第一篇：2009口譯中英翻譯題部分

2012年下半年人事部翻譯考試二級口譯真題

英譯中在原文中選考了8段，并不是希拉里本人的錄音，有些地方讀得比較快，但總體的速度還可以。數字不難，倒是邏輯關系挺考驗人的，想要在短期內反應出來一整段的邏輯順序并很連貫地翻好還是有點難度。

希拉里·克林頓創(chuàng)立全球清潔廚灶聯盟講話

Remarks on Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves at the Clinton Global Initiative Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton September 21, 2010 Sheraton Towers New York, New York 希拉里·克林頓國務卿在克林頓全球倡議年會上就創(chuàng)立全球清潔廚灶聯盟發(fā)表講話 2010年9月21日 紐約州紐約市 喜來登大酒店

Thank you all.Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And it is, as always, such a personal pleasure for me to join this remarkable gathering.And I look out at this audience and there are just too many people here who deserve recognition to name all of you, so let me just express my deep appreciation to all the representatives of foreign governments as well as the leaders and advocates who are here with us and who will be sharing the stage.And of course, I do want to thank someone very special, namely my husband, for organizing this event –(applause)– and instilling it with his very special spirit of activism, innovation, and commitment that is contagious.謝謝大家，謝謝，非常感謝，謝謝。和往常一樣，我為能參加這樣一個盛會感到十分高興。環(huán)顧一下在場的與會者，你們都應當受到表彰，只是人數太多，恕我不在此一一提名了，因此，就讓我向所有外國政府的代表以及將上臺發(fā)言的與會領導人和倡導人士表達深深的謝意。當然，我要感謝一位非常特殊的人物，也就是我的丈夫，感謝他組織這項活動（掌聲）并在這項活動中注入他非常獨特的、富有感染力的積極行動、創(chuàng)新和奉獻的精神。

Last year at CGI, I spoke about the Obama Administration’s new strategy for international development, which has elevated development alongside diplomacy and defense as the core pillars of American foreign policy.And we are working with our partner countries to help them obtain the tools and capacity that they need to solve their own problems and contribute to solving the world’s shared problems.Our goal is to help people lift themselves, their families, and their societies out of poverty and toward a better life.And this is not development for development’s sake.This work, we believe, advances our own security, prosperity, and values.在去年的克林頓全球倡議年會上，我談到了奧巴馬政府的國際發(fā)展新戰(zhàn)略，這項新戰(zhàn)略將發(fā)展問題提升到與外交和防務同樣的高度，一起成為美國對外政策的核心支柱。我們與伙伴國家進行合作，幫助他們獲取為解決各自面臨的問題所需要的手段和能力，并為解決世界性的共同問題作出貢獻。我們的目標是幫助民眾以及他們的家庭和社會擺脫貧困，改善生活。而這一目標并非為發(fā)展而發(fā)展。我們相信，這項工作會推進我們自身的安全、繁榮和價值觀。

So we have focused on strategic areas where we can make the biggest impact on agricultural change that stretch from the farm to the market to the table and keep people nourished and productive, health systems that help people spend their days working rather than sick or dying, opportunities for women and girls that allow them to contribute to economic and social progress.因此，我們著重于有關戰(zhàn)略領域，對從農場到市場再到飯桌的農業(yè)變革發(fā)揮最大影響力，并保證人們的營養(yǎng)水平和生產能力；使醫(yī)療系統能夠幫助人們健康地工作，不會疾病纏身甚至死亡；創(chuàng)造機會使成年和未成年女性能為經濟與社會進步作出貢獻。

And today, I am very excited to tell you about a new initiative that will advance these and other efforts, and help put vital new tools in the hands of millions of people.今天，我非常高興地向大家宣布一項新的倡議，以推進這方面的努力和其他努力，并幫助億萬人民獲得極其重要的新工具。

As we meet here in New York, women are cooking dinner for their families in homes and villages around the world.As many as 3 billion people are gathering around open fires or old and inefficient stoves in small kitchens and poorly ventilated houses.Many of the women have labored over these hearths for hours, often with their infant babies strapped to their backs, and they have spent many more hours gathering the fuel.The food they prepare is different on every continent, but the air they breathe is shockingly similar: a toxic mix of chemicals released by burning wood or other solid fuel that can reach 200 times the amount that our EPA considers safe for breathing.就在我們在紐約開會之時，世界各地的婦女正在家里和村子里為家人做飯。多達30億人生起明火，或在窄小的、通風不良的廚房里，在老舊低效的廚灶邊忙碌。很多婦女一連幾個小時地在這樣的廚灶邊忙個不停，身上還常常背著嬰兒，而且還要花很多時間拾柴。各大洲的婦女做的飯菜各式各樣，但她們吸入的氣體卻驚人地相似：燃燒的木柴和其他固體燃料所釋放的有毒的化學混合氣體，可能高達我國環(huán)保署（EPA）空氣安全標準允許含量的200倍。

As the women cook, smoke fills their lungs and the toxins begin poisoning them and their children.The results of daily exposure can be devastating: Pneumonia, the number one killer of children worldwide, chronic respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and a range of other health problems are the consequence.婦女在燒飯時，將煙塵吸入肺部，有害氣體導致她們和她們的孩子中毒。日復一日地吸入有毒氣體可能造成致命后果：全世界兒童的頭號殺手肺炎、慢性呼吸道疾病、肺癌以及其他各種健康問題。

The World Health Organization considers smoke from dirty stoves to be one of the five most serious health risks that face people in poor, developing countries.Nearly 2 million people die from its effects each year, more than twice the number from malaria.And because the smoke contains greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane, as well as black carbon, it contributes to climate change.世界衛(wèi)生組織認為，高污染廚灶產生的煙氣是貧窮的發(fā)展中國家人民所面臨的五種最嚴重的健康危害之一，每年造成將近200萬人死亡，超過瘧疾造成的死亡人數的兩倍。此外，由于煙氣中含有諸如二氧化碳、甲烷以及黑碳等溫室氣體，它對氣候變化也大有影響。

There are other consequences as well.In conflict zones like the Congo, the journeys that women must take to find scarce fuel put them at increased risk of violent and sexual assault.Even in safer areas, every hour spent collecting fuel is an hour not spent in school or tending crops or running a business.還有其他一些后果。在像剛果這樣的沖突地區(qū)，婦女為尋找稀少的燒柴必須長途跋涉，致使她們受到暴力和性侵犯的危險更大。即使在比較安全的地方，她們?yōu)槭安穸嗷ㄒ粋€小時，就意味著在學校、田間或做生意上少花一個小時。

People have cooked over open fires and dirty stoves for all of human history, but the simple fact is they are slowly killing millions of people and polluting the environment.Engineers and development professionals have worked on this problem for decades.My own involvement stretches back many years, and I’m well aware that well-meaning efforts have been launched, but none have managed to match the scope of the challenge.在整個人類歷史進程中，人們一直在用明火或高污染廚灶做飯，但一個明確的事實是，廚灶正在導致千百萬人慢性死亡，同時還在污染環(huán)境。工程師和開發(fā)專業(yè)人員幾十年來一直在努力解決這個問題。我自己參與其中也有很多年了。據我了解，人們已經作出一些良好的努力，但這些努力不足以應對這一挑戰(zhàn)的規(guī)模。

But today, because of technological breakthroughs, new carbon financing tools, and growing private sector engagement, we can finally envision a future in which open fires and dirty stoves are replaced by clean, efficient, and affordable stoves and fuels all over the world – stoves that still cost as little as $25.如今，由于出現了技術突破、新型碳融資手段以及越來越多私營企業(yè)的參與，我們終于可以展望這樣一個未來：明火和高污染廚灶在世界范圍內被清潔、高效、價格廉宜的廚灶和燃料所取代——而這樣的廚灶售價只需25美元。

看了09年以前的真題，基本選的演講稿都會涉及數字，英譯中好像都是跟環(huán)境、生態(tài)、能源、婦女兒童等有關話題，中譯英則大多是經貿類的演講，偶爾涉及體育、健康衛(wèi)生等。政治類的演講很少出現。

崔天凱副部長在中美省州長對話開幕式上的致辭

2011年10月19日

Remarks by Vice Foreign Minister Cui Tiankai At the China-US Governors Dialogu

e October 2011

尊敬的趙洪祝書記、周強書記和各位中方省長，尊敬的葛瑞格爾州長和各位美國州長，尊敬的李小林會長、霍馬茨副國務卿，各位來賓，女士們、先生們：

Respected Secretary Zhao Hongzhu, Secretary Zhou Qiang and Chinese governors，Honorable Governor Gregoire and other US governors，President Li Xiaolin，Under Secretary Robert Hormats，Distinguished Guests，Ladies and Gentlemen，很高興出席中美省州長對話。首先，我代表外交部和楊潔篪外長對此次對話成功舉行表示熱烈祝賀。長期以來，中美地方間合作是兩國關系的重要基礎和推動力量。舉辦中美省州長對話是今年1月胡錦濤主席訪美的重要成果，也是中國外交部和美國國務院鼎力支持的項目。在全國友協、美國全國州長協會共同努力和兩國省州積極支持下，首屆中美省州長論壇于今年7月在美國鹽湖城成功舉行，取得令人振奮的豐碩成果。僅時隔3個月，美國州長代表團回訪中國，與中方書記、省長們進行新一輪對話。我們?yōu)橹忻赖胤介g合作蓬勃發(fā)展、欣欣向榮的局面感到由衷高興。

I am delighted to attend the China-US Governors Dialogue.Let me begin by extending warm congratulations on the successful opening of the dialogue on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi.Over the years, subnational cooperation has been an important foundation and driving force of the relations between China and the United States.The launching of the China-US governors dialogue is an important outcome of President Hu's visit to the United States last January and has received full support from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US State Department.With the concerted efforts of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the US National Governors Association and active support from Chinese provinces and US states, the first China-US Governors Forum was successfully held in Salt Lake City in July, producing encouraging and fruitful outcomes.Now, after only three months, the US governors are paying a reciprocal visit to China and joining Chinese provincial leaders for a new round of dialogue.We are really gratified to see such momentum in China-US subnational cooperation.對于中美省州長對話，我有三個期待：

I have three hopes for the China-US Governors Dialogue.希望對話成為中美地方合作的催化劑。中國有34個省級行政區(qū)，美國有50個州、1個特區(qū)、5個聯邦領地和海外領地，都各具特色和優(yōu)勢，彼此間擁有巨大合作潛力。建立省州長論壇是為兩國地方間交流合作提供高層次機制化平臺的開創(chuàng)性舉措，不僅將有力促進兩國地方共同繁榮，也將自下而上地推動中美總體關系不斷前進。

I hope that the dialogue will become a catalyst for China-US subnational cooperation.China has 34 provincial level administrative divisions.The United States has 50 states, one federal district and five unincorporated territories.Each of them is uniquely positioned with its own advantages and has enormous potential for cooperation with others.The China-US Governors Forum is a creative step that aims at offering a high-level and regular platform for subnational exchanges and cooperation.It will not only promote shared prosperity at the subnational level, but also facilitate the overall China-US relations at the national level.希望對話成為中美經貿關系的推進器。兩國地方省州是中美經貿合作的主力軍。過去10年，美國有47個州對華出口增幅達到3位數甚至4位數。近年來，中國各省企業(yè)對美投資快速增長，為美國經濟和就業(yè)做出貢獻。清潔能源、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、基礎設施等領域是中美經貿合作新的重要增長點。希望兩國地方把握機遇，積極開拓，把互利共贏的中美經貿合作提升到更高水平。

I hope that the dialogue will become a propeller of China-US business ties.Subnational efforts represent a large part of our overall trade and economic cooperation.Forty-seven US states have seen three-and even four-digit growth in their exports to China in the past decade and investment by local Chinese businesses in the United States has grown rapidly and contributed to the US economy and job creation in recent years.Clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine and infrastructure are the new important growth areas in China-US economic cooperation.I hope that the provinces and states will make the most of these opportunities and take the mutually beneficial economic cooperation between our two countries to an even higher level.中華考試網(004km.cn)

希望對話成為中美人民間的友誼橋梁。中美關系的根基在人民，動力源泉也在人民。中美人民友好交往日益密切，每年人員往來超過300萬人次，平均每天8000多人往返于太平洋兩岸。兩國地方高校、媒體、智庫、青年、民間團體之間加強文化、教育、藝術、體育等形式多樣的交流與合作，將在中美間架起更多友誼與合作的橋梁。希望中美兩國地方政府攜手合作，為此發(fā)揮引領作用。

I hope that the dialogue will become a bridge of friendship between the people of our countries.People represent both the foundation and source of strength for China-US relations.The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American people have increasingly intensified.Each year, over three million visits are made between China and the United States.Everyday, more than 8,000 people on average travel across the Pacific.Enhanced and diverse exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and American universities, media, think tanks, youths and civil societies in culture, education, art and sports will forge more friendships and partnerships between China and the United States.I hope that the provincial, state and local governments of China and the United States will join hands and lead such exchanges.金秋十月是收獲的季節(jié)。我謹預祝本次對話圓滿成功，取得豐碩成果，為中美關系發(fā)展添上濃墨重彩的一筆。

Fall is the season of harvest.I wish the dialogue full success, leaving an indelible imprint on China-US relations.謝謝大家。

Thank you.Over 27? Unmarried? Female? In China, you could be labelled a “l(fā)eftover woman” by the stateand it stings。不過她也知道，在如今的中國，像她這樣受過良好教育的單身都市女性，都被稱為“剩女”，這個稱呼讓她覺得有些刺耳。

She feels pressure from her friends and her family, and the message gets hammered in by China's state-run media too。她受到來自朋友和家人的逼婚壓力，而在很多中國官方媒體上，這種信息也總是會反復強調。

State-run media started using the term “sheng nu” in 2007.That same year the government warned that China's gender imbalancewas a serious problem.National Bureau of Statistics data shows there are now about 20 million more men under 30 than women under 30.官方媒體在2007年開始使用“剩女”一詞，同年政府發(fā)布報告稱中國的性別不平衡現象是非常嚴重的社會問題。因為中國實施獨生子女政策，造成很多人會進行性別選擇性墮胎。根據國家統計局的數據顯示，30歲以下的中國人口，男性要比女性多2000萬。

“Ever since 2007, the state media have aggressively disseminated this term in surveys, and news reports, and columns, and cartoons and pictures, basically stigmatising

educated women over the age of 27 or 30 who are still single,” says Leta Hong-Fincher, an American doing a sociology PhD at Tsinghua University in Beijing。正在清華[微博]大學[微博]攻讀社會學博士的美國學生麗塔·洪-芬奇表示：“從2007年開始，中國媒體就開始在調查、新聞報道、專欄、動畫和圖片中大量使用?剩女? 這一術語，通常定義的是超過27歲或30歲的單身知識女性?！?/p>

Census figures for China show that around one in five women aged 25-29 is unmarried。普查數據顯示，在中國25-29歲間的女性中，5人中就有1人未婚。

The proportion of unmarried men that age is higherChina's cabinetsomeone who is “honest and responsible”, and good company, or no-one at all。現在他們的說法是，如果她不打算找個男人結婚，那就應該回老家跟他們一起住。陳小姐說她很清楚自己想找的是什么樣的人：誠實、有責任心，一位志趣相投的好伙伴。如果找不到這樣的，她寧愿一個人單著。

Meanwhile, the state-run media keep up a barrage of messages aimed at just this sort of “picky” educated woman。而同時，各大媒體也開始通過各種信息方式，朝這些挑剔的知識女性“發(fā)起攻擊”。

“Pretty girls do not need a lot of education to marry into a rich and powerful family.But girls with an average or ugly appearance will find it difficult,” reads an excerpt from an article titled, Leftover Women Do Not Deserve Our Sympathy, posted on the website of the All-China Federation of Women in March 2011.2011年3月，中國婦聯的官方網站上發(fā)表了一篇題為《有多少剩女值得我們同情？》的文章，文章中這樣寫到：“長相靚麗的女孩子不需要太高的學歷，照樣可以嫁入豪門，但長相普通和丑的女孩子則很難”。

It continues: “These girls hope to further their education in order to increase their competitiveness.The tragedy is, they don't realise that as women age, they are worth less and less.So by the time they get their MA or PhD, they are already oldoffering tips on how to stand out from a crowd, matchmaking advice, and even a psychological analysis of why a woman would want to marry late.中國婦聯的網站上曾有過多達15篇文章討論“剩女”的話題，為剩女們出謀劃策如何脫穎而出，提供相親建議，甚至就“為什么女性想要晚婚”進行心理分析。

If it sounds odd to call women ”leftover“ at 27 or 30, China has a long tradition of women marrying young.But the age of marriage has been rising, as it often does in places where women become more educated.27歲或30歲沒結婚就被稱為“剩下的”，也許聽起來有些怪異，但中國女性一向有早婚的傳統。不過婚姻年齡一直在推遲，就像在很多地方女性受教育程度越來越高的情況一樣。

In 1950, the average age for urban Chinese women to marry for the first time was just under 20.By the 1980s it was 25, and now it's...about 27.1950年，中國城市女性初婚平均年齡不到20歲。到了20世紀80年代這一年齡是25歲，而現在這一年齡也許是27歲左右。

A 29-year-old marketing executive, who uses the English name Elissa, says being single at her age isn't half bad?，F年29歲的銷售主管艾麗莎(英文名)表示，在她這個年紀還單身其實還挺不錯。

”Living alone, I can do whatever I like.I can hang out with my good friends whenever I like,“ she says.”I love my job, and I can do a lot of stuff all by myselfand she has to get back to work。艾麗莎說她也想遇到對的人，不過這一切都要看緣分。在這個過程中，生活也還是很美好的——她也要回去工作了。

國外網友神回復：

This article gives me hope that I may soon fulfill my adulthood dream of marrying an intelligent, financially independent, emotionally secure, non-overweight woman who will not look down on my aspiration to become a house-husband.All I need to do now is learn to speak Mandarin and move to China。這篇文章給了我希望啊！我一直以來的愿望總算可以實現了！我一直夢想找一個聰明過人、經濟獨立、情感穩(wěn)定、身材勻稱的姑娘當老婆，她還得不嫌棄我立志做個家庭煮夫的夢想才行?，F在我只要學會普通話，搬去中國，一切就都OK了！

第二篇：中級口譯翻譯部分真題~~[范文模版]

2009年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the banks lower interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the story-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.【譯文】：

若只是尋常的經濟蕭條，那應對方案一目了然：翻出久違的凱恩斯著作，聯邦政府降低利率，總統及國會一面減稅，一面增加財政支出。假以時日，購買力激升，生產力急速飛漲，貸款數隨之猛增。凱恩斯的作品重獲關注。美國的經濟并非一帆風順，但總的來說還不錯，并不需要對經濟體制做出大刀闊斧的改革。所以第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后，我們一直照此方案應對經濟危機。

政府應為哪些階層多減稅，為哪些項目提供資助，這些是共和黨和民主黨長期爭論的話題。公眾要求他們付諸于行動的輿論壓力下，政府往往實施雙方都可接受的折衷方案，達到推動經濟進步的目的。即使到了黨派分歧嚴重的今時今日，政府仍希望找到此種方案。

然而這次的蕭條非比平常，所以事情就不那么簡單。從本質上說，我們的經濟確有弊端。因此要動用一些富蘭克林·羅斯福當年的改革措施，還需做到與時俱進。才能力挽狂瀾、扭轉乾坤，最終撥得云開見日出?！窘馕觥浚?/p>

1、In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.譯：在平常，經濟狀況一旦蕭條下來，大家都就很明白應該馬上著手做哪些事情：

本句中，normal recession名詞性短語，但需要采用詞類轉換的翻譯方法，進行擴展翻譯成一個句子，the to-do list“大家應該做的事情”，本句主系表結構，字面意思：大家要做的事情是很清楚的。采用正反翻譯的方法，將其翻譯為“大家都就很明白應該馬上著手做哪些事情：”。

2、Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.譯：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作，聯邦政府調低利息率，總統和國會開始減稅，增加財政支出。

本句是接上文，列舉出的一系列動作，并列舉。在句中，Copies of Keynes are dusted off，字面意思為：凱恩斯著作上的灰塵會被拂去。根據本文的語意表達環(huán)境，我們采用意譯，翻譯為：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作。

3、In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.譯：用不了多久，市場上購銷兩旺，生產線生機勃勃，貸款扶搖而上，于是乎，凱恩斯的書又回了書架。本句中，前半句purchasing, production and loans perk up中，perk

vi.振作;活躍起來(+up)，在英語中“perk up”可以用于形容以上三個主語，而在漢語中有不同搭配，所以對本句，翻譯成三個小分句“市場上購銷兩旺，生產線生機勃勃，貸款扶搖而上”會更好一點。對于“Keynes is placed back on the shelf”中，“Keynes”需要翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作。該句子翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作又會被放回到書架上。

【C—E】

鐘表上的秒針一下一下地移動，每移動一下就是表示我們的壽命已經縮短了一部分。再看看墻上掛著的可以一張張撕下的日歷，每天撕下一張就是表示我們的壽命又縮短了一天。因為時間即生命。

沒有人不愛惜他的生命，但很少人珍視他的時間。如果想在有生之年做一點什么事，學一點什么學問，充實自己，幫助別人，使生命成為有意義，不虛此生，那么就不可浪費光陰。這個道理人人都懂，可是很少人能積極不懈地善為利用他的時間。

【譯文】：

Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock.Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day.Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few.How can we achieve something in our brief life? To learn some knowledge!To replenish ourselves!To help those in need!To add significance to our life!Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful(to get a lot out of our life).This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.2009秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】

What is a novel? I say: an invented story.At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true.True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be.And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader.Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible.So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these are amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality.The novel does not simply recount experience.And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own.It does not merely invent, it perceives.It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小說是什么？我認為 是人們創(chuàng)造出來的故事。同時盡管是創(chuàng)造出來的故事，但是小說仍然有一種力量能夠讓人聽上去感覺像真的一樣。真的像什么呢？就像讀者所知道的那種生活或者可 能的生活樣子，像他們所感覺的那種生活。當然我指的是對于成熟的成年讀者而言。像我們這樣的成年讀者已經足夠長大，不再相信童話故事，不再需要奇異幻想和 那些不可能發(fā)生的事情。所以我對你說，小說必須要成熟起來，能夠讓成年人將之放在生活中試驗。你或許會說：“如果一個人需要事實，他為什么不去看完完全全真實的書呢？自傳或者紀錄片里都是些令人驚異的真人真事的描述。這當然正確，但是我對你的建議是事實和所謂的現實 之間有著本質的區(qū)別。小說并不僅僅只是敘述人們的經歷，小說會添加人們的經歷。而 這一點正是小說所具有的活力火花：小說家的想象力有其自己強大的力量。借 助這種想象力小說家并不僅僅創(chuàng)造，他們去感知。這種想象力不斷增強，給原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它們變得額外地重要，變得更加地真實。

【C—E】

有兩個大款附庸風 雅，參加一個冷餐會，與會者自然不乏真正的名流學者。席間，一個學者與其中的大款甲閑聊，話題不知怎么扯到莎士比亞身上。學者問大款甲：“先生是否對莎士 比亞最感興趣？”大款甲頓了頓，隨即正色說：“相比之下，還是威士忌合我口味?！边@時，大家都暗自竊笑。大款乙也看出了苗頭，悻悻然走開。在回來的小車 上，大款乙教訓大款甲說：“你真一點都不懂，莎士比亞是飲料，你怎么把它當洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction.During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare.The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves.Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully.On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant!Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

點評：雖然內容和以往有所不同，但細說到單詞、詞組和句型，卻大都在我們平時的課堂內容之中。在Section 3的英譯漢中，各個我們反復強調的翻譯技巧依次露面。如：

主被交換 an invented story：創(chuàng)造出來的故事 讓步狀語 though invented：盡管

正反譯法 outgrow fairy tales：不再相信童話故事 轉性譯法 has the power：能夠

“the + adj.”表示一類事物的集合 the fantastic and the impossible 奇思異想和不可能發(fā)生的事情

2010年春中口翻譯

【C—E】(英文原文選自09年9月20日的《今日美國》（U.S.Today），隨后09年9月29日的《中國日報》（China Daily）轉載了同一篇文章。)

The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.在經濟衰退中，損失最為慘重的要數中等收入和貧困家庭。此外，衰退還造成最富裕和最貧困的美國人之間經濟差距擴大，因為一波波裁員的侵襲使家庭可用開支遭受重創(chuàng)。

Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans.Median income fell last year from $52,163 to $50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit the lowest level since 1997.Poverty jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.雖然全美各個群體的家庭收入普降，但是中低收入者的跌幅更大。去年，（家庭）收入的中位數從52163美元降低到50303美元，達到了1997年以來的最低點，相當于十年的財富收益蒸發(fā)殆盡。貧困人口的比例則飆升至13.2%，創(chuàng)下了11年來的新高。

No one should be surprised at the increased disparity.Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffs in the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets.They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of the income ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.對于日益擴大的收入差距，我們不應大驚小怪。經濟低迷時期的裁員風潮導致家庭的可用開支急劇減少，分析師認為這才是導致收入差距擴大的罪魁禍首。他們認為，雖然最富裕的美國人也可能發(fā)現收入縮水，但那些工資最低的人才是真正的受害者，因為他們經常遭到解雇，艱難度日。

【C—E】(第十屆全國人大常委會委員（a Standing Committee member of the Chinese National People's Congress(NPC)）朱相遠于2010年1月4日在人民網發(fā)表的一篇題為《2010年翩然而至擁抱下一個“十年”》的文章)原文：

2010年翩然而至，全球24個時區(qū)的萬千鐘聲，此起彼伏，宣告在這人類新千年中，一個10年代的終結，又是另一個10年代的開始。在開局的10年中，中國經濟在前9年連續(xù)9年保持著9%以上的增長。最后一年，雖受國際金融風暴影響，但依然能保持8%的高增長。

中國猶如中流砥柱，力挽狂瀾，使全球目光，再次聚焦于東方。一年多的實踐，終使曙光再現。全人類定能以集體的智慧，攻堅克難，度過難關，必將是柳暗花明又一村的新局面。

譯文：

With the approaching of 2010, the ringing of bells in 24 time zones around the globe echoes one after another, announcing the lapse of the first decade in the new millennium and the start of another 10 years.Over the past ten years, China’s economy maintained a successive 9% increase for nine years since the beginning of the 21st century and still a 8% growth in the last year of the past decade, albeit influenced by global financial storm.Functioning like a mainstay that makes vigorous endeavors to turn the tide, China, once again, draws global attraction to the East.A silver lining is emerging again after a year-round practice.As long as all the mankind conquer adversities, override difficulties with collective wisdom, there is bound to be a way out.2010年秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership.In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system.The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function.The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers;hence the “market economy” designation.美國的經濟制度主要是私有制經濟，其中，消費者、生產者和政府每天都主要通過價格體系來做出經濟決策。正是這三者之間的能動關系才使經濟得以運轉。然而，市場的主要動力來自于生產者和消費者之間的關系，因此 “市場經濟”得以成名。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell.Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.通常，消費者總希望他們說花費的錢能夠獲得最大的價值；另一方面，生產者渴望能從他們所銷售的商品中尋求最高的價格和利潤。聯邦、各州和地方各級政府的任務是加強公共安全，確保合理競爭，并提供一系列服務，因為他們相信這些服務性事業(yè)最好由國有企業(yè)來處理，而非私人企業(yè)。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations.The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market.Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.大致來看，企業(yè)分為三種：個體業(yè)主開辦經營的企業(yè)、合伙企業(yè)和股份公司。前兩者很重要，但只有最后一種企業(yè)才可以最大程度上把許多合作人員的投資籌集到一起，形成巨額資金。那些人作為股東，可以隨時在公開市場上買賣他們所持有的股票。正是這種股份制公司使得開辦大型企業(yè)成為可能。簡評：

經歷了三次考試的小品文調整后，如同我們課堂中所預測的那樣，今年秋季的考試題目終于回歸了正常的軌道。英譯漢出現了主旋律——經濟類報刊型文章。其實這個主題一直是我們在課堂中練習和強調最多的，而且它和“小白本”（《中級翻譯教程》）第三單元第一課《混合經濟：美國的經濟制度》相關度非常高，相信大家一定會覺得很熟悉。

在翻譯過程中，主要難點在于句子順序的調整/詞語指稱意義的確定/定語從句和后置分詞的翻譯。如： 第二個句子中末尾的on a daily basis, mainly through the price system在翻譯中必須前置在漢語的謂語動詞之前；dynamic interaction根據上下文及單詞本身的意義，可以猜測出“能動”的意思；再如，Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.在這個長句中，我們會發(fā)現后方的believed to be…是一個分詞作后置定語，根據我們在英譯漢第一講最后提到的技巧，這里應該用上分割單獨成句法，同理，后方的定語從句也要使用相同的手法處理。

【C—E】

說起上海老城，總會讓人和古老傳統的東西聯系起來，比如明代的豫園和清代的城隍廟。上海建城有700多年歷史，但最具人文發(fā)展歷史的時期是開埠后的150年間，諸如華洋雜居、石庫門、老字號等等，都發(fā)生在開埠后的上海。

The old town of Shanghai, when it is mentioned, is always associated with the past and the tradition, something such as the Yuyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and the Town God’s Temple(or the City God Temple / Chenghuangmiao)in the Qing Dynasty.Despite a history of more than 700 years, it is the 150 years since its opening to foreign trades that enjoyed the most spelendid/ greatest humane development of Shanghai.During that period, scenes appeared such as the co-inhabitation of Chinese foreigners, the building of Shikumen, and the growth of time-honored firms.流傳于老城內外的民間文化，豐富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物風情畫卷”生動地描繪了上海老城市民的生活百態(tài)。上海老城市歷史文明與現代文明的兼容并蓄，無論上海城市發(fā)展如何日新月異，她仍將記錄著上海城市發(fā)展的歷史華章。

Various and colorful folk cultures have gained popularity in and out of Shanghai’s old town, which has been proved in the famous “The Painting Scroll of Local Residents in Shanghai’s Old Town”, a vivid depiction of the lives of local residents in every aspect.Despite the ever-changing advances of Shanghai, its old town, an inclusive combination of ancient and modern civilization, will still serve as a glorious chapter in the history of the development of Shanghai city.簡評：

今年的漢譯英也擺脫了過去三次考試的小品文，終于回歸了主旋律，介紹了關于上海地區(qū)的文化特色。其實，這個特點也是我們在翻譯課堂上的開篇就講過的地域特色，并且，我們曾經在課堂上給大家總結過三區(qū)的重要性：傳統文化老區(qū)/經濟新區(qū)/旅游景區(qū)，所以，這次考試中出現的“城隍廟/豫園”應該算是老朋友了，至于新出現的地名，大家也可以根據我們課堂上講過的翻譯技巧來應對。

在語言處理方面，我們希望大家還是要把握基本原則，即“找出言外之意的邏輯”。比如，第二段開頭的兩個句子，要看出是一個舉例的關系。其次，在翻譯漢譯英的時候一定要善于去發(fā)現句子的真正主語，比如第一段的第二句，真正的主語應該是“150年”；第二段的第二句，真正主語為“老城區(qū)”而非字面上的“兼容并蓄”。第三，漢譯英中要大量運用“詞語轉性”的技巧，如最后一部分的“日新月異”，漢語原文中是作謂語，可是在英語譯文中應該轉變成形容 詞作定語，這一點在我們的課堂講解中也一直是重點強調的內容。

另外，還需提出的是，漢譯英中一直喜歡考察大家對于四字詞語的處理方法，我們在課堂中也有專門講解，當然，更需要大家持續(xù)不斷的積累，比如本次考試中出現的“豐富多彩”“日新月異”“兼容并蓄”“歷史華章”等，應該算是老朋友，做到脫口而出了。

2011春中口翻譯漢部分

【C—E】

豫園是上海著名的古典園林，已有400多年的歷史。花園設計獨特，具有明清兩代南方的建筑藝術的風格。園內共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭臺樓閣、假山池塘和諧對稱、協調均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

豫園原為明代一位大官的私家花園，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾幾經變遷，屢遭摧殘。所幸的是，從1949年上海解放時，園內的主要景點尚完好無損。從1956年開始，豫園經過多次修繕，重現其昔日光彩。參考答案：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.[解析] 1.文章開頭有三個“有”，我們可以追求全都不用have，而采用更精準的詞，比如有400多年的歷史，用enjoy, 第二個具有，表示具有什么的特色，可以轉移成形容詞：be characteristic of，或者boast.第三個是“園內有40余景”，表示園內布滿了這些景點，可以反過來用40個景色做主語，動作的“有”翻譯成dot,裝點。

2.亭臺樓閣、假山池塘和諧對稱、協調均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。此處的元素較多，我們可以分清其中的關系：亭臺樓閣和假山池塘是并列的關系，而它們達到的效果則是“和諧對稱”，“協調均衡” 3.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

江南在中文中聽上去很好，但到了英文中如果翻的太清楚就變成了south of the Yangtze River, 失去了美感，不如也模糊地說成South China 4.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

布局的英文是layout.而精致的處理，既可以按照字面翻譯成elegancy, 也可以翻譯其意思： 所謂的布局的精致，在布局上投入大量的心思。

In the old days, And Yu Garden was famed in South China for the amount of thought put into its layout.5.私家花園

這里的花園可以不譯，直接收成private property, 私人財產。6.直到20年后才建成

可以選擇反譯：but it was not completed until two decades later 也可以選擇正譯： which took twenty years to complete.7.此后曾幾經變遷，屢遭摧殘。

變遷：vicissitudes.如果忘記這個單詞的拼寫，可以選擇解釋：changes of times.所以整句可以譯成The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。下面附上譯文：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.Being well proportioned, the endless mixture of pavilions and corridors, rockeries and ponds, yields to a scene of harmonious symmetry.And Yu Garden is famed in South of Yangtze Delta for the amount of thought put into its layout.【E—C】

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.A minority, though, are sceptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.【參考答案】

世界上大部分氣候學家已經使他們自己及許多普通民眾（包括一些政界人士）確信，地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴重；罪魁禍首是人類活動，其表現形式為過量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

但是，仍有一小部分人對此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示，雖然近期的數據表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高，但其原因是太陽輻射的自然波動，這一趨勢可能臨近結束。另一些人認為并沒有決定性證據表明近現代的地球溫度高于古代。

我們認為，全球變暖是人類面臨的嚴重威脅，世界各國需要采取措施，竭力避免這一問題。這是政治家的職責。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的?？茖W無絕對。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實際證據的檢驗。一旦搜集到了新的證據，就需要進行再次驗證。這是科學家的任務。

[解析] 本次中口英譯漢的文章節(jié)選自《經濟學人》（The Economist）網站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate，屬于環(huán)保類題材，文字難度偏低。各段的考點毫無新意，都是在課上反復講解并訓練過的技巧?？忌鷳摫ＷC在這一篇上拿到高分。

文章一共三段，難度相對較大的是第一段，整段是一句長句，其結構非常清晰：A have convinced themselves and B that 1;that 2;and that 3.中文大意是A（氣候學家）使自己及B（普通民眾）確信三件事情。只要把整句結構理順，之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是：地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴重；罪魁禍首是人類活動，其表現形式為過量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

第二段是第一段的對照，主要講述另一部分人的觀點。第一句話（A minority, though, are sceptical.）中minority呼應了第一段中的majority，其中的though作插于語使用表轉折功能，這一考點在中口以前的英譯漢文章里考過。之后段落繼續(xù)分出兩條支線，細述兩部分反對者的觀點。句法層面沒有難點，詞匯層面注意單詞explain。在中口的課上反復強調過上下文定詞義，同學不要一看到explain就翻成“解釋”，而是需要根據具體的語境選擇精致的釋義。在這里，A are explained by B直譯為A能夠被B解釋略帶翻譯腔，其實這一結構只是表示原因，所以還不如譯為更為簡潔的“因為”。第三段給出了作者自己的觀點，主要是對政治家和科學家分別提出了期望。比較重要的一句是倒數第二句，其中的被動語態(tài)需要處理到位。英語多被動，漢語多主動，這一英漢差異需要在翻譯中進行轉化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理論必須得到證據的檢驗，也可以添加泛指性主語“我們”翻成我們需要用證據對理論進行 檢驗。

2011年秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】（出自Newsweek）

Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary-and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation's future.Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world.Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well.They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied.What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher.Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess(and some people definitely do not).Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy.In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.【譯文】

我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毥型！安环Q職”的老師？

一直以來，美國初高中教育質量的相對下降對整個民族的將來來說，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國學生比世界上任何一個國家的學生都更擅長于測試。而現在，與歐洲學校的孩子相比，美國學生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當——被其他10個國家遠遠甩開。

就過去這個時代而言，粗略來講，上個世紀的后五十年，教育界專家們認為如果他們能找到正確的教學法，能用正確的方法給予教導，那么這種教育將是無可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過集論教學體系、開放式教室、全語學習，但是似乎看起來無一能取得意義深遠或是持久的改善。

而在近些年來，研究人員發(fā)現了一些看起來十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認為，造成這種差異的，比教學規(guī)模和教科書更為重要的，比教學方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質量。教書育人的能力大多是與生俱來的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級。這種能力是一些人與生俱來的；很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸的大都是些枯燥乏味且風馬牛不相及的理論和教學法。總之，這項研究表明，五年內，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。

[評析] 本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同，散文重點要突出原文的行文情感，文筆特點，而新聞稿的翻譯重點在于，突出內容的客觀性和真實性，抓住主題和作者觀點。這篇新聞主要介紹了美國教育界的一些問題，作者的觀點是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件設置，甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來得重要。而教師的教學水平很大一部分是天生的。本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長難句的拆分，在面對這樣的長難句時，考生們首先應該端正心態(tài)，然后運用一些對美國教育的了解，以及邏輯思維，再加上語法知識，進行分析。同時也出現了pedagogy，insipid，這樣的一些生詞，對于pedagogy這樣的反復出現的生詞，可以根據上下文來猜測，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的，不影響理解的修飾性的詞語，就可以暫時跳過，先抓住整篇文章的主旨?？偠灾瑢τ陂L難句的分析能力，是各位同學在平時學習英語過程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力，而談到單詞，也是需要大家平時多多廣泛閱讀來拓展詞匯量的。

【C—E】

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，讓他們充分認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。

這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變。曾幾何時，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學習中文和中國文化，而且還不時走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風光，認識豐富的文化遺產。

【譯文】

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese.China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.[解析] 本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?？傮w難度一般，以句號結束的句子即可作為一個意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長句可使用中國考生特別熟悉的從句進行翻譯，如第一句的“已經認識到??的同時，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的最后一句“掌握雙語的好處??”由which引導的定語從句也可迎刃而解。當然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來越多的華人父母認識到??”，如果你和大多數人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents?”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of?”則地道很多；又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西 方兩種不同的文化?！崩挠昧恕癳nhance”和“facilitate”兩個詞，富于變化；文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運用形容詞來替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個相當不錯的印象，也為自己加分不少。

2012春季翻譯部分

【E—C】

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation.It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras.It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.我年輕那會兒，有一本非常好的雜志，叫做《環(huán)球目錄》，算得上我那一輩人的圣經。創(chuàng)辦這本雜志的人名叫斯圖爾特·布蘭德，他就住在離這里不遠的門羅公園。他用詩意的筆觸為這本雜志賦予了生命。那是六十年代，個人電腦和電腦出版還未普及，因此整本雜志都是用打字機、剪刀和拍立得相機完成的，可以成為紙質版的谷歌搜索，但卻比谷歌早出現了35年。它是理想主義的化身，滿篇都是整潔的工具和偉大的觀點。

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age.On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off.Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.And I have always wished that for myself.And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.斯圖爾特和他的團隊推出了幾期《環(huán)球目錄》，當他們遇到瓶頸便出版了最后一期。當時是70年代中期，那時的我和你們現在差不多大。最后一期的黑色封面上有一張照片，照片上是一條清晨的鄉(xiāng)間小路，是那種你搭車出游時一定能看見的小路，如果你有這樣的冒險精神的話。照片下方有這樣一句話：“求知若渴，虛懷若愚?！边@是他們謝幕時留下的告別辭。保持饑餓，保持愚蠢。我一直都希望自己能做到這一點。現在，你們就要畢業(yè)了，我也希望你們能夠這樣做。

[點評] 這篇短文取自于喬布斯在斯坦福大學畢業(yè)典禮上的演講。語言比較口語化，詞匯不難。因為是演講類短文，所以考生在翻譯的時候大可以順序驅動。節(jié)選的這個短文有幾處的詞匯和短 語大家可以注意下： poetic：充滿詩情畫意的 idealistic: 理想主義的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘

sign off: 停止簽發(fā)，停止

【C—E】

吸煙之危害，可謂大矣，其嚴重性是不能低估的。吸煙污染空氣，損害健康，使肺癌發(fā)病率大大增加。為了使各國人民關注煙草的盛行及預防吸煙導致的疾病和死亡，世界衛(wèi)生組織已將每年的5月31日定為“世界無煙日”。

癮君子們說，一天飯不吃可以，一個時辰不抽煙就難捱了，不能戒。只要真正意識到吸煙有百害而無一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。戒煙貴在堅持，堅持下去就是收獲。

【參考譯文】

Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated.Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer.To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO(World Health Organization)has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day.The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours.However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco.To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists, he’ll be rewarded.[點評] 這篇文章的主題是大家都很熟悉的“戒煙”。開篇的一些比較文言化的詞如“之”，“矣”，以及后面的習語“有百害而無一利”，“于人于己”等完全是“紙老虎”，大家根本不用害怕，只要將句子的大意弄懂，然后用白話文譯出即可化解難題。另外如“世界衛(wèi)生組織”這樣的專有名詞，切記不要譯錯，這種平時常見而考試常考的高頻詞，必須牢記。

2012秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

For years, many Asian-Americans have been convinced that it's harder for them to gain admission to the nation's top colleges.Studies show that Asian-Americans meet these colleges' admissions standards far out of proportion to their 6 percent representation in the U.S.population, and that they often need test scores hundreds of points higher than applicants from other ethnic groups to have an equal chance of admission.Critics say these numbers, along with the fact that some top colleges with race-blind admissions have double the Asian percentage of Ivy League schools, prove the existence of discrimination.The way it works, the critics believe, is that Asian-Americans are evaluated not as individuals, but against the thousands of other ultra-achieving Asians who are stereotyped as boring academic robots.Of course, not all Asian-Americans fit this stereotype.They are not always obedient hard workers who get top marks.Their economic status, ancestral countries and customs vary.But compared with American society in general, Asian-Americans have developed a much stronger emphasis on intense academic preparation as a path to a handful of the very best schools.【譯文】

多年來，許多美籍亞裔深信在美國要想被頂尖級名校錄取，他們需要付出更加艱辛的努力。研究表明，美籍亞裔中達到這些大學的入學要求的人數的比例與他們所占 美國總人口的百分之六的比例不相稱，并且要想獲得均等的入學機會，他們往往要考出比其他國家學生高出幾百分的成績。事實表明一些名牌大學在實行無種族歧視 的招生政策之后，使常春藤聯盟亞裔學生的招生比例翻了一番。評論家指出這些數據恰巧反映出歧視依然存在。評論家們認為，這種方式之所以行得通，是因為美籍亞裔學生并非作為個體被評估，而是被參照了許多做法極端的亞洲人而評估的，這些人為達到目的，刻板陳腐，像學術機器。當然，并非每個亞裔學生都是這種類型的。有些人并非寒窗苦讀，名列前茅。他們的家庭條件，血統，風俗習慣都不盡相同。但是總體來說，與一般的美國學生相比，亞裔學生更重視緊張的學業(yè)準備，這也是他們擠進那些頂尖名校的必經之路。

[評析] 這篇文章略有難度。整段由三個長句組成。因此翻譯時要理清思路，弄清句子前后的邏輯關系。然后再下筆。

主要是第二個句子，數據進行比較。一方是亞裔美籍能達到這些名校入學標準所占比例，另一方是亞裔美籍人 占美國總人口的比例6%，弄清這個關系，這句就不難翻譯了。”far out of”指的是“與?(很)不成比例，與?(很)不相稱”。第二個句子后半句，比較的是亞裔美籍人入這些名校的分數要比其他國家的人入這些學校要高出很多分，比較的是“不同民族不同分數”這樣一個概念?！癶igher than”關鍵詞 最后一句話，要注意找準句子主干，即“Critics say these numbers prove the existence of discrimination.”

【C—E】

近代以來，亞洲經歷了曲折和艱難的發(fā)展歷程。亞洲人們?yōu)楦淖冏约旱拿\，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進道路。今天，人們所看到的亞洲發(fā)展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結果。

亞洲人民深知，世界上沒有放之四海而皆準的發(fā)展模式，也沒有一成不變的發(fā)展道路，亞洲人民勇于變革創(chuàng)新，不斷開拓進取，探索和開辟適應時代潮流，符合自身實際的發(fā)展道路，為經濟社會發(fā)展打開了廣闊前景。

【譯文】

In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.2013年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors.Everybody starts talking about themselves.They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant.Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio.We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences.We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience.I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s.And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.” We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.” Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal.Now that seems an apt description of many Americans.【參考譯文】

如果你曾經當過陪審員，你可能會注意到一件有趣的事情：一旦關上了門，所有人就開始談論他們自己。他們會討論，如果自己是原告或被告的話會做什么。擔任陪審員的經歷讓我明白了我為什么無法忍受談話性的廣播節(jié)目。我們美國人似乎只剩下了談論自己經歷的能力。我們似乎無法拋開固有的成見進行總結，也無法客觀地分析與自身經歷相悖的證據。

我曾聽過一位醫(yī)生在之聲節(jié)目上講述一項研究，該研究發(fā)現鍛煉能降低阿茲海默癥（老年癡呆癥）的發(fā)病率。而此時聽眾的電話一個接著一個，紛紛迫不及待地表達反對意見：“嗯，我祖母從不鍛煉，但她活到了95歲。”我們身處的時代可以用一句話來總結：“我經歷過，所以我是對的?！睔v史上，無知之人的典型特征就是缺乏進行批判性思維、演繹推理和分辨?zhèn)€例與常態(tài)的能力。如今，用這句話描述許多美國人似乎恰如其分。

【C—E】

朝氣蓬勃，充滿活力，豐富多彩的上海是現代中國的縮影。雖然上海的文化遺跡不能與北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市風貌，風格各異的萬國建筑為這座城市注入了無限的魅力。今日之上海，已經成為享譽中外的國際大都市。

漫步在這座日新月異的現代大都市里，你會發(fā)現許多精彩的歷史亮點，隱現在眾多摩天大樓背后的是上海發(fā)展變化的軌跡。它們記述了上海自十九世紀末開埠以來，尤其是新中國成立以后，是如何迅猛發(fā)展的。

【參考譯文】

Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city the very epitome of modern China.Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own.Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis.A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past.Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai.They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.【評析】

該篇翻譯屬于經典話題，類似于上海城市介紹，考生如果熟悉教材，注意積累相關句型詞匯，特別是對“朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、縮影epitome、遺跡 heritage、城市風貌cosmopolitan feel、萬國建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表達，應該可以順利取得高分。

第三篇：高級口譯真題翻譯部分答案及講評

TRANSLATION TEST(30 minutes)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished.When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe , they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.” This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.分析：

① The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.譯文：成人與兒童世界的劃分是多方面的。// 劃分成人與兒童世界有很多方式。

考點： 轉態(tài)譯法：主被交換

② For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.譯文：例如 / 比方說，許多美國家長可能跟教會毫無瓜葛 / 不信教，對上帝是否存在也不置可否 / 深表懷疑，然而他們卻把孩子們送去主日學校（灌輸宗教思想），并幫助他們禱告。

考點： 正反譯法： be totally divorced from → 脫離（正譯）

→與……毫無瓜葛

entertain grave doubt about →深表懷疑（正譯）

→對……不置可否（反譯）

divorce: separate sth from sth in a wrong way.使脫離

may →可能

抽象譯法： church →教會

轉態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： be totally divorced from → 脫離

entertain: hold sth in the mind or feelings 持有；抱著；懷有

eg.entertain ideas, doubts, etc.持有想法；感到懷疑

名詞詞組譯為分句： the existence of God →上帝是否存在Sunday school → 主日學校：通常與教堂或猶太教堂有緊密聯系的學校，在星期日對兒童進行宗教教育。

③ American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales(in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished).譯文：美國家長在一個爾虞我詐備受推崇的競爭世界中努力打拼，卻用童話故事敷衍 / 搪塞孩子們，故事 / 從中講述正義與邪惡作斗爭，最終總是善有善報、惡有惡報 / 正義取得勝利而邪惡受到懲罰。

考點： 具體譯法：成語法： sheer cunning and falsehood → 爾虞我詐

轉態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are often rewarded and respected → 備受推崇

is pitted →作斗爭

the bad inevitably punished → 邪惡受到懲罰

定語從句的翻譯：省略法/重復法

轉性譯法：形容詞→名詞 the good→ 正義 the bad→ 邪惡

形容詞 →動詞 the good inevitably is successful→ 善有善報；正義取得勝利

合詞譯法： rewarded and respected→ 備受推崇

nursery tale: fairy tale 童話故事

④ When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.譯文：如果美國夫妻鬧矛盾 / 在美國，夫妻失和時，他們在孩子面前卻是一副其樂融融的樣子。

考點： front: ⑴ out-ward appearance or show, esp.of the specified type 外表；樣子；模樣

put on/show/present a bold front → 裝出大膽的樣子

eg.Her rudeness is just a front for her shyness.她的粗暴只不過是掩蓋她的怯懦而已。

⑵ a front for sth : something that serves to hide an illegal or a secret activity 幌子

eg.The jewellery firm is just a front for their illegal trade in diamonds.珠寶商店正是他們進行鉆石非法交易的庇護所。

⑶（常與形容詞或名詞連用）領域；界 on the domestic, financial, education, etc.front 在家庭（財政、教育）領域

合詞譯法： sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

轉性譯法：名詞→形容詞 sweetness and light →其樂融融；和藹可親

⑤ Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.”

譯文：即便美國家長在生意場或日常生活中遭受沉重打擊 / 一敗涂地，他們也會義無反顧地對孩子們說：“親愛的 / 寶貝，一切將會好起來的?！?/p>

考點： catastrophe: a complete failure;a fiasco: 大?。粡氐椎氖。粦K敗

（同）： disaster, calamity, cataclysm, blow, reverse, misfortune, affliction, adversity, tragedy, mishap, fiasco, flop（反）： triumph

⑥ This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.譯文一：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時候才告訴孩子們，這一點也證實了美國人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開的愿望。

譯文二：美國人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是設法晚點將消息告訴他們的子女。

考點： 換序譯法：賓語先行，主語置后。

轉性譯法：形容詞→動詞 separate →隔離；劃清界線

名詞→副詞 practice →總是

轉態(tài)譯法：主被交換： is exemplified also by → 這一點也證實了

省略被動詞： have been killed →喪生

exemplify（同）： illustrate, show, instance, demonstrate, exhibit, manifest, represent, embody

⑦ Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.譯文：總而言之，美國父母們面對著現實的世界，而他們的子女卻活在近乎完美 / 理想化的虛幻世界，在這個世界中，父母生活的世界中的規(guī)則統統不適用，而且規(guī)則的執(zhí)行是要打折扣的 // 而且不可能完全執(zhí)行，甚至兩者背道而馳。

考點： 正反譯法： unreal →不真實（正譯）

→虛幻（反譯）

watered down →打折扣（正譯）

→不可能完全執(zhí)行（反譯）

water down: to reduce the strength or effectiveness of:

削弱：削減了…的力量或效力：

轉性譯法：名詞→形容詞 reality →現實的轉態(tài)譯法：省略被動詞： are watered down→ 是要打折扣的are even reversed → 甚至兩者背道而馳

第四篇：中英雙語口譯文本

加強企業(yè)社會責任

推動和諧社會建設 ——在“中國-瑞典企業(yè)社會責任高層論壇”上的演講

Strengthening CSR for a Harmonious Society---Speech at the Sino-Swedish CSR High-level Forum

商務部副部長

于廣洲（2008年4月14日）

By Yu Guangzhou, Vice Minister of Commerce

April 14, 2008

尊敬的賴因費爾特首相，各位來賓，女士們、先生們： Your Excellency Prime Minister Reinfeldt, Delegates, Ladies and gentlemen, 下午好！Good afternoon.四月的北京，春意盎然，鮮花盛開。值此美好時刻，我們迎來了“中國—瑞典企業(yè)社會責任高層論壇”的召開。去年6月胡錦濤主席訪問瑞典期間，商務部與瑞典外交部代表兩國政府簽署了《關于企業(yè)社會責任合作的諒解備忘錄》，標志著兩國在這一領域的合作正式啟動，對促進兩國經濟的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展具有十分重要的意義。今天，兩國朋友們齊聚一堂，就企業(yè)社會責任開展深入交流，必將對兩國企業(yè)社會責任建設產生積極的影響。

Here in Beijing in April, spring is high in the air and flowers are in full blossom.On this delightful day, we celebrate the convening of the Sino-Swedish CSR High-level Forum.Last June during the visit of President Hu Jintao to Sweden, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce and Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs signed an MOU on Cooperation in CSR on behalf of their respective governments, which officially kicked off our bilateral CSR cooperation and was vitally important for the sustained, steady and sound development of our economies.Today, we have Chinese and Swedish friends gathered here to discuss in greater depth on the topic of CSR, which I believe will positively shape our future CSR collaboration.企業(yè)社會責任運動自上世紀80年代興起后，已經成為世界潮流。強調企業(yè)社會責任，就是要求企業(yè)對投資者負責的同時，對員工負責，對消費者負責，對商業(yè)伙伴負責，對環(huán)境和社會負責。國內外企業(yè)的成功經驗表明，社會責任也是企業(yè)的品牌，是企業(yè)核心競爭力的組成部分，是企業(yè)長盛不衰的重要法寶。企業(yè)要生存和發(fā)展，就必須增強社會責任意識，積極履行社會義務。我們有理由相信，未來的企業(yè)競爭，將不再僅僅是產品的競爭、技術的競爭和人才的競爭，更是履行社會責任的競爭?！百浫嗣倒澹钟杏嘞恪?。企業(yè)在履行社會責任、促進社會和諧的同時，自身也會得到更大的發(fā)展。

Since the 1980s, CSR has gone from being a new term to a global trend.Putting emphasis on CSR means companies not only have to be responsible to their investors, but also to their employees, customers, business partners, and to the environment and society.International success stories also show that CSR is part of a company’s brand image and its core competitiveness.It is a vital source of sustained prosperity for business.So in order to survive and grow, it is imperative that companies should raise their CSR awareness and actively fulfill their social responsibilities.We have every reason to believe that future business competition will diversify from specific products, technology and talents toward CSR performance.As the proverb goes, “The rose is in her hand and the fragrance in mine”, companies benefit from their efforts to honor CSR and promote social harmony.隨著社會主義市場經濟的逐步完善，中國大多數企業(yè)的社會責任意識也在不斷增強。它們恪守誠信，合法經營，努力為國內外消費者提供高質量的商品，注重節(jié)約，保護環(huán)境，努力履行社會義務。一些企業(yè)還主動發(fā)布社會責任報告，公開履行社會責任狀況，自覺接受社會監(jiān)督。當然，受經濟發(fā)展水平和發(fā)展階段的制約，中國經濟增長方式還比較粗放，能源資源消耗多，環(huán)境保護壓力大，少數企業(yè)還存在一些片面追求經濟效益、忽視社會責任的行為。

As the socialist market economy gradually improves, there is also a growing sense of social responsibility among the vast majority of Chinese companies.They abide by the code of ethics and lawful operation and are committed to providing high-quality products for domestic and foreign consumers.They pay attention to conservation, environmental protection and CSR fulfillment.Some companies go even further by publishing their CSR reports to disclose their CSR performance and to voluntarily subject themselves to public scrutiny.Of course, constrained by the level and stage of its economic development, China still practices a rough-edged economic growth model, featuring high energy and resources consumption and high environmental costs.A handful of companies are still single-mindedly seeking profits and turning a blind eye to their social responsibilities.中國政府歷來重視企業(yè)社會責任建設，尤其是近年來的工作力度明顯加大。2007年，商務部聯合環(huán)保部門下發(fā)了《關于加強出口企業(yè)環(huán)境監(jiān)管的通知》，限制不履行社會環(huán)境責任的企業(yè)從事對外貿易；出臺了《國家級經濟技術開發(fā)區(qū)加強社會責任的若干意見》，要求開發(fā)區(qū)企業(yè)加強履行社會責任；還調整了加工貿易政策，禁止不履行社會責任的企業(yè)開展加工貿易。國資委出臺了《中央企業(yè)履行社會責任的指導意見》，要求央企帶頭履行社會責任。今年1月1日中國開始實施的新《勞動合同法》，為建設和諧的勞資關系奠定了法律基礎。相信在企業(yè)和政府部門的共同努力下，中國的企業(yè)社會責任建設將不斷取得新的成就。

The Chinese government has consistently attached great importance to the CSR initiative and has intensified its efforts in recent years.In 2007, MOFCOM joined the former CEPA in issuing the Circular on Enhancing Environmental Surveillance on Exporting Enterprises, to restrict socially irresponsible enterprises from conducting foreign trade.It promulgated the Opinions on Strengthening CSR at State Economic and Technological Development Zones, to urge enterprises based in development zones to better fulfill their CSR.It also adjusted its processing trade policy to ban CSR-neglecting enterprises from doing processing trade.In parallel, SASAC published the Guidelines on CSR Fulfillment by Central-level Enterprises, demanding a leadership by central-level enterprises in CSR implementation.The new Labor Contract Law which became effective on January 1, 2008 laid a legal foundation for a harmonious employer-employee relationship.I believe through the joint efforts in public and private sectors, CSR will continue to make new progress in China.個人認為，今后中國企業(yè)的社會責任建設要貫穿“一條主線”，突出“三個結合”，實現“四個和諧”。

As I see it, CSR among Chinese enterprises should follow through “one main thread”, focus on “three alignments” and achieve “four harmonies”.——貫穿“一條主線”，就是要始終貫徹落實科學發(fā)展觀。要在科學發(fā)展觀的指導下，把加強企業(yè)社會責任作為轉變經濟發(fā)展方式的重 要抓手，把企業(yè)的經濟效益和社會效益結合起來，眼前利益和長遠發(fā)展結合起來，局部利益和整體利益結合起來，企業(yè)發(fā)展和員工成長結合起來，走出一條經濟效益好、社會效益高、資源消耗低、環(huán)境污染少、消費者權益得到充分保障、員工利益得到充分維護的有中國特色的企業(yè)社會責任建設道路，推動社會主義和諧社會建設，實現經濟社會可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

On following through the “one main thread”.It means sticking to the scientific outlook on development.Guided by this outlook, we should use CSR as a major enabler for transforming the economic growth model, for balancing business profits with social benefits, immediate interests with long-term development, partial gains with overall interests, and business growth with employee development.The aim is to embark on a road of CSR with Chinese characteristic, featuring high economic and social productivity, low resource consumption and pollution, effective protection of consumer and employee rights and interests and to move ahead with building a socialist harmonious society and to achieve sustainable socio-economic development.——突出“三個結合”，一是政府倡導和企業(yè)實踐相結合。政府要創(chuàng)造環(huán)境、營造氛圍，積極引導，加強監(jiān)管，規(guī)范企業(yè)承擔法定社會責任，倡導企業(yè)承擔道義性社會責任，懲戒企業(yè)嚴重違反社會責任的行為。企業(yè)要發(fā)揮主體地位，樹立現代經營觀念，對社會負責，自覺接受社會監(jiān)督。二是國外經驗和中國國情相結合。要加強國際交流與 合作，充分借鑒包括瑞典在內的其他國家的先進經驗，推動中國企業(yè)社會責任建設健康發(fā)展。同時，要立足中國國情，充分考慮經濟社會發(fā)展水平和企業(yè)承受能力，防止盲目追求不切實際的高標準，避免對企業(yè)和社會造成沖擊。三是重點突破和全面推進相結合。要抓薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，抓關鍵環(huán)節(jié)，抓影響全局的環(huán)節(jié)，尤其是高耗能、高污染、勞動力密集型以及容易出現安全事故的行業(yè)和領域。同時，要以點帶面，循序漸進，不斷總結經驗，促進企業(yè)社會責任整體水平的提高。

On focusing on the “three alignments”.First is the alignment of government advocacy with business practice.The government needs to create incentives, give positive direction and strengthen supervision.They should require enterprises to take on mandatory social responsibility, encourage them to take on moral social responsibility and penalize enterprises against severe anti-CSR practices.Companies need to play a central role, update their operational philosophy, be responsible to the society and discipline themselves under the public eye.Second is the alignment of international best practice with China’s national conditions.International exchanges and cooperation must step up to fully internalize the best practices of countries such as Sweden and push forward CSR compliance among Chinese enterprises.At the same time, China needs to proceed from its national conditions, take into full account the level of its socio-economic development and the capability of companies, and refrain from pursuing over-ambitious targets to the detriment of business and the society.Third is the alignment of critical breakthroughs and comprehensive progress.We need to target weak yet critical linkages which may affect the overall outcome, especially industries and sectors which have a high level of energy consumption and pollution, which are labor-intensive and prone to safety incidents.At the same time, we should start with small steps, build on existing experience, and gradually enhance the overall performance of CSR.——實現“四個和諧”，一是企業(yè)與員工之間的和諧。要促進勞資關系的協調，充分發(fā)揮人力資源潛能，保障員工分享企業(yè)經營成果，實現員工職業(yè)生涯與企業(yè)發(fā)展壯大的有機統一。二是企業(yè)與企業(yè)之間的和諧。要構建健康的商業(yè)伙伴關系，既要立足競爭，又要重視合作，形成誠實守信、公平競爭、共同發(fā)展的良好市場環(huán)境。三是企業(yè)與社會之間的和諧。企業(yè)要切實增強社會責任意識，充分履行作為社會“公民”的應盡義務，既努力為社會和諧服務，也為企業(yè)自身發(fā)展營造良好的社會環(huán)境。四是人與自然的和諧。要把企業(yè)發(fā)展模式切實轉變到依靠技術進步、產品創(chuàng)新和資源節(jié)約上來，通過節(jié)約發(fā)展、清潔發(fā)展和安全發(fā)展，建設資源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好型社會，實現人與自然的和諧共處。

On the “four harmonies”.First is the harmony between employers and employees.We need to harmonize the employer-employee relationship, fully unlock employee potential, ensure employees’ legitimate share in business profits and enable employees’ career advancement alongside business expansion.Second is the harmony among enterprises.We need to build a healthy business partnership that is both competitive and collaborative.We need to foster a level playing field that respects honest and ethical business practices, fair competition and common development.The third is the harmony between business and the society.Companies need to increase their CSR awareness and behave as fully responsible social citizens.They should work toward social harmony and a business-friendly social environment.The fourth is the harmony between man and nature.We need to transform the business growth model into one that is powered by technological advances, product innovation and resource conservation, build a resource-conserving and environmentally-friendly society and achieve the harmony between man and nature through economical, cleaner and safer developments.女士們，先生們，Ladies and gentlemen 中瑞兩國政府高度重視企業(yè)社會責任領域的合作。瑞典作為發(fā)達的市場經濟國家，在企業(yè)社會責任建設方面擁有豐富經驗；中國作為快速發(fā)展的新興經濟體，正在積極開展企業(yè)社會責任建設。今天上午，雙方共同啟動了社會責任合作網站，舉辦了培訓班開班儀式。我衷心地希望，中瑞政府相關部門和企業(yè)界按照兩國高層領導人達成的共識，不斷加強交流與合作，相互學習和借鑒，把企業(yè)社會責任建設不 斷推向前進。

The Chinese and Swedish governments both attach great importance to their bilateral CSR collaboration.Sweden as a developed market economy is tremendously experienced with CSR.China as a fast-growing emerging economy is actively pursuing CSR.This morning, China and Sweden launched a joint CSR website and training program.I sincerely hope the consensus of senior Chinese and Swedish leadership will be acted upon by both governments and businesses, through intensified collaboration and mutual learning, so as to take the CSR endeavor forward.預祝論壇圓滿成功！謝謝大家！

To conclude, I wish the Forum a complete success.Thank you.

第五篇：翻譯題部分答案

英語翻譯第一章

1． Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.她砰地關上門，一聲不吭地走了，他們間那場爭執(zhí)就此結束

2． The guest at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.出席晚宴的客人對那個美國人威嚴的語氣感到有點以外

3． Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.約翰尼已長大成熟，不再害怕獨自呆在家里了

4． While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.當全部乘客都向出口處走去時，他卻獨自留在座位上，好象不愿意離開這架飛機似的5． The letter is to be handed to Dr.Wilson himself.這封信必須交給威爾遜博士本人

6． While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.南希雖然很想參加辯論，但靦腆得不敢開口

7． What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?

你覺得什么時候最有可能在家里找到他

8． The hunter’s face(was)lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the

direction of/ make for the trap he had laid.獵人一看見有只狐貍從樹叢中出現并向他設下的陷阱方向跑去，臉上頓時閃出了興奮的表情

英語翻譯第二章

1． It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of 11 be appointed to make a new constitution.會上有人建議任命一個十一人委員會來制定新章程

2． By making on-the-spot observation, the young scientist obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.這些青年科學家通過現場觀察，獲得了研究工作所需的第一手資料

3． It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.他很可能會因視力不好而被拒收入伍

4． The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.委員會成員在新機場最佳選址這一問題上持有不同意見

5.Henry’s works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother’s.亨利創(chuàng)作的藝術品在許多方面比他兄弟的要好

6.The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment.我們產品質量的穩(wěn)步提高在很大程度上是由于設備有所改進

7.Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn’t because as a soldier he had to obey the order.吉姆本想按照自己的判斷行事，但他沒有這樣做，因為作為軍人他得服從命令

8.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars.I should not hesitate a

moment to prefer the latter.如果讓我來決定我們是要一個沒有自行車的城市呢，還是要一個沒有汽車的城市，我會毫不猶豫地選擇后者

英語翻譯第三章

1.She got a post as a cashier at a local bank.But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.她在當地一家銀行找到一份出納員的工作，但不久因不稱職而被解雇了。

2.It is obviously/clearly his young assistant who is running the book store.很明顯是他的年輕助手在經營這家書店。

3.No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to her feet to protest.這項建議在會上一宣布，她就站起來提出異議。

4.Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are slim.比爾已向哈佛大學申請助教職位，但他得到它的可能性很小。

5.Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.由于缺乏資金，他們正在想辦法吸引外資。

6.The room smells of stale air.It must have been vacant for a long time.這個房間有股霉味，一定是好久沒人住了。

7.As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.就業(yè)余愛好而言，珍妮和她妹妹幾乎沒有什么共同之處。

8.It is self-evident that the education of the young is vital to the future of a country.不言而喻，青年人的教育對于一個國家的未來是至關重要的。

英語翻譯第四章

1.The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over/down.那小女孩跑的太快，身體一下失去平衡，跌倒了。

2.I was impressed by his devotion to his research but I did not have the slightest interest in his profound theories.他致力于研究工作的精神給我留下了很深刻印象，但我對他那些深奧的理論絲毫不感興趣。

3.Be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood.千萬別說可能會被人誤解的話。

4.I was so bewildered by their conflicting advice that I did not know how to act.我被他們互相矛盾的意見搞糊涂了，不知如何去做才是。

5.At first this complicated problem frustrated them, but after thinking it over carefully they finally worked out a solution.起初，這個復雜問題使他們感到灰心喪氣，但經過仔細思考他們終于研究出了解決辦法。

6． The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight when a young pioneer presented him with a bunch of flowers.體育代表團團長在少先隊員向他獻上一束鮮花時愉快地笑了。

7． I really don’t see why our English teacher should single out our monitor for praise since we have all done quite well this term.這學期我們都學習不錯，我真不明白為什么我們的英語老師單單表揚了班長一個人。

8． I believe in the theory that the higher animals developed from the lower ones.我相信比較高級的動物是由比較低級的動物進化而來的這一學說。

英語翻譯第六章

1.If / As long as you keep on trying, you will be able to resolve this difficult problem sooner or later.只要你不斷努力，你遲早會解決這個難題的。

2.We anticipate encountering / that we will encounter resistance to our plan / our plan will meet with resistance.我們預料我們的計劃會受到抵制。

3.Jim’s friends said that the noise pollution in their city was terrible, but they had to live with it.吉姆的朋友說，他們那個城市的噪音污染十分嚴重，但是他們只好忍著。

4.At first Tom thought that with his knowledge, skill and experience he was bound to find a satisfactory job.湯姆起初認為，憑他的知識、技術和經驗，一定能夠找到一份稱心如意的工作。

5.It would be wise(advisable)to handle this delicate problem with calmness and patience.冷靜耐心的處理這個微妙問題是明智的。

6.Dick thought that if he was not able to take the machine apart, chances were that no other worker in the plant could, either.迪克認為如果他拆不開那臺機器，那么很可能廠里別的工人也拆不開。

7.Do you think bus drivers should take full responsibility for the passenger’s safety.你是否認為公共汽車司機應對乘客的安全負完全的責任？

8.You need not dwell on your mistakes in judgment any more.What’s important is to try your best to avoid repeating them.你不必再去多想判斷上的那些失誤了。重要的是盡量避免再犯。

英語翻譯第六章

1.The local people’s response to the new security measures was enthusiastic.當地居民對新的安全措施反應熱烈。

2.What good will it do to argue with him if he takes a negative attitude toward the whole thing?要是他對整個事情持否定態(tài)度，跟他爭辯還有什么用呢？

3.Just before he was released from jail.Vingo wrote a letter to his wife asking she would have him back.就在文戈獲釋之前，他給妻子寫了封信，問她是否愿意讓他回去。

4.The criminal was given a stiff sentence of fifteen years.那名罪犯被從嚴判處十五年徒刑。

5.The doctor told Mrs.Nolen that her decision to move to the countryside was an intelligent one and probably had helped to

a certain degree to bring back her health.醫(yī)生對諾蘭太太說，她搬到鄉(xiāng)下去住的明智決定在一定程度上幫助她恢復了健康。

6.His room was small but quite cozy, with a fireplace, a soft chair and a sofa.He seemed contented with it.他那個房間有壁爐、軟椅和沙發(fā)，雖然小些，但挺舒適?？磥硭軡M意。

7.The policeman asked the driver to describe the accident in a greater detail.警察要求司機把事故講述得更詳細一些。

8.Peter is not good at maths, but when it comes to sports, he is the best in the class.彼得的數學不好，但要說到體育，他卻是班上最好的。

英語翻譯第八章

1.Vast amounts of investment have enabled the economy of the area to grow rapidly.巨額投資使這一地區(qū)的經濟得以迅速發(fā)展。

2.They launched a campaign to raise money for a new hospital.他們?yōu)樾陆ㄒ凰t(yī)院開展籌款運動。

3.It is true that success lies in diligence.成功在于勤奮，這句話很正確。

4.Men of high moral standards, they are never to be tempted to take such expensive gifts.他們都具有很高的道德標準，決不會受誘惑接受如此貴重的禮品。

5.There are indications that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation.有跡象表明，不少工廠正面臨這十分困難的局面。

6.The police arrested the criminal on a charge of armed robbery several hours after they found an important clue to his identity.警方找到罪犯是誰的重要線索后，在幾個小時內就以武裝搶劫罪拘捕了他。

7.Investigation has revealed that retirement tends to cause psychological troubles for some people.調查揭示，對某些人來說，退休往往會造成心理上的病痛。

8.The medical team did more than complain about the relatively poor working conditions at the local hospital.For instance,several doctors bought simple medical instruments with their own money.醫(yī)療隊并沒有一味抱怨當地醫(yī)院較差的工作條件。比如說，好幾位醫(yī)生就曾用自己的錢購置了簡單的醫(yī)療器械。

英語翻譯第九章

1.Everything indicates that something has gone wrong with his plan.一切都表明他的計劃出了毛病。

2.The author thinks that we should not take it for granted that those who score high on intelligence tests will certainly

do well in practical work.作者認為，我們不應想當然地以為那些智力測驗得分高的人在實際工作中就一定能干得好。

3.I singled out a few English idioms to test my classmates

我挑出幾條英語成語(idiom),考了一下我的同班同學．

4.Three professors were invited to design the curriculum for new teachers assess.三位教授被請來對新教員設計的教案做出評估.5.This is but just a small loss to us.Don't make a fuss over it.這對我們來說是個很小的損失,不要大驚小怪.6.He scored far more than any of his opponents, which proved him a worthy winner.他比任何對手的得分都高很多,證明他不愧為一個勝利者.7.The two animals are alike in appearance, but they belong to different species.這兩只動物外貌很相似，但它們屬于不同的種類

8.I don't know for sure whether the bank will grant him the loan he has applied for.我并不確切知道他申請的貸款（loan）銀行是否會給。

英語翻譯第十章

1.Through the article the author wants to convey to the readers his opinion on praise and criticism.作家想通過這篇文章向讀者傳達她對贊揚與批評的看法。

2.Of the dozen of waitresses in the restaurant, only three have had any previous experience.這家餐館十二名女侍中，只有三名先前有過干這種活兒的經歷。

3.Though he isn't much of a scholar, the teacher does know how to teach a course in a lively and interesting manner.這位教師可能不是一個了不起的學者，但他的確懂得怎樣把一門課教得活潑而有趣。(in a...manner)

4.We often find that to apply a rule is much more difficult than to know it.我們常常發(fā)現運用一個規(guī)律比懂得它要難得多。

5.She never scolds her children for squabbling.Instead, she gives them a few words of praise when they play quietly.她從不因為孩子們爭吵便責罵他們，而是在他們安安靜靜地玩耍時贊揚幾句。

6.Mr.Green was always critical of his daughter's writings, but somehow he commented favorably on that poorly written poem of hers.格林先生老是挑他女兒寫作的刺兒，但不知怎的，對她那首寫得很差的詩歌卻給予好評。

7.Quite a few students in our class were publicly criticized by the teacher for failing to hand in their compositions on time.我們班上有不少學生因為沒有按時交作業(yè)而受到教師的當眾批評。

8.A good teacher should be very alert to his students' progress.If their progress is ignored, the students will feel discouraged.一位好的教師應對學生取得的進步非常敏感。如果學生的進步被忽視，他們就會感到沮喪。