第一篇：2018年成人高考高起點考試大綱數(shù)學

數(shù)學科考試旨在測試中學數(shù)學基礎(chǔ)知識、基本技能、基本方法，考查數(shù)學思維能力，包括空間想象直覺猜想、歸納抽象、符號表示、運算求解、演繹證明、體系構(gòu)建等，以及運用所學數(shù)學知識和方法分析問題和解決問題的能力?？荚嚪譃槔砉まr(nóng)醫(yī)和文史財經(jīng)兩類理工農(nóng)醫(yī)類。復習考試范圍包括代數(shù)、三角、平面解析幾何、立體幾何和概率與統(tǒng)計初步五部分。文史財經(jīng)類復習考試范圍包括代數(shù)、三角、平面解析幾何和概率與統(tǒng)計初步四部分?？荚囍锌梢允褂糜嬎闫鳎荚噧?nèi)容的知識要求和能力要求作如下說明：

1.知識要求

本大綱對所列知識提出了三個層次的不同要求，三個層次由低到高順序排列，且高一級層次要求包含低一級層次要求三個層次分別為，了解要求考生對所列知識的含義有初步的認識，識記有關(guān)內(nèi)容，并能進行直接運用理解、掌握、會要求考生對所列知識的含義有較深的認識，能夠解釋、舉例或變形、推斷，并能運用知識解決有關(guān)問題靈恬運用：要求考生對所列知識能夠綜臺運用，并能解決較為復雜的數(shù)學問題

2.能力要求

邏輯思維能力：舍對問題進行觀察、比較、分析、綜合、抽象與概括，會用演繹、歸納和類比進行推理，能準確、清晰、有條理地進行表述運算能力理解算理，會根據(jù)法則、公式、概念進行數(shù)式、方程的正確運算和變形，能分析條件，尋求與設(shè)計合理、簡捷的運算途徑，能根據(jù)要求對數(shù)據(jù)進行估計，能運用計算器進行數(shù)值計算空間想象能力：能根據(jù)條件畫出正確圖形，根據(jù)圖形想象出直觀形象;能正確地分析出圖形中基本元素及其相互關(guān)系，能對圖形進行分解、組合、變形分析問題和解決問題的能力：能閱讀理解對問題進行陳述的材料，能綜合應(yīng)用所學數(shù)學知識、思想和方法解決問題，包括解決在相關(guān)學科、生產(chǎn)、生活中的數(shù)學問題，并能用數(shù)學語言正確地加以表述。

一、復習考試內(nèi)容 理工農(nóng)醫(yī)類 第一部分 代 數(shù)(一)集合和簡易邏輯

1.了解集合的意義及其表示方法了解空集、全集、子集、交集、并集、補集的概念及其表示方法，了解符號?，=,∈，?的含義，并能運用這些符號表示集合與集臺、元素與集臺的關(guān)系

2.理解充分條件、必要條件、充分必要條件的概念(二)函數(shù)

1.理解函數(shù)概念，會求一些常見函數(shù)的定義域

2.了解函數(shù)的單調(diào)性和奇偶性的概念,會判斷一些常見由數(shù)的單詞性和奇偶性。

3.理解一次函數(shù)、反比例函數(shù)的概念，掌握它們的圖象和性質(zhì)，會求它們的解析式。4.理解二伙函數(shù)的概念，掌握它的圖象和性質(zhì)以及函數(shù)y=ax2÷bx+c(a≠0)與y=ax2(a≠0)的圖象間的關(guān)系，會求二次函數(shù)的解析式及最大值或最小值，能靈活運用二次函數(shù)的知識解決有關(guān)問題

5.了解反函數(shù)的意義，會求一些簡單函數(shù)的反函數(shù)

6.理解分數(shù)指數(shù)冪的概念，掌握有理指數(shù)冪的運算性質(zhì)掌握指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念、圖像和性質(zhì)。

7.理解對數(shù)的概念，掌握對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)、掌握對散函數(shù)的概念、圖象和性質(zhì)。

(三)不等式和不等式組

1.理解不等式的性質(zhì)，會用不等式的性質(zhì)和基本不等式a2+b2≥2ab(a,b∈R)，|a+b|≤|a2+b2|(a,b∈R)解決一些簡單的問題。

2.會解一元一次不等式、一元一次不等式組和可化為一元一次不等式組的不等式、會解一元一次不等式、會表示不等式或不等式組的解集

3.了解絕對值不等式的性質(zhì)，會解形如|ax+b|≥c和|ax+b|≤c的絕對值不等式

(四)數(shù)列

1.了解數(shù)列及其通項、前n項和的概念 2.理解等差數(shù)列、等差中項的概念，會靈活運用等差數(shù)列的通項公式、前n項和公式解決有關(guān)問題。

3.理解等比數(shù)列、等比中項的概念，會靈活運用等比數(shù)列的通頊公式、前n項和公式解決有關(guān)問題。

(五)復數(shù)

1.了解復數(shù)的概念及復數(shù)的代數(shù)表示和幾何意義 2.會進行復數(shù)的代數(shù)形式的加、減、乘、除運算(六)導數(shù)

1.了解函數(shù)極限的概念，了解函數(shù)連續(xù)的意義 2.理解導數(shù)的概念及其幾何意義

3.會用基本導數(shù)公式(y=c，y=x2(n為有理數(shù))，y=sinx，y=cosx,y=c2的導數(shù))，掌握兩個函數(shù)和、差、積、商的求導法則。

4.理解極大值、極小值、最大值、最小值的概念，并會用導數(shù)求有關(guān)函數(shù)的單調(diào)區(qū)間、極大值、極小值及閉區(qū)間上的最大值和最小值

5.會求有關(guān)曲線的切線方程，會用導數(shù)求簡單實際問題的最大值與最小值 第二部分 三 角

(一)三角函數(shù)及其有關(guān)概念 l.了解任意角的概念，理解象限角和終邊相同的角的概念。2.理解弧度的概念，會進行弧度與角度的換算

3.理解任意角三角函數(shù)的概念，了解三角函數(shù)在各象限的符號和特殊角的三角函數(shù)值。

(二)三角函數(shù)式的變換

l.掌握同角三角函數(shù)間的基本關(guān)系式、誘導公式，會用它們進行計算、化簡和證明

2.掌握兩角和、兩角差、二倍角的正弦、余弦、正切的公式，會用它們進行計算、化簡和證明。

(三)三角函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)

l.掌握正弦函數(shù)、余弦函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)，會用這兩個函數(shù)的性質(zhì)(定義域、值域、周期性、奇偶性和單調(diào)性)解決有關(guān)問題

2.了解正切函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)

3.了解函數(shù)y=Asin(ωx+θ)與y=sinx的圖象之間的關(guān)系,會用‘"五點法”畫出它們的簡圖，會求函數(shù)y=Asin(ωx+θ)的周期、最大值和最小值

4.會由已知三角函數(shù)值求角，井會用符號arcsinx，arccosx，arctanx表示。(四)解三角形

l.掌握直角三角形的邊角關(guān)系，會用它們解直角三角形及應(yīng)用題。2.掌握正弦定理和余弦定理，會用它們解斜三角形及簡單應(yīng)用題。第三部分平面解析幾何(一)平面向量

l.理解向量的概念，掌握向量的幾何表示，了解共線向量的概念。

2.掌握向量的加、減運算，掌握數(shù)乘向量的運算，了解兩個向量共線的條件。3.了解平面向量的分解定理，掌握直線的向量參數(shù)方程。

4.掌握向量數(shù)量積運算，了解其幾何意義和在處理長度、角度及垂直問題的應(yīng)用。掌握向量垂直的條件。

5.掌握向量的直角坐標的概念，掌握向量的坐標運算 6.掌握平面內(nèi)兩點間的距離公式、線段的中點公式和平移公式(二)直線

l.理解直線的傾斜角和斜率的概念，會求直線的斜率平行垂直夾角等幾何問題

(三)多面體和旋轉(zhuǎn)體

l.了解直棱柱正棱柱的概念、性質(zhì)，會計算它們的體積 2.了解棱錐、正棱錐的概念、性質(zhì)，會計算它們的體積 3.了解球的概念、性質(zhì)，會計算球面面積和球體體積 第四部分 概率與統(tǒng)計初步(一)排列、組臺與二項式定理 1.了解分類計數(shù)原理和分步計數(shù)原理

2.理解排列、組合的意義，掌握排列數(shù)、組合數(shù)的計算公式 3.會解排列、組合的簡單應(yīng)用題

4.了解二項式定理，會用二項展開式的性質(zhì)和通項公式解次簡單問題(二)概率初步

1.了解隨機事件及其概率的意義

2.了解等可能性事件的概率的意義，會用計數(shù)方法和排列組合基本公式計算一些等可能性事件的概率

3.了解互斥事件的意義，會用互斥事件的概卑加法公式計算一些事件的概率 4.了解相互獨立事件的意義，會用相互獨立事件的概率乘法公式計算～些事件的概率

5.會計算事件在n獨立重復試驗中恰好發(fā)生k次的概率

6.了解離散型隨機變量及其期望的意義，會根據(jù)離散型隨機變量的分布列求出期望值

(三)統(tǒng)計初步 了解總體和樣本的概念，會計算樣本平均數(shù)和樣本方差 文史財經(jīng)類 第一部分 代 數(shù)(一>集合和簡易邏輯.了解集臺的意義及其表示方法,了解空集、全集、子集、交集并集、補集的概念及其表示方法，了解符號?，=,∈，?的含義，并能運用這些符號表示集合與集合、元素與集合的關(guān)系

2.了解充分條件、必要條件、充分必要條件的概念(二)函數(shù)

1.了解函數(shù)概念，會求一些常見函數(shù)的定義域

2.了解函數(shù)的單調(diào)性和奇偶性的概念，會判斷一些常見函數(shù)的單調(diào)性和奇偶性

3.理解一次性函數(shù)、反比例函數(shù)的概念，掌握它們的圖象和性質(zhì)，會求它們的解析式。

4.理解二次函數(shù)的概念，掌握它的圖象和性質(zhì)以及函數(shù)y=ax+bx+c(a≠0)與y=ax2(a#0)的圖象間的關(guān)系，會求二次函數(shù)的解析式及最大值或最小值，能運用二次函數(shù)的知識解決有關(guān)問題 5.理解分數(shù)指數(shù)冪的概念，掌握有理指數(shù)冪的運算性質(zhì)，掌握指數(shù)函數(shù)的概念、圖象和性質(zhì)。

6.理解對數(shù)的概念，掌握對數(shù)的運算性質(zhì)，掌握對數(shù)函數(shù)的概念、圖象和性質(zhì)

(三)不等式和不等式組

l.了解不等式的性質(zhì)，會解一元-次不等式、一元一次不等式組和可化為一元一次不等式組的不等式，舍解一元二次不等式。會表示不等式或不等式組的解集

2.會解形如|ax+b|≥c和|ax+b|≤c的絕對值不等式(四)數(shù)列

1.了解數(shù)列及其通項、前n項和的概念

2.理解等差數(shù)列、等差中項的概念，會運用等差數(shù)列的通項公式前n項和公式解決有劃題

3.理解等比數(shù)列、等比中項的概念，會運用等比數(shù)列的通項公式、前n項和公式解決有關(guān)問題

(五)導數(shù)

1.理解導數(shù)的概念及其幾何意義

2.掌握面數(shù)y=c(c為常數(shù)).y=x2“(n∈N+)的導數(shù)公式，會求多項式函數(shù)的導數(shù) 3.了解極大值、極小值、最大值、最小值的概念，并會用導數(shù)求多項式函數(shù)的單調(diào)區(qū)間、極大值、極小值及閉區(qū)間上的最大值和最小值

4.會求有關(guān)曲線的切線方程，會用導數(shù)求簡單實際問題的最大值與最小值 第二部分 三 角

(一)三角函數(shù)及其有關(guān)概念

1.了解任意角的概念，理解象限角和終邊相同的角的概念 2.了解弧度的概念，會進行弧度與角度的換算

3.理解任意角三角函數(shù)的概念，了解三角函數(shù)在各象限的符號和特殊角的三角函數(shù)值

(二)三角函數(shù)式的變換

l.掌握同角三角函數(shù)間的基本關(guān)系式、誘導公式，會運用它們進行計算、化簡和證明。

2.掌握兩角和兩角差、二倍角的正弦、余弦、正切的公式，會用它們進行計算、化簡和證明

(三)三角函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)

1.掌握正弦函數(shù)、余弦函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)，會用這兩個函數(shù)的性質(zhì)(定義域、值域、周期性、奇偶性和單調(diào)性)解決有關(guān)問題

2.了解正切函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì) 3.會求函數(shù)y=Asin(ωx+θ)的周期、最大值和最小值，會由已知二角函數(shù)值求角，并會用符號arcsinx，arccosx，arctanx.(四)解三角形

l.掌握直角三角形的邊角關(guān)系，會用它們解直角三角形 2.掌握正弦定理和余弦定理，會用它們解斜三角形 第三部分平面解析幾何(一)平面向量

1.理解向量的概念，掌握向量的幾何表示，了解共線向量的概念 2.掌握向量的加、減運算掌握數(shù)乘向量的運算了解兩個向量共線的條件 3.了解平面向量的分解定理

4.掌握向量的數(shù)量積運算，了解其幾何意義和在處理長度、角度及垂直問題的應(yīng)用 了解向最垂直的條件

5.了解向量的直角坐標的概念，掌握向量的坐標運算 6.掌握平面內(nèi)兩點間的距離公式、線段的中點公式和平移公式(二)直線

1.理解直線的傾斜角和斜率的概念，會求直線的斜率。2.會求直線方程，會用直線方程解決有關(guān)問題 3.了解兩條直線平行與垂直的條件以及點到直線的距離公式，會用它們解決簡單的問題

(三)圓錐曲線

1.了解曲線和方程的關(guān)系，會求兩條曲線的交點

2.掌握圓的標準方程和一般方程以及直線與圓的位置關(guān)系，能靈活運用它們解決有關(guān)問題

3.理解橢圓、雙曲線、拋物線的概念，掌握它們的標準方程和性質(zhì)，會用它們解決有關(guān)問題

第四部分 概率與統(tǒng)計初步(一)排列、組臺

l.了解分類計數(shù)原理和分步計數(shù)原理

2.了解排列、組合的意義，會用排列數(shù)、組合數(shù)的計算公式 3.會解排列、組合的簡單應(yīng)用題(二)概率初步

1.了解隨機事件及其概率的意義

2.了解等可能性事件的概率的意義，會用計數(shù)方法和排列組合基本公式計算一些等可能性事件的概率 3.了解互斥事件的意義，會用互斥事件的概率加j去公式計算一些事件的概率

4.了解相互獨立事件的意義，會用相互獨立事件的概率乘法公式計算一些事件的概率

5.會計算事件在n次獨立重復試驗中恰好發(fā)生k次的概率(三)統(tǒng)計初步

了解總體和樣本的概念，會計算樣本平均數(shù)和樣本方差.

第二篇：2014年成人高考高起點數(shù)學(文)考試真題及參考答案

2014年成人高考高起點數(shù)學（文）考試真題及參考答案

一、選擇題(本大題共17小題，每小題5分，共85分.在每小題給出的四個選項中。只有一項是符合題目要求的)

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二、填空題(本大題共4小題。每小題4分，共16分)

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三、解答題(本大題共4小題。共49分.解答應(yīng)寫出推理、演算步驟)

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第三篇：2011成人高考高起點語文作文

成考高起點語文作文輔導范文精選

范文1

金牌不是年輕人的專利

——摘自競報

北京奧運會，精彩紛呈。老樹新花，分外美麗。

媽媽選手、久經(jīng)沙場、傷痕累累??她們克服了常人難以克服的困難，以堅強的意志、迷人的風采征服了觀眾，很好地詮釋了奧林匹克格言“更快、更高、更強”。

冼東妹，33歲，北京奧運會女子柔道52公斤級冠軍。她的女兒已兩歲，是一名媽媽選手。柔道運動，跌打滾爬，強度大，難度大。雅典奧運會奪冠后，冼東妹曾經(jīng)退役，但祖國的召喚、對柔道的熱愛，使冼東妹義無反顧地復出。19年的柔道生涯，使冼東妹傷痕累累，但她無悔地堅持。在本屆奧運會奪冠后，冼東妹笑得非常燦爛。金牌，是對她最好的回報。

陳艷青，29歲，北京奧運會女子舉重58公斤級冠軍。陳艷青在北京刷新了挺舉和總成績奧運會紀錄，傲視群芳。她是女子舉重列為奧運會正式比賽項目后，第一個蟬聯(lián)冠軍的英雄。在一次次艱難突破，一次次奪冠后，陳艷青在舉重臺上度過了一個個春秋，三次退役，又三次復出，奪冠時，身上還有三顆鋼釘。金牌掛胸前，陳艷青笑得非常欣慰。她告訴人們：吃苦越多，回味起來越甜。

若干年后，人們可能還會記得著名羽毛球運動員張寧含淚的笑。張寧，33歲，雅典奧運會羽毛球女單冠軍。在本屆奧運會上，張寧幾乎每贏一場比賽，都像奪冠那樣激動，那樣眼含熱淚。羽毛球運動對體力的要求極高，每場比賽，隔網(wǎng)激戰(zhàn)的對手往往都比她小十來歲，用體力拖垮奧運冠軍是她們共同的策略。但每次，張寧都挺住了，最終戰(zhàn)勝謝杏芳奪取女單金牌。張寧含淚的笑讓人難忘，輕輕羽毛，承載了太多的追求和希望。

老將之路，充滿艱辛、傳奇。成功者的足跡讓人傳頌，失敗者的努力也讓人敬佩。擊劍運動員欒菊杰在比賽第二輪就被淘汰，但人們照樣把掌聲送給她。欒菊杰已經(jīng)50歲，在奧運會擊劍比賽中見到這樣高齡的選手，簡直不可思議，但欒菊杰做到了。第一輪，她迎戰(zhàn)突尼斯選手布貝克里，以13比9獲勝，對手整整比她小了30歲。24年前，欒菊杰在洛杉磯奧運會上為中國奪得首枚奧運會擊劍金牌，如今，為了實現(xiàn)回祖國參加奧運會的夢想，欒菊杰創(chuàng)造了劍壇奇跡。

長江后浪推前浪，令人高興;賽場老樹開新花，也成佳話。

新華社記者朱國賢

2011成人高考高起點語文作文范文二

勝利或是失敗 總會一起分享和承擔：師與徒

一日為師，終身為父。師徒之情真是難以用言語來形容。

面對徒兒的勝利和失敗，做“父親”的心情也像倒了五味瓶。

中國男子體操隊時隔八年重新奪回男子團體金牌之后，隊員們紛紛將金牌摘下，掛到了師傅黃玉斌的胸前。

因為小伙子們知道，為了這枚金牌，黃玉斌操勞得頭發(fā)都花白了，甚至賽前都放話說，“金牌不超雅典，我就跳樓”。

師傅對他們的付出，小伙子們都看在眼里記在心里。而身掛金牌的黃玉斌此時一定比自己獲得金牌還開心。

而女子飛碟多向決賽中，斯洛伐克選手蘇珊娜·什特費采科娃獲得銀牌，賽后，她給自己的教練獻上一吻，以表達對師傅的感激之情。

對師傅的感激還有另類的表現(xiàn)方式，意大利摔跤選手安德烈亞·明古齊在奪得男子古典式摔跤84公斤級金牌后，就給自己的師傅來了一個大背摔。當然，不是所有的師傅都能分享到徒弟的勝利喜悅。

在男子舉重69公斤級的比賽中，法國大力士達拜亞在最后一次挺舉中沒能成功，只能屈居中國大力士廖輝之后得到一枚銀牌。場下，他的教練失望至極仰天長嘆。

2011成人高考高起點語文作文范文三

失誤很離奇失敗亦傳奇

當埃蒙斯再次把金牌“送”給中國人的時候，有人建議授予他“中美友好使者”稱號，亦有人親切地稱呼其為“當代白求恩”。這當然是開玩笑，但是，埃蒙斯兩次奧運會把唾手可得的金牌讓給中國的事情，確實也太離奇了。

四年前的雅典奧運會，天才小子埃蒙斯一路以絕對優(yōu)勢領(lǐng)先，眼看到最后一槍了，卻把子彈射向了中國選手賈占波的靶位，其情其景至今令人記憶猶新。因此，當昨天埃蒙斯再次一路領(lǐng)先，再次到了放最后一槍的時候，雖然身為中國隊的忠實擁躉，我還是忍不住說了句：老兄這次千萬別再脫靶！

毫無疑問，這一刻，在全世界，肯定有不計其數(shù)的觀眾懷有此種想法?？伤坪鯕v史注定要重演，埃蒙斯的最后一槍出現(xiàn)了一個和脫靶性質(zhì)幾乎同樣嚴重的失誤，只得了4.4環(huán)！

目睹此景，我瞠目結(jié)舌，解說員瞠目結(jié)舌，埃蒙斯的妻子、捷克美女、本屆奧運會首金獲得者卡特琳娜瞠目結(jié)舌。

而埃蒙斯，哭了。

我想，即使樂于看到邱健奪冠的中國觀眾，在這一刻，肯定也是驚愕多于驚喜，困惑多于快活。

金庸老先生的著作《天龍八部》曾記述，北宋年間，在大理國首都附近曾有過一次驚心動魄程度絲毫不亞于邱、埃之戰(zhàn)的競技比賽。當時，一方是佛教高人黃眉老僧，一方是四大惡人之首延慶太子，比賽項目是圍棋，段延慶一路遙遙領(lǐng)先，眼看就要大獲全勝之刻，卻離奇地失手自滅一目，以致全盤皆輸。

彼時，面對意外結(jié)局，延慶太子一言不發(fā)，翩然而去，認賭服輸，頗有高手風范；今次，埃蒙斯拭去淚水之后，更以真誠擁抱向邱健表示祝賀，盡顯體育風度。

從雅典奧運會的脫靶，到本次奧運會的4.4環(huán)，埃蒙斯確實是有點郁悶。但反過來一想，雖然他始終與金牌無緣，但因為上次脫靶卻尋得鴛鴦伴侶，此次失誤更將使其永銘于奧運史冊，從創(chuàng)造傳奇的角度講，埃蒙斯并非失敗者。

在奧運會諸多比賽中，射擊一直是個冷門項目，與田徑游泳等熱門相比，所獲關(guān)注甚少。但我想，如果埃蒙斯有幸參加下屆倫敦奧運會，出槍之時，一定會有無數(shù)媒體蜂擁而至。

正如顧拜旦所講，對人生而言，重要的絕非凱旋而是戰(zhàn)斗，參與將比取勝更重要。從雅典到北京，埃蒙斯雖然在最后一刻被命運之神兩次捉弄，但在觀眾眼里，其實力已不容質(zhì)疑，而那優(yōu)雅的“輸金不輸人”的體育風度，更將會與這段傳奇一起被載入奧運史冊。

埃蒙斯的故事，再次向人們證實，體育之所以有魅力，奧運會之所以被稱作人類最偉大的盛會，不單單是因為那些創(chuàng)造紀錄的輝煌時刻，更因為它有這些失敗的傳奇，它們跌宕起伏，令人回腸蕩氣，小小賽場，便是人生的真實再現(xiàn)。最后以一句中國歌詞贈給馬修·埃蒙斯先生：“論成敗，人生豪邁，只不過是從頭再來”。期待倫敦再見你。

第四篇：成人高考高起點《英語》基礎(chǔ)訓練

一、語音知識（共5小題;每題1、5分，共7、5分。）

在下列每組單詞中，有一個單詞的劃線部分與其他單詞的劃線部分的讀音不同。找出這個詞，并把它前面的大寫字母填入左邊括弧里。

（）

1、A、across B、away C、agree D、able

（）

2、A、training B、brain C、remain D、said

（）

3、A、cow B、throw C、low D、own

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4、A、pleasure B、sure C、Russia D、procession

（）

5、A、till B、wide C、polite D、decide

二、詞匯與語法知識（共25小題;每題1、5分，共37、5分。）

從每小題的四個選擇項中，選出最佳的一項，并把它前面的大寫字母填入左邊的括弧里。

（）

6、The flowers in our school _______ the beauty of our campus、A、add B、add to C、add up to D、add up

（）

7、The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him _______、A、not to B、not to do C、not do it D、do not to

（）

8、She thought I was talking about her daughter，______，in fact，I was talking about my daughter、A、whom B、where C、which D、while

（）

9、You don‘t need to describe her、I _______ her several times、A、had met B、have met C、met D、meet

（）

10、Can you believe that in _______ a rich country _______ there should be many poor people？

A、such;such B、such;so C、so;so D、so;such

（）

11、Paul doesn‘t have to be made ________、He always works hard、A、learn B、to learn C、learned D、learning

（）

12、—There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well、—It _______ a comfortable journey、A、can‘t be B、shouldn’t be C、mustn‘t have been D、couldn’t have been

（）

13、If by any chance someone comes to see me，ask them to leave a _______、A、message B、letter C、sentence D、notice

（）

14、_______，Mother will wait for him to have dinner together、A、However late is he B、However he is late

C、However is he late D、However late he is

（）

15、Alice，why didn‘t you come yesterday？

I，but I had an unexpected visitor、A、had B、would C、was going to D、did

（）

16、—Who is Jerry Cooper？

— _______？ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting、A、Don‘t you meet him yet B、Hadn’t you met him yet

C、Didn‘t you meet him yet D、Haven’t you met him yet

（）

17、We agreed ________ here but so far she hasn‘t turned up yet、A、having met B、meeting C、to meet D、to have met

（）

18、What did you think of her speech？

She _______for one hour but didn‘t _______ much、A、spoke;speak B、spoke;say C、said;speak D、said;say

（）

19、After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _______ he grew

up as a child、A、which B、where C、that D、when

（）20、As she _______ the newspaper，Granny ________ asleep、A、read;was falling B、was reading;fell

C、was reading;was falling D、read;fell

（）

21、How beautifully she sings！I have never heard ________、A、the better voice B、a good voice

C、the best voice D、a better voice

（）

22、Wait till you are more ________、It‘s better to be sure than sorry、A、inspired B、satisfied C、calm D、certain

（）

23、—Hi，Tracy，you look tired、—I am tired、I _______ the living room all day、A、painted B、had painted C、have been painting D、have painted

（）

24、—How was your recent visit to Qingdao？

—It was great、We visited some friends，and spent the _______ days at the seaside、A、few last sunny B、last few sunny

C、last sunny few D、few sunny last

（）

25、I first met Lisa three years ago、She ________ at a radio shop at the time、A、has worked B、was working C、had been working D、had worked

（）

26、—When can I come for the photos？ I need them tomorrow afternoon、—They _______ be ready by 12：00、A、can B、should C、might D、need

（）

27、Yesterday Alice ________ a wallet on her way to school、A、picked up B、picked out C、throw away D、kick away

（）

28、While standing there，the nice girl found the stranger‘s eyes _______ her、A、fixed up B、looked at C、stared at D、glared at

（）

29、_______ we‘ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather、A、If B、Whether C、That D、Where

（）30、The girl cried out： “I ________ go out today、”

A、had better not to B、had rather not

C、would rather not to D、would rather not

三、完形填空（共20小題;每題1、5分，共30分。）

通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意。從每小題的四個選項中選出可填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選擇，并把它前面的大寫字母填入左邊括號里。

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago，we should probably have to say that we could not remember、But if we had kept a book and written in it an account of _31_ each day，we should be able to give an answer _32_ the question、It is the same in the history、_33_ have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them、Sometimes men _34_ a record of the important happenings in _35_ country，_36_ often it was destroyed by fire or in a war、Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people _37_ did not know how to write、For example，we know _38_ the people who lived in China 4，000 years ago，because they could write and _39_ written records for these who live _40_ them、But we know _41_ nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in Central Africa，because they _42_、Sometimes，of course，even if the people cannot write，they may know something of the past、They have learned about it from _43_ people，and often songs and dances and stories have been made about the most important happenings，and these have been sung and acted and told _44_ many generations（後代）。Most people are proud to tell _45_ their fathers did in the past、This we may call “remembered history”。_46_ has now been written down、It is not so exact _47_ so valuable to us _48_ written history is，because words are much more easily _49_ when used again and again in speech than copied in writing、But _50_ no written records，such spoken stories are often very helpful、（）

31、A、what to do B、what we did C、how to do D、how we did

（）

32、A、for B、in C、on D、to

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33、A、all things B、Many things C、More D、Much

（）

34、A、did keep B、should keep C、would keep D、were keeping

（）

35、A、our B、your C、their D、his

（）

36、A、still B、but C、even D、or

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37、A、when and where B、of when and where

C、that time and place D、of that time and place

（）

38、A、a good deal about B、a lot of about

C、many D、much

（）

39、A、left B、gave C、leave D、send

（）40、A、before B、after C、later D、for

（）

41、A、almost B、most C、at most D、mostly

（）

42、A、have not learned to write B、have learned to write

C、had learned how to write D、had not learned to write

（）

43、A、older B、the oldest C、outside D、most

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44、A、by B、about C、for D、within

（）

45、A、how B、which C、that D、what

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46、A、Some of it B、Some of them C、All of it D、Many of them

（）

47、A、and B、or C、yet D、even

（）

48、A、as B、that C、such D、so

（）

49、A、moved B、forgotten C、recited D、changed

（）50、A、where B、there

C、where there are D、where they are

四、閱讀理解（共15小題;每題2分，共30分。）

閱讀下列短文，然后根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從每小題的四個選擇項中選出最佳的一項，并把它前面的大寫字母填入左邊的括弧里。

A

First there was learning、This has always been an important part of human life、By imitating their parents，children learned to hunt，to make tools，and to take care of themselves and others、Next came education、This was possible only after people developed language、Then adults could explain how to do things、They could talk about traditions，beliefs，and ceremonies of the group、Still，education was oral、Children could learn only what their teachers could remember、Finally，schools were created、They came into being because writing was invented、The first system for writing appeared about 3，500 B、C、in Sumeria，a land that is now Iraq、The Sumerians also invented a system for calculating with numbers、About 500 years later，the Egyptians discovered writing and calculation，too、And shortly after that，both the Sumerians and the Egyptians started schools、Being able to read and write they allowed people to learn anything that could be recorded、But the early systems were complicated、Children couldn‘t learn them just by watching、That’s why schools became a necessity、Those first students learned reading，writing，and calculation、Having these skills gave people great power over those who did not have them、Some 5，000 years later，this is still true、（）

51、The main idea of this article is that schools ________、A、had great power B、became necessary for learning

C、taught children to hunt D、developed language

（）

52、You can decide from the article that schools have ________、A、made education difficult B、held back learning

C、imitated parents D、advanced human skills

（）

53、What happened before Egyptians discovered calculation？

A、Egyptians discovered writing、B、Egyptians started schools、C、Sumerians invented writing、D、Sumerians started schools、（）

54、Education became possible only with the development of _______、A、learning B、language C、calculation D、clocks

B

Once a landlord wanted to plant garlic in his fields、He found a group of boys and asked them to do the work for him、At lunch time he did not invite the boys to have lunch with his family、The boys had to sit by the door and have lunch on the ground、The landlord was afraid that other people would see the bad food for the boys、So with a smile on his face he said to them： “Boys，go and eat in the house、This is for your food、If you eat here by the door，the dogs will bite you、” The boys were surprised、But they said nothing and went to eat in the house、The landlord was quite pleased、Supper time came and the boys went into the house again、When they walked past the landlord‘s room，they looked in through the window、What do you think they saw there？ They saw a big table with white bread and all kinds of good food on it、The landlord and his family were sitting around the table and eating their dinner、But the food for the boys was bad、The boys were very angry、They wanted to teach the landlord a lesson、So they decided to plant his garlic upside down、And that was what they did the next day、A few days later the garlic was coming out everywhere but not in the landlord‘s fields、The landlord was very surprised and asked the boys why this was so、“The garlic is afraid that the dogs will bite it，” the boys answered、（）

55、The landlord asked the boys to come because ________、A、he wanted them to plant garlic for him

B、he wanted to invite them to have lunch with his family

C、he wanted to tell them to sit by the door

D、he wanted them to plant vegetables for him

（）

56、The landlord asked the boys to eat in the house because _______、A、he was afraid the dog would eat their food

B、he was afraid the dog would bite them

C、he thought other people would see the bad food for the boys

D、he was afraid the boys would play with the dog

（）

57、The next day the boys planted the landlord‘s garlic upside down because _______、A、they did not know how to plant it

B、they wanted to teach the landlord a lesson

C、they were afraid the dogs would bite it

D、they made a mistake

（）

58、A few days later the landlord‘s garlic did not come out because ________、A、the garlic was afraid the dogs would bite it

B、the boys had planted it upside down

C、the boys had not planted it at all

D、the boys had not watered it

C

The International Olympic Committee（IOC）said on February 9 it would award its highest honour to Arthur Ashe，the tennis star and human rights fighter who died on February 6 of AIDS、He was

49、The award，called the Olympic Order，is awarded to sportsmen and others for service to the Olympics and its principled、Ashe never participated in the Olympics，but IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch said： “I think he was really a thorough Olympian、”

Ashe is the first black man to win Wimbledon and the only black to win the Australian US open titles、Last April 8，he announced he had AIDS，which he got from a blood transfusion during a heart operation in 1983、Ashe often worked for racial equality in and out of sports、He said the happiest moment of his life was not winning Wimbledon，but when Nelson Mandela—South Africa‘s antiapartheid（反種族隔離的）leader—was freed from jail in 1990、A quote from Ashe： “I have good days and bad days、My ratio of good days to bad days is about six to one、”

（）

59、The underlined word “award” in the first paragraph means “________”。

A、send a telegraph B、give a prize

C、congratulate somebody D、be in memory of somebody

（）60、Arthur Ashe ________、A、won Olympic gold medals in tennis

B、took part in several Olympic Games

C、was a famous sportsman in the Olympic Games which was held in South Africa

D、had not been in any Olympic games

（）61、________ made Ashe happier than anything else、A、Nelson Mandela‘s freedom

B、Winning the Australian US open titles

C、Juan Antonio Samaranch‘ s congratulation

D、His good days in his life

（）62、Which is correct？

A、There were as many good days in his life as bad days、B、His good days were equal to his bad days、C、He had more good days in all his life than bad days、D、He had six good days in all his life、D

For some time past，it has been widely accepted that babies—and other creatures—learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”，there is no reason to doubt that this is true、But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards，at least in the early time，had to be directly connected to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger、In other words，a baby would learn if he needed food or drink or some sort of physical comfort，not otherwise、It is now clear that this is not so、Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except success in sight、Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some movements，such as turning the head to one side or the other、Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making，the learned response with clear signs of pleasure、So he began to study the children‘s responses in situations where no milk was provided、He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “turned on” some lights—and indeed that they were able to learn some more turns to bring about this result，for example，two left or two right，or even to make as many as three turns to one side、Papousek‘ s light experiment was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the light closely although they would “smile and speak” when the light was on、Papousek concluded that it was not the sight of the lights which pleased them、It was the success they were achieving in solving the problem，in mastering the skill，and then there is a basic human nature to make sense of the world and bring it under control、（）63、According to the writer，babies learn to do things which _______、A、will satisfy their surprise B、will meet their physical needs

C、are directly connected to pleasure D、will bring them a feeling of success

（）64、Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby _________、A、would make learned responses when it saw the milk

B、would continue the simple movements without being given milk

C、would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink

D、would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink

（）65、The babies would “smile and speak” at the lights because ________、A、they succeeded in “turning on” the lights

B、the sight of lights was interesting

C、they need not turn back to watch the lights

D、the lights were directly connected to some basic “drives”

五、補全對話（共5句;每句滿分為3分，共15分。）

根據(jù)中文提示，將對話中缺少的內(nèi)容下在線上。這些句子必須符合英語表達習慣。打句號的地方，用陳述句;打問號的地方，用疑問句。

提示：Joe和Henry談起報上的一篇文章，Henry問什么報，什么文章。他沒用讀完這篇文章，但標識下午要讀，然后告別。

Joe ：Hi，have you read today‘s newspaper？

Henry：_________66___________？

Joe ：The People‘s Daily、Henry：________67__________、But I only looked through it while having lunch、Joe ：Did you notice an interesting article？

Henry：___________68___________？

Joe ：About air pollution、Henry：________69__________、On which page？

Joe ：On page

5、At the bottom、Henry：Good、I‘ll read it this afternoon、Joe ：Don‘t forget to tell me what you think after reading it、Henry：Sure、__________70__________、Joe ：See you、六、書面表達（共30分）

寫一篇記述在海濱度周末的日記，內(nèi)容包括以下幾點：初夏，風和日麗;有很多游人和小船，我門撿貝殼（shell）;日光?。╯un bathe）玩得很愉快。

注意：（1）行文要流暢;

（2）要符合日記的格式;

（3）詞數(shù)為100左右。

參考答案

一、語音知識

1、D

2、D

3、A

4、A

5、A

二、詞匯與語法知識

6、A

7、A

8、D

9、B

10、B

11、B

12、D13、A

14、D

15、C

16、D

17、C

18、B

19、B20、B

21、D

22、D

23、C

24、B

25、B

26、B27、A

28、C

29、B 30、D

三、完形填空

31、B

32、D

33、B

34、A

35、C

36、B

37、D38、A

39、C 40、B

41、A

42、D

43、A

44、C45、D

46、A

47、B

48、A

49、D 50、C

四、閱讀理解

51、B

52、D

53、C

54、B

55、A

56、C

57、B58、B

59、B 60、D 61、A 62、C 63、D 64、B65、A

五、補全對話

76、Which one（do you mean）

77、Yes，I did78、What article / What is it about79、Sorry，I didn‘t80、See you later

六、書面表達

June 18，2002，Saturday Fine

Yesterday some of my classmates and I spent our weekend at the seaside、It was sunny and a little hot，but the water was too cool to swim in、The sea was blue and calm、It shone merrily under the bright sun、There were boats floating here and there、People in them laughed and sang happily、We took off our shoes and went into the cool water、We walked along the beach in the water、Some girls looked for shells on the shore、Then we lay down and bathed in the sun or played games until it was time to go home、We all enjoyed a pleasant time at the seaside、

第五篇：成人高考高起點英語寫作

成人高考高起點英語寫作范文

（一）Directions：

A.Title：What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below：

1.每個中國人都盼望中國加入世界貿(mào)易組織。

2.a.加入世貿(mào)組織，國家和人民都將大大受益； b.加入世貿(mào)組織，也會帶來一些不利影響，如國有企業(yè)將面臨更大的挑戰(zhàn)。

3.對中國加入世貿(mào)組織感到欣喜之余，我們也應(yīng)看到隨之而來的一些挑戰(zhàn)。例文： What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

Every Chinese is looking forward to China“s entry into WTO，widely seen as a blessing and a promise of prosperity.It seems to be so at first sight，however，on reflection，we”re convinced that it“s just another coin with two sides.On the one hand，both the nation and people will benefit greatly from China“s entry into WTO.Shut out of WTO，China Dused to be deprived of equal trade opportunities and was placed at a distinct disadvantage in world trade.This situation will change if China enters WTO.In addition，foreign coMPAnies will stream into China and offer great job opportunities，which，in a sense，will relieve the unemployment problem.On the other hand，the entry will impose some negative effects on China.State-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties，which will be more acute with the flow of foreign competitors into China.In short，excited about the advantages caused by the entry，we should not lose sight of the severe challenges posed by it.成人高考高起點英語寫作范文

（二）Directions：

A.Title： Fast Food

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese blew：

1.快餐在中國十分流行，它是現(xiàn)代快節(jié)奏社會的最佳反映。

2.a.快餐受歡迎有兩條原因；b.然而，從營養(yǎng)角度來講，快餐卻差強人意；3.對快餐還是以偶爾品嘗為宜。

例文： Fast Food

Fast food is becoming more popular in China，especially among children and teenagers.Today，it“s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that

represents the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First，it is very convenient

and saves a lot of time.The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal ？D？

D saving time，and fast food well serves this purpose.You just go

into a fast food restaurant，order your food，and your food is ready in no time.You can either eat it there or take it away.Second，its popularity is also attributed to the clean and comfortable environment of fast food restaurants，the excellent service，and the guaranteed qualith of food.However，in terms of nutrition，fast food is far from satisfactory.It usually

does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value.Thus，doctors suggest that people，especially children，eat fast food as little as possible.Although cooking at home is time ？

D consuming and the following washing-up tiresome，it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while.成人高考高起點英語寫作范文

（三）Direction：

A.Write an essay that conveys the information in the following cartoon accoMPAnied by your comments.B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your eassy should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2

營生

祖上以打獵為生

爺爺以賣上等木材為生

父親以賣劈柴和柴墩為生

兒子以賣根雕原料為生

孫子以賣黃沙為生……

例文： Preserving Natural Resources

Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several

generations，the cartoon aims at sounding a warning against man“s wasteful use

of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources.Ever since man appeared on the earth，man“s survival has been heavily relied

on nature.Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature，ranging

from the food we eat，the water we drink，to the wood which is turned into furiture.With the development of technology and population growth，the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate.However，natural resources are

not inexhaustible.Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is

no hope of replacing them.The widespread water shortage is an example in point.If

man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future，the

later generations would end up selling sand，as is the case in the cartoon，and

the whole world would be in a mess.Time is running out.It is up to us to take effective measures before the

situation gets out of hand.2010年成人高考高起點英語語法歸納一：人稱代詞

人稱代詞

一、主格人稱代詞有I，we，you，he，she，they，it，主格人稱代詞就是在句中充

當主語和表語的代詞

二、賓格人稱代詞有me，us，you，him，her，them，it，賓格人稱代詞即在句中充當賓語（含介詞賓語）的代詞

三、同步練習

1）Archibald Motley’s artistic talent ［A］ was apparent ［B］ by the time him ［C］ enrolled ［D］ in high school.2）Legends often contain an element ［A］ of fact，but ［B］ sometimes it is ［C］ totally ［D］ untrue.3）Unlike ［A］ road vehicles，Hovercrafts have no physical ［B］ contact with the surface over which ［C］ them ［D］ travel.4）Let you and I ［A］ promise that we shall always ［B］ dare to do ［C］ what is ［D］ right.5）Most of we ［A］ know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton，but how many ［B］ are aware that ［C］ they also direct with their faces，hands ［D］，and shoulders？

四、例題解析

1）C錯。him是賓格，而此處卻需要作主語的人稱代詞，故應(yīng)將him改為主格he.2）C錯。改為they are.C處代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。

3）D錯。them也是賓格，應(yīng)改用主格they，作定語從句中的主語，謂語為travel.4）A錯。改為me.5）A錯。改為賓格us，因為前面是介詞of，us作其賓語，故用賓格。

2010年成人高考高起點英語語法歸納二：物主代詞

物主代詞

一、表示人的物主代詞用my，our，your，his，her和their，指無生命的東西用its（但指國家時一般用she或her），它們在句中作定語

二、名詞型物主代詞能作表語（It’s theirs）、主語（Mine is there）、賓語（I don’t like hers），與of連用可以作定語（the food of theirs）。

三、同步練習

1）A scientist bases its ［A］ work on hypotheses that ［B］ have been checked ［C］ through careful ［D］ experimentation.2）Crude rubber is an ［A］ elastic（有彈性的）solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index（折射率）of 1.591，though it ［B］ composition varies with different latexes（橡漿）as well as ［C］ with the way it is prepared ［D］ at the plantation.3）Manufacturers ［A］ of consumer goods ［B］ often change ［C］ the styles of them ［D］ products.四、例題解析

1）A錯。改為his.2）B錯。改為its.3）D錯。改為their.2010年成人高考高起點英語語法歸納三：反身代詞

反身代詞

一、反身代詞有myself，ourselves，yourselves，himself，herself，themselves，itself.主語與賓語為同一人或物時，要用反身代詞（否則就不能用反身代詞），反身代詞也可放在名詞或代詞（主格）后面（也可放在句尾）起強調(diào)作用

1）All ［A］ the scouts（童子軍）got theirselves ［B］ ready for the ［C］ long camping trip by spending their weekends living ［D］ in the open.2）Various ［A］ animals have shells that keep themselves ［B］ from growing beyond ［C］ a certain ［D］ size.3）Benjamin Banneker’s aptitude ［A］ in mathematics ［B］ and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself ［C］ to predict the solar ［D］ eclipse of 1789.4）The president announced that he himself ［A］ would act upon ［B］ the evidence as presented ［C］ to himself ［D］ by the congressional committee.5）Garrett ［A］ Morgan died in Cleveland，Ohio，the city that ［A］ had awarded himself ［B］ a gold medal for his devotion ［C］ to public ［D］ safety.6）Plants rid them ［A］ of excess water through ［B］ transpiration，the evaporation of extra ［C］ moisture from their ［D］ leaves.7）When Jonathan went ［A］ to Spain with his ［B］ sister，he bought a ［C］ leather coat for her and another for him ［D］.二、例題解析

1）B錯。改為themselves.2）B錯。B處明顯指代animals，而它前面的主語that卻指代shells，也就是說“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主語與賓語不是同一物，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改為賓格them.3）C錯。本句的主語為aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker（在這里它作aptitude的定語），而C處的代詞卻指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”，由于主語與賓語并非指同一人，故不能用反身代詞，應(yīng)改用賓格him.4）D錯。改為to him.動詞“presented”的（邏輯）主語是“evidence”，而不是A處的“he，”所以D“himself”處與C處“presented”的主語“evidence”不一致，所以不能用反身代詞。

5）B錯。改為him.同上。

6）A錯。此處的them指主語plants，rid是及物動詞，由于主語與賓語指同一物，故應(yīng)使用反身代詞themselves.7）D錯。改為for himself.2010年成人高考高起點英語語法歸納四：不定代詞

不定代詞

一、“every”（每一個）只作為定語使用，即必須在其后加上單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語，它不可與everyone（每一個）混淆。everyone相當于名詞，它不可修飾其他名詞，只

作主語或賓語

1）Every ［A］ knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated，but how many ［B］ realize that they were once ［C］ homes for the indigent and the friendless ［D］ ？

2）Everyone ［A］ child in the United States must ［B］ receive ［C］ some form of educational instruction ［D］.例題解析

1）A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分，應(yīng)在其后加上person或改為everyone.2）A錯。改為Every，修飾child.二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞，可作為代詞（如much of）和形容詞使用

3）Food seasoning plays an important ［A］ role in the cooking ［B］ customs of much ［C］ cultures in ［D］ the world.4）The general sales tax has been ［A］ a major source of income for state governments，much ［B］ of which derive more than half ［C］ of their budgets from ［D］ it.5）Data received from ［A］ two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence ［B］ that huge thunderstorms are now occurring ［C］ around the equator ［D］ of the planet Saturn.例題解析

3）C錯。應(yīng)改為of many，因為被修飾詞cultures為可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用many，而much要修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

4）B錯。應(yīng)改用many，因此處所指代的是可數(shù)名詞governments（復數(shù)），many在本句中為代詞，作非限定性定語從句的主語。

5）B錯。應(yīng)改為much evidence，因為evidence（證據(jù)，跡象）為不可數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)用much來修飾。

三、“some”和“any”是表示不定數(shù)量的代詞，相當于漢語的“一些”，作定語可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，其中some（包括它的合成詞something，someone，somebody）多用于肯定句，而any（包括它的合成詞anything，anyone，anybody）則用于疑問句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”；形容詞修飾something，someone，somebody，anything，anyone，anybody，nothing，nobody時，形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊

6）Historians ［A］ have never reached some general ［B］ agreement about ［C］ the precise causes of the ［D］ Civil War in the United States.例題解析

6）B錯。應(yīng)為any general，因為本句為否定句（否定副詞never），應(yīng)該用any，此處表示“（沒有達成過）任何共識”。

四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”（an＋other）和“另外的”“其余的”意思，可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語，其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，后者修飾單復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，二者不能相互混淆

7）Lizards lack ［A］ the builtin body temperature control ［B］ many another ［C］ creatures possess ［D］.8）Some bacterium are extremely ［A］ harmful，but anothers ［B］ are regularly ［C］ used in producing cheeses，crackers，and many other foods ［D］.9）Like ［A］ most another ［B］ art forms，the Greek tragedy had ［C］ its origins in religious ［D］ observances.例題解析

7）C錯。應(yīng)改用other來修飾可數(shù)復數(shù)名詞creatures.本句是一個省略了關(guān)系代詞that（或which）的定語從句，control為名詞作主句中及物動詞（謂語）lack的賓語，同時又受其后面定語從句的修飾。

8）B錯。改為others.9）B錯。改為other.五、one與other “one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物，它前邊加the； “other”作代詞修飾復數(shù)名詞?！皁ne…another”表示“一個…另一個”的意思，或表示多個（三者以上）之中的“另一個”，“又一個”； “one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個，又一個”

10）I’d like to ［A］ buy a coat similar ［B］ to one ［C］ you are wearing ［D］.11）Though ［A］ Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight ［B］ vision in another ［C］，he became ［D］ an internationally renowned jazz musician.例題解析

10）C錯。改為to the one.11）C錯。應(yīng)用the other，因為此處表示兩者之中的另一個，Art Tatum為人的名字，他只有兩只眼睛，故提到“另一只”時應(yīng)用the other.六、“few”和“l(fā)ittle”兩者分別為“many”和“much”的反義詞，表示“少，很少”的意思，有否定含義，即等于“幾乎沒有”，如若表示肯定的含義，則應(yīng)在little和few前加不定冠詞“a”，即變?yōu)椤癮 few”和“a little”

12）Because they are generally ［A］ taken simply to obtain a recognizable ［B］ and relatively clear ［C］ image，most nonprefessional photographs demand few ［D］ equipment.例題解析

12）D錯。應(yīng)改用little，因為equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，故其修飾語應(yīng)用little，few后面只接可數(shù)復數(shù)名詞。

七、“a great deal（of）”（大量）只作為限定語修飾不可數(shù)名詞或在句中指代不可數(shù)名詞作主語或賓語

13）of giftgiving，barter，buying and selling goes on among the Narvjos.［A］ A great deal ［B］ A great many ［C］ Much greater ［D］ Many

例題解析

13）A為正確答案?？瞻缀鬄椴豢蓴?shù)名詞“giftgiving，barter，buying”，“［B］ A great amny”和“［D］ Many”修飾可數(shù)名詞，而“［C］ Much greater”本身是形容詞，空檔后不應(yīng)有“of”，所以填“［A］ A great deal of”。

八、“nothing but”表示“只不過，就是，只有”

He is nothing but a singer.他只不過是個唱歌的。

Nothing but a miracle can save us.只有奇跡才能救我們。

九、“anything but” 表示“根本不，并不”

She is anything but beautiful.她并不美。

John is anything but a liar.約翰決不是個騙子。

十、“something of” 表示“略有”

He has seen something of life.他略有閱歷。

I’m something of a cook.我略懂烹飪。

（試比較）

He is not much of a scholar.他算不上個很好（高明）的學者。

十一、“none other than”表示“就是”

The new arrival was none other than the President.剛到的那人就是總統(tǒng)本人。我們要注意none other than 與 other than 的區(qū)別，后者表示“與……不同”

I do not wish him other than he is.我不希望他改變現(xiàn)狀。

The truth is quite other than what we think.事實與我們所想的不一樣。

十二、“none”有時可作副詞，表示“一點也不”

We did the work none too well.我們活干得一點也不好。

十三、nowhere可用以成語：be nowhere一無所得，一事無成；get nowhere一事無成，nowhere near離……很遠。

十四、有些不定代詞同時也是形容詞，或有其他的含義

He is all attention，and she is all eyes.他十分留意，她也注意力集中。

Everybody who is anybody（somebody）at all will be at the dance.［句中的“anybody（somebody）”在此當“大人物，重要人物”講。］