第一篇：Z詞匯班教案答案

L1 A 1.He hugged her and handed her a bouquet of roses.他擁抱她,接著遞給她一束玫瑰花。

2.The hostess gave us a cordial greeting.女主人熱忱地歡迎我們。

3.The volunteers for community service are doing a good job.社區(qū)服務(wù)的志愿者做得很出色。

4.We saw priceless paintings at the museum.我們?cè)诓┪镳^看到貴重的名畫(huà)。

5.The old lady is very cautious with money.那位老太太用錢(qián)很謹(jǐn)慎。

6.A banquet was given in honor of the visiting President.為來(lái)訪的總統(tǒng)舉行了宴會(huì)。

7.I am grateful to have you help me repair the house.承你幫忙修繕?lè)孔?我十分感激。

8.No prior knowledge should be required.不需要預(yù)先學(xué)得什么知識(shí)。

9.The celebration of Christmas is a custom.慶祝圣誕節(jié)是一種風(fēng)俗。

10.They all avoided mentioning that name.他們都避免提及那名字。

11.Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音樂(lè)會(huì)上咳嗽真會(huì)使人難堪。

12.Yesterday we were hosts to a few friends.昨天我們接待了幾位朋友。

13.I informed his wife of his safe arrival.我通知他太太他已平安抵達(dá)。

14.I am going to get everything ready beforehand.我將事先把一切準(zhǔn)備好。

15.As he grew older, his appreciation of art grew.隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),他對(duì)藝術(shù)的鑒賞力也提高了。16.The plan was rejected.該計(jì)劃遭拒絕。

17.Miss White received a bunch of flowers from her admirer.懷特小姐收到愛(ài)慕者所送的一束花。

18.I ought to have told you in advance.我應(yīng)該事先告訴你。

19.Do not treat this serious matter as a joke.不要把這件嚴(yán)肅的事情當(dāng)作笑料。

20.She picked up a dress appropriate for the occasion.她挑了一件適合該場(chǎng)合穿的衣服。

21.He pursued his hobby of collecting old almanacs for so many years.許多年來(lái)他一直保持著收集舊歷書(shū)的嗜好。B He has a good sense of humor.Please avoid making noise.Tripping over on the road can be a real embarrassment.She likes to eat chocolate.Be cautious with those glasses.Friendship is priceless.L2 A 1.Please excuse my intrusion.請(qǐng)?jiān)徫疑米赃M(jìn)來(lái)。

2.President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas in 1963.肯尼迪總統(tǒng)于一九六三在達(dá)拉斯遭暗殺。

3.Yesterday we saw a film starring Charlie Chaplin.昨天我們看了一部查理·卓別林主演的電影。4.The baby was raised on soya-bean milk(豆?jié){).這孩子是用喂養(yǎng)大的。

5.She is an outstanding actress.她是一個(gè)杰出的演員。

6.This is the most mature of his plays.這是他最成熟的一部劇作。7.She speaks French fluently.她法語(yǔ)說(shuō)得很流利。

8.The actress made her debut in the new comedy.這位演員在那出新喜劇中首次登臺(tái)演出。

9.They attempted to finish the task before July.他們?cè)噲D在七月以前完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。

10.Rumours of an imminent earthquake started a panic.謠傳即將發(fā)生地震引起了一陣恐慌。11.He is a very talented actor.他是一個(gè)很有天賦的演員。

12.The President nominated him Ambassador to Russia.總統(tǒng)提名他擔(dān)任駐俄國(guó)大使。

13.There was only one survivor from the plane crash.這次飛機(jī)失事只有一個(gè)幸存者。

14.The TV show was interrupted by too many commercials.那檔電視節(jié)目插進(jìn)的商業(yè)廣告太多了,不斷被打斷。

B She started to appear in TV commercials since she was three years old.She released her debut album.This is the role he always dreams about.She was nominated for Best Supporting Actress.Due to his outstanding performance, he got the job.I like watching thriller movies.L3 A 1.John is very knowledgeable about classical music.約翰對(duì)古典音樂(lè)有豐富的知識(shí)。

2.He referred all his troubles to bad luck.他將他的一切麻煩都?xì)w因于運(yùn)氣不好。

3.This paper has a circulation of more than a million.這一報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量達(dá)一百多萬(wàn)份。

4.New York is a great financial center.紐約是一個(gè)重要的金融中心。

5.He purchased this stamp at an auction.他在拍賣(mài)會(huì)中購(gòu)得這枚郵票。6.She had small, neat writing.她的字寫(xiě)得小而工整。

7.No register of his death was found.沒(méi)有查到他的死亡記錄。

8.He majors in Russian literature.他主修俄羅斯文學(xué)。

9.This is an unprofitable discussion.Our standpoints are too different.這是一種無(wú)益的討論。我們的立場(chǎng)太不一樣了。

10.The company came up with a new, more compact computer.公司推出了一種新的更小型的電腦。

11.Influential friends helped him to get a good job.有權(quán)勢(shì)的朋友們幫他弄到一份美差。

12.When I mentioned what I had come for, he immediately offered to lend me help.我說(shuō)明來(lái)意之后,他立即提出要幫我忙。13.Hard work is essential to success.成功必須努力工作。

14.They obtained a loan from the government.他們從政府那里得到一筆貸款。

15.The original price of the car was a bit too high.這輛汽車(chē)的原價(jià)太高了一點(diǎn)。

16.Coloring differentiates the sexes in many birds.鳥(niǎo)的雌雄通?？删推漕伾枰詤^(qū)分。

17.Little of the original architecture remains.原先的建筑物幾乎沒(méi)有殘留。

18.The New York Times has correspondents in many countries.《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》在許多國(guó)家有它的通訊記者。

19.The mailman delivered the letters promptly.那個(gè)郵差準(zhǔn)時(shí)地投遞信件。B Many people listen to the broadcast radio show.She majors in English literature.That correspondent was hurt.He prefers to read broadsheet newspapers.The magazine has a neat typesetting.He purchased a computer at that shop yesterday.L5 A 1.The city hall is planning to start a campaign against smoking.市政府計(jì)劃發(fā)起禁煙運(yùn)動(dòng)。

2.The athlete won two gold medals in the Olympics.這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員在奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上獲得兩塊金牌。3.He devoted himself to writing.他專(zhuān)心寫(xiě)作。

4.I was then under contract to a bus company.那時(shí)候我按合同為一家公共汽車(chē)公司工作 5.Can you date the fossil exactly? 你能確定這化石的確切年代嗎? 6.This is Europe's premier port.這是歐洲第一大港。

7.We launched a new project.我們開(kāi)始從事一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目。

8.He received a challenge to a TV debate.他接到電視辯論的挑戰(zhàn)。

9.Several nations formed a defense league.幾個(gè)國(guó)家結(jié)成了防御聯(lián)盟。

10.He is a very talented actor.他是一個(gè)很有天賦的演員。

11.The flowers spread their fragrance far and wide.花兒的芳香散發(fā)到四面八方。

12.The rich lady left all her money to charities.那個(gè)闊太太把所有的錢(qián)都捐給慈善事業(yè)。13.He was appointed ambassador to France.他被任命為駐法國(guó)大使。14.He is a major writer.他是位大作家。

15.They sang with great passion.他們滿(mǎn)懷激情地歌唱。B We are Manchester United supporters.She has no passion for this job.The students from a football league.His achievements are incomparable.He was not afraid to confront with the new challenge.This parking space is reserved for disabled drivers.L誤

It is said that the pirates buried their treasure________ on this island.據(jù)說(shuō)海盜把他們的金銀財(cái)寶埋藏在這個(gè)島上。They are _willing________ to come.Replacing all the windows would be too costly.He held a knife in his hand.他手里握著一把刀。

The enemy troops withdrew.敵軍撤退了。

He made his escape in disguise.他化裝后逃走了。

You must be very careful with this _sharp_______ knife.Japan does lots of trade with the United States.日本與美國(guó)間的貿(mào)易頻繁。

The ___royal_____ family consists of the king and queen and their relations.He sold his company to become Minister of Agriculture.他為了當(dāng)農(nóng)業(yè)大臣把公司賣(mài)了。He is the hero of an old legend.他是一個(gè)古老傳說(shuō)中的英雄。

The fried chicken is _____delicious___.She was pale with fear.她嚇得臉色發(fā)白。

Kings and queens wear crowns at official ceremonies.國(guó)王和女王出席官方儀式時(shí)戴王冠。

The millionaire kept 39 ______servants__.The curtains hang well.窗簾掛得很好。B Have you ever visited the Summer Palace? I am tired of eating rice.I am willing to help you.What delicious food!He risked his life to save the child.You must return the book on time.L6 A 1.He easily defeated his opponent in the election.選舉中他輕易地?fù)魯×藢?duì)手。

2.Mr.Wells tackled the difficult problem, but he couldn't solve it.威爾斯先生處理過(guò)這一難題,但未能解決。3.She cut the cake into quarters.她把蛋糕切成四份。

4.Tom thought of the war as an aggressive one.湯姆把這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)視作侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。5.The collision between the ships was caused by fog.船只相撞事件因霧造成。6.The present trouble was imposed on him.目前的困難是強(qiáng)加在他身上的。

7.They padded the seat of the chair with horse-hair to make it soft.他們往椅子的坐墊里填塞馬鬃以使之柔軟。8.The Industrial Revolution originated from the invention of the steam engine.工業(yè)革命始于蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明。9.You confused Australia with Austria.你把澳大利亞和奧地利搞混了。10.Smoking is prohibited in the office building.辦公樓內(nèi)禁止抽煙。11.You didn't obey the manager's instructions.你沒(méi)有執(zhí)行經(jīng)理的指示。12.A competitive person loves to win and hates to lose.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)心強(qiáng)的人喜歡贏討厭輸。13.There are now stiffer penalties for drunken drivers.現(xiàn)在對(duì)酗酒開(kāi)車(chē)的處罰更嚴(yán)厲了。

14.Bees and wasps both sting, but they have other similarities too.蜜蜂和黃蜂都螫人,但它們還有其他相似之處。

B.They are discussing about new offense tactics.The team has a poor defense.The fire caused severe injuries.He dribbled the ball passes half way line and scored a goal.The referee gave him a sending-off.He was tackled by the opponent when advancing the ball.L7 1． A stable government is essential to economic growth.穩(wěn)定的政府對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)是重要的。2.This wine complements the food perfectly.用這酒配這些菜肴,相得益彰。3.This is entirely wrong from my viewpoint.在我看來(lái),此事全錯(cuò)了。

4.Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.這一地區(qū)經(jīng)常發(fā)生地震。

5.He was busily engaged in painting the furniture.他忙于油漆家具。6.The economic crisis lasted for several years.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)持續(xù)了好幾年。7.This is the most mature of his plays.這是他最成熟的一部劇作。

8.Something told him that this was a crisis in their lives.他意識(shí)到這是他們生活中的一次危機(jī)。

9.The new prime minister is generally acknowledged as a farsighted statesman.新首相是一位公認(rèn)的有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)的政治家。10.They have published a lot of new books on international issues.他們已經(jīng)出版了很多論述國(guó)際問(wèn)題的新書(shū)。11.That was a critical time in the nation's history.那是涉及國(guó)家命運(yùn)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻。12.The well-known writer is open-minded enough to admit that not all his novels are first-rate.那位著名作家很虛心,承認(rèn)他的小說(shuō)并非全是上乘之作。13.He is an energetic tennis player.他是個(gè)精力充沛的網(wǎng)球手。

14．The artist craved recognition of his talents.這位藝術(shù)家渴望他的天才得到承認(rèn)。

15.Then began a series of wet days that spoiled our vacation.之后就是一連串的下雨天,把我們的假期弄得一團(tuán)糟。16.He likes me, and vice versa.他喜歡我,我也喜歡他。

17.The girl's warm personality is her greatest charm.那女孩熱情的個(gè)性是她最迷人之處。B This is not an ordinary book.I don’t want to discuss about this issue right now.He never reads a tabloid.We’re not interested in her new romance.They are curious about this matter.Her boyfriend is farsighted.L8 A He took part in the competition for the glory of the school.他為學(xué)校的榮譽(yù)參加了競(jìng)賽。

The rowers lost their rhythm and the boat lost speed.槳手們劃槳的節(jié)奏亂了,賽艇因此慢了下來(lái)。

Our team won the championship in the basketball tournament.我們隊(duì)在籃球聯(lián)賽中贏得冠軍。

Fulfillment must be sought through the spirit, not the body or the mind.人要尋求滿(mǎn)足必須通過(guò)心靈,而不是通過(guò)身體或是腦子。Susan won the spelling championship.蘇珊在拼字比賽中得了第一名 I like vocal music.我喜歡聲樂(lè)。

The Japanese yen hit an all-time high last week on the money markets.日元上周在貨幣市場(chǎng)上達(dá)到歷史最高點(diǎn)。Is the news official? 這消息是官方發(fā)布的嗎? The chart showed the company's rapid growth in recent years.圖表顯示了該公司近年來(lái)的迅速發(fā)展。Paul likes playing very loud rock.保羅喜歡播放很響的搖滾樂(lè)。

The band played the national anthem.B This is her official website.This song shows the spirit of football games..Please sing the national anthem.Their kids are energetic.Do you know that composer? Her performance won her much praises.L9 A The first walk on the moon was quite an accomplishment.第一次在月球上行走是一項(xiàng)了不起的成就。He convinced me of his innocence.他使我相信他是無(wú)辜的。

She passed her qualification for the Olympic gymnastic competition.她獲得了奧林匹克體操比賽的資格。

The speaker emphasized what he was saying by waving his hands.發(fā)言人揮舞雙手強(qiáng)調(diào)他所說(shuō)的。The rain spoiled our picnic.這場(chǎng)雨弄得我們的野餐一團(tuán)糟。

She discredited his good name with ugly gossip.她散布惡毒的流言蜚語(yǔ),壞敗他的好名聲。A judge must give an objective opinion.評(píng)判員必須發(fā)表公正的意見(jiàn)。

All personnel of the company are eligible for the retirement plan.公司所有員工都有資格參加這項(xiàng)退休計(jì)劃。They have planned a tight schedule of travel.他們安排了一個(gè)緊湊的旅行日程。

Window screens are effective in keeping out mosquitoes.紗窗能有效地?fù)踝∥米印?/p>

You're required to submit a resume.你必須交一份個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷。

He gave a clear and concise summary of what had happened.She is an outstanding actress.她是一個(gè)杰出的演員。

His nationality isn't relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.他的國(guó)籍跟他是不是一個(gè)好律師不相關(guān)。The club excluded women from membership.該俱樂(lè)部拒絕婦女入會(huì)。

I started primary school when I was 5 years old.我五歲時(shí)開(kāi)始讀小學(xué)。

The bank has branches all over the country.該銀行在全國(guó)各地均有分行。

No matter whether these figures are accurate, we have to recheck them.B They set up a branch office last month.A secretary is responsible for his/her supervisor’s daily schedule.This is an effective strategy.Her suggestion was excluded.This is a remarkable accomplishment.She doesn’t have any relevant skills.L10 1.India was once a British colony.印度曾是英國(guó)的殖民地。

2.Judging by her accent, she must be a Southerner.從她的口音判斷,她準(zhǔn)是南方人。3.They did an expedition to the Himalayas.他們到喜馬拉雅山去考察了一次。

4.The soldiers were confronted by two terrorists as they left their camp.士兵們離開(kāi)營(yíng)房時(shí),迎面遇到兩個(gè)恐怖分子。5.Professor King often contributes to the medical journal.金教授常為那個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)刊物撰稿。

6.We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.我們必須把注意力集中在效率上。7.I have no sympathy for beggars.我不同情乞丐。

8.One of his new comedies is to be presented.他的一個(gè)新喜劇將要上演。9.My lifestyle is to go for a walk after supper.10.It is one of the great masterpieces of European art.它是歐洲藝術(shù)最杰出的作品之一。

11.The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities.這封信主要是關(guān)于出口商品的。12.He is a remarkable linguist.他是一位杰出的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家。

13.This is an irreconcilable conflict.這是一個(gè)不可調(diào)和的矛盾。

14.Tragedy is a type of literature that involves death, suffering or disaster.悲劇作品是文學(xué)的一種,內(nèi)容常涉及死亡,不幸和災(zāi)難。

B Dinosaurs once existed on the earth.She likes British Literature.His father is one of the most famous authors in China.This is a comedy.She doesn’t like tragedies.He took an expedition to the South Pole.L11 A His personality________ left a deep impression on us.他的人品給我們留下了深刻的印象。The results, as an example, are given with the determining accuracy______ of about? This ruler has one scale________ in centimeters and another in inches.這把尺有厘米和英寸兩種刻度。

Winning gave us emotional_________ satisfaction.獲勝給予我們感情上的滿(mǎn)足。

He fancies himself a bit of a psychologist________.他自以為有一點(diǎn)心理學(xué)家的天分。

He has a great capacity ________for learning languages.他學(xué)語(yǔ)言的能力很強(qiáng)。

Crime has to be studied in its social contexts________.犯罪活動(dòng)得聯(lián)系其社會(huì)背景來(lái)研究。

He predicted ________that an earthquake was imminent.他預(yù)言即將發(fā)生地震。

Compare________ this with that, and you will see which is better.將這個(gè)與那個(gè)比較一下,你就會(huì)知道哪個(gè)比較好了。

Mr.Paine made a request________ that I should help him.佩恩先生要求我?guī)椭?/p>

The amount of rain affects ________the growth of crops.雨量影響作物的生長(zhǎng)。

All humans do have some kind of innate mental ________ability.凡是人確有某種天生的智力。

This picture represents________ a scene at King Arthur's court.這幅畫(huà)描繪了亞瑟王法庭的一個(gè)場(chǎng)面。

Practical ________experience is often very important.實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)往往是很重要的。

The teacher did not explain its grammatical function_________.老師沒(méi)有解釋它的語(yǔ)法功能。

I detected ________anger in her voice.我察覺(jué)出她說(shuō)話(huà)聲里含著憤怒。

B The purpose of the test is to detect intelligence.The machine can detect if you’re telling the truth.These children are suffering mental retardation.No one can really predict the future.Do you know how to solve this formula? Please make sure the accuracy of these data.L12 A 1.Nature is permanent.自然是永恒的。

2.We needed additional money for our trip.3.He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council.他將城市發(fā)展建議提交市議會(huì)。我們出去旅行需要更多的錢(qián)。4.Tax revenues increased last year.去年稅收增加了。

5.Can I get a tax deduction if I give money to The Cancer Fund?

6.The war stopped postal communication between the two countries.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中斷兩國(guó)間的郵政通訊。

7.Ellen has got a temporary job.艾倫找到一份臨時(shí)工作。

8.This is a gold necklace, hence it is expensive.這是根金項(xiàng)鏈,因此很貴。

9.Do you know the charitable funds

10.The United States has a federal government.美國(guó)有聯(lián)邦政府。

11.The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it.獵人追蹤狼,并設(shè)法逮住它。

12.The bank loan is due this month.銀行貸款本月到期。

13.The chairman was quite familiar with the procedure for conducting a meeting.主席對(duì)開(kāi)會(huì)的程序很熟悉。14.I got this money legally.我得到這筆錢(qián)是合法的。

15.Is the money sufficient to cover the tuition? 這筆錢(qián)付學(xué)費(fèi)夠嗎?

16.The invention of paper was a great contribution to human civilization.紙的發(fā)明是對(duì)人類(lèi)文明的一大貢獻(xiàn)。

17.His boss obligated him to work on weekends.18.Two guards looked after the security of the property.兩個(gè)警衛(wèi)看管財(cái)產(chǎn)的安全。

B You must pay income tax.I was obliged to testify on court.Pension is one of the deductions.I made a contribution to the orphanage.Are you a permanent resident of this country? They are not residents of this place.L13 A A refrigerator was then a luxury.那時(shí)候冰箱是種奢侈品。

It took them two years to construct the bridge.他們用了兩年時(shí)間建這座橋。

She flavored the fish with sugar and vinegar.她用糖和醋給魚(yú)調(diào)味。

The Pyramids were among the seven wonders of the world.古埃及大金字塔是世界七大奇觀之一。We saw sculptures of ancient Roman gods.我們看到古代羅馬神的塑像。

She soon got used to the hustle and bustle of city life.她不久就習(xí)慣了城市生活的喧鬧繁忙。

The museum has many antiquities from ancient Egypt.All this gracious living isn't for me;I prefer the simple life.這種優(yōu)裕的生活對(duì)我不合適;我還是喜歡簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。Can you recommend me a brochure on vacations abroad? 你能給我推薦一本國(guó)外度假指南冊(cè)嗎？

The company dominates this segment of the market.該公司控制了這一部分市場(chǎng)。

He has a stiff manner of speaking.他演講的樣子很不自然。

Tom is the architect of this building.湯姆是該建筑的設(shè)計(jì)師。

I used to stroll along the beach on Sundays.我過(guò)去常在星期天沿海灘散步。

The council are trying to decide where to situate the new hospital.委員會(huì)正試圖決定將新醫(yī)院建在何處。

We reached our destination, tired and hungry.到達(dá)目的地時(shí),我們又累又餓。Soya is excellent for fattening pigs.用大豆給豬增膘是極好的。

The whole story is a fantasy.這整個(gè)故事只是一個(gè)虛構(gòu)。

I like the hustle and bustle of Marseilles.我喜歡馬賽熙熙攘攘的景象。

B This is our destination.She likes to read romantic novels.He has a brochure in his hand.He keeps staring at that sculpture.You intentionally tripped me over.There is a fig tree in the orchard.L14 A They lived in a house on the edge of a forest.他們住在森林邊緣一所房子里。

By the end of August we had completed the work.我們到八月底就完成了這項(xiàng)工作。

We studied the anatomy of the snake.我們研究了蛇的解剖結(jié)構(gòu)。

She counseled with her husband about the problem.她同丈夫商量了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Education should not be restricted to any one specific age group.教育不應(yīng)限制在任何特定的年齡組上。

Employees are entitled to an annual paid leave of fifteen days.職員一年可享受十五天帶薪的假期。

The oral opening in an earthworm is small.蚯蚓的口是很小的。

Cavities in teeth are caused by decay.牙齒的蛀洞是由蛀蝕造成的。

He straightened the bent strip.他把那彎曲的金屬片弄直了。

The secretary enrolled our names.秘書(shū)登記了我們的名字。

Accidents are happening with increasing frequency.事故正在愈加頻繁地發(fā)生。

The two doctors made different diagnoses of my disease.兩位醫(yī)生對(duì)我的病下了不同的診斷結(jié)論。We are applying for a license to sell wine.我們正申請(qǐng)執(zhí)照賣(mài)酒。

Her remarks seemed a bit adolescent.她的這番話(huà)似乎有點(diǎn)幼稚。

The letter is chiefly concerned with export commodities.這封信主要是關(guān)于出口商品的。

B Credit issues occur with increasing frequency.He made an appointment with the dentist for this afternoon.We are waiting for the doctor’s diagnosis.We interpret a smile as a sign of joy.She counseled with me about this issue.You must enroll by Friday.L15 A The novel earned him a literary award.這部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)為他贏得文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。

He was uneasy about my decision.他對(duì)我的決定感到不安。

It is often used as folk medicine to cure snake bites.它常被用作民間藥物治療蛇咬傷。

Older people prefer ballads to pop music.年紀(jì)大一些的人喜歡民歌,而不喜歡流行音樂(lè)。He refused the request on moral grounds.基于道德上的考慮,他拒絕了這個(gè)請(qǐng)求。

Their statement was correct.他們的說(shuō)法是對(duì)的。

Our current methods of production are too expensive.我們現(xiàn)今用的生產(chǎn)方法太花錢(qián)了。

A new movie is to be released tonight.今晚要發(fā)行一部新電影。

Her speech was recorded on a tape.她的演講錄在錄音帶上。

The pop singer is the idol of young people.這位流行歌手成為年輕人崇拜的偶像。

B This is a new art genre.She is listening to balled music.They are living a miserable life.The singer released a new album.Do you want to buy her record? Her album was certified platinum.L16 A There's an error in your calculation.你計(jì)算中有個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。

He was deeply involved with the anti-drugs crusade.他深深地涉入了反毒品運(yùn)動(dòng)。

They urged us to go at once.他們催促我們馬上去。

Teaching is one of the holiest tasks.教書(shū)是最神圣的工作之一。

The candidate captured 55% of the vote.那位候選人獲得百分之五十五的選票。

The family has settled in Canada.這家人已定居加拿大。

My parents are enthusiastic skiers.我的父母是滑雪迷。

The soldiers marched by the reviewing stand.士兵們從檢閱臺(tái)前齊步走過(guò)。

The professor does not approve the government's foreign policy.那位教授不贊成政府的外交政策。

Do you learn about our country ‘s territorial waters? The city was conquered overnight.那座城市在夜里被攻克。

B He did military service for two years.We settled down in England.Mother urged me to tidy up my room.The wall has been destroyed.The robber robbed the old nanny.I returned home late today.L17 A The end of the war brought the release of the prisoners.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)束使所有戰(zhàn)俘得到釋放。

The patient lost consciousness.病人失去了知覺(jué)。

A young woman kidnapped the baby while the baby’s mother was not looking.The police seized an escaping convict.警察抓住了一個(gè)在逃犯。

He is furious at being kept in the dark(被隱瞞).他因?yàn)楸徊m著而大發(fā)雷霆。

The animal is dangerous when cornered.野獸一旦陷于絕境就會(huì)變得很危險(xiǎn)。

This case is representative of the attitudes of the police.這個(gè)事例典型地反映了警方的態(tài)度。

the capacity to respond swiftly to market changes 對(duì)市場(chǎng)變化能迅速作出反應(yīng)的能力

The old man took a drink from his cup and proceeded with his story.老人拿起杯子喝了一口,繼續(xù)講他的故事。

For years the country was ruled by a tyrant.這個(gè)國(guó)家被一個(gè)暴君統(tǒng)治了好多年。

The Prime Minister's visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries.首相的訪問(wèn)將促進(jìn)兩國(guó)間的合作。

She crept into the room and kissed the sleeping child.她悄悄地走進(jìn)房間,吻了吻睡著的孩子。

How can I sympathize with his foolish opinions? 我怎么能同意他愚蠢的意見(jiàn)呢?

B He wants to be a president when he grows up.The statesman has been assassinated.Let’s go to a play together.Don’t yell at me.She is in a coma.I attended his funeral.L18 A

Some cattle were drinking at the pond.幾頭牛正在池塘邊飲水。

The king retired to his chamber.國(guó)王回到他的房里休息了。

He lives in a grand house.他住在一棟富麗堂皇的房子里。We make bricks from clay.我們用泥土制磚。All the members received duplicated notices of the meeting.所有會(huì)員都接到同樣的會(huì)議通知。

She had access to some very prominent people.她能接近一些名人。

We must take care to preserve our national heritage.我們必須注意保護(hù)自己的民族遺產(chǎn)。We undertook a trip to the west.我們到西部作了一次旅行。

Dig a pit and bury the garbage.挖一個(gè)坑把垃圾埋了。

We admired the grandeur of the mountains.我們贊美這山脈的雄偉壯觀。

We visited a magnificent palace in the city.我們參觀了一座城里的宏偉宮殿。

A true warrior values glory and honor above life.一個(gè)真正的勇士珍視榮譽(yù)勝過(guò)生命。

B Some villagers made a big discovery.The beautiful scenery attracts many people.Who do you report to? Would you prefer sea view or mountain view? What she said represents our opinion.Our nation will become a powerful country.L19 A There were five applicants for the position.有五人申請(qǐng)那個(gè)職務(wù)。

There was a serious slump in the 1930s.二十世紀(jì)三十年代發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。

The Ministry has resigned.內(nèi)閣已辭職。

The medicare cost is estimated to be one billion dollars.老年醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用估計(jì)為十億美元。

White wine should be slightly chilled.白葡萄酒應(yīng)稍微冰一下。

The ratio of 15 to 5 is 3 to 1.十五與五的比率是三比一。

The general manager is trying to meet the payroll.總經(jīng)理在設(shè)法籌措款項(xiàng)支付工資。

She faltered toward the door in the dark.她在黑暗中向門(mén)口搖搖晃晃地走去。

We were asked to pare down our budget.我們被要求削減預(yù)算。

A radio is an accessory to a car.收音機(jī)是汽車(chē)的附件。I happen to have the latest population statistics with me.我手頭正好有最新的人口統(tǒng)計(jì)資料。

There's too great a consumption of alcohol in Britain.在英國(guó)酒的消耗量太大了。

I had a substantial meal.我飽餐了一頓。

B Japan’s unemployment rate rose.It is a kind of household product.Household spending is large.The sales dropped.He mentioned how to save money.The company hired many university graduates.L20 A 1.This enterprise is doing a good business.這家企業(yè)生意興隆。

2.The current trend is towards informal clothing.目前的趨勢(shì)是穿著比較隨便。

3.She has acting potential, but she needs training.她有表演潛力,但需要訓(xùn)練。4.They have bought a house of generous dimensions.他們買(mǎi)了一所寬敞的房屋。

5.The moon emerged from behind a cloud.月亮從云層后面鉆了出來(lái)。

6.Release the dog.He has been chained up for hours.放開(kāi)這條狗。它已被拴了好幾小時(shí)了。

7.Let's get to the core of the matter.讓我們看看事情的核心。

8.The overall situation is worsening.整體形勢(shì)在日益惡化。

9.Dickens portrayed his characters to the life.狄更斯把他筆下的人物描繪得栩栩如生。

10.His reluctance to compromise is an obstacle to his political success.他不肯妥協(xié)是他政治上成功的一個(gè)障礙。11.I'll do nothing without consulting you.我采取行動(dòng)之前一定和你商量。

12.The truck gained momentum as it rolled down the steep road.卡車(chē)沿著陡峭的道路往下開(kāi)時(shí),沖力愈來(lái)愈大。

B There are a lot of markets in the street.Your price is competitive.I like this operating system very much.I want to work in fashion industry.He bought a new computer recently.Your work performance is very good.L21 A I would love to see the aurora borealis in iceland!我很想看到冰島北極光！

Australia has a very low population density.澳大利亞人口密度很低。

No.Jupiter really is flattened.木星真是扁平的。

See was a night that is luminous.夜里看得話(huà)就是個(gè)夜光的。

Match the ovals to the turtle by size.依大小配對(duì)橢圓形與烏龜。

Charged particles 'motion in the electric field.帶電體在電場(chǎng)中的運(yùn)動(dòng)。

She be enthral by the story she hear.她被她聽(tīng)到的故事迷住了。

At what altitude are we flying now? 現(xiàn)在我們?cè)谑裁锤叨蕊w行？

Eyes are composed of two layers of hemisphere.眼睛由兩層半球組成。

This exhibit also features magnetic fluid.也是一件介紹磁性液體的展品。

An atom is the smallest indivisible particle of matter.原子是最小的不可分的物質(zhì)微粒。

Lines of equal latitude are called parallels.相等緯度的連線叫緯圈。

Electron lens is used to focus on electronics.電子透鏡用來(lái)會(huì)聚電子。

In spring and summer, there are small greenish white flowers.在春季和夏季，長(zhǎng)了呈綠色的小白花。

The place continues to fascinate visitors, cloaked in its mystery.這個(gè)地方神秘莫測(cè)，依然強(qiáng)烈吸引著游客。

In the southern hemisphere, it's called aurora australis, or southern lights.在南半球，它被稱(chēng)為南極光，或南極光。

Spectrum imaging is equipped with a range of photocopiers.光譜成像配備了一系列的復(fù)印機(jī)。

Numerous stars were born after the big bang.大爆炸以后產(chǎn)生了眾多的恒星。

B Most of the earth’s surface is water.The aurora is an unusual phenomenon.Grass land surrounds my house.Stretch out your arms and legs.I encountered numerous obstacles.The dog slowly approaches.L22 A Luke sat directly behind the pilot and conversed with him...盧克就坐在飛行員后面，并且和他說(shuō)著話(huà)。

The heart monitor shows low levels of consciousness.心臟監(jiān)測(cè)器顯示患者神志不清。

Easing the joystick back she brought the plane in to land.她慢慢地往后扳動(dòng)駕駛桿，使飛機(jī)下降著陸。The economy is currently in a bust.目前經(jīng)濟(jì)處于崩潰之中。

The plane is carrying emergency supplies for refugees.那架飛機(jī)正在為難民運(yùn)送應(yīng)急物資。

There should be enough space left in your schedule for maneuver.你的計(jì)劃當(dāng)中應(yīng)當(dāng)留有足夠的機(jī)動(dòng)空間。Stroke is the number one cause of death.卒中是首位死亡原因。

Your audio hardware does not support recording.音頻硬件不支持錄音。

Both doctors and nurses have increasingly made a specialty of the care of the aged.越來(lái)越多的醫(yī)生和護(hù)士專(zhuān)門(mén)從事老年人的護(hù)理工作。

You've illegally accessed and misused confidential security files.你已經(jīng)非法訪問(wèn)并盜用了機(jī)密的安全文件。

He claimed to be a virtual prisoner in his own home.他說(shuō)自己在家里簡(jiǎn)直就像是個(gè)囚犯。

The scheme required an initial outlay of 3 000000 pounds.該項(xiàng)計(jì)劃初步需要300萬(wàn)英鎊的經(jīng)費(fèi)。

Farmers will monitor crops remotely and respond quickly to changing weather.農(nóng)民可以監(jiān)控偏遠(yuǎn)的莊稼，對(duì)天氣變化作出快速反應(yīng)。

Some momentous decisions will be taken at the next conference.下次會(huì)議將做出幾項(xiàng)重要的決定。

B The robot is the latest technology.He was discharged from the hospital.The patient has no appetite.Physicians provide medical information.We interact with each other well.Thanks for your assistance.L23 A A Failure to evolve can then lead to extinction.在進(jìn)化中失敗將導(dǎo)致滅絕。

Standardization of order forms reduces delivery time.定單標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化可以縮短交貨時(shí)間。

The local inhabitant do not like noisy tourist in summer.當(dāng)?shù)鼐用癫幌矚g夏季喧鬧的游客。He asked to see the chief of the tribe.他求見(jiàn)這個(gè)部落的酋長(zhǎng)。

Venus lies near the upper right edge of the frame.金星位于影像的右上方邊緣附近。How can I widen my vocabulary? 怎樣擴(kuò)大自己的詞匯量？ He is a native of Beijing.他是土生土長(zhǎng)的北京人

Reading other people's mail is a invasion of privacy.閱讀他人信件是侵犯他人隱私權(quán).The variety of goods in this shop is rich.這家商店貨物品種豐富。

Big players have a dominant presence in the market.大公司在市場(chǎng)占主導(dǎo)地位。

Whole book subject is outstanding, the structure is concise.全書(shū)主題突出，結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)潔.Long& double vowel pronunciation should be plump.長(zhǎng)元音和雙元音飽滿(mǎn)。

National design must derive the essence from national culture.民族的設(shè)計(jì)必須汲取民族文化的精髓。

B The Normans invaded England in 1066.This English word is derived from a French word.Two similar languages evolved into one common language.The kid always makes the spelling mistakes.Wide reading can expand your vocabulary.He enjoys modern art.L24 A Usually flying is a positive symbol in a dream.通常夢(mèng)見(jiàn)飛是積極的象征。

Do you prefer to socialize with friends who gamble? 你是否樂(lè)意和賭博的人交往？

Sometimes the inner beauty is more beautiful.有時(shí)內(nèi)在美更加重要呢。

A few weeks later he said that maybe he viewed all his relationships rather negatively.幾個(gè)星期后，他說(shuō)他也許把自己的各種人際關(guān)系看得太消極了。

You can watch reruns of nearly every old sitcom.幾乎每部舊的情境喜劇你都可以看到節(jié)目回放。Wisdom is more precious than wealth.智慧比財(cái)富更珍貴。

The contractor will define the criteria for the format.承包商將確定該格式的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。How is he doing physically? 在身體上進(jìn)行得怎么樣了？

We do not always know how to speak simply, concretely, in images which are familiar and intelligible to the masses.我們遠(yuǎn)不是隨時(shí)都善于簡(jiǎn)單地、具體地、用群眾所熟悉和懂得的形象來(lái)講話(huà)。God bless you and your grandpa!上帝保佑你還有你大爺！

The carol has a primitive strength and haunting simplicity.這首頌歌有一種原始的力量和令人難忘的純樸。We work hard in pursuit of happy life.我們努力追求幸福的生活。

The village changed its name in compliment to him.這村莊為表示對(duì)他的敬意而改名。

Fellow practitioners with their friends savor traditional vegetarian delicacies.同修們攜友結(jié)伴一起品嘗傳統(tǒng)美食。Do not complicate the argument with new ideas.不要用新的想法使問(wèn)題復(fù)雜化。

Woman is physically but not mentally weaker than man.女子在體力上而不是智力上比男子弱。Have you got credit cards? 你有信用卡嗎？

It is particularly important to reaffirm this point today.今天重申這一點(diǎn)，有特別重要的意義。

It did not take long for the central bank to soothe investors' fears.中央銀行很快便消除了投資者的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。The gloomy weather shows no sigh of improving.陰沉的天氣沒(méi)有絲毫轉(zhuǎn)晴的跡象。

B The pursuit of happiness is the most important goal in life.Do not complicate the situation.Thanks for your compliments.I’d like to travel around the world.She likes creating beautiful things.Seize the moment.L25 A That novel is completely void of merit.那部小說(shuō)毫無(wú)價(jià)值。

Confucianist management ideas pay attention to ethics, focuses on interpersonal relationship, and treats people as vi-tal factor.儒家管理思想重視倫理道德，講究人際關(guān)系，以人為本。Transgenic technology is no exception.轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)也不例外。

Have you had any practice in nursing the sick? 你有護(hù)理病人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)嗎？

Keeping improving can make up the deficiency in capability.精益求精可以彌補(bǔ)能力的不足。

Why should we put so much emphasis on individualism? 為什么我們?nèi)绱藦?qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人主義？

What do you think of the performance of your counterpart? 您認(rèn)為你們的對(duì)手表現(xiàn)如何？

The pattern of the world is changing towards multi-polarity.世界格局向多極化發(fā)展。

President Kaunda fulfilled his promise of announcing a date for the referendum.卡翁達(dá)總統(tǒng)兌現(xiàn)了他的承諾，宣布了全民公決的日期。

Excessive conformity is usually caused by fear of disapproval...過(guò)于墨守成規(guī)通常都是由于擔(dān)心得不到認(rèn)可。

Family structure has major impact on children.家庭結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)子女產(chǎn)生重要影響。The citizen is a political concept.公民是一個(gè)政治概念。

He related to his students his adventures vividly.他向?qū)W生們生動(dòng)地?cái)⑹隽怂钠嬗觥?/p>

He must often memorize large amounts of material.他一定經(jīng)常記住了不少素材。

He is not very conventional in his behavior.他的舉止并不過(guò)分拘泥。

To feminists she is a classic victim of the patriarchal society.在女權(quán)主義者眼中，她是父權(quán)社會(huì)的典型受害者。

B Western culture values art.He used to live in the Asian area.I love my country.We should show respect to our teachers.We had a traditional wedding ceremony.Different laws obtain in different places.L26 A She concerns herself with social welfare.她從事社會(huì)福利工作。

The lease runs out in two years'time.該租約兩年后到期。

Proficiency standards is to achieve answered without thinking.熟練的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是要達(dá)到不假思索地脫口而出。The evaluation industry began late in china.中國(guó)的評(píng)價(jià)業(yè)起步晚。

They had to accustom themselves to the hot weather.他們不得不使自己習(xí)慣于炎熱的天氣。

Market orientation emphasizes the needs of the customer.市場(chǎng)定位強(qiáng)調(diào)顧客的需要。

They reached an accommodation with neighboring countries.他們同鄰國(guó)和解了。

The essay seems to start unexpectedly.文章開(kāi)頭有點(diǎn)禿。

This mixture is then feed into a blast furnace.將此混合料送入高爐。

His explanation will resolve your doubts.他的解釋將解決你的疑問(wèn)。I've got a tutorial this afternoon.今天下午我有導(dǎo)師輔導(dǎo)。

B She is an international student in this school.Thank you for your constant support.I am not familiar with this topic.He is learning creative writing.The day was a mixture of sun, clouds and rain.You can raise your grade through other evaluation.L27 A A group of people got together spontaneously at the scene of the accident.一群人自發(fā)地聚集在事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。

Beggars afterwards just know the bum is the emperor.叫花子事后才知道這個(gè)流浪漢就是當(dāng)今皇上。She oiled her words in order to sound persuasive.她使用花言巧語(yǔ)使話(huà)有說(shuō)服力。Logically this would be impossible.邏輯上講，這是不可能的。

I happened to bump into a dog at lunch yesterday afternoon.昨天中午我碰上道格了。

An analysis of the survey data was performed.調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)過(guò)了分析。

Their respondent comment are very enthusiastically.他們回答的批評(píng)非常熱烈。No blame attaches to you in this affair.這件事不怪你。

Each car should have a spare tyre.每輛車(chē)都應(yīng)有個(gè)備用輪胎。We fib to avoid conflict.我們扯謊是為了避免沖突。

She earns incredible amount of money.她賺錢(qián)多得難以置信的。They are literally syntactically translated into the underlying syntax that we've already seen.它們?cè)谡Z(yǔ)法上，完全轉(zhuǎn)換為我們已經(jīng)看到的基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法。

The talkative woman is always barging in other people's conversation.那個(gè)多嘴的婦人總是愛(ài)插嘴。A piece of glass stuck in my skin.我被玻璃刺到了。

B Do you mind if I smoke? A latest research shows that people often tell fibs.A survey says that most of the children have a sweet tooth.Mary is a very common female name.Car accidents become frequent at this intersection.There are two main characters in the story.L28 A

The author has probe into the tourism consume trend of guangzhou residents by questionnaire.摘要作者通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查來(lái)研究廣州市常住居民的旅游消費(fèi)傾向。

It is only gradually, with the lapse of years, that they come to a clear understanding of their position.隨著歲月的流逝，他們才逐漸清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的地位。During which all the stars would gradually vanish from the sky.而在這個(gè)期間，所有的星辰會(huì)逐漸從夜空中消失。Inadequate recovery will diminish the value of this workout.不充分的恢復(fù)會(huì)削弱鍛煉效果。

To date, approximately 30 million people have obtained professional credentials in china.目前，全國(guó)近3000萬(wàn)人獲得了職業(yè)資格證書(shū)。Do you know anything against insomnia? 你知道有什麼東西可以治療失眠嗎? Private companies usually try to minimize net earnings and thus reduce federal and state income taxes.非上市公司通常將凈收益最小化，這樣可以少交聯(lián)邦和州政府的所得稅。He snore all night, and I can not sleep.他整晚打鼾，我無(wú)法睡覺(jué)。

Untreated chicken has about 45 to 60 mgs of sodium per four-ounce serving.一份四盎司的未經(jīng)處理的雞肉含有大約45至60毫克的鈉。The sugared vinegar is refined from the sugarcane and pine.加糖的醋是從甘蔗和松木中精煉出來(lái)的。What is the term of registration? 注冊(cè)的期限是多長(zhǎng)？ I'm really sorry to interfere in your business.我真的很抱歉妨礙了你們的生意。

B He has a good memory.Sleep is a basic human need.Can you hear your biological clock ticking? We are under a lot of pressure.My mother suffers from insomnia.The doctor told me some tips on how to overcome sleep problems.L29 A The Chancellor could use the Budget to bring in taxation reforms.財(cái)政大臣可以利用政府年度預(yù)算演講的機(jī)會(huì)提出稅收改革事宜。

The software can recognize faces in photos and videos.該軟件可以識(shí)別出照片和視頻中的面孔。This coat's a beautiful fit.這件大衣完全合身。

Mr.Obama is mourning a mentor and a friend.奧巴馬追思肯尼迪是導(dǎo)師、朋友和政治偶像。

Bracelet represents lifetime connection to spouse's hand and heart.手鏈代表著一生一世套住愛(ài)人的手和心。There's no reason to get so upset.完全沒(méi)有理由如此心煩意亂。

Consumption values has positive influence on consumer involvement.消費(fèi)價(jià)值對(duì)消費(fèi)者涉入有正向的影響。

His passionate speech had an effect on our emotions.他的熱情的演講打動(dòng)了我們的感情。

British defence policy had to meet three criteria if it was to succeed.要想奏效，英國(guó)的國(guó)防政策必須具備3個(gè)條件。Educators sure have a different mentality from ordinary people!教育家的心理真與人不同！

Is it possible to combine the two parties? 那兩黨有沒(méi)有合并的可能？

He is a very easy, accessible person, intends to strengthen the virtues of bilateral relations.他是一位很輕松、易接近的人，有意加強(qiáng)美德雙邊關(guān)系。Of wall street career terminative come from 911.華爾街生涯的終結(jié)源自911。

To function optimally, our brains need to maintain this level of fat.為了達(dá)到最佳運(yùn)作效果，我們的大腦需要保持這個(gè)水平的脂肪量。We're talking about discipline and maturity!我們還在說(shuō)紀(jì)律和成熟呢！

Until they do, the chances of synthesising an antidote are slim.而除非他們能辦到,要合成解藥的機(jī)會(huì)相當(dāng)渺茫.It is not just a little trick you can pick up in half an hour.這不是你半個(gè)小時(shí)就能學(xué)會(huì)的小竅門(mén)。

In time you'll appreciate the beauty and subtlety of this language.總有一天你會(huì)體會(huì)到這門(mén)語(yǔ)言的優(yōu)美和微妙之處。The unoccupied house started to decay.無(wú)人住的房子開(kāi)始敗落。B We are glad that you joined us.With passion, you will work efficiently.I have been feeling upset all day long.She has a supportive family.The television doesn’t function well.We need time to implement the plan.L30 A She made it clear that under no circumstances would she cancel the trip.她明確表示，無(wú)論如何她都不會(huì)取消旅行。

Similarly, trees need time to be able to neutralize the toxins in the air and produce the balance that we need to survive.同樣的道理，樹(shù)木需要時(shí)間去成長(zhǎng)，才能中和空氣中的毒素，讓生態(tài)平衡，適合我們生存。This remark lead to further arguments among the guests.這個(gè)評(píng)論在來(lái)賓中導(dǎo)致了更深的爭(zhēng)論。Excessive drinking does harm to the system.過(guò)度飲酒對(duì)身體有害。

While you assess, innocent lives will be lost.在你們?cè)u(píng)估的時(shí)候，無(wú)辜的生命正在消失。The final revelation is at hand!最終的啟示即將到來(lái)了！

How can he manage to live on that pension? 他靠那點(diǎn)養(yǎng)老金怎能生活？ This case presents a distorted loyalty.這個(gè)案例反映了一種扭曲的忠誠(chéng)。Terrorism is an obvious danger.恐怖主義的危險(xiǎn)性顯而易見(jiàn)。

We are going to conduct a public opinion poll.我們將進(jìn)行民意測(cè)驗(yàn)。

With an abundance of caution, a wise executive would take the steps he is taking.為了慎重起見(jiàn)，一個(gè)聰明的行政官正在采取他所采取的步驟。Even a casual observer would notice that America is a consumer society.即使是一個(gè)非專(zhuān)業(yè)的觀察家，也會(huì)留意到美國(guó)是個(gè)消費(fèi)者社會(huì)。He refused to commit himself on the controversial subject.他不愿就這一有爭(zhēng)論的問(wèn)題表態(tài)。

He said that when he went away to school for the first time, the hardest thingto cope with was the severance from his family.他說(shuō)當(dāng)他第一次離家上學(xué)時(shí)，最難應(yīng)付的事情就是和家庭分離。We must diminish the loss to the minimum.我們必須盡力把損失減小到最低限度。He is a major stockholder in an oil company.他是一家石油公司的大股東。

There will be compensation for delayed delivery.延期交貨將需支付賠償金。Government efforts to control inflation.政府控制通貨膨脹的努力。

Most lawyers felt such an outcome was nevertheless inevitable.多數(shù)律師認(rèn)為這是必然的。

When did you become the federal trade commission? 你什么時(shí)候進(jìn)了聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)? We should analyse the causes of our failure.我們應(yīng)該分析失敗的原因。The boss finally increased her salary.老板最終增加了工資。

U.S.state department in this initiative played an important role.美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院在這項(xiàng)倡議中發(fā)揮了重要作用。I work for Chinese petroleum corporation.我在中國(guó)石油公司工作。Would you accuse me of lying as well.你還要告我說(shuō)謊嗎？

The increasing inflation impelled the government to extreme measures.日益嚴(yán)重的通貨膨脹迫使政府采取了一些極端的措施。Gasoline prices skyrocket in some parts of our country.我國(guó)部分地區(qū)汽油價(jià)格暴漲。

Please bring me one portion of toast with fried eggs and a glass of milk.請(qǐng)送一份烤面包、煎蛋以及一杯牛奶。The wind were swooping down to tease the waves.大風(fēng)猛撲到海面上戲弄著浪濤。

One of the perks of being a student is cheap travel.當(dāng)學(xué)生的好處之一是旅行購(gòu)票可以?xún)?yōu)惠。

B He shouted again but there was no replay.The values of yen might fall.We have decided to adopt the rule.It is obvious that he hasn’t come home yet.The stock price of our company is rising.My boss was not happy with my proposal.L31 A He's been trying to interest john in a speculation.他試圖使約翰對(duì)一個(gè)投機(jī)感興趣.This metal is plastic at high temper atures.這種金屬在高溫下具有可塑性。

The catalyst is subjected to a uniform ram pressure.催化劑承受均勻活塞壓力。

All his nerves seemed to have come apart.他的神經(jīng)似乎全部崩潰。

Painful is tentatively or a shadow of the mind!沉痛是姑且的或者是心靈的一種暗影！

The conference is called the new international student orientation.這個(gè)研討會(huì)被稱(chēng)為新國(guó)際學(xué)生介紹會(huì)。

We are the green energy engineering specialist!我們是綠色能源工程專(zhuān)家！You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用鹽保存肉或魚(yú)。

Foreign direct investment increased steadily.外商直接投資穩(wěn)步擴(kuò)大。

He was recovering from a heart transplant operation.他做了心臟移植手術(shù)，正在康復(fù)。

Does China need a second stimulus? 中國(guó)需要二次經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激嗎？

Every name spoke trauma and tragedy.每個(gè)名字都講述著一段創(chuàng)傷和悲劇。

Precipitation plus sunshine equals chromatical optical phenomenon.降水加上陽(yáng)光就產(chǎn)生了彩色的光學(xué)現(xiàn)象。

Unemployment is rising steeply.失業(yè)率正在大幅上升。

B Scientists are doing further research on the environment.He’s badly wounded.He sat on my hat and it was badly deformed.What is the average rainfall in this city.There is plenty of speculation about those two.My teaching method encourages students to think creatively.L32 A The one-on-one is turning out to be so elastic.一對(duì)一談話(huà)證明是非常靈活的。

Lime leaves in the bath are always used to alleviate pain.在洗澡水中放菩提葉經(jīng)常被用來(lái)減輕疼痛。

The rule does not encourage self-sacrifice or financial abstinence.規(guī)則不鼓勵(lì)自我犧牲或金融的節(jié)制.Women in Indonesia have secured modern divorce laws that equalize the rights of husbands and wives.印度尼西亞婦女已經(jīng)獲得了現(xiàn)代離婚法的保護(hù)，享有和丈夫同等的權(quán)利。How long before they restore critical systems? 他們恢復(fù)關(guān)鍵的系統(tǒng)大概需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間? What's your business scope? 你們的經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍是什么？ How else could she show her immeasurable gratitude? 她怎能用別的辦法向他表達(dá)無(wú)限的感激？

Lights clipped onto life jackets improve the chances of rescue.別在救生衣上的燈提高了獲救可能性。

The peasant household has become prosperous through working hard.這戶(hù)農(nóng)家已經(jīng)通過(guò)勤勞變得興旺發(fā)達(dá)了。

When teachers assign homework, students usually feel an obligation to do it...老師布置作業(yè)時(shí)，學(xué)生通常認(rèn)為完成作業(yè)是一種義務(wù)。Her requirements in a man were seriousness and stability.她對(duì)男人的要求是嚴(yán)肅和穩(wěn)定。

Britain is intensifying its efforts to secure the release of the hostages.英國(guó)正加緊努力確保人質(zhì)的獲釋。

Banks are beginning to face liquidity and funding challenges.中國(guó)銀行業(yè)開(kāi)始面臨流動(dòng)性和融資困難。

Anyone who witnessed the attack should call the police...目睹這次襲擊的人都應(yīng)向警方報(bào)告。I'll tell you when I regain consciousness.等我恢復(fù)知覺(jué)了我再告訴你.Sometimes the results may be rather startling.有時(shí)結(jié)果可能會(huì)令人吃驚。

Aziz's influence after the 1991 gulf war rose substantially, largely because of the loyalty he had shown.阿齊茲的影響力自1991海灣戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以來(lái)大大地提升。這很大程度上是因?yàn)樗@示出的忠誠(chéng)。During his 29 years in power he has shown a decisiveness and far-sightedness that puts most other politicians, anywhere, to shame.在當(dāng)政的29年中他顯示了自己的果斷和遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)，令其他各地政客有點(diǎn)慚愧。She worked for the well-being of the underprivileged.她為下層貧困民眾的福利而努力。B This has been an unsettling time.The government will do their best to regain stability to the markets.Many companies are unable to pay their daily transactions.This uncertainty has led to anxiety among our people.If I want to rent the house, I need to pay a deposit.We are executing our plan aggressively.L33 A A His task will be to duplicate his success overseas here at home...他在海外取得了成功，現(xiàn)在的任務(wù)就是要在國(guó)內(nèi)再創(chuàng)輝煌。The breakthrough came hours before a UN deadline.在聯(lián)合國(guó)的最后期限到來(lái)前數(shù)小時(shí)取得了重大突破。

The hymn was written by an obscure Greek composer for the 1896 Athens Olympics.這首贊歌是希臘一位名不見(jiàn)經(jīng)傳的作曲家為1896年的雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)創(chuàng)作的。Our goal is to eliminate poverty.我們的目標(biāo)是消除貧困。

The queer behavior of the child was an enigma, even to its parents.那個(gè)孩子古怪的行為，甚至對(duì)其父母親來(lái)說(shuō)都是個(gè)謎。

Most media coverage disapproves of the travelers' lifestyle and values.大多數(shù)媒體報(bào)道都不贊成那些旅行者的生活方式和價(jià)值觀。

The study found that some alcoholics had clear personality traits showing up early in childhood...研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一些酗酒者在童年早期就顯現(xiàn)出鮮明的人格特征。Then they replicate and move to the salivary glands.然后，他們復(fù)制并移動(dòng)到唾液腺。B The children were all fascinated with his story.Lots of the press coverage concentrated on the possibility of cloning humans.I replaced salt with pepper.She made several attempts to run away.These remarks are not appropriate.Every year a lot of people in Africa starved to death.

第二篇：詞匯教案

教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

1.知識(shí)目標(biāo)：掌握Lesson1的單詞和詞組的意思及其用法。

2.能力目標(biāo)：創(chuàng)設(shè)語(yǔ)境，使學(xué)生不僅能了解新單詞的意義，更能再創(chuàng)設(shè)語(yǔ)境中使用并使其在口語(yǔ)表達(dá)和寫(xiě)作能力方面有所提升和拓展。

3.情感目標(biāo)：增強(qiáng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣，并提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的信心。通過(guò)任務(wù)，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作精神。

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：掌握Lesson1的單詞和詞組的意思及其用法，及掌握如何巧計(jì)單詞的方法。教學(xué)難點(diǎn)： benefit;convenient;wherever;fed up;consequence;work out;argue等單詞的用法。

教學(xué)工具：多媒體 教學(xué)過(guò)程： Step1 Lead-in List the new words and phrases.Step2 Presentation Task1 Ss read the words.Task2 Teacher teaches Ss how to pronounce the words and phrases and explain the uses of them.1.Someone who is driving a car.----motorist someone who is walking.-----pedestrian Someone who is riding on a bike.----cyclist 2.-ist 后綴可以表示：...主義者，...家 3.benefit 用法點(diǎn)滴

1>.不及物動(dòng)詞 vi.得益,受惠[(+by/from)] We benefited greatly by this frank talk.這次坦率的談話(huà)使我們獲益匪淺。2>.名詞 n.利益,好處;優(yōu)勢(shì)[U][C] The new hospital will be a great benefit to the town.新建成的醫(yī)院將給全城帶來(lái)莫大好處。

諺語(yǔ)：We should never remember the benefit we have offered nor forget the favour received.施惠莫記，受恩莫忘.4.convenient 用法點(diǎn)滴 合宜的;方便的;便利的

Please come whenever it is convenient to you.方便的時(shí)候,請(qǐng)隨時(shí)來(lái)。

be convenient for/to sb to do sth 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事會(huì)方便 5.convenient—convenience 1>.方便;合宜[U] The hotel has a restaurant for the guests’ convenience.這家旅館為方便旅客設(shè)有餐廳。2>.便利設(shè)施;方便的用具[C] The kitchen has all the modern conveniences.這間廚房擁有一切現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備。

形容詞以t結(jié)尾轉(zhuǎn)變成名詞為以ce結(jié)尾的詞有哪些？ 6.－ful 1.有...性質(zhì)的 hopeful 用法點(diǎn)滴：（人）抱有希望的;充滿(mǎn)希望的[(+of)][+that] He was hopeful that he would win.他抱有勝利的希望。7.－h(huán)ood 性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)(n)8.wherever 用法點(diǎn)滴.Wherever you go, whatever you do, 無(wú)論你身在何方，無(wú)論你在做什么。I will be right here waiting for you;我就在這里等候著你。Wherever 和where ever用法上有什么區(qū)別？ 9.巧記 indeed A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見(jiàn)真情 10.fed up 用法點(diǎn)滴 感到厭煩的;忍無(wú)可忍

She was fed up with her do-nothing sons.對(duì)她那些游手好閑的兒子,她已經(jīng)是忍無(wú)可忍了。I was fed up with my boss' constant complaints.我對(duì)于老板不停的抱怨,我已經(jīng)聽(tīng)得煩不勝煩。be fed up with 對(duì)….感到厭煩 11.consequence 用法點(diǎn)滴 n.結(jié)果,后果[C][(+of)] I’m quite willing to accept the consequences.我完全愿意承擔(dān)后果。12.work out 用法點(diǎn)滴

1>.想出;制訂出;產(chǎn)生出 work out a program 制訂計(jì)劃

2>.解決;確定

Can you work out on the map where we are now? 你能在地圖上找到我們現(xiàn)在所在的位置嗎? 3>.做運(yùn)動(dòng)；鍛煉

The old man is working out in the park.13.argue 用法點(diǎn)滴：

1>.爭(zhēng)論,辯論;爭(zhēng)吵[(+with/over/about)] I'm not going to argue with you tonight.我今晚不想與你爭(zhēng)辯。

2>.提出理由[(+for/against)] He argued against the plan.他據(jù)理反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。Step3 Pratice Task43 T asks the students to read them out.Step4 Summary T teaches Ss how to recite the words and phrases efficially by heart.Step5 Consolidation Task4 Do the following exercises.單詞拼寫(xiě)練習(xí)。（請(qǐng)根據(jù)首字母提示和語(yǔ)境，填寫(xiě)所缺單詞）1.This book is of great b_______ to all of us.2.It’s c________ for us to travel around China.3.We should think about the c__________ if we do it.4.He a_______ with his father last night.5.Hearing the news, I felt a bit of f_____ up.6.I work o____ twice a week.7.The police a______ the young man for his drinking and driving.(Answers:1.benefit;2.convenient;3.consequences;4.argued;5.fed;6.out;7.arrested)Step5 Homework 1.請(qǐng)用以下單詞或詞組造句。

befenit, convenient,wherever,fed up,consequence,work out,argue.2.Rember the words.

第三篇：現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞匯教案

第三節(jié)現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞匯

詞匯是一切語(yǔ)言文字學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)，我們看到中外語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)都是從詞匯開(kāi)始的，比如說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)在最初的學(xué)習(xí)階段是要求組詞，英語(yǔ)是要求去默寫(xiě)它的單詞。實(shí)際是看到了詞匯學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，只有夯實(shí)了基礎(chǔ)，才能真正掌握一門(mén)語(yǔ)言。

一、詞的意義

從詞的意義的多少來(lái)劃分：詞分為———單義詞和多義詞。1.單義詞：

顧名思義，是指只有一項(xiàng)詞義的詞。

再根據(jù)詞的指向范圍和對(duì)象來(lái)分，詞可以分為以下幾類(lèi)： 專(zhuān)有名詞：魯迅、北京、中國(guó)等 一般名詞：人、自行車(chē)、椅子等 人稱(chēng)代詞、數(shù)量詞：她、一、二等。

——專(zhuān)有名詞的指示對(duì)象是唯一的，而一般名詞可以指示的對(duì)象范圍很廣，所揭示的也只是這類(lèi)事物的一般特征，這是兩者的區(qū)別。2．多義詞：

（1）多義詞：是指具有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)詞義以上的詞。

一般來(lái)講，一個(gè)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的歷史越悠久，文化積淀越深厚，它所擁有的一些詞的內(nèi)涵，使用范圍也就越廣。因此多義詞是語(yǔ)言發(fā)展變化的必然產(chǎn)物，漢語(yǔ)中的大多數(shù)詞就是多義詞。比如在我們書(shū)上80頁(yè)，說(shuō)到“臉”，剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，只是指人的頭的前部，從前額到下巴這一塊。后來(lái)隨著語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展，就慢慢發(fā)展了“情面、面子”這樣一些意義出來(lái)了。（關(guān)于“打”，打仗、打架、打氣、打水、打醬油、打官司）

要識(shí)別這些多義詞的具體含義，需要放在具體的語(yǔ)境中去。（2）多義詞各義項(xiàng)的聯(lián)系

按照一般的規(guī)律來(lái)講，多義詞的各種義項(xiàng)的產(chǎn)生，都是圍繞著一個(gè)最基本、最主要的意義為核心來(lái)進(jìn)行的。大體來(lái)講是首先有基本意義，然后才產(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)義。①本義：

a.多義詞的基本意義是指：一個(gè)詞最主要、最常見(jiàn)的意義?！覀円话銓W(xué)習(xí)某一種語(yǔ)言最容易掌握的，也是一個(gè)詞的最基本意義，而且這個(gè)基本意義是不要特別的語(yǔ)境提示，也能清晰地辨別出來(lái)的。例如，以書(shū)上80頁(yè)，“火候”為例，它最基本的詞義是： “火力的大小和時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短”，發(fā)展到最后才是用來(lái)比喻“人的修養(yǎng)程度的深淺”，或者是用來(lái)比喻“一個(gè)最關(guān)鍵的時(shí)刻”。b.本義與原義的辨析： “原義”：是指原初本義。

——大多數(shù)的情況下，一個(gè)多義詞的最本的意義，往往是它的原初意義；但是，隨著語(yǔ)言的發(fā)展，一個(gè)詞的基本意義可能會(huì)偏離它最初的原初意義。以“兵”為例：

原義：兵器、武器?！ㄋ讈?lái)講就是古代的長(zhǎng)矛、大刀?；玖x：士兵

②轉(zhuǎn)義：是指從本義發(fā)展而來(lái)的意義。

它們的形成方式有兩種：通過(guò)本義的引申，以本義做比喻的方式形成。a．引申義： 由詞的本義推廣、擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)生的詞義。比如：“冷場(chǎng)”

本義指：戲曲演出時(shí)，因演員空缺，或者忘記臺(tái)詞造成的一種沒(méi)有話(huà)說(shuō)的尷尬局面。

到了現(xiàn)代以后，表演戲曲的場(chǎng)合少了，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)開(kāi)會(huì)的場(chǎng)合增加了。因此“這種沒(méi)話(huà)說(shuō)的的尷尬局面”就引申為一種“開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)沒(méi)人發(fā)言的沉默場(chǎng)面”。b.比喻義：

通過(guò)使用本義的某些形象特征來(lái)打比方而形成的意義。——一個(gè)詞的本義本身往往指一些確切的、實(shí)實(shí)在在存在的事物，這些事物也往往有它們自己的某些方面的特征和特點(diǎn)，因此，比喻義就是用本義的某些方面的特征和特點(diǎn)，去形象的描述另外的一些事物，在使自身形象生動(dòng)的同時(shí)，也使另外這些事物也具有了形象生動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)。

比如“包袱”：

本義指：用布包裹一團(tuán)東西，壓在自己背上。

——有些時(shí)候東西很重，是一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)，壓在身上很不舒服，妨礙人走路，這就是包裹的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)和特征。這一點(diǎn)與阻礙人向前發(fā)展的一些因素很有相似性。所以發(fā)展到后來(lái)就用來(lái)形容人的一些“思想和行動(dòng)方面的負(fù)擔(dān)”。（3）多義詞與同音詞

同音詞：指語(yǔ)音相同而意義不同的詞?！獜淖值男误w構(gòu)成來(lái)看，可分為兩類(lèi)： a.書(shū)寫(xiě)形式相同的，叫同形同音詞。

如：制服（名詞：穿在身上的職業(yè)服裝）——制服（動(dòng)詞：制服敵人）b.書(shū)寫(xiě)形式不同或部分不同的，叫異形同音詞。

如：寓言（指某個(gè)故事所揭示出來(lái)的意義）——預(yù)言（指對(duì)未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的預(yù)測(cè)性言語(yǔ)）——同音詞與多義詞的區(qū)別在于：多義詞雖然有很多種意義，但是各個(gè)意義之間大致還是有一點(diǎn)相同或者類(lèi)似的地方；但同音詞，根據(jù)它的定義就知道，它們相互之間是很少有聯(lián)系的。

（二）同義詞與反義詞 1.同義詞：

（1）同義詞：是意義相同或者基本相同的一組詞。比如“可惜”與“惋惜”，都表示同情、遺憾的感情，基本意義相同，所以是同義詞?！x詞，雖然表面看來(lái)，它們的意義大體是一致的，但是它們還是有各自不同的側(cè)重點(diǎn)，和使用的環(huán)境，所以具體使用的時(shí)候，要根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的上下文的語(yǔ)境來(lái)。而且對(duì)同義詞的考察也大多是要你辨析它們之間的細(xì)小的差別。（2）同義詞的類(lèi)型

從構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)素（構(gòu)成詞的最小的單位）來(lái)看，同義詞可分為以下三類(lèi)： ①語(yǔ)素相同，順序不同：

如：士兵（側(cè)重于表示一群人）——兵士（多指單個(gè)的個(gè)體）②語(yǔ)素部分相同：

如：守衛(wèi)（側(cè)重于保衛(wèi)）——守護(hù)（側(cè)重于關(guān)心、照顧）③語(yǔ)素完全不同：

如：錯(cuò)誤（使用范圍廣）——缺點(diǎn)（落實(shí)到具體的個(gè)體，多指人）（3）同義詞的作用

①準(zhǔn)確細(xì)膩地傳情達(dá)意。②豐富構(gòu)詞手段 2.反義詞（1）反義詞：是指意思相對(duì)或者相反的詞。

——要注意的是：在漢語(yǔ)中，雖然反義詞的意義相反，但是詞性是相同的，形容詞一定要與形容詞相對(duì)，動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞相對(duì)，名詞與名詞相對(duì)。第二個(gè)，并不是每一個(gè)詞都有反義詞。（2）反義詞類(lèi)型

根據(jù)意義的對(duì)照，反義詞可分為：絕對(duì)反義詞、和相對(duì)反義詞 ①絕對(duì)反義詞：在性質(zhì)上完全相互排斥，沒(méi)有中間的狀態(tài)。否定了一方，必然肯定了另一方。比如：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)——和平；男——女。（有個(gè)腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎的題目：世界上有多少間廁所）②相對(duì)反義詞：有中間狀態(tài)，否定一方，并不一定否定另一方。

如：先進(jìn)——落后。在這中間有一種，既不先進(jìn)也不落后的中間狀態(tài)存在。（3）多義詞的反義關(guān)系

多義詞的各個(gè)義項(xiàng)由于意義的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同，往往有不同的反義詞。如：86頁(yè)的“淡”。①菜淡（說(shuō)明鹽不夠）——咸

②味淡（說(shuō)明味道比較清淡）——濃 ③顏色淡（說(shuō)明顏色比較淺）——深

④淡季（說(shuō)明商店里的買(mǎi)東西的人不夠多，人氣不夠旺盛）——旺季（4）反義詞作用

①有助于揭示事物的矛盾，深入展現(xiàn)事物特點(diǎn)。87頁(yè) ②構(gòu)成概括性、鮮明生動(dòng)的詞、成語(yǔ)。

如：進(jìn)退兩難——進(jìn)退，兩字反映了人所處于的一種困難、尷尬、沒(méi)有出路，沒(méi)有解決方法的狀態(tài)。

不相上下——反應(yīng)了兩人之間的差距不同。

二、熟語(yǔ)

熟語(yǔ)：指那些人們經(jīng)常使用的、有固定搭配的詞組。包括成語(yǔ)、諺語(yǔ)、慣用語(yǔ)、歇后語(yǔ)。

（一）成語(yǔ)

1．成語(yǔ)：是指人們長(zhǎng)期沿用、具有書(shū)面色彩、多為四字格式的一種固定詞組。2.特點(diǎn)

（1）結(jié)構(gòu)上的定型性

成語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)上的定型性：是指——一，四個(gè)字的構(gòu)成形式，順序不能改變；二，其中的字不能用其他字代替。

成語(yǔ)的四個(gè)字的結(jié)構(gòu)一般可分為二二兩端，就是這個(gè)成語(yǔ)可以從中間分作兩半?；镜慕Y(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系有以下幾種——89頁(yè) ①聯(lián)合式

如：眾叛親離——眾叛和親離都是講一件事，就是這些親友都離開(kāi)了某個(gè)人。②偏正式

如：世外桃源——主要講的重點(diǎn)還是桃花源這個(gè)地方。③支配式： ④陳述式：

如：葉公好龍——只是講述了葉公好龍，然后被真的龍嚇到了這個(gè)故事。⑤補(bǔ)充式

如：退避三舍——古代“一舍”是三十里，把軍隊(duì)往后撤退多元呢，后面就是補(bǔ)充具體的里程，九十里。⑥連動(dòng)式 如：打草驚蛇——首先有打草這個(gè)動(dòng)作，然后蛇才會(huì)被驚嚇到。后一個(gè)動(dòng)作和前一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí)相關(guān)聯(lián)的。⑦兼語(yǔ)式

（2）表意上的整體性

a.是指大部分成語(yǔ)的意義不是字面意義的簡(jiǎn)單組合，而是統(tǒng)一地整體表達(dá)。如：“鳳毛麟角”，從字面義來(lái)解釋是“鳳凰的毛，麒麟的角”，就是兩個(gè)動(dòng)物的身上的某個(gè)物件，而且相互間沒(méi)有任何聯(lián)系。

——但是，我們只有從整體來(lái)理解，鳳凰的羽毛、麒麟的角是很稀少，可遇而不可強(qiáng)求，古人把這兩個(gè)東西放到一塊，其實(shí)是想說(shuō)明這兩個(gè)東西的珍貴。因此這個(gè)時(shí)候才能得到“鳳毛麟角”的實(shí)際含義，是用來(lái)比喻“稀少而可貴的人才和食物”。b.表意的幾種類(lèi)型：90頁(yè)

①形容義：以描寫(xiě)事物的情狀來(lái)表情達(dá)意。②引申義：在原義的基礎(chǔ)上推廣、擴(kuò)大而來(lái)。③比喻義：以打比方的方式表達(dá)意義。④直言義：成語(yǔ)意義與字面意義一致。

——前面三種意義與字面意義都有一定的區(qū)別。3.成語(yǔ)的掌握

（1）利用文化背景知識(shí)

通俗來(lái)講，漢語(yǔ)中的成語(yǔ)，大部分源于古代的寓言故事，然后從這個(gè)故事中提煉出這個(gè)故事的寓意。比如說(shuō)一些熟悉的寓言故事：守株待兔、刻舟求劍、愚公移山。看完這個(gè)故事后，故事里面大致的含義，也就可以基本把握住。（2）利用成語(yǔ)間的同義、反義、近義的關(guān)系。比如意義相同、相近的成語(yǔ)：

外強(qiáng)中干/色厲內(nèi)荏——說(shuō)的都是，外表看起來(lái)很強(qiáng)大，實(shí)際很虛弱。阮囊羞澀/一貧如洗——說(shuō)的都是非常窮困，窮得叮叮響。（3）借助固定格式

有些成語(yǔ)有固定的框架、格式，如：91頁(yè)

天羅地網(wǎng)、天南地北、天經(jīng)地義、天昏地暗——天X地X 4．正確使用成語(yǔ)

對(duì)于一個(gè)詞匯的掌握，包括詞義、字形、語(yǔ)音三方面，對(duì)成語(yǔ)的正確掌握也包括這方面。（1）詞義方面——不望文生義

要正確的理解成語(yǔ)的實(shí)際意義，如：

把“不刊之論”理解為貶義的“不能刊登的文章”——實(shí)際含義是“一個(gè)字也不能懂的無(wú)懈可擊的言論，是一個(gè)褒義詞。（2）字形方面——不寫(xiě)錯(cuò)成語(yǔ)

這其實(shí)是關(guān)于一個(gè)錯(cuò)別字的問(wèn)題，在實(shí)際的寫(xiě)的過(guò)程中多注意就行了。（3）語(yǔ)音方面——不讀錯(cuò)成語(yǔ) 如：

深?lèi)和唇^——“惡”應(yīng)讀“wù”而不是“è” 乳臭未干——“臭”應(yīng)讀“xiù”而不是“chòu”

（二）諺語(yǔ)

1.諺語(yǔ)：是人們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期的生產(chǎn)、生活實(shí)踐過(guò)程中，對(duì)自然、社會(huì)規(guī)律，生產(chǎn)、生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的總結(jié)，從而形成的一種固定語(yǔ)句。

——諺語(yǔ)與成語(yǔ)都有深刻的寓意，但諺語(yǔ)更適合口頭表達(dá)，成語(yǔ)則是書(shū)面語(yǔ)；諺語(yǔ)的的字?jǐn)?shù)沒(méi)有固定的限制，而成語(yǔ)基本是四個(gè)字的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。2.諺語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)。

（1）鮮明的經(jīng)驗(yàn)性

由定義，我們知道：諺語(yǔ)往往是人們生產(chǎn)、生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的概括和總結(jié)。因此，諺語(yǔ)中必然要反映出人們的生活方式、自然地理環(huán)境、風(fēng)土人情，還有文化心理等。

所以，諺語(yǔ)往往反映出一個(gè)特定地域里面，居民的各種相關(guān)的情況。通過(guò)諺語(yǔ)，我們可以了解到一些歷史故事或事件，比如：“只許州官放火，不許百姓點(diǎn)燈”。還有生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)：“谷雨前后，點(diǎn)瓜種豆”。等等。（2）特定的思想性

很多諺語(yǔ)往往是前人智慧的結(jié)晶，具有發(fā)人深思的哲理性。

比如長(zhǎng)輩一說(shuō)到要你珍惜時(shí)光，好好念書(shū)的時(shí)候，就會(huì)說(shuō)到：一寸光陰一寸金、寸金難買(mǎi)寸光陰。

這是我們最熟悉的一句。

——但是，由于諺語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生于特定的時(shí)代、特定的地域、特定的文化背景，所以諺語(yǔ)本身也免不了有它的局限和糟粕。比如說(shuō)：“生死有命，富貴在天”，這一句就完全否定了人本身的努力和奮斗，使人安于現(xiàn)狀，其實(shí)是一種不好的傾向。這一點(diǎn)，是我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)和接受諺語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，要格外注意的。所以說(shuō)古人留下的東西，也不可以不加思考的全盤(pán)相信。時(shí)代在發(fā)展、社會(huì)在進(jìn)步，我們要以科學(xué)發(fā)展的眼光辯證的來(lái)看待。（3）通俗生動(dòng)的藝術(shù)審美性

諺語(yǔ)是一種口頭表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言，口頭表達(dá)具有靈活、生動(dòng)、自然、表現(xiàn)力的特征。所以，諺語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言也非常的形象生動(dòng)，比如：“窮在鬧市無(wú)人問(wèn)，富在深山有遠(yuǎn)親”。還有一些，比較幽默風(fēng)趣，比如：“不管白貓黑貓，抓到耗子的就是好貓”（——這就是著名的“貓論”，鄧小平曾在深圳說(shuō)過(guò)。）

（三）慣用語(yǔ)

1.慣用語(yǔ)：是指在表意上具有整體性、結(jié)構(gòu)上具有定型性的習(xí)用詞組。在形式上大多呈三音節(jié)，比如：96頁(yè) 吃小灶——表示額外的照顧

背黑鍋——?jiǎng)e人干的壞事，最后追究到自己頭上。2.慣用語(yǔ)特點(diǎn)

（1）其意義是大多是通過(guò)引申、比喻產(chǎn)生的，而不是詞的意義的簡(jiǎn)單相加。96頁(yè) 比如：他學(xué)習(xí)得正起勁，不要給他潑冷水——實(shí)際的意義是說(shuō)“不要打擊他的學(xué)習(xí)的積極性”。（2）形式相對(duì)固定，但又較靈活多變。

可以根據(jù)具體的使用環(huán)境，適當(dāng)?shù)母淖兯淖謹(jǐn)?shù)。比如說(shuō)：“敲竹杠——敲他的竹杠”。加進(jìn)去“他的”，更有針對(duì)性，這樣直接可以來(lái)到具體的場(chǎng)合來(lái)使用。（3）多帶有貶義的情感色彩 比如上面講的“敲竹杠”，以不合法的手段和方式去奪取別人的勞動(dòng)成果，這就帶有貶義的色彩。

（4）語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)形象，通俗易懂。

這一點(diǎn)的話(huà)是口頭語(yǔ)言的共性，不深入講解了。

（四）歇后語(yǔ)

1.歇后語(yǔ)：由“具體事物——說(shuō)話(huà)解釋語(yǔ)”前后兩部分組成的俏皮話(huà)。這一點(diǎn)，才它的結(jié)構(gòu)上很容易看出來(lái)。2.歇后語(yǔ)的類(lèi)型：

（1）喻意型：前一部分用一個(gè)具體事物打比方，后一部分從字面或者字外對(duì)前一部分進(jìn)行解釋、說(shuō)明。98頁(yè)

比如：大水沖了龍王廟——一家人不認(rèn)一家人

（2）諧音雙關(guān)型：后一部分利用同音、近音的條件，構(gòu)成表面和字外兩層意思，并以字外的意思為主。

——這一點(diǎn)是充分利用了漢語(yǔ)的同音異義字，從而獲得了兩種意思。比如：外甥打燈籠——照舅（舊）。一方面這個(gè)歇后語(yǔ)本來(lái)是用來(lái)嘲諷當(dāng)舅舅的把一些不好的習(xí)慣和方式都教給了外甥，所以它看似是在說(shuō)做外甥的品行不好、行為不端正，其實(shí)是這個(gè)人的舅舅也好不到哪去，實(shí)際上指責(zé)的是當(dāng)舅舅的這個(gè)人——它一般用于這樣一種情況，就是舅舅這個(gè)不干好事，外甥也不干好事； 用了“舊”之后，說(shuō)明，以前這個(gè)事兒是怎干的，現(xiàn)在繼續(xù)這么干，沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)改變，很古板，很僵硬。

（3）歇后語(yǔ)的作用

使表達(dá)幽默風(fēng)趣，形象生動(dòng)，更有力的表達(dá)嘲弄譏諷的情感態(tài)度。第四節(jié)詞語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用方法

上一節(jié)，我們講的是一些詞的詞義的問(wèn)題。這一節(jié)，我們要講如何去運(yùn)用這些詞，因?yàn)?，看?duì)一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的掌握的程度如何，是要以實(shí)際的運(yùn)用情況，來(lái)作為最終的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。

一、辨析詞語(yǔ)的意義

前面一章降到同義詞的時(shí)候，說(shuō)過(guò)：雖然同義詞從表面看來(lái)，它們的意義大體是一致的，但是它們還是有各自不同的側(cè)重點(diǎn)，相互之間還是有細(xì)微的差別。

那么這些細(xì)微的差別體現(xiàn)在這幾個(gè)方面：義項(xiàng)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)意的輕重、適用的范圍、特定的對(duì)象等。

（一）義項(xiàng)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同

以珍惜、珍愛(ài)、珍視、珍重為例。99頁(yè)

珍惜：一般是指對(duì)某個(gè)東西特別愛(ài)惜，長(zhǎng)久的保存作為留念。珍惜的對(duì)象可以是友情，也可以是物。

珍愛(ài)：表示特別喜愛(ài)的意思，主要針對(duì)于某個(gè)物品來(lái)說(shuō)。珍視：是指從態(tài)度上對(duì)某段情感、某個(gè)東西非?？粗?。

珍重：主要針對(duì)于某個(gè)人的身體的健康狀況、人生經(jīng)歷而言，有保重的意思。

（二）語(yǔ)意的輕重

同義詞的各個(gè)詞匯，在意義上的表達(dá)上份量有輕重。如：輕視/鄙視 “輕視”：只是表示一般程度的，對(duì)某個(gè)人的言語(yǔ)、行為、身份地位的不以為意。“鄙視”：帶有強(qiáng)烈的看不起，不屑一顧的味道。

（三）適用的范圍

主要指有些詞的詞義的范圍比較廣，而另外一些同義詞的詞義的使用對(duì)象和范圍比較狹窄。比如：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/戰(zhàn)役

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)：持續(xù)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，影響的地域比較大。

戰(zhàn)役：持續(xù)的時(shí)間比較短，一般發(fā)生于比較小的區(qū)域內(nèi)。

——戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)往往包括很多場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役，一般而言，有一次戰(zhàn)役就解決了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)問(wèn)題的情況很少；戰(zhàn)役又可以由很多次、發(fā)生在同一地點(diǎn)，小的戰(zhàn)役組成。因此“第二次世界大戰(zhàn)”的“戰(zhàn)”，指的是“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”；那第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，盟軍的“諾曼底登陸之戰(zhàn)”中的“戰(zhàn)”，指的是一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)役。

（四）特定的對(duì)象 有些同義詞，它的針對(duì)的對(duì)象是特定的，有固定的一種搭配。比如：摧殘/摧毀 “摧殘”：的對(duì)象只要針對(duì)生物體，一般多針對(duì)人的肢體、和心靈——如“摧殘某人的心靈”。“摧毀”：一般多用于非生物體，包括建筑、文化典籍等等——如“導(dǎo)彈精確地摧毀了一座建筑物”。

二、區(qū)分詞語(yǔ)的色彩

（一）情感色彩

同義詞，就情感色彩來(lái)講，可以分為：褒義詞、貶義詞、中性詞三種。如：果斷/武斷 “果斷”：是指在關(guān)鍵的時(shí)刻，正確地作出判斷，從而引導(dǎo)事情往好的方面發(fā)展?！@肯定是一種贊賞，也就是褒義詞。“武斷”：是指對(duì)事情的發(fā)展沒(méi)有大體的掌握，就草率地作出錯(cuò)誤的決定，因此對(duì)事情的發(fā)展起到了不好的作用?！獙?duì)這種判斷方式，我們肯定是執(zhí)批評(píng)的態(tài)度，所以它是一個(gè)貶義詞。

中性詞：是幾乎看不去它的情感色彩。比如：“名譽(yù)”，有好有壞，沒(méi)有具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，看不出它的情感色彩。

比如，有些黑社會(huì)的電影，有些黑幫的老大就說(shuō)“不能壞了道上的名譽(yù)”。其實(shí)對(duì)于整個(gè)社會(huì)來(lái)說(shuō)，他們所謂的“名譽(yù)”對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，就是一種災(zāi)難。

（二）語(yǔ)體色彩 所謂“語(yǔ)體色彩”，主要是講這個(gè)詞，使用的時(shí)候是用于口頭表達(dá)，還是用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，還是口語(yǔ)和書(shū)面語(yǔ)都可以使用。

一般而言，口語(yǔ)比較的通俗易懂，書(shū)面語(yǔ)則顯得比較正規(guī)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。如：溜達(dá)/散步（舉例）

（三）情景色彩 指有些詞，在特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中，會(huì)感染上特定的情感色彩，甚至改變自己原來(lái)的情感色彩?？煞譃槎N情況：

第一種：原本沒(méi)有情感色彩，在特定語(yǔ)境中會(huì)產(chǎn)生情感色彩。其實(shí)是說(shuō)某些中性詞會(huì)變成有積極色彩的褒義詞，或者消極色彩的貶義詞。比如書(shū)上：103頁(yè)——“忽”原本是沒(méi)有情感色彩的，但由于連續(xù)使用，使閃電在那一瞬間，各種變化的情況都生動(dòng)地表達(dá)出來(lái)了，因此，“忽”這個(gè)字，在這一段有積極的表現(xiàn)作用。第二種是原來(lái)情感色彩的改變。

又可分為：褒義詞變貶義詞，貶義詞變褒義詞。103頁(yè)

魯迅說(shuō)，八國(guó)聯(lián)軍的罪行很“偉大”，很“文明”。其實(shí)說(shuō)的是“反語(yǔ)”，表達(dá)了作者的一種嘲諷的態(tài)度。他主要是告訴讀者，八國(guó)聯(lián)軍的燒殺搶掠的行為，很可恥，很卑鄙。

因此“偉大”和“文明”兩個(gè)詞，在這個(gè)語(yǔ)境中就變成了貶義詞了。

——在這種褒義色彩的詞變?yōu)橘H義詞的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些原本有褒義色彩的詞，在使用的時(shí)候會(huì)帶上引號(hào)，因此，我們以后看到這種帶引號(hào)的詞的時(shí)候多注意一下。貶義詞變成褒義詞：

比如說(shuō)，我們身邊的朋友和女朋友，在談戀愛(ài)、約會(huì)回來(lái)以后。我們想和他幽默一下，我們就會(huì)說(shuō)：哎——老大，今天又出去干什么“壞事”了？

這個(gè)“壞事”不是說(shuō)干了真正的壞事。其實(shí)是說(shuō)他談戀愛(ài)的時(shí)候，一般喜歡私底下活動(dòng)，不太想讓其他人看到。因此，朋友之間使用，就含有一種幽默的成份在里面。

三、詞語(yǔ)的音調(diào)

（一）音節(jié)的搭配

任何語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)音都是必不可少，為什么法國(guó)人現(xiàn)在反對(duì)講英語(yǔ)，覺(jué)得他們的法語(yǔ)是最高貴的語(yǔ)言，其中一個(gè)原因，是他們覺(jué)得自己的母語(yǔ)，音韻和諧優(yōu)美。——因此音節(jié)的搭配主要是講，怎樣使詞語(yǔ)聽(tīng)起來(lái)和諧優(yōu)美。（1）音節(jié)勻稱(chēng)。

這里講的是一個(gè)音節(jié)對(duì)稱(chēng)的問(wèn)題。具體而言，是說(shuō)在詞語(yǔ)的搭配上，單音節(jié)詞與單音節(jié)詞、雙音節(jié)詞與雙音節(jié)詞、多音節(jié)詞與多音節(jié)詞互相搭配使用。比如：形容天空——“蔚藍(lán)的天空”。

蔚藍(lán)，是雙音節(jié)詞，天空也是雙音節(jié)詞，相互對(duì)稱(chēng)。但是“蔚藍(lán)的天”或者“藍(lán)的天空”，前后的詞語(yǔ)沒(méi)有對(duì)稱(chēng)，念起來(lái)就會(huì)感覺(jué)語(yǔ)音失衡，不對(duì)稱(chēng)了。

（2）多使用雙音節(jié)和四音節(jié)的詞語(yǔ)

漢語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)的發(fā)展，大體來(lái)講是有單音節(jié)詞，慢慢趨向雙音節(jié)詞，和四音節(jié)詞。a.雙音節(jié)詞，是現(xiàn)在最常見(jiàn)的。比如“我們”，“大家”，“新疆”等等。

而且有些原來(lái)是三音節(jié)的詞，也慢慢變?yōu)榱穗p音節(jié)詞，比如：外國(guó)語(yǔ)——外語(yǔ)，龍井茶——龍井。而且約定俗成之后，大家都懂這些意義。b.四音節(jié)詞。

最點(diǎn)典型的就是，漢語(yǔ)中大量成語(yǔ)的出現(xiàn)。比如：仁者見(jiàn)仁，智者見(jiàn)智——見(jiàn)仁見(jiàn)智。

（二）平仄相諧

這主要是講一個(gè)音調(diào)的問(wèn)題。

（三）押韻

押韻：在每句或者隔句的句末的音節(jié)上，使用韻母相同或相近的字，是整短話(huà)朗朗上口。一般來(lái)講，押韻使用得最多的是古體詩(shī)，現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌也比較講究。

但現(xiàn)在，押韻使用得最多的就是，現(xiàn)在的流行歌曲的歌詞。比如說(shuō)像方文山，給周杰倫寫(xiě)的歌詞，他就非常講究這個(gè)押韻。所有有人說(shuō)周杰倫的成果有一半要?dú)w功方文山。（可適當(dāng)打開(kāi)酷狗音樂(lè)感受）龍拳

以敦煌為圓心的東北東 這民族的海岸線像一支弓 那長(zhǎng)城像五千年來(lái)待射的夢(mèng) 我用手臂拉開(kāi)這整個(gè)土地的重

蒙古高原南下的風(fēng)寫(xiě)些什么內(nèi)容 漢字到底懂不懂一樣膚色和面孔 跨越黃河?xùn)|登上泰山頂峰 我向西引北風(fēng)曬成一身古銅 渴望著血脈相通無(wú)限個(gè)千萬(wàn)弟兄 我把天地拆封將長(zhǎng)江水掏空 人在古老河床蛻變中

四、詞語(yǔ)的規(guī)范

對(duì)漢語(yǔ)詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行規(guī)范，便于我們?cè)诮y(tǒng)一的一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下，自由地進(jìn)行交流。

（一）古語(yǔ)詞的規(guī)范

古語(yǔ)詞的規(guī)范要注意一下兩種情況：

（1）與現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)相對(duì)應(yīng)的古語(yǔ)詞的使用。

根據(jù)表達(dá)的需要，從整體上把握意義，然后對(duì)譯。比如：誕辰——生日； 盤(pán)桓——逗留、停留

——有個(gè)值得注意的地方，古語(yǔ)的使用，尤其是用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，顯得比較莊重，典雅。在一些具有重大意義的正式場(chǎng)合也會(huì)使用。比如說(shuō)：毛澤東誕辰一百周年。

用“誕辰”表示對(duì)偉人的敬仰。就不能說(shuō)“毛澤東生日一百周年”。一說(shuō)出來(lái)，人家就會(huì)覺(jué)得還是小學(xué)生的水平。

在韓國(guó)，有些有教養(yǎng)的人家，在正式的場(chǎng)合也會(huì)使用一些，漢語(yǔ)的古文辭，表示自己的文化修養(yǎng)。

（2）與現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)不對(duì)應(yīng)的古語(yǔ)詞的使用。

這一類(lèi)型，在我們充分的了解這些古文辭的情況下，我們可以直接使用。比如：逍遙——表示不受約束，自由自在的狀態(tài)。

那我們碰到這種情況的時(shí)候，也可以直接拿來(lái)使用，別人也會(huì)懂。

（二）方言詞的規(guī)范

現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)普通話(huà)，在發(fā)展的過(guò)程中，它會(huì)適當(dāng)?shù)奈找恍┍憩F(xiàn)力很強(qiáng)的方言詞匯，用來(lái)豐富它的內(nèi)涵，加強(qiáng)表現(xiàn)力。

這些方言詞匯，本身也以口頭語(yǔ)居多，通行的范圍比較小，因此在使用的時(shí)候，我們要慎重的用。盡量的用那些大多數(shù)人都能理解的方言詞。

（三）外來(lái)詞的規(guī)范

外來(lái)詞：也叫借詞，是指在從本民族以外的其他語(yǔ)言中吸收過(guò)來(lái)的詞。（1）兩種引進(jìn)方式：

a.音譯式：直接用漢字中，與這個(gè)外來(lái)詞發(fā)音大致相近的詞去對(duì)譯。比如：沙發(fā)（sofa），撲克（poke）等。

在漢語(yǔ)吸收英語(yǔ)詞匯的早期，因?yàn)橹袊?guó)本身沒(méi)有這些東西，沒(méi)法用原有的詞匯來(lái)對(duì)譯，這種直接音譯的詞比較多

b．半音半譯式：一部分是直接音譯，另一部分是用漢字來(lái)對(duì)譯。

最典型的：摩托車(chē)（motor動(dòng)力）——當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)沒(méi)有引擎這個(gè)詞匯，但是車(chē)子還是有的，所以用后面用一個(gè)“車(chē)”字，那么中國(guó)的老百姓就知道，這個(gè)東西是啥玩意，原來(lái)是個(gè)交通工具。

法蘭絨——雖然老百姓不知道“法蘭”是啥意思，但是看到這個(gè)“絨”，老百姓就知道這個(gè)東西，原來(lái)是種布料。（2）外來(lái)詞的接受

只有符合漢字音、形、義的外來(lái)詞，才能最終成為漢語(yǔ)詞匯的一部分。

歷史上，西域與中原地區(qū)交流頻繁。原本產(chǎn)生于西域的一些詞，比如“葡萄、玻璃、菩薩”等詞，它們傳到中原地區(qū)，直接使用將近二千年了，已經(jīng)被內(nèi)地各個(gè)民族所接受和認(rèn)同。所以，我們說(shuō)它們符合漢語(yǔ)的要求，已經(jīng)成為了漢語(yǔ)詞匯的一部分。

（四）新詞的規(guī)范

隨著社會(huì)發(fā)展，各種新的詞匯大量出現(xiàn)。但是一個(gè)詞能夠被社會(huì)所接受，是需要經(jīng)受時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)的。有些詞現(xiàn)在風(fēng)靡一時(shí)，但是往后過(guò)那么幾年，三年、五年、或者十年，我們還能不能使用，還是問(wèn)題。

比如說(shuō)：超男、超女；快男、快女。

第四篇：詞匯教學(xué)教案

Teaching plan Student: junior school grade 2 Lesson tape: new words Teaching content: stomachache, headache, toothache Teaching procedures: 1.Draw a body picture on the blackboard;ask them where our stomach is? Repeat “stomach” three times.And write down the word “stomach” on the black board and write down “stomachache” at the same time.Tell them “ache” stand for pain when it adds in the word of our organs.Ask them to repeat the word.2.Ask them where our head is? Repeat “head” three times.And write down the word “head” on the black board and write down “headache” at the same time.Ask them to repeat the word.3.Ask them where our teeth are? Repeat “tooth” three times.And write down the word “tooth” on the black board and write down “toothache” at the same time.Ask them to repeat the word.

第五篇：對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)詞匯教案

詞匯微格教學(xué)教案

課程名稱(chēng)：高級(jí)漢語(yǔ)詞匯課

使用教材：《漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)法研修教程》、《漢語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)技巧325例》 教學(xué)對(duì)象：成人高級(jí)班 授課學(xué)時(shí)：15分鐘

一、教學(xué)目的

1、通過(guò)引導(dǎo)、圖示使學(xué)生了解一些關(guān)于“春節(jié)”習(xí)俗的詞語(yǔ)，并學(xué)會(huì)其讀音、寫(xiě)法；

2、通過(guò)講解新詞語(yǔ)的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生正確運(yùn)用詞語(yǔ)，并能在交際中使用；

3、適當(dāng)對(duì)這些關(guān)于“春節(jié)”習(xí)俗的詞語(yǔ)作出解釋?zhuān)瑥亩鴶U(kuò)大詞匯量。

二、教學(xué)要求

1、要求能正確的掌握每個(gè)生詞的讀音；

2、要求能夠正確書(shū)寫(xiě)每個(gè)生詞

3、要求能運(yùn)用本課生詞造日常用的句子，并知道其運(yùn)用的場(chǎng)合。

三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)

（一）生詞(1）基礎(chǔ)生詞

年俗

祭灶

掃塵

拜年

年畫(huà)

春聯(lián)

鞭炮

（2）拓展生詞

送（接）灶

作揖

（二）短語(yǔ)

掛年畫(huà)

貼春聯(lián)

放鞭炮

四、教學(xué)方法

直觀法：多媒體教學(xué)

五、教學(xué)過(guò)程

（一）導(dǎo)入新課：

“同學(xué)們，知道中國(guó)最重要的是哪個(gè)節(jié)日嗎？” “知道。是春節(jié)?！?/p>

“同學(xué)們之前是否接觸過(guò)關(guān)于‘春節(jié)’的事物？對(duì)“春節(jié)”的習(xí)俗有所了解嗎？

??（同學(xué)們七嘴八舌地回答）

“好吧，現(xiàn)在我們一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于“春節(jié)”的一些習(xí)俗的詞匯，以及認(rèn)識(shí)一下中國(guó)春節(jié)文化?！?/p>

（二）講解生詞

1、“年俗”的講解

（1）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀。（兩遍）

（2）教師解釋“年俗”的詞義及其組合關(guān)系；（3）示意部分學(xué)生按座位順序一個(gè)接著一個(gè)讀。（學(xué)生讀錯(cuò)時(shí)，教師先讀一遍做示范，使學(xué)生有針對(duì)性糾正。）

2、“祭灶”的講解

（1）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀。（兩遍）

（2）教師解釋“祭灶”的詞義及其組合關(guān)系，并拓展兩個(gè)新詞“送灶”、“接灶”；（3）兩遍教讀完畢后，示意部分學(xué)生按座位順序一個(gè)接著一個(gè)讀“祭灶”、“送灶”、“接灶”這三個(gè)詞。（學(xué)生讀錯(cuò)時(shí)，教師先讀一遍做示范，使學(xué)生有針對(duì)性糾正）

（4）教師在黑板寫(xiě)“祭灶”，重點(diǎn)突出“祭”字形上半部分的寫(xiě)法，聯(lián)系“灶”的本義，告訴學(xué)生要注意“灶”的偏旁是“火”，并要求學(xué)生在練習(xí)本跟寫(xiě)。

3、“掃塵”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問(wèn)學(xué)生能得出圖片里的人手里拿了些什么，學(xué)生回答；（2）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀。（兩遍)（3）教師解釋“掃塵”的詞義，問(wèn)學(xué)生“掃塵”是什么組合關(guān)系。

4、“掛年畫(huà)”的講解（1）展示“年畫(huà)”，問(wèn)學(xué)生這是什么作品（畫(huà)？刺繡？剪紙？），教師用具體語(yǔ)句描述這幅作品，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說(shuō)出“年畫(huà)”二字；（2）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀（兩遍）；

（3）學(xué)生自由發(fā)揮，在“年畫(huà)”前加動(dòng)詞，使之成為符合邏輯的動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)；（4）講解“掛年畫(huà)”的詞義，解釋完畢師生齊讀該詞。

5、“貼春聯(lián)”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問(wèn)學(xué)生圖片中的事物的名稱(chēng)；

（2）教師在黑板板書(shū)“春聯(lián)”二字請(qǐng)學(xué)生上臺(tái)為其標(biāo)音；（3）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀（兩遍），解釋“春聯(lián)”的詞義；（4）請(qǐng)學(xué)生看著圖片，說(shuō)出圖中人物的動(dòng)作名稱(chēng)；（5）齊讀“貼春聯(lián)”（兩遍）。

6、“放鞭炮”的講解

（1）展示圖片，問(wèn)學(xué)生圖中用圓圈圈著的東西；（2）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀（兩遍）；

（3）解釋“鞭炮”的詞義，請(qǐng)學(xué)生選一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與“鞭炮”搭配成動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)并說(shuō)明選擇的原因；

（4）教師解釋為什么選“放”；

（5）教師造一個(gè)句子，學(xué)生模仿造句；（6）重點(diǎn)板書(shū)“鞭”，學(xué)生在練習(xí)本跟寫(xiě)。

7、“拜年”的講解

（1）教師領(lǐng)讀，學(xué)生跟讀（兩遍）；

（2）教師教學(xué)生們“抱拳”的動(dòng)作，學(xué)生跟著做；（3）告訴學(xué)生這種抱拳的動(dòng)作叫“作揖”（在黑板上寫(xiě)該次并標(biāo)音），拜年就是“對(duì)別人作揖的同時(shí)，嘴里說(shuō)吉祥的話(huà)”；

（4）重點(diǎn)板書(shū)“揖”，解釋為什么用“扌”；（5）教師用拜年造句，請(qǐng)同學(xué)模仿造句；（6）請(qǐng)同學(xué)領(lǐng)讀兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)，其他學(xué)生跟讀

8、加固練習(xí)

（生詞在黑板上已經(jīng)列好）

抽兩位同學(xué)到黑板上給生詞注音，注音完畢后，讓其他的同學(xué)看看是否有錯(cuò)，如有同學(xué)認(rèn)為有錯(cuò)，讓其上來(lái)改，然后教師緊接著做講解，加深大家的記憶。

六、布置作業(yè)。

1．復(fù)習(xí)本課堂學(xué)過(guò)的詞語(yǔ)的發(fā)音、寫(xiě)法并記住這些詞語(yǔ)的組合關(guān)系；

2．向身邊的中國(guó)朋友收集更多關(guān)于“春節(jié)”的詞匯并記錄其讀音及寫(xiě)法，下節(jié)課老師會(huì)請(qǐng)同學(xué)上黑板板書(shū)。