第一篇：2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

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2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

【典例精析】

1.（08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 【解題】A非謂語動詞see構(gòu)成的短語與句子的主語I即其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞。

2.(08全國卷I)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 【解題】B在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時(shí),其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時(shí)間,原因,結(jié)果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選B。此處為特殊情況。

3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed?----Yes.But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.A.to find B.find C.to be finding D.finding 【解題】 A 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據(jù)句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內(nèi)容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進(jìn)行,因此用一般式,選A。

4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing B.reused

C.reuses

D.to be reused 【解析】D 考查動詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在人們有時(shí)把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復(fù)利用。重新再利用是指將來發(fā)生的動作，而且是被動的。故選D。

5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補(bǔ)充完整就不難看出：If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主語they 即these teenager soccer players與give 之間是被

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動的關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。根據(jù)主、從句主語一致可省略從句主語的原則，連詞if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players?? 6.（09江西）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞的用法?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾new laws ,相當(dāng)于which forces ??...7.（09海南）The children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at 【解析】B。句意為：當(dāng)那位著名的女演員走進(jìn)了教室，所有的孩子都轉(zhuǎn)過頭去看她。turn to 表示“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助”的意思。

8.(09海南)Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ? A.taking B.take

C.taken

D.to take 【解析】C?？疾閣ith +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在,我們已經(jīng)討論了問題,是人們最滿意的決定？ take 與the decisions之間存在的關(guān)系是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞表示被動

9.（09山東）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.A.to be held B.held C.being held D.holding 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞的用法，由next month可知時(shí)間是在將來，party是被舉行，故選A。

10（09陜西）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.being taken 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語，而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時(shí)，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的動作已經(jīng)完成，也可用動詞不定式，表示的動作還未發(fā)生，根據(jù)后文的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經(jīng)完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，用v-ing的被動式，選D。

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11.（09福建）not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關(guān)系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選B。

12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked C.having marked D.being marked 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用現(xiàn)在分詞，選A。

13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A.would open B.opened

C.had opened D.was to open

【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：當(dāng)他要打開門的時(shí)候,他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動作。

14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering C.lived;wondered

B.lived;wondering

D.living;wondered 【解析】A 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛(wèi),是一個(gè)工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關(guān)于他的未來?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。

【專題突破】依據(jù)非謂語動詞各個(gè)不同類型的考查方式和特點(diǎn)?？梢圆捎梅侵^語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時(shí)間關(guān)系；5.分析特殊情況。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”：1.認(rèn)識獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，建立獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)概念；2.認(rèn)清獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的來源，理解獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能；3.從邏輯主語的不同認(rèn)識分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別；4.全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能；5.熟悉獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的不同類型，全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上“五步驟” 有時(shí)只需通過一兩個(gè)步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要

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同學(xué)們在訓(xùn)練中嚴(yán)格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。

1.I don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but I’m going to study in the U.S.A.this September.A.to be heard B.to be hearing C.to hear D.to have heard 2._____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.A.Tiring;to admire B.Being tired;admiring C.Tired;to admire D.Tired;admiring 3.Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.A.run B.running C.being run D.to run 4.He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be put C.to put D.putting 5._____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A.Having stolen B.Having been stolen C.Stolen D.Stealing 6.To answer correctly is more important than _____.A.that you finish quickly B.finishing quickly C.to finish quickly D.finish quickly 7.You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.A.to be advertised B.advertised C.advertise D.advertising 8.The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.A.to have discovered B.to have been discovered C.to discover D.having been discovered 9.—— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher? ——Yes.I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.A.to change;to be B.to change;being C.changing;being D.changing;to be 10.Mr.Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.A.to do B.to have done C.to be doing D.to have been doing

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11.Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 12.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

13.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A.permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 14.The speech ______ a lively discussion started.A.being delivered B.was delivered C.be delivered D.having been delivered 15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 16.All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.considered B.be considered C.considering D.having considered 參考答案：

1.【解析】D happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時(shí), 表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成了的動作,強(qiáng)調(diào)對于現(xiàn)在的影響.2.【解析】C tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth.停下來去做另外一件事

3.【解析】B非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),選項(xiàng)A、D表示將來可能發(fā)生的動作;B表示賓語持續(xù)性動作,根據(jù)句意選B,表示水不停地流出。

4.【解析】D catch sb doing sth表示發(fā)覺或當(dāng)場捉住 sb在做一件事情。

5.【解析】A從動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間來看，應(yīng)是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。

6.【解析】C題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個(gè)非謂語動詞短語在形式上應(yīng)保持一致。

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7.【解析】B advertise意為“為??登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product;advertised作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

8.【解析】A用不定式的完成式表示動作發(fā)生在(定語)從句謂語動作之前。

9.【解析】D consider 作“考慮”解時(shí)，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認(rèn)為” 解時(shí)，后常接含有名詞、形容詞或to be的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

10【解析】B由when young可知此處應(yīng)該用不定式的完成式，表示此動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。

11.【解析】C由固定短語be(well)prepared for可知此處應(yīng)用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。

12.【解析】D.with +名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)分詞表示伴隨狀況時(shí)，其主語常常用with來引導(dǎo)。由于本句中名詞“手”與分詞“綁”是被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞，選D.13.【解析】B.本題中沒有連詞，它不是復(fù)合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗號，且we 小寫，可知其不是兩個(gè)簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨(dú)立主格或with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。據(jù)此判斷，本句中使用的是獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞+分詞。由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許'，表主動，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選B。如果不會判斷獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk.然后將if 去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。

14.【解析】D 句意：演講完后，開始了熱烈的討論。把握前后主語不一致，動作發(fā)生在之前，故選答案為D.15.【解析】A 句意：在其它條件相同的情況下，表達(dá)好的人肯定要比語言能力差的人更快地取得成功，前后的主語不一致，故選答案A.16.【解析】A 考慮了方方面面之后，原來計(jì)劃好的旅行不得不取消了,前后主語不一致，故答案為A。

【學(xué)法導(dǎo)航】非謂語動詞內(nèi)容繁多,用法復(fù)雜,是學(xué)生們在英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中的最大難點(diǎn),也是高考中的必考項(xiàng)目。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相對來說考查較少，但經(jīng)常放在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中考查；同學(xué)們要想掌握他們的用法,輕松備戰(zhàn)高考,快速準(zhǔn)確地解題,不妨牢記非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)基本、特殊用法以及解題“五步驟”，具體內(nèi)容如下: 一.非謂語動詞“五步驟”

1.牢記核心意義。不定式表將來或能夠,動詞ing形式表主動或進(jìn)行,過去分詞表被動或完成。2.分析句子成分。非謂語動詞在句中可充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語、表語、補(bǔ)語以及狀語。3.尋找邏輯主語,把握，前后主語一致性和主被動關(guān)系。非謂語動詞雖然在語法上沒有主語,但它仍表示的是動作,因此在意義上會有一個(gè)動作的發(fā)出者,這個(gè)發(fā)出者就是它的邏輯主語。

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作主語補(bǔ)足語,表語和狀語時(shí),邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補(bǔ)足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關(guān)系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進(jìn)行,則用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進(jìn)行式。

4.了解時(shí)間關(guān)系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生,用一般式;如果發(fā)生在之前,則用完成式,如果強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行,則用進(jìn)行時(shí);如果動作在將來發(fā)生,則用不定式。5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習(xí)慣用法,固定搭配等。二．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”

1.認(rèn)識獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，建立獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)概念。

最初的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，它的作用相當(dāng)于狀語。

2.認(rèn)清獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的來源，理解獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能。

我們清楚地看出獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。

3.從邏輯主語的不同認(rèn)識分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別。

分詞作狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。

4.全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能。

要將復(fù)合句或并列句改成簡單句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：要根據(jù)分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時(shí)邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當(dāng)復(fù)合句或并列句的主語一致時(shí)，適合改成分詞作狀語；當(dāng)復(fù)合句或并列句的主語不一致時(shí)，適合改成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。

5.熟悉獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的不同類型，全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

有時(shí)將并列句或復(fù)合句改成簡單句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時(shí)，一律改成 being 形式，being 后面為非名詞時(shí) being 可忽略。

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除了分詞式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時(shí)間狀語。

【專題綜合】1.____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being throwing 2.____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.taoti.tl100.com 你的首選資源互助社區(qū)

A.To walk B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 3.I hear they've promoted Tom, but he didn't mention ____ when we talked on the phone.A.to promote B.having been promoted C.having promoted D.to be promoted 4.The message is very important, so it is supposed ____ as soon as possible.A.to be sent B.to send C.being sent D.sending 5.____ around the Water Cube, we wre then taken to see the Bird's Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.A.Having shown B.To be shown C.Having been shown D.to show 6.We had an anxious couple of weeks ____for the results of the experiment A.wait B.to be waiting C.waited D.waiting 7.____ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A.Fail B.Failed C.To fail D.Having failed 8.It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A.finding B.being found C.to find D.found 9.____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having waited D.To have waited 10.----Can those ____at the back of the classroom hear me?-----No problem.A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat 11.He was busy writing a story, only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped 12.Please remain ______;the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A.seating B.seated C.to seat D.to be seated 13.----they are quiet, aren't they?----yes.They are accustomed ______at meal.A.to talk B.to not talk C.to talking D.to not talking 14.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______as much

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as we can.A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 15.Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.A.working B.work C.to work D.worked 16.The soldier fell asleep ________.A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle 17.________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lights 18.____ the notice, he had an idea.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 參考答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 DDDCC 11-15BBDCA 16-19 ACDA

第二篇：2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

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專題八 非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

【典例精析】

1.（08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 【解題】A非謂語動詞see構(gòu)成的短語與句子的主語I即其邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞。

2.(08全國卷I)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 【解題】B在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時(shí),其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時(shí)間,原因,結(jié)果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選B。此處為特殊情況。

3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed?----Yes.But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.A.to find B.find C.to be finding D.finding 【解題】 A 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據(jù)句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內(nèi)容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進(jìn)行,因此用一般式,選A。

4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing

B.reused

C.reuses

D.to be reused 【解析】D 考查動詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在人們有時(shí)把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復(fù)利用。重新再利用是指將來發(fā)生的動作，而且是被動的。故選D。

5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補(bǔ)充完整就不難看出：If they are given the right 004km.cn 版權(quán)所有@高考資源網(wǎng)

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in a hurry.A.Reminding

B.Reminded

C.To remind D.Having reminded 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關(guān)系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選B。

12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked

C.having marked D.being marked 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，用現(xiàn)在分詞，選A。

13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A.would open

B.opened

C.had opened

D.was to open

【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：當(dāng)他要打開門的時(shí)候,他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動作。

14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering C.lived;wondered

B.lived;wondering D.living;wondered 【解析】A 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛(wèi),是一個(gè)工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關(guān)于他的未來?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。

【專題突破】依據(jù)非謂語動詞各個(gè)不同類型的考查方式和特點(diǎn)。可以采用非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時(shí)間關(guān)系；5.分析特殊情況。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”：1.認(rèn)識獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，建立獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)概念；2.認(rèn)清獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的來源，理解獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能；3.從邏輯主語的不同認(rèn)識分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別；4.全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能；5.熟悉獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的不同類型，全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上“五步驟” 有時(shí)只需通過一兩個(gè)步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要同學(xué)們在訓(xùn)練中嚴(yán)格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。

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satisfaction.A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 12.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

13.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A.permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 14.The speech ______ a lively discussion started.A.being delivered B.was delivered C.be delivered D.having been delivered 15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 16.All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.considered

B.be considered

C.considering

D.having considered 參考答案：

1.【解析】D happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時(shí), 表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成了的動作,強(qiáng)調(diào)對于現(xiàn)在的影響.2.【解析】C tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth.停下來去做另外一件事

3.【解析】B非謂語動詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),選項(xiàng)A、D表示將來可能發(fā)生的動作;B表示賓語持續(xù)性動作,根據(jù)句意選B,表示水不停地流出。

4.【解析】D catch sb doing sth表示發(fā)覺或當(dāng)場捉住 sb在做一件事情。

5.【解析】A從動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間來看，應(yīng)是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。

6.【解析】C題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個(gè)非謂語動詞短語在形式上應(yīng)保持一致。

7.【解析】B advertise意為“為??登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product;advertised作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

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語。作主語補(bǔ)足語,表語和狀語時(shí),邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補(bǔ)足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關(guān)系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進(jìn)行,則用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進(jìn)行式。

4.了解時(shí)間關(guān)系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生,用一般式;如果發(fā)生在之前,則用完成式,如果強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行,則用進(jìn)行時(shí);如果動作在將來發(fā)生,則用不定式。

5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習(xí)慣用法,固定搭配等。二．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的“五步驟”

1.認(rèn)識獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，建立獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)概念。

最初的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，它的作用相當(dāng)于狀語。2.認(rèn)清獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的來源，理解獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能。

我們清楚地看出獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。3.從邏輯主語的不同認(rèn)識分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別。

分詞作狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語的區(qū)別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。4.全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的功能。

要將復(fù)合句或并列句改成簡單句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：要根據(jù)分詞和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時(shí)邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當(dāng)復(fù)合句或并列句的主語一致時(shí)，適合改成分詞作狀語；當(dāng)復(fù)合句或并列句的主語不一致時(shí)，適合改成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。5.熟悉獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的不同類型，全面掌握獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。

有時(shí)將并列句或復(fù)合句改成簡單句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時(shí)，一律改成 being 形式，being 后面為非名詞時(shí) being 可忽略。

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)除了分詞式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時(shí)間狀語。

【專題綜合】1.____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being throwing 2.____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.004km.cn 版權(quán)所有@高考資源網(wǎng)

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much as we can.A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 15.Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.A.working B.work C.to work D.worked 16.The soldier fell asleep ________.A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle 17.________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lights 18.____ the notice, he had an idea.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 參考答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 DDDCC 11-15BBDCA 16-19 ACDA

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第三篇：山東省2013年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題整合突破八 非謂語動詞

2013年高考第二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語山東版

八、非謂語動詞

真題試做

1．(2012山東高考，26)George returned after the war, only ______ that his wife had left him.A．to be told

B．telling C．being told

D．told 2．(2011山東高考，27)Look over there—there's a very long，winding path ______ up to the house.A．leading

B．leads C．led

D．to lead 3．(2010山東高考，23)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.A．completing

B．to complete C．completed

D．being completed 4．(2010山東高考，29)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.A．laid

B．laying C．to lay

D．being laid 考向分析

1．考查對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的識別，要求明確句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法。

2．考查不定式和動名詞作賓語的區(qū)別，要求掌握一些常見動詞后面所接賓語的形式。3．考查非謂語動詞作定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語時(shí)的區(qū)別，尤其是不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞短語、過去分詞短語所表示的不同時(shí)間、邏輯關(guān)系和意義。現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)的區(qū)別應(yīng)引起足夠重視。

4．考查非謂語動詞的否定式、完成式、被動式及復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，要求掌握其構(gòu)成形式、所表示的時(shí)間以及邏輯關(guān)系。

熱點(diǎn)例析

考點(diǎn)一：謂語與非謂語形式的識別

試題以復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)和冗長的句式呈現(xiàn)，考查考生是否能瞻前顧后地分清句子成分、理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)、明白句子意義，正確判斷、識別動詞在句中是否充當(dāng)謂語。

【典例分析】(2012浙江高考，8)I think Tom，as the head of a big department，should either study regularly or ______ his job.A．quits

B．to quit C．quitting

D．quit 答案為D項(xiàng)。該句使用了either...or...并列結(jié)構(gòu)，either后面是動詞原形study，or后面也應(yīng)該是動詞原形quit，故選擇D項(xiàng)構(gòu)成并列謂語。

(2012全國高考Ⅱ，10)Tony lent me the money，______ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping

B．to hope C．hoped

D．having hoped 答案為A項(xiàng)。由于空前沒有連詞，應(yīng)排除謂語形式的C項(xiàng)，如果用hoped則應(yīng)在空前加and；根據(jù)空前的逗號可排除B項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閯釉~不定式作目的狀語時(shí)其前不加逗號；“希望??”并不是發(fā)生在“托尼借給我錢”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony與hope之間存在主動關(guān)系，故選擇現(xiàn)在分詞hoping作狀語。

考點(diǎn)二：非謂語形式作主語

非謂語形式作主語時(shí)，形式主語it常用來代替不定式短語作主語。如：

C．to correct

D．correcting 答案為D項(xiàng)。在介詞by后面，and 前后連接兩個(gè)并列賓語，根據(jù)making可知此處選correcting。句意：一個(gè)人在犯錯和糾錯中學(xué)會一種語言。

考點(diǎn)四：非謂語形式作定語

1．時(shí)間關(guān)系不同：不定式作定語通常表示一個(gè)未發(fā)生的動作；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語通常表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動作、經(jīng)常性的動作或狀態(tài)；過去分詞作定語多表已完成的動作，或沒有一定的時(shí)間性(只表示被動)。如：

I have a lot of work to do.The tall girl standing there is a basketball player.This is a play written by Shakespeare.2．邏輯關(guān)系不同：不定式所修飾的詞可能是它的邏輯主語，也可能是它的邏輯賓語；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，它所修飾的詞一定是它的邏輯主語；過去分詞作定語所修飾的詞一般是它的邏輯賓語。如：

He is the first to get here.He is the man to depend on.He is the very person looking for you.A letter posted today will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.3．不定式為不及物動詞時(shí)，所修飾的名詞如果是地點(diǎn)、工具等，不要遺漏必要的介詞。如：

He found a good house to live in.【典例分析】(2012浙江高考，11)“It's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.A．to be reserved

B．having reserved C．reserving

D．reserved 答案為D項(xiàng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語形式修飾table，“桌子”是“被預(yù)訂或保留”的，所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。

考點(diǎn)五：非謂語形式作狀語 1．不定式作狀語：

(1)表示目的，直接用不定式或so as to/in order to。如： He worked day and night to get the money.(2)表示結(jié)果，更常見于so...as to，such...as to，enough to，too...to結(jié)構(gòu)中，only接不定式也常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。如：

I visited him only to find him out.(3)表示原因，用在作表語的某些表示情感的形容詞或過去分詞后面，說明產(chǎn)生某種情緒的原因或是在哪方面存在謂語所表示的情況等。如：

They were very sad to hear the news.2．現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語：

現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語表示的必須是主語的一個(gè)動作，即分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語?，F(xiàn)在分詞可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、結(jié)果狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。作原因狀語時(shí)，通常放在句首；作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，通常放在句子后面，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。如：

Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.He fired his gun，killing the wolf.All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.3．過去分詞作狀語：

過去分詞的動作與句子的主語是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。

過去分詞可以作時(shí)間狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。如： Seen from the hill，the city looks more beautiful.Given better attention，the cabbages could have grown better.【典例分析】(2012遼寧高考，29)This machine is very easy ______.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A．operating

B．to be operating

A．to follow

B．following C．followed

D．follows 答案為B項(xiàng)。句意：這對老年夫婦經(jīng)常晚飯后去公園散步，后面跟著他們的寵物狗。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，可排除D項(xiàng)；由于賓語dog與follow之間為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，可排除C項(xiàng)；不定式一般表示將來，可排除A項(xiàng)；答案為B項(xiàng)，現(xiàn)在分詞形式作補(bǔ)語。

考點(diǎn)七：非謂語動詞的否定式、進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式 1．非謂語動詞的否定式均是在前面加not。He pretended not to see me.I regret not following his advice.Not having tried his best，he failed in the exam.2．不定式的進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式。

當(dāng)謂語動詞表示的動作(情況)發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式動作正在進(jìn)行，不定式要用進(jìn)行式。The boy pretended to be working hard.當(dāng)不定式的動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式要用完成式。I happened to have seen the film.當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語為不定式動作的承受者時(shí)，不定式要用被動式。The patient asked to be operated on at once.3．動名詞的完成式、被動式、完成被動式和帶有邏輯主語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。We remembered having seen the film.He came to the party without being invited.He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.His not knowing English troubled him a lot.4．現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式和被動式。

當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的動作早于謂語動作之前發(fā)生時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞要用完成式。Having done his homework，he played basketball.當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語為其動作的承受者時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞要用被動式。The problem being discussed is very important.Having been told many times，the naughty boy made the same mistake.【典例分析】(2012湖南高考，21)We've had a good start，but next，more work needs ______ to achieve the final success.A．being done

B．do C．to be done

D．to do 答案為C項(xiàng)。句意：我們已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)很好的開端，但要想獲得最終的成功，接下來更多的工作還需要完成。主語more work與后面的do存在被動關(guān)系，所以needs后面要用動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語。

(2012福建高考，28)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______ in the South China Sea.A．a(chǎn)ttacking

B．having attacked C．being attacked

D．having been attacked 答案為C項(xiàng)。由于Chinese fishing boats與attack之間存在被動關(guān)系，所以排除表示主動的A項(xiàng)和B項(xiàng)；由句意“最近中國加緊對黃巖島附近水域的控制來阻止中國漁船在中國南海受到攻擊”可知attack的動作并沒有發(fā)生，因此排除表示完成的D項(xiàng)；故答案為C項(xiàng)。

(2012重慶高考，28)We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ______ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A．to be made

B．being made C．made

D．having been made 答案為A項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第一句in half an hour可知，會議還沒有開始，因此決定還沒有做出，只是將要做出，故排除B、C、D三項(xiàng)；不定式作定語表示將來，符合題意。句意：半小時(shí)后我們將舉行一次會議，在會議上將要做出的決定會影響我們公司的將來。

誤區(qū)警示

1．非謂語動詞作賓語的易錯點(diǎn)

是主動關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。如果不注意逗號前后的邏輯和時(shí)間關(guān)系，易誤選B項(xiàng)；如果不注意句與句之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系，有可能誤選D項(xiàng)。

(2011天津高考，12)______ into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A．Translating

B．Translated C．To translate

D．Having translated 【錯混透析】 B 句子主語the sentence與translate為被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選過去分詞形式作狀語。

(2011四川高考，11)Simon made a big bamboo box ______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A．keep

B．kept C．keeping

D．to keep 【錯混透析】 D 根據(jù)句意和邏輯關(guān)系判斷，該題應(yīng)選不定式形式作目的狀語。【解題指導(dǎo)】 非謂語形式作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)。(1)不定式通常作目的狀語。

(2)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時(shí)，與句子主語是主動關(guān)系。(3)過去分詞作狀語時(shí)，與句子主語是被動關(guān)系。4．非謂語動詞作補(bǔ)語的易錯點(diǎn)

(2012四川高考，12)Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car______.A．washed

B．wash C．washing

D．to wash 【錯混透析】A car和wash為被動關(guān)系，故選washed作補(bǔ)語表示被動。句意：在你開車駛?cè)脒@所城市前，你應(yīng)該先洗車?！癵et ＋ 賓語 ＋ to do sth.”意為“使賓語做某事”，賓語與后面的補(bǔ)語為主動關(guān)系，所以邏輯關(guān)系判斷失誤會造成誤選D項(xiàng)。

(2011浙江高考，14)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.A．lose

B．lost C．to lose

D．having lost 【錯混透析】 B 該題易誤選A項(xiàng)，考生可能會將find sb.do與find oneself done混淆。根據(jù)句意“即使最好的作家有時(shí)也會覺得自己無法用語言表達(dá)”可知，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)圍繞lose變化。lost for words為過去分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)，意為“(驚訝，困惑等得)不知說什么好”。

【解題指導(dǎo)】 非謂語形式可以在動詞后面作補(bǔ)語，也可以在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中作補(bǔ)語。(1)在“一感(feel)二聽(hear，listen)三讓(let，make，have)四看(see，watch，notice，observe)”等動詞后面，可以跟不帶to的不定式或者分詞作賓補(bǔ)。不定式表示動作的全過程，說明某事已發(fā)生；現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進(jìn)行，還未結(jié)束，現(xiàn)在分詞和賓語之間存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系；過去分詞表示被動和完成，沒有一定的時(shí)間性，過去分詞和賓語之間存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。

(2)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是“with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”，賓補(bǔ)可以由分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等來充當(dāng)。若用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示被動和完成；用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示主動和進(jìn)行；用動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)表示將來。

5．非謂語動詞的否定式、進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動式易錯點(diǎn)(2011浙江高考，19)If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A．being cheered

B．be cheered C．to be cheered

D．were cheered 【錯混透析】 C 從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，前面已經(jīng)有are going to tour，中間又沒有連詞，不可能出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)獨(dú)立謂語，所以應(yīng)選非謂語形式，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；A、C兩項(xiàng)都表示被動，區(qū)別在于being done強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行，而動詞不定式to be done表示將來。根據(jù)句子的時(shí)態(tài)判斷應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。

(2012重慶高考，23)______ to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful

A．having resulted

B．resulted C．being resulted

D．resulting 10．(2012山東菏澤實(shí)驗(yàn)高中月考，26)______ this problem，they don't know how to deal with it.A．Face

B．Faced C．Facing

D．To be faced 11．(2012山東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)二模，24)______all the doors were locked，Mr.Goodman left for New York on holiday.A．Checking

B．Checked C．To check

D．Having checked 12．(2012山東淄博六中五模，29)The TV play ______ the story of Brother Sharp(犀利哥)will be made soon.A．being based on

B．based on C．be based on

D．basing on 13．(2012山東棗莊期末，23)Though ______ to see us，he gave us a warm welcome.A．surprise

B．to be surprised C．surprising

D．surprised 14．(2012山東萊蕪期末，30)—Do you think you could get this parcel ______ for me，please? —Consider it done!A．to mail

B．mailed C．mailing

D．mail 15．(2012山東聊城五校期末，26)My uncle sang a few old songs，my aunt ______ the piano to accompany him.A．played

B．to play C．playing

D．play

參考答案

八、非謂語動詞

命題調(diào)研·明晰考向 真題試做

1．A 考查非謂語動詞。句意：喬治戰(zhàn)后回來，卻被告知妻子已離他而去了。此處應(yīng)用不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表示意料之外的結(jié)果，而且主語George和tell之間是被動關(guān)系，因此用to be told。

2．A 考查非謂語動詞。句意：看那邊有一條蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那所房子。前面已有謂語動詞，故此處要選用非謂語動詞形式，因此排除B項(xiàng)，且path與lead之間為主動關(guān)系，故排除C項(xiàng)，此處是非謂語動詞作定語，leading相當(dāng)于定語從句which leads，故此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

3．B 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式作定語時(shí)，若不定式和它修飾的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，且又和該句主語或賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，常用不定式的主動形式。該題中complete和readings之間是被動關(guān)系，但是complete同時(shí)又和句子的主語I存在主動關(guān)系，所以用動詞不定式的主動形式作定語。句意為“在這一學(xué)期結(jié)束之前，我有很多材料要閱讀完”。

4．A 考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為“起居室既干凈又整潔，里面有一張?jiān)缫逊藕玫念A(yù)備要開飯的餐桌?！眞ith復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成是：with＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)，賓補(bǔ)可以由分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等來充當(dāng)，其中賓語和補(bǔ)足語之間是主語和謂語的關(guān)系。若用過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語表示被動和完成；用現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語表示主動和進(jìn)行；用動詞不定式作補(bǔ)足語表示將來。由語境可知，要用過去分詞作補(bǔ)足語，表示桌子早已被放好了。

創(chuàng)新模擬·預(yù)測演練

1．A accommodate oneself to意為“使自己適應(yīng)??”，根據(jù)句意判斷逗號前面是后面的目的，所以選用不定式作目的狀語。

2．A 根據(jù)句意判斷應(yīng)選不定式形式，表示出人意料的結(jié)果。

3．D 根據(jù)句意看出鮑勃已經(jīng)辭職，現(xiàn)在正在一家私立學(xué)校教書，所以第一個(gè)空應(yīng)用不定式的完成式，第二個(gè)空應(yīng)用不定式的進(jìn)行式。

4．D 句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，安陽發(fā)現(xiàn)了曹操墓，引起了全國(民眾)的關(guān)注。be reported后面必須接不定式形式，而且從句意看出“已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)”，所以用不定式的完成式表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。

5．A 該題的答語為省略句，完整的回答為“(I think)Failing the English exam(made Maria upset)．”，所以應(yīng)選動名詞形式作主語。

6．C 動詞found“創(chuàng)立，建立”和其邏輯主語University of Cambridge“劍橋大學(xué)”之間為動賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用動詞的過去分詞形式作定語，答案為C項(xiàng)。

7．B 該句中John could imagine作the only way的定語，考查結(jié)構(gòu)the way to do sth.，故選B項(xiàng)。

8．C 該句用到了with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，由于賓語quite a few children與surround是主謂關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在分詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

9．D result in意為“導(dǎo)致”，主語A fire與其為主動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在分詞形式作結(jié)果狀語，表示失火后自然而然地造成的結(jié)果。

10．C face意為“面對著”，與句子主語they是主動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。

11．D 不定式通常表示將來，可排除C項(xiàng)；句子主語與check為主謂關(guān)系，且從句意看出“已經(jīng)檢查”，所以應(yīng)選現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語。

12．B 根據(jù)后面的謂語will be made可知此處應(yīng)選非謂語形式；base...on...意為“把??作為??的基礎(chǔ)；把??建立在??基礎(chǔ)之上”，The TV play與base之間為被動關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選過去分詞形式作定語。

13．D surprise為及物動詞，意為“使??吃驚”，與句子主語he之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選過去分詞形式，此處是Though he was surprised to see us的省略。

14．B get為使役動詞，意為“使得”，“get＋賓語 ＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“使??做某事”，“get＋賓語 ＋done”結(jié)構(gòu)意為“使??被做”。根據(jù)句意判斷應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。

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第四篇：《2012年英語高考非謂語動詞(二)》學(xué)案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》學(xué)案

一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

1、非謂語動詞的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點(diǎn)。

二、學(xué)習(xí)重難點(diǎn)

1、學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)：非謂語動詞的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)；

2、學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)：非謂語動詞的易錯考點(diǎn)。

三、學(xué)習(xí)過程

（一）課前預(yù)習(xí)

1、課前預(yù)習(xí)：非謂語動詞。

2、參考資料：教材或輔導(dǎo)用書中相關(guān)部分。

（二）課堂探究

1、非謂語動詞的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點(diǎn)？

（三）拓展練習(xí)

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working

（四）課后作業(yè)

1、復(fù)習(xí)一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習(xí)。

3、復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動詞的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)和易錯考點(diǎn)。

第五篇：英語非謂語動詞

主語subject 謂語predicate 賓語object 表語predicative 定語attributive 狀語adverbial adjunct 補(bǔ)足語complement 同位語appositive

英語非謂語動詞講解及練習(xí)非謂語動詞是指分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）、不定式、動名詞等三種形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。當(dāng)然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：

現(xiàn)在分詞 doing : 有being done（被動式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被動式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被動式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（進(jìn)行式）

動名詞

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被動式）;

非謂語動詞的特點(diǎn)： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時(shí)跟賓語。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補(bǔ)足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補(bǔ)足語或狀語。

下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進(jìn)行講解： 一．

動詞不定式

先看幾個(gè)例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.說明：1．動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4．動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。8．帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9．不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。

掌握動詞不定式應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：

1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 帶to 還是不帶to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標(biāo)記的。但是有時(shí)用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.與of 連用的形容詞有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語，而要用it做形式賓語。例如：通常不說We think to obey the laws is important.而說We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定語，應(yīng)注意兩種關(guān)系： 1）動賓關(guān)系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主謂關(guān)系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(邏輯主語是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(邏輯主語不是I)7．不定式作狀語，可以有以下幾種意義： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.這種結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的形容詞有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)結(jié)果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作補(bǔ)足語

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不帶to 的不定式作補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當(dāng)這些詞為被動式時(shí)，不定式要帶to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．動名詞

Learning English is very difficult.學(xué)英語非常困難。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing.我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了住農(nóng)村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃點(diǎn)安眠藥，你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個(gè)問題：

1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區(qū)別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

盡力去做某事 try doing

試著做某事 learn to do …

學(xué)著去做某事 learn doing …

學(xué)會做某事

stop to do …

停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續(xù)做某事 used to do …

過去做某事 be used to doing …習(xí)慣做某事

2．動名詞作定語與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語意義有區(qū)別 動名詞作定語表達(dá)

n+ for doing 的含義

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達(dá) n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現(xiàn)在分詞

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：

動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．動名詞的語態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)

5． 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.這個(gè)房間需要粉刷。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.這個(gè)故事有興趣，我對這個(gè)故事感興趣。2.This is a moving film.這是一部動人的電影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘書工作到深夜，為主席準(zhǔn)備一篇長篇演講稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果給我多一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，我會做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.當(dāng)他后街時(shí)，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：

1．現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關(guān)系 ；done 作表語，主語與表語是動賓關(guān)系。2）表語與被動式的區(qū)別：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強(qiáng)調(diào)動作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）3）常作表語的過去分詞：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現(xiàn)在分詞，能回答what-question 的動名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四種結(jié)構(gòu)：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著 5． 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分詞做狀語與不定式的區(qū)別：

分詞做狀語表示時(shí)間、原因、讓步、條件、方式、伴隨等；而不定式表示目的和結(jié)果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時(shí)間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結(jié)果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區(qū)別

a running horse 現(xiàn)在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區(qū)別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進(jìn)行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個(gè)問題：

分詞與句子主語的邏輯關(guān)系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）

Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關(guān)系；seen 與city 是動賓關(guān)系 練習(xí)

I.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用動詞的正確形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非謂語動詞練習(xí): 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA