第一篇：初中英語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練之——英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧

初中英語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練之——

英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧 概述

中考閱讀理解題選材，一般遵循三個(gè)原則：

1.文章不少于三篇，閱讀量在1，000單詞左右；

2.題材廣泛，包括科普、社會(huì)、文化、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等多方面內(nèi)容； 3.體裁多樣，包闊記敘文、說(shuō)明文、應(yīng)用文等。中考閱讀理解主要考查6種能力：

2．1 掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意的能力。

此類(lèi)考查主旨和大意的題大多數(shù)針對(duì)段落(或短文)的主題，主題思想，標(biāo)題或目的，其主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)Which is the best title of the passage? 2)Which of the following is this passage about? 3)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that______.4)The passage tells us that______.5)This passage mainly talks about_______.2．2.把握文章的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的能力。

此類(lèi)考查事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)的題目大多數(shù)是針對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)的，其主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)Which of the following is right? 2)Which of the following is not mentioned? 3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage? 4)Choose the right order of this passage.5)From this passage we know ________.3.根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)生詞的含義的能力。

此類(lèi)猜測(cè)詞義的題目要求考生根據(jù)上下文確定某一特定的詞或短語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確含義。其主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)The word “

” in the passage probably means ________.2)The underlined word “It” in the passage refers to _______.3)In this story the underlined word “

” means ________.4)Here “it” means________.4.對(duì)閱讀材料全篇的邏輯關(guān)系的理解，對(duì)文章各段，各句之間的邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。

此類(lèi)題目主要考查的是句語(yǔ)句之間，短語(yǔ)短之間的邏輯關(guān)系，其主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)Many visitors come to the write’s city to ________.2)Some shops can be built Dongfeng Square so that they may _____.3)Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because _____.4)Why did the writer get off the train two stops before Vienna station? 5.依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和考生應(yīng)有的常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理和判斷的能力。

此類(lèi)題目文章中沒(méi)有明確的答案，需要考生再理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行推理和判斷。其主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.2)We can infer from the text that _______.3)From the letters we’ve learned that it’s very ___ to know something about American social customs.4)From the story we can guess ______.5)What would be happy if ?? 6.推斷作者意圖和態(tài)度的能力。

此類(lèi)題目的主要提問(wèn)方式是：

1)How did the writer feel at Vienna station? 2)The writer writes this text to ______.3)The writer believes that ______.4)The writer suggests that ______.3 題目類(lèi)型

3．1 A類(lèi)題：可以直接從原文中找到答案的題目

A類(lèi)題是拿分題。丟分原因：

1）憑印象做題，準(zhǔn)確率低。

2）時(shí)間把握最容易出問(wèn)題：忘記內(nèi)容的時(shí)候往往會(huì)回到文章中去找答案，一篇文

章往往要讀好幾遍。

A類(lèi)題解題技巧：看清題目所問(wèn)的內(nèi)容之后，要在原文中劃出原句，并標(biāo)上題號(hào)。這樣做的目的：

1）做到萬(wàn)無(wú)一失，保證把該拿到的分?jǐn)?shù)拿到手。2）減少閱讀文章的次數(shù)，爭(zhēng)取寶貴的時(shí)間。

3．2 B 類(lèi)題：不能夠從原文中直接找到答案的題

需要經(jīng)過(guò)分析、判斷、推理之后才能解答的題。該類(lèi)題是失分題，往往是出題老師用來(lái)拉開(kāi)學(xué)生梯度和層次的題。

B類(lèi)題包括：文章主題和中心大意等，一般都是主旨題。B類(lèi)題解題技巧：

1、以原文為依據(jù)，不參雜個(gè)人意見(jiàn)，要客觀不要主觀。

要克服“我認(rèn)為?怎么樣”的觀點(diǎn)。

2、答案是比出來(lái)的。答案不選對(duì)的，只選最好的。

因?yàn)?，有時(shí)候四個(gè)答案都是對(duì)的。所以，當(dāng)看到第一答案是正確的時(shí)候，也要看后面的答案。遇到這種情況，往往有學(xué)生鉆牛角尖。老師給學(xué)生解釋的時(shí)候，也可以這樣說(shuō)：你的答案沒(méi)錯(cuò)，但是另一個(gè)答案更好，更全面。答案不選對(duì)的，只選最好的。

比答案的原則是：好的>不知道的；不知道的>不對(duì)的。

3、注意絕對(duì)化的詞。

如果答案選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)化的詞，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every 等等，除非文章當(dāng)中使用了該類(lèi)詞匯，否則，一般都要排除。

比如，原文中出現(xiàn)了這樣一個(gè)句子：Almost everyone likes the music.答題時(shí)，要你判斷如下這個(gè)句子正誤（True or False）：Everyone likes the music.<——該句子應(yīng)該是錯(cuò)誤的。

4、答案要避免以點(diǎn)帶面，以偏蓋全。

尤其是多個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有道理，難以挑選正確答案的時(shí)候，要注意選擇最符合題目要求的一個(gè)。

5、“傻瓜”原則。

文章中沒(méi)有提到的就當(dāng)時(shí)不知道，不要枉自猜測(cè)，自作聰明。一切以文章內(nèi)容為準(zhǔn)。閱讀理解解題步驟

1、第一步：先讀題

2、第二步：讀文章

3、第三步：解題

第二篇：初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧

如何應(yīng)對(duì)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題

閱讀理解題是中考英語(yǔ)的測(cè)試重點(diǎn)，也是中考英語(yǔ)試題中卷面分值最高的一種題型，在各地中考試卷中約占30％的比例。一般設(shè)三篇短文，試題采用“根據(jù)所給閱讀材料判斷正誤”或“選擇最佳答案回答問(wèn)題”兩種形式?？v觀近年來(lái)全國(guó)各地中考閱讀題，其體裁多樣，有記敘文、議論文、說(shuō)明文、應(yīng)用文（信函、請(qǐng)柬、通知、便條、表格、圖表、廣告、圖示和標(biāo)志等）；所選材料內(nèi)容廣泛，涉及文化、環(huán)境、科普、社會(huì)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、歷史等眾多領(lǐng)域。文章的體裁富于變化，可謂題材寬泛，形式多種多樣。其特點(diǎn)是：時(shí)氣息濃，可讀性強(qiáng)，理解難度較高。

閱讀理解題對(duì)學(xué)生提出了較高的能力要求，主要是考查學(xué)生通過(guò)閱讀獲取信息、分析信息和處理信息的能力，既要抓住文章的主旨，又要抓住細(xì)節(jié)；既要理解具體事實(shí)，又要理解抽象概念；既要理解文章字面意思，又要挖掘作者意圖，揣摩隱藏在字里行間的內(nèi)涵既要理解全篇的邏輯關(guān)系又要理解某些細(xì)節(jié)的意思，并且在讀

懂句子和文章的基礎(chǔ)上，將所讀文章進(jìn)行判斷、分析和推理。概括的說(shuō)就是這類(lèi)題注重考查閱讀技能，包括理

解短文大意、了解具體細(xì)節(jié)、通過(guò)上下文猜測(cè)詞義、歸納篇章大意，以及推斷或理解作者的態(tài)度和意圖等。考

生不僅要具有準(zhǔn)確獲得信息的能力，還要具有透過(guò)文章表層意思理解文章隱含意義的能力。這樣才能抓住中心

思想，作出正確的判斷。試題涉及掌握語(yǔ)篇主旨，事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)、深層含義、推理判斷、猜測(cè)詞義等多方面的閱讀

能力考查。設(shè)題通?？紤]以下四個(gè)方面。

1.直觀性問(wèn)題。直接引用原文中的語(yǔ)句或根據(jù)短文中原語(yǔ)句稍加改動(dòng)而編成。

2.常識(shí)性問(wèn)題。考查學(xué)生依據(jù)短文信息，并根據(jù)自己所具備的一般常識(shí)作出判斷的題型．

3.理解性問(wèn)題?？疾閷W(xué)生對(duì)文章的中心思想，某段的段落大意，某一事實(shí)的細(xì)節(jié)及作者意圖等的理解程

度。

4.推理性問(wèn)題。這類(lèi)題需在深刻理解短文后，再經(jīng)過(guò)推理判斷才能選出正確答案。

閱讀是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的心理過(guò)程，語(yǔ)言學(xué)家古德曼(Groodman)認(rèn)為，閱讀就是讀者通過(guò)其心理和語(yǔ)言活動(dòng)理

解來(lái)接受作者的思想和觀點(diǎn)。如果學(xué)生能讀懂一篇文章，則表明作者寫(xiě)作時(shí)的思維過(guò)程與該生在閱讀時(shí)的思維

活動(dòng)趨于吻合，這就是說(shuō)學(xué)生的閱讀理解必須實(shí)于原文，不可脫離文章憑空想象。

對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀技巧訓(xùn)練還應(yīng)該從文體角度來(lái)訓(xùn)練，因?yàn)橐黄恼碌脑O(shè)題是受其文體限制的。下面我們

分析幾個(gè)不同體裁文章的特點(diǎn)，供大家參考。

第三篇：初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解和完形填空解題技巧及練習(xí)

一． 初中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的解題技巧

閱讀理解也是中考英語(yǔ)題的必考題目之一，本題型旨在考查學(xué)生閱讀，理解的能力，幾年來(lái)，中考英語(yǔ)題中的閱讀理解材料新，題材豐富，考查學(xué)生綜合推斷能力，根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇猜單詞意思的能力的力度加大，也考查學(xué)生關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)的能力。所以學(xué)生往往要么沒(méi)能正確理解語(yǔ)篇中某些句子的意思，在細(xì)節(jié)題上丟分，要么就是對(duì)語(yǔ)篇的整體把握不夠，在綜合題或者推斷題方面丟分。那么到底怎么做好閱讀理解這一題型呢？我將從以下三個(gè)方面談?wù)撨@個(gè)問(wèn)題：

一、解題思路

（一）先讀問(wèn)題，弄清考查要點(diǎn)，以便能帶著問(wèn)題看文章，這樣會(huì)心中有數(shù)，有的放矢。在讀題的時(shí)候劃出題目的關(guān)鍵詞。

（二）快速瀏覽全文，掌握全貌，注意發(fā)現(xiàn)與問(wèn)題有關(guān)的信息，如果時(shí)間緊，至少要掃視一下起首段和尾段。再把標(biāo)題和文章內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來(lái)想一想，這樣全文大意便清楚了。此時(shí)，不要忙于答題。

（三）細(xì)讀原文，捕捉相關(guān)信息詞，掌握短文細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容。這是解題的關(guān)鍵，應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1． 抓住四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”，就是邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標(biāo)記，把What(事件)，When（時(shí)間），Where（地點(diǎn)），Why（原因），How（經(jīng)過(guò)）劃出來(lái)。抓住了四個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的問(wèn)題便可解決。

2．抓住連接詞及起關(guān)鍵作用的副詞、代詞、介詞、插入語(yǔ)等。因?yàn)檫@些詞具有因果，讓步，遞進(jìn)，轉(zhuǎn)折，指代，列舉及承上啟下等各種連接上下文的特殊功能。這對(duì)考生分清文章層次，辨明各種關(guān)系，了解人物心理，推斷作者意圖，進(jìn)行邏輯推理等手段來(lái)分析難點(diǎn)，都具有舉足輕重的作用。3． 注意領(lǐng)會(huì)文章的寓意。

4．根據(jù)題意，初選答案。這一步須仔細(xì)審題，領(lǐng)會(huì)測(cè)試要求，確定解題方法。對(duì)那些明顯的，有把握的題可以斷然確定，不必把其余三個(gè)答案再作推敲而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間：有些略難的題，應(yīng)再查閱短文（不是重讀一遍），迅速找出依據(jù)，予以排除。常用的解題方法有如下幾種：

① 直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。

② 歸納解題法。對(duì)于不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線(xiàn)索的前題下進(jìn)行概括、歸納得出正確答案。

③ 綜合推理法。讀者需統(tǒng)觀全文，認(rèn)真分析，綜合推理及至計(jì)算，最后歸納出正確答案。

題干中有“suggest，conclude, conclusion, probably，reason, because, according to“等字眼時(shí)，屬于推斷概括型，考查內(nèi)容著眼于全篇，考生應(yīng)具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。

④ 捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)該注意與問(wèn)題相關(guān)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來(lái)得出正確答案。

⑤ 同意轉(zhuǎn)換法。即原文這么說(shuō)，而在問(wèn)題和所選項(xiàng)中則用另外的詞去轉(zhuǎn)換一種說(shuō)法，但仍表示同一含義。

⑥ 排除法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)言，句法結(jié)構(gòu)，信息詞和常識(shí)，在沒(méi)有把握的選項(xiàng)中用排除法得出正確答案。

四、重讀原文，仔細(xì)斟酌核對(duì)答案。在解完最后一道題后，如果時(shí)間允許，再將原文讀一遍；用全文的主題思想統(tǒng)率各思考題，研究其內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和邏輯關(guān)系，目的在于對(duì)所做答案進(jìn)一步審查，推出未解答的題，以便減少失誤。

二．閱讀理解題型及解題技巧

從近幾年的中考閱讀理解情況看，短文體裁多樣，題材各異，文章涉及科學(xué)知識(shí)、社會(huì)文化、政治歷史、人文環(huán)境和日常生活等方面，充分體現(xiàn)其時(shí)代性、實(shí)用性。短文難度逐年加大。常見(jiàn)題型有主旨題、細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、猜測(cè)詞義題和正誤判斷題。

做閱讀理解練習(xí)應(yīng)先看問(wèn)題，弄清考點(diǎn)。在閱讀短文之前，快速瀏覽問(wèn)題，以便在閱讀短文時(shí)做到心中有數(shù)，快速、準(zhǔn)確地捕捉所要信息。先易后難。做題時(shí)不必拘泥于書(shū)中所呈現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)篇順序，應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則。如可先做細(xì)節(jié)題再做推斷題，因?yàn)榧?xì)節(jié)題大多能直接從文中找到答案，而推斷題則需對(duì)短文進(jìn)行深層理解，再作判斷。

（一）主旨題

此類(lèi)題型用以考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。其中一類(lèi)題型為主旨問(wèn)題。

1、主旨大意題題干常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句形式

1)主旨句設(shè)問(wèn)類(lèi)型What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……

2)最佳標(biāo)題選擇類(lèi)型The best title for this passage is ……

3)作者主旨意圖類(lèi)型What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?

2、主旨大意題的解題方法

主旨大意題一定要注意文章的首尾兩段。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達(dá)是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是兩段重復(fù)表明的語(yǔ)句內(nèi)容表達(dá)。找出選項(xiàng)中與歸納的主旨表達(dá)重復(fù)最多的選項(xiàng)即為最佳答案。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達(dá)不一致，則需要觀察文章的段落篇幅量是傾向于首段或是尾段，從而確定主旨段落。在此過(guò)程中，觀察篇幅量只需跳讀文章段落的首句尾句即可，無(wú)需細(xì)讀段落內(nèi)容，以節(jié)省時(shí)間。如果文章只有一段，則注意文章的首兩句及尾句，然后用以上的方法確定主旨句。

此外，標(biāo)題選擇即為主旨句的壓縮表達(dá)，注意抓住主旨句進(jìn)行主要詞匯的提煉，把一個(gè)句子提煉為幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，即是對(duì)主旨大意進(jìn)行概括歸納的標(biāo)題。而作者意圖表達(dá)必須通過(guò)歸納中心主題才能找到，通常體現(xiàn)為advise，convince，present，purpose，warn等。

（二）細(xì)節(jié)題

1、細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題題干常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句形式

1)True or NOT true 是非判斷類(lèi)型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……? 2)特殊疑問(wèn)詞提問(wèn)類(lèi)型

How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?

3)排序題類(lèi)型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?

4)例證題類(lèi)型The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……

5)表唯一細(xì)節(jié)概念題類(lèi)型：……the most / ~est …………the only ……

2、細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題的解題方法：

做這類(lèi)題的一般方法是先要找出題干或是選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵字，一般為數(shù)字、大寫(xiě)或人名地名，再通過(guò)scanning快速確定該細(xì)節(jié)在文中的出處(信息源)，仔細(xì)對(duì)照題干要求，排除或選擇。命題者在出這類(lèi)題時(shí)慣用“偷梁換柱、張冠李戴”的手法來(lái)迷惑考生，即對(duì)原句細(xì)微處做改動(dòng)，截取原文詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改造，因果倒置，把A的觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)成B的觀點(diǎn)等。所以正確理解題干和信息句的意義是關(guān)鍵。細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題還要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，這些成分都是出題者常進(jìn)行誤導(dǎo)的落腳點(diǎn)。

是非判斷一般都遵循對(duì)照選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行“三對(duì)一錯(cuò)或三錯(cuò)一對(duì)”的判斷。若該信息句是長(zhǎng)句或難句，要學(xué)會(huì)找出其主干部分，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確理解信息句的意義。一定要注意的是，要所答是所問(wèn)，不要受到慣勢(shì)思維的影響，習(xí)慣性地去選擇正確的細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)，切記要弄清問(wèn)題，不要所答非所問(wèn)。

例證題一定要注意以for example……，such as……等關(guān)鍵入手處，找出細(xì)節(jié)出處。排序題要先仔細(xì)觀察選項(xiàng)，找出首尾相同的選項(xiàng)分組，進(jìn)而通過(guò)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息比較進(jìn)行排除和選擇。唯一細(xì)節(jié)題一定要仔細(xì)審題，弄清題干所需。特別需要提醒的是，選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)有most(最高級(jí))、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修飾的細(xì)節(jié)，都具有絕對(duì)性，選擇判斷時(shí)要慎選。

（三）推斷題

此類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵是要注意原文出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)句不是我們做出的推理判斷，而是原文給出的細(xì)節(jié)信息，所以原文語(yǔ)句不能選。判斷時(shí)對(duì)已知的事實(shí)仔細(xì)評(píng)價(jià)后做出的合理決定并非唯一決定，要對(duì)事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎情理的判斷，有時(shí)還需借助常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。

推理判斷題分兩種，即對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的推理和對(duì)主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。解決此類(lèi)題要注意，一是與原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選，二是文中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過(guò)程中只要注意上述兩點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合做細(xì)節(jié)和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判斷題。

（四）猜測(cè)詞義題

猜測(cè)詞義題主要考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文正確判斷靈活變化的詞義能力。一般情況下，推斷詞義的題目中所出現(xiàn)的單詞，大多數(shù)是學(xué)生未曾見(jiàn)過(guò)的生詞，學(xué)生需要在該詞出現(xiàn)的上下文中去尋找線(xiàn)索。通過(guò)閱讀上下文，斷定該詞的真正含義，然后將這個(gè)釋義代入文中，檢查是否貼切，仔細(xì)比較直到得出該詞的確切的含義。

1.通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞

通過(guò)因果關(guān)系猜詞，首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：

You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通過(guò)for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯(cuò))，可猜出blame的詞義是”責(zé)備“。

2.通過(guò)同義詞和反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞

通過(guò)同義詞猜詞，一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞詞組，如happy and gay，即使我們不認(rèn)識(shí)gay這個(gè)詞，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在進(jìn)一步解釋的過(guò)程中使用的同義詞，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞，但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個(gè)詞都屬于”行星“這一義域。通過(guò)反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞或副詞，如but，while，however等；二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語(yǔ)，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根據(jù)not at all...handsome我們不難推測(cè)出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法猜詞

在閱讀文章時(shí)，我們總會(huì)遇上一些新詞匯，有時(shí)很難根據(jù)上下文來(lái)推斷其詞意，而它們對(duì)文章的理解又有著舉足輕重的作用，此時(shí)，如掌握了一些常用的詞根、前綴、后綴等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，這些問(wèn)題便不難解決了。

4.通過(guò)定義或釋義關(guān)系來(lái)推測(cè)詞義

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time.Then there is a dry period，or drought.從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的時(shí)期，即drought，由此可見(jiàn)drought意思為”久旱“，”旱災(zāi)“。而a dry period和drought是同義語(yǔ)。這種同義或釋義關(guān)系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折號(hào)等來(lái)表示。

5.通過(guò)句法功能來(lái)推測(cè)詞義

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞，我們可以從這兩個(gè)詞在句中所處的位置來(lái)判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同類(lèi)關(guān)系，同屬fruit類(lèi)，因此它們是兩樣水果，準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，是菠蘿和椰子。

6.通過(guò)描述猜詞

描述即作者為幫助讀者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而對(duì)該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征的描寫(xiě)。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole.It is fat and walks in a funny way.Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。后面更詳盡地描述了該鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的生活習(xí)性。

A

With miles of beaches，sea and sunshine，Pattaya(芭堤雅)is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand．It provides many kinds of entertainment for both young people and the whole family．There is always something to do，any time，any weather，any day or night．

Orchid(蘭化)Farms are a worthwhile visit and if you are thinking of taking some of these beautiful plants home，visit a day or two before you leave to make sure that you will have live plants when you get back．You can also get great orchids in a sealed(密封)bottle that will last as long as your memory．

Pattaya Elephant Village is another place that you can not miss in Pattaya．It is a good place to learn and understand how elephants have been linked into Thai life and history over the centuries．You can also take an elephant trek there．Show time allows the elephants to display their skills，such as playing football．

You can also feed a tiger at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo(斯里拉差龍虎園)．There you will learn more about tigers．You can take photos with them．You can also enjoy elephant and crocodile shows at the zoo．

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。

()1．What is Pattaya famous for in Thailand?

A．Beaches．

B．Sea．

C．Sunshine．

D．All of the above．

()2．Whenever you go to Pattaya，it can provide many kinds of entertainment for ________．

A．both young people and the whole family

B．both old people and the whole family

C．both young people and kids

D．both parents and kids

()3．Where can you get beautiful orchids in Thailand?

A．Beaches．

B．Pattaya Elephant Village．

C．Orchid Farms．

D．The Sriracha Tiger Zoo．

()4．Which animal do you see at the Sriracha Tiger Zoo?

A．Foxes． B．Elephants． C．Lions． D．Monkeys．

()5．The passage mainly tells us ________．

A．Pattaya is one of the most popular places for visitors to Thailand

B．you must buy some beautiful orchids in Thailand

C．Pattaya Elephant Village is the only place that you can not miss in Pattaya D．if you visit Thailand，you must visit the Sriracha Tiger Zoo

B

When my family moved to America in 2010 from a small village in Guangdong, China, we brought not only our luggage, but also our village rules, customs and culture.One of the rules is that young people should always respect(尊敬)elders.Unluckily, this rule led to my very first embarrassment in the United States.I had a part-time job as a waiter in a Chinese restaurant.One time, when I was serving food to a middle-aged couple, the wife asked me how the food could be served so quickly.I told her that I had made sure they got their food quickly because I always respect the elderly.As soon as I said that, her face showed great displeasure.My manager, who happened to hear what I said, took me aside and gave me a long lecture about how sensitive(敏感)Americans are and how they dislike the description “old”.I then walked back to the table and apologized to the wife.After the couple heard my reason, they understood that the problem was caused by cultural differences, so they laughed and were no longer angry.In my village in China, people are proud of being old.Not so many people live to be seventy or eighty, and people who reach such an age have the most knowledge and experience.Young people always respect older people because they know they can learn from their rich experience.However, in the United States, people think “growing old” is a problem since “old” shows that a person is going to retire or that the body is not working well.Here many people try to keep themselves away from growing old by doing exercises or jogging, and women put on makeup, hoping to look young.When I told the couple in the restaurant that I respect the elderly, they got angry because this caused them to feel they had failed to stay young.I had told them something they didn’t want to hear.After that, I changed the way I had been with older people.It is not that I don’t respect them any more;I still respect them, but now I don’t show my feelings through words.By Jack 根據(jù)以上短文內(nèi)容，然后從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Jack brought the couple their food very fast because _______.A.the manager asked him to do so B.he respected the elderly C.the couple wanted him to do so D.he wanted more pay 2.When Jack called the couple “elderly”, they became _______.A.nervous B.satisfied C.unhappy D.excited 3.In Jack’s hometown, _______.A.people dislike being called “old”

B.people are proud of being old C.many people reach the age of seventy or eighty D.the elderly are the first to get food in restaurants 4.After this experience, Jack _______.A.lost his job in the restaurant

B.made friends with the couple C.no longer respected the elderly

D.changed his way with older people 5.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The more Jack explained, the angrier the couple got.B.Jack wanted to show his feelings through words after his experience.C.The manager went back to the table and apologized to the couple.D.From this experience, Jack learned more about American culture.C

Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family.She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy.Well, almost everything.The problem is that the people in Jean’s family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her.In fact, Jean is quite lonely.So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ.She likes being anonymous(匿名), talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life.She uses the name Linda on QQ and has made a lot of friends who she keeps in touch with quite often.Last year Jean made a very special friend on QQ.His name was David and lived in San Francisco.David was full of stories and jokes.He and Jean had a common(共同的)interest in rock music and modern dance.So it always took them hours to talk happily on QQ and sometimes they even forgot their time.Of course, they wanted to know more about each other.David sent a picture of himself: He was a tall, good-looking young man with a big, happy smile.As time went by, they became good friends and often sent cards and small things to each other.When Jean’s father told her that he was going on a business trip to San Francisco, she asked him to let her go with him so that she could give David a surprise for his birthday.She would take him the latest DVD of their favorite rock singer.But when she knocked on David’s door in San Francisco, she found that her special friend was a twelve-year-old boy named Jim!根據(jù)以上短文內(nèi)容，然后從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Jean spends a lot of her time on QQ because she is _______.A.rich

B.famous

C.young

D.lonely 2.Jean thought “David” was special because he _______.A.made her quite happy on QQ B.was from San Francisco C.sent her a picture of himself D.was tall and good-looking 3.When Jean and “David” met and introduced themselves to each other, who felt surprised? A.“David”.B.Both “David” and Jean.C.Jean.D.Neither “David” nor Jean.4.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.Don’t believe those you get to know on QQ so easily.B.People don’t use their real names on QQ so often.C.Don’t go to meet those you get to know on QQ.D.People should tell their real names to others on QQ.D

Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had.We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away.Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding(婚禮)and Linda’s.Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often.One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address(地址)Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much.I wanted to share(分享)happiness of my children and then grandchildren.And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda’s married name.“There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but J still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter.“Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”

Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives.Now the empty place in my heart is filled.And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!根據(jù)以上短文內(nèi)容，然后從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。1.The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _______.A.at the age of 13

B.before she got married C.after they moved to new homes

D.before the writer’s family moved away 2.They didn’t often write to each other because they _______.A.got married

B.had little time to do so C.didn’t like writing letters

D.could see each other on special time

3.There was an empty place in the writer’s heart because she _______.A.was in trouble

B.didn’t know Linda’s address C.received the card that she sent D.didn’t have a friend like Linda to share her happiness or sadness 4.The writer was happy when she _______.A.read the newspaper

B.heard Linda’s voice on the phone C.met a young woman who looked a lot like Linda D.wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman 5.They haven’t kept in touch _______.A.for about 40 years

B.for about 27 years C.since they got married

D.since the writer’s family moved away

二．初中英語(yǔ)完形填空解題技巧

考點(diǎn)分析: 完型填空一直是考試必考題型,而且在整卷中占相當(dāng)大的分值,如果該部分失分嚴(yán)重,會(huì)影響學(xué)生英語(yǔ)最終成績(jī).因此,學(xué)生必須熟練掌握完型填空做題技巧,同時(shí)通過(guò)一定量專(zhuān)題練習(xí),提高做題的正確率.注:學(xué)生該部分失分特別嚴(yán)重,所以必須加大該部分的練習(xí).一.完型填空最常用的四種解題法:

1.總體把握:要通讀完形填空的短文，跳過(guò)空格快速閱讀，了解全篇的主要內(nèi)容。切不可把寶貴的時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在個(gè)別字句推敲上。

2.弄清體裁:文章體裁通常分為四種：論述文、記敘文、說(shuō)明文和應(yīng)用文。中考選文以敘事性文章為主，如：幽默故事、科普知識(shí)、童話(huà)、簡(jiǎn)短新聞、名人軼事、社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題等。讀這類(lèi)文章，要大體上了解故事所涉及的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件及前因后果。

3.重視主題句:完形填空所用的短文一般不給標(biāo)題，但短文的主題句，往往在每段文章的首句，有時(shí)也出現(xiàn)在文章的中間或結(jié)束處。主題句提供全篇的性質(zhì)、大意等，這是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以語(yǔ)句為立足點(diǎn)，從該句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣推測(cè)全文的主要內(nèi)容。

4.語(yǔ)境聯(lián)想:利用上下文的提示，用學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)和已有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)，掃清部分詞匯理解上的障礙。

二、幾種解題技巧： 1.詞語(yǔ)搭配

(1)從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)說(shuō)，句子不是詞的序列，而是詞組的序列。(2)因搭配關(guān)系而產(chǎn)生的一般性詞匯。如：see a film(3)詞序和意義皆以固定的復(fù)合詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。如：push ahead with(奮力前行)。(4)因詞組而構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)的句式：It feels+形容詞+不定式，在搭配判斷時(shí)，注意：要區(qū)別外形相近而意義不同的搭配。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要區(qū)別形不相似而意義相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary.The book cost me a lot.It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花費(fèi)、需要”的意思。譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)似乎相通。但更要注意它們之間的搭配變化；要注意單個(gè)詞組的多義性。如：take off有“脫下(衣服)，(飛機(jī))起飛，匆匆離開(kāi)，取下，休假等多種含意。2.語(yǔ)法判定

(1)要注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞類(lèi)題，依次為動(dòng)詞、介詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞。選擇各類(lèi)詞時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：

a.名詞的選擇 b.動(dòng)詞的選用c.選擇介詞d.選擇代詞e.選擇連詞f.選擇形容詞和副詞

(2)要注意句法題，搞清句子的種類(lèi)、類(lèi)型、省略和倒裝

a.句子的種類(lèi)包括陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句。一般以考查疑問(wèn)句、感嘆句的詞序?yàn)槎嘁?jiàn)，其次是祈使句的零時(shí)態(tài)等。

b.句子的類(lèi)型有簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句和并列復(fù)合句。

c.句子的省略與倒裝很少考查，卻要看懂，不能引起對(duì)文章的曲解。(3)在語(yǔ)法適用方面，可以用擇優(yōu)法和排除法

a.擇優(yōu)法是把各選項(xiàng)代入短文中，選出在詞義上符合要求，且在語(yǔ)法上又沒(méi)有語(yǔ)病的答案。

b.排除法是在代入選項(xiàng)時(shí)如發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)單詞意義不對(duì)，或詞與詞搭配不妥，或存在語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，或與上下文有矛盾，則迅速排除不合適的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是正確答案。

3.例舉對(duì)比。

在完形填空的多項(xiàng)選擇中，常常會(huì)遇到難以選擇的題目。需要調(diào)動(dòng)頭腦里的知識(shí)“儲(chǔ)備”，例舉熟知的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象與之相比較，再做出明智的選擇。三、一般的解題過(guò)程是：

1.通讀全文，掌握大意。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)初步弄清短文寫(xiě)了些什么內(nèi)容。2.瞻前顧后，分析先行。3.反復(fù)推敲，攻克難關(guān)。如果做不出來(lái)的話(huà)，可能要改變一下思路。

4.驗(yàn)證答案，修正錯(cuò)誤，著重注意這幾點(diǎn)：(1)文章是否順暢；(2)所填單詞是否是最佳單詞；(3)所填單詞是否有拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。

四、對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)：

1.When Billy came to class one morning, he noticed that something was different.Mrs.Green was not in her 51_____ place.She was standing in the middle of the classroom, and 52______ was hiding behind her.”Class,“ she said.”This is Fritz from 53____.Please say hello to him.“ The class were in silence.Mrs.Green said again, ”Say hello to our new friend.“ But still, 54 _____said a word.” All right, then.“ said Mrs.Green.”Billy, please 55______ Fritz to his new desk beside yours.“ ”Hi, Fritz,“ said Billy.”P(pán)lease come with me.“ But Fritz would 56_____.He was holding on to 57_____.He said something, 58_____ nobody could understand.Some of the boys started to laugh.Billy felt 59 _____for him.Then, Billy said something no one else could un derstand 60 ____ Fritz.Fritz smiled and shook Billy's hands(握手').”Wow!“ everyone was surprised.Billy was proud.He said ”I said,“ Hello' in German.I heard it once on TV.”（）1.A.only

B.usual

C.good

D.comfortable（）2.A.a new teacher

B.a new girl C.a new boy

D.Billy（）3.A.England

B.America C.France

D.Germany（）4.A.no one

B.Billy

C.a student

D.Fritz（）5.A.ask

B.carry

C.put

D.take（）6.A.come

B.not move C.not say

D.speak（）7.A.another student's book

B.Billy's hand C.Mrs.Green's skirt

D.the teacher's desk（）8.A.but

B.so

C.because

D.still（）9.A.happy

B.excited

C.afraid

D.sorry（）10.A.with

B.except

C..of

D.about 2.Man has a big brain.He can think, learn and speak.Scientists always say that men are different from animals 1._____ they can think and learn.They know now that animals can also learn.So scientists are beginning to understand that men are different from animals because they can speak.Animals can not speak.They make noises when they are afraid or unhappy.Apes(無(wú)尾猿)can understand some things 2._____ quickly than men, and one or two have learned 3._____ words.But they are still different from us.They can not join words and make sentences.They can not think 4._____ us because they have 5._____ language.They can never think about the past or the future.Language is a wonderful thing.Man has 6._____ build a modern world because he has language.7._____child can speak his own language very well when he was four or five.8._______no animals learn to speak.9._____ do children learn? Scientists do not know.10._____happens inside our body when we speak? They only know that man can speak because he has a brain.（）1.A.after

B.if

C.before

D.because（）2.A little B.much C.more D.less（）3.A.few

B.a few C.little

D.a little（）4.A.as

B.about

C.like

D.over（）5.A.not

B.a

C.no

D.some（）6.A.to able to B.be able to C.able to

D.been able to（）7.A.Each

B.Every

C.One

D.All（）8.A.or

B.so

C.and

D.but（）9.A.How

B.What C.Why

D.Which（）10.A.Where

B.When

C.What

D.How 3.Mr.Lee had never been up in an airplane before and he had read a lot about accidents.SO one day when a friend came to his house and 1.____ to take him for a ride in his own small plane , Mr.Lee was very 2._____.He thought to himself , “If I don't agree ,my friend may not be happy.3_____ if I agree ,I'm really afraid that there might he some danger.” 4.___,however , his friend made him believe that it was very 5.____,and Mr.Lee got on the plane.His friend 6._____ the engine and the plane began to move along on the ground of the 7._____.Mr.Lee was frightened and closed his eyes.After a minute or two he opened them 8.____, looked out of the window of the plane and said to his friend.“ Look 9____those people down over there.They look as 10____as ants, don't they?” “Those are ants ,”answered his friend, “we are still on the ground.”（）1.A.offered

B.allowed

C.agreed

D.afford（）2.A.excited

B.grateful

C.worried

D.glad（）3.A.As

B.For

C.So

D.But（）4.A.Finally

B.First

C.Last

D.But（）5.A.interesting

B.safe

C.comfortable

D.enjoyable（）6.A.began

B.carried

C.moved

D.started（）7.A.airport

B.town

C.station

D.yard（）8.A.again

B.once

C.quickly

D.easily（）9.A.up

B.at

C.over

D.after（）10.A.short

B.big

C.strange

D.small

4.When I had something difficult to do，I used to ask my mother for help.But she always said, “Do it yourself，dear.” I was not 1.____ at all.I thought she was the 2.____ mother in the world!For example，one day，I decided to 3.____ some friends to my home.My bedroom was not in order.Books were everywhere.And I didn't make the bed.I asked my 4.____ to help me clean it，5.____ she still said，“Do it yourself，girl.”

Because of my “l(fā)azy mother”，I have to 6._____ my clothes and clean my room.I have to help my parents 7.____ I even have to go to the dentist by myself.It is really hard for me to do everything well，but I have learned 8.____.

As time goes by，I understand my mother.She makes me clever and diligent(勤奮的)9.____ a great mother!A 10.____ mother is worth（等值于）one hundred teachers!Don't you think so? 1.A.old

B.glad

C.thin 2.A.tallest

B.most foolish

C.laziest  3.A.leave

B.invite

C.visit 4.A.mother

B.father

C.brother 5.A.or

B.when

C.but 6.A.wash

B.lead

C.knock 7.A.do housework

B.go swimming

C.go camping  8.A.on show

B.by mistake

C.a lot 9.A.Which

B.What

C.Who 10.A.young

B.good

C.happy

第四篇：中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧

中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧

閱讀理解一直是英語(yǔ)考試中的重頭戲，如何在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)充分理解文章的主旨大意卻是讓不少學(xué)生頭疼的事。對(duì)此，記者采訪了中山區(qū)教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校中教部英語(yǔ)教研員于洋，請(qǐng)她講講中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解有哪些解題技巧。于洋說(shuō)，“英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的命題基本分為細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)，主旨大意，推理判斷，詞意猜測(cè)四種類(lèi)型。其總體遵循的規(guī)律是題目的設(shè)置順序與原文的段落設(shè)置順序基本一致。掌握這個(gè)規(guī)律，不僅能夠幫助考生節(jié)省時(shí)間，還能幫助學(xué)生保證思路順暢清晰，穩(wěn)定心態(tài)?！?/p>

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)

新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有關(guān)閱讀最基本的要求是“能從一般性文章中獲取和處理主要信息”。對(duì)這種“獲取和處理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是細(xì)節(jié)判斷。這類(lèi)題在閱讀理解題中占據(jù)半壁江山，做好這類(lèi)題是確?；A(chǔ)分的關(guān)鍵。同時(shí)，弄清細(xì)節(jié)，正確獲取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特別重視做好這類(lèi)題。

1、細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題題干常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句形式

1）True or NOT true 是非判斷類(lèi)型Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as ……? According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for ……?

2）特殊疑問(wèn)詞提問(wèn)類(lèi)型How many ……？What/who/when/where/how/why ……?

3）排序題類(lèi)型Which of the orders is correct according to the passage ?

4）例證題類(lèi)型The author gives the example in ……paragraph in order to ……

5）表唯一細(xì)節(jié)概念題類(lèi)型：……the most / ~est …………the only ……

2、細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題的解題方法：

做這類(lèi)題的一般方法是先要找出題干或是選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵字，一般為數(shù)字、大寫(xiě)或人名地名，再通過(guò)scanning快速確定該細(xì)節(jié)在文中的出處（信息源），仔細(xì)對(duì)照題干要求，排除或選擇。命題者在出這類(lèi)題時(shí)慣用“偷梁換柱、張冠李戴”的手法來(lái)迷惑考生，即對(duì)原句細(xì)微處做改動(dòng)，截取原文詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改造，因果倒置，把A的觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)成B的觀點(diǎn)等。所以正確理解題干和信息句的意義是關(guān)鍵。細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題還要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，這些成分都是出題者常進(jìn)行誤導(dǎo)的落腳點(diǎn)。

是非判斷一般都遵循對(duì)照選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行“三對(duì)一錯(cuò)或三錯(cuò)一對(duì)”的判斷。若該信息句是長(zhǎng)句或難句，要學(xué)會(huì)找出其主干部分，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，正確理解信息句的意義。一定要注意的是，要所答是所問(wèn)，不要受到慣勢(shì)思維的影響，習(xí)慣性地去選擇正確的細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)，切記要弄清問(wèn)題，不要所答非所問(wèn)。

例證題一定要注意以for example ……, such as ……等關(guān)鍵入手處，找出細(xì)節(jié)出處。排序題要先仔細(xì)觀察選項(xiàng)，找出首尾相同的選項(xiàng)分組，進(jìn)而通過(guò)具體細(xì)節(jié)信息比較進(jìn)行排除和選擇。唯一細(xì)節(jié)題一定要仔細(xì)審題，弄清題干所需。特別需要提醒的是，選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)有most（最高級(jí)）、the only（唯一）、all（所有）、none（全否）修飾的細(xì)節(jié)，都具有絕對(duì)性，選擇判斷時(shí)要慎選。主旨大意

此類(lèi)題型用以考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章主題或中心思想的領(lǐng)會(huì)和理解能力。其中一類(lèi)題型為主旨問(wèn)題。

1、主旨大意題題干常見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句形式

1）主旨句設(shè)問(wèn)類(lèi)型What is the main idea of this passage？What does the passage maily talk about？We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……

2）最佳標(biāo)題選擇類(lèi)型The best title for this passage is ……

3）作者主旨意圖類(lèi)型What does the writer want to tell us？Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?

2、主旨大意題的解題方法

主旨大意題一定要注意文章的首尾兩段。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達(dá)是一致的，那么文章的主旨便是兩段重復(fù)表明的語(yǔ)句內(nèi)容表達(dá)。找出選項(xiàng)中與歸納的主旨表達(dá)重復(fù)最多的選項(xiàng)即為最佳答案。如果首尾兩段的主旨表達(dá)不一致，則需要觀察文章的段落篇幅量是傾向于首段或是尾段，從而確定主旨段落。在此過(guò)程中，觀察篇幅量只需跳讀文章段落的首句尾句即可，無(wú)需細(xì)讀段落內(nèi)容，以節(jié)省時(shí)間。如果文章只有一段，則注意文章的首兩句及尾句，然后用以上的方法確定主旨句。

此外，標(biāo)題選擇即為主旨句的壓縮表達(dá)，注意抓住主旨句進(jìn)行主要詞匯的提煉，把一個(gè)句子提煉為幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，即是對(duì)主旨大意進(jìn)行概括歸納的標(biāo)題。而作者意圖表達(dá)必須通過(guò)歸納中心主題才能找到，通常體現(xiàn)為advise,convince,present,propose,warn等。

推理判斷

此類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵是要注意原文出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)句不是我們做出的推理判斷，而是原文給出的細(xì)節(jié)信息，所以原文語(yǔ)句不能選。判斷時(shí)對(duì)已知的事實(shí)仔細(xì)評(píng)價(jià)后做出的合理決定并非唯一決定，要對(duì)事實(shí)進(jìn)行合乎情理的判斷，有時(shí)還需借助常識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷。

推理判斷題分兩種，即對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的推理和對(duì)主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。解決此類(lèi)題要注意，一是與原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選，二是文中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。解題過(guò)程中只要注意上述兩點(diǎn)，再結(jié)合做細(xì)節(jié)和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判斷題。

詞義猜測(cè)題

詞義猜測(cè)是利用上下文語(yǔ)境對(duì)某些生詞、難句做出推測(cè)和判斷。該題旨在考查學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文推斷詞匯的能力，因而，所考單詞的意義通常超出大綱范圍。常見(jiàn)形式有：The word / phrase …… means / refers to ……From the passage，we can infer the word …… is closest in meaning to ……What does the word …… in paragraph …… mean？

要做好此類(lèi)題，要注意，第一要熟練掌握大綱單詞，平時(shí)注意積累生詞和短語(yǔ)。第二，要把詞放到句子里，把句子放在句群里。第三，注意詞、句的位置,確定結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系。第四，要善于利用連詞、代詞及詞性、同義詞法、反義詞法等進(jìn)行判斷選擇。記者李楠采寫(xiě)整理

第五篇：英語(yǔ)閱讀理解快速解題技巧

英語(yǔ)閱讀理解快速解題技巧

葉青 2020.05

步驟一：先給閱讀理解題分類(lèi)：

（1）人物類(lèi)，如介紹探險(xiǎn)家哥倫布、一個(gè)善良的醫(yī)生、一位運(yùn)動(dòng)員等等；

（2）情理常識(shí)類(lèi)，如某個(gè)故事（寓言、諺語(yǔ)）說(shuō)明了某個(gè)道理或體現(xiàn)了某種智慧；

（3）名詞類(lèi)，如介紹網(wǎng)上支付的好處(網(wǎng)上支付是一個(gè)名詞)、巴西的咖啡、太陽(yáng)系、一種剛被發(fā)現(xiàn)的植物、紐約（一個(gè)城市，也屬于名詞）的特點(diǎn)等等。

請(qǐng)同學(xué)們給三篇文章分類(lèi)。

A 篇

Everyone has got two personalities(性格)—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．You dont show your secret personality when youre awake because you can control yourself，but when youre asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you．In a normal night，of course，you often change your sleeping positions．The important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you go to sleep．

If you go to sleep on your back，youre a very open person．You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by new ideas．You dont like to make people unhappy，so you never express your real feelings．Youre quite shy and you aren’t very confident．

If you sleep on your stomach，you are a person who likes to keep secrets．You worry a lot and youre always easily becoming sad．You never want to change your ideas，but you are satisfied with your life the way it is．You usually live for today not for tomorrow．

If you sleep curled up(蜷縮)，you are probably a very nervous person．You have a low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt，so you are very defensive．Youre shy and you dont usually like meeting people．You like to be on your own．

If you sleep on your side，you have usually got a well-balanced(平衡的)personality．You know your strengths and weaknesses．Youre usually careful．You have a confident personality.You sometimes feel worried，but you don’t often get unhappy．You always say what you think，even if it makes people angry．

B 篇

The Secret 秘密 of Happiness

Once there lived a king of great strength 權(quán)力and wealth財(cái)富.Yet he was not happy.He told his servants 仆人to find him things to make him happy, but each came back saying, “Nothing in the world can match 比得上the wonderful things you have already.” Then 當(dāng)時(shí)in that land, there lived a poor man with a patch 眼罩over one eye and a crutch拐杖 to help him walk.Although he had little, he was always happy.When the king heard of this, he asked the man to teach him his secret.“I never push強(qiáng)迫,” the man replied, “and I never rush匆忙.Most of all, I never wish for too much." Then 然后 he smiled and was gone.If you would make a man happy, do not add to his possessions財(cái)產(chǎn)but subtract減少 from his desires欲望.從前有一位國(guó)王，很有權(quán)力和財(cái)富，然而他并不快樂(lè)。他告訴仆人去找可以使他快樂(lè)的東西，但是每個(gè)回來(lái)的人都說(shuō)：“世界上沒(méi)有什么比得上你已經(jīng)擁有的極好的東西?！碑?dāng)時(shí)那個(gè)國(guó)家住著一個(gè)窮人，他一個(gè)眼睛戴著眼罩并靠拐杖走路。雖然他擁有的很少，但是他總是很快樂(lè)。當(dāng)國(guó)王聽(tīng)說(shuō)這件事的時(shí)候，他要求這個(gè)人教他快樂(lè)的秘決。“我從來(lái)不強(qiáng)迫，”這個(gè)人答道，“而且我從不匆忙。最重要的是，我從不希望得到太多?！?然后，他笑著離開(kāi)了。

如果你想使一個(gè)人快樂(lè)，不要增加他的財(cái)產(chǎn)，而是要減少他的欲望。

C 篇

Jeremy Lin, one of the most popular basketball players in NBA, plays for New York Knicks and leads his team to win, although he was fired by the Golden State Warriors and Houston Rockets.Jeremy Lin is a Chinese-American, who was born on August 23, 1988 in California, U.S.A..He graduated from Harvard University, majoring in economics with a minor in sociology.During the school, he led Harvard University basketball team won the Ivy League group champion.After that, he signed with the Golden State Warriors and became the first Harvard University student to enter NBA since 1953 and the first Chinese –American player in NBA.Jeremy Lin is known to people since February 4.In a 99-92 victory over the New Jersey Nets, he scored 25 points, five rebounds and seven assists-all career-high.Since then, he got more playing time and began his legendary performances and led the team to seven consecutive victories.In the game with the Los Angeles Lakers, his scoring even more than Kobe Bryant.Because of his sudden rise, February 16, Jeremy Lin was invited to participate in Rising Stars Challenge while he was originally not appeared in the entry list.Due to his outstanding performance, the media overwhelmingly reported him into a hero of New York city.The U.S.media also gave him a resounding nickname “Lin-sanity ”.At the same time, his is so popular in the Internet that the videos about him are crazy spread.After all, Jeremy Lin is just a new player in NBA, and he has much to learn.We hope him to work hard as before and play well in the future.林書(shū)豪，雖然曾被金州勇士隊(duì)和休士頓火箭隊(duì)開(kāi)除，但他是NBA中最受歡迎的籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一，他效力于紐約尼克斯隊(duì)并領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的球隊(duì)取得勝利，林書(shū)豪是美籍華裔，出生于1988年8月23日，美國(guó)的加利福尼亞。他畢業(yè)于哈佛大學(xué)，主修經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，副修社會(huì)學(xué)。在校期間，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)哈佛大學(xué)籃球隊(duì)贏得了常春藤聯(lián)盟組冠軍。在那之后，他與金州勇士隊(duì)簽約,成為哈佛大學(xué)自1953年以來(lái)第一個(gè)進(jìn)入NBA的學(xué)生,也是第一個(gè)在NBA的美籍華裔球員。

林書(shū)豪自從2月4號(hào)開(kāi)始就為人所知。以99-92的比分擊敗新澤西網(wǎng)隊(duì),他得到25分，5個(gè)籃板和7次助攻，創(chuàng)他職業(yè)生涯記錄。從此，他獲得更多的上場(chǎng)時(shí)間，開(kāi)始了他傳奇的表演并領(lǐng)導(dǎo)他的隊(duì)伍取得了七連勝。在與洛杉磯湖人隊(duì)的比賽中他的得分甚至比科比-布萊恩特的還多。因?yàn)樗耐蝗会绕?2月16日，林書(shū)豪被邀請(qǐng)參加新星挑戰(zhàn)賽，盡管他最初并沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)在列表名單上。

由于他杰出的表現(xiàn)，媒體大量的報(bào)道使他成為紐約的英雄。美國(guó)媒體還給賦予他一個(gè)響亮的昵稱(chēng)“林理智“。同時(shí)，他在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上也是非常受歡迎的，以至于與他有關(guān)的視頻被瘋狂地傳播。畢竟，林書(shū)豪在NBA中只是一個(gè)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，所以他還有很多東西是需要去學(xué)習(xí)的。希望他能夠和之前一樣努力學(xué)習(xí)，將來(lái)球打得越來(lái)越好。

答案：A篇：名詞類(lèi)（睡覺(jué)的姿勢(shì)）

B篇：情理類(lèi)(幸福的秘密在哪里？在適度地減少欲望)

C篇:人物類(lèi)(籃球明星)

步驟二：分類(lèi)后，再來(lái)做題。如果是關(guān)于文章的中心思想：

人物類(lèi)：正確的選擇一般都是關(guān)于人的本質(zhì)（品質(zhì)）的，如善良、誠(chéng)實(shí)、刻苦、等。如果四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中既有關(guān)于該人的智商，又有中性的評(píng)價(jià)（如害羞，不算好也不算壞），還有提及該人的品質(zhì)的，一般都是選品質(zhì)的。

題干：What does this passage tell us? 這篇文章告訴了我們什么？

如A: Mr.Wu is a clever man.B: Mr.Wu is a tall and fat man.C: Mr.Wu is a very kind man.D: Mr.Wu is a very shy man.按照剛才的分析，這道題的答案極可能是C。大家可以設(shè)想一下：很少有人寫(xiě)了一篇400多字的文章，宗旨就是告訴你“吳先生又高又胖（B）”

情理類(lèi)，一般選擇三觀最正的，最有正能量的，講的道理最是相對(duì)最正確的）

What does this passage tell us? 這篇文章告訴了我們什么？

如 A: Winning a game is very important..B: Friendship is much more important than winning a game..C: Winning a game 需要needs good sleep.按照剛才的分析，這道題的答案極可能是B。

這樣即使時(shí)間不夠，也能先把答案選出來(lái)。

下周繼續(xù)，請(qǐng)關(guān)注。