第一篇:一堂英語議論文寫作課的觀后感
一堂英語議論文寫作課的觀后感
-----長邊中學(xué)陳麗蓉近段時間,有關(guān)英語考試改革的話題引起了社會的熱切關(guān)注。英語新課程改革已實(shí)施多年,但受到中考與高考“指揮棒”的影響,大部分英語教學(xué)還是把掌握英語語言基本知識和基本技能放在教學(xué)目標(biāo)的首位,即過分重視語法知識和詞匯知識的講解和傳授,而忽視了對學(xué)生實(shí)際運(yùn)用語言能力的培養(yǎng)。英語考試改革旨在降低英語考試比重,但更重要的是改變英語的教學(xué)方式。作為英語老師,我們應(yīng)該順應(yīng)時代的要求,把“激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣,使學(xué)生樹立自信心,養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣和形成有效的學(xué)習(xí)英語策略,發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力和合作精神?!睌[在教學(xué)目的的第一位。
為進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)初中英語高效課堂建設(shè),促進(jìn)教師專業(yè)成長,不斷提高英語教師的教學(xué)水平,12月13日在龍海市教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校舉行了英語優(yōu)質(zhì)課程的網(wǎng)絡(luò)觀摩課。這堂課是由漳州實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)的歐曉濃老師教授的,課題是《中考寫作復(fù)習(xí)----議論文》,整節(jié)課教學(xué)過程完整,設(shè)計科學(xué),讓我領(lǐng)略了優(yōu)秀教師引人入勝的教學(xué)風(fēng)采,尤其是她對寫作技巧的教授方法更是讓我受益匪淺。
在導(dǎo)入部分,老師播放了由本班學(xué)生表演的短劇,主題是網(wǎng)購的話題。當(dāng)今電子商務(wù)發(fā)展迅猛,網(wǎng)購已成為人們生活的一部分,因而學(xué)生對該話題有足夠的興趣和談資。老師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生針對“網(wǎng)購的利與弊”進(jìn)行口頭討論,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)入本堂課的寫作教學(xué),要求學(xué)生寫一篇“網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物的好與壞”的議論文。
在呈現(xiàn)階段,老師以“網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物的好與壞”這篇議論文為例,向?qū)W生闡述了議論文的基本結(jié)構(gòu),幫助學(xué)生對議論文進(jìn)行總體構(gòu)思,為下一階段的寫作任務(wù)打下基礎(chǔ)。
一篇高分作文除了結(jié)構(gòu)完整以外,還需要表現(xiàn)出作者高超的寫作技巧。對此,歐老師緊接著向?qū)W生介紹了高分作文的四要素。在“完整”這個要素中,老師重點(diǎn)講述了如何避免“中式英語”的出現(xiàn),即迂回表達(dá)難點(diǎn),善于運(yùn)用英語長句寫作。
在操練與鞏固階段,老師結(jié)合長短句改寫的練習(xí),訓(xùn)練學(xué)生善于利用英語連詞進(jìn)行長句寫作。接著以小組為單位,要求學(xué)生對一篇英語短文進(jìn)行改錯,從而提醒學(xué)生學(xué)會對自己的作文進(jìn)行檢查修改,使自己的作文更加完整。既然本堂課是針對中考的寫作復(fù)習(xí)課,因而老師在教學(xué)中也注意結(jié)合中考作文考試走向,指出中考作文命題方向,即突出“時代性”。老師向?qū)W生呈現(xiàn)了霧霾的圖片,要求學(xué)生小組討論如何減少霧霾天氣的方法措施。在充分的討論后,要求學(xué)生結(jié)合老師講解的議論文寫作技巧,完成一篇關(guān)于減少空氣污染的議論文,邀請若干學(xué)生分享他們的習(xí)作,并根據(jù)老師提供的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),同桌互改作文。
對于這堂課,我有以下幾點(diǎn)評價:
首先,從教學(xué)思想說,正如新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所指出,英語課程的學(xué)習(xí)“是學(xué)生通過英語學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐活動,逐步掌握英語知識和技能,提高語言實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的過程”。老師在教學(xué)理念上充分體現(xiàn)了以學(xué)生為中心,使學(xué)生成為課堂的主體,積極主動地參與課堂活動,從語言實(shí)踐中吸取和鞏固知識。除此之外,還能讓學(xué)生在課堂中培養(yǎng)自己的交際能力和團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的意識,訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的反應(yīng)和思維能力。比如,圍繞本節(jié)課的話題,學(xué)生進(jìn)行討論,老師只是對學(xué)生的討論結(jié)果進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評總結(jié)。還有在“作文互改”環(huán)節(jié),老師讓學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤,改正錯誤,給作文評分,改變了學(xué)習(xí)評價由老師主導(dǎo)的狀況。
其次,課程改革強(qiáng)調(diào)要注重培養(yǎng)人的全面發(fā)展,適應(yīng)終身學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)知識和基本技能的和諧發(fā)展是綜合能力發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和核心。在課改過程中,很多老師片面追求活動的趣味性和課堂的熱鬧程度,忽視知識的基礎(chǔ)性作用。還有一些老師仍然停留在過去“滿堂灌”的教學(xué)模式中,一味追求知識的輸入。歐老師對教學(xué)內(nèi)容的處理既體現(xiàn)了基礎(chǔ)知識的教學(xué),也提供了語言能力的訓(xùn)練。在本堂課,老師不僅向?qū)W生展示了議論文的寫作技巧及寫作要點(diǎn),而且結(jié)合寫作話題進(jìn)行了有效的操練??傮w說,歐老師對議論文的講解時詳盡完整的,對學(xué)生今后的寫作也是有裨益的。
最后,該老師的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)緊湊,一環(huán)接一環(huán),可以說是充分了利用了課堂45分鐘的時間。從開始的錄影播放導(dǎo)入本堂課的寫作主題,到口語操練話題,以及話題討論,無不體現(xiàn)了老師優(yōu)秀的課堂教學(xué)組織能力。整節(jié)課下來,不僅讓學(xué)生學(xué)到了知識,而且培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生學(xué)好英語的信心,鼓勵學(xué)生大膽開口講英語,適當(dāng)?shù)谋頁P(yáng)又使學(xué)生能夠逐漸建立成就感??傊?,本堂課的整體效果良好,老師很好地完成了本堂課的教學(xué)目的,學(xué)生也在老師的恰當(dāng)引導(dǎo)下較好地完成了學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。
在實(shí)際的教學(xué)過程中,英語教師很少開設(shè)專門的寫作課,一方面是受到課時的限制,另一方面是對寫作的重視程度不夠。如今英語考試制度改革已提上教育改革日程,未來的英語考試應(yīng)將更重視英語的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,而寫作能力也是語言能力之一。因此,如何在有限的課時內(nèi)完成高效的寫作教學(xué),我想,歐老師已經(jīng)給英語老師提供了諸多的教學(xué)啟迪。
第二篇:英語議論文寫作模版
議論文作文模板
1.正反觀點(diǎn)式議論文模板
導(dǎo)入:
第1段:Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should...(導(dǎo)入話題)
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(觀點(diǎn)有分歧)
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方觀點(diǎn))The reasons are listed as follows.First...Second...Finally...(列出2~3個贊成的理由)
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it.(反方觀點(diǎn))
Here are the reasons.In the first place...What's more...In addition...(列出2~3個反對的理由)
結(jié)論:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(個人觀點(diǎn))オ 2.“A或者B”類議論文模板:
導(dǎo)入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A.The main reason is that...Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1~2個B的優(yōu)勢)結(jié)論:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出結(jié)論)オ
3.觀點(diǎn)論述類議論文模板:
導(dǎo)入:
第1段:提出一種現(xiàn)象或某個決定作為議論的話題
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的觀點(diǎn)是贊成還是反對)The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(過渡句,承上啟下)
正文:
第2段:First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2~3個贊成或反對的理由)
結(jié)論:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that...(照應(yīng)第1段,構(gòu)成“總-分-總”結(jié)構(gòu))
4.“How to”類議論文模板:
導(dǎo)入:
第1段:提出一種現(xiàn)象或某種困難作為議論的話題
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2~3個解決此類問題的辦法)
結(jié)論:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(強(qiáng)調(diào)解決此類問題的根本方法)
實(shí)用文體寫作模板 高考英語作文經(jīng)典范文
名人名言
No one can degrade us except ourselves;that if we are worthy, no influence can defeat us.(B.T.Washington, American educator)除了我們自己以外,沒有人能貶低我們。如果我們堅強(qiáng),就沒有什么不良影響能夠打敗我們。
為了大家能更多的得到寫作部分的25分,我們特精選了以下范文,希望同學(xué)們務(wù)必研讀背誦!(尤其注意:文中劃線部分為該體裁的套話;黑體部分為寫作中的經(jīng)典表達(dá)。)
May you succeed in the coming college entrance examination.一、與報社等討論稿(帶手機(jī)利弊)
Dear Editor:
[引出話題] I’m a senior three student.I’m writing to tell you my opinion on whethermiddle school students can go to school with mobile phones.[贊成]I think they can do that.Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are.Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.[反對] However, every coin has 2 sides.There are some problems with using mobile phones.The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the classroom.Another students is that some students can spend too much time and money on phone calls and sending messages.[個人觀點(diǎn)] In conclusion, I suggest students not use phones in the classroom.Also, as it is expensive, the owner should take good care of it.Yours sincerely,Li Hua
二、看對照表格寫調(diào)查報告(孩子出國利弊)
[調(diào)查內(nèi)容] A survey is taken onpublic opinions of the fact that many parents spend a large amount of money sending their children to study abroad, some of whom are middle school students.[調(diào)查結(jié)果]From it we can see that 38 percent of those surveyed think it is worth the money letting children study abroad to get a better education so that they can get pay in return in the future However, not all are for it / some are against it.62% of them hold the view that it is difficult for young people to live and study in a foreign country.It’s easy for them to fall / get into some bad habits and the cost of education in another country is ten times as much as that at home.[解決措施]The survey shows thatthe government should set up different kinds of schools to meet the demands of different children.(句型do something /take measures / steps about sth.to do sth)
三、讀柱狀圖表寫調(diào)查報告 [注意句式變換] Middle school students have some ideas about their future jobs.The most striking contrast isin teaching: 30percent of the girls would like to become teachers while only 5percent of the boys want to do the job.20 percent of the boys want to do business and another 20 percent want to become lawyers, while girls make up 15 percent in these two fields.What boys like to do most is to become managers and the second largest group would like to be scientists.Besides teaching, the second choice for girlsisto be scientists and managers.The number is not small.Girls also expect to show their abilities in these two fields.四、寫信(過去/現(xiàn)在對比)
Dear editor,I’m a middle school student.I once had a very happy family, but everything has changed because of my father.He used to be a very good doctor and was often praised by his patients.He took good care of the family and shared the housework with my mother everyday.However, he is now quite a different person.He plays mahjong all night and often quarrels with my mother.I just can’t concentrate on my studies and my grades are coming down.I’m very much worried and I’m afraid it will destroy my family as well as my father
Could you help me what to do? I’m looking forward to your reply.Thank you very much.Li Hua
英語作文寫作框架
英語作文的框機(jī)架
對比觀點(diǎn)題型
(1)要求論述兩個對立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。
1.有一些人認(rèn)為……
2.另一些人認(rèn)為……
3.我的看法……
The topic of ①-----------------(主題)is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二).Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),⑥------------------(理由二).Thirdly(finally),⑦------------------(理由三).From my point of view,I think ⑧----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)).The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is surely a wise choice.(2)給出一個觀點(diǎn),要求考生反對這一觀點(diǎn)
Some people believe that ①----------------(觀點(diǎn)一).For example, they think ②-----------------(舉例說明).And it will bring them ③---------------(為他們帶來的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,④-------------(我不同意該看法的理由一).For another thing, ⑤---------(反對的理由之二).
Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥-----(我對文章所討論主題的看法). 闡述主題題型
要求從一句話或一個主題出發(fā),按照提綱的要求進(jìn)行論述.
1.闡述名言或主題所蘊(yùn)涵的意義.
2.分析并舉例使其更充實(shí).
The good old proverb----------------(名言或諺語)reminds us that----------------(釋義).Indeed, we can learn many things form it.First of all,-----------------(理由一).For example,-------------------(舉例說明).Secondly,----------------(理由二).Another case is that---------------(舉例說明).Furthermore ,------------------(理由三).
In my opinion,----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)).In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A.If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.解決方法題型
要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑
1.問題現(xiàn)狀
2.怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(說明A的現(xiàn)狀).Second,----------(舉例進(jìn)一步說明現(xiàn)狀)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解決方法一).For another-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解決方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(帶來的好處).說明利弊題型
這種題型往往要求先說明一下現(xiàn)狀,再對比事物本身的利弊,有時也會單從一個角度(利或弊)出發(fā),最后往往要求考生表明自己的態(tài)度(或?qū)κ挛锴熬疤岢鲱A(yù)測)
1.說明事物現(xiàn)狀
2.事物本身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)(或一方面)
3.你對現(xiàn)狀(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First----------------(A的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之一).Besides-------------------(A的優(yōu)點(diǎn)之二).But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that----------------(A的第一個缺點(diǎn)).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個缺點(diǎn)).
Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to---------------(我的看法).
(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,---------------(對前景的預(yù)測).)
議論文的框架
(1)不同觀點(diǎn)列舉型(選擇型)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點(diǎn)一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點(diǎn)一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some peoplehold the idea that_觀二_____.In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點(diǎn)二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點(diǎn)一或二_.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的議論文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)一______.And secondly ___優(yōu)點(diǎn)二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”,討論議題is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with,缺 點(diǎn) 一.In addition, 缺點(diǎn)二.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of 討論議題into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.(3)答題性議論文
Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.(4)諺語警句性議論文
It is well know to us that the proverb: "___諺語 has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study.It means ____諺語的含義______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows.(also theoretically)
A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..圖表作文的框架
As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文題目的議題_____ has been on rise/ decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____.From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______.On the one hand, ________.On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________.In addition, ________ is responsible for _______.Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
第三篇:英語議論文寫作
英語議論文寫作范文
1.利弊議論文
Model 1:
It is a new thing that_____.Many people welcome this new development while others have expressed their concern about this.Those who take sides against this new trend believe that _____ because_____.One common argument, however, for ____ is that_____.Of the two views discussed above, I am in favor of the _____.My reason is that____.Model 2:
As is known to all, there has been a wave of ____.There are many advantages / disadvantages of this modern way.First of all, _____.In the second place, _____.Lastly, _____.In a word, ____.Model 3:
When asked about ____, different people will offer different opinions.Some people take it for granted that _____.In their mind, ____.Besides, ______.However, others hold that ____.They maintain that ____.1
Weighting up these two arguments, I am for the first one.For one thing, ____.For another, _____.Therefore, as stated above, ____.Model 4:
____ is becoming more popular in ____, especially among ____.Today, it’s certainly difficult to think of ____.There are several reasons for its popularity.First, ____.Second, ____.However, in terms of _____.2.個人觀點(diǎn)議論文
Model(1)
Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to _____.Some people argue that ____ while others firmly hold that _____.In my opinion, I think this question should be probed in depth.On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because ____.On the other hand, the second group seems ____ because ____.In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in ____.Otherwise _____.Model(2)
It becomes a common tendency these days for people to ____.Many people are opposed to ____ because they think_____.They also argue that ____.In my mind, however, I can’t agree with ____.At the same time, _____.In addition, ______.In conclusion, ______.Model(3)
____ has been one medium of communication that has connected all the people around world.More and more people tend to concern the ____, because it is so _____ that _____.The advantages of ____ are obvious to some people.For one thing, in terms of ____, For another thing, _____._____.As a result, _____./Consequently, _____.Personally, I side with the former opinion.Because _____.However, _____.Model(4)
Presently, one phenomenon calls for people’ s attention that ____.In general, ______.For one thing, _____.(For example, _____.)For another, _____.As far as I am concerned, _____.To sum up, _____.3.解決方法類議論文
Model(1)
If you ____, what will you feel? Of course, you will feel ___ because _____.Besides this, ____.For one thing, ____, For another, _____.No easy solution can be taken to cope with the problem of ____, but ____.Therefore, my viewpoint is that _____.There is no doubt that ____.Model(2)
Most of us today recognize that ____ has been a greatly serious problem.Therefore, _____.From above, we can find that the reasons why ____, are as follows, the primary reason, I think, _____.For example, _____.However, ____.Second, _____.The third reason actually is the result of ____.Therefore, _____.Moreover, _____.Let’s make our good efforts, and _____.
第四篇:初三英語一堂寫作課教學(xué)案例
初三英語一堂寫作課教學(xué)案例
一、背景知識介紹。
書面表達(dá)是寫的一種途徑,是英語交際的重要組成部分。初中階段對于英語寫作的要求,實(shí)際上是“有指導(dǎo)的寫作”(Guided Writing)。它通過提供情景(文字、圖畫、表格),讓學(xué)生用學(xué)過的英語語言來描述事物或事件并表達(dá)一定的思想,以此達(dá)成和檢驗(yàn)對所學(xué)英語語言知識的實(shí)踐應(yīng)用能力??陀^地說,書面表達(dá)一直是我們英語教學(xué)的一個難點(diǎn),也是學(xué)生應(yīng)試的一個難點(diǎn)。
從去年對泉州市中考英語試卷的抽樣調(diào)查情況來看,英語寫作是得分最為薄弱的一個題項。究其原因,一是學(xué)生寫作練習(xí)的時間少,二是教師平時缺乏對學(xué)生進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的寫作知識的指導(dǎo)。(比如,如何用詞、句、組段、謀篇等)。這些原因造成了學(xué)生從最初不會寫盲目寫到不愿寫。懼怕寫,直至最后拒絕寫的惡性循環(huán)。針對這一現(xiàn)象,我在班級進(jìn)行了一次如何提高學(xué)生寫作能力的課堂實(shí)踐。寫作的材料取自于初三的“Reading and writing”。教師旨在通過與學(xué)生談?wù)撍麄兪煜さ脑掝}“making friends”, 搜索學(xué)生頭腦中有關(guān)朋友的消息,通過閱讀兩則e-pal廣告,獲取e-pals的一些信息,指導(dǎo)如何寫e-mail,從而達(dá)到給e-pals 寫信的目的。
二、教學(xué)過程。
1.Warm-up活動:通過聽一首英語歌:“The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.”目的是活躍氣氛,為引出今天的話題做準(zhǔn)備。
2.Revision ①使用大腦風(fēng)暴法(brainstorm)讓學(xué)生想出一些和friends 有關(guān)的單詞短語和句子,目的是激活學(xué)生頭腦中和寫作話題make friends 相關(guān)的東西,如想法、概念、形象等醞釀寫作的思路,供擬稿階段(drafting stage)選擇有寫的價值和意義的東西時參考。] ②根據(jù)下列所給提示介紹你的朋友(四人一小組活動)。
⑴Name and age.⑵Where he / she comes from subject?
⑶What he is?
⑷What his / her friend?
⑸looks(外貌)
⑹personality(性格)
⑺His / Her drean
⑻……
3.Pre-reading
通過提問,How can you know your friends, if you haven’t seen each other for a long time?
聯(lián)系朋友有很多方法,但是 One of the best ways is sending e-mails to them.Do you know why?過渡今天話題的材料,快速看完兩則e-pal廣告,找出答案。
4.While-reading,讀兩則廣告,了解Mary和Jack完成表格
Name Age Hobbies Looks Personality E-mail added Wish Where she…
5.Post-reading
引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論:Do you like to make e-pals with Mary or Jack? Why?
當(dāng)大部分學(xué)生都持肯定觀點(diǎn)時進(jìn)一步思索,What will you write in you e-mail to them? 為下面事實(shí)寫作埋下伏筆,提供鋪墊。
6.While-Writing.教會學(xué)生正確使用e-mail格式,同時提供關(guān)于朋友和友誼的一些精彩句子,為學(xué)生寫作提供素材。
7.Post-writing.提供寫作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
要求學(xué)生根據(jù)這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn),修改自己的e-mail.1.Do you use the tense(時態(tài)),spelling(拼寫),punctuation(標(biāo)點(diǎn)),capitalization(大寫字母)correctly?
2.I s your e-mail complete(完整的)?
3.Is your e-mail coherently(連貫地)written?
4.Can you describe yourself in a concise(簡潔的)way?
5.Are there any complex sentences(復(fù)合句)in your e-mail?
目的是通過自改,有助于他們提高書面表達(dá)中的語言準(zhǔn)確性,提高了學(xué)生通過自己獨(dú)立思考,來解決問題的能力。
8.Share the writing.點(diǎn)評兩篇學(xué)生習(xí)作,選自一位基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)和一位基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)的作文。教師根據(jù)上述提供的寫作標(biāo)準(zhǔn),詳細(xì)點(diǎn)評兩篇習(xí)作的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和句法功能。目的是使學(xué)生盡力領(lǐng)會教師對文章的點(diǎn)評,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生選詞和用詞的能力,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。四.反思評價
三、注重方法與技巧。
寫作是一個由淺入深、由易到難、由簡到繁的訓(xùn)練過程,任何一個環(huán)節(jié)出問題都會影響對學(xué)生寫作能力的培養(yǎng)。因此,盲目的訓(xùn)練往往多做無用功,我們必須在平時就十分注重方法與技巧。注意多種訓(xùn)練方法相結(jié)合。
與任務(wù)(task)相結(jié)合。有目的的寫作常能更好地調(diào)動學(xué)生的積極性,所以在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生這方面的能力時,應(yīng)盡量與教學(xué)的多種任務(wù)相結(jié)合,而不是純粹布置一篇作文。貫穿這節(jié)寫作課的也是一系列的任務(wù):
Activity1: Write out some words, phrases and sentences about friends and friendship.Activity2: Please introduce your friend to us.Activity3: Read the two ads(廣告).Get to know Mary and Jack
Activity4: Write an e-mail to Mary or Jack
組織多樣的小組活動。新世紀(jì)中,我們很重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精神,而小組活動就是培養(yǎng)其合作精神的捷徑。這堂寫作課中在pre-writing時采取二人小組活動,四人小組活動,組織學(xué)生在小組活動中共同完成教師呈現(xiàn)的任務(wù),從而降低其難度,使基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué)在寫作時起點(diǎn)更高,基礎(chǔ)較差的同學(xué)也能言之有物,互相啟發(fā),共同提高。如資料、信息的搜集,材料關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的把握,文章完成后的修改等。
2平時注重解題技巧的養(yǎng)成:
1.準(zhǔn)備工作
①.仔細(xì)審題,明確要求。羅列題目所提供的信息,然后認(rèn)真分析,審清題意后,把要求表達(dá)的各個要點(diǎn)按順序和層次一一列出。
②.緊扣要點(diǎn),尋求思路。草擬一個提綱,按時間、空間或邏輯順序,確定開頭,再圍繞這一順序,周密選詞、選句,并擬好如何結(jié)尾(可適當(dāng)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn))。
2.寫作之中
①.開門見山,緊扣主題。如寫參觀農(nóng)場的日記,就可用“Last Sunday we visited the West Hill Farm.” 直接說明時間及地點(diǎn)。如寫的是關(guān)于度假的,則可以“We had a happy holiday in Jiaxin last Sunday.” 來開頭等等。
②.語言正確,規(guī)范地道。盡量使用學(xué)過的、最熟悉也最有把握的句型、結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)盡量避免中國式英語。要養(yǎng)成正確運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的好習(xí)慣,切忌一點(diǎn)到底的錯誤方法。(I spent 10 yuan buy the book.He by bike to school.)
③.重短輕長, 就易避難。重短輕長——寫短句忌長句,由寫簡易句子開始,即“主語(誰)
謂語(做/是)賓語/表語(什么),應(yīng)盡量寫出自己最有把握,最熟悉的句子,避免寫長句,以寫正確、通順為最基本要求。就易避難——多用簡單句少用復(fù)合句,首先在寫好簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上然后可逐步過渡到較為復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句,例如用when, before等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句。整個句子越長,出錯的可能性就越大。
④.過渡自然,表達(dá)流暢。注意前后句、上下文盡量過渡自然,正確使用and, or, but, because, so, then, after等詞,保持行文的流暢。不重復(fù)使用可置換的詞,如前面提到了Jim這個人,后面再出現(xiàn)就可用he來供代替,但要注意前后的一致性。
⑤.適當(dāng)評論,發(fā)表己見。結(jié)尾處用1-2句話發(fā)表一點(diǎn)自己的看法,往往有畫龍點(diǎn)睛之妙。學(xué)生比較精彩的結(jié)尾有:
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
What a happy girl I will be!
3.成文之后
鼓勵學(xué)生學(xué)會批改自己的習(xí)作。
①.一般語法項目的檢查——英語中的人稱、時態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、習(xí)慣用法等都是非常重要的,即使在朗讀中好像全理解,但在動筆的實(shí)踐中就往往出錯。
②.注意語序——英語中的疑問句、感嘆句和賓語從句都是通過語序的變化來構(gòu)成和體現(xiàn)的,不注意會出現(xiàn)錯誤和意義上混淆。如:
Jim works very hard.So does Jack.(前后主語非一人)
A: Jim works very hard.B: So he does.(前后主語為一人)
He didn’t know where the bookshop was.The boys want to know how they should do it.③.符合習(xí)慣——說英語的國家有自己民族的文化、習(xí)俗、情感、思維方式、生活習(xí)慣等。受母語思維定式的影響,應(yīng)避免在練筆當(dāng)中受母語的干擾,要注意語言表達(dá)地道。例如漢語“我的工作很忙?!本筒荒苡糜⒄ZMy work is very busy.來表達(dá),而應(yīng)當(dāng)說I’m very busy with my work.又如:有的同學(xué)在表達(dá)很常用的“我很喜歡它”時,會說“I very much like it.”, 而其正確表達(dá)應(yīng)是 “I like it very much.”
④.書寫規(guī)范,卷面整潔。卷面不整潔,使人無法看清你寫的究竟是什么,那么就可能按錯處理。所以在寫時,如時間允許,應(yīng)先打草稿,修改后再抄清楚。
3堅持循序漸進(jìn)的訓(xùn)練原則。
“在開展筆語訓(xùn)練時,循序漸進(jìn)包含兩個內(nèi)容。從形式上看,在造句練習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)上,開展連貫的筆頭作業(yè)或作文,即從短到長。從質(zhì)量上看,在簡單的連貫性的筆頭作業(yè)基礎(chǔ)上,開展要求較高的作文練習(xí)。兩者之間并無矛盾,關(guān)鍵在于循序”(李庭薌,1983)所以,寫作要先易后難,先短后長,先學(xué)會運(yùn)用簡單句、并列句,后學(xué)會用復(fù)合句表達(dá),先寫正確句子逐步過渡到圍繞一個人、一件事、一個觀點(diǎn)去寫有中心的文章,由不限定時間到限定時間,由限定時間長到限定時間短,由限定字?jǐn)?shù)少到多……
4注意文章的講評。
高度重視范文的講評,教師應(yīng)認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備,而學(xué)生則應(yīng)盡力領(lǐng)會教師對文章的點(diǎn)評,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn),特別是應(yīng)提倡模仿以英語為本族語的人所寫的東西,看他們?nèi)绾谓M織寫作,如何運(yùn)用詞語和句子”(賈冠杰,1996)同進(jìn),指出不佳文章的缺點(diǎn),引起學(xué)生注意并在寫作中注意盡量避免。以下的學(xué)生作文和中考范文的對比,相信能給大家一點(diǎn)啟示??傊灰覀兯枷肷现匾?,訓(xùn)練方法得當(dāng),經(jīng)過初三一年年持續(xù)有效的訓(xùn)練,定能達(dá)成《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中的要求,從而為學(xué)生進(jìn)一步學(xué)好英語打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),為學(xué)生在中考中取得滿意的成績。
第五篇:初三英語一堂寫作課教學(xué)案例
初三英語教學(xué)案例1
正值初三復(fù)習(xí)之際,隨著考期的臨近,我們的學(xué)生的精神壓力越來越重。面對英語復(fù)習(xí)中的整節(jié)課的單詞、短語、句子記憶,語法講解,學(xué)生顯得疲憊不堪。針對這種現(xiàn)象,我嘗試著上了以下這節(jié)課。
上課鈴還沒響,我匆匆忙忙趕往教室,我隨即打開了電腦放了一首歌。這時,教室里的每處角落都流淌著“My heart will go on ”美妙旋律,接著又是一首“Yesterday once more”??粗瑢W(xué)們都精神大振的樣子,我也樂了。
在放曲子的空擋里,我在黑板上抄寫了這些句子。
1.So do we.2.Help yourself to some soup.3.Excuse me , could we have some coffee , please?
4.Either mum or I cook supper.Neither dad nor brother helps.5.Do you think it necessary for us to learn to skate ?
6.Somebody or something took it.7.Not before or after meals---instead of them.8.I have a pain in my head.這些都是我這節(jié)課要講的內(nèi)容,屬于Book2B Units 15---20當(dāng)中的重難點(diǎn)。平時都是由我歸納出重難點(diǎn)給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生們加記憶或做筆記,但這一次??
“ Now please look at the blackboard.There is something important we must remember in these sentences.In the last few classes Miss Wang taught you what you should pay attention to.Now , this class, please tell me what I should learn, OK”(同學(xué)們面面相覷)
“ Ok, I want to divide you into eight groups.You work in groups and have a discussion for a few minutes, then each group must ask two students to come to the blackboard.One is a speaker who must tell me what I should learn, the other one must write down the important language points of the sentence on the blackboard.Ok? Are you clear? ”
全班同學(xué)都很興奮地齊聲回答“OK”。我很高興,這證明他們聽懂了我的話。然后,我迅速地分組,并且隨即對每組作出了恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)和適當(dāng)?shù)墓膭?。初三教室里從來沒有那么熱鬧過,同學(xué)們熱情高漲,似乎連學(xué)習(xí)成績差一些的同學(xué)都能說出一兩點(diǎn)來。分工作業(yè)幾分鐘后,該輪到每組的代表出場了。在這個部分里,我并沒有指令哪組先哪組后,而是鼓勵主動出擊,前面幾組還算順利,當(dāng)他們走下講臺的時候,都露出了滿足的笑容,也許為自己學(xué)有用武之地而感到快樂。并且我還發(fā)現(xiàn),在學(xué)生們自己板書和講解時,下面的同學(xué)倒是聽得特別仔細(xì),有的把自己曾經(jīng)疏忽了的知識還做了筆記,甚至當(dāng)一組講解完畢后,其余的小組還主動提出補(bǔ)充。(這足以證明同學(xué)們都在動腦筋思考問題,每個學(xué)生的臉上都無倦容)。
初三英語教學(xué)案例2
利用情景對話——看病,通過表演實(shí)踐上節(jié)課已經(jīng)歸納出的一些重要常用的看病用語,把“教”變?yōu)椤皩W(xué)”,效果明顯。
反思:外語學(xué)習(xí)的首要任務(wù)是“學(xué)”而不是“教”,“我講你聽,我問你答,我寫你抄,我給你收?!边@種課堂上,“雙邊活動變成”變成了“單邊活動”教代替了學(xué),學(xué)生是被教會,而不是自己學(xué)會,更不用說會學(xué)了。尤其是在初三的復(fù)習(xí)階段,學(xué)七門功課的壓力,學(xué)生更容易出現(xiàn)對學(xué)習(xí)的倦怠。產(chǎn)生教師式學(xué)生和學(xué)生式教師。在教學(xué)中應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生自始至終掌握主動權(quán),教師只是充當(dāng)“組織者”,“引導(dǎo)者”等角色。從我所講授的這節(jié)課來看,可取之處在于以下幾點(diǎn):
1、課前放了一段輕松的音樂,使學(xué)生的情緒得到了調(diào)整,營造了一種輕松、活潑的課堂氣氛。
2、充分調(diào)動了學(xué)生的自主性,先分組討論,后學(xué)生代表反饋討論結(jié)果,最后還是由學(xué)生根據(jù)分組討論的結(jié)果補(bǔ)充不足。
3、采用了靈活的課堂激勵方式,在分組討論過程中,我隨機(jī)幫助了學(xué)困生突破知識難點(diǎn)、并鼓勵他們積極上臺,這樣學(xué)困生在課堂上表現(xiàn)活躍,其他學(xué)生更是不甘落后,踴躍發(fā)言,整個課堂洋溢著輕松活潑的氣氛。
初三英語閱讀教學(xué)案例3
隨著中考英語的改革,閱讀在中考中的分值增大,閱讀理解的選材越來越廣泛,包括天文、科技、地理、歷史、任務(wù)傳記、英美風(fēng)俗人情等,并且加大了對考生理解、概括、推理能力的考查。學(xué)生在掌握科學(xué)、有效的閱讀方法和技巧的同時,使用詞典、語法等工具書及各種英語教育教學(xué)資源的過程中,能掌握全文大意并能根據(jù)中文信息找出問題相關(guān)答案,逐步提高學(xué)生獨(dú)立閱讀的能力?,F(xiàn)行初三閱讀課文是各單元教學(xué)的核心,容量大、密度高、話題廣、課時緊,需要采取一種新的教學(xué)途徑來解決。新的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也提倡任務(wù)型的教學(xué)途徑。任務(wù)型教學(xué)就是以具體的任務(wù)為學(xué)習(xí)目的,讓學(xué)生帶著任務(wù)完成閱讀,理清文路,最終完成閱讀題。
(一)閱讀前任務(wù)設(shè)計
用多媒體播放,人多車多造成的交通道路擁擠,城市的大面積擴(kuò)張造成了大面積耕地被占用,森林面積減少,然后提出如下問題
Who causes such changes?
What should we do?
學(xué)生馬上熱烈的討論起來,屏幕上的場景迅速激活了課堂,激發(fā)了學(xué)生的閱讀興趣,使他們產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的閱讀愿望。
(二)閱讀中任務(wù)(while——reading task)
1、快速閱讀,了解主旨大意
使學(xué)生在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)默讀完課文并找出每段的主題句或段落的中心句。當(dāng)然,學(xué)生也可以用不同的句子來概括每段的中心。只要有自己的觀點(diǎn),都要給予肯定和表揚(yáng)。
2、精讀,獲取更多信息
為了幫助學(xué)生了解更多的信息,設(shè)計如下幾個問題,讓學(xué)生在問中找出相關(guān)信息,并小組討論
1)From the passage we know that our earth has changed much because of---------
A.its old ageB.man?s activities C.the changes of weather D.the
3.研讀,從中受到啟發(fā)
(三)閱讀后任務(wù)
通過前面幾個環(huán)節(jié)的教學(xué),學(xué)生對課文的信息有了全面的了解和理解,為了讓他們成功運(yùn)用所掌握的語言形式,閱讀后再找出幾篇相關(guān)話題的文章,做快速閱讀訓(xùn)練,讓學(xué)生先看題再看文章,將文中的答案找出。
本人在實(shí)施任務(wù)型教學(xué)的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問題:
1)在日常閱讀訓(xùn)練中,讓學(xué)生能習(xí)慣于先審題,掌握題意,帶著任務(wù)去讀文
章的方法,一般的閱讀問題都可以通過全文找出相關(guān)答案或信息,不能讓學(xué)生單獨(dú)脫離文章靠印象做題。
2)有的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出不愿合作或不主動,只顧自己思考,基本上在獨(dú)立學(xué)習(xí)的層次上,沒有真正的討論和合作;有的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出對任務(wù)不理解;有的學(xué)生在交流中過多使用母語等。
3)部分學(xué)生習(xí)慣于教師以前的講授教學(xué)方式,認(rèn)為上課認(rèn)真聽講筆記就能學(xué)好英語。開
始他們對語言活動表現(xiàn)得漠不關(guān)心,在合作學(xué)習(xí)中合作不主動、不充
分,存有消極、自私、依賴和缺乏責(zé)任感等.初三英語一堂寫作課教學(xué)案例4
1.Warm-up活動:通過聽一首英語歌:“The more we get together, the happier we?ll be.”目的是活躍氣氛,為引出今天的話題做準(zhǔn)備。
2.Revision ①使用大腦風(fēng)暴法(brainstorm)讓學(xué)生想出一些和friends 有關(guān)的單詞短語和句子,目的是激活學(xué)生頭腦中和寫作話題make friends 相關(guān)的東西,如想法、概念、形象等醞釀寫作的思路,供擬稿階段(drafting stage)選擇有寫的價值和意義的東西時參考。] ②根據(jù)下列所給提示介紹你的朋友(四人一小組活動)。
⑴Name and age.⑵Where he / she comes from subject?⑶What he is?
⑷What his / her friend?⑸looks(外貌)⑹personality(性格)⑺His / Her drean ⑻……引導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論:Do you like to make e-pals with Mary or Jack? Why?
思索,What will you write in you e-mail to them? 為寫作埋下伏筆,提供鋪墊。
While-Writing.點(diǎn)評兩篇學(xué)生習(xí)作,選自一位基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)和一位基礎(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)的作文。教師根據(jù)上述提供的寫作標(biāo)準(zhǔn),詳細(xì)點(diǎn)評兩篇習(xí)作的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)和句法功能。目的是使學(xué)生盡力領(lǐng)會教師對文章的點(diǎn)評,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生選詞和用詞的能力,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
1.圍繞話題:“friends and friendship”進(jìn)行Brainstorming。教師使用web-spider在黑板的一側(cè)寫下學(xué)生能夠想到的單詞、詞組和句子,結(jié)合學(xué)生思維一下子開闊起來,下面是學(xué)生討論后呈現(xiàn)出來的詞和短語:good friends, boy friends, girl friends, pen friends, friends are important, my friends are handsome/ugly, I want to make friends with you, friends in need are friends indeed….在這個階段,教師引導(dǎo)和鼓勵學(xué)生積極參與討論,并把每個學(xué)生的發(fā)言要點(diǎn)寫在黑板上,出現(xiàn)有個學(xué)生用英語表述“患難之交才是真正的朋友”對允許其先說出中文,然后向全班同學(xué)或老師求助。
2.當(dāng)學(xué)生完成careful reading之后,圍繞話題:Write an email to one of the e-pals.教師通過兩個問題進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)。
①Do you like to write an e-mail to Mary or Jack? Why?
②What will you write in your e-mail?
讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行小組活動,互相啟發(fā),把雙方的想法清晰化和條理化,并用英語口頭表述出來。我把學(xué)生討論的結(jié)果通過投影形式展現(xiàn)出來。
⑴ I want to make friends with Jack because I like playing basketball too.⑵ I want to make friends with Mary because she is a girl.⑶ I want to make friends with Jack because I can visit his country.⑷ I want to make friends with Jack because he is very handsome
….下面是Brainstorming 之后一個學(xué)生寫出的短文。
Dear Mary,My name is Gu Bo.I ?m a 14-year-old girl反思評價
寫作是一個由淺入深、由易到難、由簡到繁的訓(xùn)練過程,任何一個環(huán)節(jié)出問題都會影響對學(xué)生寫作能力的培養(yǎng)。因此,盲目的訓(xùn)練往往多做無用功,我們必須在平時就十分注重方法與技巧。
注意多種訓(xùn)練方法相結(jié)合。
與任務(wù)(task)相結(jié)合。有目的的寫作常能更好地調(diào)動學(xué)生的積極性,所以在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生這方面的能力時,應(yīng)盡量與教學(xué)的多種任務(wù)相結(jié)合,而不是純粹布置一篇作文。
Activity1: Write out some words, phrases and sentences about friends and friendship.Activity2: Please introduce your friend to us.Activity3: Read the two ads(廣告).Get to know Mary and Jack
Activity4: Write an e-mail to Mary or Jack
組織多樣的小組活動。這堂寫作課中在pre-writing時采取二人小組活動,四人小組活動,組織學(xué)生在小組活動中共同完成教師呈現(xiàn)的任務(wù),從而降低其難度,使基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué)在寫作時起點(diǎn)更高,基礎(chǔ)較差的同學(xué)也能言之有物,互相啟發(fā),共同提高。如資料、信息的搜集,材料關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的把握,文章完成后的修改等。
初三英語一堂寫作課教學(xué)案例5
平時寫作技巧的養(yǎng)成:
1.準(zhǔn)備工作
①.仔細(xì)審題,明確要求。羅列題目所提供的信息,然后認(rèn)真分析,審清題意后,把要求表達(dá)的各個要點(diǎn)按順序和層次一一列出。
②.緊扣要點(diǎn),尋求思路。草擬一個提綱,按時間、空間或邏輯順序,確定開頭,再圍繞這一順序,周密選詞、選句,并擬好如何結(jié)尾(可適當(dāng)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn))。
2.寫作之中
①.開門見山,緊扣主題。如寫參觀農(nóng)場的日記,就可用“Last Sunday we visited the West Hill Farm.” 直接說明時間及地點(diǎn)。如寫的是關(guān)于度假的,則可以“We had a happy holiday in Jiaxin last Sunday.” 來開頭等等。
②.語言正確,規(guī)范地道。盡量使用學(xué)過的、最熟悉也最有把握的句型、結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)盡量避免中國式英語。要養(yǎng)成正確運(yùn)用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的好習(xí)慣,切忌一點(diǎn)到底的錯誤方法。(I spent 10 yuan buy the book.He by bike to school.)
③.重短輕長, 就易避難。重短輕長——寫短句忌長句,由寫簡易句子開始,即“主語(誰)謂語(做/是)賓語/表語(什么),應(yīng)盡量寫出自己最有把握,最熟悉的句子,避免寫長句,以寫正確、通順為最基本要求。就易避難——多用簡單句少用復(fù)合句,首先在寫好簡單句的基礎(chǔ)上然后可逐步過渡到較為復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句,例如用when, before等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句。整個句子越長,出錯的可能性就越大。
④.過渡自然,表達(dá)流暢。注意前后句、上下文盡量過渡自然,正確使用and, or, but, because, so, then, after等詞,保持行文的流暢。不重復(fù)使用可置換的詞,如前面提到了Jim這個人,后面再出現(xiàn)就可用he來供代替,但要注意前后的一致性。
⑤.適當(dāng)評論,發(fā)表己見。結(jié)尾處用1-2句話發(fā)表一點(diǎn)自己的看法,往往有畫龍點(diǎn)睛之妙。學(xué)生比較精彩的結(jié)尾有:
I am looking forward to hearing from you soon!
What a happy girl I will be!
3.成文之后
鼓勵學(xué)生學(xué)會批改自己的習(xí)作。
①.一般語法項目的檢查——英語中的人稱、時態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)、習(xí)慣用法等都是非常重要的,即使在朗讀中好像全理解,但在動筆的實(shí)踐中就往往出錯。
②.注意語序——英語中的疑問句、感嘆句和賓語從句都是通過語序的變化來構(gòu)成和體現(xiàn)的,不注意會出現(xiàn)錯誤和意義上混淆。
如:
Jim works very hard.So does Jack.(前后主語非一人)
A: Jim works very hard.B: So he does.(前后主語為一人)
He didn?t know where the bookshop was.The boys want to know how they should do it.③.符合習(xí)慣——說英語的國家有自己民族的文化、習(xí)俗、情感、思維方式、生活習(xí)慣等。受母語思維定式的影響,應(yīng)避免在練筆當(dāng)中受母語的干擾,要注意語言表達(dá)地道。例如漢語“我的工作很忙?!本筒荒苡糜⒄ZMy work is very busy.來表達(dá),而應(yīng)當(dāng)說I?m very busy with my work.又如:有的同學(xué)在表達(dá)很常用的“我很喜歡它”時,會說“I very much like it.”, 而其正確表達(dá)應(yīng)是 “I like it very much.”
④.書寫規(guī)范,卷面整潔。卷面不整潔,使人無法看清你寫的究竟是什么,那么就可能按錯處理。所以在寫時,如時間允許,應(yīng)先打草稿,修改后再抄清楚。
堅持循序漸進(jìn)的訓(xùn)練原則,寫作要先易后難,先短后長,先學(xué)會運(yùn)用簡單句、并列句,后學(xué)會用復(fù)合句表達(dá),先寫正確句子逐步過渡到圍繞一個人、一件事、一個觀點(diǎn)去寫有中心的文章,由不限定時間到限定時間,由限定時間長到限定時間短,由限定字?jǐn)?shù)少到多;注意文章的講評。教師應(yīng)認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備,而學(xué)生則應(yīng)盡力領(lǐng)會教師對文章的點(diǎn)評,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生多模仿好文章的優(yōu)點(diǎn),特別是應(yīng)提倡模仿以英語為本族語的人所寫的東西,看他們?nèi)绾谓M織寫作,如何運(yùn)用詞語和句子”指出不佳文章的缺點(diǎn),引起學(xué)生注意并在寫作中注意盡量避免。以下的學(xué)生作文和中考范文的對比,相信能給大家一點(diǎn)啟示。
利用學(xué)生作文和中考答案中的范文做好學(xué)生的示范作業(yè)。