欧美色欧美亚洲高清在线观看,国产特黄特色a级在线视频,国产一区视频一区欧美,亚洲成a 人在线观看中文

  1. <ul id="fwlom"></ul>

    <object id="fwlom"></object>

    <span id="fwlom"></span><dfn id="fwlom"></dfn>

      <object id="fwlom"></object>

      英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)(共5則)

      時(shí)間:2019-05-13 21:21:33下載本文作者:會(huì)員上傳
      簡(jiǎn)介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)》,但愿對(duì)你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)》。

      第一篇:英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)

      比較級(jí)(comparative degree)在比較級(jí)中,有超越、相等、差遜三個(gè)級(jí)別。1.超越(superiority)

      (1)better than: 勝過,優(yōu)于

      Doing is better than saying.(百說不如一做。)(2)more than + 從句。多余,超過

      She has talked more than what is necessary.(她說了一些多余的話)(3)“than +關(guān)系代詞”的從句。再 …… 不過。

      He is a scholar than whom no man ever will be more honest.(他是個(gè)再誠實(shí)不過的學(xué)者了。)

      (4)superior to :占優(yōu)勢(shì),比……勝一籌。

      He is superior to his elder brother.(他比他哥哥強(qiáng))

      2.相等(equality)

      (1)as … as.如……一樣。

      As busy as a bee.(忙得不可開交)(2)as well as。既 …… 又,和……一樣。

      Pompey, as well as Caesar, was a great man.(像愷撒一樣,龐培也是一位偉人。)(3)the same as….像……一樣。

      The same as the past.(一如從前。)(4)such/ so…as.像……一樣。

      Such a great poet as Homer was proficient not just in literature but also in history.(像荷馬那樣的詩人,不僅要精通文學(xué),還要精通歷史。)(5)no sooner than..一……就(幾乎同時(shí),夸張用法)。

      No sooner said than done.(說到做到。)(6)No more than.就像,不優(yōu)于。

      You’re no more capable of speaking French than I am.(你我都不會(huì)說日語。)

      (7)No less than.就像,不次于。

      Technology is no less important than market.(技術(shù)和市場(chǎng)同樣重要。)(8)否定代詞+more than(else than, other than)。than是介詞,只不過……而已。

      This is no other than myself.(這人就是我。)3.差遜(inferiority)

      (1)inferior to.比……差,遜于……

      She in to some degree inferior to him in literary.(她比他在文學(xué)上稍遜風(fēng)騷。)

      (2)less than..少于,不到

      It rains less in Jinan than in Hangzhou.(濟(jì)南的降雨比杭州少。)

      (3)“差遜”中的形容詞或副詞可以轉(zhuǎn)換成反義詞,再按“超越”的路子來翻譯,這在翻譯中叫做“詞義的轉(zhuǎn)換”。(conversion of acceptation)The sky started to grow lighter and the shadow in the little town less dark..(天色漸漸發(fā)白,小鎮(zhèn)里的陰影處也慢慢亮了起來。)二、遞

      減(comparison of progressive and retrogressive degree)1.最……最……。最高級(jí)……最高級(jí)。

      He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes.(犯錯(cuò)最少的將軍就是最好的將軍。)

      The cheapest is always the dearest.(最便宜的東西往往是最貴的)

      The sweetest grapes hang highest.(最甜的葡萄長(zhǎng)在最高的地方。)2.From+原級(jí)+to+比較級(jí)。越……越……。

      From bad to worse.(越來越糟)

      3.as well as.不僅……,也……。(強(qiáng)調(diào)在前)

      She can speak Japanese as well as English.(她不僅能說英語,還能說日語)4.all the more……。反而更……。She has all the more reason..(她反而更有理。)

      5.ever +現(xiàn)在分詞。

      He is ever perfecting in his professional work..(他在業(yè)務(wù)上精益求精。)

      6.More and more,ever more……,growing……,increasingly, on the increase.越來越……,與日俱增。He becomes

      more

      and

      more

      irritated

      by

      her selfish behavior.(他對(duì)她的自私的行為越來越惱火)He seems ever more nervous during the job interview.(他在招聘面試中似乎越來越緊張。)

      He expressed his growing indifference to her.(他對(duì)她越來越冷淡。)

      Increasingly important, popular(越來越重要、普及)7. more than.不僅……;而且有余。

      The reservoir can more than make up for the shortage of rainfall.(水庫里的水不僅可補(bǔ)雨水之缺,還綽綽有余。

      8.more……, less…….越……反而更……

      More haste, less speed.(欲速不達(dá)。)

      9.None the more: not at all.毫無,毫不。After hearing her lecture on computers I’m none the wiser.(聽了她關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)的講座,我毫無收獲。)

      11.no less than.不但……,而且……。

      He is no less apt at dance than language.(他不僅善于學(xué)習(xí)語言,而且善于舞蹈)

      12.only +謂語+比較級(jí).only the +比較級(jí)。譯作:反而更加……。Rains

      only

      make

      the

      oriental cherries more beautiful than ever.(雨后櫻花更嫵媚。)His will is only the stronger after the failure.(他愈挫愈奮。)13.The more……,the more…….The sooner, the better.The more, the better.The more one has,the more one wants.(越富越貪。)

      14.逆勢(shì)遞增句

      借“遞增”的形式表示“遞減”的意思,與漢語不同。如:

      Increasingly unpopular.(越來越不得人心。)15. 隱型遞增句

      指沒有遞增的形式,有遞增的寓意,可借意譯彰顯其真實(shí)含義。

      Still waters run deep.(靜流水深,大智若愚)

      Old but vigorous(老當(dāng)益壯)You can’t praise him too much.(怎么表揚(yáng)他也不過分。)

      16.詞義轉(zhuǎn)換法,翻譯遞減級(jí)。The vernal

      breeze

      rejuvenates

      the

      willows;all creatures grow less and less dead.(春風(fēng)又綠江南岸)

      三.強(qiáng)勢(shì)比較結(jié)構(gòu) 1.

      far ,much,considerable,appreciably,lots, a lot, a good deal, a great deal +比較級(jí)。譯作:遠(yuǎn)比……得多,遠(yuǎn)勝于……。

      In

      a

      sense, translation is considerably more difficult than composition.(在某種意義上,翻譯比寫作要難)

      2.more +比較級(jí)。譯作:越……,越……。

      The more admonished, the more worse.(越勸越醉)

      3.more +本該加er的原級(jí)。

      This is a more sounder resolution.(這是一個(gè)合理的解決方案。)

      4.more than + 原級(jí)。分外,榮幸。

      You do me more than proud.(我不勝榮幸。)

      5.most +最高級(jí)。

      The peonies of Heze is the finest in the world.(曹州牡丹甲天下。)6.no +比較級(jí)。譯作:一點(diǎn)兒也沒有……。

      The situations in Iraq become no better.(伊拉克的形勢(shì)一點(diǎn)兒也沒好轉(zhuǎn)。)

      7.still(even)+比較級(jí)。譯作:更加……,倍加……。The Chinese

      flowering

      crabapple

      looks

      still even more charming against the green leaves(在綠葉的映襯下,海棠花顯得更加?jì)善G。)

      8.still less(=much less)。譯作:更不用說……。

      She was too shy to speak to his neighbors, still less speak to the whole class.(她膽小的都不敢和街坊說話,更不用說面對(duì)全班發(fā)言了。)

      9.本不該加est的原級(jí)+ est。譯作:極其……。Sino-American

      relations

      belong

      to the complicatedest bilateral relations.(中美關(guān)系是最為復(fù)雜的一對(duì)雙邊關(guān)系。)

      10.主語+as …… as+相同主語。譯作:不僅……,而且……。

      She’s as successful an actress as she is a singer.(她當(dāng)演員和當(dāng)歌手一樣成功。)11.強(qiáng)化最高級(jí)的詞或詞組。

      By far(the best)譯作:與其說……,不如說……。

      12.顛倒語序式強(qiáng)勢(shì)比較句。

      As talented in diplomacy as Bismarck was Metternich.(俾斯麥和梅特涅一樣很有外交手腕)

      13.隱型強(qiáng)勢(shì)比較句。如:second to none。譯作:比……毫不遜色。

      Chinese

      garden architecture is second to none in artistic style.(中國的園林建筑在藝術(shù)風(fēng)格上不比任何別的國家差。)四.否定式比較結(jié)構(gòu)

      1.比較級(jí)+名詞+than +被比較的名詞,較級(jí)+ of +名詞+than +被比較的名詞,more likely than,rather a …… than a……。譯作:與其說……,不如說……。

      It sounds more a lyric than a song.(它與其說是歌詞,不如說是一首抒情詩。)He is more of a strategist than of a tactician.(他與其說是個(gè)戰(zhàn)術(shù)家,不如說是個(gè)戰(zhàn)略家。)

      She is more likely his fiancee than his girlfriend.(與其說她是他的女友,不如說是他的未婚妻。)He is rather a poet than a calligrapher.(他與其說是個(gè)書法家,不如說是個(gè)詩人。)

      2.比較級(jí)+名詞+than +名詞。譯作:空有……,而無……。

      More praise than pudding.(口惠而實(shí)不至)3.比較級(jí)+介詞+than +介詞。譯作:有……,而無……。More of word than of deed.(光說不做)

      4.比較級(jí)+分詞+than +分詞。譯作:沒有……,倒是……。

      The child was more frightened than hurt.(孩子沒有受傷,倒是受了些驚嚇。)

      5.比較級(jí)+ than +原級(jí)。譯作:有余……不足……。

      He seems more cautious than decisive.(他顯得謹(jǐn)慎有余,而果斷不足。)6.定詞+than(介詞)。譯作:并不。

      She is no more plentiful than him in learning.(她并不比他有學(xué)問。)

      7.more than +不定式。譯作:雖然……,還不至于……。

      I’m wiser than to believe him.(我還沒傻到相信他的地步。)8.more than +動(dòng)詞。譯作:毫不……。

      The teacher more than hinted at his flaws.(老師毫不諱言指出了他的毛病。)9.譯作:與其說……,不如說……。

      10. more than +名詞。譯作:非……所能……。

      More than words can describe.(非語言所能形容。)11.隱型否定比較句(1).too……。譯作: 太……(必須)……。Three

      years

      are

      too

      long.I doesn’t want to be a postgraduate.(三年時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)了,我不想讀研究生。)

      (2).too……to。譯作:過于……,以至于不……。

      You are too young to go to school.(你太小了還不能上學(xué)。)

      (3).none too, not over-(構(gòu)成合成形容詞)。譯作:并不太……。

      None too disappointed.(并不失望)

      not over-hopeful about it.(不抱希望)

      五.選擇性比較結(jié)構(gòu)

      1.had better/best。譯作:最好……,還是……的好。

      You’d better look before you leap.(你最好三思后行。)

      2.would rather…… than。譯作:與其……,不如……;寧……,不……。

      Would rather break than bend.(寧為玉碎,不為瓦全)3.better to …… rather than。譯作:不如……。

      Better to have a bird in hand than the ten in the air.(十鳥在走,不如一鳥在手。)

      4.prefer to …… rather than。譯作:寧……,不……。Prefer to die rather than surrender.(寧死不屈)5.prefer ……to(above, before)。譯作:寧……,不……。Prefer death than surrender.(寧死不屈)Good一詞,在英語中該算是最熟悉、最常用的了。它的搭配能力很強(qiáng),而且也常見于科技文章中。一看到good,我們便自然而然得會(huì)想到“好的”這一詞義。然而,在一些場(chǎng)合,good的譯法卻是頗費(fèi)躊躇的。

      1,可譯為“好的”,但概念模糊:如good fish(好魚),是指品種,大小還是新鮮程度呢?

      2,勉強(qiáng)可譯為“好的”,但不搭配:如Good fire若譯為“很好的爐火”是可以理解的,但不如譯為“旺盛的爐火”。

      3,譯成“好的”反而錯(cuò)了:如good hard work不是指“一項(xiàng)好的但卻艱巨的工作”,而是指“一項(xiàng)十分艱巨的工作”。

      為什么這樣普通的詞在翻譯時(shí)卻難處理呢?其原因有二: 1,只知其一,不知其二、三

      有的詞有一個(gè)義項(xiàng),有的詞有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上義項(xiàng)。good 一詞,在《現(xiàn)代高級(jí)英漢雙解辭典》中就有十八項(xiàng)釋義,如不能全面地掌握這些義項(xiàng),翻譯時(shí)就會(huì)遇到困難。2,不善舉一反三,觸類旁通

      從語言的發(fā)展來看,一個(gè)詞總會(huì)有一個(gè)最原始的或最基本的詞義(叫做本義),而其他的詞義是由這個(gè)詞發(fā)展或引申而來的(叫做引申義)。引申,就是由原義產(chǎn)生新義。選擇詞義難就難在這個(gè)“新”字上。一是英語單詞本身已有引申義。這就要勤查字典,從諸多詞義中去挑選最合適的詞義。二是詞典中所有詞義都不貼切,要根據(jù)漢譯的需要去創(chuàng)造新義,而新義又必須與本義相關(guān)聯(lián)。如good一詞在英語中已有引申義“strong, vigorous(強(qiáng)健的,有力的)”。因此,His eyesight is still good.一句應(yīng)譯為“他的視力仍然很強(qiáng)。”(good由“好的”引申為“強(qiáng)的”)。而在下面的例句中,good 可引申為“高度的”。To produce strong X-rays the tube had to be made a very good vacuum.管子要產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)的射線,就必須制成高度的真空。而“高度的”這一詞義,在《現(xiàn)代高級(jí)英漢雙解辭典》、《遠(yuǎn)東英漢大辭典》等的漢語釋義中都是沒有的,因而可算是新創(chuàng)的?,F(xiàn)在,讓我們以《現(xiàn)代高級(jí)英漢雙解辭典》為據(jù),列舉good一詞的幾個(gè)義項(xiàng)來觀察它在漢譯時(shí)是如何引申和再引申的。為了節(jié)省篇幅,本文只探討作為形容詞用的而且常用于科技文章中的幾個(gè)義項(xiàng)的譯法,不涉及用于生活、口語和文學(xué)時(shí)的譯法,也不涉及用于問候語、客氣的稱呼、贊揚(yáng)之詞以及片語和復(fù)合詞的用法。為了方便,本文不再引用其英語的釋義而用其對(duì)應(yīng)的漢語譯義,每一詞義只舉一例。

      一、美好的;良好的;令人滿意的 a good knife 一把好刀 a good conductor 良導(dǎo)體 漢譯時(shí)引申:

      1.a good soil 肥沃的土壤 2.good oil 提純了的油 3.a good money 真的貨幣 4.a good river 暢通的河道 5.good English 規(guī)范的英語

      6,Good switches move quickly.優(yōu)質(zhì)開關(guān)動(dòng)作靈活。(good引申為“優(yōu)質(zhì)的”)

      7.That engine sounds good.那臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)聽起來很正常。(good 引申譯為“正常”)

      8.the rocket travels better through vacuum than it des through the air.火箭穿過真空比穿過空氣容易。(good引申譯為“容易”)

      9.A good example of a case where electricity is changed to power is the electric streetcar.電變?yōu)閯?dòng)力的典型例子是電車。(good example 引申譯為“典型的例子”)

      10.In the absence of an outdoor aerial this telescopic aerial will give a good picture if the transmitter signal is sufficiently strong.在無室外天線時(shí),若發(fā)射機(jī)的信號(hào)很強(qiáng),這種拉桿天線可產(chǎn)生清晰的圖象(good picture引申譯為“清晰的圖象”)

      11.Laser possesses a series of remarkable properties, which make it a better light source in a number of cases.激光有許多顯著的特性,這些特性使它在許多情況下成為一種更理想的光源。(good引申譯為“理想的”)

      二、有益的

      Milk is good food for children.牛奶對(duì)小孩是有益的。漢譯時(shí)引申: 1.good gradient平緩的坡度

      2.It is no good heating the material to such a temperature.把材料加熱到這樣的溫度是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹#╣ood引申為“恰當(dāng)?shù)摹保?/p>

      三、能勝任的;有能力的;能干的 漢譯時(shí)引申:

      1.a good chess player 高明的棋手

      2.A good human translator can do perhaps 2000 to 3000 words a day.一個(gè)熟練的翻譯人員一天也許能翻譯兩千到三千個(gè)詞。(good引申譯為“熟練的”)

      四、徹底的;完全的

      The workers gave the machine a good checking.工人們對(duì)機(jī)器進(jìn)行了徹底的檢查。漢譯時(shí)引申: 1.have a good drink 喝個(gè)痛快

      2.It has been thought of making good use of the sun's energy to serve the well-being of the people.我們?cè)缇驮O(shè)想過充分利用太陽能來為自己造福。(good引申譯為“充分”)

      3.This set consumes so little power that a good 12 volt car battery can still start your car after you have been watching TV for 10 hours.本機(jī)耗電極少,因而具有12伏足電的汽車蓄電池在你看電視十小時(shí)后仍能用于開車。(good引申為“充足的”)

      4.Rivers provide good sources of hydropower.河流具有豐富的水力資源。(good引申譯為“豐富的”)5.The CE circuit is widely favored since it can be designed for good voltage and current gains.CE電路得到廣泛的使用,因?yàn)樗塬@得高電壓增益和高電流增益。(good...gains引申譯為“高……增益”)

      五、可靠的;安全的;確實(shí)的 a car with good brakes 剎車可靠的汽車 a good investment 安全的投資 good debts 確可償還的債務(wù) 1.A cat may look at a king.[字面意思] 貓也可以看國王。

      [解釋] 無名小卒也可以評(píng)論大人物。人皆可以為堯舜。不要因?yàn)閯e人的資格不夠老,或經(jīng)驗(yàn)不如你多,就不讓他發(fā)表意見。2.A penny saved is a penny earned.[字面意思] 節(jié)省一個(gè)便士就等于掙了一個(gè)便士。

      [解釋] 省錢是明智的做法。省一分就是賺一分。不要因?yàn)殄X的數(shù)目不大就不把它當(dāng)一回事,瞧不起小錢是不對(duì)的,要記住A penny saved is a penny earned這條經(jīng)驗(yàn)。3.A watched pot never boils.[字面意思] 眼睛盯著看的壺永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)開。

      [解釋] 事情在進(jìn)行中,不到時(shí)候就不會(huì)有結(jié)果,要水到渠成才行。心急鍋不開。你著急?著急也沒用!用眼睛盯著它看也無濟(jì)于事,事情不會(huì)因?yàn)槟阒本蜁?huì)有較快的進(jìn)展。4.A word to the wise.[字面意思] 送給智者的一句話。

      [解釋] 給明智而愿意接受別人意見或建議的人提出忠告。我知道你能聽進(jìn)去話,所以我才跟你這么說。我說的是正確的,對(duì)你有好處,而且我知道你也會(huì)聽取我的意見。5.All is well that ends well.[字面意思] 結(jié)尾好就意味著一切都好。

      [解釋] 結(jié)局好,一切都好。出自莎士比亞劇本名。在開始或中間環(huán)節(jié)出現(xiàn)的一些小的差錯(cuò)或麻煩無關(guān)緊要,沒什么大不了的,只要最終的結(jié)局令人滿意,那就是好的。6.Bad news travels fast.[字面意思] 壞消息傳得快。[解釋] 好事不出門,壞事傳千里。7.Beauty is only skin deep.[字面意思] 美貌只是膚淺的。

      [解釋] 美貌只是表面現(xiàn)象而已。以貌取人靠不住。你不能只看到她有漂亮的面孔就向她求愛,你還應(yīng)該考慮其它方面的因素。找結(jié)婚伴侶是要過日子,不是當(dāng)海報(bào)招貼畫來看的。我的忠告是兩句話:Beauty is only skin-deep.True feelings are more important.8.Beggars can't be choosers.[字面意思] 乞丐不可能有選擇。

      [解釋] 你得到的不完全是你想得到的,可能條件或質(zhì)量等方面差一些,但沒有再選擇的余地,只能接受不十分滿意的事物。這就叫Beggars can't be choosers.9.Better safe than sorry.[字面意思] 安全比遺憾好

      [解釋] 最好不要去冒險(xiǎn)。即使不冒險(xiǎn)你得多費(fèi)些功夫,多做些枯燥無味的工作,這都值得。總比為了省事而冒險(xiǎn)強(qiáng)。變體:Better to be safe than sorry.10.Easy come, easy go.[字面意思] 來的容易,去的快。

      [解釋] 這句話適合講給那些把什么事都看得容易的人。尤其是對(duì)那種認(rèn)為掙錢容易,不把錢當(dāng)錢,對(duì)任何事情都不擔(dān)心的人最適合。應(yīng)該提醒這種人“錢不是長(zhǎng)在樹上的”。錢不是像樹上的果實(shí)一樣,今年吃光了明年還會(huì)自動(dòng)長(zhǎng)出來。有些人自己不掙錢,不知道掙錢的艱辛。11.Every little helps.[字面意思] 每一小部分都有幫助。

      [解釋] 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴,有其助益。一顆顆糧食堆成山,一塊塊銅板成千萬。偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的孩子沒學(xué)上,我們有義務(wù)幫助他們。希望大家多支持,捐錢、捐書、捐鉛筆,什么都行。多捐多感謝、少捐也不嫌,Every little helps.12.Good wine needs no bush.[字面意思] 好酒不需要做廣告。

      [解釋] 好的產(chǎn)品不需要做更多的廣告。酒好不怕巷子深?;蛟S這話在全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的年代不太適合。13.I am all ears.[字面意思] 我渾身上下都是耳朵。

      [解釋] 我在洗耳恭聽。我很感興趣,我在集中精力,全神貫注地等你往下說。比如:女朋友說“我今天下午去參加面試了。你想知道結(jié)果嗎?”女朋友沒往下說,就等男朋友開口,希望他說:“Tell me!Tell me!I'm all ears!” 14.If the cap fits, wear it.[字面意思] 如果帽子合適,就戴著吧。

      [解釋] 要是言之中肯,就接受吧。你的作業(yè)沒做好,老師認(rèn)為你看電視太多,影響了你的學(xué)習(xí)。老師說你是“電視迷”(TV addict),你不承認(rèn)。你我同住一個(gè)宿舍,我很清楚老師說的是對(duì)的,所以If the cap fits, wear it.15.In for a penny, in for a pound![字面意思] 賭一便士是賭,賭一英鎊也是賭。

      [解釋] 類似“一不做、二不休”的說法。這是當(dāng)你要準(zhǔn)備參與某個(gè)項(xiàng)目,準(zhǔn)備投入你的財(cái)力,時(shí)間或精力的時(shí)候可能說的一句話。你買股票時(shí),拿不定主意,是買進(jìn)100股,還是再多買一點(diǎn)。我勸你:“我看能賺大錢,干脆多買點(diǎn)兒,In for a penny, in for a pound!16.It gets my goat.[字面意思] 動(dòng)了我的山羊。

      [解釋] 某事使你生氣,你可以說It gets my goat(真讓人生氣?。┍热缥铱吹接腥苏驹诼分虚g說話,擋著道,我還得繞著過去,我就特別生氣。變體:It gets on my goat.17.It slipped my mind.[字面意思] 從大腦里溜走了。

      [解釋] 忘記了。沒記住。我本想告訴你,你的女朋友來電話了,但是我把這事給忘記了。I meant to tell you your girl friend had called, but it slipped my mind.18.It takes two to tango.[字面意思] 跳探戈舞需要兩個(gè)人。

      [解釋] 一個(gè)巴掌拍不響。孤掌難鳴。如果兩個(gè)人在吵架,我認(rèn)為錯(cuò)不在一方,兩人都不對(duì),那就可以說It takes two to tango.19.It's all my eye![字面意思] 都是的我的眼睛。

      [解釋] 表示不同意或驚訝。大意相當(dāng)于:我根本不相信;他說的都是騙人的鬼話;胡說八道。也可以說:That's all my eye.如果你聽到了某人說的假話,你就可以說It's all my eye!勸別人也不要相信。20.It's my word against his/hers.[字面意思] 我的話對(duì)他/她的話。

      [解釋] 我跟他發(fā)生爭(zhēng)執(zhí),我倆各執(zhí)一詞,沒有人可以證明誰對(duì)誰不對(duì),公說公有理,婆說婆有理。你該相信誰的話,真是個(gè)難題。There were no witnesses to the accident, so it's my word against hers.這是說不清的事情。

      21.It's not my pigeon.[字面意思] 不是我的鴿子。

      [解釋] 不關(guān)我的事。不是我的責(zé)任。跟我沒關(guān)系。那家公司倒閉了?幸好我沒買它的股票,倒就倒了吧,It's not my pigeon.22.Keep your chin up.[字面意思] 抬起下巴頦。

      [解釋] 這是對(duì)處在困境中的人說的一句話。是對(duì)別人的鼓勵(lì)和關(guān)心,要他勇敢地面對(duì)困難,不要因?yàn)槭艿酱煺鄱倚膯蕷?。你的女朋友又找到新的男朋友了?沒關(guān)系,Keep your chin up!23.Let bygones be bygones.[字面意思] 讓過去的就過去吧。

      [解釋] 忘掉過去不愉快的事情。我們倆有過不和的時(shí)候,但希望以后我們還是朋友。昨天我跟你吵架了,今天我對(duì)你說:I am sorry we had a row last night.Let's become friends again and let bygones be bygones.24.Like father, like son.[字面意思] 兒子像父親。

      [解釋] 有其父、必有其子。也可以說Like mother, like daughter.25.Little leaks sink the ship.[字面意思] 小漏洞會(huì)使一條船沉沒。

      [解釋] 千里長(zhǎng)堤,潰于蟻穴。不能輕視出現(xiàn)的小問題,時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了可能會(huì)引起大麻煩。26.Love begets love.[字面意思] 愛可以帶來更多的愛。[解釋] 情生情,愛生愛。你不愛他,他就不會(huì)愛你。希望你多給他些愛,這樣他會(huì)更愛你,我們都應(yīng)該記住:Love begets love.(Like begets like的意思是”有其因必有其果“)。27.Love is blind.[字面意思] 愛情是盲目的。

      [解釋] 情人眼里出西施。究竟他為什么愛上了她?我是不理解,但誰也說不清。愛情就是這樣,正像人們常說的一樣,Love is blind.典出羅馬神話,愛神丘比特Cupid用布蒙著眼睛,生有雙翅,持弓箭,”愛情之箭“會(huì)盲目地射出。28.Love me, love my dog.[字面意思] 如果愛我,也應(yīng)該愛我的狗。

      [解釋] 你要是愛我,那也應(yīng)該愛我所愛的一切。相當(dāng)于漢語的”愛屋及烏"。我離了婚,還帶著兩個(gè)孩子。你說你愛我。但兩個(gè)孩子不能離開我,我認(rèn)的就是Love me, love my dog這個(gè)理。29.Mark my words![字面意思] 記下我說的話。

      [解釋] 給別人提出建議或警告,要?jiǎng)e人按你的意見辦事。我說的沒錯(cuò),相信我的話。我知道這匹馬能贏,你該把賭注下在這兒。You will regret it if you don't put your money on this horse.Mark my words!30.Marriage is a lottery.[字面意思] 找對(duì)象是碰運(yùn)氣。

      [解釋] 婚姻要碰運(yùn)氣;婚姻就像買彩票。很難說好女子就一定能找到好丈夫,或好男子就一定能碰上好妻子。有不少人認(rèn)為Marriage is a lottery.

      第二篇:英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)

      英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)

      一、英語語句基本結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

      (一)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu):

      1、主語:可以作主語的成分有名詞(如boy),主格代詞(如you),數(shù)詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞等。主語一般

      英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)

      在句首。注意名詞單數(shù)形式常和冠詞不分家!

      eg: The boy comes from America.He made a speech.Tow and tow is four.To be a teacher is my dream.Doing a research is a necessary step of covering a story.2、謂語:謂語由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成,是英語時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)變化的主角,一般在主語之后。謂語可以是不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)沒

      有賓語,形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu),eg:We come.Many changes took place in my home town.注(以下這些詞是不及物動(dòng)詞:表發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)的,如:take place, appear, happen, break out;表來、去,如:com

      e, go 等)

      3、賓語:賓語位于及物動(dòng)詞之后,一般同主語構(gòu)成一樣,不同的是構(gòu)成賓語的代詞必須是‘代詞賓格’,如:me,him,them等。除了代詞賓格可以作賓語外,名詞,動(dòng)名詞,不定式等可以作賓語。

      eg:I will do it tomorrow.The boy needs a pen.I like swimming.I like to swim this afternoon.(二)主系表結(jié)構(gòu):

      1、主語:同‘主謂賓’結(jié)構(gòu)。

      2、謂語:聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞(Link verb):be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are,was,were,have been);其他聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞如:become成為,turn變

      成,go變和感官動(dòng)詞如:feel, touch, hear, see等。其特點(diǎn)是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞與其后的表語沒有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,表語多為形容詞

      或副詞,既,不可能是賓語。

      3、表語:說明主語的狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、等??蔀樾稳菰~、副詞、名詞、代詞、不定式、分詞。(1)當(dāng)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞不是be,而其后是名詞和代詞時(shí),多表達(dá)‘轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?,注意與動(dòng)賓關(guān)系的區(qū)別。

      eg: He became a teacher at last.His face turned red.(2)感官動(dòng)詞多可用作聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞

      eg: He looks well.他面色好。

      It sounds nice.這個(gè)聽起來不錯(cuò)。

      I feel good.我感覺好。

      The egg smells bad.這個(gè)雞蛋難聞。

      例:Tom is a boy.(Tom是個(gè)男孩)主語為Tom,系詞為be動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)is,表語為a boy

      (三)There be 結(jié)構(gòu):

      There be 表示‘存在有’。這里的there沒有實(shí)際意義,不可與副詞‘there那里’混淆。

      此結(jié)構(gòu)后跟名詞,表示‘(存在)有某事物’

      試比較:There is a boy there.(那兒有一個(gè)男孩。)/前一個(gè)there無實(shí)意,后一個(gè)there為副詞‘那里’。

      二、定語:定語是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子,漢語中常用‘……的’表示。

      定語通常位于被修飾的成分前。若修飾some,any,every,no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí),(如:something、nothing);

      或不定式、分詞短語作定語、從句作定語時(shí),則定語通常置后。副詞用作定語時(shí)須放在名詞之后。

      (一)形容詞作定語:

      The little boy needs a blue pen.小男孩需要一支藍(lán)色的鋼筆。

      (二)數(shù)詞作定語相當(dāng)于形容詞:

      Two boys need two pens.兩個(gè)男孩需要兩支鋼筆。

      (三)形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格作定語:

      His boy needs Tom's pen.他的男孩需要Tom的鋼筆。

      There are two boys of Toms there.那兒有Tom家的兩個(gè)男孩。

      (四)介詞短語作定語:

      The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支鋼筆。

      The boy in blue is Tom.穿蘭色衣服的孩子是湯姆。

      There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有兩個(gè)9歲的,三個(gè)10歲的男孩。

      (五)名詞作定語:

      The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圓珠筆。

      副詞作定語:

      The boy there needs a pen.那兒的男孩需要一支鋼筆。

      不定式作定語:

      The boy to write this letter needs a pen.寫這封信的男孩需要一支鋼筆。

      (六)分詞(短語)作定語:

      The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那個(gè)微笑的男孩需要一支他媽媽買的鋼筆。

      (七)定語從句:

      The boy who is reading needs a pen.那個(gè)在閱讀的男孩需要一支鋼筆。

      三、狀語:狀語修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句,說明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方向、程度、目的等

      狀語在句子中的位置很靈活,常見情況為:通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后,強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首;修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí),通常位于被修飾的詞之前;表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭,強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首,地點(diǎn)狀語一般須

      在時(shí)間狀語之前;一些表示不確定時(shí)間(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副詞狀語通常位于be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)

      詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,動(dòng)詞之前。

      有時(shí)狀語在句中的某個(gè)位置會(huì)引起歧義,應(yīng)注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教

      室里的女孩‘(此時(shí)in the classroom為girl的定語),也可以理解為‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此時(shí)in the classroom為地

      點(diǎn)狀語),最好寫作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'

      (一)副詞(短語)作狀語:

      The boy needs a pen very much.男孩非常需要一支鋼筆。(程度狀語)

      The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother.男孩非常需要他母親買的那支鋼筆。(賓語較長(zhǎng)則狀語前置)

      The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩現(xiàn)在需要一支鋼筆。(時(shí)間狀語)

      (二)介詞短語作狀語:

      In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.在教室里,男孩需要一支鋼筆。(地點(diǎn)狀語)

      Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.在母親面前,湯姆總是一個(gè)男孩子。(條件狀語)

      On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom.星期天,教室里沒有學(xué)生。(時(shí)間狀語)

      (三)分詞(短語)作狀語:

      He sits there,asking for a pen.他坐在那兒要一支筆。(表示伴隨狀態(tài))

      Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen.因?yàn)椴坏貌煌瓿勺鳂I(yè),男孩需要一支筆。(原因狀語)

      (四)不定式作狀語:

      The boy needs a pen to do his homework.男孩需要一支筆寫家庭作業(yè)。(目的狀語)

      (五)名詞作狀語:

      Come this way!走這條路?。ǚ较驙钫Z)

      (六)狀語從句:

      時(shí)間狀語從句,地點(diǎn)狀語從句,原因狀語從句,結(jié)果狀語從句,目的狀語從句,比較狀語從句,讓步狀語從句,條件狀語從句

      四、直接賓語和間接賓語:

      (一)特殊的同源賓語現(xiàn)象: fight a fight , dream a dream , etc.(二)有些及物動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語,如:give給,pass遞,bring帶,show顯示。這兩個(gè)賓語通常一個(gè)指人,為間接賓語;一個(gè)指物,為直接賓語。間接賓語一般位于直接賓語之前。

      一般的順序?yàn)椋簞?dòng)詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語。

      eg:Give me a cup of tea,please.強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語順序?yàn)椋簞?dòng)詞 + 直接賓語 + to + 間接賓語。eg:Show this house to Mr.Smith.Mr.五、賓語補(bǔ)足語:位于賓語之后對(duì)賓語作出說明的成分。賓語與其補(bǔ)足語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,它們一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。

      (一)名詞/代詞賓格 + 名詞

      The war made him a soldier.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)使他成為一名戰(zhàn)士。

      (二)名詞/代詞賓格 + 形容詞

      New methods make the job easy.新方法使這項(xiàng)工作變得輕松。

      (三)名詞/代詞賓格 + 介詞短語

      I often find him at work.我經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)他在工作。

      (四)名詞/代詞賓格 + 動(dòng)詞不定式

      The teacher ask the students to close the windows.老師讓學(xué)生們關(guān)上窗戶。

      (五)名詞/代詞賓格 + 分詞

      I saw a cat running acrothe road.我看見一只貓跑過了馬路。

      六、同位語:同位語是在名詞或代詞之后并列名詞或代詞對(duì)前者加以說明的成分,近乎于后置定語。如:

      We students should study hard.(students是we的同位語,都是指同一批‘學(xué)生’)

      We all are students.(all是we的同位語,都指同樣的‘我們’)

      七、獨(dú)立成分:有時(shí)句子中會(huì)有一些與句子沒有語法聯(lián)系的成分,稱為句子獨(dú)立成分(注意:區(qū)別于分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu))。

      感嘆詞:oh,hello,aha,ah,等??隙ㄔ~yes否定詞no稱呼語:稱呼人的用語。插入語:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。

      如: The story,I think,has never come to the end./我相信,這個(gè)故事還遠(yuǎn)沒結(jié)束。

      情態(tài)詞,表示說話人的語氣(多作為修飾全句的狀語):perhaps也許,maybe大概,acturely實(shí)際上,certainly當(dāng)然,等。

      八、分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu):分詞作狀語時(shí)其邏輯主語與句子的主語一致!否則應(yīng)有自己的邏輯主語,構(gòu)成分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。

      例:錯(cuò)句:Studying hard,your score will go up.正確:(1)Studying hard,you can make your score go up.或(2)If you study hard,your score will go up.解析:錯(cuò)句中分詞studying沒有自帶邏輯主語,則其邏輯主語就是句子的主語,既your score.顯然做study的應(yīng)是人,不應(yīng)是your score(分?jǐn)?shù))。正確句(1)更正了句子的主語,使其與分詞邏輯主語一致(同為you);正確句(2)則使用條件分句帶出study的主語,(不過已經(jīng)不是分詞結(jié)構(gòu)了)。

      分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)常省略being,having been.不過‘There being…’的場(chǎng)合不能省略。

      如:

      Game(being)over,he went home.He stands there,book(being)in hand.獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)還可用with、without引導(dǎo),作狀語或定語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)不但可以用分詞,還可以用不定式、形容詞、介詞短語、副詞或名詞等。

      如:

      With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon.無事可做,他很快就睡著了。

      The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose.老師進(jìn)來了,戴著一付眼鏡。(注意,此句on his nose不可省略?。?/p>

      第三篇:、英語重結(jié)構(gòu)

      Introduction: There is not one single Chinese language, but many different versions or dialects including Wu, Cantonese and Taiwanese.Northern Chinese, also known as Mandarin, is the mother tongue of about 70% of Chinese speakers and is the accepted written language for all Chinese.Belonging to two different language families, English and Chinese have many significant differences.This makes learning English a serious challenge for Chinese native speakers.Alphabet: Chinese does not have an alphabet but uses a logographic system for its written language.In logographic systems symbols represent the words themselvesVerb/Tense: In English much information is carried by the use of auxiliaries and by verb inflections: is/are/were, eat/eats/ate/eaten, etc.Chinese, on the other hand, is an uninflected language and conveys meaning through word order, adverbials or shared understanding of the context.The concept of time in Chinese is not handled through the use of different tenses and verb forms, as it is in English.For all these

      reasons it is not surprising that Chinese learners have trouble with the complexities of the English verb system.Here are some typical verb/tense mistakes:

      ?

      ?

      ?

      ?

      ?

      ? What do you do?(i.e.What are you doing?)(wrong tense)I will call you as soon as I will get there.(wrong tense)She has got married last Saturday.(wrong tense)She good teacher.(missing copula)How much you pay for your car?(missing auxiliary)I wish I am rich.(indicative instead of subjunctive)

      English commonly expresses shades of meaning with modal verbs.Think for example of the increasing degree of politeness of the following instructions:

      Open the window, please.? Could you open the window, please?

      ? Would you mind opening the window, please??

      Since Chinese modals do not convey such a wide range of meaning, Chinese learners may fail to use English modals sufficiently.This can result in them seeming peremptory when making requests, suggestions, etc.Grammar-Other: Chinese does not have articles, so difficulties with their correct use in English are very common.There are various differences in word order between Chinese and English.In Chinese, for example, questions are conveyed by intonation;the subject and verb are not inverted as in English.Nouns cannot be post-modified as in English;and adverbials usually precede verbs, unlike in English which has complex rules governing the position of such sentence elements.Interference from Chinese, then, leads to the following typical problems:

      When you are going home?

      ? English is a very hard to learn language.? Next week I will return to China.(More usual English: I will return

      to China next week.)?

      Vocabulary: English has a number of short verbs that very commonly combine with particles(adverbs or prepositions)to form what are known as phrasal verbs;for example: take on, give in, make do with, look up to.This kind of lexical feature does not exist in Chinese.Chinese learners, therefore, may experience serious difficulty in comprehending texts containing such verbs and avoid attempting to use them themselves.一、英語重結(jié)構(gòu),漢語重語義我國著名語言學(xué)家王力先生曾經(jīng)說過:“就句子的結(jié)構(gòu)而論,西洋語言是法治的,中國語言是人治的?!?/p>

      二、英語多長(zhǎng)句,漢語多短句 由于英語是“法治”的語言,只要結(jié)構(gòu)上沒有出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤,許多意思往往可以放在一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句中表達(dá);漢語則正好相反,由于是“人治”,語義通過字詞直接表達(dá),不同的意思往往通過不同的短句表達(dá)出來。正是由于這個(gè)原因,考研英譯漢試題幾乎百分之百都是長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜的句子,而翻譯成中文經(jīng)常就成了許多短小的句子。

      三、英語多從句,漢語多分句英語句子不僅可以在簡(jiǎn)單句中使用很長(zhǎng)的修飾語使句子變長(zhǎng),同時(shí)也可以用從句使句子變復(fù)雜,而這些從句往往通過從句引導(dǎo)詞與主句或其它從句連接,整個(gè)句子盡管表面上看錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜卻是一個(gè)整體。漢語本來就喜歡用短句,加上表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)松散,英語句子中的從句翻成漢語時(shí)往往成了一些分句。

      四、主語,賓語等名詞成分“英語多代詞,漢語多名詞”在句子中,英語多用名詞和介詞,漢語多用動(dòng)詞。英語不僅有we、you、he、they等人稱代詞,而且還有that、which之類的關(guān)系代詞,在長(zhǎng)而復(fù)雜的句子,為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確、語義清楚,同時(shí)避免表達(dá)上的重復(fù),英語往往使用很多代詞。漢語雖然也有代詞,但由于結(jié)構(gòu)相對(duì)松散、句子相對(duì)較短,漢語里不能使用太多的代詞,使用名詞往往使語義更加清楚。

      五、英語多被動(dòng),漢語多主動(dòng)英語比較喜歡用被動(dòng)語態(tài),科技英語尤其如此。漢語雖然也有“被”、“由”之類的詞表示動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)的,但這種表達(dá)遠(yuǎn)沒有英語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)那么常見,因此,英語中的被動(dòng)在漢譯中往往成了主動(dòng)。

      六、英語多變化,漢語多重復(fù)熟悉英語的人都知道,英語表達(dá)相同的意思時(shí)往往變換表達(dá)方式。第一次說“我認(rèn)為”可以用“I think”,第二次再用“Ithink”顯然就很乏味,應(yīng)該換成“I believe”或“Iimagine”之類的表達(dá)。相比之下,漢語對(duì)變換表達(dá)方式的要求沒有英語那么高,很多英語中的變化表達(dá)譯成重復(fù)表達(dá)就行了。

      七、英語多抽象,漢語多具體做翻譯實(shí)踐較多的人都有這樣的體會(huì):英文句子難譯主要難在結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜和表達(dá)抽象上。通過分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu),把長(zhǎng)句變短句、從句變分句,結(jié)構(gòu)上的難題往往迎刃而解。表達(dá)抽象則要求譯者吃透原文的意思、用具體的中文進(jìn)行表達(dá)。

      八、英語多引申,漢語多推理英語有兩句俗話:一是You know a word by the

      company itkeeps.(要知義如何,關(guān)鍵看詞伙),二是Words do not have meaning, but people havemeaning forthem.(詞本無義,義隨人生)。這說明詞典對(duì)詞的定義和解釋是死的,而實(shí)際運(yùn)用中的語言是活的。從原文角度來說,這種活用是詞義和用法的引申,翻譯的時(shí)候要準(zhǔn)確理解這種引申,譯者就需要進(jìn)行推理。做翻譯的人經(jīng)常會(huì)有這樣一種感受:某個(gè)詞明明認(rèn)識(shí),可就是不知道該怎樣表達(dá)。這其實(shí)就是詞的引申和推理在起作用。

      九、英語多省略,漢語多補(bǔ)充英語一方面十分注重句子結(jié)構(gòu),另一方面又喜歡使用省略。英語省略的類型很多,有名詞的省略,動(dòng)詞的省略,有句法方面的省略,也有情景方面的省略。在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中,英語往往省略前面已出現(xiàn)過的詞語,而漢語則往往重復(fù)這些省略了的詞。

      十、英語多前重心,漢語多后重心在表達(dá)多邏輯思維時(shí),英語往往是判斷或結(jié)論等在前,事實(shí)或描寫等在后,即重心在前;漢語則是由因到果、由假設(shè)到推論、由事實(shí)到結(jié)論,即重心在后。這一論斷幾乎是無可置辯的了。

      第四篇:英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)

      英語句型大全手冊(cè)-詳盡版 1.疑問句型 what is this? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what+be 動(dòng)詞+this(that?)?

      答句:this(that?)+be 動(dòng)詞+a book(pen?)。

      說明︰此句型意為“這(那)是什么?這(那)是書(鋼筆?)”。what(什么)叫做“疑問詞”,用于詢問“事物”,通常放在句首,后接 be <動(dòng)詞>,再接<主詞>,第一個(gè)字母 w要大寫,句尾要加問號(hào)(?),位置不可排錯(cuò)。

      what is this? this is a chair.這是什么?這是一張椅子。what’s this? it’s a book.這是什么?它是一本書。

      what is that? that is a desk.那是什么?那是一張書桌。what are these? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what are+these/those??

      答句:these/those are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(+s/es)。

      說明︰<主詞>與<動(dòng)詞>的形式要一致,is 后面接單數(shù)<名詞>,are 后面要接復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>。what are these? these are books.這些是什么?這些是書。what are those? those are cups.那些是什么?那些是茶杯。what are they? they are glasses.它們是什么?它們是玻璃杯。what are you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what+be 動(dòng)詞+主詞(人)??

      答句:主詞+be 動(dòng)詞+a student?。

      說明︰此句型意為“你是做什么事情的?我是學(xué)生?”。疑問詞 what 除了詢問事物之外,還可用于詢問“人的職業(yè)或身分”。be <動(dòng)詞>隨<人稱代名詞>的變化而改變形態(tài),如:i am,we are,you are,he is?。what are you? i am a student.你是做什么事情的?我是一名學(xué)生。

      what is she? she is a teacher.她是做什么事情的?她是一名教師。are you a...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:be 動(dòng)詞(am,are,is)+主詞+??

      肯定簡(jiǎn)答:yes,主詞+am(are,is)。

      否定簡(jiǎn)答:no,主詞+am(are,is)not。

      說明︰在否定<簡(jiǎn)答句>中,<主詞>和 am,is,are 可以縮寫;在肯定<簡(jiǎn)答句>中則不可。is he a student? yes, he is.(no, he isn’t.)他是學(xué)生嗎?是的,他是。(不,他不是。)are you a teacher? yes, i am.(no, i’m not.)你是教師嗎?是的,我是。(不,我不是。)is that a clock? yes, it is.(no, it isn’t.)那是鐘表嗎?是的,它是。(不,它不是。)what is your name? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what+is+所有格+name? 答句:所有格+name+is+名字。

      說明︰“my,your,his,her”為單數(shù)人稱的<所有格>;<所有格>后面必接<名詞>,即“<所有格>+<名詞>”;<所有格>不可與 a,an,this,that,these 或 those 緊接一起使用。

      what is your name? my name is sue.妳叫什么名字?我的名字叫蘇。what is his name? his name is john.他叫什么名字?他的名字叫約翰。what is her name? her name is jean.她叫什么名字?她的名字叫珍。who is that...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:who+be 動(dòng)詞+that+形容詞+名詞?

      答句:that is+名字。

      說明︰who 是<疑問代名詞>,詢問人的“姓名”或“關(guān)系”;將<形容詞>直接放在<名詞>前面,叫做“前位修飾”。who is that short boy? that is bill.那位矮男孩是誰?那位是比爾。

      who is that tall girl? that is mary.那位高女孩是誰?那位是瑪麗。who is that fat man? he is my uncle.那位胖男子是誰?那位是我叔叔。where is...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:where+be 動(dòng)詞(am,are,is)+主詞??

      答句:主詞+be 動(dòng)詞+in the+名詞?。

      說明︰問句是“where...?”,簡(jiǎn)答時(shí)可用<副詞詞組>“in/on the+<名詞>”。where is sue? she is in her room.蘇在那里?她在她的房間里。where are your books? on the desk.你的書在那里?在書桌上。

      where is your mother? she is in the kitchen.你媽嗎在哪里?她在廚房里。are you v-ing...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰am(are,is)+主詞+現(xiàn)在分詞??

      說明︰此句型意為“<主詞>(人,物)正在?嗎?”。這一<句型>轉(zhuǎn)換的三要素是:be <動(dòng)詞>移到句首;改為大寫;句尾用問號(hào)。is mary sleeping?瑪麗正在睡覺嗎? are you reading a book?你正在看書嗎? is the dog playing?小狗正在玩耍嗎? what are you doing? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what+am(are,is)+主詞+現(xiàn)在分詞?

      答句:主詞+am(are,is)+現(xiàn)在分詞?。

      說明︰“<主詞>(人)正在做什么?<主詞>(人)正在?”。注意:<祈使句>的動(dòng)詞只能用原形,不可造<現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式>;表示“瞬間產(chǎn)生”的動(dòng)作的<動(dòng)詞詞組>,如 sit down,stand up,不可造<現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行式>。what am i doing? you are reading a book.我正在做什么? 你正在閱讀一本書。

      what are the girls doing? they are singing.姑娘們正在做什么? 她們?cè)诔?。what is bill writing? he is writing a letter.比爾在寫什么? 他在寫一封信。how old are you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:how old+be 動(dòng)詞+主詞(某人)?

      答句:主詞(某人)+be 動(dòng)詞+year(s)old。

      說明︰此句型意為“某人幾歲?某人是?歲”。該句型中,<疑問詞>要用 how,不可用 what;且 be <動(dòng)詞>(am,is,are)要和后面的<主詞>(某人)配合;答句中的“year(s)old”可以省略。

      how old are you? i am twelve(years old).你幾歲?我十二歲。

      how old is your sister? she is thirteen years old.你的姊妹幾歲?她十三歲。how old is john? he is one year old.約翰幾歲?他一歲。what time is it? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what time is it?

      答句:it is+數(shù)字+o’clock。

      說明︰此句型意為“現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘?現(xiàn)在是?點(diǎn)鐘”。問句中 what 當(dāng)<形容詞>,修飾后面的<名詞> time;time 當(dāng)時(shí)間解時(shí),只能用單數(shù),不可用復(fù)數(shù)。what time is it? it is ten o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘?現(xiàn)在是十點(diǎn)鐘。what time is it? it is six o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘?現(xiàn)在是六點(diǎn)鐘。what time is it? it is nine o’clock.現(xiàn)在是幾點(diǎn)鐘?現(xiàn)在是九點(diǎn)鐘。do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:do/does+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞??

      肯定簡(jiǎn)答:yes,主詞+do/does。

      否定簡(jiǎn)答:no,主詞+don’t/doesn’t。

      說明︰肯定句中,如有一般<動(dòng)詞>(speak,work,teach?),則在句首加<助動(dòng)詞> do 或 does,并將一般<動(dòng)詞>改為原形<動(dòng)詞>(不加s或es),即構(gòu)成<疑問句>。

      do you speak english? yes, i do.(no, i don’t.)你講英語嗎?是的,我講英語。(不,我不講英語。)

      does she have a cat? yes, she does.(no, she doesn’t.)她有一只貓嗎?是的,她有一只貓。(不,她沒有一只貓。)do they work in office? yes, they do.(no, they don’t.)他們?cè)谵k公室里工作嗎?是的,他們?cè)谵k公室里工作。(不,他們不在辦公室里工作。)what time do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what time+do/does+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞??

      答句:主詞(某人)+一般動(dòng)詞?+時(shí)間。

      說明︰此句型意為“某人幾點(diǎn)做某事?”<助動(dòng)詞> do 或 does 的選擇依<主詞>而定,若<主詞>為第三人稱單數(shù),用 does;其它用 do。

      what time do you get up? i usually get up at six.你幾點(diǎn)起床?我通常六點(diǎn)起床。what time does he go to bed? he usually goes to bed at ten.他幾點(diǎn)就寢?他通常十點(diǎn)就寢。what time does your class begin? it begins at eight-ten.你的課幾點(diǎn)開始?八點(diǎn)十分開始。what day is today? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:what day is today?

      答句:it’s+sunday/monday/?。

      說明︰此句型意為“今天是星期幾?今天是星期日/星期一/??!眎t 可用于指“星期的名稱”,但 this或 that 不可以;一星期七天的名稱,都是<專有名詞>,開頭的首字母要大寫,前面不加<冠詞>。

      what day is today? it’s sunday.今天是星期幾?今天是星期日。what day is today? it’s wednesday.今天是星期幾?今天是星期三。what day is today? it’s saturday.今天是星期幾?今天是星期六。how many n are there...結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:how many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+are there in/on+名詞?

      答句:there is/are+單數(shù)(復(fù)數(shù))名詞+in/on+名詞。

      說明︰此句型意為“在某處有多少??在某處有??!痹摼湫椭?,many 修飾復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>;又因本句型是 <疑問句>,故用 are there,不可用 there are。how many seasons are there in a year? there are four seasons in a year.一年有幾個(gè)季節(jié)? 一年有四季。

      how many days are there in a week? there are seven days in a week.一星期有幾天? 一星期有七天。

      how many lessons are there in this book? there are twelve lessons in this book.這本書里有幾課? 這本書里有十二課。how many...do you have? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:how many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+do/does+主詞+have?

      答句:主詞+have/has?+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+?。

      答句:主詞+don’t/doesn’t have?+復(fù)數(shù)名詞?。

      說明︰“how many”后面接復(fù)數(shù)<可數(shù)名詞>,復(fù)數(shù)<名詞>的前面可用 many,a lot of,a few,some,few,any,no 等修飾。

      how many books do you have? i have a lot of books.(i don’t have any books.)你有幾本書? 我有許多書。(我沒有書。)how many sweaters do you have? i have three sweaters.(i don’t have any sweaters.)你有幾件毛衣? 我有三件毛衣。(我沒有毛衣。)

      how many friends does she have? she has a lot of friends.(she doesn’t have many friends.)她有幾個(gè)朋友? 她有許多朋友。(她沒有許多朋友。)how much...do you have? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:how much+單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞+do/does+主詞+have?

      答句:主詞+have/has?+單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。

      答句:主詞+don’t/doesn’t have?+單數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞。

      說明︰“how much”后面接單數(shù)<不可數(shù)名詞>,單數(shù)<不可數(shù)名詞>前面可用 much,a little,some,little,any,no 等修飾。

      how much tea does he have? he has a lot of tea.(he doesn’t have any tea.)他有多少茶? 他有很多茶。(他沒有茶。)

      how much homework do they have? they have a lot of homework.(they don’t have much homework.)他們有多少家庭作業(yè)? 他們有許多家庭作業(yè)。(他們沒有許多家庭作業(yè)。)how much fruit do they have? they have a lot of fruit.(they don’t have a lot of fruit.)他們有多少水果? 他們有許多水果。(他們沒有許多水果。)how much do(es)...cost? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰how much do(es)+某物+cost??

      說明︰此句型意為“某物值多少錢?”。how much 用來詢問商品的價(jià)格。還可以寫作:“how much+ be <動(dòng)詞>+某物?。

      how much do the movie tickets cost? 這些電影票值多少錢? did...v...結(jié)構(gòu)︰did+主詞+原形動(dòng)詞+?過去時(shí)間?

      說明︰將肯定句中的過去式改為“did+原形<動(dòng)詞>”,并將 did 放在句首,句尾用問號(hào),即構(gòu)成過去式的<疑問句>。

      did he clean the room yesterday? 他昨天打掃房間嗎? did she wash the skirt yesterday? 她昨天洗這裙子嗎?

      did your brother play in the park this morning? 你弟弟今天上午在公園玩耍嗎? did he eat lunch yesterday? 他昨天吃午飯嗎?

      did you see any elephants in the zoo last week? 上星期你在動(dòng)物園里看到大象了嗎? did sue have her breakfast at eight? 蘇在八點(diǎn)鐘吃過早餐了嗎? do you ever + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:do/does+主詞+ever+原形動(dòng)詞??

      答句:no,主詞+never+一般動(dòng)詞(加s或es)?。

      說明︰ever 通常用于<疑問句>,never 通常用于否定回答;never 也可放在句首,后接原形 <動(dòng)詞>,形成否定<祈使句>,如例句4。

      你曾經(jīng)使用計(jì)算機(jī)嗎?不,我未曾使用過計(jì)算機(jī)。

      does tom ever get up late? no, tom never gets up late.湯姆曾經(jīng)晚起床嗎?不,湯姆未曾晚起床過。

      does sally ever play the piano? no, sally never plays the piano.薩莉曾經(jīng)彈鋼琴嗎?不,薩莉未曾彈過鋼琴。

      never be late for school, bill.比爾,上學(xué)絕不可遲到。what year was he born in? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰what date/year+was/were+主詞+born+on/in?

      說明︰此句型意為“你出生于幾月幾日(那一年)?”。born 是<原形動(dòng)詞> bear 的過去<分詞>,在文法上當(dāng)

      <形容詞>,前面常有 was 或 were;中文說“某人出生”,英語應(yīng)說:“某人+was/were born?”。what year were you born in? 你出生于那一年? what date was your mother born on? 你母親出生于幾月幾日? what month was your sister born in? 你妹妹出生于幾月? what will you do on...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰what will/did+主詞+do+on+時(shí)間?

      說明︰此句型意為“某人在某時(shí)間將做什么?(未來式)某人在某時(shí)做了什么事?(過去式)”。指特定的日期(如幾月幾日)、星期幾或星期幾的早上(下午,晚上),要用介系詞on。

      what will you do on teacher’s day? 你在教師節(jié)將做什么事? what will they do on christmas eve? 他們?cè)谑フQ夜將做什么事? what will helen do on her birthday? 海倫在她生日那天將做什么事? what did john do on new year’s day? 約翰在元旦做了什么事? what did mary do on youth day? 瑪麗在青年節(jié)做了什么事?

      what did the suspect do on july ninth? 嫌疑犯在七月九日做了什么事情? how do you + v...? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰問句:how+do+主詞+一般動(dòng)詞?? 答句:主詞+一般動(dòng)詞?+情狀副詞。

      說明︰how 是問情況的<疑問副詞>,表示“怎樣??”。用于說明“狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)”的副詞,稱為 <情狀副詞>。當(dāng)用來修飾<不及物動(dòng)詞>時(shí),<情狀副詞>位于其后;當(dāng)用來修飾<及物動(dòng)詞>時(shí),<情狀動(dòng)詞>位于<及物動(dòng)詞>的前面或后面。

      how did you do your work? i did my work happily.你怎樣做你的工作? 我很快樂地做了我的工作。

      how did mrs.lin look at mr.lin? she looked at mr.lin coldly.林太太怎樣注視林先生? 她冷漠地注視林先生。

      how does mr.wang drive his taxi? he drives his taxi carefully.王先生怎樣駕駛他的出租車? 他小心地駕駛他的出租車。you are..., aren’t you? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰肯定句,+否定式助動(dòng)詞+主詞?

      說明︰這是一種反意<疑問句>,其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是:第一部分是肯定式,第二部分就用否定式。直述句的<主詞>是<名詞>時(shí),附加問句的<主詞>要用<代名詞>代替:it 代替 this,that,<不定詞>(當(dāng)<主詞>)或<動(dòng)名詞>(當(dāng)<主詞>)等;they 代替 these,those,people 等。下列<助動(dòng)詞>的否定縮寫式較易弄錯(cuò):will not->won’t;would not-> wouldn’t;should not->shouldn’t;can not->can’t;could not->couldn’t; might not->mightn’t;ought not->oughtn’t。直述句有一般<動(dòng)詞>現(xiàn)在式,則附加問句用 do 或 does 代替;有一般<動(dòng)詞>過去式,則附加問句用 did 代替。they’re ready, aren’t they?(讀降調(diào))他們準(zhǔn)備好了吧?(讀升調(diào))他們準(zhǔn)備好了,不是嗎? mike has a car, doesn’t he?(讀降調(diào))麥克有輛車,是吧?(讀升調(diào))麥克有輛車,不是嗎? the secretary typed the letter, didn’t she?是秘書打了這封信,不是嗎?

      they will go to europe, won’t they?他們將去歐洲,不是嗎? you are the teacher, aren’t you?你就是老師,不是嗎?

      i suppose you have been in our woods, haven’t you?我推想你在我們的森林里呆過,不是嗎? i know he had a good time last night, didn’t he? 我知道他昨天晚上玩得很愉快,不是嗎? the wall plug is broken, isn’t it?墻上的插座壞了,不是嗎? clean parks are beautiful, aren’t they? 干凈的公園是美麗的,不是嗎? you can do it, can’t you? 你會(huì)做它,不是嗎?

      we should rise early, shouldn’t we?我們應(yīng)該早起,不是嗎? he isn’t..., is he? 結(jié)構(gòu)︰否定句,+肯定式助動(dòng)詞+主詞?

      說明︰這是另一種反意<疑問句>。否定結(jié)構(gòu)在第一部分,第二部分就要用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。對(duì)反意<疑問句>的回答篇二:英語常用基本句式和句型結(jié)構(gòu)

      英語常用基本句式和句型結(jié)構(gòu)

      【要點(diǎn)歸納】

      ▲英語句式絕大多數(shù)以s+v(主語+謂語)結(jié)構(gòu)為核心架構(gòu)。英語是sv型語言。即以s+v(主語+謂語)結(jié)構(gòu)為主干,以謂語動(dòng)詞為核心。

      ▲一般來說,一個(gè)英語句子若沒有謂語動(dòng)詞(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞),這個(gè)句子一定是錯(cuò)誤的。

      ▲英語句子的謂語只能由動(dòng)詞來充當(dāng),動(dòng)詞在英語句子中如果不充當(dāng)謂語就必須用非謂語形式(動(dòng)名詞、不定式或分詞)。但漢語句子的謂語既可以是動(dòng)詞,也可以是形容詞、名詞等。

      如:the prices are stable and the market is flourishing.to study english is not easy.study english not easy.(×)▲漢語句法的顯著特點(diǎn)是“動(dòng)詞連用”,動(dòng)詞不需要形態(tài)變化,便可以按時(shí)間和動(dòng)作發(fā)生先后順序和情節(jié)發(fā)展連續(xù)使用幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞。一個(gè)英語句子,除并列謂語的情形外,只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)謂語,否則須用其他手段處理:

      ★ 變?yōu)榉侵^語形式

      ★ 連詞連接 ﹛并列連詞(并列謂語;并列句)

      ★ 從屬連詞→引出從句

      ★ 用名詞或介詞來表示

      ▲漢語“動(dòng)詞連用”有兩類,一類是由一個(gè)主語發(fā)出的連續(xù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)作,叫連動(dòng)式;一類是由謂語的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作,前一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的賓語是后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語,即兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不是由一個(gè)主語發(fā)出的,稱作兼語式。請(qǐng)看:

      一)連動(dòng)式 英語中沒有漢語這種連動(dòng)式,表達(dá)先后關(guān)系的幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞,可用and連接或用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。如:

      我打開門走進(jìn)來。

      i opened the door and came in.(opening the door, i came in.)二)兼語式

      如:“他請(qǐng)我到他家來做客。”“我”是“請(qǐng)”的賓語,又是“到他家來做客”的主語。也就是說“我” 身兼兩職。英語句式表達(dá)漢語兼語式有以下幾種方式:

      1)將兼語式的第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為英語的賓語補(bǔ)足語,常用不定式,有時(shí)用不帶to的不定式,或分詞,副詞,形容詞,名詞,介詞結(jié)構(gòu)等。對(duì)于第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,漢語中常用的動(dòng)詞有“使”、“叫”、“請(qǐng)求”、“讓”、“迫使”、“導(dǎo)致”、“要求”、“命令”、“促進(jìn)”、“鼓勵(lì)”等,在英語中均有對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞(make, ask, beg, have, force, cause, demand, order, help, encourage等)。如:

      he invited me to dinner in his house.▲在sv總句式基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞的類型不同,可總結(jié)出下五大句型:[s1] ⑴ 主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語she seems kind.a.the soup is delicious.(形容詞作表語)b.helen became an electrical engineer.(名詞作表語)c.he is in good health.(介詞短語作表語)d.the story is interesting.(現(xiàn)在分詞作表語)⑵ 主語+不及物動(dòng)詞 he changed a lot.a.the moon shines brightly.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))b.the car won’t go.(一般將來時(shí))c.the child behaved badly at the party.(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+程度狀語+地點(diǎn)狀語)d.production declined 6% last month.(一般過去式)e.they will fly to london.(主語+不及物動(dòng)詞+地點(diǎn)狀語)⑶ 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語 we love our country.a.we visited our friends.(名詞作賓語)b.i am considering going abroad.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語)c.he can not afford to take a taxi.(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語)d.he caught her by the arm.(動(dòng)詞+賓語+介詞短語作方式狀語)⑷ 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(人)+直接賓語(物)

      或 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+直接賓語(物)+to +間接賓語(人)+for+間接賓語(人)

      he gave me a present.(he gave a present to me.)a.he often tells the children interesting stories.b.he assigned jack the toughest job.c.i paid the repairman 50 dollars.d.he sent some flowers to his girlfriend.e.my mother made a new dress for my sister.f.ill tell you what ive been thinking.(賓語從句)g.i assure you that this medicine will help you.(賓語從句)h.youve got to promise me that you wont do that again.(主及賓結(jié)構(gòu)+不定連接+主及賓賓)⑸ [/url]主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 i found the book interesting.[s2] a.his writing has made him a well-known public figure.(名詞作賓補(bǔ))b.they found the book easy.(形容詞作賓補(bǔ))c.i can see two ships in the harbor.(介詞短語作賓補(bǔ))d.he kept me waiting too long.(現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ))e.i have my hair cut every month.(過去分詞作賓補(bǔ))f.they wanted him to study abroad.(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ))g.will you tell me how to do it? h.we advised her which course to take.[s1] 五種基本句型歌 英語句子萬萬千,五大句型把線牽。句型種類為動(dòng)詞,后接什么是關(guān)鍵; 系詞后面接表語; vi獨(dú)身無牽連; vt又可分三類,單賓雙賓最常見,還有賓語補(bǔ)足語; [s2] 1.jim finds his job a challenge.[賓補(bǔ)為n.] 2.i found the movie interesting.[賓補(bǔ)為adj.] 3.why did you leave the light on?[賓補(bǔ)為adv.] 4.we found her in tears.[賓補(bǔ)為介詞短語]

      5.they encouraged her to try again.[賓補(bǔ)為不定式] 6.my mother told me not to worry.[賓補(bǔ)為不定式]

      7.we heard someone knocking on the door.[賓補(bǔ)為v-ing] 8.do you smell something burning?[賓補(bǔ)為v-ing]

      10.you should make yourself understood.[賓補(bǔ)為v-ed]篇三:英語句型大全 1.s(主)+ vi(不及物動(dòng)詞)(謂)time flies.1)s + v + adverbial(狀語)birds sing beautifully.2)s + vi+ prep phrase(介詞短語)he went on holiday.3)s + vi+ infinitive(不定式)we stopped to have a rest.4)s + vi+ participle(分詞)ill go swimming.2.s(主)+ vt(及物動(dòng)詞)(謂)+ o(賓)we like english.1)s + vt + n/pron i like music.i like her.i want to help him.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。3)s + vt + wh-word + infinitive i dont know what to do.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

      4)s + vt + gerund i enjoy living here.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, cant help等。5)s + vt + that-clause i dont think(that)he is right.3.s(主)+ v(謂)(lv)(系動(dòng)詞)+ p(表)we are chinese.1)s + lv + n/pron(名詞/代詞)he is a boy.this is mine.2)s + lv + adj(形容詞)she is beautiful.3)s + lv + adv(副詞)class is over.4)s + lv + prep phrase he is in good health.5)s + lv + participle(分詞)he is excited.the film is interesting.4.s(主)+ vt(謂)+ in o(間接 賓)i give you help.1)s + vt + n/pron + n(直接 賓)+ d o i sent him a book.i bought may a book.2)s + vt + n/pron + to/for-phrase he sent a book to me.he bought a coat for me.間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動(dòng)詞有:allow, bring, deny, do(帶來),give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

      間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動(dòng)詞有:bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏),save, sing, spare等。5.s(主)+ vt(謂)+ o(賓)+ o c(賓補(bǔ))i make you clear.1)s + vt + n/pron + n we named our baby tom.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

      2)s + vt + n/pron + adj he painted the wall white.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。3)s + vt + n/pron + prep phrase she always keeps everything in good order.4)s + vt + n/pron + infinitive i wish you to stay.i made him work 5)s + vt + n/pron + participle(分詞)i heard my name called.i feel something moving.常用于這句型的動(dòng)詞有:catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

      第五篇:英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析

      英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析

      來源:中文翻譯英文 作者:翻譯器 時(shí)間:2012-07-06

      (http://)

      英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析

      The English sentence structure analysis 英語句子分為簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句。所謂的簡(jiǎn)單句,就是一個(gè)句子中只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。復(fù)合句又分成并列句和復(fù)雜句,下面我們分別對(duì)這三種情況加以簡(jiǎn)要的分析。

      The English sentence is divided into simple sentences and complex sentences.The so-called simple sentence, is a sentence containing only a subject-predicate sentence structure.Complex sentences into compound sentences and complex sentences, we have the following the three cases tries brief analysis.1、簡(jiǎn)單句

      In 1, the simple sentence 簡(jiǎn)單句,即只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。除了特殊情況,英語句子中都有主語、謂語(或表語),有時(shí)候還有賓語;而且除了倒裝句等特殊句型,一般情況下,主語、謂語、賓語的先后順序是固定的,不可能賓語跑到謂語前面,或者謂語跑到主語前面。目前很多語法書都把英語的簡(jiǎn)單句歸納為五種基本句型。實(shí)際上,英語簡(jiǎn)單句還可以簡(jiǎn)化為三種形式:

      A simple sentence, i.e.only a subject-predicate sentence structure.Except in special cases, the English sentence has a subject, the predicate(or a), sometimes the object;in addition to a special sentence pattern, under normal circumstances, subject, predicate, object order is fixed, can not be the object to the predicate or predicate to the front, ahead of subject.At present a lot of grammar books are English simple sentence is classified into five basic sentence patterns.In fact, English simple sentences can be simplified into three forms: 主語 + 謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+ 賓語;I hate grammar.Subject + verb(transitive verb + object);I hate grammar.主語 + 謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞);Grammar sucks.Subject + verb(transitive verb);Grammar sucks.主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語 Grammar is hell.Subject + Verb + / Grammar is hell.所以,我們?cè)陂喿x句子的時(shí)候,不管句子有多長(zhǎng),不管是并列句還是復(fù)合句,都必須首先分清各句中的主語、謂語(或表語),有的句子中還包括賓語。因?yàn)橹髡Z、謂語、賓語中英語句子的主干,抓住了句子的主干,句子的基本意思就清楚了。

      Therefore, we read the sentence, no matter how long sentence, whether a compound or a complex sentence, must first distinguish the subject of a sentence, the predicate(or a), some sentences are also included in the object.Because the subject, object, predicate in English sentence trunk, captures the sentence trunk, basic sentence meaning clear.2、并列句

      In 2, the compound sentence 并列句就是兩個(gè)或以上的簡(jiǎn)單句,由表示并列關(guān)系的連詞或標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)連接而成。常見的連詞:and, not only...but also, neither...nor...or, either...or...otherwise,but, yet, while, so, for等。閱讀中遇到并列關(guān)系的句子,一般情況下是以連詞為界限,將句子分成前、后幾個(gè)部分,并分別來分析,各句的意思一般可以單獨(dú)理解,最后將各句合并即可。

      The compound sentence is two or more simple sentences, indicated by a parallel relation conjunction or punctuation and connected.Common conjunctions: and, not only...But also, neither...Nor...Or, either...Or...Otherwise, but, yet, while, so, for etc..Reading encountered in juxtaposed relation sentence, under normal circumstances is to conjunctions as boundaries, the sentence into several portions, respectively, and to analyze the sentence meaning, generally can be individually understood, finally merging each sentence can be.I hate grammar, / while he loves it.(以while為界,可分為前后兩個(gè)小句子)I hate / while he loves grammar, it.(with while as the boundary, can be divided into two.)

      3、主從復(fù)合句

      In 3, the complex sentence 主從復(fù)合句即是復(fù)雜句,它也是由兩個(gè)以上的句子構(gòu)成。與并列不同的是,各分句之間的意思是緊密相連的,所以我們不能簡(jiǎn)單地把各個(gè)句子拆開來看,而必須將各分句綜合起來進(jìn)行理解。有時(shí)候,分句里面有可能還包含分句。

      The complex sentence is a complex sentence, it is composed of more than two sentences.And the difference is, the clauses mean are closely linked, so we can't simply take each sentence apart, and must be integrated to understand the clauses.Sometimes, there may also contain clauses clauses.說到從句,我們還要介紹一下英語中的三大從句:名詞性從句,形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。三大從句之下又包括紛繁復(fù)雜的從句形式:

      When it comes to clauses, we also introduce the three clauses in English: noun clauses, adjective clauses and adverbial clauses.The three clause is included complex clause form: 名詞性從句:主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句

      The noun clause: the subject clause, the object clause, predicative clause, apposition clause 形容詞性從句(定語從句):限制性,非限制性

      Adjective clause(attributive clause): restriction, unrestricted 副詞性從句(狀語從句):時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,條件,目的,讓步,方式,結(jié)果

      Adverb clauses(clause): time, place, reason, condition, concession, purpose, means, result 看到這里,可能有些同學(xué)又會(huì)產(chǎn)生抵觸情緒了,其實(shí)這些細(xì)致的劃分我們可以跳過,對(duì)于具體句子中的從句如何解決其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單,你只需知道從句做什么成分就可以了,從句做什么成分,就是個(gè)什么功能的從句。See here, some students may also be conflicted emotions, in fact, the detailed classification we can skip, for in a specific sentence that how to solve it is actually very simple, you just need to know that what ingredients can be, clause do component, is what the function of clause.The sad thing is that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone.(表語)The sad thing is that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone.(predicative)What the ugly man chooses is living alone.(主語)What the ugly man chooses is living alone.(subject)We all know that the ugly man chooses living alone.(賓語)We all know that the ugly man chooses living alone.(object)The thing that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone was known to everyone.(同位語)The thing that the ugly man with a lot of money chooses living alone was known to everyone.(appositive)The ugly man who has a lot of money chooses living alone.(定語)The ugly man who has a lot of money chooses living alone.(attribute)Although the ugly man has a lot of money, he chooses living alone.(狀語)Although the ugly man has a lot of money, he chooses living alone.(adverbial)在閱讀這樣的復(fù)雜句的時(shí)候,首先要找出主句或從句從哪兒開始,到哪兒結(jié)束,首先理解主句的意思,最后再把從句的內(nèi)容與主句綜合起來。

      In reading such a complex sentence, clause or clause must first find out where to start, where the first end, understand the main point, finally the clause content clause together.介紹完句子結(jié)構(gòu),就該說說復(fù)雜句子的解決方法了,那就是優(yōu)先提取主干法。這種方法顧名思義就是先把句子的主干提取,因?yàn)橹鞲墒蔷渥拥木杷冢缓笤倏雌渌a(bǔ)充或修飾的成分。

      The sentence structure, should say complex solution, it is preferred to extract main method.This method suggests that the first sentence trunk extraction, because the trunk is the essence of sentences, and then look at other added or modified components.One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was 【that [ what in previous years had been referred to as the “American”, “native”, or, occasionally, “New York” school(---the most representative school of American art in any genre---)主語從句](had by 1890)was firmly established in the minds of critics and public alike as the Hudson River school.表語從句】 One of the results of the conflict between the two factions was that what in previous [ [ years had been referred to as the“ American”,“ native”, or, occasionally,“ New York” school(---the most representative school of American art in any genre---)subject clause ](had by 1890)was firmly established in the minds of critics and public alike as the Hudson River school.predicative clause ] 首先找到句子主干成分:“One of the results was...”很明顯的主系表結(jié)構(gòu),that 引導(dǎo)的顯然是個(gè)表語從句,表語從句中又有一個(gè)由What引導(dǎo)的主語從句,主干結(jié)構(gòu)是“...was firmly established.” 最后再加上修飾成分,句子就很容易分析了,也可以輕而易舉的翻譯并理解了:兩個(gè)派別斗爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果之一是:直到1890年,這個(gè)曾經(jīng)被稱作“美國的”、“本土的”、或者偶爾被稱作是“紐約的”美國藝術(shù)題材中最有代表性的學(xué)派,以哈德遜河學(xué)派命名被穩(wěn)固的建立在批評(píng)家和公眾的思想之中了。

      First find the sentence:“ One of the results component of was...” obviously the main system table structure, that guide is clearly a predicative clause, predicative clause and one by What what, the backbone structure is“...Was firmly established.” final plus modifier, sentence is easy to analyze, can also be an easy job to translate and understand: two factions struggle is one: until 1890, it was once called“ the United States”,“ native”, or occasionally referred to as the “ New York” the United States of America art topics of the most representative of the school, to the Hudson River School naming was firmly established in the critics and the public thought.優(yōu)先提取主干是一個(gè)很有效地方法,如果我們具備了基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí),了解了句子的成分構(gòu)成,先提取主干,抓住句子精髓,再看從句和其他部分,理清各個(gè)部分之間的關(guān)系,任何復(fù)雜的句子也就迎刃而解了。

      Priority to extract main is a very effective method, if we have a basic sentence structure knowledge, understanding of the sentence elements, to extract the main sentence, essence, see clause and the other part, sort out the relationship between the various parts, any complex sentence can be smoothly done or easily solved.

      下載英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)(共5則)word格式文檔
      下載英語比較結(jié)構(gòu)(共5則).doc
      將本文檔下載到自己電腦,方便修改和收藏,請(qǐng)勿使用迅雷等下載。
      點(diǎn)此處下載文檔

      文檔為doc格式


      聲明:本文內(nèi)容由互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶自發(fā)貢獻(xiàn)自行上傳,本網(wǎng)站不擁有所有權(quán),未作人工編輯處理,也不承擔(dān)相關(guān)法律責(zé)任。如果您發(fā)現(xiàn)有涉嫌版權(quán)的內(nèi)容,歡迎發(fā)送郵件至:645879355@qq.com 進(jìn)行舉報(bào),并提供相關(guān)證據(jù),工作人員會(huì)在5個(gè)工作日內(nèi)聯(lián)系你,一經(jīng)查實(shí),本站將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。

      相關(guān)范文推薦

        be going to結(jié)構(gòu)英語課件

        英語公開課教學(xué)詳案 專業(yè)教師:邢凱霞 活動(dòng)時(shí)間:2010年12月14日(星期二) 活動(dòng)內(nèi)容:be going to 活動(dòng)重點(diǎn): 1、掌握be going to結(jié)構(gòu)的含義及其用法; 2、學(xué)習(xí)where 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問與。......

        英語書信的結(jié)構(gòu)

        英語書信的結(jié)構(gòu): 英文書信通常包括6個(gè)組成部分: 信頭(heading,包括寄信人地址和日期);信內(nèi)地址(inside address,指收信人地址);稱呼(salutation);正文(body);結(jié)束語(complimentary); 簽......

        英語作文常用結(jié)構(gòu)及常用句式

        英語作文常用句式 1.表示原因 1)There are three reasons for this. 2)The reasons for this are as follows. 3)The reason for this is obvious. 4)The reason for this is n......

        19種英語常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)

        19種英語常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)初學(xué)英語的人常常感到在掌握一些英語單詞和基本語法后,在英語說和寫方面還是很難表達(dá)自己,其中一個(gè)原因是沒有掌握一些英語句型,只有掌握了一些句型才能比......

        英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析網(wǎng)站

        英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析句子的劃分 i. 根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)劃分:①簡(jiǎn)單句:s+v(主+謂) s+link-v+p(主+謂+表) s+v+o(主+謂+賓) s+v+o+o(主+謂+間賓+直賓) s+v+o+c(主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ))②并列句 and, but......

        英語俱樂部簡(jiǎn)介 社團(tuán)組織結(jié)構(gòu)

        英語俱樂部簡(jiǎn)介 社團(tuán)組織結(jié)構(gòu) 簡(jiǎn)介 英語俱樂部是1995年成立的。以提高會(huì)員學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣為宗旨吸引了眾多的英語愛好者的加入。本俱樂部的會(huì)費(fèi)主要來源都是來自會(huì)員的會(huì)費(fèi)......

        高考英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)題精選范文大全

        高考英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)題精選 高三英語教研組2009/11/18 1. (1) _____ to the left , and you'll see the bus stop. (2) ____ to the left , you'll see the bus stop. (3) __......

        大學(xué)英語作文常用句式結(jié)構(gòu)

        大學(xué)英語作文 大學(xué)英語作文常用句式結(jié)構(gòu) 1.記敘文題型作文 寫作步驟 要求考生寫一篇記敘文,描述事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、人物及結(jié)果,最后對(duì)事件進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單分析,對(duì)這類題型,通......