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      2018年江蘇高考專題一語法知識:第1講動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)

      時間:2019-05-14 20:42:51下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關的《2018年江蘇高考專題一語法知識:第1講動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)》,但愿對你工作學習有幫助,當然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《2018年江蘇高考專題一語法知識:第1講動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)》。

      第一篇:2018年江蘇高考專題一語法知識:第1講動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)

      第1講 動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)

      1.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he________.(2017·江蘇,27)A.was being followed

      C.had been followed

      答案 A 解析 句意為:他匆忙回家了,一次也沒有回頭看看他是否正被跟蹤。這里if引導的賓語從句用過去進行時表示過去某一時刻(hurried home)正在進行的動作。又因he與follow之間是被動關系,故用被動語態(tài)。綜合可知選A項。

      2.He’s been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background.(2017·江蘇,31)A.hasn’t qualified

      C.doesn’t qualify

      答案 C 解析 句意為:他已被告知,因為他的學術(shù)背景,他沒有獲得獎學金的資格。本空的謂語動詞qualify在這里用作不及物動詞,表示“有資格,有權(quán)利”,此處并不表示延續(xù)性的動作,而是說明“他沒有資格”這一實際情況,因此用一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式doesn’t qualify。3.—________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? —Yes.They are happy with it.(2017·北京,24)A.Did you call

      C.Will you call

      答案 A 解析 句意為:——昨天你給那家公司打電話詢問他們對我們的產(chǎn)品印象如何了嗎?——打

      B.Have you called D.Were you calling B.hadn’t qualified D.wasn’t qualifying B.was following D.followed 過了,他們對我們的產(chǎn)品很滿意。由yesterday(昨天)可知,句子用一般過去時。D項是過去進行時,與語境不符。

      4.In the 1950s in the USA,most families had just one phone at home,and wireless phones ________ yet.(2017·北京,29)A.haven’t invented B.haven’t been invented C.hadn’t invented D.hadn’t been invented 答案 D 解析 句意為:在20世紀50年代的美國,大多數(shù)家庭家里僅有一部電話,那時無線電話還沒有被發(fā)明出來。由in the 1950s可知句子說的是過去發(fā)生的事情,又由yet可知,要用完成時,故空格處用過去完成時;又因phones與invent之間是被動關系,所以用被動語態(tài)。綜合可知,選D項。

      5.People ________ better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result.(2017·北京,33)A.will have

      C.had

      答案 B 解析 句意為:人們有了比過去更便捷的醫(yī)療服務,因此人們更長壽了。句子說的是現(xiàn)在的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時,選B項。have access to有權(quán)使用,有機會接近。

      6.I_______ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.(2017·天津,8)A.was driving

      C.would drive

      答案 A 解析 句意為:我正開車去倫敦,這時突然發(fā)現(xiàn)我走錯路了。be doing...when...是固定句式,表示“正在做??這時??”。

      7.More efforts,as reported,________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.(2016·江蘇,22)A.a(chǎn)re made

      C.a(chǎn)re being made

      B.will be made D.have been made B.have driven D.drove B.have D.had had 答案 B 解析 句意為:據(jù)報道,為加快供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革今后幾年要付出更多的努力。根據(jù)時間狀語in the years ahead可知,此處要用一般將來時,再結(jié)合主語more efforts與動詞make之間為被動關系可知答案為B。

      8.Dashan,who ________ crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.(2016·江蘇,29)A.will be learning

      C.had been learning

      答案 D 解析 句意為:大山已經(jīng)學習相聲——中國傳統(tǒng)喜劇形式——數(shù)十年了,他想把中國相聲與西方單口相聲融合起來。根據(jù)時間狀語for decades和主句謂語動詞wants可知,此處表示從過去到現(xiàn)在(有可能延續(xù)到將來)的動作,故此處要用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。9.Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016·北京,21)A.works

      C.was working

      答案 C 解析 句意為:杰克正在實驗室里工作這時突然停電了。be doing...when...(某人)正在做某事,這時??,是固定句式。由occurred可知停電是發(fā)生在過去的某一具體時刻,故用過去進行時,選C。

      10.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.(2016·北京,30)A.rewarded

      C.will reward

      答案 D 解析 句意為:學生們一直努力學習功課,他們的付出最終會獲得成功的。由句意可知,reward這一動作發(fā)生在have been working之后,故用將來時態(tài);efforts和reward之間為被動關系,所以用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故選D。

      11.When walking down the street,I came across David,whom I ____ for years.(2016·天津,3)A.didn’t see

      C.hadn’t seen

      B.haven’t seen D.wouldn’t see B.were rewarded D.will be rewarded B.has worked D.would work B.is learning D.has been learning 答案 C 解析 句意為:沿街走路時,我偶然遇到了戴維,我們已有好幾年沒見了?!皼]見”表示的動作在came across之前,且for years是完成時的標志,所以應選表示過去完成時的hadn’t seen。

      12.—Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ here for more than two hours.(2016·北京,23)A.waited

      C.would be waiting

      答案 D 解析 句意為:——請問,你們在等哪場電影?——新的《星球大戰(zhàn)》,我們在這兒已經(jīng)等了兩個多小時了。由句中時間狀語“for more than two hours”可知,動作從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了直接影響,且動作還可能繼續(xù),故用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。故選D。

      13.I ________ half of the English novel,and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.(2016·北京,25)A.read

      C.a(chǎn)m reading

      答案 B 解析 句意為:我已經(jīng)讀完這本英文小說的一半了,我會爭取在周末讀完。前一分句表示到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作,并且這個動作的結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在的情況仍有影響,故用現(xiàn)在完成時。14.The real reason why prices ________,and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.(2015·江蘇,30)A.were

      C.have been

      答案 A 解析 句意為:物價過去很高,現(xiàn)在依然居高不下,其真正原因是復雜的,不是兩三句話能圓滿解釋的。根據(jù)空格后面的and still are(而且現(xiàn)在仍然是)判斷,前面是指物價過去的情況,應用一般過去時,故選A項。

      15.—Dr Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I ________ him later.(2015·北京,30)A.will call

      C.call

      B.have called D.will be calling B.will be D.had been B.have read D.will read B.wait

      D.have been waiting 答案 A 解析 句意為:——Jackson博士現(xiàn)在不在他的辦公室里?!玫?。過一會兒我再給他打電話。由句中的later可知此處要用一般將來時,故選A。

      16.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________ a class at that time.(2015·天津,6)A.will teach

      C.has taught

      答案 D 解析 句意為:簡不能參加今天下午3點鐘的會議,因為那時她將在授課。時間狀語at that time指的是前面的at 3 o’clock this afternoon,表示將來某個時刻正在做某事,要用將來進行時。17.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement________ so far by the two sides.(2015·天津,9)A.has been reached

      C.will reach

      答案 A 解析 句意為:盡管之前進行了多輪會談,但到目前為止雙方還沒達成任何協(xié)議。根據(jù)時間狀語so far可知此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時,主語agreement與動詞reach之間為被動關系,故要用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動形式。

      18.Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child,few people guessed that he ________ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.(2015·浙江,8)A.has been

      C.was going to be

      答案 C 解析 句意為:阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦生于1879年。孩提時,很少有人會猜想到他能成為其理論會改變世界的著名科學家。由語境可知,此處指在愛因斯坦小時候人們所猜想的,表示“從過去看將來會發(fā)生的事情”,要用過去將來時態(tài),用would/should do,was/were to do或者was/were going to do表示,故C項正確。

      19.That’s why I help brighten people’s days.If you ________,who’s to say that another person will?(2015·湖南,35)A.didn’t

      B.don’t B.had been D.was B.was reached D.will have reached B.would teach D.will be teaching C.weren’t

      答案 B

      D.haven’t 解析 句意為:那就是為什么我要幫助人們使他們天天心情愉快。如果你不那樣做的話,誰能說另一個人會那樣做呢?本句中if引導的是條件狀語從句,從句中需用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。

      20.To my delight,I ________ from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015·福建,26)A.was chosen

      C.would choose

      答案 A 解析 句意為:令我高興的是,在幾百個申請者中我被選中參加開幕式了。首先,句子主語I和choose是被動關系,所以要用被動語態(tài);其次,本句是對過去所發(fā)生事情的客觀描述,所以用一般過去時。

      B.was being chosen D.had chosen

      一、幾種易混的動詞時態(tài)的比較 1.一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的比較

      (1)用兩種時態(tài)來表述發(fā)生在過去的某一動作時,現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這一過去動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果;而一般過去時只表達過去的動作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在關系不大。She has cleaned the room.It’s very clean now.她打掃了房間。現(xiàn)在非常干凈。

      此句中的has cleaned就不能改為cleaned,因為clean這一動作的結(jié)果仍與現(xiàn)狀有關。(2)漢語中的“了”“過”“曾”等詞常用完成時來表達,I have seen that film.我看過那部電影了。

      但是如果是在過去的特定時間“看了”或“做過”,就不可用完成時而必須用一般過去時來表達。

      —When did you see that film? —I saw it yesterday.——你什么時候看了那部電影? ——我昨天看的。

      2.現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時的比較

      現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)的是某個剛剛完成的動作,或某個過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果;現(xiàn)在完成進行時則強調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性,還可表示動作的重復。

      Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years.莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》在過去的幾年里至少被拍成了十部不同的電影。—Hi,Tracy,you look tired.—I am tired.I have been painting the living room all day.——嗨,特雷西,你看起來很累。——我累了。我一整天都在粉刷客廳。3.現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時的比較

      現(xiàn)在進行時描述現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或發(fā)生的事;過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某階段正在發(fā)生的動作,兩者選取的時間參考點不同?!狧ey,look where you are going!

      —Oh,I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.——嘿,看你往哪兒走的!——哦,真對不起。我沒注意到。

      由語境可知,第一句描述正在發(fā)生的事情,故用現(xiàn)在進行時;答話者在對方提醒下才注意到自己的過失,也就是之前一直沒有注意到,故用過去進行時。4.一般過去時和過去進行時的比較

      一般過去時表示過去某個特定時間或某一段時間發(fā)生的動作或情況,是一個已經(jīng)完成了的、只做一次的動作;過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某階段正在發(fā)生的動作,是一個尚未完成的動作,可以表示過去反復做的動作。

      He was writing a book about China last year,but I don’t know if he has finished it.他去年在寫一本關于中國的書,但我不知道他是否已經(jīng)完成了。

      從“I don’t know if he has finished it”可推斷,他去年一直在寫,所以用過去進行時。Tom slipped into the house when no one was noticing.沒人注意時,湯姆溜進了屋子。

      slipped指過去有結(jié)果的動作(他溜進去了),when no one was noticing指他溜進去的一剎那正在發(fā)生的情況(沒有人注意)。

      二、破除思維定式解決時態(tài)題

      思維定式一:“for+一段時間”總是與現(xiàn)在完成時連用

      “for+一段時間”用在句子中,只表示動作持續(xù)了一段時間,這個動作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束,也可能在將來某個時間發(fā)生,還可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止。所以“for+一段時間”并不總是與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。

      —Haven’t seen you for ages!Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.——好久沒見到你了,你去哪兒了?

      ——我去了寧夏,在那里待了一年,作為一名志愿者教書。

      由對話可知,went和stayed是兩個發(fā)生在過去的動作,并沒有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故stay要用一般過去時。

      思維定式二:“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”中的時態(tài)要一致

      平行結(jié)構(gòu)往往表示兩個或多個發(fā)生在同一時間段內(nèi)的動作,因此動作常常銜接而來,時態(tài)要盡量一致(特殊情況除外)。如:

      Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we had expected.手寫所有的邀請函比我們預計的更費時。(“預計”這一動作發(fā)生在手寫邀請函之前,而手寫邀請函是一個過去的事實,故“預計”這個動作要用過去完成時態(tài)。)思維定式三:過去的時間狀語要與過去的各種時態(tài)連用

      I was coming to visit you later that day,but I had to phone and cancel.那天我本來打算晚些時候去拜訪你的,但是我不得不打電話取消了。

      根據(jù)句意可知,在過去的時間點說將來,如果謂語動詞是come,go,leave...,則常用過去進行時表將來。

      思維定式四:句子中出現(xiàn)look,hear用現(xiàn)在進行時

      句子中出現(xiàn)look,hear以提醒別人注意時,往往這一動作正在進行,但也有例外: —Look!Somebody has cleaned the sofa.—Well,it wasn’t me.I didn’t do it.——看!有人已經(jīng)把沙發(fā)整理干凈了?!?,那不是我。我沒有做。

      從答語可以看出事件已經(jīng)完成了,故前面一句著重談對現(xiàn)在的影響,故用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。

      1.—Hi,Jenny,how are you getting on with your packing? —I ________ what to take with me.(2017·南京、鹽城一模,27)A.will have decided

      C.a(chǎn)m deciding

      答案 C 解析 句意為:——嗨,珍妮,你的行李收拾得怎么樣啦?——我正在決定要帶什么呢。根據(jù)語境可知,兩人之間的對話為現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情,而珍妮正在決定要帶什么行李。結(jié)合句意可知本題的時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進行時,故選C項。2.—Didn’t you talk any with Rice? —No,the plane ________ off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.(2017·南京九中模擬,31)A.was taking

      C.took

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——你沒有和Rice說什么嗎?——沒有,我趕到機場送她的時候飛機已經(jīng)起飛了。take off這一動作發(fā)生在rush這一動作之前,rush用的過去時,所以take off要用過去的過去,即過去完成時。故選B項。3.—Have you got the washing machine fixed? —I paid a lot of money,but still it ________ to work.(2017·南京學情調(diào)研,25)A.fails

      C.has failed

      答案 A 解析 句意為:——你的洗衣機修好了嗎?——我付了很多錢,但是洗衣機仍然無法運轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)語境可知,洗衣機仍然無法運轉(zhuǎn)為發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在的事情,故本題的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時,答案選A。

      4.The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we ________ admitted.(2017·南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,26)A.will get

      C.got

      B.get D.have got B.is failing D.had failed B.had taken D.has taken B.would decide D.had decided 答案 C 解析 句意為:我們學校的校長希望我們在畢業(yè)的時候比入學的時候更有雄心。根據(jù)語境可知,畢業(yè)是在將來,而入學是在過去,應用一般過去時,故選C項。

      5.I hope when you come tomorrow,you ________ the reading and have something to share.(2017·南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,34)A.did

      C.will be doing

      答案 D 解析 句意為:我希望當你們明天來的時候,你們已經(jīng)閱讀完了,并且有東西分享。根據(jù)語境可知,此處在談論將來的事情,應用將來的時態(tài),排除A、B兩項;根據(jù)have something to share可知,已經(jīng)讀完才有東西可分享,應用將來完成時,故選D項。

      6.When someone ________,it will double his or her chances of being helpful again.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江一模,22)A.thanks

      C.was thanked

      答案 B 解析 句意為:當有人被感謝的時候,他或她再次助人的可能性將增加一倍。根據(jù)being helpful可知,一個人在助人為樂后得到感謝會再幫助別人,“得到感謝”應用被動語態(tài),排除A、D兩項;根據(jù)主句的一般將來時可知,從句應用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來,故選B項。7.—It’s a complete mess.Where are the kitchen table tops? —At the back.We ________ them by 7 pm this evening.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,29)A.a(chǎn)re placing

      C.will be placing

      答案 D 解析 句意為:——這簡直是一團糟。廚房桌子的桌面在哪里?——在后面。我們今晚七點前會將它們擺放好。根據(jù)時間狀語by 7 pm this evening可知本題的時態(tài)為將來完成時,故選D。

      8.I’m afraid the teacher will blame you for you’ve failed to do what you ________ to.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,5)A.will expect

      B.will be expected B.have placed D.will have placed B.is thanked D.thanked B.a(chǎn)re doing D.will have done C.expected

      答案 D

      D.were expected 解析 句意為:恐怕老師會因為你沒能做到所期望的事而責備你。根據(jù)句意可知,你是被老師期望做某事,應用被動語態(tài);根據(jù)you’ve failed可知,被期望的事發(fā)生在過去,應用一般過去式,故選D項。

      9.When he ________ the bill in the restaurant,he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car.(2017·南通一調(diào),29)A.paid

      C.was to pay

      答案 C 解析 句意為:當他在餐館里要付錢的時候,他突然意識到他把錢包落在車里了。根據(jù)語境可知,他打算付錢,be to do可以表示即刻的將來,且能用在時間狀語從句中。本題講述的是過去的事情,應用was to do,表示過去打算做某事,故選C項。10.—Where is Gary? —He is at the library studying for his German test on Wednesday.In fact,he ________ for the test every day over the past week.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,24)A.has reviewed

      C.has been reviewing

      答案 C 解析 句意為:——Gary在哪里?——他在圖書館為周三的德語考試學習呢。事實上在過去的一周他每天都在為考試復習。時間狀語over the past week常和完成時態(tài)連用,根據(jù)語境可知,Gary過去一周一直在學習,即動作從過去開始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在還在進行中,應用現(xiàn)在完成進行時,故選C項。

      11.—The new machines have arrived and are being tested in the workshop.—I’m glad we ________ them in the years ahead.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,30)A.will be operating

      C.would be operating

      答案 A 解析 句意為:——新機器已經(jīng)到了,正在車間里被測試?!液芨吲d在今后的幾年里可以操作它們。根據(jù)時間狀語in the years ahead可知,操作機器應發(fā)生在將來,故選A項。

      B.have been operating D.had been operating B.was reviewing D.had been reviewing B.would be paying D.had paid 12.It is almost always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,25)A.commits

      C.committed

      答案 C 解析 句意為:情況幾乎總是這樣的:警察進行調(diào)查并且查看證據(jù),而證據(jù)可能暗示是誰犯了罪。根據(jù)句意可知,誰犯了罪是發(fā)生在警察進行調(diào)查并且查看證據(jù)之前的事情。由conduct an investigation and look at the evidence的一般現(xiàn)在時可知空處的時態(tài)為一般過去時,故選C項。13.Owing to the speeding up of urbanization and improvement of living standards,people’s consumption patterns ________ in the last few years.(2017·蘇北四市一調(diào),21)A.changed

      C.had changed

      答案 D 解析 句意為:由于城市化的加速和生活水平的提高,在過去的幾年中人們的消費模式發(fā)生了變化。根據(jù)時間狀語in the last few years可知,變化發(fā)生在過去的幾年里,即從幾年前到現(xiàn)在,符合現(xiàn)在完成時的使用語境,故選D項。14.—Guess what?I met Mark at the party.—If my memory serves me correctly,you two ________ each other for almost ten years.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,6)A.haven’t seen

      C.didn’t see

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——你猜怎么著?我在聚會上遇到了Mark?!绻覜]記錯的話,你們倆差不多10年沒見面了。兩人差不多10年沒見面是發(fā)生在I met Mark at the party之前的事,也就是發(fā)生在“過去的過去”,應用過去完成時,故選B項。15.—Why are you so upset,Mary? —My boss ________ fault with me.He is not so kind as you think.(2017·南通一模,22)A.a(chǎn)lways finds

      C.has always found 答案 B

      B.is always finding D.a(chǎn)lways found B.hadn’t seen D.don’t see B.change D.have changed B.commit D.will commit 解析 句意為:——Mary,你為什么這么沮喪???——我老板總是挑我的毛病。他沒有你想的那么友善。be always doing sth.總是做某事,帶有感情色彩,或喜歡或討厭,符合語境,故選B項。

      16.—Go for a drink together? —Fine.I ________ how to spend the rest of the night.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,31)A.wonder

      C.was wondering

      答案 C 解析 句意為:——一起去喝一杯?——好啊,我剛才正在想如何來度過今晚余下的時光呢。過去進行時可表示說話者在說這句話之前正在做的事情,還可以表示一種禮貌,符合交際用語的特點,故選C項。

      17.New energy vehicle-sharing projects ________ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s sharing economy in the next few years.(2017·連云港、徐州、宿遷三模,27)A.a(chǎn)re to carry out B.a(chǎn)re being carried out C.were carried out D.will have been carried out 答案 B 解析 句意為:為了在未來幾年為我國的分享經(jīng)濟注入發(fā)展動力,新能源汽車共享項目正在多個城市展開。根據(jù)句意可知,項目現(xiàn)在正在被開展,故選B項。18.—I hope you’ll make good efforts while I’m away.—Be assured!You’ll be amazed at what ________ accomplished when you get back.(2016·南通三模,25)A.will have been

      C.was

      答案 A 解析 句意為:——我希望我不在的時候你能夠好好努力。——請放心!當你回來的時候,你會對我完成的事情感到吃驚。本題中when you get back是用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,那么get back是發(fā)生在將來的動作,根據(jù)語境可知,當你回來的時候我已經(jīng)完成了,故應用將來完成時。19.—Tom,you look worried.Anything I can do for you?

      B.has been D.would be B.had wondered D.have wondered —I ________ if you could give me a three-day leave to look after my baby in hospital.(2016·南通、揚州、泰州調(diào)研,35)A.had wondered

      C.would wonder

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——湯姆,你看起來很擔心,需要我為你做些什么嗎?——我剛才正在想你能否給我三天假來照顧我住院的小孩。這是一個賓語從句,根據(jù)句意可知,我剛才正在考慮這件事,符合交際用語的特點,故B正確。

      20.When you visit our town next August,a modern sports center ________,for the National Games are to be held then.A.will be constructing B.has been constructing C.will have been constructed D.is being constructed 答案 C 解析 句意為:到明年八月份你來參觀我們鎮(zhèn)的時候,一個現(xiàn)代化的體育中心將已經(jīng)完工,因為全國運動會將在那時舉行。根據(jù)時間狀語next August可知construct應該在將來;另外到那個時候?qū)⑴e行全國運動會,體育中心應該已經(jīng)完工,應用將來完成時的被動結(jié)構(gòu),故選C項。

      B.was wondering D.have wondered

      第二篇:2018年江蘇高考英語專題一語法知識:第4講動詞與動詞短語

      第4講 動詞與動詞短語

      1.Working with the medical team in Africa has_____ the best in her as a doctor.(2017·江蘇,25)A.held out

      C.picked out 答案 B 解析 句意為:在非洲與醫(yī)療隊的合作使她作為一名醫(yī)生的最佳素質(zhì)彰顯了出來。hold out伸出,堅持;bring out使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出;pick out挑選出,辨認出;give out分發(fā),發(fā)出。2.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ________ your year ahead.(2017·江蘇,30)A.shape

      C.stretch

      答案 A 解析 句意為:到了年底,快速回顧一下自己的成功和失敗,這會有助于你為未來的一年做好規(guī)劃。shape影響(某事物的發(fā)展),符合語境。switch轉(zhuǎn)換,轉(zhuǎn)變;stretch變大,拉長;sharpen使變鋒利,使增強。

      3.Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter ________,get married,and have kids.(2017·天津,5)A.settle down

      C.get up

      答案 A 解析 句意為:布朗夫婦希望看到女兒安頓下來(settle down),結(jié)婚成家,生兒育女。keep off使避開,不接近;get up起床,站起來;cut in插嘴,打斷別人說話。

      4.He did not ________ easily,but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016·江蘇,25)A.a(chǎn)pproach

      C.compromise

      答案 C 解析 句意為:他不輕易妥協(xié),但他很樂意接受對一項崇高事業(yè)的任何建設性的建議。compromise妥協(xié),符合句意。

      5.Many businesses started up by college students have ________ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(2016·江蘇,30)

      B.wrestle D.communicate B.keep off D.cut in B.switch D.sharpen B.brought out D.given out A.fallen off

      C.turned off

      答案 B

      B.taken off D.left off 解析 句意為:由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,許多大學生的創(chuàng)業(yè)項目已經(jīng)成功。take off成功,起飛,符合句意。fall off跌落,下降;turn off關掉;leave off停止(做)某事,戒掉,均不符合題意。6.Parents should actively urge their children to ________ the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016·江蘇,33)A.gain admission to

      C.take advantage of

      答案 C 解析 句意為:父母應積極督促孩子抓住機會加入運動隊。take advantage of利用,符合句意。gain admission to獲準進入;keep track of與……保持聯(lián)系;give rise to引起,導致,均不符合題意。

      7.We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite,rather than ________ us.(2016·浙江,8)A.divide

      C.control

      答案 A 解析 句意為:當我們學會求同存異,而非對立分歧時,我們會收獲頗多。divide分開;reject拒絕;control控制;abandon放棄,拋棄。根據(jù)句意可知選A。

      8.When their children lived far away from them,these old people felt ________ from the world.(2016·浙江,12)A.carried away

      C.cut off

      答案 C 解析 句意為:當孩子們住得離他們很遠時,這些老人們感覺與外界隔離了。carry away帶走,奪走;break down拋錨,垮掉;cut off切斷,隔離;bring up撫養(yǎng),提出。根據(jù)句意可知選C。

      9.When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for the one that ________ my interest.(2016·浙江,14)A.limited

      C.reflected

      答案 C 解析 句意為:當最后決定選一門課程時,我決定申請那門反映我興趣的課程。reflect反映,B.reserved D.spoiled B.broken down D.brought up B.reject D.a(chǎn)bandon B.keep track of D.give rise to 體現(xiàn),符合語境。limit限制;reserve預訂,保留;spoil毀掉,溺愛。

      10.Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ________ her opinion on the subject.(2016·天津,8)A.gave voice to

      C.turned a deaf ear to

      答案 A 解析 句意為:瑪麗在討論初期保持了沉默,但最終還是提出了對這一話題的看法。give voice to意為“表達對……的想法”,符合語境。keep an eye on照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to對……充耳不聞;set foot on進入,參觀。

      11.I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to ________ a conversation with her.(2016·天津,14)A.carry on

      C.turn down

      答案 A 解析 句意為:我討厭工作時她給我打電話——我一直很忙,沒時間與她進行談話。carry on意為“進行,繼續(xù)”,符合語境。break into打斷,闖入;turn down調(diào)低,拒絕;cut off停止,中斷。

      12.Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to ________ to their greatest potential.(2015·江蘇,22)A.a(chǎn)ccelerate

      C.perform

      答案 D 解析 句意為:學校應該是鼓勵個人發(fā)展他們最大潛力的、充滿活力的地方。accelerate加速;improve改善;perform執(zhí)行;develop發(fā)展。

      13.The university started some new language programs to ________ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.(2015·江蘇,27)A.a(chǎn)pply to

      C.a(chǎn)ppeal to

      答案 B 解析 句意為:大學開始開設一些新的語言項目,以迎合國家的絲綢之路經(jīng)濟帶。apply to 適用于,申請;cater for 迎合,滿足所需;appeal to 呼吁,上訴;hunt for 搜尋。

      14.The whole team ________ Cristiano Ronaldo,and he seldom lets them down.(2015·江蘇,29)A.wait on

      C.count on

      B.focus on D.call on B.cater for D.hunt for B.improve D.develop B.break into D.cut off B.kept an eye on D.set foot on 答案 C 解析 句意為:整個球隊依靠克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多,而他很少讓他們失望。wait on 服侍,等待;focus on 集中于,關注;count on依靠,指望;call on 拜訪,號召,呼吁。15.Studies have shown that the right and left ear ________ sound differently.(2015·浙江,5)A.produce

      C.process

      答案 C 解析 句意為:研究表明左右耳處理聲音的方式不同。process加工,處理,符合語境。produce生產(chǎn),制作,創(chuàng)作;pronounce發(fā)音;download下載。

      16.If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able to ________ on the sea?(2015·浙江,16)A.float

      C.shrink

      答案 A 解析 句意為:如果鋼鐵比水重的話,那為什么輪船能夠浮在海面上?float漂浮,符合語境。drown淹沒,(使)溺死;shrink(使)收縮,(使)縮小;split(使)裂開,(使)破裂。17.If you come to visit China,you will________ a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015·安徽,22)A.develop

      C.substitute

      答案 D 解析 句意為:如果你來訪問中國,你將體驗到有著驚人的深度和多元化的文化。develop開發(fā);create創(chuàng)造;substitute替代;experience經(jīng)歷,體驗。

      18.The team are working hard to ________ the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015·湖北,23)A.face

      C.raise

      答案 D 解析 句意為:這個團隊正在努力分析這個問題,以便他們能找到最好的解決方法。根據(jù)題干中的find the best solution可知,在找到最好的解決方法之前應該是先努力“分析(analyze)”問題。face面對;prevent阻止;raise提高。

      19.In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards to ________ that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015·湖北,24)A.whisper

      C.declare

      B.signal D.complain B.prevent D.a(chǎn)nalyze B.create D.experience B.drown D.split B.pronounce D.download 答案 B 解析 句意為:為了不讓別人聽到自己的聲音,她豎起手指示意有人正在樓上走動。根據(jù)題干中的pointed her finger upwards可知,她只是豎起手指示意,并沒有出聲。signal意為“示意”,所以答案選B項。whisper低語;declare宣布;complain抱怨。

      20.If you have any doubts about your health,you’d better________ your doctor at once.(2015·天津,11)A.convince

      C.a(chǎn)void

      答案 B 解析 句意為:如果你對自己的健康狀況有所懷疑的話,你最好馬上咨詢醫(yī)生。consult請教,咨詢,找(醫(yī)生)診治,符合語境。convince使相信,使明白;avoid避免;affect影響。

      B.consult D.a(chǎn)ffect

      1.有些動詞,如feel,look,taste等,既可用作系動詞,又可用作實義動詞,怎么判斷呢?系動詞常跟形容詞作表語;實義動詞則常用副詞作狀語;系動詞一般不用進行時,但在表示語意客氣、生動、親切時,可用進行時。The newly-invented drinking tastes quite unique.這種新研制的飲料嘗起來挺獨特的。(系動詞)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.廚師正在仔細地品嘗這條魚。(實義動詞)2.run out/run out of的區(qū)別:run out是不及物動詞短語,無被動語態(tài),主語通常是表示時間、食物、金錢等的名詞;run out of是及物動詞短語,相當于use up,主語通常為人。My money ran out.我的錢花完了。I ran out of my money.我把錢花完了。

      3.具體語境中對動詞“熟詞生義”的考查。如下列單詞的“熟詞生義”:

      ache渴望;address在……上寫地址;appreciate理解,意識到;count有價值;cover足以支付;develop逐漸形成;draw推斷出;escape被忘掉;fail使失望,衰退;invite招致;observe遵守,慶祝;push督促;promise預示;part分手,放棄;read寫著;relate講述;say假設;walk遛等。

      4.常見的基礎詞匯如get,take,put,break,look,call等構(gòu)成的短語一直是高考考查的重點。如:If the new safety system had been put to use,the accident would never have happened.句中put...to use是固定搭配,意為“利用/使用……”。As their children lived far away from them,these old people felt cut off from the world.此句中的cut off意為“隔絕,隔離”。

      1.Roger trained hard for the tournament for months,but unfortunately he had to ________ due to a knee injury.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,32)A.pull out

      C.try out

      答案 A 解析 句意為:Roger為了這次錦標賽艱苦訓練了好幾個月,但不幸的是,由于膝傷,他不得不退出。work out計算出,鍛煉;try out試驗,選拔;give out散發(fā),分發(fā),用完。pull out退出,(使)離開,符合語境,故選A項。

      2.If you want to go further in the new sport,the best way is to ________ and practise more frequently.(2017·南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,22)A.dive in C.catch on

      答案 A 解析 句意為:如果你想在這項新的運動上走得更遠,最好的方法就是熱切地投入和更加頻繁地練習。dive in熱切地加入,符合句意。drop out退出,輟學;catch on流行起來;spring up突然出現(xiàn)。故選A項。

      3.If you manage to survive the crisis,think about how it will help you ________ new challenges.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,30)A.give up

      C.hold up

      答案 B 解析 句意為:如果你設法在危機中幸存下來,思考一下它將如何幫助你接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。take up接受,拿起,舉起,占據(jù)(空間或時間),開始從事,符合句意。give up放棄;hold up舉起,支撐,耽擱,延誤;put up舉起,升起,設立,建造,提供住宿,張貼,懸掛。故選B項。4.You wouldn’t normally ________ these two writers;their styles are completely different.(2017·泰州中學摸底考試,27)A.distinguish

      C.a(chǎn)djust

      答案 B 解析 句意為:你通常不會把這兩位作家聯(lián)系在一起,他們的風格完全不同。associate把……聯(lián)系在一起,使有關系,符合題意。distinguish區(qū)別,區(qū)分;adjust調(diào)整,校準;divorce離婚,使分離。

      B.a(chǎn)ssociate D.divorce B.take up D.put up B.drop out D.spring up B.work out D.give out 5.Sharing a flat with someone helps ease one’s loneliness,but living alone ________ me,for I can play music as loud as I want.(2017·泰州中學摸底考試,30)A.caters to

      C.a(chǎn)ppeals to

      答案 C 解析 句意為:和某人共享一個公寓有助于緩解孤獨感,但獨居對我更有吸引力,因為我可以將音樂播放到我想要的那樣響。appeal to sb.對某人有吸引力,符合句意。cater to款待,為……服務;refer to參考,指的是;respond to響應,回應。

      6.As its economy is maturing,China’s ________ a greater role in critical issues like climate and development.(2017·南京三模,30)A.defining

      C.guaranteeing

      答案 B 解析 句意為:隨著經(jīng)濟的成熟,在像氣候和發(fā)展那樣的重要問題上中國正在承擔更大的作用。define定義,使明確;guarantee保證,擔保;assure保證,確保。均不符合語境。assume承擔,呈現(xiàn),假定,認為,assume a greater role承擔更大的作用,符合題意,故選B項。7.The recently released film Kong:Skull Island successfully ________ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2017·南京三模,35)A.transports

      C.transforms

      答案 A 解析 句意為:最近上映的電影《金剛·骷髏島》成功地用杜比三維立體技術(shù)把觀眾帶入了這次冒險經(jīng)歷中。adjust調(diào)節(jié),適應;transform使改觀,使變形;relate聯(lián)系,均不符合語境。transport在此處表示“使產(chǎn)生身臨其境的感覺”,符合語境,故選A項。

      8.In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app,students can ________ a particular experiment before doing them in a real lab.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,29)A.reveal

      C.preview

      答案 C 解析 句意為:在用虛擬現(xiàn)實應用程序創(chuàng)設的虛擬實驗室環(huán)境中,學生們可以在真正的實驗室實驗之前預先進行某個特定的實驗。根據(jù)before doing them in a real lab可知,此處指預先進行實驗,preview預展,預演,符合語境。故選C項。

      9.The Palace of Versailles,F(xiàn)rance’s national treasure,has ________ many changes in its century-long history while keeping its beauty.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,23)

      B.reserve D.provide B.a(chǎn)djusts D.relates B.a(chǎn)ssuming D.a(chǎn)ssuring B.refers to D.responds to A.gone through

      C.led to

      答案 A

      B.taken on D.showed off 解析 句意為:凡爾賽宮,法國的國寶,在它一個世紀的歷史中,經(jīng)歷了許多變化卻依然美麗。take on呈現(xiàn),接納;lead to導致;show off炫耀。go through經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受,此處注意動賓搭配,go through changes經(jīng)歷變化,符合語境,故選A項。

      10.Owing to The Chinese Poetry Competition,publications on classical Chinese literature are ________ a significant share of storage space at the bookstore.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,31)A.taking up

      C.breaking up

      答案 A 解析 句意為:得益于《中國詩詞大會》節(jié)目的播出,有關中國經(jīng)典文學的出版物占據(jù)了書店存儲空間的重要位置。take up占據(jù);divide up分割;break up解散;put up提出。根據(jù)句意可知,答案為A。

      11.Friendship does not merely ________ a sharing of activities;it is a sharing of self on a very personal level.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,23)A.involve

      C.a(chǎn)ssociate

      答案 A 解析 句意為:友誼并不僅僅包含一起參加活動;它還是一種從非常個人的角度對自我的分享。involve包含,需要,使成為必然部分(或結(jié)果),符合句意。request要求,請求;associate聯(lián)系,聯(lián)想;deliver遞送,運送,發(fā)表(講話),接生。

      12.I think the experiment supports my theory,but I need to ________ the results a couple of times to make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,27)A.get over

      C.hand over

      答案 D 解析 句意為:我認為這個實驗支持我的理論,但是我需要仔細檢查幾次結(jié)果以確保在收集數(shù)據(jù)的時候沒有犯錯。go over仔細檢查,溫習,復習,符合句意。get over克服,戰(zhàn)勝,恢復;take over接收,接管,控制;hand over交給,遞給,移交。13.—I regret to tell you that the council did not ________ our plan.—Oh,what a shame!(2017·南京、鹽城一模,29)A.smile on

      C.see through

      B.concentrate on D.live through B.take over D.go over B.request D.deliver B.dividing up D.putting up 答案 A 解析 句意為:——我遺憾地告訴你委員會不贊同我們的計劃。——哦,真可惜!smile on對……加以稱贊,對……青睞,符合句意。concentrate on專心于……,集中精力在……上;see through看穿,識破;live through經(jīng)歷過,經(jīng)受住,經(jīng)歷……而幸存。

      14.The computer program of the 1970s was unable to ________ between letters and numbers.(2017·南通一模,31)A.discriminate

      C.negotiate

      答案 A 解析 句意為:20世紀70年代的電腦程序無法區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字。discriminate歧視,區(qū)別,辨別;conclude斷定,結(jié)束;negotiate協(xié)商,談判;compensate彌補,補償。discriminate between letters and numbers區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字,符合題意,故選A項。15.—He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal.—Yes,but he didn’t ________.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,25)A.make his way

      C.give his way

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——他本可以對我們施加壓力來采納他的提議?!堑?,但是他并沒有為所欲為。make one’s way前進,行進;get one’s way隨心所欲,為所欲為;沒有g(shù)ive one’s way這種形式,只有g(shù)ive way to “給……讓路,被……所取代”;feel one’s way摸索著前進。根據(jù)句意選B項。

      16.A recent research shows smoking and drinking ________ with your body’s ability to process oxygen,thus greatly affecting your health.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,27)A.identify

      C.combine

      答案 D 解析 句意為:最近一項研究顯示,吸煙和飲酒影響你身體吸收氧氣的能力,從而極大地影響你的健康。identify確定;correspond對應;combine結(jié)合;interfere干擾。故選D。17.AlphaGo’s beating Go grandmaster Lee Sedol 4-1 has ________ an international debate about whether robots will completely take the place of humans.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,29)A.given off B.worked out C.set off D.put out 答案 C 解析 句意為:人工智能機器人阿爾法圍棋以4:1打敗圍棋大師李世石引發(fā)了一場關于機器人是否將完全取代人類的國際爭論。give off發(fā)出;work out算出;set off動身,引起;put out

      B.correspond D.interfere B.get his way D.feel his way B.conclude D.compensate 熄滅。故選C。

      18.In time of anger,do yourself a favor by ________ it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,25)A.releasing

      C.refreshing

      答案 A 解析 句意為:在氣憤時心疼一下自己,找個僻靜處散散心,宣泄宣泄,不要讓那些無名之火傷到自己。release釋放;recover恢復,再生;refresh恢復精神;recycle回收利用。19.You are not ________ to unemployment benefit if you have never worked.A.a(chǎn)ccustomed

      C.entitled

      答案 C 解析 句意為:如果你從來沒有工作過的話,就沒有資格享受失業(yè)救濟金。accustom使習慣;resign辭職;submit屈服,投降。entitle使符合資格,entitle sb.to sth.使某人有……的資格或權(quán)利,符合語境,故選C項。

      20.By applying the theory to the problem,we can brush away the details and ________ simple patterns.A.release

      C.reveal

      答案 C 解析 句意為:通過把這個理論應用于這個問題,我們能夠去除細節(jié),使簡單的模式顯現(xiàn)出來。release釋放,發(fā)布;reject拒絕,排斥;replace代替。reveal顯示,揭示,符合題意,故選C項。

      B.reject D.replace B.resigned D.submitted B.recovering D.recycling

      第三篇:2018年江蘇高考英語專題一語法知識:第2講非謂語動詞

      第2講 非謂語動詞

      1.Many Chinese brands,________ their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.(2017·江蘇,21)A.having developed

      C.developed

      答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。句意為:很多中國品牌歷經(jīng)幾個世紀樹立了聲譽,它們正面臨著當代市場帶來的新挑戰(zhàn)。“________their reputations over centuries”在句中作狀語,修飾整個句子。句子主語many Chinese brands與動詞develop之間是主動關系,且句中有延續(xù)性的時間狀語over centuries,這里應該用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示主動和延續(xù)性的動作,因此選A。

      2.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ their valuable time.(2017·北京,27)A.save

      C.to save

      答案 C 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語。句意為:現(xiàn)在許多航空公司允許乘客在網(wǎng)上打印登機牌以節(jié)約他們寶貴的時間。不定式短語to save their valuable time在句中作目的狀語。

      3.The national park has a large collection of wildlife,________ from butterflies to elephants.(2017·北京,30)A.ranging

      C.to range

      答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語。句意為:國家公園有一大批野生生物,從蝴蝶到大象都有。range from...to...從??到??(的范圍)。a large collection of wildlife與range之間是主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

      4.Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time ____ with his students.(2017·北京,32)

      B.range D.ranged B.saving D.saved

      B.being developed D.developing A.to spend

      C.spending

      答案 D

      B.spend D.spent

      解析 考查過去分詞短語作定語。句意為:吉姆已經(jīng)退休了,但他仍然記得和學生們一起度過的快樂時光。time與spend之間是被動關系,故此處用過去分詞形式。

      5.I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train ________.(2017·天津,10)A.catching

      C.to catch

      答案 C 解析 考查不定式作定語。句意為:整個會議期間,我一直在看時間,因為我要趕火車。結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示將要發(fā)生的動作,且catch與a train是動賓關系,故用動詞不定式作定語,用主動形式表被動意義。

      6.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,________ more patients to be treated.(2017·天津,14)A.being allowed

      C.having allowed

      答案 B 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。句意為:醫(yī)院最近獲得了新的醫(yī)療設備,從而使更多的病人能夠得到治療。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語,故選B項。

      7.In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.(2016·江蘇,28)A.to hide

      C.hiding

      答案 B 解析 考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意為:在藝術(shù)評論中,你得假設藝術(shù)家藏了一個秘密信息在作品中。句中message與hide是被動關系,故要用過去分詞作后置定語。

      8.________ it easier to get in touch with us,you’d better keep this card at hand.(2016·北京,26)A.Made

      C.Making

      答案 D

      B.Make D.To make B.hidden D.being hidden B.a(chǎn)llowing D.a(chǎn)llowed B.caught D.to be caught 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語。句意為:為了更容易地和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系,你最好把這張名片卡放在手邊。由本句話的后半句可知,make的邏輯主語為you,you與make之間為邏輯上的主謂關系,結(jié)合句意可知,非謂語動詞在這里作目的狀語,故選D。

      9.________ over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016·北京,28)A.Ordering

      C.Having ordered

      答案 D 解析 考查過去分詞短語作狀語。句意為:那些書一周前已經(jīng)預定了,現(xiàn)在有望隨時到貨。order與其邏輯主語the books之間為邏輯上的動賓關系,故選D。

      10.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,________ air conditioning unnecessary.(2016·天津,4)A.making

      C.made

      答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。句意為:涼爽的風通過我們臥室的窗戶吹進來,沒有必要吹空調(diào)了。題中swept是謂語動詞,所以make只能用非謂語動詞形式;句子主語the cooling wind與make是主動關系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語,表示自然而然的結(jié)果。11.To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study ________ in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江,10)A.having conducted

      C.conducting

      答案 D 解析 考查過去分詞短語作定語。句意為:為了再討論一下水污染的問題,我想讓大家看一項2012年在澳大利亞進行的研究。分析句子成分可知,句中沒有連詞,所以空處用非謂語動詞,且 a study和 conduct 構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關系,所以用過去分詞作后置定語。12.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do_______with students.(2016·浙江,19)A.working

      C.to work

      答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作補足語。句意為:航海的樂趣與我現(xiàn)在和學生一起上課的樂趣一樣多。

      B.work D.worked B.to be conducted D.conducted B.to make D.being made B.To order D.Ordered 題干中的do指代前面的have fun,have fun doing sth.做某事很開心,是固定搭配,故選A。13.Much time ________ sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(2015·江蘇,24)A.being spent

      C.spent

      答案 C 解析 考查獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為:長時間坐在辦公桌前,辦公室職員通常被健康問題所困擾。time 與spend之間構(gòu)成被動關系,故用過去分詞形式。

      14.________ for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015·天津,8)A.To work

      C.To be working

      答案 D 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。句意為:工作了兩天后,史蒂夫設法準時完成了報告。work與其邏輯主語Steve之間為主謂關系,故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式;同時work的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作managed to finish之前,故要用完成時。

      15.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,________ whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南,30)A.wondering

      C.to wonder

      答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。句意為:那名店員看到一張友善的臉,臉上因歉意的微笑布滿了皺紋,這時她愣在了那里,琢磨著是走還是留。句子的主語she與wonder之間是主動關系,且wonder與主句動作stood是同時發(fā)生的,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。16.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students________ what is bothering them.(2015·湖南,34)A.to talk over

      C.talk over

      答案 A 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語。句意為:有時對我的同學來說我充當了聽眾的角色,以便與他們詳細聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動詞不定式作目的狀語。

      B.talked over D.having talked over B.wonder D.wondered B.Worked D.Having worked B.having spent D.spending 17.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way ________ the sun and the stars.(2015·重慶,11)A.used

      C.using

      答案 C 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。句意為:就像古時候的水手一樣,鳥能利用太陽和星星找到它們的路。根據(jù)語境,use與其邏輯主語birds之間為主動關系,且use表示的動作與主句謂語動作find同時發(fā)生。故用v.-ing形式的一般式。

      18.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it __________ live is quite another.(2015·浙江,18)A.perform

      C.to perform

      答案 D 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作補足語。句意為:在家聽音樂是一回事,去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂完全是另外一回事。題干中含有“hear+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語it(指代music)與perform之間存在被動關系,且此處表示去現(xiàn)場聽正在被演奏的音樂,故應用being performed作賓語補足語。

      19.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother________ good care of at home.(2015·陜西,18)A.taking

      C.take

      答案 B 解析 考查過去分詞作補足語。句意為:李博士在非洲進行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務,回來后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。此處是“see+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語補足語可以是do,doing或者done。若賓語與補語之間是主動關系,且強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程,用省略to的動詞不定式,即do;若賓語與補語之間是主動關系,且強調(diào)動作正在進行,用doing;若賓語與補語之間是被動關系,用過去分詞作賓補。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動關系,故選B項。

      20.________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015·安徽,27)A.Ignore

      B.Ignoring B.taken D.be taken B.performing D.being performed B.having used D.use C.Ignored

      答案 B

      D.Having ignored 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作主語。句意為:忽視這兩個研究結(jié)果的不同將是你犯的最嚴重的錯誤之一。從will be one of the worst mistakes you make來看,will的前面部分是主語,因此用v.-ing短語作主語。分詞的完成式不能作主語。

      一、??伎键c

      1.在“句子,非句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中,非句子部分用非謂語

      The teacher devoted his life to his career,making most of his students successful in study.這位老師把他的一生都奉獻給了他的事業(yè),使他的大部分學生在學習上取得了成功。2.在“非句子,句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中,非句子部分用非謂語 Having worked with children,I know what is needed most.和孩子一起工作后,我知道什么是最需要的。

      3.在“with+賓語+賓語補足語”結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語補足語可能用非謂語動詞 With her baby sleeping on her back,the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.這位婦女在打掃富人的房子,她的孩子正睡在她的背上。

      4.在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear...等使役動詞或感官動詞后面作賓語補足語時,也可能用非謂語動詞

      His sister was made to cry by his taking away her toy.他拿走了妹妹的玩具,把妹妹弄哭了。

      二、易錯點梳理

      1.表面上考分詞,實際上考形容詞的情況 The man won a big prize,surprised and happy.他中了大獎,又驚喜又快樂。

      句中surprised形式上是過去分詞,但已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,在句中作狀語(或主語補足語)。2.在“被動形式表主動”情況中出題

      Dressed in a white skirt,the girl looks like an angel.穿著白色裙子,這個女孩看上去像天使。

      dressed是過去分詞,但它沒有被動的意思,而表示“穿著”這一主動意義。3.在“主動形式表被動”的情況中出題

      Looking tired and weak,the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.這位婦女看起來又累又虛弱,她應該請一天假去看醫(yī)生。look在本題中為感官動詞,感官動詞在非謂語中用主動表被動。4.從“主語一致或主語不一致”角度出題

      用逗號隔開的前后兩部分的邏輯主語有時一致,有時不一致。邏輯主語不一致時,非謂語動詞一般要自帶邏輯主語,從而構(gòu)成“分詞的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。Seen from this angle,the mountain looks like a face of a man.從這個角度看,這座山看起來像一個人的臉。

      Time permitting,I’ll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.時間允許的話,明天下午我就和你一起去那里。

      5.在“and/or/but+句子”的并列句結(jié)構(gòu)中,可能會考查“以動詞原形開頭”的祈使句,四個選項表面上像非謂語,其實考查的是謂語。Study hard or you will fail in the exam.努力學習,否則你會考試不及格的。

      1.Many natural disasters took place across the country,________ severe losses on people’s life and property.(2017·南通一模,28)A.to have brought

      C.only to bring

      答案 B 解析 句意為:很多自然災害發(fā)生在全國各地,結(jié)果給人們的生命和財產(chǎn)帶來了嚴重的損失。根據(jù)語境可知,設空處應為結(jié)果狀語。only to do作結(jié)果狀語時,表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,不符合本題語境;自然災害的發(fā)生造成生命財產(chǎn)的損失是自然而然的結(jié)果,應用現(xiàn)在分詞,故選B項。

      2.“President Xi and Saudi Arabian King’s talks,” the spokesman continued,“ ________ to several hot issues,witness the friendship of the two countries.”(2017·華庚中學測試,31)A.refer

      C.having referred

      B.referring D.referred B.only bringing D.having brought 答案 B 解析 句意為:發(fā)言人繼續(xù)說道,“習主席和沙特阿拉伯國王提及幾個熱點問題的會談見證了兩國的友誼?!?根據(jù)語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應是非謂語動詞作定語修飾talks,talks與refer to...之間存在主動關系,用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,故選B項。

      3.The Three-Body Problem has quickly become the best-selling Asian work of literature on Amazon.com,________ that China also has a successful science fiction scene.(2017·宿遷青華中學月考,29)A.proving

      C.to be proved

      答案 A 解析 句意為:《三體》迅速成為亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上最暢銷的亞洲文學作品,這證明中國也有成功的科幻小說。proving that...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語,其邏輯主語是前面的整個句子。故選A。

      4.To the couple’s great surprise,the house was in a mess as if ________.(2017·南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,23)A.breaking into

      C.broken into

      答案 C 解析 句意為:令這對夫婦非常吃驚的是,屋子里一片狼藉,仿佛被強行闖入過。分析句子成分可知,主語the house與break into之間為被動關系,即the house was in a mess as if(it was)broken into,故選C項。5.—What’s the matter with Tim? —Oh,Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally,never ________ again.(2017·宿遷青華中學月考,24)A.to find

      C.finding

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——Tim怎么了?——噢,他的手機不小心忘在出租車上,再也找不回來了。Tim’s cell phone和find之間是被動關系,且find的動作在謂語動詞動作之后,故用動詞不定式的一般被動式,故答案為B。

      B.to be found D.being found B.having broken into D.being broken into B.to prove D.will prove 6.In a diverse society,one would expect ________ multiple interpretations of rights.(2017·啟東中學月考,32)A.it being

      C.there being

      答案 D 解析 句意為:在一個多樣化的社會,一個人總是期望對于權(quán)利有多種解釋。此處考查的是expect一詞的非謂語動詞用法,即sb.expect sb.to do sth.以及其與there be句式的混合考法,即生成expect there to be的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項。

      7.The water was now two feet deep,making it difficult,if not impossible,________ the car out.(2017·南京九中模擬,22)A.getting

      C.to get

      答案 C 解析 句意為:水現(xiàn)在有兩英尺深,即使有可能,也很難把汽車弄出來。動詞不定式作真正的賓語,it是形式賓語,difficult是補足語,故答案為C。

      8.Adapted versions of foreign shows have gained massive audiences,thus ________ more Chinese television groups to buy foreign materials.(2017·南京學情調(diào)研,28)A.to inspire

      C.inspired

      答案 B 解析 句意為:根據(jù)外國的節(jié)目改編的版本獲得了大量的觀眾,從而激勵更多的中國電視集團購買國外的素材。分析句子成分可知,逗號前面為主句,其后為非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語。結(jié)合句意以及thus可知空格處表示自然而然的結(jié)果,故選B項。

      9.The white building,________ threats to pull it down,is now a private house in the possession of a retired professor.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,11)A.to survive

      C.surviving

      答案 D 解析 句意為:在險些被拆除后,那棟白色建筑現(xiàn)在是一位退休教授的私人房屋。根據(jù)句意可知,空格處為非謂語動詞作時間狀語。the white building與survive之間應為主動關系且

      B.survived D.having survived B.inspiring D.having inspired B.got D.get B.it to be D.there to be survive先于句子謂語動作發(fā)生,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語,相當于after引導的時間狀語從句,故選D項。

      10.Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government,the rest ________ from the coming charity concerts.(2017·南通、揚州、泰州、淮安三模,31)A.to be collected

      C.being collected

      答案 A 解析 句意為:大多數(shù)重建那個遭受地震破壞的城鎮(zhèn)的錢已由政府募集,余下的將來自即將到來的慈善音樂會的募捐。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號后不能構(gòu)成句子,應用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。the rest與collect之間存在被動關系;根據(jù)the coming charity concerts可知,余下的錢將通過音樂會被募捐,應用動詞不定式的被動結(jié)構(gòu),故選A項。

      11.Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices ________ in the world.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,28)A.heard

      C.hearing

      答案 A 解析 句意為:女性值得被有尊嚴地對待,她們應該讓她們的呼聲被世界聽到。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處為賓補,make后常用不帶to的不定式作賓補,排除D項;賓語voices與hear之間為被動關系,應用過去分詞heard,故選A項。

      12.A wise mother will never get herself into the state of her children ________ to the slightest possibility of danger.(2017·泰州中學摸底考試,26)A.exposed

      C.being exposed

      答案 C 解析 句意為:明智的母親決不會讓她的孩子置身于一丁點兒危險之中。介詞of后跟動名詞作賓語,her children是動名詞的邏輯主語,且her children和expose之間是被動關系,故用動名詞的被動式,所以正確答案為C。

      13.Laughter produces short-term changes in the function of the heart and blood circulation,________ heart rate and oxygen consumption.(2017·南京三模,25)

      B.exposing D.to be exposed B.having heard D.to be heard

      B.having been collected D.to have been collected A.increasing

      C.having increased

      答案 A

      B.to increase D.being increased 解析 句意為:笑會使心臟功能和血液循環(huán)產(chǎn)生短期的變化,增加心率和氧氣的消耗。根據(jù)語境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設空處應是非謂語動詞作結(jié)果狀語,increase帶有賓語,為主動形式,此處應用現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結(jié)果,故選A項。

      14.—Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California?

      —It implies that drug users find themselves ________ in a prison from which they cannot escape.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,28)A.to be trapped

      C.trapped

      答案 C 解析 句意為:——你能告訴我《加州旅館》這首歌中的“你隨時可以退房,但你永遠無法離去”這句歌詞是什么意思嗎?——它暗示了吸毒者發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己被困在了一個他們無法逃脫的監(jiān)獄里。分析句子成分可知,themselves與trap之間為被動關系,故選C項。15.—Sharon,why is the man so upset now? —His wallet,mobile phone and ID card ________,the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,27)A.was stolen

      C.being stolen

      答案 B 解析 句意為:——Sharon,為什么那個人現(xiàn)在那么沮喪?——他的錢包、手機和身份證都被偷了,警察正在調(diào)查而且要把他送到社會救助站。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設空處所在部分為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),his wallet,mobile phone and ID card與steal之間存在被動關系。being stolen表示正在被偷,與題意不符,應該是已經(jīng)被偷了,故選B項。

      16.________ a record-breaking seven Golden Globes,the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.(2017·南京、鹽城二模,33)A.Winning

      C.Having won

      B.Won D.To win B.stolen D.having stolen B.having trapped D.trapping 答案 C 解析 句意為:在獲得了破紀錄的七個金球獎之后,音樂劇《愛樂之城》卻出人意料地沒有吸引中國的觀眾。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處表示的動作先于句子謂語動作發(fā)生,即贏得獎項在先,不吸引中國觀眾在后。having won為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,此處作時間狀語,表示動作先于謂語動作發(fā)生,故選C項。

      17.—What does Nicky’s job involve as a public relations director? —________ quite a lot of time with other people.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,29)A.Spending

      C.To spend

      答案 A 解析 句意為:——Nicky作為公共關系總監(jiān)要做什么事呢?——花很多時間和別人在一起。第二個說話人針對問題中的what進行回答,空格處應用動名詞短語,故選A項。

      18.________ on the cyberspace issue in a speech at a welcoming dinner in Seattle,Xi Jinping called on all countries to cooperate and draw up Internet policies corresponding with their national conditions.(2016·蘇州一模,26)A.Touched

      C.Touch

      答案 B 解析 句意為:在西雅圖的歡迎宴會的講話中習近平談及網(wǎng)絡空間的問題時,他號召所有國家合作制定與國情相符的網(wǎng)絡政策。句子主語Xi Jinping與touch on(談及,涉及)之間存在主動關系,應用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。

      19.There are always some obstacles in the way,something ________ before we realize the real goal of education.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,26)A.to be got through B.got through C.getting through D.having been got through 答案 A 解析 句意為:總有一些障礙在擋路,一些我們實現(xiàn)真正的教育目標前需要克服的東西。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里需要非謂語動詞作定語修飾something,get through意為“克服”,B.Touching D.To touch B.Having spent D.To have spent something與get through間為被動關系;根據(jù)句意可知,“實現(xiàn)真正的教育目標”是將來的事,因此“需要克服的東西”也在將來,故選A。

      20.—A new bridge is reported ________ across the river in your hometown.—Yes,and it brings us great convenience.A.to be building

      C.to have built

      答案 D 解析 句意為:——據(jù)報道一座新橋已經(jīng)被建造在你家鄉(xiāng)的那條河上?!堑?,它給我們帶來很大的便利。根據(jù)答句的時態(tài)可知,橋已經(jīng)被建造好,故設空處應用完成式,又因為bridge與build之間是動賓關系,故應用動詞不定式的完成被動式。故選D項。

      B.to be built D.to have been built

      第四篇:2014高三英語一輪語法練習(6)動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)范文

      (6)動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

      1.(2012·唐山質(zhì)檢)—What's that terrible noise,David?

      —Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.A.were testedB.will be tested

      C.a(chǎn)re being testedD.have been tested

      2.(2012·煙臺檢測)The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________.A.would takeB.a(chǎn)re taken

      C.were being takenD.will be taken

      3.(2012·南京調(diào)研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.A.a(chǎn)re notB.were not

      C.hadn't beenD.wouldn't be

      4.(2012·淮陽檢測)—Monitor?

      —I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A.will just helpB.a(chǎn)m just to help

      C.a(chǎn)m just helpingD.have just helped

      5.(2012·南京檢測)—I hear you________ at Smith's.—Yes,I________ there for about three months.A.work;had been working

      B.worked;was working

      C.a(chǎn)re working;have been working

      D.worked;have worked

      6.(2012·徐州調(diào)研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?

      —Oh,sorry.But I________ the film.A.seeB.saw

      C.have seenD.had seen

      7.A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.A.has been takenB.is being taken

      C.was takenD.had been taken

      8.(2012·汕頭模擬)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me,I ________ five pounds.A.will have lostB.will lose

      C.have lostD.a(chǎn)m losing

      9.(2012·啟東模擬)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?

      —Well,I________ yet.I might make some other choices.A.didn't decideB.haven't decided

      C.don't decideD.hadn't decided

      10.(2012·信陽質(zhì)檢)Mary,I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.A.forgot to doB.forgot doingC.have forgotten to doD.had forgotten doing

      11.—We thought he would have won the game.—What a pity!He ________ too nervous when playing.A.had beenB.has been

      C.wasD.would have been

      12.(2012·長春質(zhì)檢)—When did you move to Sanya?

      —In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.A.has workedB.has been worked

      C.have been workingD.worked

      13.—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?

      —Sorry.My mind ________.A.is wanderingB.was wandering

      C.has wanderedD.has wandered

      14.(2012·荊門二模)—Look!What a mistake!Why?

      —Sorry,I________ on it.A.don't concentrate

      B.hadn't concentrated

      C.haven't been concentrating

      D.wasn't concentrating

      15.(2012·大連二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.A.is drivingB.was driving

      C.droveD.would drive

      16.(2012·南京調(diào)研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?

      —I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.A.don't knowB.didn't know

      C.haven't knowD.won't know

      17.—That must have been a challenging examination.—Yes.It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.A.takesB.took

      C.has takenD.was taking

      18.(2012·漳州模擬)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?

      A.getsB.will get

      C.gotD.has got

      19.(2012·淮陽月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.A.cameB.has come

      C.would comeD.had come

      20.(2012·深圳調(diào)研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.When he was 36, a person was to change his life.A.has workedB.had worked

      C.workedD.works解析:考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的What's that terrible noise 可知,這里應該用進行時態(tài),噪音是機器正在被檢測時發(fā)出的,所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。

      答案:C解析:句意為:襲擊者被捕了,他們不知道正被帶往何處。根據(jù)didn't know 可知,空格處也應該用過去的某種時態(tài),所以B、D不正確;根據(jù)句意可知此處用被動語態(tài),故選C。

      答案:C解析:句意為:人們開始了解到由于在過去沒有采取必要的預防措施從而造成了大多數(shù)的環(huán)境問題。in the past暗示出用過去時態(tài);hadn't been 指在一個過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事情;wouldn't be 表過去將來,故B項正確。

      答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)。下句意為:我只是在幫助老師,直到選出班長為止。根據(jù)上下句語意可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進行時,表示答話者當時所處的狀態(tài)。

      答案:C解析:本題考查時態(tài)。聽說你正在Smith's 上班,因此應該使用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài);我在那里已經(jīng)工作大約三個月了(可能還會持續(xù)下去),因此需要使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)。

      答案:C解析:考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語意可知,這個電影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已經(jīng)看過了,也就是說動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”,因此應該用過去完成時。

      答案:D解析:考查時態(tài)。since(自從)所在的從句用了一般過去時,主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。

      答案:A解析:本題考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為:我已經(jīng)減肥好幾個月了,等下次再見我時,我就會輕五磅。根據(jù)語境知句子要用將來完成時,故A項正確。

      答案:A解析:本題考查動詞時態(tài)。從答語:也許還有別的打算可知,目前還沒有做出決定,故用現(xiàn)在完成時。答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)和非謂語動詞?!癐t is(was)the+序數(shù)詞+time+that從句”,表示“是某人第幾次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面為it is,則that 從句用現(xiàn)在完成時,若前面為it was,則that 從句用過去完成時;而forget to do sth.表示忘了應去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做過某事。根據(jù)語意可知此題應選C。

      答案:C解析:考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為:他當時太緊張了。答語是對過去事實的陳述,用一般過去時。答案:C解析:考查時態(tài)。由題干可知答話人在2008年搬到三亞之前曾在西藏工作過8年,敘述的是過去的事實,故應用一般過去時。

      答案:D解析:考查動詞的時態(tài)。從語境可知“剛才你說話的時候,我走神了”,此處強調(diào)“過去某個時刻正在進行”的狀態(tài),所以用過去進行時,答案選B項。

      答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)。此處表示的是在說話之前的那段時間內(nèi)沒有專心,因此用過去進行時。

      答案:D解析:考查時態(tài)。用過去進行時態(tài)表示過去某段時間正在發(fā)生的事情。司機意識到他正開往錯誤的方向。

      答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)。此處強調(diào)目前的狀況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

      答案:A解析:考查時態(tài)。句中的must have been表示的是對過去情況的肯定推測,可推斷考試發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時態(tài)。

      答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)。when引導一個賓語從句,根據(jù)語意可知此處講的是將來的事情,故用一般將來時態(tài)。

      答案:B解析:考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語soon可知此處用將來時態(tài),本句的主句謂語動詞為一般過去時態(tài),故此處應用過去將來時態(tài)。

      答案:C解析:考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語意可以判斷此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過去時態(tài)。此處不強調(diào)一個動作對另一個動作的影響或動作的先后順序,不用過去完成時。

      答案:C

      第五篇:2012屆高考英語 全國通用考前沖刺押題語法專題系列動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)

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      http://004km.cn 全國通用2012屆高考英語考前沖刺押題語法專題系列動詞時態(tài)和語

      態(tài)

      名師押題:

      一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

      【押題1】With our society developing,the level of life in our eountry greatly recently.

      A.has been rose B.has been raised C.had rose D.rose 【解題指導】此題考查一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別之一:時間狀語不同。一般過去時,常與表示過去時間點的詞連用(表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作);而現(xiàn)在完成時常與表在造成的影響或結(jié)果。因此解題的關鍵是:結(jié)合句意判斷這個動作有無影響。

      【押題指數(shù)】★★★★

      【解析】A。過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響就隱藏在句中:How clean they ale!也就是說你的打掃使得房間清潔,強調(diào)”你的打掃”的影響和結(jié)果,故用現(xiàn)在完成時。

      【押題3】一I haven“seen you for ages.Haven’t you graduated from college?一Yes,——English four’years in Seijing.

      A.study B.have studied C.a(chǎn)m studying D.studied 【解題指導】此題考查一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別之三:過去時與一段時間連用表示動作沒有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;而現(xiàn)在完成時與一段時間連用表示動作持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在。結(jié)合句意判斷動作是否持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在是解題的根本所在。【押題指數(shù)】★★★★

      【解析】D?!癥es”表明“已經(jīng)畢業(yè)”,也就是說,“已不在北京學習”,即動作沒有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故用一般過去時。

      一般過去時與過去進行時的區(qū)別

      一般過去時往往表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成,而過去進行時卻表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成。近三年全國各地區(qū)考查一般過去時與過去進行時的區(qū)別的題目有10道。

      【押題4】I had wanted to help you last night but I couldn’t spare my time,for I

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      http://004km.cn a composition which I had to hand in this morning.

      A.wrote B.was writing C.had written D.have’written 【解題指導】結(jié)合句意判斷動作是否完成是解題的關鍵?!狙侯}指數(shù)】★★★★

      【解析】B。結(jié)合句意”我昨晚想幫你可是抽不出時間,因為昨晚我在寫一篇作文,這

      合考查的。如2010年全國有6個地區(qū)考查了被動語態(tài)的用法。

      【押題6】Clothes made of this material comfortably,but easily. A.wear;aren’t washed B.a(chǎn)re’worn;don’t wash C.wear;don’t wash D.a(chǎn)re worn;aren’t washed 【解題指導】考生要弄清何時用主動形式表被動意義:

      1.表示感覺、感官的系動詞后跟形容詞時。

      2.某些動詞,如sell,write,wash與副詞連用,表示事物的特征時。

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      3.want,need,require表示”需要”時,其后用動名詞的主動形式表達被動意義。幾種將來時間表達法的區(qū)別

      近三年全國各地區(qū)考查將來時間表達法比較的題目多達9道。如2009年江蘇卷考查了will be going to表將來的用法區(qū)別。【押題8】Whatever may happen,go on until you succeed,and you what life is about. A.should know B.must know C.have known D.will know 【解題指導】考生應弄清以下幾種將來時間表達法的區(qū)別:

      1.現(xiàn)在進行時表將來,表示最近按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作,僅用于少數(shù)短暫性動詞。2.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來:在時間和條件狀語從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。

      3.在”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,and/or后的句子用”will+動詞原形”。解題時,考生首先要弄清每一種”將來時間表達法”的適用情境,然后結(jié)合語境作出判斷。【押題指數(shù)】★★★

      【解析】D。此句符合”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu),其中and/or后的句子用”will+動詞原形”,故答案為D。

      【押題9】一Did you tell Julia about the result? 一Oh,I forgot.her now.

      A.called B.will call C.a(chǎn)in going to call D.has called 【解題指導】解題的關鍵是弄清will,be going to表將來的區(qū)別:如果主語的意圖事

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      2、(2012年鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級第一次質(zhì)量預測英語)I can’t believe that you got fined for speeding.I ______ of you as a careful driver.A.think B.a(chǎn)m thinking C.thought D.have thought 【答案】C 【解析】 考查時態(tài)。句意:我難以相信你會因為超速行駛被罰款。我本以為你是一個謹慎的司機。由句意可知,“認為”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時,thought 表示“本以為”。

      3、(北京市東城區(qū)2012屆高三第一學期期末教學統(tǒng)一檢測英語)If you ring the doorbell when visiting our home, you ______ by our dog.A.will be greeted B.will greet C.were greeted 【答案】A D.greeted 【解析】 考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:你來我家如果按響門鈴,我家的狗會迎接你的。在條件狀語從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來,主句用一般將來時。來拜訪應該是被迎

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      5、—Excuse me.but I wonder if Joan is available at 3:30 this afternoon.—I’m afraid she _____________ Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.A.will watch B.will be watching C.is to watch D.is watching 【答案】 B 【解析】考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)問話中的this afternoon可知是將來的時間,語意表示在三點半這個時刻Joan將正在看《哈利波特與魔法石》,所以用將來進行時。

      6、.—I________the book till now.—No worry.You may have left it at home.A.hadn’t found B.don’t find C.won’t find D.haven’t found 【答案】 D 【解析】考查動詞的時態(tài)。由句中的till now可知,此處應該用現(xiàn)在完成時,表示“我的書到現(xiàn)在都沒找到”,所以答案選D項。

      7、—Thank you for your coffee.—But you_______ it.A.didn’t drink B.aren’t drinking C.don’t drink D.hadn’t drunk 【答案】 A 【解析】考查時態(tài)。語意:“謝謝你的咖啡?!薄暗?剛才)并沒有喝?!备鶕?jù)語意可知空處表示的是過去發(fā)生的動作,所以用一般過去時。

      8、(山東省濰坊東營淄博濱州四市2012屆高三聯(lián)考英語)—What do you think of the Eiffel Tower? —Splendid.When I was in France, I ______ it.A.have visited C.could visit B.had visited D.visited 【答案】D 【解析】 考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)答句“當我在法國的時候,我去參觀了”可知去參觀是發(fā)生在過去的事情,故用一般過去時,即D項正確。

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      9、Traffic conditions in Beijing___________ for decades.At first people only complained about jams during rush hours,but today every hour is rush hour. A.is worsening B.have worsened C.have been worsening D.worsened 【答案】 C 【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意:北京的交通狀況幾十年來一直在惡化。起初,人們只是抱怨交通高峰期的堵塞,但是如今每個小時都是高峰期?,F(xiàn)在完成進行時表示這種狀態(tài)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還可能繼續(xù)下去。

      10、By the time he realizes the mistake he ______,it will be too late for him to do anything about it.A.has made B.made C.makes D.will make 【答案】 A 【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意為“在他意識到他所犯的錯誤的時候,再采取任何措施已經(jīng)為時已晚”。顯然,在他意識到犯錯誤的時候,他已經(jīng)犯下錯誤,因此應用現(xiàn)在完成時。

      11、I wonder why Ann didn't get ____ the job.She is the right person for it.A. to be offered B.to offer C.offering D.offered 【答案】D 【解析】考查語意:我不知道為什么 Ann 沒有被提供給這份工作,她是合適的人選。get done 表示被動,Ann 與 offer 之間是動賓關系。故選D項。

      12、—Your spoken English is so good.Have you been abroad? —Yes: I ____ in London for two years.A.have stayed B.stayed C.had stayed D.have been staying 【答案】B

      14、—Have you been teaching here since graduation? —No, I ____ on a farm for 5 years.A.had worked B.have worked C.was working D.worked

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      http://004km.cn 【答案】 D 【解析】考查時態(tài)。因為在農(nóng)場工作五年沒有明顯的截止時間界限,所以屬于持續(xù)了一段時間的過去存在的狀態(tài),要用一般過去時。

      15、—Monitor? —I’m not monitor of our class.I____ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A.will just help B.a(chǎn)m just helping C.a(chǎn)m just to help D.have just helped 【答案】 B 【解析】考查時態(tài)。從“我不是我們班的班長”可知,后邊的句子意思為“我只是暫時幫老師的忙直到班長被選出”。根據(jù)句意,此處表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作,應該用現(xiàn)在進行時。

      16、With the country's population reaching 1.6 billion in the mid of this century, most of China's rivers, including the Yellow River, ____.A.is drying up B.will be drying up C.dry up D.have dried up 【答案】B 【解析】考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時間狀語 in the mid of this century 再結(jié)合語意可知本題應該使用將來進行時表示在將來某一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的變化。

      17、—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? —No, but we ____ to get in touch with them ever since.A.have tried B.have been trying C.had tried D.had been trying 【答案】B

      19、Please do me a favor —____ my friend Mr.Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.A.to invite B.inviting C.invite D.invited 【答案】C 【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語意及句中破折號可知后面的部分是一個祈使句,應該用動詞原形。

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