第一篇:紋樣在服飾上的應(yīng)用(教案)
圖案在服飾上的應(yīng)用(教案)
(本課為理論實(shí)訓(xùn)一體課)知識(shí)目標(biāo):
掌握?qǐng)D案在服裝中的裝飾部位及裝飾要領(lǐng)。教學(xué)目標(biāo): 技能目標(biāo):
1、通過(guò)實(shí)例教學(xué),使學(xué)生能根據(jù)服裝款式找到合適的部位放置圖案。
2、提高應(yīng)用圖案設(shè)計(jì)服裝的能力。情感目標(biāo):
通過(guò)實(shí)例分析讓學(xué)生感受服裝美,通過(guò)圖案運(yùn)用讓學(xué)生創(chuàng)造服裝美,通過(guò)本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí)讓學(xué)生親身體驗(yàn)服裝設(shè)計(jì)的美。教學(xué)重點(diǎn):
1、準(zhǔn)確找到圖案在服裝中的裝飾部位。
2、恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用圖案的裝飾要領(lǐng)。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):如何把圖案恰當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)用到服裝中,完美的體現(xiàn)服裝設(shè)計(jì)主題。
教學(xué)對(duì)象:該班學(xué)生活潑好動(dòng)、頭腦靈活,人體繪畫(huà)、色彩搭配、款式設(shè)計(jì)有一定的基礎(chǔ),感性認(rèn)識(shí)能力強(qiáng),分析歸納能力有待提高。
教
法: 實(shí)例教學(xué)
任務(wù)驅(qū)動(dòng)教學(xué)法 學(xué)
法: 小組合作學(xué)習(xí)
課前準(zhǔn)備:將本班學(xué)生分為四人一組的學(xué)習(xí)小組,前后兩排組合。
畫(huà)8幅同一款式的服裝畫(huà)稿與6款不同款式的畫(huà)稿。
教
具:
多媒體課件、美術(shù)學(xué)具(鉛筆、彩鉛)等。教學(xué)過(guò)程:
一、組織教學(xué)
二、實(shí)例導(dǎo)入
圖片展示,引入今天的新課-----圖案在服飾上的應(yīng)用。
三、實(shí)例分析掌握重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
階段一:實(shí)例分析掌握重點(diǎn))
結(jié)合實(shí)例提問(wèn):實(shí)例中使用的圖案主要放在服裝的哪些部位? 答:領(lǐng)、袖、前胸、后背、肩、腰、門(mén)襟、下擺。任務(wù)一:圖案裝飾部位----技能訓(xùn)練
1、布置任務(wù):在八件同一款式服裝上不同部位添加同一種紋樣。
2、完成任務(wù):小組討論紋樣舔加位置,畫(huà)出草圖。
3、教師點(diǎn)評(píng):完成任務(wù)情況。階段二;實(shí)例對(duì)比掌握重點(diǎn),突破難點(diǎn)
分析:同樣使用祥云圖案做裝飾,為什么所先用的圖案形式不一樣? 任務(wù)二:(從任務(wù)中找到答案)
每人根據(jù)畫(huà)好的6種不同服裝款式及收集的圖案,以小組為單位進(jìn)行分析選配圖案,針對(duì)不同款式在合適的部位放置圖案,畫(huà)出草圖。自評(píng):目的給學(xué)生展示自我的平臺(tái),鍛煉語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和提高自信心?;ピu(píng):活躍課堂氣氛,提高學(xué)生鑒賞能力,觀(guān)察能力,分析能力,給學(xué)生互相學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。
教師點(diǎn)評(píng):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)墓ぷ鲬B(tài)度,通過(guò)及時(shí)表?yè)P(yáng)鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新作品和閃光點(diǎn),幫助學(xué)生樹(shù)立自信心。
結(jié)合實(shí)例分析討論:
服裝中圖案采用的形式如何確定? 服裝中圖案的裝飾比例由什么決定? 圖案使用的色彩如何與服裝色搭配?
討論目的:引導(dǎo)學(xué)生更深入的思考分析探究,使學(xué)生通過(guò)圖片對(duì)比,總結(jié)出圖案的裝飾形式是由服裝的形式和風(fēng)格所決定, 圖案的裝飾比例由被裝飾的服裝和圖案裝飾的部位所決定,圖案的色彩取決于服裝色彩。
在探究過(guò)程中,掌握知識(shí),最終師生達(dá)成共識(shí)。達(dá)到掌握重點(diǎn),突破難點(diǎn)。階段三:重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)突破難點(diǎn)
分析:為什么有些服裝上的圖案簡(jiǎn)單,有些復(fù)雜?有些有圖案,有些沒(méi)有圖案?
答:繁簡(jiǎn)相映
多少相宜(服飾圖案運(yùn)用應(yīng)注意的原則)
五、歸納總結(jié)
強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)(2分鐘)
歸納圖案在服飾上的應(yīng)用知識(shí),幫助學(xué)生掌握?qǐng)D案在服裝中的應(yīng)用技能。評(píng)價(jià)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生,使學(xué)生增強(qiáng)自信心。
作業(yè) 鞏固拓展知識(shí)(2分鐘)
1、課下完成一幅完整添加圖案設(shè)計(jì)的女式上衣款式圖。(正、反面)
鞏固圖案在服飾上的應(yīng)用,提高學(xué)生應(yīng)用圖案設(shè)計(jì)服裝的能力。
2、知識(shí)延伸:利用今天所學(xué)知識(shí)為家人、老師或同學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)一款新年服裝。(選作)
解決生活中的問(wèn)題,為學(xué)生提供展示自我的平臺(tái)。
六、板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)
圖案在服飾上的應(yīng)用
一、圖案裝飾部位:
領(lǐng),袖,前胸,后背,肩,腰,門(mén)襟,下擺等
二、圖案裝飾要領(lǐng):
1、圖案裝飾形式是由服裝的形式和風(fēng)格所決定。
2、服裝圖案色彩取決于服裝色彩。
3、圖案的裝飾比例是由被裝飾服裝和紋樣的裝飾部位決定。
4、裝飾服裝圖案時(shí)應(yīng)注意兩個(gè)方面:
A.繁簡(jiǎn)相映
B.多少相宜
第二篇:紋樣在生活中的應(yīng)用
紋樣在生活中的應(yīng)用 教案
包頭第28中學(xué)
王
斌
教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1、通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)生了解最基本的蒙古族紋樣圖案文化,在設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用時(shí)加深民族文化產(chǎn)生探究蒙古族圖案藝術(shù)的興趣。
2、通過(guò)營(yíng)造蒙古族文化使學(xué)生更加熱愛(ài)自己的家鄉(xiāng),關(guān)注草原文化關(guān)注內(nèi)蒙古的發(fā)展,培養(yǎng)民族自豪感。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):應(yīng)用所學(xué)紋樣圖案知識(shí),在蒙古靴上進(jìn)行造型、繪制、設(shè)計(jì)、用色等幾個(gè)方面的練習(xí)。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):
1、通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)能增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新,探究能力。
2、通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)能否激發(fā)學(xué)生傳承的動(dòng)力,關(guān)注蒙古族文化。
教學(xué)方式:多媒體教學(xué),小組合作,師生互評(píng) 教學(xué)方法:?jiǎn)l(fā)引導(dǎo)———思考探究———拓展創(chuàng)新
教學(xué)用具:白紙,格尺,鉛筆,彩筆。
教具:課件,范圖。教學(xué)過(guò)程:
一、情境導(dǎo)入:展示小獎(jiǎng)品——蒙古靴,來(lái)激勵(lì)學(xué)生積極配合積極 表現(xiàn)。并且提問(wèn)學(xué)生你對(duì)蒙古族了解多少的問(wèn)題?出示短片帶有問(wèn)題的觀(guān)賞。
觀(guān)看后服飾中的紋樣和圖案讓這些服裝更漂亮了而我們以前學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)什么紋樣呢?(提問(wèn))回憶所學(xué)紋樣有二方連續(xù),四方連續(xù),對(duì)稱(chēng)紋樣,適合紋樣。
二、新課教學(xué):
1、展示蒙古族圖案(看短片)總結(jié)。有通過(guò)平時(shí)的
生活生產(chǎn)總結(jié)出的幾種常用的紋樣——卷草紋,云紋,盤(pán)腸紋。根據(jù)所觀(guān)的紋樣構(gòu)成和生活中的應(yīng)用自己發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造一個(gè)單位元素并且任意設(shè)計(jì)一組紋樣。
2、展示范圖——蒙古靴3種樣式并且提問(wèn)這3種直觀(guān)的區(qū)別————顏色不同,造型不同,紋樣設(shè)計(jì)不同。
三、學(xué)生活動(dòng):用15-20分
一——以小組為單位設(shè)計(jì)蒙古族靴子并且著色,教師進(jìn)行個(gè)別輔導(dǎo)。(從幾個(gè)角度如:給誰(shuí)設(shè)計(jì),個(gè)人喜好造型變化,喜好圖案紋樣寓意,用色上,實(shí)用上等)。
四、學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià):先進(jìn)行學(xué)生之間的互相評(píng)價(jià)(針對(duì)學(xué)生優(yōu)秀的方面,有創(chuàng)意的,)并且給部分學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。教師評(píng)價(jià)并且給本節(jié)課整體以肯定。以一件作品為例,教學(xué)生評(píng)價(jià)方法。
五、擴(kuò)展欣賞:以一短片展示學(xué)生的優(yōu)秀作品及用不同材料進(jìn)行的蒙古靴子造型,色彩等方面的擴(kuò)展。
教學(xué)反思:我們的學(xué)生在不同的引導(dǎo)下會(huì)有不同的奇思妙想表現(xiàn)在自己的作品中,最好有機(jī)會(huì)把學(xué)生作品用展覽的形式展示給全校師生,更會(huì)觸發(fā)學(xué)生在這方面的關(guān)注。而且會(huì)對(duì)未來(lái)的所見(jiàn)所感有積極的影響。
第三篇:旗袍在現(xiàn)代服飾中的應(yīng)用
旗袍在現(xiàn)代服飾中的應(yīng)用
旗袍在現(xiàn)代服飾中的應(yīng)用 摘 要
旗袍作為中國(guó)古代服裝史上的一顆耀眼的明星,在中國(guó)歷史上留下了不可磨滅的痕跡。通過(guò)對(duì)旗袍的研究可以看出:旗袍的獨(dú)特魅力在于它所包含的文化底蘊(yùn)。旗袍源于古代的袍服,是滿(mǎn)族婦女的傳統(tǒng)服飾,但滿(mǎn)族一直受漢文化的影響,其袍服當(dāng)中體現(xiàn)出了相當(dāng)多的漢族傳統(tǒng)文化的意蘊(yùn)。旗袍中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的文化意蘊(yùn),一方面是傳統(tǒng)旗袍中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的傳統(tǒng)文化意蘊(yùn),另一方面是在旗袍發(fā)展過(guò)程中體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的文化意蘊(yùn)。
民族化只有融入時(shí)代精神和契合時(shí)代生活方式,不斷的改良和革新.才能納入到現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)的進(jìn)程中.而反過(guò)來(lái),中華民族服飾中有益的東西也會(huì)對(duì)全球性的流行時(shí)尚產(chǎn)生深刻的影響近年來(lái)國(guó)際服裝的總趨勢(shì),以強(qiáng)烈、多變換的時(shí)代流行引導(dǎo)和影響著中國(guó)的消費(fèi)者。關(guān)鍵詞:旗袍,流行元素,影響,發(fā)展
The Application of Cheongsam in Modern Clothing Abstract: Cheongsam,as a shinging star in the history of ancient chinese costumes, has left behind the indelible trace in the Chinese history.According to the study on cheongsam , we can see that the unique charm of cheongsam lies in its cultural implications---trditional cultural implications showed in conventional cheongsam and the ones that showed in the development of cheongsam.Derived from ancient robes , cheongsam was the traditional costume of Manchu women.Under the influences of the Han culture ,the robes of Manchu were endowed with a great deal of cultural implication from Han Dynasty.Only integrate the current national spirit and way of life and constant innovation can nationalization be involved in the process of modern designs.On the other hand , some merits in chinese national costumes can also greatly influence the global vogue and fashion.In recent years, the major tendency of international costume is full of changes and current characteristics which lead and influence chinese consumers.Key words : Cheongsam, Fashion elements, Influences ,Development
旗袍:中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾文化的典范
摘要: 旗袍是中國(guó)女性著裝文化的典型標(biāo)志,旗袍在近現(xiàn)代的發(fā)展來(lái)看,作為中華民族的特有服裝,凝結(jié)了整個(gè)民族幾千年來(lái)的服裝文化之精華。它之所以流傳至今,與其“取舍”“變化”有很大關(guān)系,它在保持中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化內(nèi)涵的同時(shí),大量的吸收了西方的思想觀(guān)念和制衣技巧,融合并演變出東西合壁的現(xiàn)在旗袍
關(guān)鍵詞:旗袍,演變,傳統(tǒng),創(chuàng)新,時(shí)尚
旗袍是中國(guó)女性著裝文化的典型標(biāo)志,它不僅在整體造型的風(fēng)格中符合中國(guó)藝術(shù)和諧的特點(diǎn),同時(shí)又將具有東方特質(zhì)的裝飾手法融入其中,其獨(dú)特魅力在于它所包含的文化內(nèi)涵,因此能在中華民族服裝中獨(dú)領(lǐng)
風(fēng)騷,久盛而不衰。
今日我們穿的所謂“旗袍”,不能確定僅僅是滿(mǎn)族服裝的傳統(tǒng)款式,它是中華多個(gè)民族服飾文化的融合。它源自古代蒙古系游牧民族女子的袍服,至清代滿(mǎn)族承襲了這種服裝。滿(mǎn)族入主中原后,實(shí)行的是八旗制度,凡編人旗籍者,都被稱(chēng)為“旗人”。旗人所穿之袍被統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為“旗袍”,其中包括朝袍、蟒袍和常服袍等。后來(lái)則將婦女的家居之袍稱(chēng)之為“旗袍”,“旗袍”成了專(zhuān)用名稱(chēng)。
清初統(tǒng)治階級(jí)為了緩和階級(jí)矛盾,制定了一系列有利于漢人的溫和措施,而且鼓勵(lì)滿(mǎn)族人和蒙古族人、漢人結(jié)婚。兩族人民接觸廣泛而頻繁,其演變過(guò)程中互為滲透融合,民族間服飾交相輝映,互計(jì)短長(zhǎng),已為大勢(shì)所趨。滿(mǎn)族旗人無(wú)論在文化還是生活習(xí)俗上大多被漢文化所同化,唯獨(dú)在穿戴裝束上依然保留了本民族的服裝習(xí)俗,并且強(qiáng)迫漢人改冠易服,一律改用旗裝。于是長(zhǎng)袍馬褂、穿靴戴帽便成了清代男子的典型服式;而滿(mǎn)族女子服裝中有相當(dāng)部分與男服相同,在乾嘉以后,開(kāi)始仿效漢服,雖然屢遭禁止,但其趨勢(shì)仍存不斷擴(kuò)大。從這一點(diǎn)上,正是說(shuō)明了漢文化有著強(qiáng)大的滲透力。
清初,由于“男從女不從”的緣故,清代漢族婦女的服飾終算幸免于難,依然保持漢服原貌,后來(lái)在與滿(mǎn)族女子的長(zhǎng)期接觸之中,不斷演變,終于形成清代服裝特色,揭開(kāi)了旗袍演變史的一幕。
旗女平時(shí)著袍、衫,初期寬大,后窄如直筒。不用領(lǐng)時(shí)加圍巾,后來(lái)領(lǐng)口式樣漸多。自唐宋以來(lái),漢族女子一直穿對(duì)襟上衣,右衽大襟(也有斜襟的)。從清代開(kāi)始,漸改用圓領(lǐng)口、大襟、五付紐扣、寬鑲片,這都是模仿旗裝服式的結(jié)果。只是依然保持上衫(襖)下裙的傳統(tǒng)裝束。旗袍的最初造型是寬腰直筒式,袍長(zhǎng)及于足面,加許多鑲滾。面料多為綢緞,袍面銹滿(mǎn)花紋,袍領(lǐng)、袖、襟、裾等處均有幾道花絳或彩芽?jī)?,其后,又發(fā)展出了“十八鑲”的裝飾手法,即鑲上18道邊才算是最美。穿在身上花團(tuán)錦簇,修長(zhǎng)亮麗,再配上俏麗風(fēng)雅的綢冠和別致的花盆鞋,造就一種端莊沉穩(wěn)的古典風(fēng)格。
在漢族婦女中,旗袍的大規(guī)模盛行,并非發(fā)生在高壓政令下的滿(mǎn)清王朝,而是辛亥革命以后的民國(guó)。把裙子取消,改穿上下連屬的旗袍,這在中國(guó)近代服裝史上無(wú)疑是一次了不起的革命。旗袍的盛行,給中華傳統(tǒng)服飾增添了新的風(fēng)采。
由于受傳統(tǒng)道德觀(guān)念影響,幾千年來(lái)人們一直把人體的裸露當(dāng)成邪惡的象征,不喜歡過(guò)多暴露。旗袍的領(lǐng)部緊扣包住,從設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)的角度說(shuō),它增強(qiáng)了旗袍莊重、典麗的效果,同時(shí)高領(lǐng)限制了頸部的隨意,始終保持垂直狀態(tài)。旗袍的 衣身追求寬大、掩蓋、含蓄,它的寬腰直筒,上下一體,蘊(yùn)涵著一種和平、安詳?shù)拇笠唤y(tǒng)氣氛,充分體現(xiàn)了旗袍的含蓄、端莊的美。
近代中國(guó)文化思想領(lǐng)域上呈現(xiàn)著劇烈的變化,傳播“西學(xué)”的熱潮對(duì)民族的傳統(tǒng)服飾的改進(jìn)也產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響,從而,萌發(fā)了新的服飾文化。20年代,國(guó)民政府頒布了《制服條例》,其中規(guī)定了主要禮服和公服。上海等中國(guó)商業(yè)大城市的青年男子開(kāi)始穿著西服、中山裝;女子服裝也開(kāi)始有西式變化,漸受西式服裝的影響根據(jù)流行時(shí)尚對(duì)服裝進(jìn)行改良。其中最突出的便是旗袍的發(fā)展,首先突破了中國(guó)婦女著裝嚴(yán)整的傳統(tǒng)觀(guān)念,拋棄繁瑣的裝飾和形制,注意到曲線(xiàn)對(duì)襯托女性溫情的意蘊(yùn),由昔日的寬大漸趨于瘦長(zhǎng)合身,曲線(xiàn)鮮明,加以斜襟的韻律,從而襯托出端莊、典雅、沉靜、含蓄的秀美身姿,至此形成了富有中國(guó)特色的改良旗袍。
從某種意義上說(shuō),正因?yàn)橥砬迳虾H似毡樽非蟆皶r(shí)髦”的心理,使西式服飾得以首先在上海登堂入室,繼后在全國(guó)與寬衣博袖的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾發(fā)生撞擊、交流直至混融而形成西裝革履旗袍繡鞋并存的奇妙旖旎的服飾現(xiàn)象。
旗袍的變革為現(xiàn)代服裝奠定了基礎(chǔ),是中國(guó)服飾的一次大變革。長(zhǎng)衫、旗袍、馬甲、馬褂一直沿襲下來(lái),成為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾的典范。這與中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)觀(guān)念息息相關(guān)。細(xì)想,辛亥革命以后,中西方文化相互滲透,西方服飾文化得以傳播過(guò)來(lái),對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)人們的穿著產(chǎn)生了很大的影響,但中同的旗袍并沒(méi)有被取代,反而借鑒西方服飾中的長(zhǎng)處,加以改良后旗袍得以發(fā)展并被保存下來(lái)。正如西方評(píng)論家所言:旗袍上下連屬一體,由獨(dú)塊衣料制成,結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)線(xiàn)條流暢,沒(méi)有任何不必要的帶、袢、袋等附件裝飾,微緊的腰部,貼體合身;兩旁開(kāi)襟便于行走。中國(guó)女子下半身常覺(jué)稍短,穿旗袍可以增加形體修長(zhǎng)感,配上中高跟鞋,抬升人體重心,挺胸收腹,立顯裊娜之態(tài)。再加上當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)婦女一般都不太出門(mén),一件旗袍可以適用于各種場(chǎng)合,甚而可以穿很久。所以在當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)里旗袍以它端莊、典雅、含蓄的美一直廣泛流行并延續(xù)到今天。
30年代以后,旗袍成為中國(guó)婦女最時(shí)髦的服裝,改造和創(chuàng)新更加頻繁。先是崇尚高領(lǐng),后來(lái)又流行低領(lǐng)至無(wú)領(lǐng),低到無(wú)可再低時(shí),索性將領(lǐng)子取消,袖子時(shí)而長(zhǎng)過(guò)手腕,時(shí)而又短及露肘,兩邊開(kāi)衩開(kāi)得很高,腰身變的極窄,進(jìn)一步合體以顯示出女性的體型曲線(xiàn)。其中墊肩雙襟絹花裝袖旗袍,衣長(zhǎng)較短,較為通俗,多為一般大眾婦女穿著;無(wú)袖緊身前開(kāi)衩旗袍衣身較長(zhǎng),比較適體,多為思想比較解放的婦女穿著;織錦緞無(wú)袖
雙襟旗袍,衣長(zhǎng)可長(zhǎng)可短,上乘高貴,多為經(jīng)濟(jì)富裕婦人穿著。當(dāng)時(shí)一般旗袍開(kāi)襟都用暗扣,外表用花扣裝飾,所采用的圖案多為龍、鳳、孔雀、福、壽、喜、吉祥等圖案,以表中華民族五千年來(lái)的傳統(tǒng)文化,同時(shí)體現(xiàn)東方女性服飾的藝術(shù)美。
40年代旗袍逐漸去掉袖子,長(zhǎng)可及地,短時(shí)至膝,這段時(shí)期的旗袍省去繁瑣裝飾,更加輕便適體,不僅腰身的線(xiàn)條曲柔奇美,而且衣領(lǐng)和袖子等均有變化。如夏季無(wú)袖,簡(jiǎn)潔流暢;秋季緊袖,適當(dāng)縮短袍長(zhǎng),顯得輕便得體?!爸袊?guó)婦女終于獲得了一種代表這個(gè)時(shí)代重要價(jià)值的基本服式,一種杰出的富有特色的民族服裝,既符合時(shí)尚又尊重民族特性,它象征著中國(guó)婦女的積極而進(jìn)步的生活方式?!?/p>
進(jìn)入50年代,中國(guó)人民積極地投入戰(zhàn)后重建國(guó)家的運(yùn)動(dòng)中。廣大婦女與男子們一樣走上社會(huì)的各行各業(yè),獻(xiàn)身于新中國(guó)的建設(shè)。這時(shí)的旗袍多數(shù)做得很貼身,小袖口,不能適應(yīng)快步及大幅步的運(yùn)動(dòng),使婦女們?cè)谏鐣?huì)活動(dòng)中感到極不方便,再加上新時(shí)代的到來(lái),使人們更樂(lè)于接受一些新穎的東西。因此,從50年代后期開(kāi)始,廣大的勞動(dòng)?jì)D女漸漸地以上衣下褲的裝束替換了旗袍,但在一些重大喜慶日子和外事活動(dòng)時(shí)還常能看到具有民族文化特色的旗袍的出現(xiàn)。到了60年代中期,旗袍被斥為“四舊”而被徹底否定,舉國(guó)上下出現(xiàn)了由于政治運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響男男女女皆穿綠裝的大流行。
進(jìn)入80年代,我們才又看到旗袍在街頭閃過(guò),這說(shuō)明,十多年都沒(méi)有人穿,也沒(méi)有人提及的旗袍,事實(shí)上一直活在廣大婦女的心里。
今天。旗袍已從生活常服上升為禮服。作為禮服,其款式和花樣也隨之變得越來(lái)越繁復(fù)絢麗。在款式方面,除了保持旗袍流暢的線(xiàn)條外,服裝大師們?cè)谠O(shè)計(jì)剪裁時(shí),保留旗袍結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、線(xiàn)條流暢,沒(méi)有任何不必要的帶、袢、袋等附件的特點(diǎn);在工藝上采用收肩、飾花、穿珠片、刺繡等手法,加強(qiáng)肌理效果,在構(gòu)造上,采用琵琶襟、如意襟、低襟、高領(lǐng)、低領(lǐng)、無(wú)領(lǐng)等,同時(shí)又把繪畫(huà)等姊妹藝術(shù)也作為旗袍裝飾的手段,那些畫(huà)有花、鳥(niǎo)、京劇臉譜等圖案的旗袍,不僅設(shè)計(jì)新巧,而且風(fēng)格典雅,富有韻味,把服裝和繪畫(huà)融為一體,打破了原來(lái)穿著不夠舒服的構(gòu)造,使之一展新容,成為國(guó)際服裝舞臺(tái)上的奇葩。另外,生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的創(chuàng)新、工藝流程的改進(jìn)、新材料的使用,都為旗袍形式的發(fā)展注入了新的血液,使其獲得更廣大的運(yùn)用而成為時(shí)尚,重返流行舞臺(tái)。旗袍的歷史已達(dá)五百多年,當(dāng)年旗女腳登花盆底鞋身穿長(zhǎng)袍時(shí),未曾想到旗袍會(huì)一統(tǒng)華人女性天下。日本已故畫(huà)家原龍三郎總結(jié):“高領(lǐng)托住了
下顎,頭部姿勢(shì)必然端正,即使是坐著時(shí),旗袍的開(kāi)衩處腿的并攏的姿勢(shì)也能收到美的效果?!?/p>
當(dāng)前受“越民族,越世界”思潮影響,國(guó)際上大部分華人服裝設(shè)計(jì)師都不同程度地利用了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化作為創(chuàng)作素材,傳統(tǒng)的視覺(jué)形象不時(shí)出現(xiàn)在服裝設(shè)計(jì)、織物圖案上,它們似乎成了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的代言人,這無(wú)疑也帶來(lái)了一個(gè)新的問(wèn)題,即如何更合理地從博大精深的傳統(tǒng)義化內(nèi)涵中吸取精神力量去進(jìn)行再創(chuàng)造。如果我們只是一味地抄襲傳統(tǒng),照搬形式,我們的設(shè)計(jì)只會(huì)離時(shí)代越來(lái)越遠(yuǎn)。眾所周知,日本設(shè)計(jì)師森英惠、三宅一生等人之所以能在國(guó)際服裝界成功,并不是因?yàn)樗麄儼押头@種極為民族性的東西和盤(pán)托出,而是在研究透了和服的精神之后,將西方服飾文化與之相融匯,設(shè)計(jì)出了具有時(shí)代性的作品之緣故。沿著這條路,后來(lái)又有一批日本設(shè)計(jì)師在國(guó)際服裝界打響。這充分地證明了這樣一個(gè)道理,即:“地球上的各個(gè)村落,盡管在藝術(shù)上的表現(xiàn)形式、表現(xiàn)方法、表現(xiàn)意境等等存在差異,但是在審美的需求、審美的意味上都是相通的乃至相一致的?!边@種相通、相一致,才是世界性的真正涵義。
旗袍在近現(xiàn)代的發(fā)展來(lái)看,作為中華民族的代表服裝,凝結(jié)了整個(gè)民族幾千年來(lái)的服裝文化之精華。它之所以流傳至今與其“取舍”、“變化”有很大的關(guān)系,它在保持中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化內(nèi)涵的同時(shí),大量吸收了西方的思想觀(guān)念和制衣技巧,融合并演變出東西合壁的現(xiàn)代旗。無(wú)論從其外形塑造還是內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看,無(wú)不蘊(yùn)涵著東西方服飾風(fēng)格的雙重特點(diǎn),旗袍的基礎(chǔ)形制源自中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)服飾,而緊身的外形強(qiáng)調(diào)著形體的存在,突出表現(xiàn)了女性的曲線(xiàn)與柔美。這種適體的造型是以相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)處理為基礎(chǔ)的,特別是胸、腰、臀圍上相同數(shù)量的放松取值,更是鑒于東方女性的體形特點(diǎn)而設(shè)置的。這種純西方式的裁剪技巧,使得旗袍的整體表現(xiàn)力更為完美,更具有時(shí)代性?,F(xiàn)代服裝設(shè)計(jì)作品既要有民族情感、傳統(tǒng)的精神,又應(yīng)具有時(shí)代的氣息,從而滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)代審美需求,這是時(shí)代發(fā)展的需要,正如小提琴協(xié)奏曲《梁?!纺菢樱餍墒窃絼≌{(diào)兒,但整個(gè)感覺(jué)又是現(xiàn)代的。
Cheongsam:a Culture Paragon of Chinese Tradition Clothing Abstract : Cheongsam is the typical marking of Chinese female dresses and it is a representative culture sign.In the nowtoday's cheongsam development , as the feature of Chinese clothing, it has condensed the whole race of several clothing cultures of passed thousand years.It can spreads until now
due
to
its
“rejecting”
and “variety”.It means when cheongsam keep Chinese traditional culture connotation, it also bring in lots of the western thoughts
as well as technology of making clothes.As a result, east and West unified modern Cheongsam evolved.Key word: Cheongsam;Evolution;Tradition;Innovation;Fashion
As a symbolic model in Chinese feminine clothing culture, Cheongsam not only conforms to the Chinese art harmonious characteristic in the overall modelling style, but alos integrates the Eastern special characteristic decoration technique.The cultural connotation which it contains is the the unique charm of cheongsam, therefore, it will be able to head list of successful candidates in the China national dress for a long time.“The Chinese dress”we worn nowdays is not merely the Manchu nationality clothing traditional design,but is the fusion of a few nationality clothing culture.It comes from Mongolia which was the nomads female's long gown in ancient so that the Qing Dynasty Manchu nationality had carried on this kind of clothing..After the Manchu nationality ruled the south of Yellow River, they implement the eight banners system.Every human who have arranged the bannermen census or residents called “the bannerman”.The clothes bannerman worn called “qipao”, including faces the gown, the boa robe and the casual clothes and so on.Afterwards,the clothes of woman who lived at home worn called “the Chinese dress”, “the Chinese dress” has become the special-purpose name.In the early time, ruling class formulated a series policy which is advantageous to Han people's, and moreover encouraged the Manchu nationality people and the Mongolian clansmen, the Han people to get marriage,in order to alleviate the class contradictions, Two race people contact widespreadly and frequently,.It is already been a tendency that the mult-nationality clothing seeps mutually and result in enhancing the beauty of each other.Despite both custom and culture of the Manchu nationality bannermen mostly assimilated into the Chinese culture, it is only retained its nationality's clothing custom and moreover forced the Han people to change into their dressing style.Therefore,waring long gown Ma Gua, quare cap and boots then becomes man's typical style of clothing in that period;however,the Manchu nationality female clothing had partial same as the male clothing,and it starts to imitate the Chinese since JiaQing.Although being prevented many times,this tendency still expands unceasingly.It is prove that Chinese Han culture has the formidable penetrability.In the initial period of Qing Dynasty, the view of “the male ought to obey and the female need not” made the Qing Dynasty Han Nationality woman's clothing escaping from changing so the clothes maintained the original pattern,During contacted with the Manchu nationality female's long-term,.it finally formed the characteristic of Qing Dynasty clothing which made the Chinese dress evolved into the history.Upside of the clothes Qing Dynasty female worn is usually loose, and the downside became tight and straight.They worn scarfs when th
ey didn't want to show the collars,and the style of the collar came to various gradually afterwards.Since the Tang Song, Han Nationality female always worn Chinese-style jacket with buttons down the front the coat,and the Chinese-style garment with rightside loosing(or slanting lapel).Since the Qing Dynasty,it changed into the round neckband with round and loose collar as well as five pairs of knots, broadening the embroidery, All of this are imitate the the style of Qing clothes,However,they kept the their traditional attire-weaing the shirt upside and the skirt downside.The primal pattern of Chinese dress is loose on waist and straight down to feet-length,just like the a section of bamboot with many hems.It always took silk fabrics as the material which ornament
with
various decoration
pattern
and
colour “18 needlework.Subsequently,the technique, inlaid”,was inviented an been consider as the most excellent skills.Once dressed in that kind of colthes,people would turn to slender and bright, then put on the pretty elegant silk crown and the unique pot shoes, there would like to presented the stately classical style.The prevailing of cheong-sam among women of the Han Nationality did not happen under the high-handed Qing government,but in Republic of China after the Revolution of 1911.To wear one-piece cheong-sam instead of skirts,it is undoubtedly a marvelous revolution in the wearing history of neoteric China.It brings new culture into traditional wearing of China.Due to the influence of China traditional moral concept,people used to regard bareness of human body as a symbol of improbity for thousands of years,they don't like bareness.The cheong-sam,fastened tightly in the neck,from the point of designing's view,brings impression of sobriety and elegance,on the other hand,higher collar restrict the neck to be upright all the time.The body of cheong-sam goes for leniency,concealing,connotation,this kind of broad waist and one-piece design,implicate a mood of peaceful,serene unification,adequately show the beauty of connotation and civility.Because of the great change in the modern China culture,the dissemination “the western learning” the upsurge has also had the profound influence on nationality's traditional clothing improvement, thus, new clothing culture developed.The 20's, the national government promulgated “Uniform Rule”, in which stipulated the main formal clothes and the official's costume.In Chinese commercial big city just like Shanghai, youth men start to put on the western-style clothes, the Chinese tunic suit;The female clothing also starts to have some characteristic of western-style.Gradually being influenced by the western-style clothing,people carried the improvement on the principia of popular and fashion.The most prominent is the development of Chinese dress, it broke through the traditional ideas about original Chinese woman clothing, abandoning the tedious decoration and the construction, noticing the import
ance of body curve which serve as a foil to the feminine tender.As a reslut, the dress gradually change from loose to lanky so that the bright body curve and the lingering charm of the slanting lapel served as a foil to the implicit elegant figure,.At that time, the improvement Chinese dress filled with chinese characteristics came into being,In a sense,just because Shanghai people's pshchology of pursuing fashion,western style clothes first appeared in Shanghai,then collided,communicated with the loose and long sleeve Chinese traditional costume and untill they mixed together and formed a fantastic costume phenomenon of western costume,leather shoes embroidered shoes coexisting.Revolution of cheongsam established the basis of modern costume.It was a great revolution.Long gown,cheongsam,west man's short coat have carried on as before,becaming the model of Chinese traditional costume which closely linked with Chinese traditional concepts.Furthermore,after Xinhai Revolution,Chinese and western culture permeated each other so that Western costume culture can spread here,making a great impact on people's dressing at that time.However,cheongsam was not substituded and developed and preseved after improving by learning the advantages pf western costume.Just as the western critic stated:cheongsam was made of a complete cloth and the upper and lower parts of the clotheswere connected as a whole part.There was no ornament,such as belt ,pocket.The weist part was a little tight but comfotable,seams wereing cutting in two sides for walking conveniently.The lower part of Chinese women are usually shorter,but cheongsam can make their legs longer and slender.Women will look more graceful with high-heel shoes and hold the stomach.And at that time,Chinese women preferred staying at home,so a piece of cheongsam can be weared in various kinds of situations with a long time.So the cheongsam is popular until today for its cicility,elegance and connotation beauty.After the 1930s , cheongsam became the most fashionable costume for Chinese women which was created and improved more fluentely.First was high-necked,then lower-neckd and collarless.Some sleeves of the cheongsam were longer to wrist,some are lower than elbow;The tapestry satin without the sleeve have double lapels, the clothes may long or to be short, and it only for the economical wealthy woman.At that time, in generally speaking,the common Chinese dress,using the dark buckle on the lapel, decorated with the flower,taking dragon, phoenix, peacock, luck, long-lived, happy, propitious and so on as the pattern picture
in
order
to
present
the
traditional culture.Simultaneously, it manifested the Eastern feminine clothing artistic beauty.The skirt of the cheongsam was slided up on each side,and the weist part became very narrow to show the stature of wome.Thecheongsam with shoulder pats was very common and most women chhosed to wear it.The tightened collarless cheongsam which was slided up
in the front,dressing by the fashionable women;
In the 1940s, cheongsam bacame sleeveless, long to ground and short to knee.Isolated from some complicated decorations , cheongsam at this time became more simple and practical.The designs of the waist was very soft and slender and the designs of collar and sleeve took some changes as well.For instance, the ycheongsam for summer was sleeveless which made it seemed simpler;the cheongsam for autumn tightened the sleeves and shortened the length which made it more light and proper.“Chinese women were endowed with a common costume which represented the essential value of this period----a specially-featured national costume.It was not only in compliance with fashion and national character ,it was also a symbol of chinese women's active and progressive way of life.”
In the 1950s, chinese people actively participated in the reconstruction of China.Many women ,like men, got themselves involved in all walks of life to serve a new China.The cheongsam at the time varied with women's figure with a small cuff which made it very hard for women to walk fast and to take big steps and thus brought grest inconvenience to women in their social activity.What's more ,with the coming of a new age , people tended to accept something more novel and original.Thus , from the later 1950s, chinese working women began to replace cheongsam with some isolated upper and lower costume.However, cheongsam of national feature could still be found in some grand festivals or foreign affairs.In the middle 1960s, cheongsam was fully rejected as “four olds”, which was fllowed by a nationwide parade with men and women, affected by political movement , all in green costumes.In the 1980s, we finally saw Cheongsam on the street again,It prove that the woman never forgot cheongsam, indeed,althought there is no one wear and mention it in that more than ten years period.At persent,cheongsam is already a kind of formal clothes.As the formal clothes, its design and the pattern also become more and more complicated and glorious.In the design aspect, besides maintained the smooth line of cheongsam,clothing design masters retained its rigorous structure, do not have any nonessential accessories such as belt, button-fastening loop, appendix bag and so on;in craft aspect,abbreviating the shoulder part, useing the decoration flower and embroidery, all these things enhances the skin texture effect;structurally, not only adopting the pipa front, the pleasant lapel, the low lapel, the hich collar, the low collar,even on collar, but also involving its sisters art ,such as drawing, to make decorations for cheongsam.Those cheongsam on which drown flowers, birds, and makeups in Peking opera,are exotic and elegant.Graft the drawing onto the clothing design and improve the originally structure which is insufficiently comfortable,the new style cheongsam become a marvellous achivement on the international
clothing stage Moreover, the production technology innovation, the technical process improvement, the new material use, all of these has poured the new blood into the Chinese dress development.All these obtain more general utilization for cheongsam and make it become fashionable.The chinese dress has more than 500 years history.The women who worn pot bottom shoes have never imagined that cheongsam could be the king of the Chinese feminine clothing world.The Japanese deceased painter yualong summarizes: “The high-neckel hold the lower jaw,so that the forehead posture have to inevitably straight, even when you are sitting,”The legs look concinnity with them together.Influenced by
the
conception
of
“cross
nation,cross world”,Most Chinese nationality costume designers use Chinese traditional culture as the creation material.The traditional visualize always appear in the costume design and fabric pictures.They seemed to be the procolocular of the Chinese traditional culture.Definitly,it brought a new problem that how to absord espiration to recreat from the wide and marverlous Chinese traditional culture connotation.If we only copy the tradition,we will be far away from the modern times.As we all kown,the reason why Japanese designer Shenyinghui and Shanzhai can be successful is not they only make a clean breast of kimono which is a very traditional costume,but mixed with western culture after researching the spirits of kimono so that they can design the works with temporal spirit.Then, there were other Japanese designers succeed in the national costume.These all proved a priciple:“The tastes of every place of the world are connected,though the expression of forms,ways are different.”this kind of connection is turely international connotation.Viewing from modern history, as a symbol of Chinese accouterments, cheong-sam coagulates the soul of the thousand-year wearing culture of the whole nation.It's concerned that its popularity has much to with its accepting, rejecting and changing.It absorbed much of western ideas and techniques as well as keeping its own Chinese soul to evolve into modern cheong-sam with both eastern and western culture.No matter seen from the outside look or the inner construction, it all have a diplex characteristic, based on Chinese traditional clothes, with a close-fitting form to emphasize the body shape, showing the curve and morbidezza of the female.This fitting form is based on corresponding structure design, especially the same release value at the chest, weist and stern, yet according to the shape trait of eastern female.This kind of western cutting out skill gives perfect expression to the cheong-sam, with futher modernity.To meet with modern taste, clothing design should not only make great effort on national emotion, but also have the smell of the current era, this is the demand of the social evolution, just like the violin concerto
Opera.摘 要:
首先,對(duì)旗袍的起源、背景發(fā)展脈胳要有所了解。其次還要感知時(shí)代,理解現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活,捕捉流行規(guī)律、信息。形成在民族化基礎(chǔ)上,突出時(shí)代特性的創(chuàng)造革新觀(guān)念, 同時(shí)保留傳統(tǒng),研究時(shí)尚在深入理解傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改良。
關(guān)鍵詞:旗袍,創(chuàng)造革新,保留傳統(tǒng)
Abstract:
Besides the sight into the origination, background and development of the cheong-sam, we are also supposed to feel the time spirit, deeply understand the modern life and catch on the information of the fashion to give prominence to the concept that is the creation and evolution featuring as times basing on the nationality.Meanwhiles with inheriting and profoundly understanding the tradition, the researches on the melioration of fasions are carried.Keywords: Cheong-sam, Creation, Revolution, Tradition.
第四篇:《傳統(tǒng)紋樣》教案
《傳統(tǒng)紋樣》教案
一、教材分析: 本課是七年級(jí)上冊(cè)第六課“設(shè)計(jì)·應(yīng)用”領(lǐng)域的一堂課。這一課主要是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生接觸并了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)紋樣的豐富內(nèi)涵,了解傳統(tǒng)紋樣在現(xiàn)代生活中的運(yùn)用。欣賞、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生接觸并認(rèn)知傳統(tǒng)紋樣及其獨(dú)有的審美情趣,在滲透優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的同時(shí),解讀傳統(tǒng)紋樣,激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化的認(rèn)知興趣,提高學(xué)生審美意識(shí)及實(shí)踐能力。
同時(shí)激發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的熱愛(ài),并最終能使之融入自己的生活。
學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)紋樣不僅是為了繼承傳統(tǒng),最終目的還是為了應(yīng)用。所以,本課要求學(xué)生在了解和認(rèn)識(shí)傳統(tǒng)紋樣的基礎(chǔ)上,手腦并用將傳統(tǒng)紋樣裝飾于日常用品,體會(huì)創(chuàng)意生活的樂(lè)趣。了解在人類(lèi)生活中處處都存在著設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)是為了更高質(zhì)量的生活。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo):
1、知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo):讓學(xué)生了解傳統(tǒng)紋樣的藝術(shù)特點(diǎn)、能夠識(shí)別并運(yùn)用到生活之中。
2、過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo):通過(guò)師生之間的互動(dòng)及觀(guān)察、遞進(jìn)探究、合作學(xué)習(xí),來(lái)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的賞析能力、合作實(shí)踐能力和創(chuàng)造精神。
3、情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀(guān)目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)傳統(tǒng)紋樣藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)之情,能夠在生活中感受到傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的魅力,繼承傳統(tǒng)文化并發(fā)揚(yáng)光大。
三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn):
教學(xué)重點(diǎn):了解傳統(tǒng)紋樣的形式與特點(diǎn)并制作紋樣
教學(xué)難點(diǎn):傳統(tǒng)紋樣在現(xiàn)代生活中的運(yùn)用。
四、學(xué)具準(zhǔn)備:
第一組:固體膠,剪刀,油畫(huà)棒,鉛筆,橡皮擦,白色可繪畫(huà)的塑料碗或盤(pán)或杯。
第二組:固體膠,剪刀,油畫(huà)棒,鉛筆,橡皮擦,20X30cm大、色彩對(duì)比強(qiáng)的卡紙3張。5寸相片1張、小刀。
第三組:油畫(huà)棒,鉛筆,橡皮擦,尺子,圓規(guī)。
第四組:綠豆、黃豆各一把,繩子1米,礦泉水瓶蓋5個(gè),固體膠,剪刀,2張色彩對(duì)比強(qiáng)烈的蠟光紙及一張白色卡紙。
五、教學(xué)過(guò)程:
(一)導(dǎo)入:看一看、猜一猜。(自動(dòng)放映片2-3)展示幾張圖案,讓學(xué)生看一看、猜一猜,說(shuō)出它們的寓意,引出課題并板書(shū)。
(二)探索知識(shí):
1、傳統(tǒng)紋樣的概念。(片4)
中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)紋樣是一種樸素單純、富有情趣的圖案語(yǔ)言,是勞動(dòng)人民在常年累月的勞動(dòng)中,用自己的智慧創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的,具有悠久的歷史和獨(dú)特的民族風(fēng)格,飽含豐富的語(yǔ)言和強(qiáng)烈的民族情感。
2、想一想:日常生活中,你在哪些地方或者什么物品上見(jiàn)過(guò)類(lèi)似的圖案?(片5)
3、談一談:對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)紋樣的初步認(rèn)識(shí),你認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)紋樣的魅力在哪里?
造型美、色彩美、寓意美(片6)
4、議一議:看誰(shuí)更了解傳統(tǒng)紋樣?(片7-12)
(1)、展示圖片讓學(xué)生判斷哪個(gè)是自由紋樣與適合紋樣及理解其特點(diǎn)。明確單獨(dú)紋樣的含義。(片7)
(2)、通過(guò)圖案學(xué)習(xí)二方連續(xù)紋樣(片8-9)(3)、通過(guò)圖案學(xué)習(xí)四方連續(xù)紋樣。二方連續(xù)紋樣和四方連續(xù)紋樣統(tǒng)稱(chēng)為連續(xù)紋樣。(片10-11)
(4)認(rèn)識(shí)邊框紋樣、環(huán)式紋樣、角隅紋樣。(片13)
6、回固知識(shí):小結(jié)傳統(tǒng)紋樣的分類(lèi)及其特點(diǎn)并板書(shū)它的分類(lèi)。(片13)
7、欣賞傳統(tǒng)紋樣在現(xiàn)代生活中的運(yùn)用。(片14-16)
(三)、用一用:(片17)設(shè)計(jì)制作:
1、創(chuàng)意手工組:
第四組:嘗試用剪紙、拼貼的方式設(shè)計(jì)、制作一種紋樣。
2、設(shè)計(jì)繪畫(huà)組:
第三組:嘗試用繪畫(huà)的方式設(shè)計(jì)、繪制一種紋樣。
3、美化生活組
第二組:嘗試用學(xué)到的紋樣知識(shí),裝飾一張相片。
第一組:嘗試用學(xué)到的紋樣知識(shí),裝飾一生活用品,碗、盤(pán)或杯。
作業(yè)要求:
1、充分利用手中的材料完成紋樣制作,并說(shuō)出你是怎么做的。
2、造型生動(dòng)、美觀(guān),有傳統(tǒng)韻味。
3、色彩選擇合理。溫馨提示:
使用工具的時(shí)候注意安全,設(shè)計(jì)制作時(shí)注意教室衛(wèi)生!
(四)、作品展示:
采取學(xué)生互評(píng)和教師總評(píng)相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行,讓學(xué)生提出自己的看法。
第五篇:《了解紋樣》教案
《了解紋樣》教案
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容:
七年級(jí)下冊(cè) 第二單元第一課 《了解紋樣》
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo):
了解紋樣的基本知識(shí),掌握紋樣的色彩應(yīng)用、構(gòu)圖形式和構(gòu)圖原理,通過(guò)本節(jié)課程的學(xué)習(xí)欣賞,提高學(xué)生的審美,了解紋樣在生活中的應(yīng)用,提高學(xué)生紋樣藝術(shù)的學(xué)習(xí)興趣和審美修養(yǎng)。
三、教學(xué)重點(diǎn):
紋樣的構(gòu)圖形式和組織形式。
四、教學(xué)過(guò)程:
(一)、紋樣的定義
今天,我們請(qǐng)幾位同學(xué)給我展示一下自己最喜歡的學(xué)習(xí)用品,或者自己生活中喜歡的其他物件,并說(shuō)出喜歡的理由。
(學(xué)生回答,師生互動(dòng))
剛剛幾位同學(xué)說(shuō)的用品都是我們生活學(xué)習(xí)中常見(jiàn)的,有些像衣服、陶瓷、擺件、花瓶、建筑等很多物品,仔細(xì)觀(guān)察,我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),它們都有些共同的特點(diǎn),或多或少的涉及到一些圖案、紋樣的修飾。這或許也是我們喜歡這些東西的原因,因?yàn)橛辛诉@些圖案的裝飾,不僅使得物品的外觀(guān)更具美感,還增加了它們的鮮活的特色,比如(以陶瓷為例),有位同學(xué)剛剛提到的陶瓷,想象一下,如果它沒(méi)有外面的圖案裝飾,只是單純的白色,大家還會(huì)喜歡它么?
在日常生活中,人們常常使用各式各樣的裝飾來(lái)美化我們的生活與環(huán)境,它將藝術(shù)與生活巧妙的連接在了一起,這些圖案就是我們今天要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容——《了解紋樣》。紋樣是如何將我們的生活藝術(shù)化、藝術(shù)生活化的呢?我們今天就來(lái)了解和學(xué)習(xí)一下關(guān)于紋樣的相關(guān)知識(shí)。
首先是紋樣的定義。
紋樣的定義:即裝飾花紋,一般指用于工藝美術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)的裝飾花紋。之所以稱(chēng)紋樣,是強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)“樣”字,以供生產(chǎn)制作之用。紋樣最終目的不是圖稿的直接使用,而是要經(jīng)過(guò)工藝加工,被體現(xiàn)在工藝品或日用品之后,才能發(fā)揮其藝術(shù)的作用。
(二)、紋樣的構(gòu)圖形式和色彩搭配
知道什么是紋樣后,我們大家來(lái)思考這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題:是不是隨便的勾花圖案都可以稱(chēng)之為紋樣呢?我們之前所說(shuō)到的紋樣為什么大家會(huì)覺(jué)得有美感?
(請(qǐng)學(xué)生回答)
答案當(dāng)然是否定的,在剛剛提到的學(xué)習(xí)用品和我們的生活的紋樣中(師課件展示列舉的紋樣圖)。我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn),紋樣之所以給人一種視覺(jué)上的美感,是因?yàn)樗跇?gòu)圖形式和色彩搭配上都有一定的講究。那我們現(xiàn)在就來(lái)看一下紋樣在構(gòu)圖和色彩上有哪些方式。(從學(xué)生列舉的例子中找出同類(lèi)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明)
1、將紋樣的形象巧妙的組織在一起,叫作紋樣的構(gòu)圖。常見(jiàn)的紋樣構(gòu)圖形式有:對(duì)稱(chēng)式和均衡式。
2、紋樣的色彩搭配成功與否,是由色彩的明度、色相、純度三要素決定的。紋樣的色彩搭配有:同一色相配色、類(lèi)似色相配色、對(duì)比色相配色。
下面我們?cè)賮?lái)展示一組圖片(學(xué)習(xí)用品之外的如中式禮服、抱枕,古代的彩陶、建筑物等上面都有紋樣的圖片)。在這組圖片中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),紋樣已經(jīng)融入到生活的方方面面,給我們的生活增添精彩,比如剛剛到家看到的中式禮服(旗袍),它將傳統(tǒng)紋樣與現(xiàn)代時(shí)尚元素相結(jié)合,兼容并蓄,自成一格。包括我們現(xiàn)在還能見(jiàn)到一些傳統(tǒng)家居,它們?cè)诩y樣的運(yùn)用中表現(xiàn)出一種古典的風(fēng)韻。了都這些物品后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn):
1、紋樣不是現(xiàn)在才有的,早在遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代,我們的祖先們就已經(jīng)將紋樣運(yùn)用于生活中了,請(qǐng)大家欣賞課本中的圖片。
2、紋樣在我們的生活中隨處可見(jiàn)。(讓學(xué)生舉例列舉)
(三)、紋樣的題材
我們?cè)谛蕾p各種紋樣的過(guò)程中,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),很多紋樣圖案看起來(lái)很像一些植物、人物、動(dòng)物,還有的像是風(fēng)景,這是因?yàn)榧y樣在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中,都是從我們生活中常見(jiàn)美麗事物中取材的。所以紋樣的題材分為:植物紋樣、幾何紋樣、動(dòng)物紋樣、風(fēng)景紋樣、人物紋樣。
(四)、紋樣設(shè)計(jì)的基本方法
(由老師展示一組植物的圖片,學(xué)生來(lái)進(jìn)行植物紋樣設(shè)計(jì))
下面我們來(lái)一個(gè)“比一比,變一變”的小游戲,請(qǐng)三位同學(xué)到黑板上把剛剛看到的植物圖片進(jìn)行植物紋樣設(shè)計(jì),其他同學(xué)在練習(xí)本上進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。
(一分鐘后)我們來(lái)看一下,三位同學(xué)的紋樣設(shè)計(jì),他們的表達(dá)方式都不一樣,有的與植物的原型很接近,而有的則是很夸張的設(shè)計(jì),還有的是按照植物的形狀想象出來(lái)的紋樣??偨Y(jié)出紋樣設(shè)計(jì)的基本方法:概括、夸張、想象三種方式,其中最突出的是想象。
(五)、紋樣的組織形式
在剛剛的小游戲中,同學(xué)們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的紋樣都各有風(fēng)格,那么,現(xiàn)在大家來(lái)回想一下,你在設(shè)計(jì)紋樣的時(shí)候,是如何來(lái)構(gòu)圖的,你用的是概括、夸張、想象的哪種設(shè)計(jì)方式?假如現(xiàn)在讓你把設(shè)計(jì)的單個(gè)圖形組合成一種形式出來(lái),請(qǐng)同學(xué)們嘗試著做一下。
(抽取學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的作品進(jìn)行展示)
通過(guò)同學(xué)們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的紋樣,我們可以觀(guān)察出紋樣在構(gòu)圖與組織形式上存在一定的規(guī)律,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)紋樣的組織形式進(jìn)行分析,得出結(jié)論:紋樣的組織形式分為單獨(dú)式、適合式和連續(xù)式。
1、單獨(dú)式:具有相對(duì)的獨(dú)立性,并能單獨(dú)用于裝飾的紋樣。由對(duì)稱(chēng)式和均衡式兩種。
2、適合式:由單獨(dú)紋樣發(fā)展而來(lái),安置在特定外型中,受外型限制。構(gòu)圖形式有均衡式,輻射式,對(duì)稱(chēng)式,旋轉(zhuǎn)式等。
3、連續(xù)式:相對(duì)于單獨(dú)式紋樣而言,它以單位紋樣做重復(fù)排列,圖案的紋樣可以不斷重復(fù)出現(xiàn),圖案的長(zhǎng)度或面積可以無(wú)限地延伸。有二方連續(xù)、四方連續(xù)兩種形式。
A、二方連續(xù)紋樣是指一個(gè)單位紋樣向上下或左右兩個(gè)方向反復(fù)連續(xù)循環(huán)排列,產(chǎn)生優(yōu)美的、富有節(jié)奏和韻律感的橫式或縱式的帶狀紋樣,亦稱(chēng)花邊。
B、四方連續(xù)紋樣是指一個(gè)單位向上下左右四個(gè)方向反復(fù)連續(xù)循環(huán)排列所產(chǎn)生的紋樣。廣泛應(yīng)用在紡織面料、室內(nèi)裝飾材料、包裝材料等上面。
紋樣組織在處理圖案的基本紋樣與其構(gòu)成形式之間的協(xié)調(diào)問(wèn)題,具有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性和目的性,組織的形式除了受作者的主觀(guān)感受影響外,通常還取決于裝飾的對(duì)象、目的、材料、制作工藝等因素。
單獨(dú)紋樣是指沒(méi)有外輪廓及骨格限制,可單獨(dú)處理、自由運(yùn)用的一種裝飾紋樣,它可以單獨(dú)用作裝飾,也可用作適臺(tái)紋樣和連續(xù)紋樣的單位紋樣。作為圖案的最基本形式,單獨(dú)紋樣從布局上分為對(duì)稱(chēng)式和均衡式兩種形式。(舉例說(shuō)明三種紋樣組織形式的不同應(yīng)用)
(六)、學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)
牛刀小試——請(qǐng)學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)一枚單獨(dú)紋樣或連續(xù)紋樣 要求:
1、為文化衫、水杯、筆袋設(shè)計(jì)紋樣。
2、運(yùn)用概括、夸張、想象等方法進(jìn)行。作業(yè)評(píng)價(jià):
1、學(xué)生介紹自己的作品(從圖案、組織形式、色彩等方面來(lái)介紹);
2、讓學(xué)生之間互相評(píng)價(jià)。課堂總結(jié):
本課教學(xué)屬于“設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)用”型的課程,重點(diǎn)在于對(duì)紋樣與生活之間的關(guān)系呈現(xiàn)。本課的主要目的在于讓學(xué)生知曉紋樣與生活的聯(lián)系、明確知道紋樣是什么,為之后的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容打下理論基礎(chǔ)。
通過(guò)本課的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生能更好的去感受生活,發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中的美,學(xué)會(huì)欣賞紋樣的美,并形成好的審美感受。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,讓學(xué)生明確問(wèn)題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生由接受學(xué)習(xí)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽灾鲗W(xué)習(xí);課堂創(chuàng)設(shè)講授情境,激發(fā)學(xué)生創(chuàng)作熱情,讓學(xué)生相互交流,從學(xué)生的作品中總結(jié)課堂成果。