第一篇:新概念2冊第九課教案
Lesson Nine
A Cold Welcome Teaching Aims and demands:
1.Learn how to pronounce the difficult words in the text correctly.2.Grasp the main idea of the passage 3.Grasp the usage of the following words: welcome, crowd, gather etc.4.Learn a kind of word formation by adding affix---affixation.5.Practice oral English with the topic “My first day’ experience at primary school/university”? Teaching Key points and difficult points: 1.the use of “when” clause
2.welcome, crowd, gather, strike, hand, happen, shout, refuse, at the moment , laugh at danger etc.Teaching Procedures: Period 1: I.Introduction to the text and asking some questions.Introduce backgrounds of this text.Questions:
1.Where did we go on New Year’s Eve? 2.Were there a lot of people there or not? II.Ask students to go through the text and finish the pre-class work to get the main idea of the text.Then analyze the text’s structure.In how many minutes would the Town Hall clock strike twelve? 2 At what time did it stop? Did it refuse to welcome the New Year or not? 4 what did the crowd do them? Period 2:
Explain the text in details.1 A cold welcome 冷遇
cold adj.冷的, 寒冷的, 冷淡的
cold fish 冷漠的人
My brother is a cold fish.lucky dog 幸運的人
What does “a cold welcome” refer to ?(refer to 指??)★welcome n.歡迎;v.歡迎
① n.歡迎(greeting;reception)
a cold welcome 冷遇
② v.歡迎
welcome to+地點
welcome to China;welcome to my home;welcome home;welcome back;welcome aboard!③ adj.受歡迎的You are welcome.You are welcome to+地點 On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall.morning,afternoon,evening前如果加修飾詞則用介詞on,否則用in Town Hall 市政廳 It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.the last day of the year 一年中的最后一天 a large crowd of the people 一大群人
★crowd n.人群
① n.人群
in the crowd 在人群中
A large crowd of people 一群人,沒有次序的人群, 擁擠的人群 a group of people 一群人,有次序的人群
crowds of people 許多人, 人山人海 the college crowd 大學伙伴;raise oneself above crowd出類拔萃
e.g.I spotted him in the crowd.我在人群中一眼就認出了他
He pushed his way through the crowd.There was a crowd of 20,000 people at the football match.② v.擁擠, 擠滿
A crowded train;Many tourists crowded into the scenic spot;★gather v.聚集
① vt.使集攏,集合,召集
He gathered a large crowd of people round him.A large crowd soon gathered.The clouds speedily gathered again and it seemed to rain.② vt 收集,采集,收(莊稼等)
The children are out in the field gathering flowers.孩子們在外面地里采花。It has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.收集所有這些書花了我一輩子的時間。③ vi.集攏,聚集,集合
They gathered under the Town Hall clock.people gathered 人們聚集在一起, 尤指自發(fā)性的聚集 4 It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.★strike v.打,擊;敲,彈(鐘,樂器等)①v.打,擊
She struck the man in the face.e.g.A good idea struck/occurred to me.突然想到一個好主意 ② v.敲,彈(鐘,樂器等)
strike the clock(人)敲鐘
clock strike 鐘自己響Listen, the clock is striking.strike twelve 數(shù)字表示敲擊的次數(shù) strike a match擦火柴 strike while the iron is hot趁熱打鐵 minutes'名詞所有格,用來表達時間 名詞所有格表示時間或距離
It will leave in five minutes'time.in twenty(minutes'time)名詞所有格可省略
an hour's time How far is the school from here? 3 minutes' walk.三分鐘路程。5 The big minute hand did not move.★hand n.(表或機器的)指針;手
minute hand;second hand;hour hand;second hand 二手的,舊的,秒針
wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.)(secs.是seconds 的縮寫)give sb a hand=help sb;wash one’s hands=quit doing sth習慣用法:get the upper hand of 占…上風;hand and foot手腳并用;show one’s hand(to)攤牌;hand to hand短兵相接 We waited and waited, but nothing happened.waited and waited 等啊等啊, 強調動作的重復(walked and walked;run and run)★happen vi.事情做主語, 事情發(fā)生 What happened? Nothing happened.Happen to 發(fā)生在某人身上
e.g.She hoped nothing bad would happen to him.Happen to do sth.偶然做某事e.g.I happened to see him on the street.It happens that…碰巧;恰好 e.g.It so happened that the famous actor was her brother.7 Suddenly someone shouted ★shout v.喊;shout at sb對…大喊大叫(不禮貌);shout to sb 對…大聲喊(使聽到)
call out 大聲喊叫;cry out 大聲哭喊;scream 尖叫 8 It was true.It was true that+從句??是一個事實 The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.★refuse v.拒絕
① vt.拒絕(接受、服從等)She refused the gift.② vt.拒不,不肯,不愿
refuse to do sth.拒絕去做某事;I refuse to leave.我拒絕離開;I refuse to move.我拒絕移動 John refused to change his mind.約翰拒不改變主意。The car refused to start.The boy refused to lend me his dictionary.③ vi.拒絕,不接受
e.g.I offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.對他的幫助我提出給他報酬,但他拒絕了。10 At that moment, everybody began to laugh and sing.★Begin on sth;begin by doing sth;begin doing=begin to do;start doing=start to do e.g.She began on the violin and later changed to the cello(大提琴).She began by telling a joke.From beginning to end;from the beginning;from the very beginning;
In/at the beginning ★at that moment = just then 就在那時;at the moment = now 現(xiàn)在, 此刻, 在此時 ★laugh at danger 等閑視之
e.g.He who laughs last laughs best.Laugh at sb取笑,譏笑;laugh to oneself獨自發(fā)笑;smile at對…微笑;make fun of sb捉弄 Laughter n.笑聲;笑 a home full of laughter
Laughing adj.快樂的,歡笑的 e.g.It’s no laughing matter.Laughing stock Period 3 Further explain the text in details.1.…a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock.??一大群人聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面。
had gathered為過去完成時,表示過去某個時刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。(第14課語法)2.It would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time.再過20分鐘,大鐘將敲響12下。(1)這句話的時態(tài)為過去將來時。
(2)in+表示時間長度的短語可譯為“??時間之后”,一般與將來時連用:
Please wait a moment here.Jack will be back in a few minutes.請在此稍候。杰克幾分鐘之后就回來。
(3)strike的基本含義是“打”、“擊”:
She struck the man in the face.她打了那人的臉。
3.We waited and waited, but nothing happened.我們等啊等啊,可情況沒有變化。
動詞 happen作“發(fā)生”、“出現(xiàn)”講時,主語是物:
Have you heard what happened to Sam this morning?
你聽說今天上午薩姆發(fā)生了什么事了嗎?
An interesting thing happened last night.昨晚發(fā)生了一件有趣的事。
4.The big clock refused to welcome the New Year.那座大鐘不愿意迎接新年。
這句話中的兩個動詞 refuse和welcome在一般情況下主語都是人。
用大鐘作主語是一種擬人手法 Grammar in use
1.引導時間狀語的介詞 in, on, at, during, till與 until
(1)用in的時間短語有:
A、表示一天中的某段時間:
in the morning 在早上
in the afternoon/ evening 在下午/晚上
B、表示月份或年份:
in March 在3月
in September 在9月
in 1984 在1984年
C、表示季節(jié):
in(the)spring 在春天
in(the)winter 在冬天
in+ 一段時間有兩種含義。它可以表示“在某段時間之內”,這時它可以與現(xiàn)在時、過去時或將來時連用,一般與完成某個動作有關:
I always eat my breakfast in ten minutes.我總是在10分鐘之內吃完早飯。
I finished the examination in two hours.我在兩小時之內做完了考題。
另外,它還可以表示“??時間之后”,與將來時連用:
Mother will be back in ten days.母親10天后回來。
(2)用on的時間短語有:
A、表示星期:
on Monday 星期一
on Friday 星期五
on Monday morning/evening 在星期一早上/晚上表示日期
on June 1st 在6月1日
on 23rd March 在3月23日
(在書寫日期時沒有冠詞,但在口語中則分別讀為:on June the first, on the 23rd of March)
B、表示星期+日期:
on Monday, June 1st 在6月 1日,星期一
C、表示具體時間:
on that day 在那一天
on that evening 在那天晚上
My brother's birthday is on August 12th.我哥哥的生日是8月12日。
(3)用at的時間短語有:
A、表示確切的時間:
at 10 o'clock 在10點鐘
at 5 'clock 在5點鐘
B、表示用餐時間:
at lunch/ dinner time 在午飯/正餐時間
at teatime 在茶點時間
C、表示其他時刻:
at noon/ night/ midnight 在中午/夜里/半夜
at this time 在這時
Liz came to see me at ten/ teatime.莉茲10點/在茶點時來看我了。
(4)during后必須跟一個名詞,可以指整個一段時間。它有時可以用in替代:
It was very hot during the summer.那年夏天很熱。
He has phoned four times during the last half hour.在這半小時內他打了4次電話。
但在下面的例句中則不可用in替代during:
I met him sometime during the week.我是在這一周的某天遇見他的。
During the whole winter it never snowed.整個冬季一直沒下雪。
(5)from?till?指一段明確的時間:
The tourist season runs from June till October.旅游季節(jié)從6月一直到10月。
(6)當所用動詞只表示一個短暫的動作(如finish, leave)時,則只能在否定句中用till/ until:
I won't leave till/ until Monday.我要到星期一才離開。
2.否定句的兩種形式:not any與 no
對于一般疑問句,可以有兩種否定的回答:
--Did you buy books?
--你買書了嗎?
--No, I didn't buy any books./No, I bought no books.--沒,我沒買書。
否定詞no比not any的語氣要強,但這兩種否定的意義是相同的。no可構成復合詞nobody, none, nothing, nowhere;any可構成復合詞anybody, anything和anywhere。
在一個句子中通常只能有一個否定詞(包括never, hardly等詞):
It seems that nobody understands me.好像沒有一個人理解我。
I hardly go to school these days.這些日子我?guī)缀醪蝗ド蠈W。
而除黑人英語外一般不說“I can't get no eggs.” Period 4: exercises Structure They went to the Town Hall on Wednesday evening.They went __________.(a)the evening(b)on the evening(c)evening(d)in the evening 4 The people __________ under the Town Hall clock.(a)were(b)was(c)is(d)be 5 __________ will it strike? In twenty minutes' time.(a)When(b)How long(c)How long ago(d)How much 6 What time did it stop? __________ five to twelve.(a)On(b)At(c)In(d)During 7 Did __________ happen? No, nothing happened.(a)nothing(b)anything(c)any(d)a thing Vocabulary
How many times did the clock __________?(a)hit(b)beat(c)knock(d)strike 9 It was fifteen minutes __________ eleven.(a)pass(b)past(c)passed(d)pasted l0 A clock usually has two hands, a minute hand and __________ hand.(a)a second(b)an hour(c)a time(d)a big 11 Most people wear or carry __________.(a)an alarm clock(b)an alarm(c)a clock(d)a watch 12 It refused to welcome the New Year.It __________.(a)denied it(b)wanted to(c)didn't want to(d)wished to
Key to Multiple choice questions
c 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 a 6 b 7 b 8 d 9 b 10 b 11 d 12 c
第二篇:新概念2冊78課以后的教案
新概念英語第二冊第78課課文以及課堂筆記
(一)(2006-11-14 00:12:46)
分類:新概念英語
Lesson 78 The last one?
After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette.For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly.I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite.My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.After seven days of this I went to a party.Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable.When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction.My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more.Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.He himself has done it lots of times!
第78課 最后一根嗎?
讀完一篇題為《吸煙與健康》的文章之后,我點上了一枝香煙,來鎮(zhèn)定一下自己緊張的神經(jīng)。我聚精會神而又愉快地吸著這枝煙。因為我確信這是我最后一枝煙了。整整一個星期我根本沒有吸煙。在此期間,我妻子吃盡了苦頭。我具備了戒煙者通常表現(xiàn)出來的所有癥狀:脾氣暴躁和食欲旺盛。我的朋友們不斷地向我遞香煙和雪茄。每當我從口袋里掏出一包糖果時,他們都毫不掩飾地表現(xiàn)出他們對此感到非常好笑。這樣過了7天以后,我去參加一次聚會。我周圍的每個人都在吸煙,我感到非常不自在。當我的老朋友布賴恩極力勸我接受一枝香煙時,我再也忍不住了。我內疚地接過一枝點上,心滿意足地抽起來。一切又都恢復了正常,為此我妻子十分高興。不管怎么說,正如布賴恩指出的那樣,戒煙是世界上最容易的事情,他自己就已戒了很多次了!
課堂筆記:
1)entitle an article entitled‘Cigarette Smoking and Your Health’,一篇題為《吸煙與健康》的文章。在英語中,文章名與書名中的每個單詞的第一個字母均大寫,不在開頭位置的連詞、冠詞、小品詞除外。entitle 的含義為“給......題名/定名”,在這里是過去分詞(短語)作定語。entitle 常用于被動語態(tài):
The writer hasn't entitled his new book yet.那位作家還沒給他的新書寫/取名。She read a poem entitled “The Apple Tree” 她讀了一首題為《蘋果樹》的詩 entitle sb to sth給予某人獲得某事物或做某事的權利 You are entitled to collect the rental fee from the customers.你有權利去收取客戶的房租。
This ticket doesn't entitle you to sit in first class.你這張票不能坐頭等位。entitlement授權,有資格
We have no record of your entitlement to free travel.我們沒有讓你免費旅行的記錄。
2)lit 原形light lit lit(lighted,ligthed)lighted candel燃著的蠟燭 light a candle light a cigarette light up(with sth)指人的臉等放光彩,容光煥發(fā) Her eyes lit up with joy.她因喜悅而目光炯炯
3)calm adj.鎮(zhèn)定的,安靜的,無憂慮的
It is important to keep calm in an emergency.在緊急情況下保持鎮(zhèn)靜是很重要的。the calm before the storm暴風雨前的寧靜 v.calm(sb)down使某人平靜,鎮(zhèn)靜 Just calm down a bit.你先靜一靜!calmly 若無其事地
He walked into the shop and calmly stole a pair of gloves.他走進商店若無其事地偷了一副手套
4)nerves用復數(shù)表示神經(jīng)緊張,神經(jīng)過敏,神經(jīng)質
She doesn't know what nerves are.她根本就不知道什么是神經(jīng)緊張。膽量,勇氣
It takes nerve to be a racing driver.當賽車手要有膽量
I wouldn't have the nerve to try anything so dangerous.我可沒膽量做那么危險的事情。What a nerve!臉皮真厚(what a shame)get on sb's nerves刺激或煩擾某人
Stop singing!You are getting on my nerves.別唱了!弄得我心煩 hit/touch a(raw)nerve提及某人痛苦氣憤等的事情,點到痛處
You hit a raw nerve when you mentioned his first wife 你曾提到他的前妻刺到了他的痛處。
5)concentrate on sth 集中注意力做某事
6)suffer During this time, my wife suffered terribly.在此期間,我妻子吃盡了苦頭。(1)vi.受痛苦,受苦難;患?。簊uffer from/with/for Do you often suffer from headaches?你常頭痛嗎? She is suffering from loss of memory。她患有遺忘癥
He made a rash decision.Now he is suffering for it.他做的決定太草率了,現(xiàn)在可吃到苦頭(2)vt.經(jīng)歷或遭受(痛苦、損害等):
Many people are suffering cold and hunger in that district.那個地區(qū)許多人正受凍挨餓。
(3)變壞,變差,變糟
Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.你要是總踢足球,功課就會變糟了。suffering痛苦(肉體的或心理的)
There is so much suffering in this world.這個世界上有很多的痛苦。
7)I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite.我具備了戒煙者通常表現(xiàn)出來的所有癥狀:脾氣暴躁和食欲旺盛。a bad temper and an enormous appetite 為symptoms 的同位語。
giving up smoking 可以看做是someone 的定語,即someone who gives up smoking.symptom癥狀,(壞事的)征兆
You have a symptom of catching a cold你有患感冒的癥狀 enormous巨大的,極大的
an enormous amount of money巨款 appetite食欲,胃口
When I was ill I completely lost my appetite.我生病時完全沒有食欲 He has no appetite for the fight.他毫無斗志。
8)My friends Kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.我的朋友們不斷地向我遞香煙和雪茄。keep on doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做某事”、“反復做某事”: The child was crying loudly, but he kept on watching TV.孩子在大聲哭,但他卻一直看電視。He kept on phoning me 他不斷地給她打電話。
9)They made no effort to hide他們毫不掩飾地。。make effort to do sth 盡力做某事 make no effort 表示“根本不作努力”。我們還可以說: He made no effort to take the exam.他考試根本不努力。make every effort盡一切努力
I will make every effort to arrive on time.我將盡一切努力準時到達。She wrote the letter with/without effort.她費力地/毫不費力地寫了那封信。
Georeg made every effort to get/at getting the job.喬治竭盡全力想得到那份工作。
10)produce sth(from/out of sth)掏出,拿出或出示某事物 Please produce your ticket for inspection.出示火車票以供檢查
The man produced a knife from his pocket.那男人從他口袋里掏出一把刀
第78課課堂筆記
(二)11)urge urge sb to do sth 催促某人干某事。力勸某人做某事 They urged us to go at once他們催促我們馬上去。極力主張,強烈要求,力勸
My friends urged that I should apply for the job 朋友們力勸我申請那份工作。He urged that they go to New York 他極力主張他們去紐約。
urge sb.on鼓勵或激勵某人,鞭策
We urged the school team on with loud cheers.我們大聲助威,激勵校隊拼搏
強調 urge on/upon sb 對某人/某事強調
We urged on you the importance of the time factor.我們曾向你方強調過時間因素的主要性。n.強烈的欲望,沖動
The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.假期快到了,我很急迫地去旅行。
沖動,強烈的欲望”。I had a sudden urge to tell the boss what I thought of him.我突然想告訴老板我對他的看法。
12)it was more than I could bear....我再也忍不住了。
more than 后面跟一個從句或一個形容詞時可以表示“超出”(多用于口語): He was more than pleased with his new room.他對自己的新房間極其滿意。This was more than I had expected.這超出了我的預料。
13)guiltily內疚地 guilty adj.guilty of sth.有罪的
He was found guilty of murder他被判犯謀殺罪。有過失的[(+of)] The manager was guilty of an important misjudgment.經(jīng)理犯了一個重大的判斷錯誤。自知有過錯的,內疚的[(+about)] I felt guilty after breaking my promise.我違背諾言后感到內疚。You look guilty.你看上去心虛。guilt n 有罪,罪狀
The police established his guilt.警方認定他有罪。guiltless of sth 無罪的,無辜的
14)delight 1.欣喜,愉快[U] To our delight, our football team won.令我們高興的是,我們的足球隊贏了。She ran back home with delight.她興高采烈地跑回家。2。vt.1.使高興,愉快 I'm delighted that you are back.你回來了,我很高興。
We were delighted to read your novel.我們很高興拜讀你的小說。Her singing delighted everyone.她的歌聲使大家很愉快。vi.delight in sth/doing sth 1.喜愛,取樂[(+in)] She delights in her work.她喜愛她的工作。
14)
Anyway,as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.不管怎么說,正如布賴恩指出的那樣,戒煙是世界上最容易的事情。
it 為先行主語,代替后面的不定式短語 to give up smoking。point out 為固定短語,表示“指出”、“指明”:
He pointed out the mistake to me.他向我指出錯誤。
He pointed out that we still had to get a few other things.他指出我們還需要/得再買一些其他東西。
2.與keep 有關的短語動詞
keep 與不同的小品詞搭配可以有不同的含義。
(1)keep on 與動名詞連用時表示“反復”、“持續(xù)”: Keep on trying.繼續(xù)努力。
He kept on saying that he was tired.他不斷地說他累了。
(2)keep off 表示“不靠近”、“從......離開”: Keep off the flower bed.請勿進入花壇。
Keep your hands off the food.別動吃的東西。
(3)keep away from 表示“(使.......)不靠近”、“避開”: Why do you always keep away from me? 你為什么總躲著我?
Keep the children away from the river.別讓孩子們去河邊。
(4)keep it up 表示“不松勁”、“保持成績”或“繼續(xù)下去”,而 keep up with 則表示“跟上”、“不落在......后面”: You've made much progress.Keep it up!你已取得了很大進步。繼續(xù)努力!
If you keep it up, you'll be able to set up a new world record.你如果保持下去/不松勁,你就能創(chuàng)一項新的世界紀錄。
Although he walked as fast as he could, he still couldn't keep up with his father.雖然他盡快走,但他仍跟不上他父親。
In order to keep up with his classmates, he worked harder than ever.為了跟上同學,他比以往任何時候都更努力。
(5)keep out 可以表示“(使)留在外面”、“(使)不進入”: He shut all the doors and windows to keep out the wind.為了擋風,他關上了所有的門窗。16,000-volt power line.Keep out!16,000 伏高壓線,不可靠近?。?)keep in 的含義之一為“(把.......)留在里面/關在屋里”、“不 出 外”:
It's very cold today.We'd better keep in.今天很冷。我們最好別出去。
When the dog was kept in, it barked loudly.那條狗被關在屋里時狂吠不止。(7)keep up with sb保持與某人聯(lián)系
How many of your old classmates do you keep up with?(8)keep sth back from sb向.......隱瞞某事
I am sure she is keeping something back from us我肯定她向我們隱瞞著什么(9)keep in with sb Have you noticed how he tries to keep in with the boss? 你注意到他多巴結老板了嗎?
Lesson 79 By Air?
I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy.My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays.A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience.I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport.While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down.Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board.The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane.After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly.Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.第79課 乘坐飛機?
我在幼年的時候,曾多次乘飛機旅行。我的父母曾經(jīng)住在南美洲,所以假期里我常從歐洲乘飛機到他們那里。我總是由一位空中乘務員照管,從未遇到過不愉快的經(jīng)歷。我習慣了乘飛機旅行,只是有一次把我嚇壞了。起飛之后,我們在城市上空低低地飛行,然后慢慢爬高。這時飛機突然調轉頭來,飛回了機場。在我們等待降落時,一位空中乘務員告訴我們要保持鎮(zhèn)靜,待飛機一著陸,就馬上不聲不響地離開飛機。飛機上的人都很著急,大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后來我們才得知,飛機上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人報告警察,說飛機上安放了一枚炸彈。我們降落之后,飛機被徹底搜查了一遍。幸運的是,什么也沒有找到。5個小時后,我們又起飛了。
課堂筆記
(一)1)used to do 我們用used to do 表示過去有過但現(xiàn)在已不存在的習慣,以便將過去與現(xiàn)在形成對照。它后面經(jīng)常用由but now...,but not...any more/any longer 等構成的、用了一般現(xiàn)在時的句子以強調過去和現(xiàn)在的不同之處。Do you watch television? I used to, but I don' t any longer.你看電視嗎?
我過去??矗F(xiàn)在不看了。
I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any longer.我過去常吸煙,但現(xiàn)在已不吸了。
He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他過去是個懶孩子,但現(xiàn)在他很勤奮。
used to 僅用于一般過去時。它的疑問句和否定句形式可以不用助動詞do 而用used 本身: Used he to smoke? He usedn' t / used not to smoke.did didn' t 他過去吸煙嗎? 他從前并不吸煙。
但比較常用的形式是did和didn't: Did he use to smoke? He didn' t use to smoke.他過去吸煙嗎? 他從前不吸煙。
在針對used to提問時,一般也用did I used to be a good swimmer.Did you really? I didn' t even know you could swim.Did you use to smoke? Yes, I did / used to.我過去是個游泳好手。
真的嗎?我以前甚至不知道你會游泳。你從前吸煙嗎? 是的,我吸。
would 是另一個用于描述過去經(jīng)常性行為的詞,它與used to有時可以互換,有時則不可以,而且
would 需要指出具體時間,used to 則不需要。
(1)當used to 暗示與現(xiàn)在的對照時,不可用would 替換: I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.我過去喝酒很厲害,但我已戒了。
I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.我過去早飯吃得不多,可現(xiàn)在我吃得很多。
(2)當used to 描寫過去的狀態(tài)時,也不可與would 互換,would 只表示過去特有的習慣或行為:
I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.我過去是個侍者,但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機。They used to own a car.他們過去有輛車。
(3)當used to 不強調與現(xiàn)在的對比時,可與would 互換。但一個故事開頭時不用would,必須首先用一般過去時或used to 描述背景,然后用would 表示習慣性動作:
When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm.We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.我小時候經(jīng)常在農場度假。我們總是5 點起床,幫助擠牛奶。What sort of things did she like doing as a girl? She used to would climb trees whenever she could.她小時候喜歡做些什么事? 她一有機會就爬樹
be used to 表示“習慣于”,后面跟名詞或動名詞,be 也可用 get等代替: I'm used to shopping alone.我習慣于一個人購物。I'm used to getting up early.我習慣于早起。
I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.我開始當面包師不久就習慣早起了。
2)表示“許多”的英語短語:
(1)修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的有 many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large(或great)/small number of等,其后的謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
(2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
(3)既能修飾可數(shù)名詞,又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等,謂語動詞根據(jù)主語是可數(shù)或不可數(shù)決定單復數(shù)形式。a number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語用復數(shù),意為許多,大量的?? the number of +可數(shù)名詞,謂語用單數(shù),意為??的數(shù)目
3). experience(1)n.經(jīng)歷(可數(shù)):
I had an amusing experience last year.去年我有過一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。
He told me about his experiences as a young man.他向我講述了他年輕時的經(jīng)歷。(2)n.經(jīng)驗,體驗(不可數(shù)):
They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.他們想要一位有豐富經(jīng)驗的人來承擔這項工作。Does she have any experience in teaching? 她有教學經(jīng)驗嗎?(3)vt.經(jīng)驗,體驗:
Have you ever experienced anything like this? 你經(jīng)歷過像這樣的事情嗎?
The village has experienced great changes since 1980.自1980 年以來這個村子經(jīng)歷了極大的變化。
experience 的過去分詞常作形容詞用,表示“有經(jīng)驗的”、“經(jīng)驗豐 富的”:
John is an experienced driver.約翰是個經(jīng)驗豐富的司機。
4)1. A flight attendent would take charge of me...我總是由一位空中乘務員照管...would 表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事,它與 used to 的區(qū)別參見第55 課語法。take charge(of)為固定短語,表示“接管”、“開始管理”等: She took charge of the child after his parents died.孩子的父母去世后,她接管了那孩子。
The new manager will take charge(of the company)from next week.新經(jīng)理從下星期開始管理公司。
5)....only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened....只是有一次把我嚇壞了。這是一個倒裝句。倒裝句的結構為“副詞+助動詞(be, do, have, can,must 等)+主語+句子的其余部分”。它通常用來加強語氣,是典型的正式修辭和正式文體。用倒裝句的情況包括:(1)句首為否定或近似否定的副詞(never, rarely, little, on no occasion,hardly, no sooner飔han 等):
Never has he got so many letters.他從未收到過這么多信。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.他對這個會議的重要性知之甚少。
On no occasion must you accept any money if he offers it.他如果給你錢,你可絕不能接受。
Hardly had he begun his speech when he was interrupted.他剛開始講話就被人打斷了。
No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and went to live there.他剛一回來便買下了一幢房子住了進去。
(2)句首為only 構成的詞組(如 only after, only then 等): Only then did I realize what a mistake I have made.只是到了那時我才意識到我犯了個什么錯誤。
Only after she had taken off her coat and hat could I recognize her.只有在她脫掉大衣和摘下帽子以后我才認出了她。
6)gain height,(飛機)增加高度,爬高。gain 在這里為及物動詞,表示“增加”:
The car gained speed when it was outside the town.汽車駛出城區(qū)后便加 快了速度。
He has gained so much weight that he decides to go on a diet.他體重增加得太多了,便決定節(jié)食。gain sth.獲得
gain possession獲得所有權 gain sb's affections贏得某人的喜愛 gain by/from doing sth/sth從某事中獲益
You can gain by watching how she works.看她怎么樣工作你就可獲益。
第79課課堂筆記
(二)7)land(飛機)著陸
The pilot managed to land the damaged plane safely.飛行員設法讓受到破壞的飛機安全著陸
We shall be landing shortly.Please fasten your seat-belts.我們馬上就要著陸,請大家系好安全帶。
8)touch down(飛機)著陸,降落
After eight hours, the plane touched down at New York airport.8 小時之后,飛機在紐約機場著陸。
Don't stand up before the plane has touched down.飛機著陸前不要站起來。
9)Everybody on board was worried 飛機上的人都很著急......固定短語on board 表示“搭乘(船、飛機、火車、汽車等)”、“在(船、飛機、火車、汽車等)上”:
Tom has never been on board a plane before.湯姆以前從沒有乘過飛機。
Have the passengers gone on board yet? 旅客已經(jīng)上船了嗎?
Please board the plane immediately.請立刻上飛機。be above board(商業(yè)交易)光明正大的
The deal was completely above board.這筆交易是完全光明正大的 an above-board deal光明正大的交易 board at.../with sb 寄膳
go by the board計劃等告吹,放棄
I'm afraid the new car will have to go by the board.We can't afford it.我看買新車的事情要告吹了,我們買不起。
He boarded at my hourse/with me until he found an apartment.他找到住房之前,在我家寄膳。
10)curious富于好奇心的,有興趣的
be curious about sth/to do sth I am curious to know what she said我真好奇的想知道她說了什么。愛管閑事的
She's always so curious about my work.她總愛打聽我的工作 奇特的,不尋常的
It's curious that he didn't tell you.他沒有告訴你實在反常。curiosity好奇心kjuEri5Csiti
11)Learn(of/about)sth獲悉,得知
I never learned his name我從未聽說過他的名字
Learn that it's no use blaming others。認識到責備別人是沒有用 learn one's lesson吸取教訓
I'll never do that again.I've learnt my lesson.我再也不做那種事了,我已有了教訓
12)plant(1)種植;在......內種植: Trees were planted along the river.河邊栽了樹。
They are planting flowers around the pool.他們正在水池周圍種花。
plant sth with sth在......中栽種(花草樹木)
Joe plants his garden with many flowers and vegetables.喬在他的花園里種植了許多花卉和蔬菜。(2)放置,安置;布置: A bomb was planted on the plane.飛機上安放了一枚炸彈。
On that day many policemen were planted along the main street.那天(城里的)主要街道上部署了許多警察。(3)plant sth on sb給某人栽贓
He claimed that the stolen watch was planted on him.他聲稱那被偷的手表是被別人栽贓的
(4)plant sth in sth給某人灌輸(某思想等)
Who planted that idea in your head?是誰給你灌輸這種思想的?(5)plant sb in sth安插眼線
The police planted a spy in the gang.警察在那一團伙中安插了一名偵探。13)thoroughly adv.The work had not been done thoroughly.這工作做得不徹底。thorough 徹底的,深入的,細致的,全面的 provide a thorough training to the new comer。He's a thoroughly nice person.他是個大好人。
與take 有關的短語動詞
take 可以與許多小品詞連用而產生不同的含義,與同一個小品 詞連 用時也可以有多種含義,這里僅選其中的一小部分。(1)take off 最常用的含義為“脫下(衣服、鞋子等)”: Why don't you take off your coat/hat/glasses? 你為什么不把你的大衣脫掉/帽子摘掉/眼鏡摘下? 它還可以表示“(飛機)起飛”或“(鳥)飛起”: After taking off, we first flew low over the city.起飛之后,我們先在城市上空低低地飛行。The plane will take off in half an hour.飛機將于半小時后起飛。
在口語中,take off 可以表示“(嘲弄地)模仿”: As a boy, Jim used to take off his elders.吉姆小時候經(jīng)常模仿長者。
(2)take after 表示“(長相、性格等)像(父母等)”: Jane isn't easy to get along with.She takes after her mother.簡不大容易相處。她像她母親。
(3)take up 的含義之一為“占(時間、地方等)”: Your books have taken up too much space.你的書占的地方太大了。
This work won't take up too much of your time.這項工作不會占你太多的時間。take up 還可以表示“開始(從事、產生興趣等)”: He took up tennis/painting two years ago.兩年前他開始打網(wǎng)球/學繪畫。
(4)take to 的含義之一為“養(yǎng)成......的習慣”或“開始沉緬于”(后 面跟名詞/動名詞):
When did he take to drinking/smoking? 他什么時候養(yǎng)成酗酒/抽煙的習慣的?
(5)take in 的含義之一為“欺騙”(多用于口語中,常用被動語態(tài)): On one occasion I was taken in.有一次我被騙了。
(6)take down 可以表示“寫下”、“記下”: I forgot to take down his telephone number.我忘了記下他的電話號碼。
At the police station, everything he said was taken down.在警察局,他說的每句話都被記了下來。
(7)take over 的含義之一為“接收”、“接管”:
We all hope that things will get better when the new manager takes over.我們都希望新經(jīng)理接管后情況會好轉。
第三篇:新概念2冊94課介詞填空翻譯
1.許多人都不贊成血腥的運動。2.他犯了謀殺罪,被判了死刑。3.你是否曾經(jīng)想到過那對雙胞胎在很多方面都不同。4.我向我的律師請教了那件事情,我應該按他的指示行事。
5.不讓他和別人吵架是不可能的。6.對他的治療有效,它很快就會痊愈的。7.盡管他已經(jīng)35歲了,他還是和母親住一起,依靠他的母親。8.我試著勸他,但是他對我很無禮。
9.很感激你對我這樣耐心。10.他干得不錯,但是你還是不能依賴他。11.我這在考慮換個工作。12.如果你干涉別人的事情,你會后悔的。13.你相信那些廢話嗎? 14.很明顯的是如果你一直騷擾他,他會和你發(fā)脾氣的。15.你對他的要求太過分了,你還不能勝任那份工作。16.不要盲目自信。17.他已經(jīng)做好了各種應急準備。18.我不敢向他提及那件事情。19.別因為這件事責備他,我會對所發(fā)生的事情負責。20.你喜歡學習,你應該多鼓勵他。21.你應該留意和那些對你的成功特別感興趣的人。22.我請求他給予幫助。23.我很后悔求他,對于他的拒絕,沒我感到很震驚。24.你對戲劇感興趣嗎?25.你一時到你面前的困難了嗎? 26.他已經(jīng)有權領取退休金,但是他還想過退休。27.誰來對損壞進行賠付? 28.這輛車不如我去年買的那輛。29.恐怕我還不能對你的工作進行評價。30.她對自己的工作能力引以為傲,但是她不會撫養(yǎng)孩子。31.我們已習慣了惡劣的天氣。32.當你還不了解基本情況的時候,你怎么能同意這樣的主意呢? 33.他向我坦白說他已經(jīng)信別的宗教了。34.她想向我借唱片,但是她還不好意思。35.如果你的嘗試失敗了,別指望我會幫助你。
1.of2.of … to3.to…from4.on…on5.from…with6.to…of7.with…on8.with…to9.to…with10.at…on11.of…for12.in/with13.in1 4.to…in…with
15.of…to16.of17.for18.of…to19.for…for20.on …in21.of…about
22.to23.for/about…at/by24.in25.of…of26.to…of27.for28.to29.on
30.on…of31.to32.to/with … of33.to…to34.from…of
第四篇:新概念教案
復習課 教學對象:小學四五年級 教學用材:新概念第一冊 教學步驟:回顧之前的內容 教學內容:(復習內容)復習課,復習內容比較多 祈使句的復習
同樣以學生舉列分析為主; 先寫兩組祈使句的句子。如:open the door Touch your nose 分析祈使句的概念
祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等等。謂語動詞一律用原形。句子中通常不用主語,句末用驚嘆號或者句號,用降調。1.肯定的祈使句
a.句型:動詞原形~.(省略主語)Stand up.起立。
Be quiet,please.請安靜。
2.否定的祈使句
句型:Don''t +動詞原形~ Don''t swim in the river.別在河里游泳。Don''t be late.別遲到。以學生舉列為主。進行分析。
如: Don’t open the door.Don’t
touch your nose.現(xiàn)在進行時的復習Is+doing 的句型 舉例說明:
She is sitting under the tree.分析:be 為is,動詞加上ing , 這兒的動詞變化形式是雙寫末尾字母,再加ing.順便復習動詞ing 的變化形式 1 直接加ing,舉例:do---doing read--reading
drink--drinking 2 雙寫輔音字母,再加Ing 舉列:sit--sitting put--putting shut--shutting 3 去掉不發(fā)音的e ,再加Ing Make--making type--typing 句型分析: The cat is drinking its milk.Be 動詞是 is , 動詞ing 的變化形式是直接加ing 以下句子依次分析: He is climbing the tree.Sally is shutting the door.Are+doing句型分析 They are running.Be 動詞為are,doing 結構為雙寫末尾輔音字母加上ing.分析下列句子:
They are playing football.They are leaving school now.強調現(xiàn)在進行時句子中 is 和 are 的使用區(qū)別 語法回顧之后:
復習lesson 29--36課課文及單詞
通過單詞和課文的回顧,進行句型分析,深入鞏固并加深學生的印象。課后練習:
1-Put on your coat.(把句子改寫成否定句)2-Turn on the light.(把句子改寫成否定句)3-Don’t open your eyes.(把句子改寫成肯定句)4-她們正在教室里讀書。(翻譯)5-貓正在喝牛奶。(翻譯)6-我們正坐在樹下打游戲。(翻譯)用現(xiàn)在進行時連寫句子
1)Li Ping;learn;to;speak;English;
___答案:Li Ping is learning to speak English。
2)it;rain;now
___答案:It is raining now。
3)they;watch;a football match;on TV
___答案:They are watching a football match on TV。
第五篇:第九課教案
第九課《阿長和山海經(jīng)》
【教學目標】
1.掌握生字詞;有感情的朗讀課文,正確領會長媽媽這一人物形象。
2.了解課文圍繞中心選擇材料、安排材料,詳略得當?shù)膶懽魈攸c;學習選取典 型事例表現(xiàn)人物性格的手法,品味細節(jié)描寫。3.分析人物形象,把握文章中心,理解文章所表達的思想感情?!窘虒W重難點】
1.分析人物形象,把握文章中心,理解文章所表達的思想感情.2.了解課文圍繞 中心選擇材料、安排材料,詳略得當?shù)膶懽魈攸c。
【教學方法】 朗讀法、引導法、討論法。【課時安排】兩課時
第一課時:
一、創(chuàng)設情境,激情導入
(一)導語 : 在魯迅先生的散文《從百草園到三味書屋》里,魯迅除寫了自己的老師壽鏡 吾先生之外,還寫到了一個人,這個人是誰呢?對,是長媽媽,她講的美女蛇的 故事真是神秘莫測,給百草園蒙上一層神秘的面紗。那么,長媽媽是萬個什么樣 的人呢?我們一起來看課文。板書標題、作者,(二)作者介紹 :指定學生簡介作者。
(三)檢查預習情況 : 學生借助工具書解決字詞:駭 擄 悚 煌急 瘡疤 詰問 渴慕 霹靂 煩瑣 懼憚
二、自主學習
1、認真閱讀課文,看看文章圍繞阿長寫了哪些事? 明確:文章先介紹了人們對長媽媽的稱呼,稱呼的由來和她外形的特點,以及她 的一些不好的習慣。如寫她喜歡“切切察察”、喜歡“告狀”、睡覺愛擺“大” 字等;接著寫她懂得的許多“我聽不耐煩”的規(guī)矩。比如元旦、除夕吃福橘、人 死了要說“老掉了”等;最后寫了長媽媽為“我”買《山海經(jīng)》的事。
2、思考:課文對哪些內容詳寫?哪些內容寫得比較簡單?為什么這樣安排?
明確:略寫了阿長的稱呼的來歷、“切切察察”的毛病、擺成“大”字的睡相、令人討厭的種種規(guī)矩、“長毛”的往事,詳寫了為“我”買《山海經(jīng)》一事。略 寫的那些內容能使人對長媽媽有個初步了解,她的外形特征,真實地反映長媽媽 的一些毛病,但這些并不能削弱對阿長媽媽的敬意,而詳寫買《山海經(jīng)》一事,卻令人對長媽媽刮目相看,在作者看來“別人不肯做,或不能做的事情,她卻能 夠做成功”,我們可以想到幼小的魯迅對長媽媽的敬佩和感激之情。
三、精讀課文,研讀賞析 分角色朗讀 6-17 自然段。思考: 長媽媽懂得哪些“我”所不耐煩的規(guī)矩?運用了哪些描寫方法? 從對這些 規(guī)矩的描寫中可以看出長媽媽什么樣的性格特點? 1.元旦除夕哈福橘,說是吃了它,一年到頭,順順溜溜?? 2.說人死了必須說“老掉了”;死了人,生了孩子的屋子里,不應該走進去; 飯粒落在地上,必須揀起來,最好是吃下去;曬褲子用的竹竿底下,是萬不可鉆 過去的??。從對這些煩瑣的規(guī)矩的描寫中可以看出:長媽媽是關心愛護“我” 的,不然她也不會這樣“切切察察”、不厭其煩地告誡“我”。
3.作者還用詼諧的筆墨敘述長媽媽講“長毛”的故事,令人捧腹的同時,又使 人看到了長媽媽的無知、淳樸。這在一個孩子的眼中,她有“偉大的神力”,從 此對于她就有了“特別的敬意”。運用了外貌描寫、動作描寫、語言描寫。
四、質疑問難,合作探究 師:這篇課文中,你還有哪些問題不明白?提出來大家一起解決。生提出問題,師生合作探究,共同解決。
師補充: 文中描寫了長媽媽塞給“我”福橘的往事,是怎樣描寫的?她的這一舉 動寄托了她怎樣的愿望?
生回答后,師明確: 文中寫她“立刻伸出臂膊,一把將我按住”“惶急地看著我”。“她又有所要求 似的。搖著我的肩”。焦急的神態(tài)躍然紙上。而當“我”說: “阿媽,恭喜??” 之后,“她于是十分歡喜似的,笑將起來,同時將一點冰冷的東西,塞在我的嘴 里。”欣喜之態(tài)溢于言表。作者雖然認為這是“元旦辟頭的磨難”,但正是這“磨 難”中,寄托著長媽媽 怎樣善良真誠的愿望?。∷M约汉秃⒆印耙荒甑筋^,順順流流”,這其中更重要的是孩子,因為并不是她自己吃福橘,而是由她“塞 在我的嘴里”。
五、拓展延伸 : 元旦的古怪儀式中,特別傳神的是第二天清早阿長的惶急情景,這里只有動作和 神情,動作先是“將我按住”,再是“搖我的肩”,神情是“惶急地看著我”,此時真是無聲勝有聲,有豐富的潛臺詞,你設想一下,阿長心里最想說什么?
六、課堂總結 1.學生談收獲。2.教師結束語:
魯迅筆下的長媽媽,她雖然多事饒舌,有些令人厭煩的規(guī)矩,但 她真誠、善良淳樸、關心孩子,盡自己的可能幫助孩子,這樣的人,怎能不讓魯 迅深深地懷念呢?
七、訓練提升《導學案》
八、板書設計 阿長與《山海經(jīng)》
事情: 喜歡切切察察 睡覺擺“大”字 講“長毛”的故事 買《山海經(jīng)》
形象特征:饒舌多事 不拘小節(jié) 迷信但真誠、善良無知淳樸 關心愛護、熱 情,善良
第二課時
一、復習導入 : 長媽媽給人的初步印象是什么?(指名回答)
長媽媽喜歡饒舌多事、不拘小節(jié)。無知、淳樸,關心愛護我。那么,長媽媽 還具有哪些性格特征呢?最讓“我”對她產生敬意的是什么呢?
二、自主學習閱讀第 18-28 自然段思考 :
1、這里,作者詳細敘述了長媽媽為“我”買《山海經(jīng)》的經(jīng)過。指名學生復 述買書的起因、經(jīng)過、結果。事情的起因:“我”曾在遠房的叔祖那里看到過,后來一直渴慕著繪圖的《山海 經(jīng)》。可遠房叔祖那兒已無處可尋,買吧,又沒有好機會。因此,“我”對《山 海經(jīng)》一直念念不忘。經(jīng)過:阿長向“我”問《山海經(jīng)》的事,她告假回家以后的四五天,她將《山海 經(jīng)》給“我”買來了。結果:“我”深受感動,從而不由得對長媽媽產生了新的敬意。小結:文中用一個“霹靂”的比喻和詞語“震驚”寫出了“我”十分震驚的心 理,也表現(xiàn)了“殘’對長媽媽產生“新的敬意’物原因。作者得到繪圖 《山海經(jīng)》 的欣喜之態(tài)宛然可見。
2、當阿長來問《山海經(jīng)》是怎么一回事時,“我”是怎樣想的?這種想法表 現(xiàn)了“我”的什么心理?
3、當阿長說“哥兒,有畫兒的‘三哼經(jīng)’我給你買來了”,“我”有什么反 應?表現(xiàn)出怎樣的心情?
4、“這又使我發(fā)生新的敬意了,別人不肯做,或不能做的事,她卻能夠做成 功。她確有偉大的神力?!睘槭裁磿a生“新的敬意”?為什么說“她確有偉大 的神力”?
5、“這四本書,乃是我最初得到,最為心愛的寶書。”為什么這么說?
6、文中哪句話抒發(fā)了作者對長媽媽的懷念之情?
7、劃出描寫阿長的句子,判斷這些句子運用了哪幾種描寫方法?
8、分析“哥兒,有畫兒的‘三哼經(jīng)’我給你買來了”一句有哪些精妙之處,寫 出了人物的哪些特點?
三、小組合作交流 學生自由討論,老師歸納作答。明確
2、“我知道她并非學者,說了也無益; 但既然來問,也就都對她說了?!?說明我對從她那里得到《山海經(jīng)》沒抱任何希望,只是說說而已。
3、“我似乎遇著了一個霹靂,全體都震悚起來; 趕緊去接過來,打開紙包。” 說 明我聽到以后很震驚,很感動,表現(xiàn)了我極度驚喜、興奮的心情。
4、為我買來《山海經(jīng)》,她確有偉大的神力。別人不肯做,或不能做的事,她 卻能夠做成功。
5、這四本書雖然很粗拙,但卻是由一個誰也想不到的人我買來的,當時給了我 非常大的震動,讓我產生過感激和“新的敬意”
6、明確問題五:仁厚黑暗的地母啊,愿在你懷里永安她的魂靈!
7、明確問題六:“她穿著新的藍布衫回來了,??我給你買來了!”外貌描寫、神態(tài)描寫、動作描寫、語言描寫?!按┲碌乃{布衫”寫一人普通婦女的打扮。“一見面,就將一包書遞給我”寫她對我的關切、愛護之情?!案吲d”寫為我買來了而高興,可見長媽媽的仁慈、善良。“哥兒,有畫兒的‘三哼經(jīng)’我給你買來了!”寫出了一個淳樸、熱心、關愛孩 子的阿長。
8、“哥兒”的稱呼,有地方特色,但更透著阿長對我的親熱、疼愛之情?!叭?哼經(jīng)”的說法非常傳神地展現(xiàn)了一個不識字的普通婦女形象。但就是這么一個不 識字的人竟給我買到了《山海經(jīng)》,所以當聽了這話時,“似乎遇著了一個霹靂,全體都震悚起來。”就顯得真實自然,毫不夸張了。因此這處語言描寫生動傳神 地展現(xiàn)了阿長雖然不識字沒文化但卻淳樸、熱心、關愛孩子的形象特征,非常吻 合人物的特點。這部分圍繞阿長的淳樸熱心、關愛孩子的性格特點寫了阿長給我買《山海經(jīng)》一 事,通過具體的細節(jié)描寫,生動傳神地刻畫出了一個善良、仁慈、關愛孩子的長 媽媽的高大形象。
9、畫出文中表明作者對阿長的感情態(tài)度的詞句,比較前后有什么變化,這是一 種什么寫法,有什么好處? 感情變化: 討厭——敬意——憎惡——新的敬意——懷念(先抑)(后揚)提問:文中哪些地方抒寫了作者這種懷念之情?有感情地朗讀出來。明確: 最后兩個自然段,直接抒發(fā)了對長媽媽的深切懷念之情。文章最后一句“仁 厚黑暗的地母啊,愿在你的懷里永安她的魂靈!”這正是作者深沉懷念的真實寫 照。
四、質疑問難,課堂探究
1. 本文的記敘線索是什么? 本文是以作者的思想變化為線索的。
2. 為什么文題是“阿長與《山海經(jīng)》”,而文中卻寫了幾件似和《山海經(jīng)》無 直接聯(lián)系的事?記敘文的中心是作者通過記敘人和事體現(xiàn)出來的對生活的一定 看法。中心思想貫穿著文章始終,是文章的靈魂。作者是根據(jù)中心思想來選擇材 料和安排材料的。記敘文的詳略安排,是根據(jù)中心來確定的。對表現(xiàn)中心意思有較大作用的,為了 突出重點,就要詳細描述;與中心意思有些關系的次要材料就要寫得簡略些,詳 略配合得當,才能更好地突出主要人物和主要事件,更好地表達中心意思。略寫 往往是記敘文中的烘托部分,沒有略寫,文章內容就會呆板,頭緒就會不清,情 節(jié)就會不連貫。如果說詳寫是紅花,略寫就是不可 少的綠葉。如文中略寫的 “我”不大佩服阿長的三件事就起到了豐富文章內容,更全面完整地刻畫阿長這 個人物形象,增強文章的真實性的作用。
五、拓展延伸: 在你的童年生活中,有沒有像阿長這樣的給你留下深刻印象的普通人,你怎樣看 待他們,請用一二百字寫下來。
六、訓練提升 學生談收獲。學生總結本節(jié)課的收獲,可以從描寫方法、寫作方法、基礎知識、情感等 方面談。
七、總結: 總觀全文,作者先是“不大佩服”,后來發(fā)生“新的敬意”,到最后發(fā)出深 沉的祝福。作者用了先抑后揚的表現(xiàn)手法來刻畫阿長這一封建社會的普通勞動婦 女形象,刻畫出了一個淳樸熱情、善良仁慈、關愛小孩的長媽媽形象,抒發(fā)了自 己對長媽媽的尊敬、感激和思念之情及深深的懷念。
八、板書設計
感情變化:討厭——敬意——憎惡——新的敬意——懷念(先抑)(后揚)