第一篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學(xué)中考應(yīng)用文體

作文指導(dǎo)復(fù)習(xí)

今年中考寫作側(cè)重實(shí)用，可能會(huì)涉及應(yīng)用文體?，F(xiàn)把中考容易出現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用文體簡(jiǎn)介如下，希望同學(xué)們認(rèn)真保存。

1．書信

一般書信（包括請(qǐng)柬）包括五個(gè)部分：（1）稱呼。信紙第一行頂格寫，后面加冒號(hào)。（2）正文。第二行空兩格寫起，轉(zhuǎn)行頂格?？捎腥舾啥温洹＃?）結(jié)尾。正文寫完，如果正文最后一行空格比較多，可以接著寫“此致”、“?！钡仍~語，否則，另起一行空兩格或四格寫“此致”、“?！钡仍~語。然后另起一行頂格寫“敬禮”、“進(jìn)步”等祝頌語。（4）署名。一般寫在祝頌詞下行的后半行。（5）日期。寫在署名下一行，靠右邊寫上年月日。

請(qǐng)柬除具有書信的特點(diǎn)外，還要特別寫明出席的具體時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)。用語要客氣有禮貌。另外，還要注意信封的寫法。要寫清收信方的郵政編碼和詳細(xì)地址。收信人的姓名、稱呼位置居中。稱呼是郵遞員對(duì)收信人的稱呼，不宜寫“父母大人”、“姐姐”等稱呼。發(fā)信人的詳細(xì)地址及郵編要寫清楚。如果是掛號(hào)信，還要寫清發(fā)信人姓名。

2．啟事

啟事的寫法是：第一行正中寫啟事的名稱，如“征文啟事”。第二行空兩格起，寫啟事內(nèi)容。末尾右下方分兩行寫署名、日期。啟事的有些內(nèi)容要十分具體明確，如地址、時(shí)間、聯(lián)系辦法等。有些內(nèi)容就不應(yīng)寫得具體明確，如“失物招領(lǐng)”中有關(guān)失物的詳情，以防冒領(lǐng)。

3．通知

通知的一般格式是：第一行居中寫“通知”二字。第二行頂格寫被通知方的名稱，加冒號(hào)（如果正文已明確了通知的對(duì)象，被通知方的名稱也可略去）。下行空兩格起寫正文，如果正文內(nèi)容較多，可分條寫，以便讀者把握內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。署名和日期分兩行寫在正文的右下方。

4．申請(qǐng)書

寫申請(qǐng)書的目的是通過向上級(jí)或有關(guān)主管部門提出自己明確而具體的某種要求并申明理由，以期得到批準(zhǔn)。申請(qǐng)書的一般格式是：（1）標(biāo)題括事由和文件名稱，如“入團(tuán)申請(qǐng)書”。（2）正文包括申請(qǐng)?jiān)颍ê暾?qǐng)者有關(guān)方面的基本狀況）、事項(xiàng)、理由和要求。（3）結(jié)尾署明申請(qǐng)者和日期。寫申請(qǐng)書，事項(xiàng)要明確，態(tài)度要積極，言辭要懇切，理由要充分。

5、計(jì)劃 現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，工作和學(xué)習(xí)都要講求效率，有計(jì)劃才能保證高效率。寫計(jì)劃，要求做到明確、具體、簡(jiǎn)要。計(jì)劃一般包括三個(gè)部分：①標(biāo)題，即計(jì)劃的名稱。②內(nèi)容，即計(jì)劃的正文，是主要部分，可以分三項(xiàng)來寫：前言，概括說明為什么要訂這個(gè)計(jì)劃；目的任務(wù)，寫計(jì)劃要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)和要求，這一項(xiàng)內(nèi)容要寫得明確；具體措施，一般是分條寫幾項(xiàng)具體做法，便于實(shí)行，也便于檢查落實(shí)情況。③計(jì)劃制訂者（單位或個(gè)人）和日期，這是最后的署名。

6、總結(jié)

總結(jié)，按內(nèi)容寬窄分有綜合總結(jié)、專題總結(jié)；按寫總結(jié)者分有部門總結(jié)、單位總結(jié)、個(gè)人總結(jié)等；按性質(zhì)分有工作總結(jié)、學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)、生產(chǎn)總結(jié)等?？偨Y(jié)一般包括四個(gè)部分：①基本情況；②成績(jī)和缺點(diǎn)；③經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)；④存在的問題和改進(jìn)措施。

7.講演稿

寫講演稿和寫議論文相近，議論文里的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、論證方法、立論、駁論等知識(shí)和要求，都可以用到講演里面。一篇講演稿要有一個(gè)中心，而且觀點(diǎn)要鮮明，舉例要典型，這樣才能在聽眾中留下深刻的印象，會(huì)引起強(qiáng)烈的反響。講演稿的結(jié)構(gòu)要清晰、完整，使聽眾容易聽明白。在表達(dá)上要注意感情色彩，把說理和抒情結(jié)合起來，做到以理服人，以情感人。講演稿的語言要生動(dòng)，把抽象的道理形象化，把概括的東西具體化，可以適當(dāng)運(yùn)用警句、諺語、成語等，也可以根據(jù)情景恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用幽默的語言。有的講演還受時(shí)間限制，必須在規(guī)定 1 的時(shí)間內(nèi)講完，因此講演稿的長(zhǎng)短要與規(guī)定的講演時(shí)間相適應(yīng)。

13、倡議書

倡議書由標(biāo)題、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語、署名、日期幾部分組成。正文包括以下內(nèi)容：①提出倡議的背景和目的；②倡議的內(nèi)容和事項(xiàng)；③倡議者的決心和希望。

14、建議書

建議書是個(gè)人或單位向上級(jí)或有關(guān)機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體提出意見、有所建議時(shí)使用的一種文書。建議書沒有號(hào)召群眾去從事某一活動(dòng)的意思，這是它與倡議書的異點(diǎn)。建議書一般包括五個(gè)部分：①標(biāo)題；②頂格寫明送交建議書的機(jī)關(guān)、單位名稱或個(gè)人姓名（即向誰提建議）；③正文。寫明建議的原因、建議的具體事項(xiàng)、建議者的愿望。④落款。署上建議者的姓名或單位名稱。⑤時(shí)間，寫明年月日。

15、祝賀信

寫祝賀信要注意：①要清楚祝賀者和被祝賀者的關(guān)系；②要緊緊扣住一個(gè)中心寫，祝賀什么，為什么表示祝賀，也可以寫出自己的想法、態(tài)度和意見；③要出于真情實(shí)感；④語言簡(jiǎn)潔扼要，通俗流暢，不刻意雕飾。

16、表揚(yáng)信

寫表揚(yáng)信要把表揚(yáng)的事實(shí)（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事情的經(jīng)過和結(jié)果）寫出來，內(nèi)容要具體，但一定要實(shí)事求是。還要簡(jiǎn)略分析一下被表揚(yáng)人的精神和品質(zhì)，以便激勵(lì)自己教育別人。

17、感謝信

寫感謝信要把感謝的事實(shí)敘述清楚，對(duì)方在什么時(shí)間、什么地點(diǎn)，由于什么原因、做了什么好事，對(duì)自己或單位有什么支持和幫助，事情有什么好的結(jié)果和影響，并把感謝的心情、學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度和決心表達(dá)出來。語言要樸素、感情要真摯，切忌泛泛而談、虛情假意。

參考寫作題：

1.請(qǐng)將下面這首詩(shī)改寫成一封致友人的信。

關(guān)于謠言 蘇叔陽

不要，不要計(jì)較 別人怎樣議論你。因?yàn)橹{言像影子 總是追逐成績(jī)。

除非你步入濃黑的暗夜，那就和影子擁抱在一起； 讓太陽掛在你的頭頂吧，謠言就萎縮在你的腳底！

2.（2012年四川宜賓作文題）面對(duì)成長(zhǎng)的煩惱或欣喜，面對(duì)環(huán)境的日漸破壞和惡化，面對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的頻繁發(fā)生和世界局勢(shì)的動(dòng)蕩不安，面對(duì)??你肯定有許多思考想要傾訴。

請(qǐng)以“致____的一封信”為題目寫一篇文章，抒發(fā)真情實(shí)感。要求：（１）將題目補(bǔ)充完整；（２）注意書信格式。

3.（2009年浙江寧波）書信是人們交流思想的工具，表達(dá)方式較為靈活，可以記述見聞，訴說真情，評(píng)論時(shí)事，探討問題，說明原委。請(qǐng)以“致××的信”為副標(biāo)題寫一封不少于500字的信，自主立意，自擬正標(biāo)題。

4.（2010年浙江嘉興中考作文題）書信是我們交流思想、表達(dá)情感最常見的方式?！杜c朱元 2

思書》描繪了一幅充滿生機(jī)的大自然畫卷；《就英法聯(lián)軍火燒圓明園致巴特勒上尉的一封信》憤怒地譴責(zé)了侵略者的罪行；《傅雷家書》傳遞著動(dòng)人的舐犢之情；《致女兒的一封信》則用充滿詩(shī)意的故事闡釋了生命的真諦??請(qǐng)你選擇一個(gè)渴望交流的對(duì)象，以寫信的方式追憶往事、傳遞情感、關(guān)注現(xiàn)實(shí)、暢想未來，展開心靈對(duì)話吧！

請(qǐng)以“寫給__________”為題，寫一篇文章。

要求：（1）請(qǐng)選擇下列五個(gè)詞語中的一個(gè)，填入標(biāo)題橫線處，使之完整；

自己 班主任 溫總理 螞蟻 未來

（2）字?jǐn)?shù)不少于600；

（3）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名、地名、校名。

擬題：

1.面臨即將開始的高中生活，你一定充滿了向往。高中有各類各樣的學(xué)生團(tuán)體，如學(xué)生會(huì)、球迷協(xié)會(huì)、文學(xué)社團(tuán)等。請(qǐng)選一個(gè)你感興趣的社團(tuán)，寫一則申請(qǐng)書。

2.或許在將來的某一天，當(dāng)你推開教室門，看到的不再是嬉戲的好友，聊天或睡覺玩手機(jī)的那些兄弟姐妹，那些你喜歡或者討厭的老師們，而是一間空曠的，毫無生機(jī)的放滿桌椅卻落滿塵埃的教室。桌子還在原位，黑板上還有一道未來得及算出的數(shù)學(xué)題，還有那已經(jīng)是零的大大的倒計(jì)時(shí)，窗簾還是熟悉的顏色，可是那些記憶里永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的身影，已經(jīng)消失不見了??

即將告別學(xué)習(xí)生活了三年的學(xué)校，回首往事，你對(duì)學(xué)校的一草一木，一桌一椅是否充滿感情？學(xué)校的老師、同學(xué)是否有讓你傾訴的愿望？是否想給初

一、初二的學(xué)弟學(xué)妹提一些建議？請(qǐng)寫一封信給他（她或它），表達(dá)你的情感。

第二篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學(xué)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) Module4-6達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)三

Module4-6達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)三

一單項(xiàng)選擇。

()1.—________ meat do we need to buy?

—Three ________.A.How much;kiloB.How many;kilo

C.How much;kilosD.How many;kilos

()2.This blue down coat(羽絨服)looks nice.I want to ________.A.try up itB.try on itC.try it upD.try it on

()3.—________?

—I’d like to buy some chicken.A.How about going to the cinemaB.What are you doing now

C.What will you do at homeD.What can I do for you()4.—_______ is the building?

—About fifty metres.A.How long B.How muchC.How old D.How high

()5.—What is that _______ the street?

—I think that’s a clothes shop.A.in the end B.in the end of

C.at the end D.at the end of()6.—Thank you for helping me.—_______A.See you.B.Have a nice day.C.You are welcome.D.That’s very kind of you.二．詞匯運(yùn)用

A.根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成句子。每空限填一詞。

31.My favourite fruit is the ________(檸檬).32.Do you know the ________(價(jià)錢)of the strawberry?

33.We will ________(比較)these two reports(報(bào)告)carefully.34.My mother enjoys going to the ________(市場(chǎng)).35.You can see flowers ________(在任何地方)in the city.B.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。36.How many ________(church)are there in your city?

37.Mount Heng is ________(low)than Mount Hua.38.I think Green City is bigger and ________(busy)than Sun City.39.Can I ask you some ________(question)?40.There are no ________(island)near the hill.

第三篇：山東省寧津縣育新中學(xué)七年級(jí)英語下冊(cè) Module4-6達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)四

Module4-6達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí)四

一單項(xiàng)選擇(10分)

從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇一個(gè)能填入句中空白處的最佳答案。

()1.—Is there _______ bookshop near here?

—Yes.This is Xinghua Jie.Go along _______ street and turn left.You can see it then.A.a;a B.a;theC.the;a D.the;the

()2.—Could you tell me _______ to get to Bright Bank?

—Take the second turning on the right.It’s near there.A.whatB.whenC.how D.why()3.The moon is now _______ the trees in the east.A.onB.inC.under D.above

()4.Why not _______ a taxi to the zoo? It can save us a lot of time.A.taking B.to takeC.takesD.take()5.You can _______ the bus at Xinhua Stop.Your destination(目的地)is not far from it.A.get on B.get toC.get offD.get up()6.From the tower, you can see _______ of London _______ a nice day.A.most;in B.many;inC.most;onD.many;on()7._______ you walk along the street, the ice cream shop will be on your right.A.Before B.AsC.After D.Because二根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示完成句子。每空限填一詞。31.I often start doing my homework at 8:00 pm and f________(結(jié)束)it at 10:00 pm.32.C________(穿過)the street and you can see a tall building.33.My father takes the u________(地鐵)to work every day.34.You can enjoy many beautiful p________(油畫)in the gallery(美術(shù)館).35.The r________(鐵路)station is not far from the museum.

第四篇：2018年山東省臨沂市中考英語模擬預(yù)測(cè)新題型一：詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用

臨沂市初三英語

每日一練

（一）五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

61.December is the____（twelve）month of a year.62.We are going to make a model plane by_____（we）

63.The exam is very important to us，so we must take it____(serious）64.When we walk _____（cross）the road，we should follow the traffic rules.65.He is the_____（fun）person that I have met.66.Do you have anything _____（value）in your leg.67.Edison had more than one thousand _______（invent）during his lifetime.68.My neighbour Helen never talks to us.She is so______（friendly）.六、動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用

“I’m go 69____(shop)in the village, ”George’s mother said to George on Saturday morning.“So be a good boy and don’t get into trouble.And don’t forget 70_______(take)good care of Grandma.”Then out she went.Grandma71._______（sleep）in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and 72_____(say), “Now you heard what your mother said, George.” “Yes, Grandma,” George said.George was bored to tears.He didn’t have a brother or a sister.His father was a farmer, and the farm they lived on was miles away from anywhere, So there were never any children to play with.He was tired of staring at hundreds of pigs , hens, cows and sheep.He was especially tired of having to live in the house with his grandma.73.______（look）after her all by himself was hardly the most exciting way to spend a Saturday morning.“Go and make me a cup of tea for a start, with sugar and milk.” Grandma said.Most grandmothers are lovely , kind, helpful old ladies, but not this one.George’s grandma was a woman who was always complaining about something or other.She spent all day74____（sit）on her chair by the window.George was told that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, but as she grew older, she was not able to look after herself and even worse, she was easy to get angry.“We should be nice to the old, George,” His mother always told him.75______（think）of this, George went into the kitchen and made Grandma a cup of tea with a teabag.He put one spoon of sugar and some milk in it.He stirred the tea well and carried it into the living room carefully.

（二）五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

61.Bill wants to invite some friends to his______（nine）birthday party.62.She was so tired that she fell ______（sleep）in class 63.He lost his money and_____（luck）his friends helped him find it.64.What a_____（sun）day！

65.It’s______（danger）to play with animals.66.Linda and his friends enjoy_____（they）on the Great Wall yesterday.67.Xijin Ferry is one of new_______（couple）favourite places to take their wedding photos.68.Nancy wants to become a______（translate）when she grows up.六、動(dòng)詞運(yùn)用

“We're going to move,” Jimmy said to Mr.James her teacher, with tears(眼淚)in her eyes.“Dad _______69.(lose)his job and now we don't have enough money to live in our house.” Pam ______70.(live)by and just heard Jimmy's talk with Mr.James.In the lunchroom Pam _____71.(meet)Carol and said, “I've got something to tell you about Jimmy.” As she started to tell Carol about Jimmy's dad, several other classmates stopped to listen Pam felt bad telling what she had heard but she went on anyway.After school, Pam saw some of her classmate______72(talk)to Jimmy.“Where does your dad work?” one of the boys asked.Jimmy's face turned red.She left without _____73（answer）.Pam felt terrible, because she didn't mean to hurt Jimmy.And she hadn't thought that some of the classmates would make jokes and ______74.(laugh)at Jimmy about her father's losing the job.Pom didn't know what she could do ____75(help)Jimmy.（三）五．詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

61.The little girl looked at_________（she）in the mirror and smiled.62.Please save your food.There are many______(child)in hunger in the world,you know.63.Monday is the______(two)day of the week.64.Sandy came first in the race。She ran the _____(fast)of all.65.Talk about the film or song with your friends,and guess the_______（mean）of the new words.66.Lily writes as____（careful）as Lucy does.67.I live near the station.It’s only about five______（minute）walk.68.David is good at drawing and he’s going to be an______（art）when he grows up.六．語法填空

In the world ,soccer of football is the most popular sport.This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup.The World Cup 69._____（hold）every four years.To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends 70__________（draw）a big picture71 _____（call）“Dream(夢(mèng)幻)World Cups ”in Japan.The children were drawing animals, flowers and people 72_______（play）soccer under a bule bright sky.They wished each football team good luck by 73_____（draw）the flags(旗幟)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea.The picture 74_____（put）up in a park near a playground in Yokohama.Some football teams will have games there.Are you a football fan(迷)?The World Cup makes more and more people interested in football Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football.Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms.That is the way 75_______（show）their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.（四）

五、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換

61.How I wish I had a pair of_______（wing）so that I could fly in the sky.62.Lots of people in this town became ______（home）after the earthquake.63.It will provide you with plenty of energy for life_____（active）.64.It’s not as_____（easier）as you think.65.Who was the_____（win）of the English speaking contest last week.66.On ______（father）Day，I often prepare a special gift for my father.67.Our beautiful classroom ______（clean）every day.68.His illness is even_____（bad）than I thought it would be.六、動(dòng)詞運(yùn)用

Mr Smith 69._____(leave)his car outside his house one night as usual.But when he came out the next morning，he found his car70 ______（be not）there.He called the police to tell them about it，and they71 ____（say）they would try72 _____(find)it.When Mr Smith came home from his office that evening，the car was back again in its usual place in front of his house.He looked it over carefully and 73_____（find）it OK.But there were two tickets on one of the seats with a letter.It said，“We're sorry we used your car.Thank you very much.The tickets are for you.We hope you74_____(enjoy)yourselves.”

The Smiths went to the cinema with the tickets at night.When they got home，they found nearly everything in the house75 _____(go).

第五篇：中考數(shù)學(xué) 一元一次方程和應(yīng)用復(fù)習(xí)教案 新人教版

一元一次方程的應(yīng)用

教學(xué)分析

重點(diǎn)：尋找和、差、倍、分問題的量與量之間的相等關(guān)系，列出一元一次方程。難點(diǎn)：尋找和、差、倍、分問題的相等關(guān)系。突破：從已知量和未知量之間的關(guān)系中找到相等關(guān)系。教學(xué)過程

一、復(fù)習(xí)

1、什么是等式？什么叫方程？一元一次方程的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式是什么？

2、什么是代數(shù)式？

3、列代數(shù)式：

（1）x的0.15，（2）比x多0.15，（3）比x的2倍小1。

二、新授

1、導(dǎo)課

在這一單元，我們將進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)未知數(shù)列出方程來解應(yīng)用題，我們將逐漸體會(huì)到，用代數(shù)方法解應(yīng)用題，要比算術(shù)方法在列式上容易得多，而且可以解出用算術(shù)方法不易解出的或無法解出的實(shí)際問題。例1（課本P212）

某面粉倉(cāng)庫(kù)存放的面粉運(yùn)出15%后，還剩下42500千克，這個(gè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)原來有多少面粉？ 分析：已知運(yùn)出面粉為原來面粉的15%，剩余面粉42500千克，未知原來有面粉重量與運(yùn)出面粉重量。相等關(guān)系是：

原來有面粉重量運(yùn)出面粉重量＝剩余面粉重量

設(shè)原來有面粉x千克，則運(yùn)出面粉重量為15%x千克，這樣左右兩邊都列出了代數(shù)式，放入相等關(guān)系中，即可得出方程：

x－15%x＝42500 完成求解過程，作出答案，強(qiáng)調(diào)4個(gè)注意點(diǎn)。解：略

三、練習(xí)P216習(xí)題：1，2。

四、小結(jié)

1、列方程解應(yīng)用題應(yīng)分析題中的數(shù)量關(guān)系，找出一個(gè)相等關(guān)系。

2、列方程解應(yīng)用題比算術(shù)方法在列式上容易得多。

五、作業(yè)

1、P221 4.4A：1，2，3，4，5。

2、基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練：同步練習(xí)1。