第一篇：經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護辯論數(shù)據(jù)

數(shù)據(jù)：

1、胡錦濤總書記在中央黨校的重要講話中說，現(xiàn)在我們發(fā)展上快的問題解決了，但好的問

題并未解決好。

2、污染數(shù)據(jù)：江河水系70%受到污染，流經(jīng)城市90%以上嚴重污染，城市垃圾處理率不足

20%，農(nóng)村1.5億噸垃圾露天存放，三億多農(nóng)民喝不到干凈的水，四億多城市居民呼吸不到新鮮空氣。

3、社會問題：2005年中國發(fā)生5.1萬起環(huán)境糾紛，40萬人次投訴和上訪，而且以30%的速

度在遞增。污染嚴重影響人體健康，早已引起人民群眾的不滿，環(huán)境不公平，也正在加重著社會不公平。成為社會問題新的不穩(wěn)定因素。

4、經(jīng)濟危機：也指自然災害，戰(zhàn)爭造成的生產(chǎn)力猛烈下降，經(jīng)濟極度混亂和動蕩的現(xiàn)象

5、科學發(fā)展觀，第一要務是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，根

本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧。

6、國外自然災害：

2003年法國高達40度的熱浪，法國死了三萬多人，2005年南亞大海嘯，死傷更是慘重

7、過度的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展已經(jīng)造成了全球暖化、溫室效應等，使得海平面上升，就是在上海，四十年后，也將成為水底的遺跡，而更別提二十年后的珠江三角洲面積將只剩下一半。2080年，全世界有10億到32億的人口需要面臨水災，二到七億的人更將成為海龍王的祭品。熱帶雨林正以每秒三個足球場大的速度消失，如此全面且急迫的問題，難道不值得我們嚴正以待嗎？

8.如今經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的領(lǐng)軍產(chǎn)業(yè)是信息產(chǎn)業(yè)，請問對方辯友知不知道信息產(chǎn)業(yè)每年要耗費多少劇毒的化學物質(zhì)？信息產(chǎn)業(yè)僅在1999年，就用了世界上300萬噸劇毒物質(zhì)來提煉硅，制造芯片，對方辯友不要只看到無邊鈔票滾滾來，看不到一江毒水向東流??！

9.一是制約經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。世界銀行估算，1995年中國空氣和水污染造成的損失占當年GDP的8％；中科院專家測算，2003年環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞造成的損失占GDP的15％；據(jù)2001年西部生態(tài)狀況調(diào)查報告，西部9省區(qū)生態(tài)破壞造成的直接經(jīng)濟損失占當?shù)谿DP的13％。

10.近年來，環(huán)保群體上訪和投訴不斷增加。2001年，全國環(huán)保系統(tǒng)共收到信件35．3萬封，2002年41萬封，2003年52．6萬封，以每年30％的速度上升；

11.據(jù)專家預測，十多年前，環(huán)境保護的投入只要達到GDP的1.5%，中國的環(huán)境就能夠有所改善，而中國的環(huán)保投入?yún)s一直在GDP的0.5%左右徘徊，如今環(huán)保投入已經(jīng)要求占到GDP的3%以上，而我國環(huán)保投入才達到總額1.5%。

12.目前1/3的國土被酸雨覆蓋，2/3的草原沙化，近乎100％的土壤板結(jié)；江河水系70％受到污染，40％嚴重污染，基本喪失使用功能，流經(jīng)城市的河流95％以上受到嚴重污染；中國水資源占有量不到世界平均水平的1/5，并且主要水系的2/5已成為劣五類水；全國有一半的人口缺乏干凈飲用水，3億多農(nóng)民喝不到干凈水，其中超過60％是由于非自然因素導致的飲用水源水質(zhì)不達標。三分天災七分人禍，環(huán)境保護刻不容緩。

人類當代利益和后代利益的協(xié)調(diào)，地區(qū)局部利益和全球整體利益的協(xié)調(diào)。最后，實現(xiàn)人類利益和自然化境的真正協(xié)調(diào)。

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的建設和保護是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的前提和基礎

第二篇：英語辯論環(huán)境保護與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

Which should receive priority in china? Environmental protection or economic growth.：Good morning everyone!We are here now debating about whether environmental protection or

economic growth should take priority in china;we think its economy growth should be chosen.I have three reasons to prove this point.：First, as a developing country, the economy power is far behind the developed countries, so the urgent

affair of china is to develop our economy.：Second, Economy growth doesn’t necessarily conflict with environment protection.We can develop

our economy without environmental pollution.：Third, when our economy strength become strong, we can spend more money and energy on

environment protection, till then it will be a win-win.In a word, considering the current situations, economy growth should take priority in china.：We agree economic growth is needed.But think about the past decades, we followed the old model of

“first pollution, last treatment”, however, how did it come out? The environment problems have become increasingly prominent, and some local regions’ environment has been polluted to a dangerous extent that poses a great threat to our existence.：What’s more, the cost was too high and the effect was not up to much by this means, it placed us in a

completely passive position.At the same time the people started voicing new values: quality of life, urban conservation and the environment.：So, we must get to the bottom of the problem and learn from the past, which is to say, in the course of

development, we should consider the effect of pollution and receive environment protection in first priority.Only in this way can we solve the environmental problems in the future reasonably.：We all know that in many places of china like many poor countries, where the environment is pretty

good, but there are thousands people lack of money for the food or clothes.Even in the city like Dalian, how many people can’t afford of the expensive price of house.Do you think the problems like these can be solved by environmental protection?

：But opponent debaters can’t ignore the fact that most areas of china have solved the problem of food

and clothing at present.Furthermore, the level of economic development in many cities in eastern china is very high.But the pollution is pretty serious accordingly.We have money, but being under the sub health condition.Does it make any sense, opponent debaters?

：Some eastern cities do exist whose economy is quite developed, but you forget that china has 130

million people.The eastern cities can’t stand for the whole china.We know that environment protection need high-technology, high-tech personnel, and science research.They all need a lot of money, and money is created by economy.I want to ask my fellow debater that can we protect our environment well without strong economy strength.：Environmental protection needs money.But we can’t sacrifice the environment for the economic growth.If you drink polluted water, eat the toxic food, can we have a high quality of life? Economic development must be on the premise of environmental protection.：Economic growth is important, environmental protection is also important.And our government has

already realized the importance of the balance between the two parts, and did achieve some

good results.I think in the future there will be on a win-win situation in the economic and

environmental protection.

第三篇：英語辯論——環(huán)境保護VS經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

英語辯論——環(huán)境保護VS經(jīng)濟發(fā)展(經(jīng)濟發(fā)展正方）

Which should receive priority in China? Environmental protection or economic growth.正方一辯陳詞：Good morning everyone!We are here now debating about whether environment protection or economy growth should take priority in China, we think it’s economy growth that should be chosen.I have three reasons to prove this point.First, as a developing country, the economy power is far behind the developed counties, China have one fifth of the people in the world, but the income of per head is only in 109th among countries.So the urgent affair of China is developing our economy.Second, economy growth doesn’t necessarily conflict with environment protection.We can develop our economy without environment pollution.Third, when our economy strength becomes strong, we can spend more money and energy on environment protection, till then it will be a win-win.In a word, considering the current situations, economy growth should take priority in China.反方一辯陳詞：We agree economic growth is needed.But think about the past decades, we followed the old model of “first pollution, last treatment”, however, how did it come out? The environment problems have become increasingly prominent, and some local regions’ environment has been polluted to a dangerous extent that poses a great threat to our existence.What’s more, the cost was too high and the effect was not up to much.By this means, it placed us in a completely passive position.At the same time the people started voicing new values: quality of life, urban conservation and the environment.So, we must get to the bottom of the problem and learn from the past.That is, in the course of development, we should consider the effect of pollution and receive environment protection in first priority.Only in this way can we solve the environmental problems in the future reasonably.That’s all I want to say.自由辯論

正方二辯：We all know that in many places of china like many poor countries, where the environment is pretty good, there are thousands people lack of money for the food the need to live.Then, opponent debaters, do you think we still need to develop our economies?

反方二辯：But opponent debaters can’t ignore the fact that most areas of China have solved the problem of food and clothing at present.Furthermore, the level of economic development in many cities in eastern China is very high.But the pollution is pretty serious accordingly.We have money, but being under the sub health condition.Does it make any sense, opponent debaters?

正方三辯：There do exist some eastern cities whose economy is quite developed, but you forget that China has 130 million people.The eastern cities can’t stand for the whole China.We know that environment protection need high-technology, High-tech personnel, and science research.They all need a lot of money, and money is created by economy.I want to ask my fellow debater that can we protect our environment well without strong economy strength.反方三辯：Environmental protection needs economy.But we can’t sacrifice the environment for the economic growth.If you drink polluted water, eat the toxic food, can we have a high quality of life? Economic development must be on the premise of environmental protection.The policy of “returning farmland to forests and grass” slow down the speed of economic development to protect the

environment.Doses it show that the environmental protection is more important?

正方四辯：Opponent debaters have referred the returning farmland to forest policy.We admit our country has paid a lot of money for the environment even sacrificing the profit.But we should still take economic construction as the central task.反方四辯：We admit economic construction is our country’s principle task.But we have to insist on sustainable development while developing economy.We must attach great importance to the protection of the natural environment in the process of economic development.總結(jié)：

正方總結(jié)：Our opponent said , ” we can’t sacrifice the environment for the economic growth”.I think what they said can’t come true at present.It’s unavoidable to harm the environment while developing economy.反方總結(jié): Our opponent said ” the urgent affairs of china is developing our economy”.The goal we develop the economy today is to create a happy and comfortable life for people in the future.If the economic growth lead to the pollution of the environment, can we live a better life? The excessive economic growth has caused the greenhouse effect, which lead to sea-level rises.As a result, thousands of coastal dweller has to face the fate of the migration.Moreover, the opponent also said,” when our economy strength become strong, we can spend more money and energy on environment protection.” I want to question that when the animals and plants have died out, what the opponent debater protect with the money and energy.If the economic growth delays for two years, we can wait two years to develop it.But, if the environmental protection delays two years, the species will be extinct, the resources will exhaust.The urgency like this can’t wait.So our side advocates the environmental protection should receive priority in China.Thank you.補充及參考材料

二辯盤問 Two debate questioned 反方二辯：請問對方二辯，經(jīng)濟是一時之事，環(huán)境是萬代之事，哪個重要？經(jīng)濟 發(fā)展慢了，人們還可以吃到飯，環(huán)境沒了，還能生存嗎？?My fellow debaters，please allow me to ask.The economy is the temporary matter, but the?environment is of the ten thousand generation, which one is more important? When Economic develops slowly, people can also eat rice;how can we still survive if there is no environment.正方二辯：不好意思對方辯友，恐怕我們今天討論的重點是優(yōu)先權(quán)。并不是說經(jīng) 濟優(yōu)先就不搞環(huán)保了，只是環(huán)保處于較次的位置，跟中國現(xiàn)狀一樣，政策雖 然說要重視環(huán)保，但一般縣區(qū)還是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展優(yōu)先的，也就有資本的大城市才 比較重視搞環(huán)保，相信大家心知肚明?Sorry, I'm

afraid the key points we debate today are the right of priority.Economy?development first does not mean totally ignore the environmental protection, the?environmental protection is just in the inferior position.Just like the present China,?although the policy attach great importance to environmental protection, economic development receive priority in the general counties, there is only capital cities would likely?take it seriously to environmental protection, everybody know it in our own heart.反方二辯：請問正方三辯，如果發(fā)展經(jīng)濟優(yōu)先的話，很可能造成環(huán)境成本大于經(jīng) 濟效益的情況，這樣的經(jīng)濟是發(fā)展還是倒退？?Excuse me, my fellow debaters.If economic development receives priority then it is likely?the environmental costs to be larger than the economic efficiency, such economy develops or backs up? 正方三辯： 這種情況確實有存在，但并不是每時每刻都存在。各個行業(yè)情況不同，我們不能以偏概全。但按你的意思，這種情況下經(jīng)濟效益是負的，那我們改 行環(huán)境保護優(yōu)先，就能轉(zhuǎn)虧為盈？我不這么覺得。to cause This kind of situation is there truly, but not every moment.The situation in each industry is different;we cannot draw conclusions from one part.But according to your point, in this case the economic benefit is negative, then if we changed environment first, we can turn it into profit? I don't think so.正方二辯： 我們知道環(huán)境的保護是預防為主，防治結(jié)合，而預防和治理都要依 靠技術(shù)的發(fā)展，那請問對方二辯，如果沒有強有力的經(jīng)濟基礎支持科學技術(shù) 發(fā)展，那么以科技為支撐的環(huán)保從何談起呢？?We know that the protection of the environment is mainly prevention, and we should combine prevention with treatment, and the prevention and control depends on the development of technology, then my fellow debaters, if there is no strong economic basis for science and technology development, then don’t mention the environmental protection supported by the science and technology.反方二辯：你的問題未免抽象了點?？萍及l(fā)展無止盡，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展也沒盡頭，什么 時候算得上是“強有力”呢？但是環(huán)境保護是迫在眉睫，耽誤不起。Your question is a little abstract.Science and technology develops endlessly, so dose economic development, when will it be considered as “strong"? But environmental protection is?imminent, which can't afford to delay.正方二辯：請問反方三辯，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展是讓人們享受到豐富的生活內(nèi)容，包括衣食 住行娛樂，這難道不是現(xiàn)在社會上人們的普遍愿望嗎？?Excuse me, my fellow debaters.The responsibility of economic development is to let people enjoy a rich life, including the basic necessities and entertainment, isn't it now the?people's universal desire? 反方三辯：人們喜歡的期望的不一定都是好的。我相信，人們更傾向于在一個既 能享受到生活樂趣，同時又是一個健康和諧自然的環(huán)境中生存。People`s expectation is not necessarily that good.I believe that people tend to live in a life of happiness, and at the same time, survive in a healthy and harmonious natural environment?自由辯論 正方一辯： 請問對方辯友，原始社會的人類祖先們環(huán)境保護工作做得可謂好了吧，而他們 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展很落后，所所以才一直過著鉆木取火、茹毛飲血的生活，按你們的 意思我們應該回歸這種生活嗎？?Excuse me, my fellow friends.In the primitive society, human ancestor`s environmental protection work is good, but to them Economic development is very backward, so it has been living a life of the earliest people, should we return to this kind of life according to your meaning??反方一辯：人類祖先確實需要發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，但若是在這個過程中砍完了森林，污染 了河流，使衣食都不再有保障，恐怕也無法發(fā)展下去了。我想問的是，核電站是 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，但眾所周知，幾次核電站的泄漏帶來了環(huán)境的極度惡化，請問 你怎么看？?Human ancestors do need to develop the economy, but if cut out the forests, pollute the river, making Food and clothing are no longer guaranteed in this process, I’m afraid it cannot develop any longer.What I want to ask is, nuclear power station is the

outcome of the economic development, but it is well known that a few times nuclear power leakage has brought the environment extremely worsened, what do you think of it??正方二辯：首先，我方并沒有承諾經(jīng)濟發(fā)展就一定會破壞到環(huán)境；其次，對方所 說的情況只是鳳毛麟角；第三，核電站泄漏是科技不力，而經(jīng)濟是科學研究 的基礎。First, we have never pledge that the economic development certainly will destroy the environment;second, the situation you said is only rare;third, nuclear power station leakage because the technology is not strong.But economy is the foundation?of scientific research.反方二辯：但是核電站可以再建，那些污染了的土地和地下水怎么辦？沒有了這 些，我們的生活怎么辦？你愿意生活在核電站附近，還是一片山清水秀之 間？?But the nuclear power station may be reconstructed, how about these polluted land and the underground water? Without land and water, how does our life manage? Would you like to live nearby the nuclear power station, or between pieces of beautiful sceneries??正方三辯：但是對方辯友請注意，核電站的建造，正是為了千千萬萬人類的生活 用電得到滿足。有了電，我們的機器可以運作，生產(chǎn)可以興起，環(huán)境總會有 辦法彌補，我也想問，你愿意生活在兩小時停一次電的地方還是用電無憂之 處？ Please note that the construction of nuclear power stations is precisely to satisfy millions of people's living power.With the electricity, our machine can be operated, the production can rise, and there must be any way to make up for the?environment.I also want to ask, are you willing to live in a place two hours stop a electricity or a place with abundant power.反方三辯：你的意思是破壞了環(huán)境然后再去彌補。為什么要先污染后治理？為什 么要兜這么大一個圈子呢？而且我國的經(jīng)濟建設里程已經(jīng)證明，先污染后治 理是錯的，行不通的。You mean to make up for the environment after destroying it.Why management after pollution? Why to pocket so big a circle? And the economic construction of our country has already proved that treatment after pollution is wrong, it won't work.正方四辯：我不得不說我方真冤枉。是你給的前提，說核電站泄漏了，嚴重污染 了環(huán)境，而我方堅信是可以挽救的。而且事實上，包括核電站在內(nèi)的很多工 業(yè)廠子，都種有青草綠樹，他們在搞經(jīng)濟的同時，并沒有放棄環(huán)境的保護。I can not but say that we are really undeserved.It is you who give the premise, said that the nuclear power station leakage has polluted the environment seriously, but we believed that is can be saved.And in fact, including nuclear power stations, many industrial factories, plant all kinds of green grass and trees, while they practice the economy, they do not give up the protection of the environment.反方四辯：但是僅僅不放棄就可以嗎？再怎么注意也無法保證無污染，這樣日積 月累下來，依然會是一片慘狀。必須把環(huán)境保護放在第一位，每個工廠都嚴 抓，才能從根本上阻止環(huán)境的惡化。But only does not give up possible? However do we pay attention to the environment, we cannot guarantee there will be no pollution.As time goes on, it will still be a miserable situation.So we must place the environmental protection in the first place, each factory should be managed strictly, only in this way, can we prevent the environment from worsening fundamentally.正方三辯：對方辯友請從事實出發(fā)，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展必然會付出代價，我們已經(jīng)在努力 使代價降到最低。Opposite party debates , please to start from the fact, the economic development will definitely pay the price, we have been trying to make the price to a minimum.反方三辯：降低應該有個標準吧，這不是你我能定的，是自然環(huán)境定的，等到他 揭示這個標準時，只怕為時已晚了。Reduces should have a standard, which is not you or me can decide, it is the natural environment, when he reveals this standard, I’m afraid it is too late.

第四篇：英語辯論——環(huán)境保護VS經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

英語辯論——環(huán)境保護VS經(jīng)濟發(fā)展(經(jīng)濟發(fā)展正方）

Which should receive priority in China? Environmental protection or economic growth.正方一辯陳詞： we think it’s economy growth that should be chosen.I have three reasons to prove this point.First, as a developing country, the economy power is far behind the developed counties, China have one fifth of the people in the world, but the income of per head is only in 109th among countries.So the urgent affair of China is developing our economy.Second, economy growth doesn’t necessarily conflict with environment protection.We can develop our economy without environment pollution.Third, when our economy strength becomes strong, we can spend more money and energy on environment protection, till then it will be a win-win.In a word, considering the current situations, economy growth should take priority in China.反方一辯陳詞：We agree economic growth is needed.But the environment problems have become increasingly prominent, and some local regions’ environment has been polluted to a dangerous extent that poses a great threat to our existence.What’s more, the cost was too high and the effect was not up to much.By this means, it placed us in a completely passive position.At the same time the people started voicing new values: quality of life, urban conservation and the environment.So, we must get to the bottom of the problem and learn from the past.That is, in the course of development, we should consider the effect of pollution and receive environment protection in first priority.Only in this way can we solve the environmental problems in the future reasonably.That’s all I want to say.反方二辯：請問對方二辯，經(jīng)濟是一時之事，環(huán)境是萬代之事，哪個重要？經(jīng)濟 發(fā)展慢了，人們還可以吃到飯，環(huán)境沒了，還能生存嗎？?My fellow debaters，please allow me to ask.The economy is the temporary matter, but the?environment is of the ten thousand generation, which one is more important? When Economic develops slowly, people can also eat rice;how can we still survive if there is no environment.正方二辯：不好意思對方辯友，恐怕我們今天討論的重點是優(yōu)先權(quán)。并不是說經(jīng) 濟優(yōu)先就不搞環(huán)保了，只是環(huán)保處于較次的位置，Sorry, I'm afraid the key points we debate today are the right of priority.Economy?development first does not mean totally ignore the environmental protection, the?environmental protection is just in the inferior position.、反方三辯：請問正方三辯，如果發(fā)展經(jīng)濟優(yōu)先的話，很可能造成環(huán)境成本大于經(jīng) 濟效益的情況，這樣的經(jīng)濟是發(fā)展還是倒退？?Excuse me, my fellow debaters.If economic development receives priority then it is likely?the environmental costs to be larger than the economic efficiency, such economy develops or backs up?

正方三辯： 這種情況確實有存在，但并不是每時每刻都存在。各個行業(yè)情況不同，我們不能以偏概全。但按你的意思，這種情況下經(jīng)濟效益是負的，那我們改 行環(huán)境保護優(yōu)先，就能轉(zhuǎn)虧為盈？我不這么覺得。This kind of situation is there truly, but not every moment.The situation in each industry is different;we cannot draw conclusions from one part.But according to your point, in this case the economic benefit is negative, then if we changed environment first, we can turn it into profit? I don't think so.反方四辯：你的問題未免抽象了點。科技發(fā)展無止盡，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展也沒盡頭，但是環(huán)境保護是迫在眉睫，耽誤不起。Your question is a little abstract.Science and technology develops endlessly, so dose economic development, But environmental protection is?imminent, which can't afford to delay.正方四辯：請問反方四辯，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展是讓人們享受到豐富的生活內(nèi)容，包括衣食 住行娛樂，這難道不是現(xiàn)在社會上人們的普遍愿望嗎？Excuse me, my fellow debaters.The responsibility of economic development is to let people enjoy a rich life, including the basic necessities and entertainment, isn't it now the?people's universal desire?

反方一辯：人們喜歡的期望的不一定都是好的。我相信，人們更傾向于在一個既 能享受到生活樂趣，同時又是一個健康和諧自然的環(huán)境中生存。People`s expectation is not necessarily that good.I believe that people tend to live in a life of happiness, and at the same time, survive in a healthy and harmonious natural environment

正方一辯： 請問對方辯友，原始社會的人類祖先們環(huán)境保護工作做得可謂好了吧，而他們 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展很落后，所所以才一直過著鉆木取火、茹毛飲血的生活，按你們的 意思我們應該回歸這種生活嗎？?Excuse me, my fellow friends.In the primitive society, human ancestor`s environmental protection work is good, but to them Economic development is very backward, so it has been living a life of the earliest people, should we return to this kind of life according to your meaning?

正方總結(jié)：Our opponent said , ” we can’t sacrifice the environment for the economic growth”.I think what they said can’t come true at present.It’s unavoidable to harm the environment while developing economy.反方總結(jié): Our opponent said ” the urgent affairs of china is developing our economy”.The goal we develop the economy today is to create a happy and comfortable life for people in the future.If the economic growth lead to the pollution of the environment, can we live a better life ？

第五篇：經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護

經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護

Economic development and environmental protection

作者：董佳祺

【摘要】近年來，國家力求發(fā)展，雖明確提出可持續(xù)發(fā)展要求，可公民對此意識薄弱，在發(fā)展的同時難以達到節(jié)能減排、經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境雙贏的目的。本文列舉一些在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中遇到的環(huán)境問題及其相關(guān)解決辦法，包括城鎮(zhèn)環(huán)境保護措施，公路發(fā)展中的環(huán)境問題，農(nóng)村生態(tài)資源保護及經(jīng)濟發(fā)展問題，林業(yè)生態(tài)保護及經(jīng)濟發(fā)展問題，水資源利用與保護，低碳經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境保護，生物技術(shù)在環(huán)境保護中的一些應用等。由于長期缺乏有效地管理，給環(huán)境造成了破壞，嚴重制約經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展已經(jīng)成為當今社會的要求。

關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)境保護；資源開發(fā)；可持續(xù)發(fā)展；

abstract ： in recent years, countries try to develop, though clearly put sustainable development, can this weak awareness of citizens, in the development and at the same time it is difficult to meet the energy conservation and emission reduction, economic and environmental the win-win purpose.The paper lists some in the economic development of the environmental problems and the related meet solutions, including urban environmental protection measures, in the development of the highway environmental problems, the rural ecological resources protection and economic development, the forestry ecological protection and economic development, water resource utilization and protection, a low carbon economy and environment protection, biological technology in the environmental protection of the some applications.Due to long-term lack of effective management, environment caused by damage to the seriously restricted economic development, economic and environmental coordination development has become the most social requirements.Keywords: environmental protection;Resource development;Sustainable development;In recent years

1.環(huán)境與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，隨著人類對自然的索取，自然資源越來越匱乏，而就目前的發(fā)展來看，經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展很大程度上是依賴于環(huán)境，在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的同時，環(huán)境保護刻不容緩。節(jié)能減排，高效利用成為當代經(jīng)濟發(fā)展要求，同時必須做到科學發(fā)展，可持續(xù)發(fā)展。環(huán)境是我們生存的家園環(huán)境的好壞，直接影響到我們生活質(zhì)量的高低，在發(fā)展的同時，要求人們處理好經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境的關(guān)系。在我國的高速發(fā)展中，創(chuàng)造了

GDP增長第一，外匯儲備第一等，可相對的，也造成了排放溫室氣體第一等一系列問題，盲目的發(fā)展環(huán)境不堪重負。城市化水瓶的提高，公路的建設等，嚴重占用耕地，給農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展造成不便；眾多農(nóng)村密集之地，砍伐成災，植被資源受到嚴重損害；工業(yè)的發(fā)展，對資源難以有效利用，在經(jīng)濟效益小的情況下，對自然的索取及工業(yè)廢物的排放也在威脅著環(huán)境的可持續(xù)性。目前已出現(xiàn)土地沙漠化，雨水酸化，淡水資源富營養(yǎng)化，溫室效應等人類難以承受的環(huán)境問題。環(huán)境保護已成為當前發(fā)展的前提。制定保護環(huán)境相關(guān)法律法規(guī)，提出保護環(huán)境基本方法，加強公民環(huán)保意識已刻不容緩。

2.公路建設及其環(huán)境污染

公路建設原料為土、石、瀝青、水泥等。土石的開采勢必會對山體，植被資源受到破壞，水泥等來源也需龐大的能源供給，公路所經(jīng)之地植被不能生長。公路的建設過程中，各項施工活動、建筑原材料裝卸、運輸、存放等不可避免地對周圍環(huán)境造成影響，包括粉塵、噪音、廢氣、污水等。其中以粉塵和噪音污染為最。

2.1公路建設主要污染來源

2.1.1公路建設產(chǎn)生的氣體污染

（1）土、石方的挖掘、堆放、清運、回填和場地平整等過程產(chǎn)生的粉塵；

（2）建筑材料如水泥、白灰、砂子、瀝青以及土、石方等在其裝卸、運輸、堆放等過程中，因風力作用而產(chǎn)生的揚塵污染；

（3）攪拌車輛及運輸車輛往來造成地面揚塵；

（4）施工垃圾堆放及清運過程中產(chǎn)生揚塵；

（5）施工機械驅(qū)動設備、瀝青燃燒產(chǎn)生的廢氣；（6）運輸及施工車輛在施工場地工作所排放的廢氣；

（7）施工隊伍因生活需要使用燃料，產(chǎn)生的少量大氣污染物。

2.1.2公路建設施工噪聲主要來源

運輸車輛和各種施工機械如打樁機、挖掘機、裝載機、混凝土攪拌機、運輸車輛、水穩(wěn)拌合站、瀝青拌合站等都是主要的噪聲源。在施工過程中，往往是多臺機器設備共同協(xié)作，根據(jù)相關(guān)資料顯示，當聲音疊加時，可產(chǎn)生聲波共振效果，輻射范圍更廣，沿途車輛行駛也可造成噪聲疊加。

2.1.3公路建設過程中污水主要來源

施工過程中產(chǎn)生的廢水主要有施工廢水和生活廢水兩個來源。施工時的污水外泄，施工器械的的清理等，同時施工人員生活用水也排放到環(huán)境中，給環(huán)境造成一定污染。

2.1.4公路建設過程中對環(huán)境的其他影響

在施工過程中，排放施工廢氣，同時，瀝青，柴油，汽油，涂料等會使當?shù)乜諝猓w，土壤造成化學污染。此外，公路建設可能占用根地，穿越植被等。

2.1.5公路建設過程中減輕環(huán)境污染的相關(guān)建議（1）原料來源

土石等可取工業(yè)廢料，如建筑廢料，也可去河流泥沙，即可對建筑造成廢物進行處理，也可疏通河流。（2）減少廢物排放

施工器械使用新型機器設備，使用新型燃料，對燃料進行高效利用及其減少廢物的排放。同時施工人員生活廢物正確處理。（3）化學藥品消除污染（4）使用微生物降解污染

2.2農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護

伴隨農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展與進步，農(nóng)村環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)破壞也在加劇。無論是面源污染、點源污染，還是生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞，都已成為影響農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟持續(xù)發(fā)展、制約城鄉(xiāng)一體化進程的嚴重障礙。

2.2.1城鄉(xiāng)一體化進程對于生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的新要求

城鄉(xiāng)一體化是我國城市和農(nóng)村發(fā)展的趨勢，包括以下幾點：（1）城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境保護重視程度一體化。

（2）城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境保護管理體制一體化，即管理體制的設計一體化（針對城市和農(nóng)村的不同特點完善相應的環(huán)境管理體制）和保障體系一體化（對城市和農(nóng)村的環(huán)保投入實現(xiàn)均等）。

（3）城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境保護法制建設一體化，即城市和農(nóng)村環(huán)保工作同樣有法可依。服務于城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境保護法制建設的平等化，必須根據(jù)農(nóng)村環(huán)保的特點，制定專門的農(nóng)村環(huán)保基本法，修訂與完善農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護的法律法規(guī)體系。

2.2.2農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護中政府的作用

政府職能決定了在農(nóng)村環(huán)境保護中得主導做用，資源的優(yōu)勢分配，發(fā)展方向，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)等都需要政府指導作用?？烧谥笇Чぷ髦幸灿幸恍┤毕荩?/p>

（1）政府對農(nóng)村環(huán)保意識缺乏。現(xiàn)在政府部門主要以經(jīng)濟發(fā)展為戰(zhàn)略核心，對農(nóng)村環(huán)境缺乏戰(zhàn)略性，長期性的考慮；

（2）農(nóng)村環(huán)境保護體制欠缺科學性。環(huán)境保護中強調(diào)政府作用，忽視群眾參與，不利于公民環(huán)保意識的培養(yǎng)；

（3）缺乏有效的環(huán)境保護相關(guān)法律法規(guī)對農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護?，F(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)其實農(nóng)村環(huán)保，雖有部分條例，但缺乏針對性和可行性，一些重要領(lǐng)域還處在空白。

2.2.3農(nóng)村生態(tài)環(huán)境保護辦法和建議

（1）制定與完善農(nóng)村環(huán)保法律體制。結(jié)合農(nóng)村實際情況，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護相結(jié)合；

（2）建立農(nóng)村環(huán)境保護管理制度及部門，以科學發(fā)展觀為指導思想，指導農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展；

（3）加大農(nóng)村環(huán)?；鹜度?，改善農(nóng)村環(huán)境狀況；

（4）加強環(huán)保意識教育，使群眾對環(huán)境保護有所認知，有所重視。

2.3林業(yè)生態(tài)保護及經(jīng)濟發(fā)展

在我國社會和國民經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展的同時，我國生態(tài)環(huán)境呈幾何速度惡化，自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)被污染和嚴重過度索取,大量自然資源都面臨著短缺和后續(xù)乏力,其中林業(yè)資源也是其中之一。作為可再生資源的林業(yè)，由于缺乏科學、合理的開發(fā)，使得現(xiàn)目前我國森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化速度過快，總體惡化，林業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境建設的主體缺位、供體錯位,載體即林地和林木發(fā)展跟不上經(jīng)濟發(fā)展需求。林業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化造成了每年數(shù)百億的經(jīng)濟損失,傳統(tǒng)的林業(yè)經(jīng)濟模式已經(jīng)無法適用于現(xiàn)代社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，改變勢在必行。林業(yè)是以森林為主的資源，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)復雜，是地球生態(tài)環(huán)境的重要組成，對地球環(huán)境起到不可替代的作用，當前社會林業(yè)的開發(fā)利用必須重視。

2.3.1林業(yè)保護在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的意義

大陸的很多產(chǎn)業(yè)以林業(yè)為依托，林業(yè)資源的充足與否直接關(guān)系到經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展速度，尤其現(xiàn)在提倡環(huán)境保護與經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，產(chǎn)業(yè)綠色化，越來越突出林業(yè)在經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中的重要作用。在很多產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展中，環(huán)境保護的好壞已經(jīng)成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的標志。環(huán)境是人類賴以生存的家園，如果一味的謀求發(fā)展而忽略環(huán)境問題，這是不允許的。以其先污染，后治理，不如邊保護，邊發(fā)展。太多事實表明，環(huán)境污染的后果是沉重的，經(jīng)濟難以彌補。所以，在發(fā)展中，應力求經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境先協(xié)調(diào)，相互促進。

2.3.2林業(yè)保護相關(guān)建議

（1）提高林業(yè)的經(jīng)濟功能，完善林業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，可以經(jīng)濟作物為主；（2）提高林農(nóng)對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和林業(yè)的認知，進行相關(guān)知識教育；（3）建立林業(yè)要素市場，使林業(yè)生產(chǎn)資源得到充分利用；

（4）可促進林業(yè)旅游資源的開發(fā)；（5）促進林業(yè)副產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)業(yè)的開發(fā)；（6）使林業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境保護形成產(chǎn)業(yè)；

（7）提高森林覆蓋率，實現(xiàn)工業(yè)園區(qū)和園林城市協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

2.4水資源利用與保護

水是人類賴以生存的最基本的物質(zhì)基礎。地球為人類及動植物提供了豐富的水資源，在水環(huán)境的作用下，又為人類及自然界提供生存繁衍的生物鏈，維持著人類及自然界的生存與發(fā)展。人類為了自身的生存與發(fā)展，利用先進的科學技術(shù),大量地開發(fā)利用水資源，致使水環(huán)境遭到嚴重地破壞，由于工業(yè)用水量的大量增長，農(nóng)業(yè)用水量的大量增加，城市人口的增多，造成了水資源的嚴重不足。特別是在國民經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展的今天，工業(yè)廢水、城市污水的大量排放,致使江、河、湖、泊的水質(zhì)發(fā)生了改變,乃至造成水質(zhì)污染，水環(huán)境受到了嚴重破壞。已報道的永定河的污染、太湖的綠藻、沿海的赤潮就是不合理的開發(fā)利用水資源給人類的警示。水資源水環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)引起了各級政府的高度重視，開展水資源、水環(huán)境的研究十分必要。

2.4.1水資源保護中遇到的問題

（1）區(qū)域與流域問題。在一個流域內(nèi)的水資源水環(huán)境是相互聯(lián)系的統(tǒng)一體，當上游的水資源受到污染時，下游也會受到污染。因此在治理水污染時我們應該源頭治理。（2）水質(zhì)與水量問題。工業(yè)廢水，生產(chǎn)廢水，生活用水的排放，造成水質(zhì)下降，出現(xiàn)諸多問題，如富營養(yǎng)化，酸化，堿化等。

（3）地表水與地下水問題。水資源水環(huán)境根據(jù)來源可分為地表水與地下水2個單元，在一定條件下又是聯(lián)通的?？僧?shù)乇硭艿轿廴緯r，也會影響地下水的質(zhì)量，且地下水難以得到有效的治理。2.4.2 在我們所關(guān)注的水資源和水環(huán)境中，一般偏重于海洋河的水資源水環(huán)境的狀況。如從相關(guān)部門的水資源公報和水質(zhì)簡報獲取的信息看，可以了解和掌握海洋河的水資源短缺的現(xiàn)狀和水環(huán)境發(fā)生變化的情況，同時引起相關(guān)部門的重視,以致增加水資源量的措施和改善水環(huán)境的建議，但是卻很少涉及內(nèi)陸河，這是水資源保持工作的一個盲區(qū)，從現(xiàn)在各地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展來說，在內(nèi)地環(huán)境保護相對嚴格的情況下，一些污染嚴重的小廠礦企業(yè)已經(jīng)向邊遠和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展相對較弱的區(qū)域進軍，從地域上看,這些區(qū)域多數(shù)是人口相對較少的邊遠地區(qū)的內(nèi)陸河區(qū)域，這應該引起我們的高度注意。同時,對于內(nèi)陸河流域中的河流及湖泊由于水資源的偏少，水體交換能力低，一旦受到污染，其后果是相當嚴重的。因此，在重視水資源水環(huán)境保護和管理的過程中，更應特別關(guān)注內(nèi)陸河流域的水資源水環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢，防止出現(xiàn)先污染后治理的狀況。再者，為

了加強內(nèi)流河的管理及提高內(nèi)流河區(qū)域的生態(tài)環(huán)境，可以考慮從外流河調(diào)水至內(nèi)流河來，從而改善內(nèi)流河區(qū)域水資源量不足的缺陷。

2.5低碳經(jīng)濟與環(huán)境保護

當今世界，我們的環(huán)境正面臨著許多嚴峻的問題，比如氣候變暖，空氣和水資源污染，以及對自然資源日益增長的需求。低碳經(jīng)濟的概念應運而生。低碳環(huán)保已經(jīng)成為人類可持續(xù)發(fā)展的核心共識，這就充分體現(xiàn)了人類對環(huán)境問題的重視，關(guān)注低能耗、低排放、低污染的生態(tài)需求。2.5.1環(huán)境保護和低碳經(jīng)濟的關(guān)系

低碳經(jīng)濟這一概念的首次提出是在2003年，尼古拉斯·斯特恩向英國政府提交《氣候變化的經(jīng)濟學：斯特恩報告》，從氣候?qū)W的角度對當前經(jīng)濟進行分析，并首次提出了低碳經(jīng)濟的概念。國際社會對于溫室氣體減排和全球氣候變化的關(guān)注，催生了時下逐漸流行的低碳經(jīng)濟概念。自2003年英國能源白皮書《我們能源的未來：創(chuàng)建低碳經(jīng)濟》發(fā)表以來，為應對全球氣候變化而發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟逐步成為一些國家的一項重要經(jīng)濟政策。2008年的世界環(huán)境日主題確定為“轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)觀念，推行低碳經(jīng)濟”，更加引起了世界各國的關(guān)注。低碳經(jīng)濟以低能耗、低排放、低污染為基本特征，以應對碳基能源對于氣候變暖影響為基本要求，以實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟社會的可持續(xù)發(fā)展為基本目的。低碳經(jīng)濟的實質(zhì)在于提升能效技術(shù)、節(jié)能技術(shù)、可再生能源技術(shù)和溫室氣體減排技術(shù)，促進產(chǎn)品的低碳開發(fā)和維持全球的生態(tài)平衡。這是從高碳能源時代向低碳能源時代演化的一種經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式。2.5.2我國低碳經(jīng)濟建設中的問題

領(lǐng)域取得了一定成就，發(fā)展中國家也開始推進低碳經(jīng)濟建設。總體來說，我國的低碳經(jīng)濟仍處于起步階段，作為一個發(fā)展中大國，在低碳經(jīng)濟建設過程中，依然存在著諸多的問題和挑戰(zhàn)。

（1）能源消耗持續(xù)增加。我國正處在現(xiàn)代化、工業(yè)化進程中，穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展是我國經(jīng)濟建設的首要任務。而能源的持續(xù)供應與消費是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的必需推動力。能源、鋼鐵、汽車、交通、建材、化工等六大高耗能產(chǎn)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展，使得我國的高碳經(jīng)濟狀態(tài)仍然比較突出和明顯。

（2）我國的資源儲備決定了碳的高排放量。作為一個富煤貧油少氣的國家，我國煤炭的比重占70%以上，而在各種能源中，煤炭含有最高的碳含量，因此我國二氧化碳排放強度和數(shù)量也相對較高，比世界平均水平高出30%以上。（3）產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)阻礙低碳經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。目前我國三大產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)比例為1：5：4，第二產(chǎn)業(yè)仍然是主體產(chǎn)業(yè)，這在很大程度上是由我國在國際貿(mào)易分工中的地位決定的，而我國目前又處于以高能耗為特征的工業(yè)化、現(xiàn)代化進程中。世界大部分

產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端產(chǎn)品都是在我國制造完成的，這就決定了我國需要消耗大量基礎原材料，即煤炭、石油等高碳能源。

（4）低碳技術(shù)水平低下。低碳技術(shù)主要包括可再生能源技術(shù)、節(jié)能減排技術(shù)和碳捕獲與封存技術(shù)等。聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署《2010年中國人類發(fā)展報告》指出，中國實現(xiàn)未來低碳產(chǎn)業(yè)的目標，至少需要60種骨干技術(shù)支持，其中有42種是中國目前沒有掌握的核心技術(shù)?？梢钥闯?，當前我國在低碳領(lǐng)域的整體技術(shù)水平還存在嚴重的落后性。

2.5.3在我國發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟的應對措施（1）加快改革

我國處于工業(yè)化、城市化、現(xiàn)代化進程中，工業(yè)所占比重過大在所難免，但是在經(jīng)濟建設過程中不能一味偏向工業(yè)的發(fā)展規(guī)模，而忽視了農(nóng)業(yè)和服務業(yè)的發(fā)展。我國在建設低碳社會的過程中，應該從國家戰(zhàn)略的高度統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，積極進行產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級，從而制定完善的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級和改造計劃。（2）提高能源利用效率

我國在低碳技術(shù)方面落后也世界平均水平，而在國際大環(huán)境下，低碳發(fā)展利國利民，開發(fā)能源利用新技術(shù)，高效利用資源有利于國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，也有利于環(huán)境的保護。（4）加強低碳技術(shù)的研究與創(chuàng)新

現(xiàn)在我國低碳技術(shù)相對落后，在此可加強與其他國家的合作，提高能源利用技術(shù)。

2.6生物技術(shù)在環(huán)境保護中的一些應用

生物技術(shù)在處理環(huán)境污染物方面具有速度快、消耗低、效率高、成本低、反應條件溫和以及無二次污染 等顯著優(yōu)點。隨著生物技術(shù)研究的進展和人們對環(huán)境問題認識的深入，人們已越來越意識到，現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為從根本上解決環(huán)境問題提供了希望。

2.6.1現(xiàn)代生物技術(shù)與環(huán)境保護

（1）生物技術(shù)處理垃圾廢棄物是降解破壞污染物的分子結(jié)構(gòu)，降解的產(chǎn)物以及副產(chǎn)物，大都是可以被生物重新利用的，有助于把人類活動產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境污染減輕到最小程度，這樣既做到一勞永逸，不留下長期污染問題,同時也對垃圾廢棄物進行了資源化利用。

（2）利用發(fā)酵工程技術(shù)處理污染物質(zhì)，最終轉(zhuǎn)化產(chǎn)物大都是無毒無害的穩(wěn)定物質(zhì)，如二氧化碳、水、氮氣和甲烷氣體等，常常是一步到位，避免污染物的多次轉(zhuǎn)移而造成重復污染，因此生物技術(shù)是一種既安全又徹底消除污染的手段。

（3）生物技術(shù)是以酶促反應為基礎的生物化學過程，而作為生物催化劑的酶是一種

活性蛋白質(zhì)，其反應過程是在常溫常壓和接近中性的條件下進行的，所以大多數(shù)生物治理技術(shù)可以就地實施，而且不影響其他作業(yè)的正常進行，與常常需要高溫高壓的化工過程比較，反應條件大大簡化，具有設備簡單、成本低廉、效果好、過程穩(wěn)定、操作簡便等優(yōu)點。

2.6.2生物技術(shù)在環(huán)境保護中的應用（1）污水的生物凈化

污水中的有毒物質(zhì)的成分十分復雜，包括各種酚類、氰化物、重金屬、有機磷、有機汞、有機酸、醛、醇及蛋白質(zhì)等等。微生物通過自身的生命活動可以解除污水的毒害作用，從而使污水中的有毒物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為有益的無毒物質(zhì)，使污水得到凈化。（2）生物農(nóng)藥

化學農(nóng)藥的應用，對控制農(nóng)作物的病蟲害，增加農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量起了重要作用，但對人類的健康和生存環(huán)境卻構(gòu)成了很大的威脅。而生物農(nóng)藥卻可解決這個難題。所謂生物農(nóng)藥是指由生物體產(chǎn)生的具有防止病蟲害和除雜草等功能的一大類物質(zhì)總稱，它們多是生物體的代謝產(chǎn)物，主要包括微生物殺蟲劑、農(nóng)用抗生素制劑和微生物除草劑等。微生物殺蟲劑，主要包括病毒殺蟲劑、細菌殺蟲劑、真菌殺蟲劑、放線菌殺蟲劑等。長期以來并沒有得到廣泛的使用。

結(jié)論：環(huán)境保護不僅是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的要求，同時也是為造福子孫后代，為后代留下賴以生存的環(huán)境。在經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展的今天，不能也為發(fā)展經(jīng)濟而忽略環(huán)境影響，我們要以科學發(fā)展觀為理論指導，環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展。大量的事實證明，先發(fā)展后治理是錯的，邊發(fā)展，邊杜絕污染才是當今社會的要求。發(fā)展是人類社會的永恒主題，是人類不斷否定過去和追求自我完善的過程，是現(xiàn)代人應有的自覺意識。科學的發(fā)展是以經(jīng)濟建設為中心、經(jīng)濟政治文化社會相協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展，是促進人與自然和諧的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。在有理論指導的基礎山，產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化至關(guān)重要，同時，應該注重生物資源的合理開發(fā)利用，確?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展要求。生物技術(shù)的發(fā)展，為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和環(huán)境保護提出了捷徑，因此，生物技術(shù)的發(fā)展不僅是科學研究的要求，也成為經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的要求。

致謝：

首先，感謝在日常生活和學習中指導和教育我的老師，不僅僅給我承受專業(yè)知識，同時教會了我許多生活的道理；其次，感謝我的同學和朋友，是你們在我困難時幫助了我，在困惑時指導了我，身邊有你們一群人，很幸運；還要感謝偉大的學者們，是你們給我提供了豐富的科學資料，提供我學習，滿足我的求知。

參考文獻：

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