第一篇：GRE作文提綱

GRE作文提綱和模板--給大家的禮物

這是竹子準備考試過程中自認為的精華部分，(自己整理總結(jié)的東西)獻給PAISLEY和寄托天下的gters，希望能對大家有用。

Argument提綱

一.開頭部分In this argument, the arguer concludes that…To substantiate the conclusion, the arguer points out that…In addition, the arguer assumes that / reasons that / cites the example of / cites the result of a recent study that…A careful examination of this argument would reveal how groundless it is.二.論證駁斥部分First of all, the argument is based on a false analogy./ The arguer simply assumes that…but he does not provide any evidence that…are indeed comparable./ As we

know,…differ conspicuously./ It is true that both…but even here exist fundamental differences:…/ Therefore, even though…proved effective in doing…there is no guarantee that it will work just as well for…// As a result, A and B do not establish a warranted analogy.So we cannot safely assume that(兩者無法比)** The author unfairly assumes that A bears some relation to B./ However, the author provides no evidence to support that this is the case, nor does the author establish a causal relationship between A and B./ It is highly possible that other factors might contribute to the B/change/progress./ For example,…It is also likely B just resulted from…/ Lacking evidence that links A to B, it is

presumptuous to suggest that A was responsible for B.(無法建立必然的因果關(guān)系)** The evidence the author provides is insufficient to support the conclusion drawn from it./ One example is rarely sufficient to establish a general conclusion./ Based on a specific example of…, it is logically unsounded to make suggestion for all…/ In fact, in face of such limited evidence, it is fallacious to draw any conclusion at all./ Unless it can be shown that…is representative of all…, the conclusion that…is completely unwarranted.(單個事例不能說明整體問題)** By concluding that sb must do A or must do B, the author commits a fallacy of“false dilemma”./ The author assumes that A and B are the only available solutions to the problem./ However, it is possible that other factors might also contribute to the problem.For example,…/ If so, just doing A and B would not solve the problem.(還有其他原因)

In addition, the arguer commits a fallacy of hasty generalization./ Even if…, which is, of course, an unwarranted assumption, it does not follow that…/ It is highly possible that other factors may have contributed to B…/ For instance,…/ Besides, the arguer does not provide any solid information

concerning…/ Unless…, which is unknown from this argument, there is no guarantee that…// Without ruling out these and other possible factors that give rise to B, the author cannot confidently conclude that…(結(jié)論得出過早，考慮不周到)

** The arguer assumes that just because one event follows another, the second event has been caused by the first./ However, no evidence is provided to support that this is the case./ The mere fact that A occurs before B does not necessarily establish a causal relationship between A and B./ It is highly possible that other factors might also bring about these same results./ For instance,…In addition,…/ Without ruling out these and other possible factors that give rise to B, the author cannot confidently conclude that…

** The recommendation depends on the assumption that no alternative means of doing sth are available./ However, the arguer fails to offer any evidence to substantiate this crucial

assumption.It is highly possible that means other than this would better solve the problem./

Without considering and ruling out these and other alternative means of doing sth, the author cannot confidently conclude that…

** The arguer assumes the characteristics of asgroupsapply to every member of that

group./ The conclusion that…is based on the assumption that…/ However, there is no

guarantee that this is the case, nor does the author provide any evidence to substantiate this

assumption.It is very likely that…/ Lacking such evidence the author cannot draw any firm

conclusion.(整體規(guī)律不一定適用于個人)

** It is assumed without justification that background conditions have remained the

same at different times / conditions./ The arguer unfairly infer from…in the past that…/

However, he/she fails to offer any evidence to substantiate this inference.It is very likely

that…, or that…/ Any of these scenarios, if true, would serve to undermine the claim

that…(從過去不能推知現(xiàn)在和將來)

Finally, the arguer provides no assurances that the survey on which the argument

depends is statistically reliable./ Lacking information about the number of…surveyed and the number of respondents, it is impossible to assess the validity of the results./For example, if…were surveyed but only…responded, the conclusion that…would be highly suspected./ Another problem is the representativeness of the respondents.Were they representative of all the…? Were…chosen for the survey chosen randomly or did they volunteer for the

survey?…/ Lacking such evidence the author cannot draw any firm conclusion based on the study.三.結(jié)尾部分In summary, this argument is not persuasive as it stands.To make it more convincing, the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning…/ provide evidence to rule out other possible causes of…To better evaluate the argument, we would need more information regarding…

Issue模版

第一段Determining whether something should or should not be done could be weighed in many aspects.Different people have different answers due to their respective point of view.On balance, my view is that the final judgment should depend on a case-by-case analysis of the two situations./ In my point of view, I agree with the speaker on the grounds that…/ At the first glance, this opinion seems to be somewhat appealing, but further reflection tells me that I cannot agree with it for the following reasons.第二段**同意The first and foremost reason why I support / agree with above statement is that…There is also a further ? more subtle ? point to consider.**反對Although at first glance these arguments sound reasonable and appealing, they are not borne out by a careful consideration.The undeniable deficiency in above arguments is that they are negligent of the bare fact that...第三段In conclusion, it must be explained that these three reasons sometimes intertwine to form an organic whole, thus becoming more persuasive than anyone of them.So, any thinking person must believe that…

第二篇：【美聯(lián)英語】GRE作文提綱8

兩分鐘做個小測試，看看你的英語水平http://m.meten.com/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0

美聯(lián)英語提供：GRE作文提綱 1.One reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that rote technical knowledge and skill do not help a student determine which goals in life are worthwhile and whether the means of attaining those goals are ethically or morally acceptable.2.Another reason why educators should emphasize personal enrichment over job preparation is that specific knowledge and skills needed for jobs are changing more and more quickly.3.A third reason why educators should emphasized personally enriching course work—particularly anthropology, sociology, history, and political philosophy—is that these courses help students understand, appreciate and respect other people and their viewpoints.現(xiàn)實和理想

-----------------------------

201.“The purpose of education should be to provide students with a value system, a standard, a set of ideas--not to prepare them for a specific job.”

教育的目的應(yīng)該是給予學(xué)生一個價值體系，一個標準，一整套想法----而不是為一個具體工作培養(yǎng)他們。

1.By

helping students develop a thoughtful, principled value system educators actually help prepare students for jobs.2.Another reason for my viewpoint lies in the fact that technology-driven industries account for an ever-increasing portion of our jobs.3.Besides helping students develop their own thoughtful value systems, educators should instill in students certain basic values upon which any democratic society depends;otherwise, our freedom to choose our own jobs and careers might not survive in the long term.4.Admittedly, values and behavioral standards specific to

certain religions are best left to parents and churches.213.“Too much emphasis has been placed on the need for students to challenge the assertions of others.In fact, the ability to compromise and work with others--that is, the ability to achieve social harmony--should be a major goal in every school.”

人們過于重視了學(xué)生們挑戰(zhàn)他人主張的要求。實際上，達成社會和諧的能力，比如容讓和協(xié)作能力，應(yīng)該成為每一所學(xué)校的主要目標。

Encouraging students to think critically does not necessarily conflict with our pursuit of social harmony.1.Critical thinking is key to students both academically and politically.2.It is necessary for students to criticize the views of each other in their studies, which does not necessarily lead to conflicts

among them.3.Compromising is harmful in academic pursuits.---------------------------

214.“Society should identify those children who have special talents and abilities and begin training them at an early age so that they can eventually excel in their areas of ability.Otherwise, these talents are likely to remain undeveloped.”

社會應(yīng)該發(fā)現(xiàn)那些具有特殊天賦和能力的孩子，并且在年幼的時候就開始訓(xùn)練他們以便于這些孩子最終可以在他們擅長的領(lǐng)域中出類拔萃。否則這些天才就可能會止步不前。

1.At first blush the statement appears compelling.I agree with the statement insofar as any society that values its own future well-being must be attentive to its children’s talents.2.Beyond this concession, however, I disagree with the statement because it seems to recommend that certain children receive special attention at the expense of other children—a recommendation that I find troubling.---------------------------222.“Learning for learning's sake is an outdated concept.Today, education must serve an ulterior purpose and be directed toward clear goals.”

孤立的教育已經(jīng)是過時的想法了。現(xiàn)在的教育應(yīng)該作用于更高的目的并且由清晰的目標來指引。

While education must serve clear purpose, “l(fā)earning for learning’s sake” is not necessarily out-dated.1.The primary purpose of education is to cultivate qualified citizens and builders of a democratic

society.2.Another purpose of education is to train creative workers who can fill in all the occupations of society.3.The idea of “l(fā)earning for learning’s sake” does not necessarily conflict with education’s pursuit of the above purposes.反理想與現(xiàn)實之教育

-------------------------223.“Education is primarily a personal matter;it has little to do with school or college.”

教育主要是個人的私事，和中小學(xué)或者大學(xué)基本上沒什么關(guān)系。

Education is not a personal matter in a large sense, and it certainly has a lot to do with school or college.1.It is not difficult to understand that education directly benefits the individual receiver of education.2.Furthermore, the education of an individual concerns the interests of the whole society.3.With the dramatic increase in knowledge today, it is impossible to educate oneself without the involvement of school or college.少數(shù)和多數(shù)

-------------------------228.“The best way to teach--whether as an educator, employer, or parent--is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.”

無論是作為教育者、雇主或者是父母，教育最好的方法就是贊揚積極的行為而無視消極的行為。

The statement overlooks circumstances under which praise might be inappropriate, as well as ignoring the beneficial value of constructive criticism, and sometimes even punishment.1.The recommendation that parents, teachers and

employers praise positive actions is generally good advice.2.While recommending praise for positive actions is fundamentally sound advice, this advice should carry with it certain caveats.3.As for ignoring negative actions, I agree that minor peccadilloes can, and in many cases should, be overlooked.4.At the same time, some measure of constructive criticism and critique, and sometimes even punishment, is appropriate.贊揚和批評

------------------------230.“College students--and people in general--prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.Therefore, colleges should eliminate as many choices as possible in order to offer students clear direction.”

大學(xué)學(xué)生和普通大眾寧愿聽從指示而不愿意自己做決定。因此，大學(xué)應(yīng)該盡可能為學(xué)生減少選擇以便于為學(xué)生們提供一個明確的方向。

1.As for the speaker’s threshold claim, I concede that under certain circumstances people prefer to take direction from others.2.When it comes to particular tasks in which college professors are more experienced and knowledgeable, following their directions is to be preferred, for failing to do so can result in costly mistakes.3.However, when it comes to decisions about major and

minor fields of study, curriculum choices, and other broad decisions, for the most part students themselves—and not college administrators—should be the final decision-makers.精英和大眾之選擇權(quán)---------------------------232.“The purpose of education should be to create an academic environment that is separate from the outside world.This kind of environment is ideal because it allows students to focus on important ideas without being held back by practical concerns.” 教育的目的應(yīng)該是要創(chuàng)造出一個隔離于外界的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境。這樣的環(huán)境最理想因為這樣可以使學(xué)生們不受功利的干擾而專注于重要的理念。

It is near-sighted to isolate students from the outside world.1.A common misconception about education is that the so-called “important ideas” students learn at schools have nothing to do with the practical world.2.Actually, students’ knowledge of the outside world contributions to their academic studies.3.Furthermore, the ultimate purpose of education is to train workers and citizens who can adapt themselves to and make contributions to the society outside the campus.理想和現(xiàn)實

第四類 科技

7.“The video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become a more important form of documentation than written records.”

攝像機可以通過如此精確而有力的記錄手段來再現(xiàn)當(dāng)代生活，因此它已經(jīng)代替書面記錄成為了一種更重要的記錄手段。

Although I agree that a video provides a more objective and accurate record of an event’s spatial aspects, there is far more to document in life than what we see and hear.Thus the speaker overstates the comparative significance of video as a documentary tool.1.For the purpose of documenting temporal, spatial events and experiences, I agree that a video record is usually more accurate and more convincing than a written record.2.Nonetheless, for certain other purposes written records are more advantageous and more appropriate than video records.3.Finally, a video record is of not use in documenting statistical or quantitative information.記錄手段：現(xiàn)代攝像機和印刷術(shù)

------------------------------30.“The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time.”

技術(shù)進步的首要目標應(yīng)該是提高人們的效率以便于每個人都享有更多的閑暇時光。

Disagree: 1.The chief reason for my disagreement lies in the empirical proof: with technological advancement comes diminished leisure time.2.Meanwhile, the suggestion that technology’s chief goal should be to facilitate leisure is simply wrongheaded.There are far more vital concerns that technology can and should address.技術(shù)進步之空閑時刻

------------------------------66.“As people rely more and more on technology to solve problems, the ability of humans to think for themselves will surely deteriorate.”

當(dāng)人們變得越來越依賴技術(shù)解決問題的時候，人類獨立思考的能力將肯定會有所衰退。

Technology is a double-edged sword that may either serve or harm human interests.1.On the one hand, it is possible that people may become the slaves of technology.2.On the other hand, technology may save people’s time and energy so that they could devote themselves to more creative and meaningful work.3.Moreover, technology provides people with effective instruments for intellectual work.技術(shù)進步之人和技術(shù)

------------------------------69.“Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development”

政府應(yīng)該少限制科學(xué)研究和發(fā)展。

Disagree 1.Without government funding, scientists would find it difficult to carry out large-scale projects.2.Government can also organize scientists to solve the most urgent problems that concern society.3.However, government should refrain from interfering with the freedom of scientific enquiry.技術(shù)之政府限制

------------------------------88.“Technologies not only influence but actually determine social customs and ethics.”

技術(shù)不僅僅影響而且實際上是決定了社會

傳統(tǒng)和道德規(guī)范。

1.Technologies have radically changed the way we spend holidays.2.The new ways of communication brought about by electronic technology have transformed the way we associate with each other in our daily lives.3.However, we should not let technologies determine our ethics.技術(shù)進步之社會影響

------------------------------107.“Instant communication systems encourage people to form hasty opinions and give quick replies rather than take the time to develop thoughtful, well-reasoned points of view.”

即時通訊系統(tǒng)促使人們匆忙的做出判斷并很快的給出回答，而不是花時間去形成深思熟慮和理由充分的觀點。

Instant communication systems tend to discourage thoughtful and well-reasoned points of view.1.Instant communication systems usually require quick replies.2.The pressure of time and space—a key feature of instant communication—forces people to form hasty opinions rather than thoughtful and well-reasoned points of view.3.On the contrary, traditional ways of communication such as hand-written letters or face-to-face discussion are more likely to induce in-depth thinking.技術(shù)進步之即時判斷

第三篇：怎樣提煉GRE考試作文的提綱

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GRE考試作文的提綱

本文與考生分享了怎樣提煉GRE考試作文的提綱，請考生們認真?zhèn)淇?，希望對參加GRE考試的考生有所幫助，小編預(yù)?？忌〉脻M意的GRE成績，更多考試信息敬請關(guān)注百利天下出國考試GRE考試網(wǎng)站相關(guān)內(nèi)容。

提綱是GRE作文的重要組成部分。在新GRE寫作開始之前列出提綱，考生對自己要寫的內(nèi)容就會一目了然，知道自己哪里著重寫，哪里只需一筆帶過。小編在此為考生講GRE作文寫作方法。

第一、穩(wěn)定軍心。

當(dāng)你有了新GRE寫作提綱，你起碼就知道先寫什么后寫什么了。這樣你就不會在寫手中的句子時又一邊在慌神下面該怎么辦。對于一開始的進入狀態(tài)無異于定心之劑。

第二、層次清晰。

GRE考試中如果碰到了以前有過提綱的那最好了，如果沒有，GRE考試現(xiàn)場列了總歸比沒有的要好吧。列出了提綱，無論怎么樣，都要讓文章看起來有個系統(tǒng)，有個層次，有個邏輯順序。主要的作用就是以上兩點。所以給新GRE作文列提綱是非常必要和值得的。所謂的四兩拔千金，可以很好的解釋這個原理。

再討論到如何實踐的問題。有人會說自己連文章都寫不完，哪來多余的寫提綱？

1、什么時候開始練習(xí)在?？紩r加入提綱？

比較適合的是在復(fù)習(xí)最后10天到一周的樣子。因為這首先需要在一定高強度的寫作練習(xí)之后，再者，需要對題目已經(jīng)有了一定的把握。很多的提綱在之前都大體列過。然后在限時中加入提綱的寫作。

2、用多長時間列提綱？

經(jīng)驗是ISSUE總體比ARGU短。ISSUE大體要2-3分鐘，ARGU怎么都要3分鐘?？赡芤?分鐘。

3、提綱里都要包含些什么？

對ISSUE來說，讀第一遍題目時把關(guān)鍵詞提出來，接著將核心話題列出來，根據(jù)這個話題開始一條一條列出你要寫的東西;ARGU來說，因為題目比較長，所以讀題的時間就要比前者長。第一遍建議先把每一個意群講的是什么簡要提出來，排上序號;第二從這些小短句分析其文章結(jié)構(gòu)和主要錯誤;第三把自己對錯誤的闡述順序列出來。這樣差

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4、列提綱的一些技巧

需要在練習(xí)新GRE作文去中找到自己的記錄法，哪種縮寫是自己看得明了的。要記出來的摘要最后自己還要辨析幾分鐘。建議在平時列提綱的時候就有意識的做一下限定時間練習(xí)，看2-3分鐘能不能把大體的框架列出來。

其他：如果正確掌握提綱的寫法和時間分配問題，將是對于AW的核心實力的一種提高。對比于其他人，無論如何都是要略勝一籌的。鼓勵大家去積極嘗試，發(fā)掘自己最適合的一套方法。我主要就是站出來告訴大家，在30和30分鐘內(nèi)寫兩個提綱+ISSUE650和ARGU550+還剩平均3分鐘時間檢查，是絕對可以實現(xiàn)的。

關(guān)于GRE作文高分技巧就 講解到這?？忌趥鋺?zhàn)GRE作文中務(wù)必注意對提綱的把握，這是GRE寫作不可缺少的一部分，考生一定要養(yǎng)成寫作之前列提綱的習(xí)慣，才能在真正的GRE考試中離開提綱一氣呵成完美的文章，小編祝愿考生取得滿意的GRE寫作高分，考生們可以經(jīng)常瀏覽百利天下出國考試GRE考試網(wǎng)站相關(guān)內(nèi)容。百利天下出國考試免費咨詢電話：400-890-6000 百利天下官網(wǎng)：004km.cn

第四篇：新GRE Issue作文復(fù)習(xí)側(cè)重點：列提綱

官方網(wǎng)站：

新GRE Issue作文復(fù)習(xí)側(cè)重點：列提綱

新GRE Issue備考側(cè)重點：準備提綱

新GRE Issue要求考生根據(jù)所給的題目，完成一篇表明立場的邏輯立論文。Issue題庫涉及社會、文化、科技、歷史、政治、藝術(shù)等諸多方面。不同類型的題目有較大差別，但在同一類型的題目中卻包含了許多命題方向非常接近的題目。

Issue寫作對于論據(jù)的要求是非常高的，因此你的名人事例的儲備，相關(guān)知識量的積累是非常重要的。這一環(huán)節(jié)也正是GRE考生最為頭疼的一部分，舉不出支持自己的觀點的例子，因此讓自己的文章顯得只有蒼白的論證，缺乏說服力。因此要多讀歷史，積累例子，尤其關(guān)注那些重要的哲學(xué)家、科學(xué)家、藝術(shù)家、政治領(lǐng)袖等人的生平事跡、主要貢獻。例如Issue里的這樣一道真題：“Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society?！?真正影響深遠的思想家和具有高度創(chuàng)造力的藝術(shù)家總是與他們的時代和社會步伐不一致)。這個題目如果沒有必備的那些思想家和藝術(shù)家的例子，文章必然缺乏說服力。因此讀歷史積累寫作素材，具體說就是論據(jù)素材是拿高分的一個重要環(huán)節(jié)。

另外，寫GRE作文提綱對于Issue部分的備考是至關(guān)重要的，也是最占用時間、最核心的一個環(huán)節(jié)。每一個題目的提綱力求詳細，不用去寫開頭段和結(jié)尾段，就寫正文各段你的各個分支觀點，也就是正文部分的論證過程。除了論證以外，寫完后想想可以用些什么論據(jù)，把支持論證的論據(jù)也寫上。需要強調(diào)的是，一定要較為詳細地寫Issue提綱，否則，在考場如果遇到?jīng)]有思考過的題目，很容易自亂陣腳，導(dǎo)致失敗。此外，題目必須考前按題材分類去寫提綱，看懂，知道對立面和大致寫作思路。論據(jù)往往在同類的很多題目中通用。寫完提綱后，再寫20-40篇完整的文章(語言能力弱的話，盡量多寫)。

第五篇：GRE作文遣詞造句

各位GRE-作文版的版友們，大家好，我是Gter-GRE綜合版的版主：Saavedro。在這里我想談?wù)勱P(guān)于如何在相對短的時間內(nèi)最大最有效的提升自己的GRE-AW寫作語言屈駕和運用的能力。鑒于最近很多版友們（包括GRE版和TOEFL版）都在問這個問題，可見這個問題的關(guān)注度越來越高，很多人一直苦于找不到好的方法而處于事半功倍的囧境，苦苦練習(xí)了2個月才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的寫作語言能力還是沒有什么本質(zhì)性的進步。最后AW考試的時候，才只有3分，3.5分等等，殊不知正是因為練習(xí)方法不當(dāng)才導(dǎo)致了這樣結(jié)果的發(fā)生。我相信收到GRE成績單的同學(xué)都可以清楚的看到ETS對于各個分數(shù)段的評價和解釋，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)3分作文的評語很明顯的強調(diào)了：語言上錯誤很多，包括用詞的不精確，語法的錯誤，句子的語病等等。也就是說3分同學(xué)的文章先不說思路和構(gòu)架如何如何的有問題，光是語言的缺陷就已經(jīng)足夠把這篇文章打入到低分群體中了。

這是成績單上ETS給予3分文章的評語：Displays some competence in analytical writing, although the writing is flawed in at least one of the following ways: limited analysis or development, weak organization, weak control of sentence structures and language usage, with errors that often result in vagueness or lack of clarity.因此如何更有效地提升遣詞造句以適應(yīng)和達到GRE寫作的要求就成為了當(dāng)前迫在眉睫的重要任務(wù)了，同時也是剛剛準備AW的同學(xué)最關(guān)注的事了。不可否認他們對于GRE寫作的理解可能還僅僅停留在語言這個層面上，當(dāng)然平心而論，大部分剛開始接觸GRE寫作的同學(xué)更多的問題還不是思路問題，擺在他們面前的第一座大山就是這個語言問題即：如何在相對短的時間內(nèi)，從四六級和TOEFL寫作的水平提升到GRE-AW的學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作呢？在我調(diào)查了大部分同學(xué)剛開始練習(xí)AW寫作的時候，他們告訴我，平均第一篇ISSUE都要寫2小時左右，才能寫出一篇大約在450-550字之間的文章，而他們最大的困難還不是思路問題，是語言表達的問題。其實這個也不難以理解。像GRE這樣最后要達到：45分鐘寫出至少650字的英文學(xué)術(shù)論文的難度，的確是其他類型的考試無法類比的。國內(nèi)的四六級英語考試是30分鐘寫150字左右的生活或者日常應(yīng)用類型的話題。TOEFL，IELTS是30分鐘寫300字左右的獨立話題作文，話題也是一般社會大眾現(xiàn)象或者是學(xué)習(xí)生活類型的話題。即使是專四專八英語考試的作文題目也沒有達到GRE這種即學(xué)術(shù)又抽象化的題目上，而且字數(shù)也同樣是300字左右，也沒有像GRE這樣的寫作如此“變態(tài)”。然后我們說歸說，抱怨歸抱怨，可是問題依然存在，所以明智的人應(yīng)該想如何破解這個難題，如何擊破和突破這個GRE-AW的第一道語言層次上的障礙。

事實上據(jù)我調(diào)查來看，很多準備GRE考試的朋友們在開始的初期時，思維都是如此運作的：寫作時80%以上用在語言支配和組織上，不到20%的精力用在文章的組織和分析上。他們告訴我說，語言上實在困難的令我難以為繼。但是我想說的是這很正常，幾乎任何人開始準備的時候都是這種狀態(tài)，并沒有什么奇怪的。那么考前應(yīng)該達到什么水平才可以比較穩(wěn)的去參加考試呢？我想是把上面兩種狀態(tài)調(diào)過來：80%用在思路思想和文章結(jié)構(gòu)的安排上，20%的精力用在語言組織遣詞造句和其他部分上。如果你后期模考的時候你的思維和精力是這樣分配的，那么恭喜你，你的語言表達已經(jīng)完全不是你寫作的障礙了。語言關(guān)過了，你攻克GRE的信心也就會與日俱增了。說到這里，也許有人問了：這怎么可能呢，這不是達到漢語母語寫作的境界了嗎？怎么可能在短短2-3個月內(nèi)做到呢？ 可我想說的是：你只說對了一半，雖然我們畢竟是中國人，母語是漢語，但是如果有方法能令你在相對短的時間內(nèi)把

自己的能力無限逼近于母語的境界呢？答案是肯定的。首先提升自己就要先明白自己的問題在哪里？要分別從哪幾個角度提升自己？很多人在提升前根本就沒有想過這些，只是一味的仿效別人去做，不停的寫，這只是為了使自己活動心理上的滿足，可對于自己的實力提升卻只有微末之功，因為他從來沒有分析過自己的問題到底在哪里，何能談及如何改成和提高呢？因此認識到問題的關(guān)鍵也就等于為解決了問題打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。下面我來說說具體的操作方法吧：

提升寫作語言表達能力不外乎有兩個層面：詞匯+句子，這也就是我們平時所說的遣詞造句的能力。筆者認為這是提升寫作語言表達能力的關(guān)鍵所在。但是我們受到傳統(tǒng)國內(nèi)英語教育的影響，總聽說詞匯和寫作能力的提升不是一朝一夕的功夫，需要長年累月的積累才能發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化。所以很多人聽之聞之，慢慢的也就真的害怕起來了。但是以我自己來說，我認為上面那句話說對了一半。詞匯和寫作表達的能力提升絕對不是一朝一夕的功夫，但是也絕非需要長年累月才可以去應(yīng)對GRE啊。當(dāng)然大家現(xiàn)在寫作遇到的首要問題可能就是在規(guī)定的限時內(nèi)無法寫出滿意的語言來，要么字數(shù)少的可憐，要么整篇文章語言表達問題嚴重使之完全不能托起自己在ISSUE或者ARGUMENT上的邏輯思維表達。這是致命性的問題，也是最棘手的問題了。剛才說過了，要想解決這個矛盾的話，首先要突破來自異國語言表達的禁錮，如果不能突破和根除這種禁錮的話，你將永遠不能去做到和題目直接的交心，不能做到和ETS的考官們面對面的“討論”這個GRE-AW的寫作話題。因此我分詞匯和句型兩個部分來分別說下如何做到在只有2-3個月的時間內(nèi)使自己的寫作語言能力比起以前來得到大幅度本質(zhì)性的提升，從而輕松應(yīng)對GRE寫作。請你相信我，只要你肯按照我下面說的付出努力并且堅持2個月以上，那么你的寫作能力一定會有質(zhì)的飛躍，載體語言能力上去了，題目思想結(jié)構(gòu)等等經(jīng)過事先提綱的反復(fù)修改也基本已經(jīng)臻至完美。這個時候你不沖擊高分，高分也會來沖擊你??！

詞匯部分：

先來看看ETS官方評語針對低分作文語言方面缺陷的說明吧：weak control of sentence structures and language usage, with errors that often result in vagueness or lack of clarity.由此可見低分作文一個很重要的flaw就是由于遣詞造句能力不佳直接導(dǎo)致語言上的失誤，評分人根本無法理解作者寫作的本意，嚴重影響了文章語言表達的clarity.首先要認識到寫作詞匯和閱讀詞匯的不同點，很多人盲目的認為英語的詞匯在聽說讀寫上都是一樣的，也就是說自己對于他們掌握的程度可以劃上等號。但實際上呢？絕對不是這樣的。閱讀和聽力中你能夠認識的和聽出來的詞匯叫做被動詞匯（passive words），而在寫作和口語中能夠?qū)懗鰜砗驼f出來的叫做主動詞匯(active words)。兩種詞匯的最大區(qū)別就在于前者是你不會使用的，只能依靠被動的接受而能有所反應(yīng)的詞匯。但是后者是你必須能正確應(yīng)用的詞匯，也就是不僅要知道單詞的拼寫，發(fā)音，意思，就是連詞匯的用法和搭配也必須要

知道的一清二楚，否則你無法正確運用的。我們看上面的定義就知道我們同學(xué)之所以寫作詞匯能力差就是我們大家的主動詞匯無論從質(zhì)還有量上都太少了，而通過機械般的背單詞，被動詞匯倒是提升了不少?？墒悄悴灰浾嬲饬磕阌⒄Z水平的一項重要標準就是：一個人掌握主動詞匯的質(zhì)量與他掌握一門語言的能力成正比例。現(xiàn)在大家看到了，寫作要求我們的就是主動詞匯的能力的提升?，F(xiàn)在確定了我們詞匯要進步提升的目標了就好辦多了。接下來就是要具體說說提升的方法了。在談這個方法前，我們先要說說GRE-AW寫作到底要我們有多少主動詞匯才夠？其實這個問題很難回答，以前寄托作文版的一位老前輩名叫：星夜無夏。以她的觀點來說：有了四級的4500詞匯就已經(jīng)能夠應(yīng)付GRE寫作了。平心而論我覺得這話說的也不無道理，因為我們看看那些ETS公布的范文和諸如其他類似文體的美文用詞也僅僅就在四六級的6000核心詞匯內(nèi)。但是我想大家應(yīng)該明白一個道理，用詞簡單要表達復(fù)雜邏輯和學(xué)術(shù)話題的話的確難度不小，這需要語言上非常高且精妙的能力技巧。很顯然，作為漢語為母語的我們，我們平時用漢語寫這種話題的時候也不敢保證用詞都會那么的基礎(chǔ)，那么的簡單。因此掌握一定的高級詞匯是很有必要的，也是十分迫切的。那么有多少才夠呢？我給各位的建議是最好有6000以上的詞匯，也就是國內(nèi)大學(xué)英語六級的詞匯的水平。請注意我這里說的詞匯水平不是說閱讀中能認識，聽力中能聽懂。而是寫作中能夠正確的使用出來，這里面包括該詞匯的常用用法和固定常用搭配等等。而我在準備AW的時候自己的寫作主動詞匯量大概在8000這個等級上。因為除了四六級詞匯外，我還練習(xí)了部分TOEFL層次甚至GRE紅寶書中的常用寫作詞匯。當(dāng)我已經(jīng)達到了8000主動詞匯寫作表達的時候，寫作中再也沒有來自詞匯的羈絆，自己的思想和對于題目的觀點看法便如滔滔江水一樣，由腦海中傾瀉而出，45分鐘后即成一篇不少于650字的ISSUE文章了，那種感覺是如此的美妙絕倫，是我以前從來沒有感受到過的。

練習(xí)方法和工具書：

教材：以我自己的經(jīng)驗來看，我推薦大家用一本名為：《TOEFL-ibt 寫作詞匯小伴侶》作者是：戴云，張宏偉。這本書雖然是TOEFL寫作用的書，但是書中收錄的詞匯非常全面，而且還都給分了類和科目，所以很便于進行分類性的高頻詞匯總結(jié)。、方法：如果你還有2個月以上的時間的話，那么就以此書中前271頁的詞匯和短語為目標進行訓(xùn)練，如果你只有1個月的時間左右的話，那么就以前100頁詞匯和詞組訓(xùn)練也就可以了。訓(xùn)練方法同普通的背單詞方法不一樣。首先請你找出一支筆來，在前271頁中把你認為重要的和你將來寫作可能會用到的詞匯和短語統(tǒng)統(tǒng)用紅筆把它右邊的中文釋義畫下來（英文詞匯不要畫任何東西）。每天要給自己定出進度來（例如：50頁詞匯），將左面的英文單詞用卡片一類的東西擋住，練習(xí)看你畫出的后面的中文釋義和詞性來想左面被擋住的詞匯是什么（注意不會使用的詞匯要特別查詞典看用法，這里面多是動詞比較復(fù)雜；名詞，形容詞，副詞等都相對容易得多）。用這個方法將271頁的詞匯和短語在一周左右的時間迅速的過掉第一遍，這個時候請你不要著急，因為還不熟練。你需要適當(dāng)?shù)目s短時間，例如：5天，再重復(fù)上面的步驟。如此練習(xí)一個月左右，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你再寫文章的時候你腦子對于詞匯的運作方式就發(fā)生變化了。以前你在寫的時候遇到一個地方會苦苦的思索有什么詞匯可以放到這里用。但是這個時候你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的腦子里出現(xiàn)了4-5個這樣同義或者上義的詞匯或者短語，你現(xiàn)在需要做的工作就是選一個最好的寫上。這樣用一個月左右的時間把寫作詞匯的問題徹底解決掉。不過要注意的是此方法不到考試前的一天不能停止，一旦停止你的主動詞匯量就會發(fā)生退化，因為畢竟你還不在英語語言環(huán)境中。

其中的訓(xùn)練原理其實很簡單：因為漢語是我們的母語，英語對于我們來說是相對陌生的多的。我們對于英語的語感也遠沒有漢語高。因此要想提升對于英語的敏感和運用能力，在初期的時候就必須以漢語這個令我們熟悉的語言作為媒介將我們的表達和英語思維和語言連接起來。如果一味的死背英文單詞記憶漢語釋義的話，我們的記憶還是停留在被動詞匯那個層面上，永遠也無法更有效地提高甚至突破。

造句部分：

解決了詞匯的問題，現(xiàn)在就剩下句式和造句的問題了。這個問題也相當(dāng)棘手，很多人寫作的文章詞匯雖然沒有問題，但是句式非常的單一化，而且無法做到簡單句和復(fù)雜句的交錯使用，使文章語言上沒有層次跌宕起伏的感覺，縱然有cogent的論證和精善的思路，句式表達卻平平無奇，最終沒能托起作者的idea，遺憾終生~~~

這就好比武俠小說中所言：天下極品武學(xué)都要依賴上乘的內(nèi)力催動，方能發(fā)揮出無窮的力量。故內(nèi)功根基不深厚，縱有再多的上乘武學(xué)秘籍，也是徒勞無功耳。

練習(xí)方法和工具書：

教材：推薦一本書和一部資料：《GRE北美官方范文》（北美范文），帶有中英文雙解的ISSUE和ARGUMENT的題庫（XDF黃皮系列書和網(wǎng)上的資料也可）。注意：北美范文這本書在整個GRE-AW備考中要慎重使用?，F(xiàn)在中國考生GRE-AW分數(shù)偏低，除了語言不過關(guān)以外，再有就是抄襲和雷同兼死板八股化十分嚴重。而這種現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)和這本書可以說有著莫大的關(guān)聯(lián)。因此筆者建議北美范文這本書還是要買的，但是只能用來練習(xí)語言表達能力，千萬不能用于思路開拓和作文破題審題寫作模式等等方面。而真正這方面的東西，還有賴于大家自己積極的發(fā)揮主觀能動性吧，ETS總喜歡原創(chuàng)且新穎的東西。不過要為北美范文澄清的是：它對于語言表達能力培養(yǎng)提升還是大有裨益的，筆者當(dāng)時寫作造句能力提升60%就有賴于對于這本書使用。

方法：練習(xí)ISSUE部分的范文文章即可。以此書的開始的前30篇ISSUE文章為綱要進行訓(xùn)練。首先在你的計算機中GRE寫作資料中建立一個文件夾，名為：北美范文漢譯英練習(xí)。

具體操作方法為每天至少練習(xí)2篇ISSUE文章的漢譯英練習(xí)，每篇文章獨立一個txt文檔文件。打開你的北美范文，然后翻到后面中文翻譯的地方，看一句中文，然后做漢譯英的翻

譯練習(xí)，將你翻譯的結(jié)果打字到文檔文件里保存，當(dāng)一個段落或者一篇文章翻譯完后，仔細對照原文。這時候你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你翻譯的和英文原文有很大的不同，這里面包括詞匯和句式的差異等等。這時候你要注意，原文中使用好的詞匯和表達方式你都要統(tǒng)統(tǒng)的以其所在分句的形式抄在一個本子上（中英文都要抄上），然后每天沒事的時候就看著你抄寫的中文再次回想對應(yīng)的英文是什么，就這樣每天堅持翻譯兩篇文章，然后看抄寫下的中文回想和記憶對應(yīng)的英文部分，兩周后就會翻譯完這30篇文章。這個時候就要停下來不要再翻譯新的文章。你要做的是再次從第一篇到第三十篇文章做漢譯英的翻譯練習(xí)。隨著你的詞匯和句式能力的提升，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你這次的翻譯結(jié)果還是和原文有所不同，但是與前者不同的是你發(fā)現(xiàn)它的語言和你的語言比起來比你容易得多，無論是詞匯還有句式上，這就說明你進步了。你比它好的地方你自己要保留，而你不如它的地方還要用上述辦法改進。就這樣堅持1-2個月，你的造句的能力也會發(fā)生質(zhì)的飛躍。你會發(fā)現(xiàn)無論你想表達什么，你都能在最短的時間內(nèi)在做到詞匯和句式兼顧下，高效率，低錯誤的寫完你想要寫的文章，通過英語語言完美的詮釋你的思想和觀點。注意：如果你只想高效率的練習(xí)造句能力的話也可以使用國內(nèi)考研英語閱讀的長難句進行漢譯英的翻譯，那個雖然更為痛苦些，但是效果卻更加出眾。筆者當(dāng)時使用的是《北美范文》和《楊鵬GRE&&GMAT難句》作為寫作漢譯英的材料練習(xí)寫作語言表達能力的，卻只練習(xí)了不到2個月便突然于一次寫作時發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的英文表達已經(jīng)完全脫胎換骨，在表達GRE-ISSUE的時候，文字上竟然能體驗到游戲自如一般的感受，真是妙極，爽極??！其中的訓(xùn)練原理同詞匯基本一致，都是要通過漢語母語來牽動英語和我們的思維連接上。在這里筆者想說的，也是想請大家記住的是提升輸出性英語表達的最好辦法就是做與之相對應(yīng)的漢譯英練習(xí)。因為英譯漢實際提升的只是你漢語的表達能力，真正能在相對短時間內(nèi)且有效提升英語表達能力的方法唯有：漢譯英練習(xí)！！這個練習(xí)你不做不知道，一做嚇一跳??！當(dāng)然當(dāng)你一開始練習(xí)的時候就不能停下一直要堅持2個月左右才會出先奇效，所以還是那句老話：貴在堅持??！如果說聽寫是提升聽力的唯一途徑，那么漢譯英就是有效提升英語寫作語言表達的唯一方式了。

洋洋灑灑的說了這么多，筆者只是想告訴各位G友們：只要方法正確，再配以你堅忍不拔的毅力，那么結(jié)果就一定會是輝煌的。筆者的AW部分是5.0分（估計ISSUE比ARGUMENT部分要高）。而以當(dāng)初筆者的英語基礎(chǔ)之差我相信當(dāng)世亦是十分罕有的。曾經(jīng)有人對筆者說四級都沒過怎么考GRE??？？？就是打死我，我也不行啊！！筆者對于這樣的人總是愿意糾正他這個思想認識上的錯誤。如果你們要比誰的英語基礎(chǔ)差，筆者相信筆者絕對居于此類“超弱勢群體”的超弱勢前列。筆者在此不說具體的分數(shù)，我只說用大學(xué)英語四級來說事沒有絲毫的意義，筆者2005年參加北京高考英語部分的分數(shù)不但沒有及格，而且距離90分這個及格線也是相差甚遠，大一基礎(chǔ)英語上下學(xué)期都是掛科。但是筆者大二下學(xué)期為了考GRE考TOEFL，為了飛躍夢想而瘋狂拼命的學(xué)習(xí)英語。這才能以一年多前的那種英語基礎(chǔ)到今天能拿下GRE這個被世界上號稱最難得英語考試來。所以請你不要抱怨什么，只需要從今天開始努力做你應(yīng)該做的就可以了。筆者還是那句話：方法+堅持=成功奇跡出現(xiàn)?。?/p>