第一篇：備戰(zhàn)2010高考英語語法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)：分詞

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備戰(zhàn)2010高考英語語法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)

分詞

9.分詞

分詞既有動詞的特征，由有形容詞和副詞的特征。分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞兩種?，F(xiàn)在分詞有一般式和完成式，過去分詞沒有這種區(qū)別。及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞還有主動形式和被動形式的區(qū)別。分詞常用的形式如表所示（以及物動詞do 和不及物動詞go為例）：

do go 主動 被動

現(xiàn)在分詞 doing being done going 過去分詞 / done gone

完成式 having done having been done /

9.1 分詞作定語

不及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達(dá)強調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞強調(diào)完成；及物動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語強調(diào)主動，過去分詞強調(diào)被動。分詞的完成式一般不作定語。分詞作其他成分時，也是如此。分詞作定語，單個的分詞作定語一般前置；分詞詞組，個別分詞如given, left等，修飾不定代詞等的分詞，作定語需后置。例如：

We can see the rising sun.我們可以看到東升的旭日

He is a retired worker.他是位退休的工人

There was a girl sitting there.有個女孩坐在那里

This is the question given.這是所給的問題

There is nothing interesting.沒有有趣的東西

分詞作定語相當(dāng)于定語從句，如Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.= Most of the people who wereinvited to the party were famous scientists.典型例題

1）The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.have written

B.to be written

C.being written

D.written

答案D.書與寫作是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做定語表被動，相當(dāng)于定語從句

which was written

2）What's the language ____ in Germany?

A.speaking

B.spoken

C.be spoken

D.to speak

答案B.主語language與謂語動詞之間有被動的含義。spoken，在句中作定語，修飾主語language, spoken 與 language有被動關(guān)系。該句可以理解為：What's the language（which is）spoken in German?

9.2 分詞作狀語

分詞作狀語，可以表示時間，原因，理由，條件，讓步，連續(xù)等，相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句。例如：

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.由于沒有收到他的信，我歡迎各位老師踴躍投稿，稿酬豐厚 郵箱：zxjkw@163.com

知識改變命運，學(xué)習(xí)成就未來

給他打了個電話。

As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.多給些照顧，那些樹會長得更好。

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.典型例題

1）_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A.Followed

B.Followed by

C.Being followed

D.Having been followed

答案B.Napoleon 與follow 之間有被動的含義。being followed除表達(dá)被動之外，還有動作正在進(jìn)行之意。followed by（被…跟隨）。本題可改為：

With some officials following, Napoleon inspected his army.2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.A.followed

B.following

C.to be followed

D.being followed

答案B.由于聲音在閃電后，因此為聲跟隨著光，聲音為跟隨的發(fā)出者，為主動。用現(xiàn)在分詞。

3）_______, liquids can be changed into gases.A.Heating

B.To be heated

C.Heated

D.Heat

答案C.本題要選分詞作為狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞表主動，正在進(jìn)行的；過去分詞表被動的，已經(jīng)完成的。對于液體來說是加熱的受動者，是被動的，因而選C。它相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句 When it is heated，…

注意：選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作是主句的主語發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。例如：

Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。

Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。

9.3 連詞+分詞（短語）

有時為使分詞短語與主句關(guān)系更清楚，可在分詞前加連詞。連詞有： when，while，if though，after, before, as.但分詞的主語和主句的主語必須為同一個。例如：

While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.等在那兒時，他看見兩個靚妹走出大樓。（waiting 和saw 的主語相同）

9.4 分詞作補語

通常在感官動詞和使役動詞之后。例如：

I found my car missing.我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的車不見了。

'll have my watch repaired.我想把我的手表修一下。

9.5 分詞作表語

表示主語的狀態(tài)等。例如：

She looked tired with cooking.她由于忙著做飯，看上去有些疲倦。

He remained standing beside the table.他依然站在桌旁。

9.6 分詞作插入語

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分詞作插入語的結(jié)構(gòu)是固定的，意思上的主語并不是句子的主語。例如：

generally speaking 一般說來

talking of（speaking of）說道

strictly speaking 嚴(yán)格的說

judging from 從…判斷

all things considered 從整體來看

taking all things into consideration 全面看來

例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。（speaking 不是dogs 的動作）

9.7 分詞的時態(tài)

1）一般式表示與主語動詞同時發(fā)生。例如：

Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.聽到這一消息，他高興得手舞足蹈。

Arriving there, they found the boy dead.一到那兒，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)那男孩死了。

典型例題

The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.A.to prepare

B.preparing

C.prepared

D.was preparing

答案B.此處沒有連詞，不能選D，否則出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞worked和was preparing。只能在B，C中選一個。又因前后兩個動作同時發(fā)生，且與主語為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。

2）完成時表示先于主語動詞發(fā)生。例如：

While walking in the garden，he hurt his leg.在花園里散步時他傷了腿。

分詞作時間狀語，如果先與主動詞的動作，且強調(diào)先后，要用having done。

Having finished his homework, he went out.做完作業(yè)后，他出去了。

=As he had finished his homework, he went out.典型例題

___ a reply, he decided to write again.A.Not receiving

B.Receiving not

C.Not having received

D.Having not received

答案C.本題考查分詞的時態(tài)與分詞的否定式。根據(jù)題意判斷，分詞的動作（接信）發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作（決心再寫信）之前，因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成為not +分詞，故選C。該句可理解為：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.9.8 分詞的語態(tài)

1）通常，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動。例如：

He is the man giving you the money.（= who gave you…）他就是給你錢的那個人。

He is the man stopped by the car.（= who was stopped by…）他就是那個被車攔住的人。

2）不及物動詞的過去分詞表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，如gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned等。

例如： a well-read person.一個讀過許多書的人

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a much-traveled may 一個去過許多地方的人

a burnt-out match

燒完了的火柴

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第二篇：備戰(zhàn)2010高考英語語法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)：答案部分

備戰(zhàn)2010高考英語語法教案(全套)及配套練習(xí)答案 各章練習(xí)答案

22.1 名詞練習(xí)答案D 15 B 29 D 43 D 57 A 2 D 16 B 30 B 44 B 58 C 3 C 17 B 31 C 45 A 59 D 4 C 18 C 32 C 46 B 60 B 5 A 19 C 33 B 47 D 61 C 6 C 20 B 34 C 48 B 62 B 7 A 21 C 35 A 49 C 63 B 8 D 22 A 36 C 50 B 64 D 9 C 23 D 37 C 51 C 65 B 10 D 24 C 38 B 52 A 66 C 11 C 25 A 39 B 53 D 67 C 12 A 26 A 40 C 54 C 68 D 13 D 27 C 41 D 55 A 69 D 14 B 28 C 42 A 56 D 70 A

22.3 冠詞練習(xí)答案C 19 C 37 B 55 C 2 B 20 A 38 B 56 A 3 D 21 A 39 C 57 D 4 A 22 B 40 C 58 D 5 A 23 C 41 B 59 B 6 D 24 B 42 A 60 A 7 B 25 D 43 C 61 8 C 26 B 44 B 62 9 B 27 D 45 A 63 10 C 28 D 46 C 64 11 C 29 B 47 B 65 12 A 30 A 48 C 66 13 C 31 B 49 A 67 14 D 32 B 50 D 68 15 C 33 C 51 A 69

A 22 C 40 C 58 C 76 B 5 C 23 D 41 A 59 B 77 D 6 D 24 C 42 D 60 D 78 C 7 B 25 D 43 C 61 A 79 C 8 D 26 B 44 A 62 A 80 A 9 C 27 A 45 B 63 C 81 10 D 28 D 46 C 64 C 82 11 B 29 B 47 B 65 A 83 12 D 30 B 48 B 66 B 84 13 B 31 A 49 C 67 D 85 14 A 32 B 50 D 68 D 86 15 C 33 B 51 C 69 C 87 16 A 34 D 52 A 70 A 88 17 A 35 A 53 D 71 B 89 18 C 36 B 54 D 72 C 90

22.8 B 19 C 37 C 55 C 73 C 2 D 20 B 38 A 56 B 74 B 3 A 21 D 39 D 57 D 75 B 4 C 22 D 40 A 58 A 76 C 5 D 23 C 41 D 59 B 77 A 6 B 24 A 42 B 60 B 78 B 7 D 25 B 43 B 61 C 79 C 8 B 26 D 44 D 62 B 80 A 9 C 27 A 45 B 63 A 81 10 B 28 B 46 B 64 B 82 11 C 29 C 47 A 65 A 83 12 D 30 A 48 B 66 C 84 13 C 31 D 49 D 67 B 85 14 B 32 B 50 B 68 D 86 15 D 33 B 51 C 69 D 87 16 B 34 B 52 A 70 B 88 17 B 35 B 53 D 71 A 89 18 C 36 A 54 A 72 B 90

B 34 D 52 B 70 C 88 D 106 17 A 35 D 53 D 71 A 89 D 107 18 C 36 A 54 D 72 C 90 B 108

22.11反意疑問句練習(xí)答案C 19 D 37 A 2 A 20 D 38 C 3 B 21 C 39 D 4 C 22 A 40 A 5 A 23 B 41 6 A 24 C 42 7 C 25 D 43 8 B 26 C 44 9 D 27 B 45 10 B 28 B 46 11 A 29 A 47 12 C 30 C 48 13 B 31 B 49 14 D 32 C 50 15 A 33 D 51 16 D 34 C 52 17 B 35 A 53 18 A 36 D 54

22.12倒裝練習(xí)答案A 19 D 37 A 2 B 20 D 38 C 3 D 21 A 39 B 4 C 22 B 40 A 5 B 23 A 41 A 6 B 24 C 42 B 7 D 25 A 43 D 8 C 26 B 44 A 9 C 27 C 45 C 10 C 28 B 46 B 11 C 29 A 47 C

C 26 C 44 C 62 B 9 C 27 A 45 D 63 C 10 A 28 B 46 C 64 C 11 C 29 D 47 A 65 D 12 C 30 C 48 C 66 C 13 C 31 B 49 B 67 B 14 C 32 C 50 C 68 C 15 A 33 A 51 D 69 B 16 B 34 D 52 B 70 B 17 D 35 D 53 C 71 18 D 36 A 54 B 72 22.15連詞和從句練習(xí)答案A 19 D 37 B 55 D 73 D 91 B 109 C 2 B 20 C 38 D 56 B 74 D 92 C 110 D 3 D 21 A 39 A 57 B 75 B 93 D 111 B 4 B 22 B 40 C 58 C 76 A 94 D 112 A 5 C 23 A 41 D 59 D 77 C 95 C 113 A 6 A 24 D 42 A 60 D 78 B 96 C 114 B 7 B 25 B 43 B 61 B 79 D 97 B 115 C 8 D 26 B 44 D 62 B 80 B 98 A 116 9 C 27 B 45 A 63 C 81 A 99 C 117 10 B 28 B 46 B 64 A 82 A 100 B 118 11 D 29 B 47 C 65 D 83 C 101 D 119 12 A 30 D 48 D 66 B 84 B 102 A 120 13 B 31 C 49 D 67 C 85 C 103 A 121 14 B 32 B 50 B 68 B 86 C 104 C 122 15 C 33 D 51 C 69 C 87 A 105 D 123 16 A 34 C 52 B 70 C 88 B 106 C 124 17 A 35 C 53 C 71 A 89 A 107 C 125 18 B 36 D 54 C 72 C 90 A 108 A 126

第三篇：高中英語語法教案及配套練習(xí)---連詞

20.連詞

連詞不能獨立擔(dān)任句子成分而只起連接詞與詞，短語與短語以及句與句的作用。連詞主要可分為兩類：并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用來連接平行的詞、詞組和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor,（and）then等等。

20.1 并列連詞與并列結(jié)構(gòu)

并列連詞引導(dǎo)兩個并列的詞、詞組或句子。

1）and 與or

判斷改錯：（錯）They sat down and talk about something.（錯）They started to dance and sang.（錯）I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.（對）They sat down and talked about something.（對）They started to dance and sing.（對）I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.解析：第一句： and 連接兩個并列的謂語，所以 talk 應(yīng)改為 talked。

第二句：and 連接兩個并列的動詞不定式，第二個不定式往往省略to，因此sang 應(yīng)改為 sing。

第三句：and 連接感觀動詞saw 后面的用作的賓補的兩個并列分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，因此whisper應(yīng)改為whispering。

注意：and 還可以和祈使句或名詞詞組連用表示條件。（or也有此用法）例如：

Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.拿定主意，這次你會有機(jī)會的。

= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.One more effort, and you'll succeed.再努力一下，你會成功的。

= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.2）both…and 兩者都。例如：

She plays（both）the piano and the guitar.她彈鋼琴，也彈吉他。

3）not only…but（also）, as well as不但…而且。例如：

She plays not only the piano, but（also）the guitar.她不但彈鋼琴，也彈吉他。

注意：not only… but also 關(guān)聯(lián)兩個分句時，一個分句因有否定詞not 而必須倒裝。例如

Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.他不但喜歡讀小說，甚至還會寫。

4）neithe…nor 意思為“既不……也不……”謂語動詞采用就近原則，與nor后的詞保持一致。例如：

Neither you nor he is to blame.你和他都不該受指責(zé)。

20.2 比較and和or

1）并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。

2）但有時and 也可用于否定句。請注意其不同特點：

There is no air or water in the moon.There is no air and no water on the moon.在否定中并列結(jié)構(gòu)用or 連接，但含有兩個否定詞的句子實際被看作是肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，因此要用and。

典型例題

---I don't like chicken ___ fish.---I don't like chicken, ___ I like fish very much.A.and； and

B.and； but C.or； but D.or；and

答案C。否定句中表并列用or, but 表轉(zhuǎn)折。

判斷改錯：（錯）We will die without air and water.（錯）We can't live without air or water.（對）We will die without air or water.（對）We can't live without air and water.20.3 表示選擇的并列結(jié)構(gòu)

1）or意思為“否則”。例如：

I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.我要努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則考試要不及格了。

2）either…or 意思為“或者……或者……”。注意謂語動詞的主謂一致采用就近原則。例如：

Either you or I am right.不是你對，就是我對。

20.4 表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ?/p>

1）but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，while表示對比。例如：

Some people love cats, while others hate them.有些人喜歡貓，而有些人不喜歡。

典型例題

---Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

---I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.A.and

B.so

C.as

D.but

答案D。but與前面形成轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語意。而表并列的and，結(jié)果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。

2）not…but… 意思為“不是…而是…”，后面的用詞要遵循一致原則。

They were not the bones of an animal, but（the bones）of a human being.這些不是動物的骨頭，而是人的。

20.5 表原因關(guān)系

1）for是并列連詞，不能置于含兩個并列分句的句子的句首，只能將其放在兩個分句中間。

判斷改錯：（錯）For he is ill, he is absent today.（對）He is absent today, for he is ill.2）so為連詞, therefore一般為副詞。例如：

He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.他的腿受傷了，不能上場。

I think;therefore I exist.我思故我在。

20.6 比較so和 such such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many，few，much，little連用，形成固定搭配。

so + adj.such + a（n）+ n.so + adj.+ a（n）+ n.such + n.（pl.）

so + adj.+ n.（pl.）

such +n.（pl.）

so + adj.+ n.（不可數(shù)）

such +n.（不可數(shù)）

so foolish

such a fool

so nice a flower

such a nice flower so many/ few flowers

such nice flowers

so much/ little money.such rapid progress

so many people

such a lot of people

so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。so…that與such…that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換即為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。

20.7 連詞和從句練習(xí)

1.I’d get it for you ______ I could remember who last borrowed the book.a.on condition that b.now that c.except that d.considering that

2.The robber told him that he had better keep silent ______ he wanted to get into trouble

a.if b.unless c.otherwise d.whether

3.Strange ______ his behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it.a.although b.even if c.that d.as

4.We are worried about our son because no one is aware ______ he has gone.a.the place b.of where c.about the place d.where

5.The professor spoke in a loud voice ______ every one of us could hear him.a.such that b.so c.so that d.such

6.When he just got off the plane, he gave us a good description of ______ in Spain.a.what he had seen b.that he had seen c.which he had seen d.he had seen what 7.It is fitted with a small transformer, by means of ______ the voltage of the currency can be adjusted.a.whom b.which c.what d.that

8.I don’t know why she’s looking at me ______ she knew me.I’ve never seen her before in my life.a.as b.although c.even if d.as if

9.No sooner had he finished his speech ______ stormy applause broke out.a.when b.then c.than d.as

10.It is hard to avoid mistakes.______ you correct them conscientiously, it will be all right.a.In the case b.As long as c.Although d.Despite

11.Geometry, ______ I know nothing, seems a very dull subject.a.that b.about that c.which d.about which

12.The highest temperature ______ in any furnace on earth is about 10,000 centigrade.a.we can get b.that we can get it c.which we can get it d.what we can get

13.We sent the horses to a considerable distance, ______ they should disturb the children.a.less b.lest c.last d.least

14.Sound is conducted through steel in the same manner ______.a.as in air b.as through air c.as air does d.like air

15._____ he was putting on his uniform, the officer found that one of the sleeves was torn.a.Since b.Unless c.As d.Before

16.The police finally caught up with the man ______ was the escaped prisoner.a.who they thought b.whom they thought c.they thought him d.that they thought him

17.______ knows the name of this song will receive a prize from the radio station.a.Whoever b.Those c.Whichever people d.Any people 18.______ do you believe is not about to support our plan? a.Whom b.Who c.Whomever d.Which

19.He didn’t know French, ______ made it difficult for him to study at a university in France.a.that b.as c.this d.which

20.She is a fine singer, ______ her mother used to be a.like b.that c.as d.which

21.______, I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.a.Lover of towns I am b.As lover of towns

c.Lover of towns as am I d.Though am I the lover of towns

22.The rise of Davy was all the more brilliant in ______ he had not had much schooling.a.which b.that c.what d.the way

23.She always takes careful notes in class ______ she may review them from time to time.a.so that b.in order to c.because of d.rather than

24.The reason he was late is ______ his clock didn’t give the alarm.a.because b.due to c.since d.that

25.______ he was in error will scarcely be disputed by his warmest friends.a.What b.That c.Which d.Though

26.I shall do the exercises ______ I have been taught.a.such b.as c.what d.for

27.______ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.a.That b.Whatever c.Whichever d.However

28.She was so stubborn that she never listens to the advice ______.a.that I give it to her b.which I give to her c.what I give to her d.I give it to her

29.I was supposed to be a mathematics major, but I actually took ______ courses in physics, if not more.a.so many b.as many c.a good many d.such many

30.Heat does not travel by convection in a solid, because the solid does not move, ______.a.so does a liquid b.so a liquid does c.so is a liquid d.as does a liquid

31.He explained everything over again ______ anyone should misunderstand her.a.since b.when c.lest d.as if

32.______ convincing an argument is, it needs support of evidence.a.Whatever b.However c.Although d.Even if

33.Earthworms occur ______ adequate moisture and food and the necessary soil conditions are found.a.and b.however c.but d.wherever

34.______ we gave him anything to eat, he would save it up for his little brother.a.When b.That c.Whenever d.What

35.The reason I plan to go is ______ if I don’t.a.because she will be disappointed b.because she will have a disappointment c.that she will be disappointed d.for which she will be disappointed

36.The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things ______ to teach you the art of learning.a.than b.rather than c.nor d.as

37.If the design was wrong, the project is bound to fail, ______ good all the other ideas might be.a.whatever b.however c.whatsoever d.even

38.He gave ______ came to the store a pamphlet in which his products were described.a.who b.those c.whom d.whoever

39.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.a.in that b.in order that c.in which d.that

40.Fox was advised to give the assignment to _______ he believed had a strong sense of responsibility.a.whom b.whomever c.whoever d.that

41.The chairman of the union made it clear at the meeting ______ he would not step down form his position as chairman.a.in which b.where c.because d.that

42.______ Ms.Wang reached the post-office, she discovered she had left the letter at home.a.Just as b.Because c.As long as d.When as

43.The first step in preparing such a program is to draw a flow chart, ______ are shown opposite.a.two examples of it b.two examples of which c.whose two example d.which two examples

44.______ the world began, nations have had difficulty in keeping peace with their neighbors.a.Although b.When c.Until d.Ever since

45.______ difficulties we may come across, we will help one another to get over them.a.Whatever b.Whichever c.However d.What 46.He went to work so late ______ the manager had to send for him again before he arrived.a.as b.that c.for d.when

47.______ you return those books to the library immediately you will have to pay a fine.a.Until b.If c.Unless d.Provided

48.The rose may grow as a low bush or as a tree, depending on ______.a.what it is trimmed b.how it trimmed c.that is trimmed d.how it is trimmed

49.Group work is a method of teaching ______ tasks and activities are carried out by small groups of pupils.a.which b.that c.for which d.in that

50.Einstein’s theory of relativity seemed hard to believe at the time ______.a.when he first introduced b.that he first introduced it c.he first introduced d.which he first introduced it

51.Now we may be able to say ______ between music and noise or just sound.a.what is the difference b.the difference is what c.what the difference is c.that what the difference

52.Contrary to ______ I had expected, he lost for a second time.a.that b.what c.which d.who

53.Professor Smith was so punctual ______, he always arrived to class just as the bell rang.a.that the day he died b.until the day he died

c.that until the day he died d.until the day when he died

54.______ he came to England to study, he didn’t know how to cook.a.When b.since c.Until d.Unless

55.Although Mr smith is one of those teachers who appear to be friendly, ______ he is very hard to deal with.a.but b.so c.so that d.yet

56.______ a baby kangaroo is four months old does it begin to live outside its mother’s pouch.a.Until b.Not until c.After d.Only until

57.The earliest kind of desk was a box that had a sloping lid _______ there was storage space for writing materials.a.under that b.under which c.which d.that

58.I won’t lend any money to Joe because I am afraid ______ he will forget to pay it back.a.if b.whether c.that d.of

59.______ human beings depend to a great extent on forests, every effort must be made to preserve trees and wildlife.a.If b.Unless c.Until d.Since

60.______ he was caught cheating on the exam, Oliver had been considered to be an honest boy.a.When b.After c.Although d.Before

61.Not long after Galileo’s time, Newton invented another kind of telescope ______ mirrors instead of lenses.a.which used b.in which he used c.that he used d.in that he used 62._____ him as a writer I don’t like him as a man.a.Much I admire b.Much as I admire c.As much I admire d.As I admire much 63.I punish the child ______ he should make the same mistake again.a.as be because c.lest d.unless

64.Hardly had the speaker begun to talk ______ were laughs.a.when there b.than there c.than d.that

65.A joint is ______ permits the forward and backward movement of a door.a.that b.whose c.those d.what

66.I am pleased with what you have told me and ______ you have given me.a.all what b.all that c.which d.all whatever

67.______ has recently been done to improve the conditions of elementary schools a great number of children are unable to go to school.a.That b.What c.In spite of what d.Though what

68.Nuclear weapon is considered the most terrible weapon of war ______ man has invented.a.which b.that c.as d.since

69.______ he performed the task with success.a.It was expected b.Which was expected c.As was expected d.That was expected

70.The size of the audience, ______ I had expected, was well over ten thousand.a.which b.that c.as d.whom

71.Not everybody could be expected to know all the answers, ______ some questions called for educated guesses rather than general knowledge.a.as b.so c.such d.once

72.______ you try, you’ll never lose your English accent.a.No matter what b.How hard c.No matter how hard d.Whatever hard

73.______ the bridge were packed with cars and buses, it could still carry twice the load.a.Despite b.Provided c.Unless d.Even if

74.The airplane crashed and over a hundred passengers were killed, ______.a.and that shocked the world b.and which shocked the world c.this fact shocked the world d.which shocked the world

75.The time will surely come ______ ordinary people could operate computers as well.a.while b.when c.as d.on which

76.This machine is new.______, it is in excellent condition.a.Furthermore b.However c.Otherwise d.but

77.This room had but a single window, ______ were kept closed when it was not in use.a.which its shutters b.its shutters of which c.the shutters of which d.which shutters

78.The old man is no coward;______ he is a man of high spirits.a.rather than b.on the contrary c.on the other hand d.at the same time

79.Satellite photographs can provide information on ______ rain are falling.a.which where and how much b.where and how c.where and how d.where and how much

80.Skiing is a sport ______ goes back 4,000 years.a.and its b.whose history c.its history d.and which

81.They will be praised or blamed ______ their work is good or bad.a.according as b.as for c.in as much as d.as regards 82.The story of his upbringing is shocking ______.a.to all that read it b.to all who reads it c.to all which read it d.to all who read it 83.You should get the license in two weeks;______, you’ll have to pay a fine.a.yet b.still c.or d.consequently

84.I had hardly reached the airport ______ he started for his destination.a.then b.when c.the moment d.than

85.He had a large collection of books, ______ are written in foreign languages.a.many b.many ones of which c.many of which d.many in which

86.The book is for the students ______ native language is not Chinese to study in a Chinese college or university.a.their b.that c.whose d.of whom

87.Geologists cannot accurately predict ______ the live volcano will erupt again.a.when b.which c.is that d.and when

88.______ said under oath was disputed by several other witness.a.It is the man b.What the man c.That the man d.The man has

89.______ I was going to college, I was also working as a waitress on weekends.a.During the time that b.At the moment that c.In spite of the fact that d.On the ground that

90.it is a good idea to take a first-aid kit ______ there is an accident.a.in case b.in the event of c.in condition d.but that

91.The strength of the new material is ______ it can stand heavy loads at high temperature.a.that b.such that c.what d.so that

92.That’s the doctor ______ on the seriously wounded man.a.who he operated b.that he operated c.who operated d.that operated him

93._____ , the problem can be solved in only 2 hours with an electronic computer.a.Complicated though it is b.Though is it complicated c.As it is complicated d.Complicated as it is

94.He burned all the important documents ______ that they should fall into the enemy’s hands.a.unless b.so b.lest d.for fear

95.His office on the fortieth floor of a skyscraper in the center of New York City is the world ______.a.that he works b.which he works c.he works in c.he works

96.With the introduction of the electronic computer, there are no complicated problem ______ can be solved.a.that b.as c.but d.which

97.______ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.a.Nearly b.That nearly c.It is nearly d.When nearly

98.In the testing period, the students spent ______ much time in the classroom on mathematics ______ they spent on any other subject.a.as, as b.as, that c.so, that d.such, that

99.Our confidence in the curative properties of the bottle of medicine remains the same ______.a.like theirs b.as they c.as theirs d.as them

100.The audience, ______ enjoyed the performance.a.most of them were students b.most of whom were students c.whom they were students d.they were mostly students

101.______ steel is stronger than iron, men are able to make steel pipes with larger diameters.a.While b.If c.Unless d.As

102.Mr.Chen said that he would be punctual for the appointment, ______ he were late?

a.but what if b.how about c.so what d.and what about

103.Mrs.Lee will move into her new house next Monday, ______ it will be completely furnished.a.by which time b.by the time c.by that time d.by some time

104.I have little doubt about his competence;______ he is well-qualified for the job.a.although b.because c.moreover d.yet

105.The quantum theory states ______, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta or protons.a.energy that b.that it is energy c.it is energy d.that energy

106.______ to space travelers is high acceleration or deceleration forces.a.Danger can be b.They can be dangerous c.What can be dangerous d.While danger

107.______ these questions may sound academic, answers to them could have profound economic and political significance.a.Since b.If c.While d.Lest

108.A body weighs ______ from the surface of the Earth.a.less the farther it gets b.the farther it gets

c.less than it gets farther d.less than it, the farther it gets

109.______ it is you’ve found, you must give it back to the person it belongs to.a.That b.Because c.Whatever d.However

110.______ is often the case with a new idea much preliminary activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposals.a.That b.It c.Which d.As

111.Angiosperms inhabit relatively diverse environments and may be found ______ higher plants can survive.a.there b.wherever c.somewhere d.anywhere 112.Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge ______ our thinking.a.upon which to base b.which to base upon c.which to be based on d.to which to be based 113.Twelve is to six ______ two is to one.a.what b.which c.that d.when

114.______, she knows French well.a.A child as she is b.Child as she is c.As she is a child d.The child as she is 115.______, they could find nobody in the house.a.As they would search b.Would as they search c.Search as they would d.They would search as

第四篇：高中英語語法教案及配套練習(xí)---動詞的語態(tài)

12.動詞的語態(tài)

語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主語是動作的發(fā)出者時為主動語態(tài)；主語是動作的接受者時為被動語態(tài)。

注意：1）感官動詞主動語態(tài)的賓語補足語是不帶to 的不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，該不定式前要加“to”。例如：

The teacher made me go out of the classroom.老師逼我走出教室。

--> I was made to go out of the classroom（by the teacher）.We saw him play football on the playground.我們看見他在草場踢球。

--> He was seen to play football on the playground.2）情態(tài)動詞+ be +過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。例如：

Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.煤可以產(chǎn)生工農(nóng)業(yè)需要的電。

12.1 let 的用法

1）當(dāng)let后只有一個單音節(jié)動詞，變被動語態(tài)時，可用不帶to 的不定式。例如：

They let the strange go.他們放陌生人走了。

---> The strange was let go.2）當(dāng)let 后賓補較長時，let 通常不用被動語態(tài)，而用allow或permit 代替。例如：

The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital.那護(hù)士讓我去探望住院的同學(xué)。

----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.12.2 短語動詞的被動語態(tài)

短語動詞是一個整體，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。例如：

My sister will be taken care of by Grandma.我妹妹由奶奶照顧。

Such a thing has never been heard of before.這樣的事聞所未聞。

12.3 表示“據(jù)說”或“相信” 的詞組，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等組成。例如：

It is said that…

據(jù)說

It is reported that… 據(jù)報道

It is believed that… 大家相信

It is hoped that… 大家希望

It is well known that… 眾所周知

It is thought that… 大家認(rèn)為

It is suggested that… 據(jù)建議

It is taken granted that…

被視為當(dāng)然

It has been decided that… 大家決定

It must be remember that… 務(wù)必記住的是

12.4 不用被動語態(tài)的情況

1）不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語，如appear, die disappear, end（vi.結(jié)束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread，stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等沒有無被動語態(tài)。

例如：After the fire, very little remained of my house.大火過后，我家燒得所剩無幾。

比較：rise, fall, happen是不及物動詞；raise, seat是及物動詞。

（錯）The price has been risen.（對）The price has risen.（錯）The accident was happened last week.（對）The accident happened last week.（錯）The price has raised.（對）The price has been raised.（錯）Please seat.（對）Please be seated.要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。

2）不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：

This key just fits the lock.這把鑰匙只配這把鎖。

Your story agrees with what had already been heard.你說的與我們聽說的一致。

3）系動詞無被動語態(tài)，如appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：It sounds good.聽上去不錯。

4）帶同源賓語的及物動詞如die/death, dream/dream，live/life等，以及反身代詞，相互代詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。例如：

She dreamed a bad dream last night.她昨晚做了個惡夢。

5）當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。例如：

（對）She likes to swim.（錯）To swim is liked by her.12.5 主動形式表示被動意義

1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如：

The book sells well.這本書銷路好。

This knife cuts easily.這刀子很好用。

2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：

I was to blame for the accident.事故發(fā)生了，我該受指責(zé)。

Much work remains.還有許多活要干。

3）在need, require, want, worth（形容詞）, deserve后的動名詞必須用主動形式。例如：

The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired.門該修了。

This book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。

4）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：make sb.heard / understood（使別人能聽見/理解自己）等。例如： Explain it clearly and make yourself understood.解釋清楚些，讓別人理解你的話。

12.6 被動形式表示主動意義，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated（from）, be prepared（for）, be occupied（in）, get married等。例如：

He is graduated from a famous university.他畢業(yè)于一所有名的大學(xué)。

注意：表示同某人結(jié)婚，用marry sb.或get married to sb.均可。例如：

He married a rich girl.他與一個富妞結(jié)婚了。

He got married to a rich girl.12.7 need/want/require/worth

當(dāng) need, want, require, be worth后面接doing時，表示的是被動意義。例如：

Your hair wants cutting.你的頭發(fā)該理了。

The floor requires washing.地板需要沖洗。

典型例題

The library needs___, but it'll have to wait until Sunday.A.cleaning

B.be cleaned

C.clean

D.being cleaned

答案A.need（實意）+n /to do，need（情態(tài)）+ do，當(dāng)為被動語態(tài)時，還可need + doing.本題考最后一種用法，選A。如有to be cleaned 則也為正確答案。

第五篇：備戰(zhàn)2019高考英語名詞提升練習(xí)[范文]

2019備戰(zhàn)高考英語：名詞提升練習(xí)（含解析）

李仕才

一、單選題

1.—Could you tell me the____ of making such tasty cakes? — Well, I just follow the directons in the cookbook.A.feature

B.plan

C.cost

D.trick 2.In a(n)

to help preserve history, the Greek government established a committee to undertake the professional restoration of the Acropolis.A.order

B.purpose

C.aim

D.attempt 3.“China Daily”, whose editorial office is in Beijing, also has __________ in all major cities in China.A.branches

B.companies

C.organizations

D.businesses 4.If there is a(n)

of something, for example, a machine or part of the body, it goes wrong and stops working.A.failure

B.accident

C.damage

D.error 5.Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an

.A.affair

B.assistant

C.aspect

D.attraction 6.—Paul has gone abroad to try his luck.—In my________ , his decision is not wise.A.word

B.view

C.sight

D.way 7.—He tried his best to make the________of the famous professor and persuaded him to be his tutor.—May he succeed.A.decision

B.function

C.acquaintance

D.friends 8.He did not feel the need to say compliments, since he believed one should be confident within his heart.A.wishes

B.complaints

C.apologies

D.praises 9.When I came back home, I wrote him a letter to show my ________ of his thoughtfulness.A.appreciation

B.agreement

C.attention

D.achievement 10.Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n)______of 40,000 per year.A.average

B.number

C.amount

D.quantity 11.In order to _______ a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.A.require

B.inquire

C.acquire

D.address 12.Always read the________on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A.explanations

B.instructions

C.descriptions

D.introductions 13.What

it is to have

exciting game in the afternoon after school！A.a fun;a

B.a fun;an

C.fun;an

D.fun;a 14.On the top of this mountain, you can get a wonderful

of the nearby hills.A.view B.sight C.look D.scene 15.“I don't think it's my ________ that the window suddenly broke.I just opened it, that's all,” said the boy in tears.A.error

B.fault

C.mistake

D.duty 16.Now that the banks are back on their feet, we expect extraordinary ________ from them to help rebuild the economy.A.commitment

B.appointment

C.instrument

D.requirement 17.This book contains a ________ of several articles in nuclear physics so you can read it before you read the book in detail.A.digest

B.digestion

C.preview

D.manual 18.My doctor says I need an operation, but I've asked a second ________.A.role

B.concern

C.opinion

D.request 19.The teacher ____________ the exam marks on the wall so that the students could see them.Actually, I didn't quite like this ____________, though I was among the top students.A.put up;practice B.put on;improvement C.take down;performance D.take off;scene 20.She enjoyed the excitement of her work.Money was not her only _____________.A.breakthrough

B.performance

C.career

D.motivation 21.Beijing has built many sports centres, and they have the latest __________.A.equipments

B.facilities

C.advantages

D.souvenirs 22.Over years，scientists have made a great________in the treatment of cancer.A.break-in

B.breakthrough

C.break-up

D.breakdown 23.The medicine should usually be kept out of the ________ of children at home.A.distance

B.reach

C.limit

D.arrival 24.Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered

by a robot.A.scissors

B.section

C.skin

D.sympathy

二、語法填空

25.Living on her own in a foreign country for a year gave her a lot of ________(confident).26.A large________of money was spent on the bridge.27.We will try to make ________ with those students who are in need of books in the Mountainous area.28.“This is a matter of ________(important)and it cannot be settled carelessly,” the manager said.29.Chinese athletes have made many important________(contribute)to the Olympic Games.30.There are a number of________(藝術(shù)館)in the district.31.The actor was dressed in funny clothes, much to the ________(entertain)of the audience.32.Some day in the future, I'll make the ________(explore)of the surface of the Moon.33.It will certainly be of great help to Tom, if there is a good environment, enough books and ________(equip), as well as instruction from his teachers and friends.34.Are you available this afternoon to talk with me about rights and ________.(free)35.The plan will be submitted to the committee for official ________(approve).36.We paid a visit to Guilin, whose beauty was beyond ________(describe)． 37.There are ________(various)of books on the Internet.38.Several people witnessed the attack, but no one came to her ________(defend).39.He made an ________(apologize)to his mother for telling a lie.答案解析部分

一、單選題 1.【答案】D 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：——你能告訴我做如此美味蛋糕的訣竅嗎？——好吧，我就是按照烹飪書上的說明做的。A.feature“特征”；B.plan“計劃”；C.cost“花費”；D.trick“訣竅”。這里表示“你能告訴我做如此美味蛋糕的訣竅嗎”，所以選D?！军c評】考查名詞辨析，區(qū)分feature，plan，cost，trick的含義。2.【答案】D 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞辨析。句意：為了幫助保存歷史，希臘政府專門成立了一個委員會來承擔(dān)雅典衛(wèi)城的專業(yè)修復(fù)。A.order“命令”；B.purpose“目的”；C.aim“目標(biāo)”；D.attempt“企圖，嘗試”。in an attempt to固定短語，“為了，企圖”，故選D。【點評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步牢固掌握選項中四個名詞的含義和用法，準(zhǔn)確把握短語in an attempt to。3.【答案】A 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：《中國日報》編輯部在北京,它在中國所有大 城市都有分部。branch“分支,分部”；company“公司”;organization“組織”;business“生意”。故選A。【點評】考查名詞的辨析，區(qū)分branch，company，organization，business的含義。4.【答案】A 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：如果某物失敗了，例如，一臺機(jī)器或身體的某一部位，說明它出毛病了，停止工作了。A.failure “失敗”；

B.accident“事故”；C.damage“損害”；D.error“錯誤”。故選A。

【點評】考查名詞辨析，區(qū)分failure，accident，damage，error的含義。5.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】本題考查名詞的詞義辨析。A.affair風(fēng)流韻事，私事；B.assistant助手；C.aspect方面；D.attraction吸引。句意：克萊爾知道，格拉迪絲認(rèn)為她有風(fēng)流韻事了。根據(jù)句意可知本題選A。6.【答案】B 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】句意：——保羅出國淘金去了?！谖铱磥恚臎Q定不明智。in my view=“in” my opinion在我看來； 故選B?！军c評】考查固定詞組。7.【答案】C 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】句意為：—他盡力結(jié)識那位著名教授，并說服他當(dāng)他的導(dǎo)師?！Ｋ晒?。make the acquaintance of sb.結(jié)識；與……相見，是固定短語。make a decision about就……做出決定；function作用，功能，職能；make friends with與……交朋友。8.【答案】D 【考點】名詞辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：他不覺得有必要說恭維話，因為他相信一個人應(yīng)該在心里充滿自信。A.wishes“愿望”；B.complaints“抱怨”；C.apologies“道歉”；D.praises“贊美”。故選D。

【點評】考查名詞，區(qū)分wishes；complaints；apologies；praises的含義。9.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)我到家的時候，我寫給他一封信表達(dá)我對他的周全考慮的感激之情。A項表示“欣賞，感激”；B項是“同意，一致”之意；C項表示“注意”；D項是“成就”，故選A項適合。10.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】句意：去年畢業(yè)時有駕照的學(xué)生數(shù)量已達(dá)到20萬，平均每年4萬。average“平均，平均數(shù)”；a number of“許多，大量”，修飾可數(shù)名詞；an amount of“許多，大量”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；a quantity of“許多，大量”，修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A項。

【點評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步牢固掌握average、number、amount、quantity四個名詞的含義和用法。11.【答案】C 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查詞義辨析。A.需要；命令 B.詢問；查究

C.獲得；學(xué)到 D.演說；忙于。句意：為了學(xué)到更好的英語知識，他放棄了工作去一所英語學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。故選C?！军c評】考查詞義辨析 12.【答案】B 【考點】名詞辨析

【解析】【分析】 句意：讀瓶子上的說明，然后正確服藥。explanation“解釋；注釋；說明”；instruction“說明；須知”，常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式；description“描寫”；introduction“引導(dǎo)；傳入；介紹”。根據(jù)句意，此處指藥瓶上的“用藥須知；服用說明”。故選B。

【點評】考查名詞辨析，注意理解句意和單詞詞義。13.【答案】C 【考點】不定冠詞，what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，不可數(shù)名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：下午放學(xué)后去踢一場激動人心的比賽是一件多么有趣的事兒??！fun是個抽象名詞,但它的用法與其他的抽象名詞又不盡相同。即使在具體話的時候也不加冠詞a.what fun(it is)to do sth“干某事多有趣呀”。have an exciting game “一場激 動人心的比賽”，an表泛指。故選C。

【點評】考查感嘆句和冠詞，本題涉及不可數(shù)名詞fun的應(yīng)用和不定冠詞的用法。14.【答案】A 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：在山頂，你能看到附近山上的美景。A.view“風(fēng)景，視野”； B.sight“視力”；C.look“面容”； D.scene“場面”。get a view of為固定搭配，意為＂看到……的景象＂。故選A。

【點評】考查名詞，區(qū)分view，sight，look，scene以及固定短語get a view of。15.【答案】B 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。此題考查“error”“mistake”“fault”的區(qū)別，根據(jù)題意可知這個錯誤帶有責(zé)任，因此應(yīng)該用fault，而error主要是技術(shù)上的錯誤錯誤，mistake不帶含責(zé)任意味。因此選B。

【點評】find fault with找事，找岔子。16.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。A句意：既然銀行在逐漸復(fù)原當(dāng)中，我們期待得到來自他們特別的承諾幫助重建經(jīng)濟(jì)。commitment承諾；B.appointment預(yù)約；C.instrument儀器；D.requirement要求。故選A。

【點評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步準(zhǔn)確區(qū)分選項中的名詞的含義和用法。17.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞辨析。名詞digest摘要；digestion消化，領(lǐng)悟；preview試映，預(yù)演；預(yù)告片；象征，預(yù)示；manual手冊，指南；句意：這本書里有一些關(guān)于核物理的摘要，所以在你詳細(xì)閱讀這些書之前，你可以閱讀這些摘要。本題的in detail是關(guān)鍵詞，與“digest摘要”對應(yīng)。故A正確?！军c評】考查名詞辨析 18.【答案】C 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：我的醫(yī)生建議我開刀，但是我又征求了其他醫(yī)生的意見。role”角色，任務(wù)“；concern”關(guān)心，關(guān)注“；opinion“意見”；request”請求“。選C?！军c評】考查名詞辨析，區(qū)分role，concern，opinion，request的含義。19.【答案】A 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇，動詞短語的辨析

【解析】【分析】考查動詞詞組和名詞。A.put up提供，張貼;practice 練習(xí)，慣例 ； B.put on穿上;improvement改善；C.take down記下;performance表演；

D.take off起飛;scene場面。句意：老師把考試分?jǐn)?shù)張貼在墻上目的是學(xué)生們能夠看見。事實上，我不喜歡這樣的做法，盡管我在頂尖的學(xué)生中。根據(jù)句意可知選A。20.【答案】D 【考點】名詞辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：她很享受工作時的興奮感。錢不是她唯一的動力。根據(jù)前面提到的excitement可知，該空指的是動力。A.breakthrough “突破”；

B.performance“表演”；C.career “事業(yè)”； D.motivation“動力”。故選D。

【點評】考查名詞詞義辨析，區(qū)分breakthrough；performance；career；motivation的含義。

21.【答案】B 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。句意：北京建了很多體育中心，他們有最新的設(shè)備。A.equipments”裝備“；

B.facilities ”設(shè)備“；C.advantages ”優(yōu)勢“； D.souvenirs”紀(jì)念品“?？芍鸢笧锽。

【點評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步牢固掌握選項中四個名詞的含義和用法。22.【答案】B 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】考查單詞意思辨析。A項“非法進(jìn)入，闖入”；B項“突破”；C項“破裂”；D項“失敗，損壞”。根據(jù)句意“在過

去的幾年里，科學(xué)家在癌癥的治療上已經(jīng)取得了重大突破”。故答案為B。23.【答案】B 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】名詞詞義辨析題。A.distance距離 B.reach手可觸及的范圍 C.limit 限制D.arrival 到達(dá) 根據(jù)語境“藥品應(yīng)放在家中孩子夠不到的范圍”所以選D。24.【答案】D 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇

【解析】【分析】本題考查名詞的詞義辨析。A.scissors剪刀；B.section部分；C.skin皮膚；D.sympathy同情。句意：托尼則說，克萊爾一定是很不高興，才會說出這樣的話來?？巳R爾覺得，機(jī)器人會向她表示同情，這有點荒唐可笑。根據(jù)句意可知選D正確。

二、語法填空

25.【答案】confidence 【考點】不可數(shù)名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：她在異國他鄉(xiāng)生活了一年，給了她很多自信。a lot of = lots of,可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，意為“許多”，“大量的”，相當(dāng)于many或much。故答案為confidence。

【點評】考查單詞在語境中的運用，需要根據(jù)句意和句子成分分析，對詞進(jìn)行必要的變形，同時熟記固定搭配和基本句型。26.【答案】amount 【考點】固定短語，名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：一大筆錢花在了這座橋上。a large amount of固定短語，譯為“許多，大量的”，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。故填amount?！军c評】考查名詞，以及固定短語a large amount of。27.【答案】contact 【考點】固定短語，名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：我們將設(shè)法與那些在山區(qū)需要書籍的學(xué)生取得聯(lián)系。contact名詞，“聯(lián)系”，make contact with固定短語，“與……取得聯(lián)系”。結(jié)合句意判斷填contact?！军c評】考查名詞，以及固定短語make contact with。28.【答案】importance 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：“這是一個重要的問題，不能隨便解決，”經(jīng)理說。of后接名詞或動名詞，故important的名詞形式為importance。

【點評】考查單詞在語境中的運用，需要根據(jù)句意和句子成分分析，對詞進(jìn)行必要的變形。29.【答案】contributions 【考點】固定短語，名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：中國運動員為奧運會做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。make a contribution to固定短語，“為……做出貢獻(xiàn)”，根據(jù)前面的many可知用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填contributions?！军c評】考查名詞，以及固定短語make a contribution to。30.【答案】galleries

【解析】【分析】句意：在這個地區(qū)有許多藝術(shù)館。a number of“許多”，后面接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填galleries。

【考查】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，要求在理解句義的的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的單詞，結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，寫出正確的單詞形式。31.【答案】entertainment 【考點】固定短語，名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：這位演員身著奇裝異服，很受觀眾的歡迎。much to one's +名詞，固定短語，“使某人非常…..”，所以填entertainment?！军c評】考查名詞，以及固定短語much to one's +名詞。32.【答案】exploration 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：將來的某一天，我將探索月球的表面?？疾閠he+n.+of的結(jié)構(gòu)，故答案為：exploration。

【點評】考查the+n.+of的結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞形式。33.【答案】equipment 【考點】不可數(shù)名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：如果湯姆有好的環(huán)境，足夠的書籍和設(shè)備，以及他的老師和朋友的指導(dǎo)，對他肯定有很大幫助。本句中的equip在句子中與books一起作表語，二者都被形容詞enough修飾，故要用名詞，因此填equipment。【點評】考查名詞，本題涉及名詞作主語的應(yīng)用。34.【答案】freedom 【考點】名詞的辨析及其在語境中的正確選擇，單詞拼寫

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。句意：今天下午你有空和我談?wù)剻?quán)利和自由嗎？此空 與前面的rights并列，故這里也用名詞，故填freedom。

【點評】本題要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，要進(jìn)一步掌握freedom 的含義和用法，從而寫出所給單詞的正確形式。35.【答案】approval 【考點】名詞，單詞拼寫

【解析】【分析】考查名詞。句意：因為官方批準(zhǔn)這個計劃將提交委員會。approval”批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可“。形容詞后面應(yīng)跟名詞形式，故填approval。

【點評】本題題干是根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空，要求考生在理解句義的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步考查考生對名詞這一知識點的掌握。36.【答案】description 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：我們?nèi)チ斯鹆郑鹆值拿利愲y以形容。beyond description固定短語，“難以形容”，故填description。

【點評】考查名詞，以及固定短語beyond description。37.【答案】varieties 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】考查名詞的拼寫。句意：網(wǎng)上有各種各樣的書。varieties of各種各樣的。故用varieties。

【點評】考查對單詞熟練掌握，同時根據(jù)語境對單詞進(jìn)行必要的變形，注意名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。38.【答案】defence/ defences 【考點】名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：有幾個人目擊了這次襲擊，但沒有人來為她辯護(hù)。此處her是形容詞性物主代詞，后面用名詞形式，故答案為defence/ defences?！军c評】考查名詞，本題涉及名詞作介詞賓語的應(yīng)用。39.【答案】apology 【考點】固定短語，名詞

【解析】【分析】句意：他因說謊向他的母親道歉。make an apology to …固定短語，“向.....道歉”，故填apology。

【點評】考查名詞，以及固定短語make an apology to …。