第一篇：如何應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣

如何應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣

朱可寶

我們?cè)谌粘Ｉ钪薪?jīng)常會(huì)聽(tīng)到這樣一些話，“要是我有足夠的資金，我會(huì)買(mǎi)一輛屬于自己的轎車(chē)?！薄耙窃僮屑?xì)一點(diǎn)，我就會(huì)考滿(mǎn)分?！薄拔乙悄愕脑挘揖蜁?huì)接受她的邀請(qǐng).”其實(shí)，諸如此類(lèi)的句子就是我們英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)重要的知識(shí)點(diǎn)——虛擬語(yǔ)氣。我們自覺(jué)不自覺(jué)地運(yùn)用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)我們的情感。

在新課標(biāo)教材中虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一個(gè)很重要的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn)，在高考中也是必考內(nèi)容之一。高三學(xué)生要重視對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的復(fù)習(xí)。我們復(fù)習(xí)這個(gè)語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)時(shí)重點(diǎn)要復(fù)習(xí)習(xí)慣用法，特殊句型，以及和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一起使用。我們先看非真實(shí)的條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。有三種情況，（一）與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其固定結(jié)構(gòu)是條件（假設(shè)）部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done, 主句（結(jié)論）部分用would/should/could/might+ have done(主動(dòng))/have been done(被動(dòng)).表示“要是過(guò)去（不）做了。。，就（不）會(huì)有。。發(fā)生或出現(xiàn)”這樣一種心情。例如，If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.（要是你真的努力了，你就不會(huì)考試不及格了。）言外之意就是說(shuō)平時(shí)不努力，不及格自然是很正常的，表示一種既惋惜又責(zé)備的心情。

（二）與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其固定結(jié)構(gòu)為條件(假設(shè))部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，主句(結(jié)論)部分用would/should/could/might do（主動(dòng)）/be done(被動(dòng)).例如，If I were you, I would buy a new car rather than a second-hand one.(要是我是你的話，我就買(mǎi)一輛新車(chē)而不是二手車(chē)。)務(wù)必注意，虛擬語(yǔ)氣中只用能用were, 不能用was.（三）與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，其固定結(jié)構(gòu)是這樣的，條件(假設(shè))部分的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式/were to do/should do, 主句（結(jié)論）用would/could/should/might do(主動(dòng))/be done(被動(dòng)).例如，If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, we would put off the visit to the Great Wall.(要是明天下雨的話，我們就推遲去長(zhǎng)城。)特別要提醒的是，(一)如果條件句中有were/ had/should時(shí)，可以采用省略if的句式，方法就是將were/should/had調(diào)到句首。例如，Had we left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.(If we had left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.)

（二）Without…/But for…/otherwise….相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非真實(shí)條件句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例如，Without your help, I wouldn’t have finished this work.(If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have finished this work.)I really had so much work to do yesterday, otherwise I would have gone shopping with you.(I really had so much work to do.If I hadn’t been so much work to do, I would have gone shopping with you.)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在從句中的應(yīng)用也較多。主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：1，用在wish 的賓語(yǔ)從句中。表示不能或難于實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。例如，I wish I could fly to the moon one day.（但愿有一天我能夠飛到月球上去。）2，用在suggest/order/command/demand等表示建議，要求，命令之后的從句中，用should do/should be done.Should可以省略，只保留do/be done例如，The teacher suggested that this plan(should)be discussed first.（老師建議這個(gè)計(jì)劃要先討論一下。）3, 用在as if/as though之后的從句中。例如，She danced as if she were a professional dancer.（她的舞跳得仿佛她就是一個(gè)職業(yè)舞蹈者。）4，用在it is(high)time之后的從句中。表示到了該做某個(gè)事情的時(shí)候了。例如，The big exam is coming, it is high time we should work harder.（大考臨近了，我們?cè)撆α恕＃?，用在would rather 之后的從句中。表示一種愿望。例如，I would rather she didn’t miss the flight.（但愿她沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)航班。）6，用在if only 之后的從句中。例如，If only I had worked harder.（我要是學(xué)習(xí)再刻苦一點(diǎn)就好了。）

當(dāng)然，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用遠(yuǎn)不止以上這些。在實(shí)際生活中的運(yùn)用很復(fù)雜。要想熟練自如地使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，我們必須在平時(shí)交流中盡可能多地運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá)我們的羨慕，嫉妒，批評(píng)，責(zé)備和愿望。只有這樣，我們才能熟諳虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

第二篇：虛擬語(yǔ)氣說(shuō)課稿

我這節(jié)說(shuō)課的題目是：高三英語(yǔ)虛擬語(yǔ)氣復(fù)習(xí)課。

一、說(shuō)教材：（教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析）

虛擬語(yǔ)氣是高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)以及難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣與客觀事實(shí)相反的三種情況，即與過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)相反的三種情況下，從句和主句動(dòng)詞的合適使用。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的內(nèi)容多，學(xué)生容易混淆，處理難度大。因而課本也用了較多內(nèi)容進(jìn)行講解。本節(jié)選擇了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的兩種句式if條件從句與wish賓語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行講解。

虛擬語(yǔ)氣，在高考中這幾年出現(xiàn)的越來(lái)越頻繁，幾乎成了逢考必出的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。而學(xué)生的書(shū)面表達(dá)，若能用虛擬語(yǔ)氣造一兩個(gè)句子，顯然能夠提高寫(xiě)作的檔次，所以，這個(gè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的練習(xí)總結(jié)也就顯得很有必要了。

二、說(shuō)學(xué)生:（學(xué)情分析)就學(xué)生而言，基礎(chǔ)參差不齊。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在平時(shí)的考試訓(xùn)練中一直都是他們感覺(jué)比較頭疼的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。大多學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)薄弱，所以對(duì)于該語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的點(diǎn)我從最基礎(chǔ)的著手，涉獵的點(diǎn)大都是常考點(diǎn)。

三、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

1.了解并掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣中與客觀事實(shí)相反的基本用法，學(xué)會(huì)解決高考中的試題，能夠?qū)⑻摂M語(yǔ)氣運(yùn)用到生活當(dāng)中。2.通過(guò)語(yǔ)法練習(xí)和語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生構(gòu)建一個(gè)完整的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)體系以便能夠靈活所學(xué)到的知識(shí)，做到舉一反三。

本節(jié)課的目的是想通過(guò)對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣專(zhuān)項(xiàng)的訓(xùn)練和總結(jié)，讓學(xué)生能夠真正掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣，以達(dá)到熟練做題，并在寫(xiě)作中運(yùn)用的目的。

四、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)：

了解和掌握虛擬語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目和基本原則。

重點(diǎn)句式：

（1）if 引導(dǎo)的條件從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣；

（2）wish/as if /if only 后面賓語(yǔ)從句的虛擬用法；

五、教學(xué)難點(diǎn)：

能運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣去完成試題練習(xí)并能運(yùn)用到情景對(duì)話當(dāng)中

六、說(shuō)教學(xué)模式： 教法采用的是任務(wù)型教學(xué)法。結(jié)合學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)，合作探究，利用1T4P教學(xué)模式，把各個(gè)任務(wù)由易到難分解到4個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中 在各項(xiàng)任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)方面盡可能的簡(jiǎn)化，但是也有個(gè)別難點(diǎn)需要滿(mǎn)足部分優(yōu)秀學(xué)生的需要。

七、說(shuō)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)： Step 1: Presentation 在Preparation環(huán)節(jié)，我通過(guò)展示幾幅圖片來(lái)引出幾個(gè)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情景：我要是擁有很多線，我會(huì)買(mǎi)一棟別墅。他要是開(kāi)車(chē)小心點(diǎn)，昨天就不會(huì)出車(chē)禍了。我要是明天能見(jiàn)到姚明，我要向他索要簽名。圖圖希望每天都是他的生日。和現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬，和過(guò)去相反的虛擬，和將來(lái)相反的虛擬，以及在賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬一一點(diǎn)出，讓學(xué)生去感知虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念，了解虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。

Step 2: Presentation 在這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)了五個(gè)任務(wù)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣在各種不同情境下的時(shí)態(tài)，混合型虛擬的使用，含蓄條件句中的虛擬，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略倒裝和虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的使用。后四個(gè)都是?？嫉闹攸c(diǎn)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略倒裝和在名詞性從句中的使用是難點(diǎn)。

在整個(gè)教學(xué)過(guò)程中，對(duì)于學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)前三個(gè)安排的都是自主學(xué)習(xí)，問(wèn)題設(shè)計(jì)的也不難，旨在通過(guò)學(xué)生對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)來(lái)鞏固他們以前所學(xué)的知識(shí)并進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化。對(duì)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省略設(shè)計(jì)的是同桌合作，小范圍的探究解決問(wèn)題。而對(duì)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用則是分組討論總結(jié)，以求達(dá)到夯實(shí)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)的目的。

Step3: Practice Practice環(huán)節(jié)是在近幾年的高考試題中選取了十道和虛擬語(yǔ)氣相關(guān)的單選題，讓學(xué)生去感知這個(gè)只是點(diǎn)在高考中的出題方向，并能在掌握知識(shí)后正確的做題來(lái)樹(shù)立自信心。這一部分他們獨(dú)立完成后核對(duì)答案并提出問(wèn)題，如果有必要，我會(huì)為他們對(duì)本節(jié)知識(shí)做進(jìn)一步的總結(jié)和補(bǔ)充。

Step4: Production 第四個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，即production環(huán)節(jié)，我設(shè)計(jì)了七道糾錯(cuò)題，這些錯(cuò)誤也是學(xué)生在平時(shí)的寫(xiě)作中常出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題，虛擬語(yǔ)氣在書(shū)面表達(dá)中具有舉足輕重的地位，所以，讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣寫(xiě)出一些高質(zhì)量的句子，我認(rèn)為很有必要。Homework: 對(duì)于作業(yè)布置，一是讓學(xué)生再次認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案上列出的有關(guān)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，而是給他們提供了三個(gè)漢語(yǔ)句子讓他們翻譯，讓他們?cè)俅胃兄摂M語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)法在句子中使用的奧妙。

七、設(shè)計(jì)理念及反思： 1.理念

本節(jié)課開(kāi)始向?qū)W生講解英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中有關(guān)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的內(nèi)容。虛擬語(yǔ)氣是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，也是高考所要考查的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。但由于其內(nèi)容過(guò)多而且復(fù)雜，不利于被學(xué)生掌握。如果講解內(nèi)容過(guò)多將不利于學(xué)生對(duì)其掌握。所以本節(jié)只講述虛擬語(yǔ)氣中最基本的情況，這樣既有利于學(xué)生理解與記憶，還可以在后邊的學(xué)習(xí)中進(jìn)行類(lèi)比。

由于學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)方面學(xué)得一般，因此課堂教學(xué)過(guò)程中要注意與學(xué)生互動(dòng)，充分調(diào)動(dòng)他們的積極性。多添加討論活動(dòng)，讓他們?cè)谟懻撝屑由顚?duì)知識(shí)的理解。同時(shí)，情景對(duì)話也是非常必要的，讓他運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí)去與別人溝通，將更有利于教學(xué)。

2.反思

在教學(xué)的過(guò)程中老師要注意引導(dǎo)學(xué)生成為學(xué)習(xí)的主角，通過(guò)對(duì)學(xué)生的引導(dǎo)讓他們學(xué)會(huì)主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。老師在講課過(guò)程中要多與生活實(shí)例結(jié)合，這樣更有利于吸引學(xué)生。另外，還要注意講課一定要講清楚，對(duì)于不容易理解的問(wèn)題要多講，對(duì)于學(xué)生不會(huì)的問(wèn)題一定要解答，幫助他們學(xué)習(xí)理解所學(xué)知識(shí)。最后，結(jié)合歷年高考題和各種練習(xí)題，夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。

第三篇：虛擬語(yǔ)氣學(xué)習(xí)心得

虛擬語(yǔ)氣難點(diǎn)分類(lèi)總結(jié)

首先要確認(rèn)是非真實(shí)的主觀愿望后遐想，才是虛擬語(yǔ)氣

一、什么情況從句必須用 sb.Should do 的形式

1）should不可以省略的情況：for fear that ,in case that ,lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)。

Eg:

She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in.她又把門(mén)檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進(jìn)入。

He started out earlier lest he should be late.他很早就出發(fā)了以防遲到。

2）should可以省略的情況。有兩種

第一種：表情緒.觀點(diǎn)的形容詞或名詞也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.如:necessary.important.impossible.natural.strange.surprising.funny.right.wrong.better.a pity等。

句型：It is.......that 結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語(yǔ)從句，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要用 should+原型 或只用動(dòng)詞原型.Eg：

第二種：

1、一想要(desire)

二寧愿(prefer)

三命令(order.command)

四建議(advice.suggest.propose)五要求(demand.require.request.desire.insist)中。無(wú)論主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為何種時(shí)態(tài)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用：“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”或只用“動(dòng)詞原形”。

如 He suggested that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He insisted that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He demand that we(should)take the teacher’s advice

He ordered that we(should)take the teacher’s advice。

二、在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，不管什么人稱(chēng)，be動(dòng)詞都要用were的形式。If I were you, I would pay more attention to English idioms and phrases.三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在wish 后的賓語(yǔ)從句，一定都是過(guò)去式形態(tài)。(if only和as if/as though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)構(gòu)與之相同）a、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)

eg.I wish I had your brains.(事實(shí)：我根本比不上你)

b、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成時(shí)

eg:.I wish I had known the truth of the matter.（事實(shí)：原來(lái)不知道）

c、表示將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：should/would + 動(dòng)詞原形

eg.I wish I should have a chance again.（事實(shí)：很難再有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)了）。

四、從句只接的過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)的情況。

①、would rather 從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去時(shí)（對(duì)應(yīng)現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)）、過(guò)去完成時(shí)（對(duì)應(yīng)過(guò)去）

I’d rather you had seen the film yesterday.我倒想你昨天看過(guò)了這場(chǎng)電影。

I’d rather you were here now.我倒想你現(xiàn)在在這兒。

We’d rather you went here tomorrow.我們倒想你明天去那兒

②、It is time that 從句：過(guò)去時(shí)。即從句用虛擬過(guò)去式。

如It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school.我該去學(xué)校接我的女兒了。

It is high time you should go to work.你早該上班了。

補(bǔ)充：而It is hignt time that從句：表示：“早該做某事了”，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is high time that + 主語(yǔ)+ should + 動(dòng)詞原形，It is high time you should go to work.你早該上班了。

含蓄條件句，在多數(shù)情況下，條件會(huì)暗含在短語(yǔ)中，如without?., but for?.等

But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的幫助，我們還會(huì)在工作呢。

Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是沒(méi)有你的指導(dǎo)，我不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步。

五、在whatever，whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter wh-word 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)比較特殊。① may +動(dòng)詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái))。如：

We will finish it on time no matter what / whatever may happen.不管發(fā)生什么事，我們都要按時(shí)完成。

We will find him wherever / no matter where he may be.無(wú)論他在哪里，我們都要找到他。

I will wait for him no matter how late he may come.不管他來(lái)的多么晚，我都會(huì)等他。

② may +完成式(指過(guò)去)，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。如：

You mustn’t be proud whatever / no matter what great progress you may have made.不管你取得了多么大的進(jìn)步，你也不能驕傲

We must respect him no matter what / whatever mistakes he may have made.不管他犯過(guò)什么錯(cuò)誤，我們必須尊敬他。

六、兩種特殊條件句需注意。

①、含蓄條件句，在多數(shù)情況下，條件會(huì)暗含在短語(yǔ)中，如without?., but for?.等

would +動(dòng)詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái))、現(xiàn)在完成式(指過(guò)去)。Eg： 1）But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的幫助，我們還會(huì)在工作呢。

2)Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是沒(méi)有你的指導(dǎo)，我不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步。

②、錯(cuò)綜條件句。1）從句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)不符。如：

If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的話，我現(xiàn)在也會(huì)成為一個(gè)工程師了。2）從句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)不符。如：

If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing.如果他今天有空的話，我們會(huì)已經(jīng)派他去北京了。

本文參考：虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解及練習(xí)題。

第四篇：小學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)-虛擬語(yǔ)氣

知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

虛擬，在漢語(yǔ)中表示一種假設(shè)的，不存在的情況，同樣，英語(yǔ)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語(yǔ)氣通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來(lái)表示。在初中階段，虛擬語(yǔ)氣一般用于下列情況：

一、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

1、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反

若與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式(be通常用were)，主句謂語(yǔ)用“should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”。如：

If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會(huì)帶把傘。（事實(shí)上我不可能是你）

If I knew her number I could ring her up.要是我知道她的電話號(hào)碼，我就可以給她打電話了。(事實(shí)上我不知道)

2、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反

若與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句：主語(yǔ)+had done，主句：主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+have done，例如：

If I'd left sooner，I'd have been on time.要是我早點(diǎn)動(dòng)身，我就準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了。(但我動(dòng)身太遲了)

If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那兒，我就會(huì)見(jiàn)到她。（事實(shí)：去晚了）

3、與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反

從句：①if+主語(yǔ)+were to do 主句：①主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do

②if+主語(yǔ)+did/were ②主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do

③if+主語(yǔ)+should+do ③主語(yǔ)+should/would/could/might+do

例如：If he went，would you go too? 如果他去，你也去嗎?(大概他不會(huì)去)If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天來(lái)這兒的話，我就跟他談?wù)?。（事?shí)：來(lái)的可能性很?。┳⒁馀c說(shuō)明：對(duì)于與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的情形，請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 一是這里說(shuō)的與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，實(shí)為對(duì)將來(lái)情況的推測(cè)；

二是此用法中的條件從句謂語(yǔ)除用過(guò)去式外，有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”(表示可能性極小，常譯為“萬(wàn)一”)或“were to+動(dòng)詞原形”(表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè))；

三是當(dāng)條件從句使用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)除可用“should(would, could, might)+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語(yǔ)氣外，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣或祈使語(yǔ)氣。如：

I should see him, I'll tell him.萬(wàn)一我見(jiàn)到他，我就告訴他。

If it should rain tomorrow, don’t expect me.萬(wàn)一明天下雨，就別等我了。

二、wish 后賓語(yǔ)從句

1、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。例如：

I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。(事實(shí)：我根本比不上你)

2、表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：had+done

例如：

I wish I had knownthe truth of the matter.我希望我那時(shí)就知道這件事情的真相。（事實(shí)：那時(shí)還不知道）

3、表示將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：should/would（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）+ 動(dòng)詞原形

I wish I should havea chance again.我希望我還能有一次這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。（事實(shí)：很難再有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)了）常見(jiàn)考法

對(duì)于虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考查，在單項(xiàng)和完形填空中出現(xiàn)的較多，在閱讀理解中，也常會(huì)出現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子。我們掌握了虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法，會(huì)幫助我們更好的理解短文。

典型例題：Mary is ill today.If she _____，she ____ absent from school.A.were not ill，wouldn't be

B.had been ill，wouldn't have been

C.had been ill，should have been

D.hadn't been ill，could be 解析： 題干的意思是“ Mary今天病了，如果她沒(méi)生病，今天她就會(huì)去上學(xué)了”。因?yàn)榈谝痪湔f(shuō)，Mary今天病了，所以本題考查的是與現(xiàn)在情況相反的事情，因之，主句用would、should、could+動(dòng)詞原型，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：A 誤區(qū)提醒

1、在學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的時(shí)候，要對(duì)過(guò)去、現(xiàn)在、將來(lái)的虛擬的做出正確的判斷。

2、一定要記住，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式，動(dòng)詞be要用were。典型例題：I ________ him the answer ________ possible，but I was so busy then.A.could tell，if it had been B.must have told，were it C.should have told，had it been D.should have told，should it be

解析：先分開(kāi)看此題，由于設(shè)空處在主句，所以先看主句，因?yàn)橛芍骶淇床怀鲱}目所表達(dá)的具體時(shí)間，所以再看從句，此從句是由but引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折句，所表達(dá)的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，意為“我那時(shí)很忙”，所以，主句發(fā)生的事情是與過(guò)去事情相反的事情，因之，主句用could、should、would+動(dòng)詞原形，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。答案：C

第五篇：虛擬語(yǔ)氣連系動(dòng)詞

基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法小練

虛擬語(yǔ)氣

用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：

1.If people ___________________(drive)more slowly, there wouldn’t be so many accidents.2.If you had worked carefully, you ___________________(not make)so many mistakes.3.The boat wouldn’t have drifted away, if we ______________________(tie)it up.4.If I had known you already _________________(have)a typewriter, I ___________________(not, buy)one

for your birthday.5.If he _________________(be)here this afternoon I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorrow, the match _________________(put off).7.But for your help, we ____________________(not be)able to finish the work in time.8.If it ___________________(not, be)for the leadership of the Party, we would not have achieved so much.9.I wish I __________________(study)hard while I was young.10.It is about time that fence __________________________(mend).11.My request is that we _____________________(hold)another session to discuss the problem.12.It is strange that the car ________________(break)down at exactly the same place where it

___________________(break)down yesterday.13.The baby smiled as if he ____________________(understand)what his mother ______________(say).14.He talked as if he ________________(do)all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I _________________(do)

most of it.15.If only we _____________________(have)a phone!I’m tired of queuing outside the public phone box.16.-----“Can we come in late tomorrow?”

-----“I’d rather you _____________(come)in on time.”

17.He looks as if he _________________(be)ill for a long time.18.He always talks as though he _____________________(address)a public meeting.19.If a metal ___________________(heat), it will expand.20.I _________________(stay)home if it rains this evening.選擇題：

1.If I _______ you, I’d join the army.A.amB.wasC.wereD.would be

2.“If the sun ______ tomorrow, what would we do?”

A.will not riseB.would not riseC.did not riseD.does not rise

3.If you ______ to see Mary, what would you tell her?

A.areB.will be goingC.mustD.were

4.I would have said “Hello” to him if I ______ your brother.A.could seeB.had seenC.will seeD.will have seen

5.If you had wanted to buy a record, what ________?

A.would you buyB.had you boughtC.would you have boughtD.would you be buying

6.If the tablets had dissolved, John ______.A.would probably dieB.had probably died

C.probably would be diedD.would probably have died

7.________ if you had lost your watch?

A.Hadn’t you been upsetB.Wouldn’t you be upset

C.Weren’t you upsetD.Wouldn’t you have upset

8.-----“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.”

-----“If he had made more friends here, he might ________.”

A.have stayedB.have stayC.stayedD.stay

9.If I had a bike, I ______ it to you yesterday.A.would have lentB.would lend

C.would have lendD.could lend

10.____________, John would not have failed.A.If he has listened to meB.Had he listened to me

C.If he listened to meD.As he listened to me

11.Had Alice been more hardworking, she ________.A.had not failedB.would not have failed

C.would not failD.could not be failed

12.-----“Steve made a reservation already.”

-----“______ he change his mind, he can cancel it.”

A.ShouldB.WouldC.IfD.So

13.I wished it _______ but it did.A.occurred notB.did not accur

C.had not occurredD.would not occur

14.I _______ Professor Jones had taught me this equation.A.believeB.deeply thinkC.wishD.suppose

15.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ around the earth.A.circlesB.is circlingC.be circlingD.were circling

16.The computer “teacher” was talking with his students as though it ______ a human teacher.A.wasB.wereC.had beenD.be

17.Jane appears as though she _______ the secret.A.knowsB.knewC.has knownD.had known

18.If only she _______ of Aunt Ruth!

A.was not terribly so frightenedB.were not terribly so frightened

C.be not so terribly frightenedD.were not so terribly frightened

連系動(dòng)詞(20)1.______________ __________________

3.___________/____________ __________/___________ ________________/_______________

5_____________ ______________ _________________ __________________ ________________

7________________________________________________________________________

______________________ _______________________________________________ __________________ Practice：

1.What he said sounds_______.A.nicelyB.pleasantlyC.friendlyD.wonderfully

2.We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell_____.A.well, wellB.bad, badC.well, badlyD.badly, bad

3.He turned ____ ten years ago but later he became _____.A.a teacher;a doctorB.teacher;doctorC.teacher;a doctorD.a teacher;doctor

4.The dog _____lost yesterday.A.gotB.becameC.turnedD.fall

5.The old man must have ____ mad.A.goneB.turnedC.fallenD.driven

6.I felt ____ that I should leave.A.strongB.stronglyC.to be strongD.very strong

7.—Do you like the material?—Yes, it _____ very soft.A.is feelingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt

8.I am afraid the weather will _____ hot for a few days.A.lastB.be lastedC.stayD.be stayed

9.Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _____ poor.A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues

10.I love to go to the seaside in summer.It _____ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes

11.The cloth that ___________ smooth and soft ___________.A.feels;sells wellB.feels;is well soldC.is felt;sells wellD.is felt;sells good

12.___________ delicious, the food was soon sold out.A.TastedB.Being tastedC.TastingD.To taste

13.Happy birthday, Alice!So you have ____________ twenty-one already.A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed

14.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ___________ as the plane was making a landing.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.to be seating