第一篇：一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別

一、現(xiàn)在完成時

1.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成：助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞。助動詞說明該謂語是屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。

2.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某時發(fā)生的行為對主語目前產(chǎn)生的影響。即用過去發(fā)生的某個行為來說明現(xiàn)在的某種情況。

We are good friends.(現(xiàn)在的情況）I knew him in 1997.（過去的動作）

We have known each other since 1997.（現(xiàn)在完成時把過去的動作和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來并著眼于現(xiàn)在）

（1）表完成和結(jié)果：動作發(fā)生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如：-Have you had lunch yet?

在我不餓了）

（2）表持續(xù)：從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時間的狀語。

如：He has taught here since 1981.（可能還要繼續(xù)教）

（3）表經(jīng)驗：說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice, ever,never, three times等時間狀語。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last

Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。

a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑問句中。

如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。

b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未”等。

如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎？

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。

c.用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。

例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見

過。

He has been there three times the last few days.近幾天他去過那里三次了。

d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如：now, today, this morning(month, year, term)等。

例如：-Have you met him today?-No, I haven't.今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。

How many times have you been there this year?今年你去過那里多少次？

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時間”的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時

刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come, arrive, buy等

短暫性動詞不能與表示“一段時間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為延續(xù)性動詞來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由

短暫性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：

arrive →be herebegin(start)→be ondie →be deadcome back →be back

leave →be awayfall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick, asleep)get up →be up1-Yes, I have.I've just had it.（現(xiàn)

go out →be outfinish →be overput on →wear 或be onopen→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of?close →be closedgo to school →be a student

borrow →keepbuy→havecatch(a cold)→have(a cold)get to know →know

begin to study →studycome to work →work等

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。

4.幾點注意事項

（1）have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）；have

gone(to)表示去某地了（說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩

次。He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。

（2）如單純表示一段時間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。

如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for two years.他父親去

世已有兩年了。

（3）短暫性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語

連用。

如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。

(4)表示行為或狀態(tài)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在時，用現(xiàn)在完成時，要加表示一段時間的時間狀語時，常

用 for＋一段時間, since＋時間點，since+一段時間+ago.如：I have lived here since my childhood.我從小就一直住在這里。

(5)在提問現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語時通常用 how long。如：How long have you lived here?

注意：在表示某一行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)多長時間時，根據(jù)終止時間的不同，時態(tài)使用是不一樣的。如：

I lived here for a week last summer.去年夏天我在這里住了一周。

I have lived here for a week by now.到現(xiàn)在為止，我已經(jīng)在這里住了一周。

I will live here for a week next year.明年我會在這里住一周。

二、現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；而一般過去時表示過去的事實，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。

I have just been to London.I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，是上個月去的。

1.過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)

過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。

2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week，?ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間

狀語

共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in

past years, always,3.現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, work, study,know.過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了。She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了。

---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?---He's already been sent for.句中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）時，要用過去時。

（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.三、練習(xí)題

1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday.I _______ it on.It fits me well.A.had made?have triedB.made?have triedC.has made?triedD.made?tried“He ____to draw horses already”.“When ______ he ?” “ Last year “

A.learned?hasB.learned?didC.has learned?hasD.has learned?did

3.Tom _____up into the tree.Look, he ____ high up there!

A.has got?isB.has climbed?wasC.got ?wasD.climbed?is

4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.A.Did?copy?didB.Have?copied?haveC.Have?copied?didD.Did ?copy?had

5.“Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now.”

A.did?get?shoutedB.has?got?shoutedC.did?get?has shoutedD.has?got?has shouted

6.______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?

A.Have ?seen?did?see

C.Have?seen?have?seenB.Did ?see?did?watchD.Did ?see?have?seen

7.You ____ me waiting for two hours.I ____ for you since five.A.kept?waitedB.have kept?waitedC.kept?have waitedD.have kept?have waited

8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library.He _________ there for an hour.A.has?been?has gone B.has?gone?has beenC.did?go?wentD.did?be?went

9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.A.Has?cried?has stoppedB.Is?crying?stopped

C.Did ?cry?stoppedD.Is?crying?has stopped

10.I _______ the way.I ________ here for quite many years.A.knew?have livedB.knew?liveC.know?have livedD.know?live

11._____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.A.Have?gone toB.Have?gone inC.Have?been toD.Have ?been in

12.My brother ____college for over three years.A.has gone toB.has been toC.has been inD.has been at

13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989.He ______ in the army since then.A.joined?isB.has joined?has beenC.had joined?isD.had joined ?has been

14.By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.A.came?have sentB.came?had sentC.come?have sentD.had come?sent

15.Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o’clock.Then he ____ a rest.A.went?tookB.went?had takenC.had gone?tookD.had gone?had taken

16.We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.A.had found?had beenB.had found?wasC.found?had beenD.found?was

17.Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.A.reaches?has got B.reached?had gotC.reached?gotD.had reached?got

18.I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.A.wrote?heardB.wrote?had heardC.had written?heardD.have written?hear

19.People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting.A.say?had stoppedB.said?has stoppedC.say?stoppedD.said?had stopped

20.We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.A.didn’t get?had hadB.got?had hadC.had got?had hadD.got?hadn’t had

21.They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.A.flew?arrivedB.had flown?had arrivedC.flew?had arrivedD.had flown?arrived

22.She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day.A.says?has rainedB.says?had rainedC.said?had rainedD.said?rained

23.John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.A.had worked?knewB.had worked?had knownC.worked?knewD.worked?had known

24.He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time.A.had got?had waitedB.got?waitedC.had got?waitedD.got?had waited

25.-I have seen the film “Titanic” already.-When __________ you __________ it？-The day before yesterday.A.have； seenB.will； seeC.did； seeD.did； seen

26.Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.A.livedB.has livedC.livesD.is going to live

27.We ____________ trees last Sunday.So far we __________ over 3，000 trees there.A.planted； plantedB.planted； have plantedC.have planted； plantedD.have planted； have planted

28.—I’m sorry, Cathy, I ______ your radio for such a long time.—Never mind.A.have borrowedB.have lentC.have keptD.have returned

29.—Where have you ______ these days?—I have ______ to Yangzhou with my friends.A.been, goneB.been, beenC.gone, beenD.gone, gone

30.—Where is your father? We haven’t seen each other for weeks.—______.A.He has been to America

B.He has gone to EnglandD.He would visit my grandparentsC.He is going to Australia

31.They have ______ since the factory opened.A.left the schoolB.joined the teamC.become workersD.worked here

32.Jim ______ the Great Wall many times.A.went toB.goes toC.has gone toD.has been to

33.It ______ ten years since they ______ to France.A.was, movedB.was, have movedC.is, have movedD.is, moved

34.—______ to the United States?—No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have you beenB.Have you goneC.Did you goD.Will you go

35.I won’t go to see the film tonight because I ______ my ticket.A.didn’t loseB.have lostC.will loseD.didn’t have

36.Miss Wu has taught in this school ______.A.for ten yearsB.ten years agoC.since ten yearsD.for ten years ago

37.I ______ today’s homework already.What about you?

A.have finishedB.finishC.to finishD.finishing

38.—Ann has gone to Shanghai.—So ______ her parents.A.hasB.hadC.didD.have

第二篇：一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別專題

一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時區(qū)別專題

一、現(xiàn)在完成時

1.現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。

2.現(xiàn)在完成時的用法

現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某時發(fā)生的行為對主語目前產(chǎn)生的影響。即用過去發(fā)生的某個行為來說明現(xiàn)在的某種情況。We are good friends.(現(xiàn)在的情況）

I knew him in 1997.（過去的動作）

We have known each other since 1997.（現(xiàn)在完成時把過去的動作和現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來并著眼于現(xiàn)在）

（1）表示動作發(fā)生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。-Have you had lunch yet?

-Yes, I have.I've just had it.你（已經(jīng)）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現(xiàn)在我不餓了）

（2）表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時間的狀語。

如：He has taught here since 1981

他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續(xù)教）

I haven't seen her for four years.我有四年沒見到她了。

（3）表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時間狀語。

如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍，故不能和過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時，可以和一些表示不確定的時間狀語連用。

a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑問句中。

如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。

b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。

如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎？

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。

c.用表示到說話為止的過去時間狀語，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。

例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。

He has been there three times the last few days.近幾天他去過那里三次了。

d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時間狀語，如：now, today, this morning(month, year, term)等。

例如：-Have you met him today?-No, I haven't.今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。

How many times have you been there this year?

今年你去過那里多少次？

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時間”的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come,arrive,buy等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“be（在）”等延續(xù)性動詞來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：

arrive→be herebegin(start)→be on

die→be deadcome back→be back

leave →be awayfall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)

get up→be upgo out→be out

finish →be overput on→wear 或be on

open→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of…

close→be closedgo to school→be a student

borrow→keepbuy→have

catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know

begin to study→studycome to work→work等

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。

We have studied English for three years.我們（開始）學(xué)英語已三年了。

4.幾點注意事項

（1）have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never, several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次。

He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。

（2）如單純表示一段時間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時。

如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有兩年了。（3）終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。(4)表示行為或狀態(tài)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在時，用現(xiàn)在完成時，要加表示一段時間的時間狀語時，常用 for＋一段時間, since＋時間點。

I have lived here since my childhood.我從小就一直住在這里。

I have lived here for 10 years.我在這已經(jīng)住了10年了。

(5)在提問現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語時通常用 how long

How long have you lived here?

注意：在表示某一行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)多長時間時，根據(jù)終止時間的不同，時態(tài)使用是不一樣的。如：

I lived here for a week last summer.去年夏天我在這里住了一周。

I have lived here for a week by now.到現(xiàn)在為止，我已經(jīng)在這里住了一周。

I will live here for a week next year.明年我會在這里住一周。

二、現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去，但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；而一般過去時表示過去的事實，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。

I have just been to London.I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^倫敦，是上個月去的。

1.過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作；現(xiàn)在完成時為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。

2.過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。

一般過去時的時間狀語:

yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語

共同的時間狀語:

this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately

現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,3.現(xiàn)在完成時可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.過去時常用的非持續(xù)性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。舉例：I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。）I have seen this film.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）

Why did you get up so early?（強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動作已發(fā)生過了。）

Who hasn't handed in his paper?（強(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）

She has returned from Paris.她已從巴黎回來了。

She returned yesterday.她是昨天回來了。

He has been in the League for three years.(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))

He has been a League member for three years.(是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))

He joined the League three years ago.(三年前入團(tuán)，joined為短暫行為。)

I have finished my homework now.---Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

---He's already been sent for.句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時。（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.三、練習(xí)題

1.A.用 already或 yet

1)Have they taken down the old pictures ___yet___? No, not ___haven’t_______.2)Most of us have finished our compositions _____阿拉ready___

3)He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition _____yet___.B.用 since或 for

1)We have learned five lessons __scince____ the beginning of this term.2)Mrs Liao has been in hospital ___scince___last week.3)I have stayed at my aunt’s _____two weeks.C.用have gone或 have been

1)Where are the boy students ? They _____ to the school factory.2)Is your father in ? No, he ____ to Shenzhen._______he ever ______ there before ? Yes, he ___ there several times

3)He asked me if I_____ to Hangzhou before.I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I ____ never ____ to that city before.2.選擇填空

1.Mother ____me a new coat yesterday.I _______ it on.It fits me well.A.had made…h(huán)ave triedB.made…h(huán)ave triedC.has made…triedD.made…tried“He ____to draw horses already”.“When ______ he ?” “ Last year “

A.learned…h(huán)asB.learned…didC.has learned…h(huán)asD.has learned…did

3.Tom _____up into the tree.Look, he ____ high up there!

A.has got…isB.has climbed…wasC.got …wasD.climbed…is

4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.A.Did…copy…didB.Have…copied…h(huán)aveC.Have…copied…didD.Did …copy…h(huán)ad

5.“Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now.”

A.did…get…shoutedB.has…got…shouted

C.did…get…h(huán)as shoutedD.has…got…h(huán)as shouted

6.______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?

A.Have …seen…did…seeB.Did …see…did…watch

C.Have…seen…h(huán)ave…seenD.Did …see…h(huán)ave…seen

7.You ____ me waiting for two hours.I ____ for you since five.A.kept…waitedB.have kept…waitedC.kept…h(huán)ave waited D.have kept…h(huán)ave waited

8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library.He _________ there for an hour.A.has…been…h(huán)as gone B.has…gone…h(huán)as beenC.did…go…wentD.did…be…went 9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.A.Has…cried…h(huán)as stoppedB.Is…crying…stoppedC.Did …cry…stoppedD.Is…crying…h(huán)as stopped

10.I _______ the way.I ________ here for quite many years.A.knew…h(huán)ave livedC.knew…liveC.know…h(huán)ave livedD.know…live

11._____ you ever _____ America ? Yes, I have.A.Have…gone toB.Have…gone inC.Have…been toD.Have …been in

12.My brother ____college for over three years.A.has gone toB.has been toC.has been inD.has been at

13.He ________ the Army by the end of 1989.He ______ in the army since then.A.joined…isB.has joined…h(huán)as beenC.had joined…isD.had joined …h(huán)as been

14.By the time I _____ back they ____ up ten satellites.A.came…h(huán)ave sentB.came…h(huán)ad sentC.come…h(huán)ave sentD.had come…sent

15.Jack ____ over five lessons by seven o’clock.Then he ____ a rest.A.went…tookB.went…h(huán)ad takenC.had gone…tookD.had gone…h(huán)ad taken

16.We ____ out by that time that he ____ a spy for a long time.A.had found…h(huán)ad beenB.had found…wasC.found…h(huán)ad beenD.found…was

17.Before the news ____ him, he ____ to know about it.A.reaches…h(huán)as gotB.reached…h(huán)ad gotC.reached…gotD.had reached…got

18.I _____ him a second letter before I ____ from him.A.wrote…h(huán)eardB.wrote…h(huán)ad heardC.had written…h(huán)eardD.have written…h(huán)ear

19.People ____ that the soldiers _____ fighting.A.say…h(huán)ad stoppedB.said…h(huán)as stoppedC.say…stoppedD.said…h(huán)ad stopped 20.We ____ in a good harvest because we ____ enough rain.A.didn’t get…h(huán)ad hadB.got…h(huán)ad hadC.had got…h(huán)ad hadD.got…h(huán)adn’t had

21.They _______ for five hours when they ______ in New York.A.flew…arrivedB.had flown…h(huán)ad arrived

C.flew…h(huán)ad arrivedD.had flown…arrived

22.She ____ that it _____ for two days by that day.A.says…h(huán)as rainedB.says…h(huán)ad rainedC.said…h(huán)ad rainedD.said…rained

23.John _____ there since the year before, so he _____ them.A.had worked…knewB.had worked…h(huán)ad known

C.worked…knewD.worked…h(huán)ad known

24.He _____ angry because he ____ for a long time.A.had got…h(huán)ad waitedB.got…waitedC.had got…waitedD.got…h(huán)ad waited

25.-I have seen the film “Titanic” already.-When __________ you __________ it？

-The day before yesterday.A.have； seenB.will； seeC.did； seeD.did； seen

26.Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.A.livedB.has livedC.livesD.is going to live27.We ____________ trees last Sunday.So far we __________ over 3，000 trees there.A.planted； plantedB.planted； have plantedC.have planted； plantedD.have planted； have planted 練習(xí)答案：

1.A.1)already, yet2)already3)yet

B.1)since2)since3)since

C.1)have been2)has gone, Has, been, has been3)have been, have been

2.BDACAADBDCCDDBCABCDBDCADCBB

第三篇：現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，說話的側(cè)重點在于陳述一件過去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系，一般過去時通常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等

現(xiàn)在完成時表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動作，它不與表示過去的時間狀語（如yesterday , lastweek , amomentago等）連用。

現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語常有如下四類：

⑴現(xiàn)在完成時常與already（已經(jīng)），just（剛剛，正好），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來，也不；從不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等連用。

⑵現(xiàn)在完成時常與recently（近來），sofar（到目前為止），inthe past/“l(fā)ast + 一段時間”等時間狀語連用。因為上述短語表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時間，句中的動作是從過去某一時間或時刻開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。

⑶現(xiàn)在完成時時常與“for +時間段或since +過去時間點”連用（含從句，從句過去時）。

⑷現(xiàn)在完成時還與once（一次），twice（兩次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。

有時候是根據(jù)表時間的關(guān)鍵詞來判斷，如果沒有的話，就看是著重于問一個過去的事實還是表示強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)完成了對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生一定影響了這個事件。

你提出的問題：你還記得你上次去中國旅游是什么時候嗎？（它本身就是問現(xiàn)在是否記得嘛，所以說一般用一般現(xiàn)在時，不存在用過去式和完成式）

did you remember sth.表示你過去某個

時候記得/記起某件事沒有。have you remembered sth.表示你（已經(jīng)）記住了某件事沒有。

謂語動詞的構(gòu)成(1)一般過去時的謂語動詞用過去式，而現(xiàn)在完成時的謂語基本構(gòu)成是“助動詞have /has +過去分詞”。如：

看看以下的幾組句子，有什么區(qū)別？

① Have you seen the film?(A)

Did you see the film?(B)

[說明] 你看過這部電影嗎？(A)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是被問者對劇情是否了解；(B)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是看這部電影的動作是否發(fā)生過，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。

② How has he done it?(A)

How did he do it?(B)

[說明]他是怎么做的這件事？(A)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是他做這件事的方式對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了某種影響；(B)句單純的詢問做這件事的方式。

③ He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A)

He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)

[說明]他在北京住了8年。(A)句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會繼續(xù)在北京住下去。(B)句講的是他在北京住過8年，現(xiàn)在不在北京了。

第四篇：一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別。

一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時都是發(fā)生在過去的動作，但一般過去時就象used to do something 一樣，是過去曾經(jīng)做過某事，現(xiàn)在不這樣了,與現(xiàn)在毫無延續(xù)性，補(bǔ)做性，影響性，是完全無關(guān)系了。一般過去時是已有歷史定論的，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)的，已塵封的歷史往事，沒有重做，補(bǔ)做的可能或必要。而現(xiàn)在完成時則強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動作對現(xiàn)在有影響，如未完成時極需及時重做，補(bǔ)做。如“Have you had breakfast？Where did you have it？When did you have it ？”強(qiáng)調(diào)你現(xiàn)在是飽還是餓的狀態(tài)，如還沒吃早餐那在時間上還完全來得馬上去吃。詢問的時間肯定是中午十一點之前問的，十二點時就沒必要這樣問了。因為不可能補(bǔ)吃早餐了，可以吃中餐了啊。至于用Where，When來提問過去動作，有了吃早餐的時間和地點，那吃早餐就立刻成為確定塵封的歷史往事，肯定已經(jīng)吃過早餐，無所謂重吃，補(bǔ)吃，無所謂餓的影響了?！澳憧催^這部電影嗎？”，問你現(xiàn)在知道這電影的內(nèi)容嗎，可以和我交流對這電影的看法嗎？如你還沒看過可找時間去補(bǔ)看。這些都是現(xiàn)在完成時的特點。下面判別一下那一句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時，那一句應(yīng)用一般過去時？

1． 我明天去武漢，你去過武漢嗎？I am going to Wuhan，have you been to Wuhan？

（對現(xiàn)在有影響）

2． 范仲淹去過武漢嗎？（塵封的歷史往事，用過去式）did Fan go to Wuhan ？

3． 你學(xué)過鋼琴嗎？能彈一首曲給我聽嗎？Have you learned playing piano ？Can you

play some music for me ？（對現(xiàn)在有影響）

4． 你小時候?qū)W過鋼琴嗎？你在北京的時候去過長城嗎？（有確定時間，地點“小時

候”“在北京的時候”就肯定是塵封的確定的往事，純過去時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時。）

5． 老人家,你年輕時談過戀愛嗎?（有確定時間，地點“年輕時”“小時候”“在北

京的時候”就肯定是塵封的確定的往事，純過去時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時。）

6.你在偷笑,你一定是知道了什么我不知道的事情.You must have learned something that I haven‘tknown，for you are smilling in a strange way。（對現(xiàn)在有影響）

第五篇：一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時

一般過去時 與 現(xiàn)在完成時

▲側(cè)重點不同：

現(xiàn)在完成時側(cè)重于對現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果

一般過去時側(cè)重于動作發(fā)生在過去時間

▲時間狀語不同：

現(xiàn)在完成時already,yet,just,never,everbeforefor+時間段，since+時間點// 一般過去時句子一般過去時時間段+ago,just now,yesterday,last week 等表過去的時間狀語▲基本結(jié)構(gòu)不同：

一般過去時主語+ was/were//主語+ V.過去式現(xiàn)在完成時主語+ have/has+ P.P.