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      考研英語閱卷 高分策略

      時間:2019-05-11 23:49:43下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《考研英語閱卷 高分策略》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《考研英語閱卷 高分策略》。

      第一篇:考研英語閱卷 高分策略

      2005-2008年考研英語閱卷心得體會

      閱卷心得體會(2005-2008)

      (寫作:2小題,A節(jié)10分,B節(jié)20分,共30分。)(一)評分原則和方法

      1.雖然A、B兩節(jié)的考查要點有所不同(如下文所述),但對考生寫作能力的基本要求是相同的,所以一般評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對兩節(jié)都適用。但根據(jù)兩節(jié)不同的考查要點,評分時會有不同的側(cè)重點。

      A節(jié):應(yīng)用文的評分側(cè)重點在于信息點的覆蓋和內(nèi)容的組織、語言的準(zhǔn)確性、格式和語域的恰當(dāng)。對語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯多樣性的要求將根據(jù)具體試題作調(diào)整。允許在作文中使用提示語中出現(xiàn)過的關(guān)鍵詞,但使用提示語中出現(xiàn)過的詞組或句子將被扣分。

      B節(jié):評分重點在于內(nèi)容完整性、文章的組織連貫性、語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性及語言的準(zhǔn)確性。

      2.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來給分。評分人員在檔內(nèi)的1至3分間調(diào)節(jié)分?jǐn)?shù)。

      3.A節(jié)的字?jǐn)?shù)要求是100詞左右。B節(jié)的字?jǐn)?shù)要求是160~200詞。文章長度不符合要求的,酌情扣分。

      4.拼寫與標(biāo)點符號是語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個方面。評分時,視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。

      5.如書寫較差,影響交際,分?jǐn)?shù)將降低一個檔次。(二)一般評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

      第五檔A節(jié)(9-10分)B節(jié)(17-20分)很好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。包含所有的內(nèi)容要點;使用豐富的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;語言自然流暢,語法錯誤極少;有效地采用了多種銜接手法,文字連貫,層次清晰;格式與語域恰當(dāng)貼切。對目標(biāo)讀者完全產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。

      第四檔A節(jié)(7-8分)B節(jié)(13-16分)較好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。包含所有內(nèi)容要點,允許漏掉一兩個次重點;使用較豐富的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;語言基本準(zhǔn)確,只有在試圖使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯時才有個別錯誤;采用了適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址ǎ瑢哟吻逦?,組織較嚴(yán)密;格式與語域較恰當(dāng)。對目標(biāo)讀者產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第三檔A節(jié)(5-6分)B節(jié)(9-12分)基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。包含多數(shù)內(nèi)容要點;應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的需求;有一些語法及詞匯錯誤,但不影響理解;采用了簡單的銜接手法,內(nèi)容較連貫,層次較清晰;格式和語域基本合理。對目標(biāo)讀者基本產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。

      第二檔A節(jié)(3-4分)B節(jié)(5-8分)未能按要求完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。漏掉或未能有效闡述一些內(nèi)容要點,寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容;語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項目有限;有較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤,影響了對寫作內(nèi)容的理解;未采用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址?,?nèi)容缺少連貫性;格式和語域不恰當(dāng)。未能清楚地傳達信息給讀者。第一檔A節(jié)(1-2分)B節(jié)(1-4分)未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容,且有許多不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容;語法項目和詞匯的使用單調(diào)、重復(fù);語言錯誤多,有礙讀者對內(nèi)容的理解,語言運用能力差;未使用任何銜接手法,內(nèi)容不連貫,缺少組織、分段;無格式與語域概念。未能傳達信息給讀者。零檔(0分)所傳達的信息或所用語言太少,無法評價;內(nèi)容與要求無關(guān)或無法辨認(rèn)。從上述我們可以看出以下規(guī)律:

      對于A節(jié)和B節(jié),評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)只是在具體評分時側(cè)重點會稍有不同,其涵蓋了五個方面,依次為:a.信息點的覆蓋;b.語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性;c.語言的準(zhǔn)確性;d.文章的組織連貫性;e.格式與語域的恰當(dāng)。

      仔細比較我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),A節(jié)強調(diào)a、c、d、e四點,而B節(jié)強調(diào)a、b、c、d四點。下面我們逐一來談一下: a講信息點的覆蓋,即內(nèi)容的完整性,這一點極其關(guān)鍵。對于B節(jié)的大作文來說,長期以來都將要點在提綱中列出來,大多數(shù)時候采用了標(biāo)出1,2,3的方式,2005年雖然未標(biāo)出1,2,3,采用了描述的方式,但仍然包含三個要點。A節(jié)的小作文也會給出具體要包含的要點。特定的信函所包含的要點是相對固定的,我們在書中已經(jīng)告訴大家,萬一以后這部分不給出具體提綱,我們也應(yīng)該掌握正確的寫法。

      涵蓋要點是閱卷老師首先注意的問題,如果不能做到,扣分是非常嚴(yán)厲的,所以大家一定要先仔細審題。b,c談的都是語言,b說的是“得”,是語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性,是閃光點;c說的是“失”,是語言的準(zhǔn)確性,是避免犯錯誤。這里語言的得與失直接決定了我們的最終得分。由于A節(jié)的小作文篇幅短,所以不強調(diào)第二點。語言如果準(zhǔn)確程度高,即使簡單,也不會過多失分。在保證不多失分的前提下,我們應(yīng)多多創(chuàng)造閃光點,以求獲得高分。

      d談的是文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。這一點對于小作文來說要求較低;而對于大作文來說,成功的文章組織不僅包含清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)層次,還包含適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址ā?/p>

      e說的是格式和語域,這是A節(jié)關(guān)注的內(nèi)容。語域是指在書面和口語表達中根據(jù)不同的交際對象,所采用的話語方法,即正式、一般、非正式的話語。由于應(yīng)用文篇幅短,強調(diào)實現(xiàn)一定的功能,在日常工作和生活中使用頻率高,所以具有很強的規(guī)律性,特定的應(yīng)用文包括特定的要點。由于應(yīng)用文的性質(zhì)和寫作對象的不同,我們應(yīng)注意使用正確的格式和不同的語域。例如,寫信時不要把日期寫在信的結(jié)尾處;同樣是邀請信,邀請參加公司會議和家庭聚會所采用的語言的正式程度是不同的。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)既是考研英語大綱的一部分,又出現(xiàn)在考研英語試題參考答案和評分參考之中。該評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下發(fā)至各閱卷點之后,由各閱卷點進行進一步解釋。讓我們來看看考研英語寫作的原則、方法和評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn): 寫作:2小題,A節(jié)10分,B節(jié)20分,共30分。(一)評分原則和方法

      1.雖然A、B兩節(jié)的考查要點有所不同(如下文所述),但對考生寫作能力的基本要求是相同的,所以一般評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對兩節(jié)都適用。但根據(jù)兩節(jié)不同的考查要點,評分時會有不同的側(cè)重點。

      A節(jié):應(yīng)用文的評分側(cè)重點在于信息點的覆蓋和內(nèi)容的組織、語言的準(zhǔn)確性、格式和語域的恰當(dāng)。對語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯多樣性的要求將根據(jù)具體試題作調(diào)整。允許在作文中使用提示語中出現(xiàn)過的關(guān)鍵詞,但使用提示語中出現(xiàn)過的詞組或句子將被扣分。

      B節(jié):B節(jié)作文的評分重點在于內(nèi)容完整性、文章的組織連貫性、語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性及語言的準(zhǔn)確性。2.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言確定其所屬檔次,然后以該檔次的要求來給分。評分人員在檔內(nèi)的1~3分內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)分。

      3.A節(jié)作文的字?jǐn)?shù)要求是100詞左右。B節(jié)作文的字?jǐn)?shù)要求是160~200詞。文章長度不符合要求的,酌情扣分。4.拼寫與標(biāo)點符號是語言準(zhǔn)確性的一個方面。評分時,視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。

      5.如書寫較差,以致影響交際,將分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個檔次。(二)一般評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

      第五檔A節(jié)(9-10分)B節(jié)(17-20分)很好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)?!ぐ械膬?nèi)容要點;

      ·使用豐富的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯; ·語言自然流暢,語法錯誤極少;

      ·有效地采用了多種銜接手法,文字連貫,層次清晰; ·格式與語域恰當(dāng)貼切。

      對目標(biāo)讀者完全產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第四檔A節(jié)(7-8分)B節(jié)(13-16分)較好地完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。

      ·包含所有內(nèi)容要點,允許漏掉1、2個次重點; ·使用較豐富的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯;

      ·語言基本準(zhǔn)確,只有在試圖使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯時才有個別錯誤; ·采用了適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址?,層次清晰,組織較嚴(yán)密; ·格式與語域較恰當(dāng)。

      對目標(biāo)讀者產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第三檔A節(jié)(5-6分)B節(jié)(9-12分)基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。

      ·雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容,但包含多數(shù)內(nèi)容要點; ·應(yīng)用的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿足任務(wù)的需求; ·有一些語法及詞匯錯誤,但不影響理解;

      ·采用了簡單的銜接手法,內(nèi)容較連貫,層次較清晰; ·格式和語域基本合理。

      對目標(biāo)讀者基本產(chǎn)生了預(yù)期的效果。第二檔A節(jié)(3-4分)B節(jié)(5-8分)未能按要求完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。

      ·漏掉或未能有效闡述一些內(nèi)容要點,寫了一些無關(guān)內(nèi)容; ·語法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項目有限;

      ·有較多語法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯誤,影響了對寫作內(nèi)容的理解; ·未采用恰當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址?,?nèi)容缺少連貫性; ·格式和語域不恰當(dāng)。

      未能清楚地傳達信息給讀者。第一檔A節(jié)(1-2分)B節(jié)(1-4分)未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。

      ·明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容,且有許多不相關(guān)的內(nèi)容; ·語法項目和詞匯的使用單調(diào)、重復(fù);

      ·語言錯誤多,有礙讀者對內(nèi)容的理解,語言運用能力差; ·未使用任何銜接手法,內(nèi)容不連貫,缺少組織、分段; ·無格式與語域概念。未能傳達信息給讀者。零檔(0分)所傳達的信息或所用語言太少,無法評價;內(nèi)容與要求無關(guān)或無法辨認(rèn)。從上面的評分原則、方法和評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,我們可以看出以下規(guī)律:

      1.對于A節(jié)和B節(jié)的兩篇作文來說,評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基本相同,只是在具體評分時側(cè)重點會稍有不同。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共涵蓋了五個方面,依次為: a.信息點的覆蓋

      b.語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性 c.語言的準(zhǔn)確性 d.文章的組織連貫性 e.格式與語域的恰當(dāng)

      仔細比對,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),A節(jié)強調(diào)的是a、c、d、e四點,而B節(jié)強調(diào)的是a、b、c、d四點。下面我們逐一來談一下:

      第一點是信息點的覆蓋,即內(nèi)容的完整性,這一點是極其關(guān)鍵的。對于B節(jié)的大作文來說,長期以來都將要點在提綱中列出來,大多數(shù)時候采用了標(biāo)出1,2,3的方式,非常清晰。A節(jié)的小作文在至今均采用描述的方式,雖未標(biāo)出1,2,3,但也多能立即確定類型與相應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。

      涵蓋要點是閱卷老師首先注意的問題,如果不能做到,扣分是非常嚴(yán)厲的,所以大家一定要養(yǎng)成好的習(xí)慣,好好審題,仔細看清楚提綱再開始寫作。

      第二點和第三點談的都是語言,第二點說的是得,是語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的多樣性,是閃光點;第三點說的是失,是語言的準(zhǔn)確性,是避免犯錯誤。這里語言的得與失直接決定了我們的最終得分。由于A節(jié)的小作文篇幅短,所以不強調(diào)第二點。語言如果準(zhǔn)確程度高,即使語言簡單,也不會過多失分。在保證不多失分的前提下,我們多多創(chuàng)造閃光點,以求獲得高分。

      第四點談的是文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。這一點對于小作文來說要求是較低的,而對于大作文來說,成功的文章組織不僅包含清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)層次,還包含適當(dāng)?shù)你暯邮址ā?/p>

      第五點說的是格式和語域,這是A節(jié)關(guān)注的內(nèi)容。語域是指在書面和口語表達中根據(jù)不同的交際對象,所采用的話語方法,即正式、一般、非正式的話語。由于應(yīng)用文篇幅短,強調(diào)實現(xiàn)一定的功能,在日常工作和生活中使用頻率高,所以具有很強的規(guī)律性。這不僅體現(xiàn)在特定的應(yīng)用文包括特定的要點,也體現(xiàn)在格式和語域上。由于應(yīng)用文的性質(zhì)和寫作對象的不同,我們應(yīng)注意使用正確的格式和不同的語域。例如,寫信時不要把日期寫在信的結(jié)尾處;同樣是邀請信,邀請參加公司會議和家庭聚會所采用的語言的正式程度是不同的。上面我們談?wù)摰脑u分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是考研英語大綱的一部分,又出現(xiàn)在考研英語試題參考答案和評分參考之中。該評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下發(fā)至各閱卷點之后,由該閱卷點進行進一步解釋。小作文評分指令

      小作文的批改比較輕松。由于篇幅短,信函的性質(zhì)與要點均非常清晰,所以寫作相對比較容易。由于總分不高,所以如果出現(xiàn)格式錯誤,所扣的總分應(yīng)不超過一分。格式包括右上角的日期,這個日期可以不寫,但不能寫在后面。抬頭和最后的簽名應(yīng)該包含,Yours與下一行的署名如果緊靠左側(cè)來寫不扣分。一定要包含各個要點,如有遺漏,就一定會被扣分。

      在試卷上的指令中,要求該文章不少于100詞,而評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上則是100詞左右。最終確定該部分低于90詞要扣分。

      該文章共分五個檔次,實際操作中閱卷老師多將分?jǐn)?shù)打在三檔(5-6分)和四檔(7-8分)。小作文采用總體評分的原則,今年6分最多,其次是7分與5分。大作文評分指令

      大作文部分最重要的原則就是總體評分。大部分同學(xué)的分?jǐn)?shù)在10-15分,屬于三檔(9-12)和四檔(13-16)。05年上海市平均分較低,約在10分多一點。06年稍有提高。07年壓分嚴(yán)重。08年要求教師放松標(biāo)準(zhǔn),所以平均分又稍有提高。由于指令沒有要求,所以不寫英語標(biāo)題也可以,不扣分。但是寫錯了要扣分,這就很可惜了。如果跑題,也就是對主題的把握完全錯誤,扣分是非常嚴(yán)厲的。越是抽象的考題越容易跑題,如2007年真題。大作文字?jǐn)?shù)要求是160至200詞,低于160詞要扣分,具體做法是每少1-10詞扣一分,以此類推。字?jǐn)?shù)超出200詞不扣分。

      在實際的批改過程中,是按照總體的印象評分,換句話說,憑的是感覺。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中規(guī)定了內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)與語言諸方面,而實際批改中要將包含上述各方面的諸多因素綜合考慮。閱卷是一個動態(tài)過程,閱卷老師會先掛檔,再進行微調(diào)。

      實際批改過程中的體會

      從上海地區(qū)的閱卷情況來看,大家的寫作水平有穩(wěn)步提升,但是幅度并不明顯??陀^說來,考生的寫作水平還是較低的。英語考試要人工批閱閱讀C節(jié),也就是翻譯,以及兩篇作文。在實際操作的過程中,為了節(jié)省時間,每個大組通常分為翻譯小組和作文小組,而某一位同學(xué)的小作文和大作文很可能是同一個人批閱的。那么,閱卷老師很可能在兩篇作文之間建立關(guān)聯(lián),請大家切記。

      大作文的批改相對要難一些??梢钥闯觯蟛糠滞瑢W(xué)對于圖畫作文比較熟悉,都能嚴(yán)格按照提綱的三點來寫。比較可惜的是有的同學(xué)主題把握不準(zhǔn)確,得分很低。

      近年來的大作文非常玄妙,值得細品。首先,大作文可能正在經(jīng)歷由時事向哲理過渡的重大變革,這在2001年、2002年、2004年和2007年真題上表現(xiàn)得最為明顯。其次,出題人盡量用圖畫來表達意圖,而不借助或少借助圖中或圖旁的文字,這樣意義表達得會更深刻,對考生的思考力和判斷力的要求也就更高。第三,圖畫的含義深刻,可以接受的解釋也較多,但要想取得高分,必須緊扣圖畫,把握住其中的精髓,最深刻地表達出最核心的意義,如2001年圖畫中的“越??越??”結(jié)構(gòu)和2002年的“National and International(民族的才是世界的)”。最后,有的年度明確提出要舉例,如2004年和2007年的大作文。

      寫大作文時切記要扣緊主題,切不可離題太遠,導(dǎo)致最后回不來或?qū)懖煌?。各部分之間的比例應(yīng)適當(dāng),第一段不要太長。與主題相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語一定要用對。

      閱卷中一個很深的感受是,很多同學(xué)因為字?jǐn)?shù)不夠而被扣分,這非??上?。有的同學(xué)寫得非常不錯,如果正常發(fā)揮,把文章寫完,肯定能獲得很好的成績,可是由于時間安排不當(dāng)?shù)仍颍粚懥艘稽c或兩點,這就很吃虧了。原則上是少1-10字扣一分,但是字少就可能漏點,即三點只寫兩點或者一點。即使三部分都寫了,字少也不可能充分展開。大家切記:來改寫作的老師中有不少自己非常喜愛寫作,越是這樣的老師對字?jǐn)?shù)少扣分就越狠。一般說來,不到16行肯定要扣分。

      不僅字少會導(dǎo)致極其被動的局面,字寫得差或?qū)懙媚:彩侨绱?,有的同學(xué)長時間以來有不良的寫作習(xí)慣。沒有批改過作文的人可能永遠也想象不出看到快沒水的圓珠筆寫成的作文時那種痛苦的感受,或者看到寫一個詞點一點的作文時那種幾近瘋狂的感受。

      在實際批改過程中,真實批改的速度越快,批改的任務(wù)越重,對內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)注程度就越低,而對語言的關(guān)注程度越高。這也就是說,考生應(yīng)圍繞正確的主題來談,結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)包含各個要點,而對思想的深度與創(chuàng)新性不需著力太多。出色的銜接與連貫肯定是加分點,但一般考生難以做到。由于閱卷時間緊,任務(wù)重,所以不大可能做到雙人批改或一個人看兩遍,所以衡量考生水平的最重要尺度還是語言。

      這里面首先是減少語言錯誤,提高語言的準(zhǔn)確性。語言錯誤有許多種,有的是小錯誤,甚至可以忽略不計,而有些是大錯誤,是讓老師看到后不得不扣分的錯誤。另一方面就是增加閃光點,除了結(jié)構(gòu)清晰外,閃光點主要指好的詞、詞組或句型,一是使用恰當(dāng),二是要有變換。如果文章分為三段,那么起始段、結(jié)尾段和中間段落的開始部分都非常關(guān)鍵。對于背誦的好詞好句,一定要和具體的行文聯(lián)系起來,融入到文章中去,不僅要用對,還要用好,避免給人突兀的感覺。

      除了文章內(nèi)在的因素之外,外界的因素也對評分有影響。干凈整潔、字跡漂亮的文章肯定會比同樣內(nèi)容的亂涂亂畫的文章得分要高。大家在平時寫作時就應(yīng)養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣,將字寫清楚,寫整潔。

      近年的閱卷中發(fā)現(xiàn)有些考生有投機心理,結(jié)果卻很慘烈。在大作文中,切記千萬不要抄閱讀理解。有的同學(xué)將自己寫的部分與抄的閱讀部分間隔起來,看來早就有準(zhǔn)備的,但還是被發(fā)現(xiàn)了,得了很低的分?jǐn)?shù)。

      有的考生準(zhǔn)備了萬能模板,直接往上套,這樣的效果并不好。有一篇文章共寫了三段,只有第一段的第三句話是對圖畫的直接描述,是作者自己的。這樣的文章在前幾年還有可能被誤判為甚至平均的分?jǐn)?shù),但這兩年這種機率就小得多了。正如有的較為激進的閱卷老師所說,這些考生是想通過不誠實的手段得到不屬于他的東西,這樣的人應(yīng)該得到懲罰。

      根據(jù)答題卡安排寫作內(nèi)容

      考研的答題卡是橫向雙面設(shè)計。近年來版式完全相同:正面為22行,上面10行是5道翻譯題,每題2行,每道題前均有題號,從46一直到50。下面12行寫小作文,前面有題號,為51。兩種題目前留有間隔,這是2008年的新變化,很不錯。反面也是22行,與正面不同,所有行之間的間距是相同的。正面的左側(cè)約五分之一的地方自上而下分別是閱讀理解C節(jié)、寫作A節(jié)、寫作B節(jié)評分的地方,所以除去這個區(qū)域之后,留給小作文的地方就很小了。建議大家將抬頭的稱呼語緊鄰著51寫,日期在右邊稍微抬高就可以了。實際上不寫日期也不會扣分,不過一定不要將日期寫到信的最后去。信最后的落款要占兩行,有一行寫到十二行之外的頁下空白處也無傷大雅,這樣反而給人一種剛好寫滿的感覺。相反,如果連十二行都未占滿,閱卷老師就有可能會考慮是否要扣分。請大家注意一個重要的細節(jié),字一定不要寫得太大。最好大家能夠事先看一下答題紙的復(fù)印件,做到心中有數(shù)。答題紙每年變化不大,這樣的準(zhǔn)備很有必要。現(xiàn)在的格子對于想寫長文章的同學(xué)來說,是相當(dāng)有限的。大家的字一定要寫得中等或偏小才能寫下并看上去舒服。由于加頁是幾乎不可能的,所以大家在一開始寫的時候就要計劃好。

      閱卷中一直有個感受,就是小作文的分?jǐn)?shù)拉不開,想得高分必須多寫,把落款寫到下面。我跟老師們開玩笑說,這叫 “兵觸底成后”。

      大作文被安排在背面,共22行。要求大家寫160詞到200詞,實際上,我們強烈建議大家的作文寫到200詞左右,正好寫到將一頁基本占滿的感覺是最好的,字大小適中即可。當(dāng)然也不必再添行,將下面的一點空白擠得滿滿的,完全沒有必要。一些具體的建議

      建議大家一定要給人留下很認(rèn)真、很在乎作文考試的感覺——這一點很重要。

      建議大家把作文寫在規(guī)定的位置上,大作文不要反著寫。答題紙二的背面寫大作文,看到上面的題號52,就不會搞反了。

      建議大家在兩篇作文中均不要以標(biāo)1、2、3的方式分點,而是借助連接詞或其它的手段。

      建議大家使用水筆,不要使用鉛筆,最好不用圓珠筆,使用鋼筆是很好的,但要避免墨跡。字要寫得盡量干凈整齊。

      建議大家不要空行、隔行寫字,一定要按格子來寫。不會寫的詞應(yīng)該換個同義或近義詞,一定要避免空著或?qū)憹h語。

      閱卷的指導(dǎo)原則

      近年來高分的文章很少。2007年第一次提出了14分以上謹(jǐn)慎的指導(dǎo)原則,這也是導(dǎo)致整體分?jǐn)?shù)下降的一個原因,以前的原則均為16分以上要保持謹(jǐn)慎。我個人感覺,去年上海這邊的大作文平均分首次略低于10分。這可能還與去年題目抽象度較高有較大的關(guān)系——雖然主題的界定比較寬,但要深入淺出,頗為不易。高速批改下的閱卷者的心態(tài)變得更加微妙,可能變得更激進,更易由較少甚至單獨的例證來作出判斷。他們很可能轉(zhuǎn)而考慮如果復(fù)審老師找到某篇文章來詢問時,說出怎樣的給低分的理由(被判高的情形相對較少),所以還是希望大家減少無法容忍的錯誤。

      令人非常高興的是,2008年又恢復(fù)了16分以上謹(jǐn)慎的原則,并得到了建議大家放松1分左右的指令,所以估計今年的平均分會達到近年來的高點,即逼近11分。但是個別老師仍舊堅持去年的辦法,就導(dǎo)致了教師間的差異,而這種大規(guī)模的“小”失誤多是無法更正的。

      只有實現(xiàn)“掃描+雙判”才能完全解決?,F(xiàn)在四六級是掃描后人工在機器上閱卷,但基本是單判(組長與專家組在線抽察,多是看高分或低分);國內(nèi)最先進的、實現(xiàn)雙判的是某些省市的高考語文作文,操作方法與美國的主流高考SAT類似,當(dāng)達到一定差距時第三人(一般為專家)就上陣了。美國的SAT直到2005年3月12日大規(guī)模改革后才第一次考英語寫作,但是一開始就實行雙判。

      -=================================== 起床問題,毋庸置疑,必須制定一個較早的時間起床(應(yīng)該在6點左右,當(dāng)然還可以更早,但不能太早,你會困的),無論是周末還是什么假期,陰天還是下雨,請堅持住你定的那個時間,強制自己聽到鬧鈴之后必須起來,做到1分鐘都不差。

      2當(dāng)你在圖書館自習(xí)時,如果你旁邊過來一個同學(xué)和你拼桌時,如果沒事的話,請不要抬頭,更不要和他說第一句話,如果開口了,那么就很難停下來,一旦聊出了興趣,就至少會花費一段自習(xí)時間。請不要責(zé)怪對方先和你說話,這是自制力的問題,當(dāng)然如果你擺出一副認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)的樣子的話,對方九成不好意思打擾。

      3學(xué)習(xí)時切勿東張西望,好奇心強,即使你聽到什么聲音,知道發(fā)生了什么有意思的事,但是朋友,頂住,千萬別抬頭看,一直保持你看書的姿勢,如果由于好奇心抬了頭,打自己一下,長個教訓(xùn),好奇害死貓。

      4學(xué)習(xí)是不需要休息的,當(dāng)然這是因為我們必須選擇不一樣的休息方式,最好的休息方式是閉目一會,什么都別想。千萬別這樣休息~就是用休息的時間和朋友嘮嗑,打電話發(fā)短信或者是出去走走。試想一下,本以為出去走走可以換換空氣,但你想你還能回來么,就算是回來了,心又在哪呢?當(dāng)然不嘮嗑,不打電話不發(fā)短信和上面的是同一個道理,你是會停不住的。

      5決不能心浮氣燥,你不可能都會的,你都會了還用老師干嗎?當(dāng)你看一本書的時候,你會覺得書上寫的很亂,很枯燥,進而很厭學(xué)。沒事朋友,靜下心來,用3分鐘捂住耳朵,閉上眼睛,心驚心靜,頂住,從第一個字開始看,慢慢看,10分鐘之內(nèi)我保證你能鉆進去。

      6決不能驕傲,這是大忌,驕兵必敗,總以為自己會的人最虛偽,我們不用理他,他對我們的心情有百害而無一利。我相信大家都不愛聽這樣的話:“XX科我挺會的,這樣的題我都會做,思路都一樣??”我呸!做數(shù)學(xué)類型的題請拿起筆,從第一步“寫”到最后一步,直到得出結(jié)果,最忌諱只用眼睛看而不用筆做,尤其是數(shù)學(xué)。例題,就算是不會也請用筆抄。如果你的MP3/MP4里裝的都是音樂而不是英語對話的話,請放進柜子里,因為你一帶在身上,你一定想聽,極其反對一邊聽歌一邊學(xué)習(xí),即使是那國歌。不要認(rèn)為你聽歌才能學(xué)習(xí),那是騙自己的。補充一點,當(dāng)你學(xué)累了休息一會的時候,請不要聽歌,因為歌曲太美妙了,實在不忍心摘下耳機。如果你非要帶,如果是為了聽英語的話,我建議刪掉歌曲。請把手機放在你伸手摸不到也看不到的地方,沒事千萬不要碰它。學(xué)習(xí)最主要的就是效率,其實很簡單,只要把心思放到書本上,千萬別陷入到胡思亂想中,這絕對是毒藥。我相信我們所胡思亂想的東西一定都是美好的,比如說你最可能的是幻想愛情和一些很XX的事,我相信每個人都有這樣的經(jīng)歷,當(dāng)你很疲憊時,當(dāng)你很無助時,當(dāng)你學(xué)到最空虛的時候,你一定會想和學(xué)習(xí)無關(guān)的事,心情久久不能平靜,我相信這至少會持續(xù)半個小時,而且這半個小時你什么都沒動,眼睛,手,當(dāng)然也包括書的頁數(shù)。長久下去這是一個很長很長的時間,這個毒藥足以扼殺我們的夢想。當(dāng)然辦法還是有的,當(dāng)你不小心胡思亂想了,當(dāng)你意識到的一剎那,請把你全身的意志力和定力都用過來,請立即停止你的思想,晃晃頭,把它扼殺在搖籃里,心里默念一句,不能想不能想,努力學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)然,如果你能克服掉這一點,你離成功就已經(jīng)很近了。你必須克服環(huán)境,無論周圍多吵,無論你做在哪,無論周圍怎么亂,請不要抱怨,因為當(dāng)你真正的學(xué)進去書的時候,你就會有那種感覺,就像是這世界只有你一個人,這才是學(xué)習(xí)的最高境界。11 關(guān)于男女朋友的問題,留到后面在說。請不要自卑,也請不要過分的相信自己,這似是很矛盾的話,可有其中的道理,看看你屬于哪一種。首先說一個和這個話題無關(guān)的事,請不要自欺欺人,決不能有這樣的話:“明天開始學(xué)XX,今天太累了,先不學(xué)了,等到XX的時候,我再學(xué),先休息一會,一會再學(xué)??”??佳惺乾F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)開始的事,今日復(fù)明日,明日何其多。而且考研必須每分每秒都要堅持,死也要死在板凳上。如果你還是將學(xué)習(xí)一拖再拖的話,如果你總是以逸待勞的話,如果你相信考研是3天2天的事的話,如果你總是把太累,想休息等詞語放在嘴邊的話,請放棄考研。。即使你沒發(fā)現(xiàn),即使你還不知道,但我告訴你,你已經(jīng)在自欺欺人了。

      其次說12的話題,當(dāng)你努力學(xué)習(xí)遇到困難的時候,你還不放棄,即使你不會,請不要自卑,繼續(xù)努力,給自己一些自信。而過分的自信是自己并不努力,并以為自己這會那會的,整天東有西逛,以為自己多厲害,認(rèn)為怎么都能考上。呸!.請相信,考研的朋友,我們其實沒有假期,我們必須放棄我們向往的旅游,游山玩水固然能放松心情,但你想,出游之前,你必須設(shè)計好你的計劃,回來之后是不是還得回味幾天。這至少是一個禮拜的時間。如果你再遇到了什么帥哥美女以及其他的東西改變了你的想法的話。請相信,我們的努力都將前功盡棄。當(dāng)然我們也不能每時每刻都學(xué)習(xí),總要給自己一點時間,洗洗衣服,洗洗澡,這個 自己定,時間不宜太長。一日3餐請按時吃飯,保持身體健康,你可以玩了命的學(xué),但請不要以犧牲自己的健康為代價,健康第一。如果你家離學(xué)校很近,如果你想考研,請將你回家的頻率降到最小,最多每個月回一次,一次最多2天,因為我們絕大多數(shù)人都曾把書帶回家去,可是效果想必大家心里都有數(shù)。請盡量少參加“娛樂”活動,少一些“聚會”。人們都說考研的人是瘋子,沒錯,我們承認(rèn),我們的目的就是考研。請相信任何人對考研人都是有優(yōu)待的,他們不但不會疏遠你,還會更靠近你。因為他們知道,你,可能,會,有出息??

      接下來說說空著的第11點,男女朋友問題。這個至關(guān)重要,大多數(shù)考研的朋友現(xiàn)在都是大三,已經(jīng)有女朋友的感情都非常好,沒有女朋友的心情有的非常急躁,總想找對象,但我希望這決不要出現(xiàn)在考研的朋友中,聽我分析: 大學(xué)戀愛其實是很假的,這個由不得你不信,有數(shù)據(jù)證明很少有夫妻在大學(xué)中就是男女朋友關(guān)系,也就是說很少有大學(xué)情侶最后能夠結(jié)婚,如果是這樣的話,你還記得他(她)曾經(jīng)對你說的海誓山盟,天長地久么,這不就是很假么。當(dāng)然你可以查任何資料來看看我說的到底對不對。什么原因?qū)е铝松鲜鲆稽c,是因為夢想和現(xiàn)實有很大的差距。大學(xué)戀愛講究浪漫,男朋友給女朋友買這個那個那個這個的,但你一定能發(fā)現(xiàn),百分之一億的人用的是他們老子的錢。大學(xué)里我們都很有錢,我們花錢如麻,我們最常說的就是:“媽,給點錢”。而且我們的父母太溺愛,就拿我來說,每次往家里打電話,父母都問我,還有錢沒有,沒錢給你匯點??佳邪嗬镆晃徽卫蠋熯@樣說:“一個男生跪倒在地,手捧玫瑰向女孩大喊,我一定給你幸福,女孩感動流淚,大喊,我好幸?!钡腋T谀哪??我們用政治理論說什么是幸福,物質(zhì)決定意識,幸福是建立在物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)上的。不是我說的,馬克思說的。再想想我們,有什么物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),如果父母什么都不給我們,我們是不是就赤身**的站在外面?? 90%的人戀愛耽誤學(xué)業(yè),不要感覺你就是那10%,大學(xué)時我們很有錢,但大學(xué)之后呢,沒有好工作,沒有可以正常生活的收入,難道還向父母要錢,無恥啊,不孝啊。如果你這樣的話,有誰心甘情愿的和你在一起吃苦呢,當(dāng)然我們也并不能否認(rèn)。這是現(xiàn)實,現(xiàn)在的人都現(xiàn)實,這就是很少有大學(xué)情侶最后能走在一起的原因。請不要太容易被感動,路遙知馬力,日久見人心。請相信真正愛你的人不一定每天都在你周圍,請相信真正愛你的人正在努力的為你做著什么,請相信那些努力為你做出成就的人,為了你正進行著汗水和淚水洗禮的人。請不要相信那些整太在你周圍,整天甜言蜜語而不努力付出的人。請相信這世上只有一個人是真正的最愛你的人,他正在默默的為你努力的創(chuàng)造生活,他會一直等你。

      第二篇:考研英語作文高分必備

      考研英語作文高分必備

      1. 開頭超強公式一:名人名言

      有人問了,“我沒有記住名言,怎么辦?尤其是英語名言?”,很好辦:編!

      原理:我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的,包括我們欣賞的文章也是,所以盡管編,但是一定要聽起來很有道理呦!而且沒準(zhǔn)將來我們就是名人呢!對吧?

      經(jīng)典句型:

      A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”(適用于已記住的名言)

      It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.(適用于自編名言)

      更多經(jīng)典句型:

      As everyone knows, No one can deny that? 2. 開頭超強公式二:數(shù)字統(tǒng)計

      原理:要想更有說服力,就應(yīng)該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。

      原則上在議論文當(dāng)中十不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的,可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一,但編無妨,只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型:

      According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起來這個數(shù)字文鄒鄒的,其實都是編造出來的,下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造:

      Honesty:根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,大學(xué)生向老師請假的理由當(dāng)中78%都是假的。

      Travel by Bike:根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。

      Youth:根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,在某個大學(xué),學(xué)生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。

      Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?:根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。

      更多句型:

      A recent statistics shows that ? 結(jié)尾超強公式

      1. 結(jié)尾超強公式一:如此結(jié)論

      說完了,畢竟要歸納一番,相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)長篇大論,到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等待領(lǐng)導(dǎo)說結(jié)束語。也就是說,開頭很好,也必然要有一個精彩的結(jié)尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:

      Obviously(此為過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果讀者很難“顯而見之”,但說無妨,就當(dāng)讀者的眼光太淺罷了!

      更多過渡短語:

      to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

      更多句型:

      Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that? 2. 結(jié)尾超強公式二:如此建議

      如果說“如此結(jié)論”是結(jié)尾最沒用的廢話,那么“如此建議”應(yīng)該是最有價值的廢話了,因為這里雖然也是廢話,但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽!

      Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典,因為考官本來經(jīng)??歼@個句型,而如果我們自己寫出來,你說考官會怎么想呢?

      更多句型:

      Accordingly, I recoMMend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.寫作的“七項基本原則”

      一、長短句原則

      工作還得一張一馳呢,老讓讀者讀長句,累死人!寫一個短小精辟的句子,相反,卻可以起到畫龍點睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主題:

      As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可見,長短句結(jié)合,抑揚頓挫,豈不爽哉?牢記!

      強烈建議:在文章第一段(開頭)用一長一短,且先長后短;在文章主體部分,要先用一個短句解釋主要意思,然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式,定會讓主體部分妙筆生輝!文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短就可以了。

      二、主題句原則

      國有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否則會給人造成“群龍無首”之感!相信各位讀過一些破爛文學(xué),故意把主體隱藏在文章之內(nèi),結(jié)果造成我們稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉勸各位一定要寫一個主題句,放在文章的開頭(保險型)或者結(jié)尾,讓讀者一目了然,必會平安無事!

      特別提示:隱藏主體句可是要冒險的!

      To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句).Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原則

      領(lǐng)導(dǎo)講話總是第一部分、第一點、第二點、第三點、第二部分、第一點? 如此羅嗦??僧吘惯€是條理清楚??脊賯兛次恼乱脖厝灰ㄟ^這些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,條理自然。破解方法很簡單,只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個要點前就清楚了。

      1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗)

      2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗)

      3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗)

      4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗)

      5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強烈推薦)

      6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強烈推薦)

      7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強烈推薦)

      8)most important of all, moreover, finally

      9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用于兩點的情況)

      10)for one thing, for another thing(適用于兩點的情況)

      建議:不僅僅在寫作中注意,平時說話的時候也應(yīng)該條理清楚!

      四、短語優(yōu)先原則

      寫作時,尤其是在考試時,如果使用短語,有兩個好處:其

      一、用短語會使文章增加亮點,如果老師們看到你的文章太簡單,看不到一個自己不認(rèn)識的短語,必然會看你低一等。相反,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點—精彩的短語,那么你的文章定會得高分了。其

      二、關(guān)鍵時刻思維短路,只有湊字?jǐn)?shù),怎么辦?用短語是一個辦法!比如:

      I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短語表達:I am looking forward to it.這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加,表達也更準(zhǔn)確。

      五、多實少虛原則

      原因很簡單,寫文章還是應(yīng)該寫一些實際的東西,不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實詞,少用虛詞。我這里所說的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說一個很好的時候,不應(yīng)該之說nice這樣空洞的詞,應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類的形象詞。再比如:

      走出房間,general的詞是:walk out of the room

      但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說:slip out of the room

      小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說:sail out of the room

      小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說:dance out of the room

      老人走出房間應(yīng)該說:stagger out of the room

      所以多用實詞,少用虛詞,文章將會大放異彩!

      六、多變句式原則

      1)加法(串聯(lián))

      都希望寫下很長的句子,像個老外似的,可就是怕寫錯,怎么辦,最保險的寫長句的方法就是這些,可以在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。比如說:

      I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的,我們可以用一個超級句式:

      Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短語可以用:

      besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

      2)轉(zhuǎn)折(拐彎抹角)

      批評某人缺點的時候,我們總習(xí)慣先拐彎抹角說說他的優(yōu)點,然后轉(zhuǎn)入正題,再說缺點,這種方式雖然陰險了點,可畢竟還比較容易讓人接受。所以呢,我們說話的時候,只要在要點之前先來點廢話,注意二者之間用個專這次就夠了。

      The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短語:

      despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

      3)因果(so, so, so)

      昨天在街上我看到了一個女孩,然后我主動搭訕,然后我們?nèi)タХ葟d,然后我們認(rèn)識了,然后我們成為了朋友?可見,講故事的時候我們總要追求先后順序,先什么,后什么,所以然后這個詞就變得很常見了。其實這個詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系!

      The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短語:

      then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

      4)失衡句(頭重腳輕,或者頭輕腳重)

      有些人腦袋大,身體小,或者有些人腦袋小,身體大,雖然我們不希望長成這個樣子,可如果真的是這樣了,也就必然會吸引別人的注意力。文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子,就更會讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實就是主語從句,表語從句,賓語從句的變形。

      舉例:This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同樣主語、賓語、表語可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分:

      When to go, Why he goes away?

      5)附加(多此一舉)

      如果有了老婆,總會遇到這樣的情況,當(dāng)你再講某個人的時候,她會插一句說,我昨天見過他;或者說,就是某某某,如果把老婆的話插入到我們的話里面,那就是定語從句和同位語從句或者是插入語。

      The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其實很簡單,同位語--要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個句子的構(gòu)成;定語從句—借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個句子插入其中,但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。

      6)排比(排山倒海句)

      文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過于此,如果非要讓你的文章更加精彩的話,那么我希望你引用一個個的排比句,一個個得對偶句,一個個的不定式,一個個地詞,一個個的短語,如此表達將會使文章有排山倒海之勢!

      Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.(氣勢恢宏)

      要想寫出如此氣勢恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

      七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則

      既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限,必然是比較難的,但是并非不可攀!

      原理:在學(xué)生的文章中,很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨立主格的句子,其實也很簡單,只要花上5分鐘的時間看看就可以領(lǐng)會,它就是分詞的一種特殊形式,分詞要求主語一致,而獨立主格則不然。比如:

      The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出這樣的句子,不得高分才怪!文章主體段落三大殺手锏

      一、舉實例

      思維短路,舉實例!提出一個觀點,舉實例!提出一個方案,舉實例!而且者也是我們揭示一個觀點最好的方式,任何情況下,只要我們無法繼續(xù)文章,不管三七二十一,盡管舉例子!

      In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型:

      To take ? as an example, One example is?, Another example is?, for example

      二、做比較

      方法:寫完一個要點,比較與之相似的;又寫完一個要點,再比較與之相反的;

      世界上沒有同樣的指紋,沒有相同的樹葉,文章亦同,只有通過比較,你才會發(fā)現(xiàn)二者的相同點(through comparison)和不同點(through contrast)。下面是一些短語:

      相似的比較:

      in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner

      相反的比較:

      on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with ?, ?

      三、換言之

      沒話說了,可以換一句話再說,讓你的文章在多一些字,或者文鄒鄒地說,是讓讀者更充分的理解你的觀點。

      實際就是重復(fù)重復(fù)再重復(fù)!下面的句子實際上就三個字 I love you!

      I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我們舉過的例子:

      I cannot bear it.可以用短語表達:I cannot put up with it.因此可以這樣說:I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短語:

      in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply

      領(lǐng)航名師墨東博:考研英語作文模板--國有企業(yè)

      As is vividly depicted in the picture , with a clear cracking sound , two bowls clashed into each other , in which the shinning one keeps its integrity , whereas the shabby one breaks into pieces.Just like being symbolically revealed in the set of drawing, the fact that the intact bowl, as a symbol of soly-invested companies , overwhelms the broken bowl representing the state-owned companies, with collision standing for fierce companies, profoundly indicates that it is time that our state-owned companies entailed reform especially after china’s entry into WTO when facing soly-invested companies abroad.To the popular mind , it is immediately assumed that when reform in state-owned companies is argued,it is car industry that is meant.To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon , several points should be figured out.For one thing, some of car industries once enjoyed the glorious past , They have ,however, gradually lost their market shares when soly ?invested companies were sweeping into domestic market.For another , in order to turn the corner ,the leaders of them should adopt the policy of reform such as acquisition, re-engineering and introduction of advanced technology and concepts of management.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below, No 1 Motor Vehicle Plant has witnessed from predicament to rejuvenation through none other than effective steps mentioned above.Therefore ,no issue is as critical to individual and national survival and prosperity as reform in state-owned companies.Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive some positive meanings from this thought-provoking picture.It is ,hence, necessary that efforts be made to follow the spirit of reform concerning state-owned companies.On one hand, the government should make law to perfect irrational rules and regulations being visible in reform process.On the other hand, the leaders of state-owned companies should enhance the awareness of reform.Only by undergoing these steps ,can our more state-owned companies become members of Top 500 in the world, which, indeed, has gone to the heart of maintaining good momentum of national economy growth.一、要求:考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出一篇約100詞(標(biāo)點符號不計算在內(nèi))的應(yīng)用性短文,包括私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、摘要、報告等??忌诖痤}卡2上作答。滿分10分。

      注意事項:

      1)格式:稱呼,結(jié)尾,署名

      2)簡明扼要,清楚明確。

      3)遵照要求,內(nèi)容齊全。

      4)言語得體,真心誠意。

      二、備忘錄

      備忘錄是一種錄以備忘的公文。在公文函件中,它的等級是比較低的,主要用來提醒、督促對方,或就某個問題提出自己的意見或看法。在業(yè)務(wù)上,它一般用來補充正式文件的不足。它的內(nèi)容可以分為以下幾項:

      書端(Heading)

      收文人的姓名、頭銜、地址(Addressee's Name, Title, Address)

      稱呼(Salutation)

      事因(Subject)

      正文(Body)

      結(jié)束語(Complimentary Close)

      署名(Signature)

      寫作注意事項

      1、書端部分包括發(fā)文機關(guān)的名稱、地址、發(fā)文日期,有的還包括電報掛號、電傳號、電話號碼等。許多機關(guān)有自己特制的信箋,在寫書端時,其格式和標(biāo)點符號的使用與一般信件的相同。

      2、稱呼從左邊頂格寫起,對一般機關(guān)、團體的負(fù)責(zé)人一般用 Dear Sir,對政府官員可用Sir。

      3、正文、結(jié)束語和署名等項與一般信件的格式相同?!笆乱颉币豁椖壳安捎玫幂^少。

      范文

      Directions: Write a memorandum of about 100 words to the student service department and ask them to fix a telephone for each dormitory.MEMO

      August 16, 2005

      To: The leader of student service department

      From: Li Ming

      Subject: Telephone

      Dear Sir,I would like to remind you that we are in want of a telephone for each dormitory.As a university student, we need to cope with the daily increasing communications with teachers, friends and people outside the campus.We need a telephone to get and send message, which is important for us.Though most of us have mobile phones and e-mail address, a telephone in the dormitory is after all the most convenient and cheapest tool of communication.I hope that you will pay attention to this problem and solve it as soon as possible.Regards.Yours,Li Ming

      三、摘要

      文章摘要是對所寫文章主要內(nèi)容的精煉概括。美國人稱摘要為“Abstract”,而英國人則喜歡稱其為“Summary”。

      通常國際刊物要求所要刊登的文章字?jǐn)?shù),包括摘要部分不超過1萬字。而對文章摘要部分的字?jǐn)?shù)要求則更少。因此寫摘要時,應(yīng)用最為簡練的語言來表達論文之精華。論文摘要的重點應(yīng)放在所研究的成果和結(jié)論上。

      國際會議要求的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)不等,一般為200字-500字。而國際刊物要求所刊登的論文摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)通常是100字-200字。摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面,內(nèi)容上涵蓋全文,并直接點明全旨。語言上要求盡量簡煉。摘要通常多采用第三人稱撰寫。

      科學(xué)書籍、論文和學(xué)術(shù)報告一般都附有內(nèi)容摘要,這樣可以節(jié)省讀者的時間,使他們不必讀完整個文章就能夠了解它的主要內(nèi)容。書籍摘要,一般放在封二或封三;論文和學(xué)術(shù)報告的摘要,一般放在正文前面。摘要應(yīng)做到簡明扼要,切題,能獨立成文,使讀者能準(zhǔn)確地了解書籍的要義。寫摘要時,最好用第三人稱的完整的陳述句,文長一般不超過200個詞。

      英文摘要分類

      摘要分陳述性的(Descriptive)和資料性的(Informational)兩類。陳述性摘要只陳述書籍或文章的主題,不介紹內(nèi)容。資料性的摘要除了介紹主題外,還應(yīng)介紹文章的要點和各個要點的主要內(nèi)容。它可以包括三個組成部分:

      ①點明主題,解析文章或書籍的目的或意圖;

      ②介紹主要內(nèi)容,使讀者迅速了解文章或書籍的概貌;

      ③提出結(jié)論或建議,以供讀者參考。

      英文摘要常見句型

      1)This paper deals with...2)This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...3)This eassy presents knowledge that...4)This thesis discusses...5)This thesis analyzes...6)This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on...8)This article gives an overview of...9)This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10)This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要題型寫作要點:

      ① 動筆之前,考生一定要認(rèn)真仔細地閱讀所給原文,弄懂原文大意,掌握原文要點。

      ② 摘要的長度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一,考試時應(yīng)遵守規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)限制。

      ③ 在做摘要時考生切忌照搬原文。

      ④ 摘要應(yīng)與原文的觀點保持一致,并且仍按原文的邏輯順序排列。

      ⑤ 重點反映主要觀點,刪除細節(jié)。

      ⑥ 簡化從句,用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。

      ⑦ 檢查與修改時,考生應(yīng)重點檢查是否遺漏了原文的要點或包含了細節(jié)。

      摘要題型寫作實例

      ① 試題題目

      Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words.We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology.We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it;it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days.Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather;we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles.At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one’s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable.We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away.We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.② 原文要點:

      1.continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors

      2.avoid talking about death

      ③ 參考摘要:

      People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue.They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war.When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom.Therefore, they fear very much.However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)

      開頭與結(jié)尾用語

      開頭:Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear sir or Madam, Dear President, Dear Sales Manager, Dear Dean, Dear Professor, To whom it may concern, Dear Mr.Smith,結(jié)尾:Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours, Yours sincerely, Best regards, Best wishes, lovingly yours, sincerely yours,l 正文第一句

      朋友:Hi!How are you?

      Hello!I hope everything is fine.Hi!How is everything going?

      如不認(rèn)識:I was a guest at your hotel from June 25 to 28.I am a student at your college, enrolled in the computer course.致謝:Thank you for your invitation to the international medical conference on October 11.Thank you for your letter dated October 11.解釋寫信原因:I am writing to advise you for the loss of my credit card.I’d like to inquire about course details.I am writing to complain about/of the poor service at your restaurant.l 結(jié)尾段

      發(fā)出請求:I am looking forward to your prompt reply.Please reply to us at your earliest convenience.表達歉意:once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies once again.提出投訴:I expect to hear from you very soon.Please give this matter your immediate attention.常用信件寫作介紹

      1. 投訴信

      開頭:自我介紹,交代投訴內(nèi)容,表明本信的目的和要求

      正文:說明情況,講清利害,分析利弊。告訴對方你因此受到的傷害或不便,提出解決問題的建議,表明希望如何處理。

      結(jié)尾:表達希望問題得到迅速恰當(dāng)解決的強烈愿望。希望盡快得到滿意的答復(fù)。

      常用句型:

      I am writing to you to complain about….I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at…

      I beg to call your attention to the fact that…

      I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…, calling for some remedial action.I very much regret to have to inform you that…

      I am totally/completely disappointed/upset to find…

      I find it awful/quite distressing that…

      My experience in…on…(date)shocked me.I can hardly put up with it.There are some problems with the … that I wish to bring to attention.For one thing, there is….For another, …..I can hardly stand/bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.To improve the situation/solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures:…

      I look forward to a day when we could really enjoy a more efficient service.I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.If it is not properly settled, I would ask you to give my money back, or I would complain to the Consumer’s Association.I request you to be kind enough to solve the problem as soon as possible.應(yīng)注意:

      1)禮貌用詞,不能過激。

      2)提出希望/要求,句型要多樣化。

      3)反映問題集中,不要聯(lián)想其他。

      Ex.1

      Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem.2. 咨詢信、請求信、說明信

      開頭:簡要告知身份,表明寫信原因或請求

      正文:詳細闡明詢問、請求的具體內(nèi)容、希望獲得的信息。說明信應(yīng)寫明原因、實情及希望對方做些什么。強調(diào)所需信息/幫助的重要性。(按要求)

      結(jié)尾:表達謝意,希望得到對方回復(fù)、幫助或合作。

      常用句型:

      I would like to inquire about some information concerning/regarding….I am writing in the hope that you can…

      I am writing because I would like to…

      Needless to say, your approval of my request will be beneficial not only to myself but to the company.Could you tell me what I have to do to…

      It is sincerely requested that you…

      My first question is that …

      Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.If additional information is required, please advise me at your early convenience.Should I send you copies of my qualification in advance?

      I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.應(yīng)注意:

      1)請求內(nèi)容/信息一定要詳盡,具體。

      2)語氣要客氣,委婉。

      3)語言直接,具體,簡明。

      Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to

      1)describe the book you want to borrow,2)specify by when the book will be returned, and

      3)express your gratitude.3. 道歉信。

      開頭:簡單交代對何事進行道歉。

      正文:解釋事情發(fā)生的原因,消除誤會或矛盾。

      結(jié)尾:再次表示遺憾何歉意,表明愿意補救的愿望,提出建議或安排。

      常用句型:

      I must apologize to you for…

      I am very sorry that..I regret to inform you that I will not be able to…

      I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.I sincerely hope you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.I believe you can understand that I have not intended to hurt you.I owe you an apology.It is my fault.I am to blame for this unpleasant thing.Please pardon/excuse/forgive me.I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.I hope you will kindly forgive my lapse of attention.I am so sorry to have put you to/into so much trouble.應(yīng)注意:

      1)事情原委要解釋清楚。

      2)說明情況與理由,實事求是,簡明扼要。

      3)態(tài)度誠懇。

      4)用詞委婉,語氣溫和,得體。

      Ex.You have invited a friend over to have dinner with you one night, but just before the dinner you received an urgent phone call from your office and you had to leave immediately.Write a letter of apology to your friend.4. 感謝信

      開頭:表達謝意,提及受到的幫助。

      正文:回憶該幫助,高度評價/贊揚對方,表達當(dāng)時的心情感受。

      結(jié)尾:再次表達謝意,提出回報希望。

      常用句型:

      I am grateful/thankful to you for…

      I am much obliged to you for your help.I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.Thoughtful considerate considerable

      It’s very kind of you to help us.I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me.Hostility

      But for your help, I would not..If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..Thanks from the bottom of my heart for…

      With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.應(yīng)注意:

      1)開頭要直截了當(dāng)。

      2)表明誠意,避免空洞。

      3)態(tài)度熱情

      Ex.You got sick just a week before the final examinations and were sent to a hospital.One nurse treated you very well and you recovered soon.Write a letter of appreciation to the nurse(Miss Smith).Dear Miss Smith,I was just at your hospital when I got sick before the final examinations.First, I thanks for you could treat me very well and let me recovered soon.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I’m afraid that I couldn’t pass the exam.Thank you for the bottom of my heart for your help and service.Dear Miss Smith,I hope you can know how much I appreciate your kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.I got sick just a week before the final examination.I was so worried that I couldn’t take part in the examination.It was just you that encouraged me to face the illness bravely.So I recovered soon, and I got good results in my final examination.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid I can’t have recovered so soon and achieved such good results.Again, I would like to express my thanks to you.Sincerely yours,Dear Miss Smith,I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that I would be still in hospital now.I got sick just a week before the exam.You treated me well and I recovered soon.Now I pass the exam.But for your kindness help, I would not have passed the exam.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.Yours sincerely,Dear Miss Smith,I was a patient of yours one week ago, and I write the letter to you to show my appreciation for your help.It was near the final exam then, and without your hospitable and generous help, I couldn’t have recovered so soon, let alone to get a high mark on the exam.I shall always appreciate the help you’d offered me and I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when opportunity arises.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.Best wishes,Sincerely yours,邀請信

      開頭:開門見山,說明目的。

      正文:邀請內(nèi)容(活動性質(zhì),地點,時間,日期),有關(guān)要求與希望。

      結(jié)尾:重申對方參加的重要性,希望盡快回復(fù)。

      常用句型:

      I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6.I am pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to….in..I feel it a great honor if you could..It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…

      We would be greatly honored if you could come…

      I am writing to invite you to…

      I am particularly anxious to have you join us.It’s a long time since I have had the pleasure of seeing you and I do hope you can come.We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.I will cover all the expenses involved.應(yīng)注意:

      1)用詞清晰,簡明。

      2)邀請內(nèi)容清楚。

      5. 求職信

      開頭:說明信息來源,表明寫信目的 正文:提供個人資料,詢問相關(guān)問題。

      結(jié)尾:表達愿望,提供聯(lián)系方式,表示感謝。

      常用句型:

      I have read your advertisement in…for a(position/post), and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position.I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.I wish to apply for a position with your company.I myself like the job very much and I think my personality is well suited to working as a ….Honest, trust-worthy, reliable, enthusiastic, diligent, bright, smart, careful, patient, responsible, efficient, productive, versatile, open-minded, optimistic,I am confident that my experience and ability will show you that I can fulfill the particular requirement of your position.Born in…in.., I graduated from….University majoring in …..I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was ….And currently I am working for…

      I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than 4,000.I shall be very much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.I am looking forward with great interest to hearing from you soon regarding my application.應(yīng)注意:

      1)適當(dāng)展示自己(經(jīng)歷,才能)

      2)不要言他

      3)語言明確清楚,流露自信。

      6. 推薦信

      開頭:開門見山,表明關(guān)系。

      正文:稱贊被推薦人(舉例說明),客觀介紹其相關(guān)能力,突出表現(xiàn)、性格與人品

      結(jié)尾:作出保證,提出希望,表示感謝。

      常用句型:

      I am very glad to recommend you a former student of mine, Mr./Miss… to be a candidate for…

      I am writing to recommend…

      I have great pleasure to provide a letter for recommendation for Mr./Miss…

      With reference to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that he is the just person you are looking for.He has proved to be industrious, responsible and skillful in carrying out his assignment.Besides being thoroughly honest and reliable he showed an unusual quickness and ability in…

      I hope the above information will help you to know…

      If you need any further information about his qualification, please do not hesitate to contact me.If further information about him/her is required, please do not hesitate to let me know/contact me

      In view of his/her previous achievements in…, I am firmly convinced that Mr./Miss.., will make a successful graduate student/staff member.I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him a…

      應(yīng)注意:

      1)開門見山,簡明扼要。

      2)舉例說明,客觀敘述。

      7. 表揚信

      開頭:身份簡介,提及感謝的人,事。

      正文:敘述經(jīng)過,詳細介紹值得表揚之處,表達感受

      結(jié)尾:提出祝愿與希望

      常用句型:

      I am writing to tell you how highly I think of…

      I am writing because I appreciate very much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.I am greatly impressed by….What he has done shows that…

      He deserves praise for what he has done.I am greatly inspired by…

      It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.應(yīng)注意:

      1)敘述經(jīng)過,明確具體。

      2)上升到一個高度。

      3)語言誠懇。

      8. 祝賀信

      開頭:開門見山,說明消息來源

      正文:回憶過去,表明感受,展望未來,提出建議。

      結(jié)尾:表達祝愿

      常用句型:

      What exciting/thrilling news!

      It’s good/sensational news.I was delighted/thrilled to hear/to receive the news that ….It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.I congratulate you on/upon your success.Congratulations and all good/best wishes.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…

      Permit me to congratulate you…

      We want you to know how happy we were when…

      It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn…

      Wish you all the happiness in the world.I hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life/career.All the luck in the world to you!

      Best of luck to you!

      范文:

      Ex.1

      Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem

      Dear manager,I was a guest/customer at your restaurant last Saturday.I wish to refer you to the incident that happened that day, calling for your immediate attention to the matter.It shocked me when I found a fly in a dish in the middle of our meal.I could hardly bear it.I felt sick.If it happens again, I am convinced that no one will come to eat here any more.It is advisable for you to tidy up/ clean up your kitchen as soon as possible.Please give me your immediate attention to this matter.Sincerely yours,***

      Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to

      1)describe the book you want to borrow,2)specify by when the book will be returned, and

      3)express your gratitude.Dear Jones,I am writing to ask for your help in lending me a book.Recently I’ve been busy preparing my graduate thesis, and therefore have been reading and researching numerous books and references.One of the books that my advisor believes to be particularly relevant to my thesis is called The Legal System in Society.Unfortunately I have been unable to find it at the library or in any bookstores.Do you happen to have this book? If so, may I borrow it? I promise to take good care of it and will return it to you within three days.Thank you very much.I hope to hear from you soon.Sincerely yours,Li Ming

      練習(xí)題:

      Ex.1

      You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to study there because he or she always has friends visiting.They have parties in the room and sometimes borrow your things without asking you.Write a letter to the Accommodation officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You should prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Ex.2

      Your classmate and close friend, Jack, has just passed the graduate entrance examination and is going to study at a famous university in another city.Write a letter of congratulation to him.Ex.3

      You stayed with a local family when you attended a training program in UK.You returned to your home country in a hurry and found that you had left your laptop in the family.Write a letter to the family, thanking them for their hospitality.Describe the computer and where it is and ask the host to send it back to you.Ex.4

      You are a college student who applies for a part-time job in a shop during the summer vacation.Write a letter to the shop owner explaining why you are a suitable person for the job.Remember to ask him or her about the rate of payment.Ex.5

      You are a college student who applies to a university for an MA degree program of the major “Life Science”.Introduce yourself and state out the reasons.Ask them to send the necessary information concerning the course.1.審題要認(rèn)真

      短文的標(biāo)題是對全文的高度概括。通過認(rèn)真審題來確定標(biāo)題的核心詞或者說關(guān)鍵詞,依此來整理思路。因此,考生看到試題后絕對不能提筆就寫,而是應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審題,看清題目的要求和提示,充分利用題目所提供的信息、關(guān)鍵詞所圈定的范圍,在確立主題后再動筆。

      如 從標(biāo)題 The Misery of Shyness 中得知,考生不但要解釋說明 Shyness ,更重要的是要突出由 Shyness 帶來的Misery。至此,短文要重點闡述帶來了什么Misery。

      2.文體要統(tǒng)一

      正式文體的文章不宜用非正式的語句。有些考生在一篇很正式的議論文中用以下的句子做結(jié)語 OK, this is what I want to say.或是That’s my opinion.Do you agree with me?等等,使文章顯得不倫不類。

      3.主題要突出

      標(biāo)題如果是 Pollution from Cars 或 Air Pollution ,以下段落的闡述顯得有些贅述 1 Part of this problem is the world’s exploding population.2 A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air.3 Besides, land and water pollution has also increased.4 Pollution is, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our civilization.尤其是第三句,還有點跑題。

      4.文字要連貫

      一篇好文章要注重連貫性。連貫性主要體現(xiàn)在句子與句子、段落與段落的銜接上,這種銜接要通過過渡詞語來實現(xiàn),以達到文章通順,語言流暢。例如 It is clear that television news can vividly bring into us dramatic events of importance, such as wars, games and soon, but it can not cover important stories in detail they may deserve because of its time limitation.On the contrary, print news excels in its ability to devote as much space to a story as it sees fit, though it can not compete with television visually.Besides, television is essentially a passive medium.Such as, but, because of, on the contrary, though, besides 這些過渡詞把句子從語義上連接起來,形成一個有機的整體,讀起來猶如行云流水,自然酣暢。

      5.內(nèi)容要一致

      要刪除多余的詞語,否則, 一是破壞了文章的一致性, 二是有湊字?jǐn)?shù)之嫌。如 Scientists fear that nuclear energy will one day destroyus.2 They say that the explosion of a nuclear bomb can kill millions of people and cause disease and deformity in later generation.3 Because of limited energy resources, scientists are studying the possibilities of nuclear power.4 And any failure from a nuclear plant may cause enormous damage to the affected area5 What’s more, up to now people have not discovered a safe way to dispose of radioactive wastes.本段中的第三句與主題不符, 也與第二和第四句不連貫, 應(yīng)刪除。

      6.表達方式要多樣化

      詞、句型使用的多樣化不僅給文章增加了色彩和可讀性,與此同時也可反映考生的詞匯量和語言掌握的程度等。為避免文章平淡、呆板, 可使用不同的句式 強調(diào)句、倒裝句、否定句等等。長短句使用合理相間,用短句表達有力的結(jié)論,用長句體現(xiàn)嚴(yán)密的邏輯關(guān)系??忌谂e例說明的段落中尤其要注意詞語的多樣性。

      7.考點要覆蓋全

      無論是什么形式的寫作都有寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,一般為三個方面??忌趧庸P前一定要看清寫作內(nèi)容上的要求,以確保文章覆蓋所有考點。

      8.語言要流暢

      評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)已清楚地告訴考生 文章要語言流暢、字句通順、表達準(zhǔn)確, 這是得高分的基礎(chǔ)。

      Last year the public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of animal care bills and furniture.1 It is difficult not to feel resentful about this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,2 and it is not unusual for me to get hot under the collar when I read about another old person who has left all his /her money to a dog or cat home.這兩句在表達意義上用詞十分到位,隨著兩個 when 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句內(nèi)容的遞進,主句對表現(xiàn)氣憤程度的加強通過用詞的不同而表達得淋漓盡致;排比結(jié)構(gòu)的運用使觀點更加明確 在1 中 It is difficult not 和 to feel resentful about this 與2 中的 it is not unusual 和 to get hot under the collar 詞語表達極其準(zhǔn)確。這需要考生在平時大量閱讀文章時多注意積累好的語言表達。

      9.首尾要呼應(yīng)

      上述幾項被閱卷者稱為閃光點 ,即加分的因素。除此而外, 更重要的一點是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼應(yīng)。

      10.檢查要到位

      這個重要環(huán)節(jié)往往被考生忽略不計,而因為少了這個環(huán)節(jié)所造成的后果真可謂是功虧一簣。在閱卷過程中,時不時會發(fā)現(xiàn) ourself、thinked、the person who are… ,而這些會釀成不良后果的錯誤完全可在一兩分鐘的時間內(nèi)檢查、修改完成。所以, 在寫完短文后, 要耐心地再讀一遍。

      第三篇:考研英語作文高分

      小作文模板

      1.建議信

      Dear ________,As ________, I’m writing to express my views concerning ________.Although ________, there is still much room for improvement.Forinstance, ________.In view of these facts, I would like to make the following suggestions.First, ________.Second,________.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.Yours sincerely,________

      2.辭職信模板

      Dear ________,I am writing to inform you of my resignation from the current position.I can/will ________ for the transition process.Although I really appreciate the invaluable experience working here, I gradually find_______.In addition , ________.Therefore,________.I would like to thank you for ________.Should there be any inconvenience and trouble caused by my resignation, I am sorry indeed.Yours faithfully,________

      3.致歉信模板

      Dear ________,I am excessively sorry that I must apologize for ________.I’m afraid what I have done has caused much inconvenience to you.In order to ________, I will ________.Please accept my most cordial and humblest apology.I do hope you ________ and excuse me for ________.Cordially yours

      ________

      4.求職信模板

      Dear ________,I have become aware ________ that you are seeking people qualified to fill the vacancy for ________.I am convinced that ________.I major in ________.Furthermore, ________.My resume and list of references are available upon request.I appreciate your time and consideration, and look forward to meeting you in the near future.Faithfully yours,________

      5.感謝信模板 Dear ________,I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for ________.Without your help, ________.________.Many thanks again for ________.I hope I will have a chance to ________.Sincerely yours, ________

      6.申請信模板 Dear Sir/Madam,I am writing to you in the hope of ________.I would like to know more details about ________.If ________, I will/can ________.I am eagerly looking forward to your reply.And your kind help would be greatly appreciated.Yours respectfully,________

      7.投訴信模板 Dear ________,This letter is to notify you about a problem I am having with ________.I am dissatisfied with ________ because ________.I have already attempt to ________.Unfortunately, it seemed that ________.I am sure you will agree that ________.I look forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely,________

      8.詢問信模板 Dear ________,I am writing to ask if ________.Since ________, I would be most grateful if ________.Your prompt attention to this letter would be highly appreciated.I am expecting your early reply.Yours faithfully,________

      9.邀請信模板 Dear ________,Please allow me to have the honor of inviting you ________.The occasion will start at/in ________.Following that, ________.We would be particularly honored by your distinguished presence at ________.Please inform me of ________.Yours sincerely,________

      10.祝賀信模板 Dear ________,I am thrilled to know that ________.Please allow me to give my most sincere congratulations on this exciting occasion.As your ________, I _______.It means ________.And it is ________.I take this opportunity to express my best wishes to you.Wish you ________.Yours sincerely,________

      11.推薦信模板 Dear ________,This letter is in reference to ________, who ________.He/She is applying for ________.With reference to your requirements, I shall, without reservation, recommend ________.During ________, I spent considerable time with him/her.He/She ________.I believe he/she will ________.I hope the above information will help you ________.If you ________, please do not hesitate to contact me.Yours faithfully, ________

      12.介紹信 Dear ________,It gives me much pleasure to introduce ________ to you.He/She ________.Because ________, I hope ________, which I shall ________.I hope it won’t cause you much trouble.Your kindness will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely,________

      13.便簽?zāi)0?Dear ________,This note is to ________.I will ________.I am sorry that I can’t pass on the message to you in your presence because ________.Yours, ________

      14.通知模板

      ANNOUNCEMENT 通知主題

      Speaker: ________ Time: ________ Place: ________ 正文

      單位/個人

      15.備忘錄模板

      Memorandum

      To: ________ From: ________ Date: ________ Subject: ________ 正文內(nèi)容

      16.簡歷模板

      RESUME

      Name: ________

      Date of Birth: ________ Marital Status: ________ Address: ________ Telephone: ________ Education: ________

      Work Experience: ________ Languages: ________

      Awards and Scholarships: ________ Interests: ________ Reference: ________

      17.摘要模板

      Abstract

      In order to ________, the paper takes ________ into consideration.It first ________, and further explores ________.Based upon the above, the author concludes that ________.大作文模板

      1.價值觀類

      一、As is symbolically depicted in the cartoon, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The caption indicates, ________(說明文字).Undoubtedly, we can deduce from the portrayal that the cartoonist is trying to

      attract our attention to the issue of ________(圖片的主題).Why________(主題的重要性)? The answer seems selfevident.On the one hand, ________(重要性體現(xiàn)或變現(xiàn)1).On the other hand, ________(2).It is my view that, we can frequently use such drawings to enlighten the juvenile as to the importance of ________(主題).All in all, ________(深化主題).二、I was really fascinated by the above intriguing cartoon.As is vividly portrayed, ________(圖畫內(nèi)容).Apparently, the purpose of the picture is to direct our attention to ________(圖畫內(nèi)涵), which is ________ to/in our life.For one thing, ________(內(nèi)涵重要意義 1).For another, ________(2).Therefore, it is essential for us to ________(針對圖畫內(nèi)涵的態(tài)度).First of all, ________(具體措施1).In addition, ________(2).With correct understanding and practical acts, we will ________(出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果).三、As is shown in the picture, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The drawing vividly illustrates ________(表達的主題).Obviously the drawing conveys the meaning that ________(圖片內(nèi)涵).As an old saying goes, ________(應(yīng)用相關(guān)諺語).This also applies to ________(擴展論證).Examples to prove the idea are abundant, and the most persuasive is ________ 舉例說明).In conclusion, ________(總結(jié)深化主題).2.教育類

      一、As is vividly portrayed in the first cartoon, ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).In contrast, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容)as shown in the second cartoon.The fact that ________(圖片體現(xiàn)的問題).For one thing, ________(問題的表現(xiàn)或原因1).For another, ________(2).Therefore, ________(問題的結(jié)果).In fact, ________(對待問題的正確態(tài)度).Accordingly, ________(應(yīng)該采取的 措施及意義).二、As is vividly depicted in the above picture, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).The caption informs us that ________(說明文字內(nèi)容).Undoubtedly, what the picture conveys is ________(圖片主題).In fact, ________(論證支持主題).As a college student, I firmly believe that ________(自己的觀點).Admittedly,________(公認(rèn)的做法).At the same time, ________(進一步的做法).It is believed that ________(總結(jié)).三、________(話題)plays a very important role in ________(起作用的方面).Without ________(話題帶來的好處), ________(結(jié)果).However, ________(現(xiàn)狀及問題).Therefore, ________(提出措施).Undoubtedly, ________(解決問題的方法)is of great necessity.On the one hand, ________(必要性體現(xiàn)1).On the other hand, ________(2).As a result, ________(總結(jié)).From my point of view, ________(個人觀點).The final way to improve the situation is ________(建議).3.社會熱點類

      一、As can be seen in the above picture, ________(圖畫的內(nèi)容).Apparently, ________(圖畫象征的含義).The purpose of the picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to ________(圖畫的主題).On the one hand, ________(主題的一個方面).For

      instance, ________(舉例說明).On the other hand, ________(主題的另一個方面).A good case in point is that ________(舉例說明).Personally, ________(我的觀點).After all, ________(問題的根本).二、The set of drawings above vividly depict a common phenomenon that________(圖片揭示的現(xiàn)象).As is portrayed in the first picture, ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).In the second one, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容).Obviously, ________(圖片的相同點/不同點).It goes without saying that ________(現(xiàn)象積極的一面).First, ________(原因1).Second, ________(原因 2).However, we have to admit that ________(現(xiàn)象的弊端).In my view, ________(對待這一現(xiàn)象的正確態(tài)度).三、As is vividly depicted in the above drawing, ________(圖片內(nèi)容).Undoubtedly, ________(圖片反映的事實).The drawer highlights the longstanding issue of ________(圖片揭示的深層問題).Nowadays, ________(對問題深入分析).Therefore, immediate measures should be taken to solve the problem of ________(正在討論的問題).To begin with, ________(措施 1).In addition, ________(措施2).In fact, ________(用一個基本事實來支持論點).4.人口環(huán)境類

      一、The above pictures present us with two situations with sharp contrast.In the first picture, we learn that ________(第一幅圖片的內(nèi)容).On the contrary, ________(第二幅圖片的內(nèi)容).It is apparent that ________(圖片的主題).The purpose of the pictures is to tell us that due attention has to be paid to ________(圖片揭示的現(xiàn)象).For example, ________(舉例說明).Consequently, ________(現(xiàn)象造成的結(jié)果).Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to deal with the urgent problem.First and foremost, ________(措施1).Furthermore, ________(措施2).二、As can be seen from the graphs, ________(圖表內(nèi)容).Apparently, ________(圖表說明的問題).There are numerous reasons for this effect, and I would explore only two of the most important ones here.First, ________(原因 1).For example, ________(舉例說明).Second, ________(原因2).For instance, ________(舉例說明).Personally, it is imperative to take effective measures to reverse the disturbing trend illustrated in the graphs.One measure is ________(措施 1).More importantly, ________(措施 2).5.健康類

      一、________(提出引出主題的問題).Of all the complaints I have heard, this is the one most frequently uttered.As is shown in the charts above, ________(圖表內(nèi)容 1).Accordingly, ________(結(jié)果).We can see from the charts that________(圖表內(nèi)容2).However, ________(討論對象的變化).According to the given figures,________(變化趨勢).There are probably several reasons responsible for the trend.In the first place, ________(變化原因1).In the second place, ________(變化原因 2).Hence, ________(結(jié)論).二、The desire for ________(美好的目標(biāo))is universal.________(正面論證支持).On the contrary, ________(反面論證支持).There are numerous ways to ________(達到目標(biāo)).First and foremost, ________(方法 1).Moreover, ________(方法2).Finally,(方法 3).As for me, ________(我的做法 1).In addition, ________(我的做法2).Therefore, ________(總結(jié)).

      第四篇:2012考研英語高分作文

      小作文復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)

      考研英語小作文考察的多是辭職信、感謝信、道歉信等20多種類型的應(yīng)用文文體,著重考察考生的邏輯思維能力和語言應(yīng)用能力。萬學(xué)海文提示2012年的廣大考生小作文具有如下特點:重格式,不輕內(nèi)容;輕思想,重交際;字?jǐn)?shù)少,易得分;重套路,難發(fā)揮。2012年的考生應(yīng)著重依照這四個特點來進行復(fù)習(xí)。

      背格式:

      小作文重格式的特點要求考生們在格式上不能犯錯,必須注意熟悉一些應(yīng)用文的格式和英文中應(yīng)用文的表達習(xí)慣。萬學(xué)海文提示考生:格式無誤是小作文得高分的第一步。

      舉2011年小作文題目為例:

      Write a letter to a friend of yours to

      1)recommend one of your favorite movies and

      2)give reasons for your recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.(10points)

      參考范文:(萬學(xué)海文:《2012考研英語歷年真題權(quán)威解析》)

      Dear Tom,I am writing, without hesitation, to share one of my favorite movies, Forest Gump, with you, which is not only conducive to your study, but also beneficial to your life.For one thing, the beautiful language in this original English movie may contribute to your study of English in listening, speaking, reading and writing.For another thing, the profound cultural elements implicit in the scene will equip you with foreign cultural background and, above all, enrich your daily life.Would you like to see this movie after my recommendation? Remember to tell me your opinion about the movie.I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Ming

      一、稱呼格式 1.用于對陌生的組織或團體負(fù)責(zé)人的稱謂:Dear Madam or Dear Sir

      2.用于對認(rèn)識但是關(guān)系很正式的個人、組織或團體負(fù)責(zé)人的稱謂:Dear Ms....or Dear Mr....3.用于對關(guān)系親密的人的稱謂:Dear Tom/Lucy(or any other name)

      二、正文格式

      縮進式: 段落之間無空行,每段開頭空四個字母。

      三、落款格式

      Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“...”instead.落款時可以使用下列萬能格式:

      Yours, Li Ming

      背范文:

      背誦是考生積極備戰(zhàn)、快速提高寫作成績的一條捷徑??忌鷳?yīng)嚴(yán)格按照真題的要求獨立寫作,對比真題解析中的范文,發(fā)掘范文中的亮點和得分點,找出自己文章中格式、語法和邏輯上的錯誤。背誦一些歷年真題解析中的優(yōu)秀范文和優(yōu)秀的小作文寫作模板來提高小作文得分。

      技巧錦囊:掌握固定格式,準(zhǔn)確用詞,注意不同類型的要點。

      布局:

      小作文的布局上一般可以分為三段展開。第一段:開門見山,直接點明主題。第二段:擺出內(nèi)容,陳述原因,羅列建議。第三段:回應(yīng)首段,再次感謝,期待回復(fù)。

      語言:

      用詞準(zhǔn)確:用詞準(zhǔn)確是最基礎(chǔ)的要求之一。

      語法正確:語法錯誤是考試的失分點所在,在小作文的寫作中應(yīng)盡量少用縮略語和口語。

      句型多變:例如既有并列句,也有復(fù)合句,還有從句。

      小作文的考查要求中會體現(xiàn)出文章的背景場合和寫作目的,考生應(yīng)針對不同情境選擇不同表達。不同的應(yīng)用文有不同的用語,萬學(xué)海文英語輔導(dǎo)老師們建議2012年的考生對某些應(yīng)用文的格式和習(xí)慣用語加以熟悉和背誦,以便運用自如。

      注意: 雖說小作文的字?jǐn)?shù)不多,但考生們最好還是不要忙于動筆,仔細審題后,先理清思路,認(rèn)真列個提綱再下筆。寫作時,萬學(xué)海文英語考研輔導(dǎo)專家們建議2012年的考生們應(yīng)注意下幾個方面的問題:第一,交代清楚目的;第二,注意關(guān)聯(lián)詞或銜接詞的運用,以便閱卷老師明了篇章結(jié)構(gòu);第三,有必要時對個人觀點進行適當(dāng)闡述;第四,用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句,行文切忌復(fù)雜。最后,完成作文以后,應(yīng)該檢查、修改,以免需要表達清楚的細節(jié)和要點被遺漏。

      2012年考研英語圖畫作文備考建議

      一、圖畫作文概括

      圖畫作文不僅需要考生描述圖畫中所給出的基本信息,更要求考生對圖畫進行更深層次的理解,即要求考生能夠讀出圖畫中所隱含的深層含義,即寓意。即文章所給出的主題是什么?這需要我們認(rèn)真研讀圖畫給我們提供的信息。

      首先,我們來看看這幾年考研圖畫作文考查的主題:

      年份 主題 捕魚 愛心是一美國女孩

      溫室的花朵

      終點也是

      父母贍養(yǎng)

      偶像

      自信

      取長

      網(wǎng)絡(luò)

      文化

      “旅2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

      崇拜 的重補短,的遠

      與近

      火鍋 程”之

      余 盞燈 與中國文化

      起點 問題 要性 合作

      互助

      從以上表格的我們可以看出,考研英語圖畫作文所考到的主旨一般跟當(dāng)今世界上熱門的話題有聯(lián)系,比如:贍養(yǎng)老人,環(huán)境保護等。因此,萬學(xué)海文英語考研輔導(dǎo)專家建議2012年的考生在復(fù)習(xí)的時候,也可以多閱讀英文文章或報刊書籍,積累素材,這樣可以使自己對話題更熟悉,做到有話可說。

      二、圖畫作文備考建議

      1、審題。

      審題很重要,包括題目中的direction部分,比如作文類型,寫作篇幅結(jié)構(gòu),篇幅長短等;審圖畫,在這方面,考生要仔細審查圖畫,認(rèn)真揣摩,從而更加準(zhǔn)確把握圖畫所傳遞的信息;提示語,一般的圖畫作文都附有提示語,提示語有兩個作用:限定和啟發(fā),考生應(yīng)該注意,利用這些信息,這些信息在很大程度上影響到審題主旨的確立,有些考生由于沒有看到或忽視了圖畫下面給出的提示語而對作文要深挖的主旨不能很好地理解,比如2010年的圖畫作文:文化火鍋(附加信息:文化“火鍋”,既美味又營養(yǎng)),它的寓意是:文化揭示出文章的話題,火鍋在這里是喻體,它的顯著特點是可以將多種材料混合,糅合,比喻多種文化的交融,美味是指各種各樣的文化豐富了人們的精神生活,營養(yǎng)指的是文化交融能給人類帶來很多好處。而當(dāng)年由于很多考生在審題上忽視了附加信息而失去了好多的分?jǐn)?shù),比如,把文化放在火鍋里亂七八糟地煮,說明文化遭受污染,說明人們不重視文化,呼吁文化保護,文化全球化的利弊分析等。以上所列舉出的對作文主旨的分析都是斷章取義,憑空臆造,想當(dāng)然。所以萬學(xué)海文建議2012年的考生在寫這類作文的時候,一定不要忘記要好好瞅瞅圖畫下面的附加信息,有時字體很小,我們更需要留心。

      詞匯。

      詞匯是英語的基礎(chǔ),是備考各類型題目的基礎(chǔ),寫作也不例外,如果詞匯不夠豐富,不會靈活運用,特別是在考研英語寫作中,如果不掌握一些增分的亮點詞匯,是寫不出一篇優(yōu)美的200個單詞左右的圖畫作文的。所以萬學(xué)海文提醒2012年的考生在平時備考的時候,一定要積累相關(guān)的詞匯,以便在考場上得心應(yīng)手。

      3,內(nèi)容的完整性。

      文章的組織是否連貫,詞的銜接是否到位等。因此,在此提醒考生應(yīng)該熟記一些表示銜接的詞或短語,茲列舉一些如下:

      轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:but, however, yet, on the contrary, contrary to, in contrast to, whereas, rather than, instead of, conversely

      讓步關(guān)系:although, even, despite, nevertheless, as, still, much as, anyhow, in any case, whatever

      總分關(guān)系:for example(分), such as(分), including(分), in sum(總), in general(總), on the whole(總)

      因果關(guān)系:because, due to, in that, owing to, since, now that, lead to, contribute to, result in, in view of, so, hence, therefore, consequently

      遞進關(guān)系:still, indeed, furthermore, besides, in addition, what is more

      條件關(guān)系:if, in the event of, so long as, unless, only if ,in case, provided that,并列關(guān)系:and, as well as, likewise, not...only...but also...時間關(guān)系:when, while, as, after, before, since, until, as soon as, once, simultaneously, at the same time, whenever

      目的關(guān)系:so that, in order that, lest, for fear that,經(jīng)典句型:this is an interesting and thought—provoking picture.As is depicted(conveyed, illustrated)in the picture, we can deduce that?

      The meaning conveyed by the picture is clear but profound The two pictures reveal a not uncommon social phenomenon that?

      考生在備考圖畫作文的時候,萬學(xué)海文考研輔導(dǎo)老師溫馨小提示:一定要認(rèn)真審題,揣摩作者的意圖,以便在文章主旨的理解和結(jié)構(gòu)的搭建上做到心中有數(shù),考生還要特別注意圖畫下面附加信息的作用,它的作用千萬不能小覷,除此外,相關(guān)詞匯的積累,銜接詞、短語的積累也是十分重要的。

      2012考研英語大作文寫作模式指導(dǎo)

      考研作文分為Part A、Part B兩部分,也就是我們通常所說的大作文、小作文,考生在短期內(nèi)通過努力可以快速提高。一般以漫畫為主是大作文的考試風(fēng)格,題材多選擇議論文。一般漫畫都直觀、簡單,考生的寫作重點著重于下:

      一、描寫漫畫:50個單詞左右。該部分寫作要求語言簡練、無語病。

      二、110-150個單詞左右,按照題目要求的步驟分段寫作,題目可能是要求考生解釋圖片隱含的深意表明立場并舉例(如2007年),也有可能是反省圖片反映現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的后果并表述自己觀點(2006年),等。我們選取萬學(xué)海文《2012考研英語歷年真題權(quán)威解析(2002-2011)》中的部分優(yōu)秀例句為考生復(fù)習(xí)大作文進行參考。

      大作文的構(gòu)造一般包括開頭段、擴展段(可以有多個)和結(jié)尾段。開頭段和結(jié)尾段通常短于擴展段。

      一、開頭段

      簡要描述圖片:

      As is vividly depicted in the picture...As is portrayed in the enlightening picture,...As is unfolded in the picture above, we can see that...As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relationship between...and...In the picture presented to us, we can see...The picture symbolically depicts that...The terrible scene depicted in the cartoon shows that...The picture vividly shows...The above two pictures have shaped contrast to each other.As is shown in the first drawing,...In contrast,...The above two pictures have shaped sharp contrast to each other.In one picture,....But in the other,...The most striking feature of the drawing is...The purpose of the picture is to show us that...We can deduce form this picture that...二、擴展段

      基本要求:

      1.篇幅長于開頭段、結(jié)尾段;

      2.每段都有相應(yīng)的主題句;

      3.包含論證、解釋、評論等;

      常用句型:

      On the one hand, many people hold a view that...On the other hand, others argue that...This picture does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon that...The picture conveys a deep and soul-stirring meaning.Though this picture only describes..., yet it demonstrates a universal law that...The drawing sets us thinking too much due to...It is most likely that the drawer means to compare...to...in the drawing and reflect a problem in...For one thing,...For another,...It can be easily spotted that...It goes without saying that the picture indicates that...Obviously, the picture indicates that...Undoubtedly, the picture arouses deep concern over the issue of...Sample as it is, the meaning conveyed by the picture is clear and profound.三、結(jié)尾段 提出看法,常用句型:

      What it comes to...This picture does reflect a thought-provoking social phenomenon that....In sum, it is essential for us to...Therefore, it is imperative that we should take some effective measures.Only in this way can the tragedy described above be avoided and only in this way can the society become more harmonious to live.The answer seems self-evident: what we should learn...Numerous examples can demonstrate the power of a positive attitude.Only by..., can we demonstrate grace under pressure and turn our dreams into reality.We can frequently use the drawings to enlighten people to...It is, therefore, necessary that some effective steps be made to...All things considered, I hold that...常用詞語:

      1、總結(jié)關(guān)系過渡詞語

      generally, in general, generally speaking, as a general rule, to take the above opinion to an extreme, to take the idea further, to some extent;as for me, as far as I am concerned, in my opinion, on a larger scale, in one sense, in a way,undoubtedly, obviously, in terms of, in conclusion, in a word, in summary,in brief, to sum up, on the whole, to conclude...2、比較對比關(guān)系過渡詞語

      in common, in the same way, the same as, like, likewise, similarly, equally important, whereas, yet, but, however, nevertheless, otherwise, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, rather than, conversely, instead, in/by contrast...3、列舉關(guān)系過渡詞語

      such as, as an example, for example, for instance, as a case in point, thus, first and foremost, last but not least, first of all, in the first place, to start with, to begin with, also, next, besides, moreover, furthermore, what is more, in addition(to that), for one thing, for another thing, eventually, finally, initially...4、因果關(guān)系過渡詞語

      as, for, since, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently, due to, owing to, thanks to, because(of), on account of, result in(from),as a result of, as a consequence, for the reason that...5、讓步關(guān)系過渡詞語

      Although, despite, after all, granted that, even though, in spite of...6、強調(diào)關(guān)系過渡詞語

      especially, particularly, above all, most important of all, surely, certainly, obviously, no doubt, to be sure, in deed, in fact, even worse, needless to say, anyway...大作文五大命題規(guī)律

      歷年的考研作文都是與當(dāng)下結(jié)合非常緊密的題材,考生也都會按照相應(yīng)的方法進行復(fù)習(xí)。那么,作為考研英語的最后一道題目,大作文也有自己的命題規(guī)律。萬學(xué)海文英語考研輔導(dǎo)專家們根據(jù)多年的輔導(dǎo)經(jīng)驗總結(jié)出了以下五大規(guī)律,以供2012年的考研同學(xué)們進行參考。

      1.關(guān)注熱點。

      2006年關(guān)注偶像崇拜現(xiàn)象,2009年關(guān)注網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題,2011年的考察環(huán)保問題,都是大眾或者是青年人關(guān)注的熱點。在年底時可以從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上搜集到本年份大事記,從而有側(cè)重的準(zhǔn)備相關(guān)詞匯和句型。萬學(xué)海文提醒2012年的考生注意:出題者為避免作文題目被猜中,往往可能會將熱點延遲進行命題。所以考生在準(zhǔn)備大作文的時候可以參考本年和前一年所發(fā)生的大事進行預(yù)測。

      2.與大學(xué)英語四、六級考試有關(guān)聯(lián)。

      2008年6月的CET6作文題目:《電子書是否可以替代傳統(tǒng)書籍?》,2009年考研英語作文的題目是《網(wǎng)絡(luò)的近與遠》;2009年12月的CET6作文關(guān)注“參加各種藝術(shù)培訓(xùn)班”,2009年6月的CET4作文圍繞著“博物館”,2010年考研英語大作文題目是《文化火鍋》,可見,考研大作文題目偶爾與四級考試的作文題目相關(guān),常常與六級考試的作文題目相關(guān),近期CET考試的作文題目為考生們提供了練筆、積累素材的好資源。

      3.考題傾向于大型宏觀話題。

      2001年愛心,2003年成長,2005年家庭,2010年文化,2011年環(huán)保。試卷中給出的圖片、圖表只是表達局部或單個情況,入口小,話題大,命題從來不在細枝末節(jié)具體環(huán)節(jié)、或個別事件上做文章。社會積極面是命題主旨的趨向,考生需要以成熟主流的心態(tài)來思考問題的積極解決方案、在圖畫寓意中發(fā)現(xiàn)哲理。

      4.避開政治和敏感話題

      為避免過多的爭議,政治話題因其觀點難以達成普遍共識,是非曲直難以一時斷定,不適合成為考題。敏感性話題同樣也不適合成為考研英語的作文題目。

      5.命題中的“和諧社會”傾向

      圍繞主流思想和時代背景,考研作文命題團隊已經(jīng)逐漸形成了以“和諧社會”為核心的命題思路和模式。可以用和諧的三個不同層次對“和諧社會”傾向下的作文話題進行劃分:和諧發(fā)展之——個體,和諧發(fā)展之——個人、他人與社會,和諧發(fā)展之——人與自然。密切關(guān)注此類話題,掌握與“和諧”相關(guān)語詞備考,是考生備考的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。

      第五篇:考研英語高分經(jīng)驗

      過來人分享:考研英語80分高分經(jīng)驗分享

      來源:萬學(xué)海文【考試大:考試專家,成就夢想!】2010年11月24日

      把考英語的體會當(dāng)作重點介紹給大家,一方面是因為我考的比較理想,但更重要的一點是復(fù)習(xí)英語我確實有很多的感觸至今仍記憶尤新,我從心底愿與你們分享我備考英語的酸甜苦辣。

      在2010年的考研考試中,我意料之中的考上了報考的學(xué)校,可也意料之外的英語得了80分的高分。在專業(yè)課和公共課的所有科目里,我在英語上下的功夫最大,格外用心,也確實總結(jié)了一些實際可用的經(jīng)驗。

      之所以要把考英語的體會當(dāng)作重點介紹給大家,一方面是因為我考的比較理想,但更重要的一點是復(fù)習(xí)英語我確實有很多的感觸至今仍記憶尤新,我從心底愿與你們分享我備考英語的酸甜苦辣。

      從心底接受學(xué)習(xí):“心勤”

      “書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟”,學(xué)習(xí)任何知識尤其是語言都是沒有捷徑可尋的,如果說“書山”真的有路的話,那只有“勤”,但這個“勤”還必須遵循學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律方能攀上“書山”見到一些風(fēng)景得到一些體會。“勤”的具體形式因人而異,因為每個人都有自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法,但無論形式如何不同,在本質(zhì)上都是一樣的,就是 “心勤”,只有用心才能得到最好的學(xué)習(xí)花朵。所以我學(xué)習(xí)英語的最大的體會就是:遵循學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律,用心做好每一步。用心記單詞:聯(lián)想法

      大家知道,單詞是學(xué)習(xí)英語的基礎(chǔ)。單詞記不住,一切都是空話,想最對試題更是癡人說夢。所以要學(xué)好和考好英語我們必須把單詞放在第一位,花費大量的時間去記和背它們。但是記憶單詞的方法因人而異,有的同學(xué)喜歡默讀,有的同學(xué)習(xí)慣通過上下文情景記憶單詞。而我記單詞的唯一方法就是先讀再出聲的背,同時拿筆寫下我學(xué)的單詞以及我學(xué)這個或這些單詞時的靈感或者體悟。

      大學(xué)四年,我的英語一直都是系里比較優(yōu)秀的,我覺得這樣的背單詞的方式對我?guī)椭艽蟆>唧w到考研詞匯,我同樣是那樣背的,只是我背的更加用心,而且需要強調(diào)的是我不只用心背更要反復(fù)背,我背了兩種類型的考研詞匯,一種是分課帶有文章的,一種是純單詞的,這兩種詞匯我背了五六遍!當(dāng)然我背的時間是隨著我對單詞的熟悉和理解的加深而逐漸變少的,所以大家千萬不要怕多背幾遍單詞,熟能生巧!但是記住無論你什么時候背單詞,都要專心都要用心,只有那樣你才能鞏固已學(xué)的發(fā)現(xiàn)未知的,在熟悉和聯(lián)想中達到溫故而知新的效果。

      讀不懂也能做對:語感的功勞

      很多考生都有共同的感受就是有時候讀懂了但是做不對題目,有時候讀不懂反而能做對題。尤其是對于語言的學(xué)習(xí),語感是非常重要的。我培養(yǎng)和增強語感的辦法就是每天都做到聽說讀寫英語。

      關(guān)于聽,我當(dāng)時是聽英語真題和一些英文電影歌曲之類的,現(xiàn)在聽力放在復(fù)試當(dāng)中了,所以沒有必要專門聽做測試型的那種聽力了,但聽力還是以稍難度清晰些為好,這有利于培

      養(yǎng)你對英語的認(rèn)知與熱愛。

      關(guān)于說,我是有空就跟我的學(xué)習(xí)伙伴說兩句英語的,感覺比較有意思吧。

      關(guān)于讀,我認(rèn)為是最重要的了,可以說每天早上我都花費大量的時間讀英語,最初是對21世紀(jì)或者英語世界等報刊雜志上的英語短篇什么的,后來快考試了我就讀我作過的真題,讀真題上面的文章尤其我做錯的題和作文范文。這個方法我自己的感受就是通過讀真題,不但培養(yǎng)了我對考研試題的語感,有加深了對真題理解,是一個知道錯在哪里又對在哪里的過程,而這我覺得最重要不過了。

      關(guān)于寫,我是經(jīng)常寫英語日記或者感想什么的,后來做真題時我是每做一套題都把作文也按規(guī)定時間和要求寫下來的了,做完題后我還要對照和抄下范文,總之,從開始做真題,我每天至少寫一篇英語短文,我覺得這也很有用的,它可以在提高你的寫作能力的同時給你放松和自信,使你有良好的應(yīng)試心態(tài)。

      滾瓜爛熟于心:真題

      首先,一定要認(rèn)真對待真題,可以說,你把歷年真題做熟了理解透了,即使你其他任何英語資料都不看你也能取得高分;其次,要制定明確的做題計劃,比如每周做幾次還有什么時間做等;再次,要完整地做真題,就是說,要在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)把整套題包括作文都做完,因為做真題就應(yīng)該在考試一樣,這樣可以不斷增強你應(yīng)試的能力和輕松自如的心態(tài);最后,要反復(fù)做真題,在反復(fù)做的過程中對做過的尤其是做錯的題要多問為什么,只有這樣你才能達到使真題和真正的考試融為一體的境界!

      我當(dāng)時做真題大概做了五六遍吧,后來考試時我覺得自己都“麻木”了,沒有覺得考試題和真題有什么不同,我認(rèn)為這很好的。

      輕松備戰(zhàn):不畏挫折的心態(tài)

      關(guān)于心態(tài),我想說的是,一定要學(xué)會和保持放松,只要你努力了,任何時候都不要放棄,即使偶爾遇到了挫折。記得考試前兩天我還做了一套卷,結(jié)果算下來,我恐怕只能得60多分,當(dāng)時我真是有些崩潰了------但我不想放棄,我想什么都不管了,只管考試就可以了,反正我一直都在努力了,結(jié)果我把握不住也沒什么遺憾的!事實證明我的所想所做都是正確的,在上了考場后,我依然按照自己復(fù)習(xí)時的套路答題,很從容的提前5分鐘就把題做完了,考下來感覺很好,最后結(jié)果證明也比較理想!

      記住只要你努力了就不要考慮后果,人生總有適合你去的地方的,即使失敗了又何妨!但是,放松決不意味著你不認(rèn)真,考試那兩天無論如何你要保持緊張而清醒的頭腦,記住什么事情都不能打擾你做完做好你應(yīng)該做的事,“行百里者半九十”,最后是關(guān)鍵這句話一定要記在心中。

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