第一篇：六級(jí)翻譯總結(jié)

六級(jí)翻譯概論

1.翻譯內(nèi)容：

中國(guó)歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展。

2.重大語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤：主干，時(shí)態(tài)。

3.解題步驟：

第一步：拆分句子

技巧：如果句子長(zhǎng)度多于7個(gè)字，逗號(hào)獨(dú)立成句

第二步：找主干，進(jìn)行逐句翻譯

第三步：檢查

（1）檢查拼寫是否正確

（2）檢查單復(fù)數(shù)是否正確、主謂是否一致（3）檢查句子銜接

詞匯詞組翻譯

1.詞義選擇

(1)根據(jù)上下文準(zhǔn)確理解漢語(yǔ)詞義 周邊地區(qū)surrounding areas 理想的地方an ideal place 占主導(dǎo)地位play a leading role in/be dominated by(2)根據(jù)固定詞組和搭配選擇英語(yǔ)用詞

西方服飾／民族服飾western clothing/national costume 可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainable development 經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)special ecnomiczone 試驗(yàn)田experimental plot 改革開放the reform and openning up 以人為本people-oriented “資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)resource-saing and environment-friendly society

2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

漢語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞&英語(yǔ)的并列成分、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、從句、名詞、形容詞（詞組）等 Eg.促進(jìn)節(jié)能減排

promote energy saving / conservation and emission reduction 3.詞語(yǔ)增補(bǔ)(1)無(wú)主句

書到后（顧客）應(yīng)立即付款

You are supposed to pay right after the books are delivered.(2)連詞

（只要）留得青山在，（就）不怕沒(méi)柴燒。

As long as the green hills are there, one need not worry about firewood.(3)介詞

2006年

in 2006

4.詞語(yǔ)省略

(1)范疇詞（情況、工作、水平、局面、行為等）

approximately(2)修辭效果（華麗辭藻）

花園里面是人間的樂(lè)園，有的是吃不完的的大米白面，穿不完的綾羅綢緞，花不完的金銀財(cái)寶。

The garden was a paradise on earth, with more food and clothes than could be consumed and more money than could be spent.(3)表達(dá)習(xí)慣 修改完善

modify …(to make it perfect去掉)

5.難詞處理

(1)同/近義詞；

(2)解釋

政府應(yīng)該提供資助給難民。

The government should provide financial support for people who are suffering from disasters.6.成語(yǔ)習(xí)語(yǔ) eg.木已成舟

三個(gè)臭皮匠，頂個(gè)諸葛亮(1)約定俗成的譯法； The die is cast.Two heads are better than one.(2)根據(jù)原文直譯

We are where we are.What's done is done.Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang, the mastermind

句子句法翻譯

三種?？季湫徒Y(jié)構(gòu)： 主謂賓：誰(shuí)干了什么

主系表：什么是什么 / 什么怎么樣 存在句：there be

一、主謂賓

中國(guó)人自古以來(lái)就在中秋時(shí)節(jié)慶祝豐收。?主干

中國(guó)人慶祝豐收→主謂賓 ?核心動(dòng)詞

慶?！鷆elebrate Since ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn Festival.二、主系表

旗袍（qipao）是一種雅致的中國(guó)服裝。?主干

旗袍是服裝 → 主系表 ?核心動(dòng)詞 是 → is

Qipao is a kind of elegant Chinese dress.三、存在句 有→

①擁有 have ②存在 there be

句子時(shí)態(tài)翻譯

如何確定時(shí)態(tài)？

PK 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)------楊國(guó)威 一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)

二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

eg.聯(lián)合國(guó)的“千年（millennium）發(fā)展目標(biāo)”在中國(guó)均已達(dá)到或即將達(dá)到。

The Millennium Development Goals of the U.N.either have been achieved or will be achieved soon in China.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) ?基本用法

1、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) e.g.The boys are reading books.2、通常與now / at present / today / these days等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。e.g.He is working at home today.? “正”、“正在”→ 動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生 → 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 中國(guó)的創(chuàng)新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃發(fā)展。【2016.06 CET6】 China's innovation is having a great boom at an unprecedented rate.中國(guó)的大學(xué)和研究所正在積極開展創(chuàng)新研究?！?016.06 CET6】

Universities and research institutes in China are actively carrying out innovative researches.中國(guó)造產(chǎn)品越來(lái)越受歡迎?！?015.12 CET6】

Products made in China are becoming more and more popular.句子語(yǔ)態(tài)翻譯

盡量用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)翻譯

1、被、受、為……所 “被”

?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)：has / have + been + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞

至今已有約120個(gè)中文詞被加進(jìn)了牛津英語(yǔ)詞典，成了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的一部分。Up to now, about 120 Chinese words have been added to it, becoming a part of English language.“受”

中國(guó)父母還認(rèn)為，如果孩子能在社會(huì)上取得大的成就，父母就會(huì)受到尊重。Chinese parents also hold the belief（認(rèn)為）that if their children could achieve great success in the society, tthe parents themselves would be respected.“為……所” 隨著旅行多了，年輕人在大城市和著名景點(diǎn)花的時(shí)間少了，他們反而更為偏遠(yuǎn)的地方所吸引。

With more travel, young people spend less time in big cities and famous sights.Instead, they are attracted to more remote places.2、預(yù)計(jì)、據(jù)說(shuō)、傳說(shuō) “預(yù)計(jì)”

it is estimated that “據(jù)說(shuō)”“傳說(shuō)”

據(jù)說(shuō)他的風(fēng)箏用木頭和竹子制作，飛了三天后才落地。

It is said that his kite, made of wood and bamboo, had been flying for three days before landing.“據(jù)報(bào)道”

It is reported that

3、人們

漢語(yǔ)句子里“人們”（有時(shí)會(huì)省略）有的時(shí)候是泛指，本身并不強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)作主體“人們”，應(yīng)處理為被動(dòng)句。

人們還會(huì)在門上粘貼紅色的對(duì)聯(lián)，對(duì)聯(lián)的主題為健康、發(fā)財(cái)和好運(yùn)。

Doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck.4、無(wú)標(biāo)記詞

很有可能這件商品是中國(guó)造的。

Chances are /It is probable that the product is made in China.宴席通常至少有一道湯，可以最先或最后上桌。

There is usually at least a bowl of soup, which could be served either at the beginning or at the end of the banquet.使用從句翻譯

從句句型

定語(yǔ)從句

1.作用：對(duì)前面的名詞進(jìn)行修飾限定 2.引導(dǎo)詞：

關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that 關(guān)系副詞：where, why, when, 介詞 + which 另外，北京還將更嚴(yán)厲地處罰違反限排規(guī)定的行為。

In addition, Beijing will punish those who violate the regulations of emission limitation more severely.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

逗號(hào)（句號(hào)）+ 此、這、那、這種、那種、是、其、其中，有些 → which, whose, some of which 他說(shuō)以前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)她，這不是真的。

He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.中國(guó)人自古以來(lái)就在中秋時(shí)節(jié)慶祝豐收。這與北美地區(qū)慶祝感恩節(jié)的習(xí)俗十分相似。

Since the ancient times, the Chinese people usually celebrate harvest in the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving in the North America.狀語(yǔ)從句

1.作用：在句中作狀語(yǔ)

具體可細(xì)分為：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、條件、讓步等從句 2.引導(dǎo)詞： 時(shí)間

when, as, while, since, as soon as … 讓步

although, though, even if, even though … 條件

if, unless, as long as … 原因

because, as, since, for …

賓語(yǔ)從句

1.作用：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ) 2.引導(dǎo)詞：

? that--有時(shí)可省略 ?if / whether ?特殊疑問(wèn)詞（what, why, when …）

主語(yǔ)從句

1.作用：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ) 2.引導(dǎo)詞：均不能省略 ?that ?whether ?特殊疑問(wèn)詞（what, why, when …）?it

表語(yǔ)從句

1.作用：在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ) 2.引導(dǎo)詞： ?that ?whether ?特殊疑問(wèn)詞（what, why, when …）

同位語(yǔ)從句

我該不該辭職，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。

The question whether I should quit my job requires consideration.使用非謂翻譯

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類 1.動(dòng)詞不定式 2.動(dòng)名詞

3.分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞）

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法

——作主語(yǔ)（可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)）?不定式

確保大熊貓的生存比以往更重要。

To ensure the survival of the giant panda is more important than ever.?動(dòng)名詞

踢足球?qū)δ愕慕】涤幸妗?/p>

Playing football is good for your health.[現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞均不能做句子中的主語(yǔ)]

——作賓語(yǔ)（可以用it作形式賓語(yǔ)）?不定式

最近，中國(guó)政府決定將其工業(yè)升級(jí)。

Recently, the Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry.?動(dòng)名詞

一些有影響的人士甚至建議將旗袍作為中國(guó)女性的民族服飾。

Some influential figures even suggest making Qipao a national costume for Chinese women.——作定語(yǔ) ?不定式

由于其獨(dú)特的地位，深圳也是國(guó)內(nèi)外企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)的理想之地。

Due to its unique status, the city is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start up their businesses.?動(dòng)名詞

春節(jié)期間閱覽室仍對(duì)外開放。

The reading room will remain open during the Spring Festival.漁村 a fishing village ?現(xiàn)在分詞

與此同時(shí)，無(wú)論在產(chǎn)品還是商業(yè)模式上，中國(guó)企業(yè)家也在努力爭(zhēng)做創(chuàng)新的先鋒，以適應(yīng)國(guó)內(nèi)外消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)不斷變化和增長(zhǎng)的需求。

Meanwhile, in order to adapt to the demand of domestic and overseas consumer markets which is constantly changingand growing … ?過(guò)去分詞

中國(guó)宴席上典型的菜單包括開席的一套涼菜及其后的熱菜，例如肉類、雞鴨、蔬菜等。

A typical Chinese banquet menu includes cold dishes served at the beginning, followed by hot dishes, such as meat, poultry, vegetables and so on.作狀語(yǔ)

?不定式（表目的）

他們還與各地的科技園合作，使創(chuàng)新成果商業(yè)化。

They are also working collaboratively with science and technology parks in different places to commercialize their innovative achievements.?現(xiàn)在分詞（表原因）

它最先向其他文化敞開大門，對(duì)外貿(mào)易興旺。

Being the first dynasty to open the door to other cultures, it excelled in foreign trade.?過(guò)去分詞（表?xiàng)l件）

再給我五分鐘，我也可以答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Given another five minutes, I can also work out this problem.翻譯高分案例

The ideal of rural life reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization, which, to a large extent, can be attributed to Taoist affection towards nature.There are two favorite themes in traditional Chinese paintings.One theme depicts various happy scenes of family life, in which, more often than not, the elderly drink tea and play chess, men sow and reap in the fields, women weave cloth and sew clothes, and children play outside.The other theme illustrates all the pleasure you can have living in the countryside.積累---竭力

try one's best to strive to go all out to

屈從 follow 意愿 wishes

報(bào)名 sign up / apply / enroll 重點(diǎn)學(xué)校 key schools 錄取 be accepted by 堅(jiān)持 insist stick to

be willing to do 愿意做

顧及 take into consideration

creditable adj.值得稱贊的（≈ worth praising）

attach importance to 重視（≈ take … seriously）

The government has set goals to reduce pollution, enhance energy efficiency, improve educational opportunities and

medical insurance, and expand social security.政府已設(shè)定目標(biāo)減少污染，提高能源效率，改善得到教育和醫(yī)保的機(jī)會(huì)，并擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障。

?物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn) tangible cultural heritage ?非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn) intangible cultural heritage

第二篇：六級(jí)翻譯

時(shí)光的唯一作用就在于它篩出了糟粕，因?yàn)橹挥姓嬲齼?yōu)秀的文學(xué)作品才能存留下來(lái)。那些杰出的偉人不會(huì)從這個(gè)世界消失，它們的靈魂保存在書本里，云游四方。書是活的聲音，它所包含的智慧今人依然聆聽(tīng)。因此，我們依然時(shí)刻受到過(guò)去偉人的影響。那些世界巨匠像過(guò)去一樣活在人世間。

The only effect of time has been to sift out the bad products;for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.The great and good do not die from this world.Embalmed in books,their spirits walk abroad.The book is a living voice.It is an intellect to which one still listens.The great and the good will be always remembered as time goes by.書籍具有不朽的精神，他們是迄今為止人類所創(chuàng)造持續(xù)最久的產(chǎn)品。宇宙會(huì)損壞，塑像會(huì)頹廢，但是書籍卻能常存人間。對(duì)于思想而言，時(shí)間并不重要，它們今天讓然能同多年前第一次在作者的頭腦中剛剛產(chǎn)生時(shí)那樣鮮活。當(dāng)年的話語(yǔ)和思想如今依然通過(guò)書本在向我們生動(dòng)的述說(shuō)。

Books possess the essence of immortality.They are by far the most lasting products of human effort.The universe can be damaged,temples and statues decay,but books survive.Time is of no account with great thoughts,which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author's minds ages ago.What was then said an thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page.老年為少年之過(guò)來(lái)人，少年為老年之候補(bǔ)者，老與少，只不過(guò)時(shí)間上之差別而已。然中國(guó)習(xí)慣，對(duì)老少之間，往往劃有無(wú)形界限。在客觀上，有時(shí)重老而輕少，有時(shí)重少而輕老。在主觀上，老者自恃其老，少年自矜其少。幾千年來(lái)，遂形成老者自以為持重練達(dá)而菲薄少年為少不更事；而少年自以為新銳精進(jìn)而輕蔑老者為老朽昏庸。此真所謂偏頗兩失之見(jiàn)也。Old Age and Young The aged are the antecedents of the young, and the young are the candidates of the aged.The difference between age and youth is only a matter of time.But, according to the Chinese custom, there is always an invisible line of demarcation between them.Objectively speaking,sometimes the aged are held in esteem and the young are made light of;sometimes it is just the other way round.Subjectively speaking, the aged are self-conceited because of their good old age, while the young think no small beer of their own youth.For thousands of years it has been assumed that the aged, thinking themselves experienced and more skillful, look down upon the young for their greenness in worldly affairs, while the young, thinking themselves fresh in life and more energetic, call the aged old fogies.Either of these views, of course, is far from being impartial.《紅樓夢(mèng)》問(wèn)世二百年以來(lái),通過(guò)漢文原文和各種譯文讀過(guò)此書的人,不知有多少億！這么多的讀者哪一個(gè)是先看批評(píng)家的文章,然而再讓批評(píng)家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無(wú)僅有的。一切文學(xué)作品,特別是象《紅樓夢(mèng)》這樣偉大的作品,內(nèi)容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會(huì)層面異常地多,簡(jiǎn)直象是一個(gè)寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復(fù)雜，他們來(lái)讀《紅樓夢(mèng)》，會(huì)各就自己的特點(diǎn)，欣賞該書中的某一個(gè)方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛(ài)；也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡?？傊乔Р钊f(wàn)別。Ever since the publication of

A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental

one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve diverse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own individuality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, there actions vary.一個(gè)好青年必須身體健康。無(wú)論從事什么行業(yè)，健康的身體才是成功的基礎(chǔ)。它使我們能夠努力工作，堅(jiān)定不移；使我能夠奮斗，堅(jiān)持下去。除此之外，我們更能適應(yīng)當(dāng)前的工作，能為成功而奮斗，能夠忍受艱苦，能夠報(bào)效國(guó)家。一個(gè)好青年必須培養(yǎng)良好，高尚的品格。很多學(xué)問(wèn)淵博的人誤入歧途。他們對(duì)社會(huì)甚至對(duì)國(guó)家的破壞大于貢獻(xiàn)。他們只追求自己的利益，而不知道道德為何物。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)看來(lái)，“德行”對(duì)一個(gè)優(yōu)秀青年更為重要。對(duì)于一個(gè)好青年來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)問(wèn)是自己的事，不能依靠別人。

A good young man must have a healthy body condition.No matter what kind of job you engaged in,a healthy body is the base of success.It makes us work hard and unswervingly;it makes us endeavor and insist.Besides these,we can adapt to the present job better,fight for the success,bear the hardships and serve our country.A good young man must cultivate a fine and lofty character..Many learned people go astray and the harm they have done to the society or even the country exceeds his dedication.They only chased after their personal interests without knowing what the morality is.From this point of view,“morality”is more important to an excellent young man.To a good young man,knowledge is his own business,and he can not depend on others.九寨溝的山水風(fēng)光，縱有萬(wàn)麗千奇，一旦離開原始的自然美，就一切都沒(méi)有了?！彼麄兊囊?jiàn)解是精辟的。當(dāng)你步入溝中，便可見(jiàn)樹正群海蕩漾生輝，瀑布舒灑碧玉。一到金秋，滿山楓葉絳紅。盛夏，湖山幽翠。仲春，樹綠花艷?四時(shí)都呈現(xiàn)出它的天然原始，寧?kù)o幽深。All the beauty of Jiuzhaigou is endowed by nature.If the natural charm were removed, there would be no more of Jiuzhaigou.Mystic lakes and sparkling waterfalls captivate your eyes as you enter the ravine.The trees are their greenest in spring when intensified by colorful flowers.In summer, warm tints spread over the hills and lake lands.As summer merges into autumn, the maple trees turn fiery-red, splashing color through the thickly forested hills.Tranquility pervades primitive Jiuzhaigou throughout the year.近代以來(lái)，亞洲經(jīng)歷了曲折和艱難的發(fā)展歷程。亞洲人們?yōu)楦淖冏约旱拿\(yùn)，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進(jìn)道路。今天，人們所看到的亞洲發(fā)展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結(jié)果。

亞洲人民深知，世界上沒(méi)有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的發(fā)展模式，也沒(méi)有一成不變的發(fā)展道路，亞洲人民勇于變革創(chuàng)新，不斷開拓進(jìn)取，探索和開辟適應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流，符合自身實(shí)際的發(fā)展道路，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展打開了廣闊前景。

In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny,the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging

path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.截至2003年12月，歐盟15個(gè)成員國(guó)來(lái)華投資項(xiàng)目數(shù)已達(dá)16158個(gè)，合同外資金額約650億美元，實(shí)際投入378億美元。與此同時(shí)，中國(guó)的一些大企業(yè)如聯(lián)想、海爾、華為、TCL等，也開始在歐盟投資設(shè)廠或成立營(yíng)銷、研發(fā)中心。歐盟還一直是中國(guó)引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)和設(shè)備的重要來(lái)源。中國(guó)與歐盟在先進(jìn)技術(shù)，尤其是高科技產(chǎn)品方面的合作有助于歐盟擴(kuò)大對(duì)華出口，也有利于中國(guó)企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)、技術(shù)更新，符合雙方利益，具有很大的發(fā)展空間。

By the end of December 2003, the 15 members of the EU had altogether invested in 16,158 projects in China with the contractual investment worth of US$ 65 billion and with the actually utilized investment ofUS$ 37.8 billion.At the same time, some of China's big companies like Lenovo, Haier, Huawei Technologyand TCL have started to make investment in the EU member states to establish plants or marketing, R centers.The EU has always been an important source of technology and equipment import for China.The Sino-EU cooperation in the field of advanced technologies,especially the new and high-tech products, helps expand the EU export to China and also helps Chinese enterprises upgrade their industries, renovate their technologies.All these are in the interests of both sides and have considerable space for further growth.盡管全球大量的電子產(chǎn)品和鞋等都是中國(guó)制造，但這些產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)都是在歐美或日本完成的。中國(guó)公司制造自己品牌的產(chǎn)品時(shí)，通常是模仿國(guó)外。但如今不同了，他們都想開創(chuàng)自己的品牌。隨著中國(guó)公司在設(shè)計(jì)上的改進(jìn)，跨國(guó)公司意識(shí)到，他們的產(chǎn)品需要專門針對(duì)中國(guó)消費(fèi)者的品味進(jìn)行“量身定做”了。這些使中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)開始繁榮起來(lái)。

Although large numbers of global electronic products and shoes are made in China,the design of these products are finished by Europe and America of Japan.In the past,the Chinese companies usually imitated foreign countries when producing their own brand products.But nowadays it is all different.They want to create their own brand.Along with the design improvement of the Chinese companies,the multination companies realize that their product need to be “tailored”to be the taste of Chinese consumers.All of these make the Chinese design industry become prosperous.我們的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，必須從中國(guó)的實(shí)際出發(fā)。無(wú)論是革命還是建設(shè)，都要注意學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒外國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但是，照抄照搬別國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、別國(guó)模式，從來(lái)不能得到成功。這方面我們有過(guò)教訓(xùn)。把馬克思主義的普遍真理同我國(guó)的具體實(shí)際結(jié)合起來(lái)，走自己的道路，建設(shè)有中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義，這就是我們總結(jié)長(zhǎng)期歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)得出的基本結(jié)論。

Our country's modernization must start from the reality of China.Either on the revolution of the construction we need to learn and draw the experience from the foreign countries.But we will never win the success if we mechanically copy other countries' experience or formats.We have already had the lesson in this aspect.It is the basic conclusion which we summarized the long-term historical experience that we should combine the Marxism's universal truth with out specific situation together,walking on our own roads and building up the socialism with Chineseaharacteristic.

第三篇：六級(jí) 翻譯（范文模版）

上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)，稱之為“pilot free trade zone”（簡(jiǎn)寫pilot FTZ）。其中“pilot”一詞為“試驗(yàn)”之義。商務(wù)部的英文頁(yè)面在發(fā)布相關(guān)信息時(shí)，也曾有“China(Shanghai）Pilot FTZ”的表述

“一帶一路（One Belt and One Road）”是指“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶（the Silk Road Economic Belt）”和“21世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路（the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road）”。總書記在去年9月和10月分別提出建設(shè)“一帶”和“一路”的戰(zhàn)略構(gòu)想，強(qiáng)調(diào)相關(guān)各國(guó)要打造互利共贏的“利益共同體（benefit community）”和共同發(fā)展繁榮的“命運(yùn)共同體（fate community）”。

“一帶一路”是習(xí)近平擔(dān)任中國(guó)最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之后提出的重要國(guó)際性合作倡議（international cooperation initiative）之一?！耙粠б宦贰钡慕ㄔO(shè)，順應(yīng)了全球化趨勢(shì)和各國(guó)抱團(tuán)取暖、共同合作的愿望，有著良好的發(fā)展前景。此次APEC北京峰會(huì)還將討論啟動(dòng)亞太自由貿(mào)易區(qū)（the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific），一旦與“一帶一路”成功對(duì)接，將史無(wú)前例地將北美、西歐、東亞這三大世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中心連為一體，塑造世界地緣經(jīng)濟(jì)（geo-economy）的新格局。

另一個(gè)熱門辭匯是習(xí)近平說(shuō)的“老虎蒼蠅一起打”，外媒直譯成“Hunting Tigers and Flies”。

外媒報(bào)道中國(guó)的熱門辭匯是：“中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)”譯為“China's New Normal”；“一帶一路”譯為“The Belt and Road Initiatives”；

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+（Internet Plus）

出處：我想站在“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”的風(fēng)口上順勢(shì)而為，會(huì)使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)飛起來(lái)。（李克強(qiáng)答記者問(wèn)）

2015年譯文：Everyone stands a chance to fly when there is favorable wind blowing from behind.I believe with the tail wind generated by our Internet Plus strategy we will be able to bring Chinese economy offto a new level.中國(guó)制造2025（Made in China 2025）

出處：要實(shí)施“中國(guó)制造2025”，堅(jiān)持創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)、智能轉(zhuǎn)型、強(qiáng)化基礎(chǔ)、綠色發(fā)展，加快從制造大國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)向制造強(qiáng)國(guó)。（2015年李克強(qiáng)政府工作報(bào)告）

譯文：We will implement the “Made in China 2025” strategy, seek innovation-driven development;apply smart technologies;strengthen foundations;pursue green development;and redouble our efforts to upgrade China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality.大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新

出處：推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新。這既可以擴(kuò)大就業(yè)、增加居民收入，又有利于促進(jìn)社會(huì)縱向流動(dòng)和公平正義。

譯文：We will also encourage people to start their own businesses and to make innovations, which will not only create more jobs and increase personal incomes, but also improve upwards social mobility and social equity and justice.餐桌污染（food contamination）

出處：著力治理餐桌污染，食品藥品安全形勢(shì)總體穩(wěn)定。

譯文：Serious efforts were made to prevent food contamination, and on the whole the situation was kept stable in food and medicine safety.? ?

職業(yè)教育vocational education；professional education 《紅樓夢(mèng)》由曹雪芹和高鶚?biāo)Ｐ≌f(shuō)以賈氏家族為故事核心，描述了賈家從一個(gè)富裕、有權(quán)有勢(shì)的家族淪落為破落家庭的過(guò)程。小說(shuō)成功塑造了100多個(gè)經(jīng)典人物，他們分屬于清朝的不同階層?！都t樓夢(mèng)》對(duì)中國(guó)的封建社會(huì)有深刻的描繪,如果要了解中國(guó)人復(fù)雜的價(jià)值觀,最好先能讀懂《紅樓夢(mèng)》。毛主席評(píng)價(jià)道：“《紅樓夢(mèng)》不僅是愛(ài)情故事，也是歷史故事，因?yàn)樗枋隽朔饨〞r(shí)代的興敗?！?/p>

【翻譯詞匯】

《紅樓夢(mèng)》 A Dream of Red Mansions

由…所著 be attributed to

家族 clan

富裕 affluent

權(quán)勢(shì) prestige

淪落為 descend to

塑造 portray

階層 rank

封建社會(huì) feudal society

復(fù)雜 complexity 參考譯文：

A Dream of Red Mansions is attributed to Cao Xueqin and Gao-E.The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how an affluent and influential family with prestige lost its favor and descended to crash.In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed.These characters concern people of all ranks in the Qing Dynasty.A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society.To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions.“It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the success and failure of the feudal period,” said Chairman Mao.翻譯原文：

最近，一些地方大學(xué)開始將方言列為某些學(xué)生的必修課程，學(xué)生們要學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)胤窖?，然后被評(píng)分以作為畢業(yè)的依據(jù)之一。一方面，支持此種做法的人認(rèn)為，將方言列為必修課可防止其消失，從而使當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)文化和文化多樣性得以弘揚(yáng)，同時(shí)城市獨(dú)特的個(gè)性得以保留。另一方面，反對(duì)此種做法的人爭(zhēng)論說(shuō)，當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)生與外地學(xué)生相比有很多絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此將方言列為必修課會(huì)引起教育不公平的問(wèn)題。而且，將方言列為必修課程還會(huì)引起一些其他問(wèn)題，如教材使用、師資問(wèn)題和考試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等。在我看來(lái)，方言作為傳統(tǒng)文化不可缺少的一部分和一種交流工具，可以讓學(xué)生自愿學(xué)習(xí)和使用，而不是強(qiáng)制完成。

【翻譯詞匯】

方言 dialect

必修課程 compulsory course

依據(jù) judging factor

支持 approve

消失 extinguish

文化多樣性 cultural diversity

弘揚(yáng) enhance

個(gè)性 identity

爭(zhēng)論說(shuō) contend

絕對(duì)的 absolute

引起 give rise to/bring forth

考試標(biāo)準(zhǔn) examination standard

不可缺少的 indispensable

自愿地 voluntarily

學(xué)習(xí)acquire 參考譯文：

Recently, it has been practiced by some local universities that dialect is made a compulsory course for some students, under which students are subject to learning the local dialect and then graded as one of the judging factors for them to graduate.On the one hand, people approving the practice maintain that it will help to prevent the dialect from extinguishing so that the local traditional culture and the cultural diversity can be enhanced, and the unique urban identity can be preserved simultaneously.On the other hand, people in opposition to the practice contend that it will give rise to the appearance of educational inequality, for the local students will enjoy absolute advantages over those from other places.Moreover, the inclusion of dialect in compulsory courses will bring forth other problems like teaching material, teachers and examination standards.As far as I am concerned, dialects, as an indispensable part of local traditional culture as well as a tool for communication, can be acquired and used voluntarily, not compulsorily.翻譯原文：

選秀(draft),指選拔在某方面表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀的人。中國(guó)自古就有，古代選秀一般是宮廷選秀。從2004年《超級(jí)女聲》開始，大眾選秀節(jié)目開始進(jìn)入我們的視線，這類幾乎“零門檻(zero of threshold)”的選秀活動(dòng)讓所有人都有機(jī)會(huì)成為明星。之后的《好男兒》、《快樂(lè)男聲》、《我型我秀》還有《中國(guó)好聲音》等等選秀活動(dòng)一一登場(chǎng)，幾乎一刻都沒(méi)有讓中國(guó)的電視觀眾閑著。通過(guò)這些選秀活動(dòng)，很多有才能的 “平民百姓”實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想，走上了星光大道(avenue of stars)。

參考譯文：

A draft refers to a procedure during which people who perform well in a certain aspect are picked out.In ancient China, there were also drafts which generally referred to court drafts.From the year 2004 when Super Girl was on, talent show programs began to come into our sight.Such kind of nearly“zero threshold”talent show offers everyone an opportunity to become popular.Later,there came MyHero, Super Boy, My Show and The Voice of China.As these talent show programs appeared oneby one,Chinese TV audience hardly had time to rest.Through these talent show programs, man ytalented “ordinary people”realized their dreams and stepped on the avenue of stars.翻譯原文：

故宮，又名紫禁城，為明清共二十四位皇帝統(tǒng)治中國(guó)近500年的皇宮。它位于北京市中心，在天安門廣場(chǎng)的北側(cè)，形狀為長(zhǎng)方形。南北長(zhǎng)960米，東西寬750米，占地72公頃，總建筑面積達(dá)15萬(wàn)平方米。故宮是世界上現(xiàn)存規(guī)模最大、最完整的古代木構(gòu)宮殿。它分為外朝和內(nèi)廷兩部分，外朝是皇帝上朝處理國(guó)家大事的地方，內(nèi)廷是皇帝和皇室的居住地。1987年，故宮被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)。

翻譯詞匯：

故宮 the Imperial Palace

紫禁城 the Forbidden City

天安門廣場(chǎng) Tian’anmen Square

長(zhǎng)方形 rectangular

建筑面積 floor space

現(xiàn)存 in existence

上朝 give audience

處理 handle

世界文化遺產(chǎn) World Cultural Heritage 參考譯文：

The Imperial Palace, also called the Forbidden City was the palace where the 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for roughly 500 years.The Imperial Palace is located in the center of Beijing, on the northern side of Tian’anmen Square, rectangular in shape, 960 meters from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, with an area of 72 hectares and a total floor space of 150 000 square meters.It’s the world’s largest and most integral palace made of wood in existence.The Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the outer court and the inner court.The outer court was the place where the emperors gave audience and handled state affairs, while the inner court was the living quarters for the emperors and their families.In 1987 the Imperial Palace was listed by the UNESCO as one of the World Cultural Heritage sites.廟會(huì)(temple fair)是中國(guó)的一種傳統(tǒng)民俗活動(dòng)。有傳說(shuō)認(rèn)為，廟會(huì)源于古人祭祀土地神(village god),后來(lái)漸漸演變成商品交易市場(chǎng)和文化表演場(chǎng)所。廟會(huì)通常在廟里或寺廟附近的露天場(chǎng)地舉行，時(shí)間常在節(jié)日或特定的日子。有些廟會(huì)只在春節(jié)舉行。盡管不同地區(qū)的廟會(huì)時(shí)間不同，但是內(nèi)容相似。農(nóng)民和商人出售自己的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、玉器、花鳥魚蟲等;工匠擺攤展示并出售手工藝品;民間藝術(shù)家搭建舞臺(tái)表演歌舞;普通民眾來(lái)廟會(huì)購(gòu)買商品、觀看表演以及品嘗特色小吃。

【參考譯文】

The temple fair is a traditional folk activity in China.Legend has it that it originated in ancient times when people offered sacrifices to the village god, which later gradually evolved into a marketplace for people to exchange products and a place for cultural performance.The temple fairs, usually on the open ground or near a temple, are held on festivals or specified days.Some are held only during the Spring Festival.Although different places hold their temple fairs on various dates, the contents are similar.Farmers and merchants sell their farm produce, jade articles, flowers, birds and fish, etc.;craftsmen set up their stalls to show and sell their handicrafts;folk artists establish a stage for singing and dancing;ordinary people come to the temple fair to buy goods, watch the performances and eat special snacks.網(wǎng)上炫富

1.目前有一些人喜歡在網(wǎng)上炫.2.人們對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的看法不一

3.我的看法

Displaying Wealth Online

Nowadays, it is not rare to see people displaying their wealth on the Internet.Some post pictures of luxury goods, such as brand clothes and bags, luxurious automobiles or jewelries.Some write about their experiences in which a lot of money is spent.People have different responses to this phenomenon.Some say that it is people’s right to share their possessions or experiences with others on the Internet, as long as the things are legal and the experiences real.However, some criticize that the rich people are too arrogant.What’s worse, there are also a few who are not actually rich but put fake photos only to satisfy their vanity.In my opinion, sharing is a good thing, and it is exactly the spirit of the Internet.But people should make careful choice on what they are sharing.After all, showing off is not very nice, not to mention faking.

第四篇：六級(jí)翻譯[推薦]

1)quite 相當(dāng) quiet 安靜地 2)affect v 影響, 假裝 effect n 結(jié) 果, 影響 3)adapt 適應(yīng) adopt 采用 adept 內(nèi)行 4)angel 天使 angle 角度 5)dairy 牛奶廠 diary 日記 6)contend 奮斗, 斗爭(zhēng) content 內(nèi)容, 滿足的 context 上下文 contest 競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 比賽 7)principal 校長(zhǎng), 主要的 principle 原則 8)implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白 的 9)dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放 棄 dissert 寫論文 10)pat 輕拍 tap 輕打 slap 掌擊 rap 敲，打 11)decent 正經(jīng)的 descent n 向 下, 血統(tǒng) descend v 向下 12)sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水 13)later 后來(lái) latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近14)costume 服裝 custom習(xí)慣 15)extensive 廣泛的 intensive 深刻的 16)aural 耳的 oral 口頭的 17)abroad 國(guó)外 aboard 上(船，飛機(jī))18)altar 祭壇 alter 改變 19)assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音 20)champion 冠軍 champagne 香檳酒 campaign 戰(zhàn)役 21)baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地 的 barn 古倉(cāng) 22)beam 梁，光束 bean 豆 been have 過(guò)去式 23)precede 領(lǐng)先 proceed 進(jìn) 行，繼續(xù) 24)pray 祈禱 prey 獵物 25)chicken 雞 kitchen 廚房 26)monkey 猴子 donkey 驢 27)chore 家務(wù)活 chord 和弦 cord 細(xì)繩 28)cite 引用 site 場(chǎng)所 sight 視 覺(jué) 29)clash(金屬)幢擊聲 crash 碰 幢，墜落 crush 壓壞 30)compliment 贊美 complement 附加物 31)confirm 確認(rèn) conform 使順 從 32)contact 接觸 contract 合同 contrast 對(duì)照 33)council 議會(huì) counsel 忠告 consul 領(lǐng)事 34)crow 烏鴉 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛 35)dose 一劑藥 doze 打盹 36)drawn draw 過(guò)去分詞 drown 溺水 37)emigrant 移民到國(guó)外 immigrant 從某國(guó)來(lái)的移民 38)excess n 超過(guò) exceed v超過(guò) excel 擅長(zhǎng) 39)hotel 旅店 hostel 青年旅社 40)latitude 緯度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激 41)immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的 42)lone 孤獨(dú)的 alone 單獨(dú)的 lonely 寂寞的 43)mortal 會(huì)死的 metal 金屬 mental 神經(jīng)的 medal 勛章 model 模 特meddle 玩弄 44)scare 驚嚇 scarce 缺乏的 45)drought 天旱 draught 通風(fēng), 拖 拉 draughts(英)國(guó)際跳棋 47)assure 保證 ensure 使確定 insure 保險(xiǎn) 48)except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 選錄 exempt 免 除 49)floor 地板 flour 面粉 50)incident 事件 accident 意外 51)inspiration 靈感 aspiration 渴望 52)march 三月, 前進(jìn) match 比 賽 53)patent 專利 potent 有力的 potential 潛在的 54)police 警察 policy 政策 politics 政治 55)protest 抗議 protect 保護(hù) 56)require 需要 inquire 詢問(wèn) enquire 詢問(wèn) acquire 獲得 57)revenge 報(bào)仇 avenge 為...報(bào) 仇 58)story 故事 storey 樓層 store 商店 59)strike 打 stick 堅(jiān)持 strict 嚴(yán) 格的 60)expand 擴(kuò)張 expend 花費(fèi) extend 延長(zhǎng) 61)commerce 商業(yè) commence 開始 62)through 通過(guò) thorough 徹底 的(al)though 盡管 thought think 過(guò) 去分詞 63)purpose 目的 suppose 假設(shè) propose 建議 64)expect 期望 respect 尊敬 aspect 方面 inspect 視察 suspect 懷 疑 65)glide 滑翔 slide 使滑行 slip 跌落 66)steal 偷 steel 鋼 67)strive 努力 stride 大步走 68)allusion 暗示 illusion 幻覺(jué) delusion 錯(cuò)覺(jué) elusion 逃避 69)prospect 前景 perspective 透視法 70)stationery 文具 stationary 固定的 71)loose 松的 lose 丟失 loss n 損失 lost lose過(guò)去式 72)amend 改正, 修正 emend 校 正

第五篇：六級(jí)翻譯

(一）《孫子兵法》（The Art of War）是中國(guó)古代最重要的一部軍事著作之一，是我國(guó)優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化重要組成部分。孫子（Sun Tzu），即該書作者，在書中揭示的一系列具有普遍意義的軍事規(guī)律，不僅受到軍事家們的推崇，還在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)，人生追求甚至家庭關(guān)系等諸多方面，均有廣泛的指導(dǎo)作用?！秾O子兵法》中許多名言警句（epigram），富有哲理，意義深遠(yuǎn)，在國(guó)內(nèi)外廣為流傳。如今《孫子兵法》中的語(yǔ)言，在世界軍事史上具有重要地位。

譯點(diǎn)精析：

1、普遍意義的——universal，軍事規(guī)律——military laws

2、具有廣泛的指導(dǎo)作用——play an extensive guiding role.“廣泛的”還可以翻譯為far-reaching或broad

3、人生追求——the pursuit of life

4、名言警句——famous sayings and epigrams5、意義深遠(yuǎn)——have profound meanings

6、廣為流傳—— be widely circulated?！绷鱾鳌斑€可用spread表示

參考譯文：The Are of War is one of the most important ancient Chinese military literary works,and serves as an important part of outstanding traditional culture in China.Sun Tzu,The author of the book,revealed a series of universal military laws which are not only valued by militarists but also play an extensive guiding role in several fields such as economy,art of leadership,the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous sayings and epigrams in The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and have profound meanings and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.Nowadays The Art of War has been translated into many languages and it also plays an important role in the military history of the world.（二）太極（Tai Chi）是中國(guó)文化史上的一個(gè)重要概念。太極拳（traditional Chinese shadow boxing）包含一系列緩慢的動(dòng)作，旨在修煉身心。它是一種舞蹈卻不需要隨音樂(lè)起舞，你只需聆聽(tīng)內(nèi)心的節(jié)奏。太極拳是中國(guó)武術(shù)（martial art）的一種，他創(chuàng)自數(shù)千年前，原本是一種自衛(wèi)的技藝。全世界成千上萬(wàn)人練習(xí)它，主要是由于它對(duì)人類健康的神奇作用。因?yàn)樗麑⑸眢w動(dòng)作，平靜、冥想（meditative）心境結(jié)合起來(lái)，所以他長(zhǎng)被稱作“冥想運(yùn)動(dòng)（meditation in motion）”。

【譯點(diǎn)精析】

修煉身心——physical and spiritual practice或者physical and mental practice。

不需要音樂(lè)起舞——dot no need to dance to music,其中dance...to固定表達(dá)，隨著...起舞

一種自衛(wèi)技藝——a self-defensive skill,defensive 譯為防御的，防衛(wèi)的。

它對(duì)人類健康的神奇作用——its miraculous effects on human’s health

將身體動(dòng)作，平靜、冥想（meditative）心境結(jié)合起來(lái)——combines the body’s movements with the calm and meditative state of mind。將...與...結(jié)合起來(lái)可譯為combine...with...state of mind心境

【參考譯文】

Tai Chi is a significant notion in Chinese cultural history.Traditional Chinese shadow boxing includes a series of slow movements aiming at the physical and spiritual practice.It is a kind of dance but you do not need to dance to music.You just need to listen to the rhythm of your heart.Traditional Chinese shadow boxing is a kind of Chinese martial art.It was created thousands of years ago and originally used as a selfdefensive skill.It is practiced by thousands of people around the world mostly because of its miraculous effects on human’s health.It is often called “meditation in motion”because it combines the body’s movement-s with the calm and meditative state of mind.（三）電子書（e-book）通常指數(shù)字化出版物，它可以包含文字、圖片、聲音、影像或幾者兼有。現(xiàn)在人們經(jīng)常使用智能手機(jī)（smartphone）、平板電腦（tablet）或者專門為電子書制造的電子閱讀器來(lái)閱讀電子書。電子書內(nèi)容豐富，便于存儲(chǔ)，而且價(jià)格低廉，有助于閱讀的普及。從傳統(tǒng)意義上講，電子書是紙質(zhì)書的電子化，但現(xiàn)在許多電子書并沒(méi)有紙質(zhì)的對(duì)應(yīng)物。電子書以數(shù)字形式存儲(chǔ)，因此人們隨時(shí)都可以閱讀。2012年，美國(guó)電子書的銷量首次超過(guò)精裝書（handcover book）。

[譯點(diǎn)精析]

1、數(shù)字化譯為digitized，而不是digital，是要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作概念。

2、專門為...制造譯為specially made for...3、閱讀的普及：the popularity of reading

4、版本的英文表達(dá)version，紙質(zhì)書譯為printed books

5、紙質(zhì)的對(duì)應(yīng)物：”對(duì)應(yīng)物“可譯為equivalent

6、超過(guò)：可用surpassed表示，還可以用exceed表示 沖刺備考建議

首先，在進(jìn)行翻譯練習(xí)時(shí)，盡量力求翻譯答案多樣化，特別化。常用的簡(jiǎn)單的表達(dá)方式盡量不要用了，選擇一些不常用的復(fù)雜一點(diǎn)的表達(dá)方式會(huì)讓我們的翻譯內(nèi)容顯得更有水平。

其次，掌握重點(diǎn)核心表達(dá)，多背搭配，同時(shí)利用經(jīng)典搭配多造句子，完善語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這樣不僅可以擴(kuò)展思維、開闊思路，同時(shí)可以提高自己的寫作水平。

最后，分析歷年真題，強(qiáng)化重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。如倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、比較結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。

翻譯原文：E-books generally refer to digitized publications.They can include words,pictures,sounds,images,or a combination of two or more.Now people often read e-books with smartphones,tablets,or e-books readers that are specially made for e-books.E-books have colorful contents and are convenient to store.Their prices are cheap and they are conductive to the popularity of reading.E-books are traditionally believed as an electronic version of the printed books.but now many e-books exist without any printed equivalent.E-books are stored digitally,so they can be read at any time.In 2012,e-books sales in the United States surpassed hardcover book sales for the first time.（四）孔子是中國(guó)著名的思想家，教育家，以及儒教（Confucianism）的創(chuàng)立者。他的學(xué)說(shuō)深刻影響了中國(guó)兩千多年的歷史。孔子因其哲學(xué)家思想而著名，他在當(dāng)時(shí)說(shuō)過(guò)很多著名的言論。這些言論幫助人們認(rèn)識(shí)自然，世界和人類行為。他也幫助過(guò)政府和帝王?？鬃咏趟麄?nèi)绾纬晒芾碜约旱耐鯂?guó)?？鬃拥难哉撝饕珍浽凇犊鬃诱撜Z(yǔ)》（Analects of Confucius）一書中。它們反映了孔子政治和道德觀。

Confucius is a famous ancient Chinese thinker ,educator ,and founder of Confucianism which deeply influences China for more than two years.Confucius is famous for his philosophy because he made many wise sayings in ancient China.Those sayings helped people learn about nature ,world ,and human behavior.He also helped the government and the emperor.He taught them lessons on how to rule his kingdom successfully.Confucius's thoughts were mainly collected in the Analects of Confucius.They relects Confucius's thoughts on politics and ethics.解析：

第二句的學(xué)說(shuō)即是儒教，所以可以用定語(yǔ)從句將其與第一句連接起來(lái)。影響可以說(shuō)influence，have an influence on···

Be famous for=be known for因···而著名。

Teach sb.Sth.教某人某事

（五）京?。≒eking Opera）已有200多年的歷史，是中國(guó)的國(guó)劇。與其他地方戲相比，京劇享有更高的聲譽(yù)，但其實(shí)京劇融合了多種地方戲的元素。京劇演員的臉譜（facial make-up）和戲服都很精美，相比之下舞臺(tái)布景則十分簡(jiǎn)單，表演者主要應(yīng)用四種技能：唱、念、做、打。京劇較擅長(zhǎng)于表現(xiàn)歷史題材的政治，軍事斗爭(zhēng)，故事大多取自歷史演義和小說(shuō)話本（historic and fictional stories）。在古代，京劇大多是在戶外演出的，因此演員們形成了一種有穿透力的唱腔，以便每個(gè)人都能聽(tīng)到。

【譯點(diǎn)精析】

1,享有更高的聲譽(yù)——enjoys a higher reputation

2, 戲服——costume

3,相比之下——by contrast

4,舞臺(tái)布景——backdrop，如果不知道這個(gè)詞，也可以用background。

5,政治軍事斗爭(zhēng)——political and military struggle，斗爭(zhēng)還可譯為battle。

6,在戶外——in the open air或者outdoors。

7,形成可用develop表示，而不用shape或form?！庇写┩噶Φ摹白g為piercing。唱腔乍看可能不好翻譯，其實(shí)就是歌唱的風(fēng)格，即style of song。

【參考譯文】

Peking Opera,as the national opera of China,has a history of more than 200 years.Compared with other Chinese local operas,Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation,but actually it absorbed many elements of other local operas.The facial make-up and costumes of the performers are very delicate;by contrast,the backdrops are quite plain.During performance,the performers mainly utilize four skills:song,speech,dance,and combat.Peking Opera is better at performing political and military struggle with historical themes and the performed stories are mainly from historic and fictional stories.In ancient times,Peking Opera was mostly performed in the open air,so the performers developed a piercing style of song that could be heard by everyone.自駕游（self-driving tour）屬于自助旅游的一種類型，是近年來(lái)我國(guó)新興的旅游方式，以自由、靈活、富有個(gè)性化等突出特點(diǎn)被旅游者接受和喜愛(ài)。自駕游在選擇目的地、參與旅程設(shè)計(jì)和體驗(yàn)自由等方面，給旅游者提供了極大的靈活性，與傳統(tǒng)的參團(tuán)旅游（group tour）相比更具有自身的特點(diǎn)和魅力。隨著自駕旅游者增多，自駕游市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)成形，越來(lái)越多的旅行社、汽車俱樂(lè)部、汽車租賃公司（car rental companies）看好這個(gè)市場(chǎng)，并涉足這一市場(chǎng)的開發(fā)。

【譯點(diǎn)精析】

1、自助旅游——self-help travel/self-service travel

2、新興的旅游方式——a new travel mode/a new way of travel

3、自由、靈活、富有個(gè)性化等突出特點(diǎn)——striking characteristics of being free,flexible and personalized。striking——顯著的，突出的

4、提供了極大的靈活性——provides travelers with great flexibility5、目的地——target place/destination

6、看好這個(gè)市場(chǎng)，并涉足這一市場(chǎng)的開發(fā)——are optimistic about this market and get involved in the development of the market，其中“看好”——are optimistic about表示“對(duì)...持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度”“涉足”——get involved in

【參考譯文】

Self—driving tour,a sort of self—help travel,is a new travel mode in China in recent years.It has won traveler's acceptance and love for its striking characteristics of being free,flexible and personalized.It provides travelers with great flexibility in selecting target place,participating in devising travel procedures and experiencing freedom,which endows it with its own characteristics and charm compared with traditional group tour.As self—driving tourists increase,self—driving tour market has taken shape.More and more travel agencies,car clubs and car rental companies are optimistic about this market and get involved in the development of the market.頤和園是世界上保存最完整的皇家園林，也是當(dāng)今中國(guó)最大的皇家園林。它坐落于北京西北部的郊區(qū)，占地290公頃，主要由萬(wàn)壽山和昆明湖構(gòu)成。在1998年12月，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織(UNESCO)將頤和園列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。該名錄宣稱“頤和園的人工景觀與自然景觀和諧地融為一體，堪稱中國(guó)風(fēng)景園林設(shè)計(jì)中的創(chuàng)造性杰作”。

The Summer Palace is regarded as the best-preserved imperial garden in the world,and is the largest of its kind in modern-day China.Situated in the northwestern outskirts of Beijing,the

palace occupies an area of 290 hectares and consists mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.In December 1998 , UNESCO included the Summer Palace on its World Heritage List.It declared

the Summer Palace an“ outstanding expression of the creative art of Chinese Landscape Garden Design,incorporating the works of humankind and nature in a harmonious whole.”

漢語(yǔ)多重復(fù)，而英語(yǔ)則常常需要避免重復(fù)，因此在翻譯重復(fù)的漢語(yǔ)是，多采用桶詞異譯法，或者采用代詞來(lái)進(jìn)行替代。該句中of its kind來(lái)翻譯重復(fù)的皇家園林。最后一句，對(duì)原文據(jù)需進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，原文的兩個(gè)分句是因果關(guān)系，而譯文采用了伴隨性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)翻譯。