第一篇：麻醉科常用詞匯及藥物中英文對照表

麻醉科常用詞匯中英文對照表

監(jiān)測 Monitering

二氧化碳圖 Capnography脈搏氧 Pulse Oximetry 中心靜脈壓 Central Venous Pressure 中心靜脈置管 Central Line有創(chuàng)動(dòng)脈壓 Invasive blood pressure

動(dòng)脈置管 Arterial line

神經(jīng)刺激器 Neuromuscular stimulator

血?dú)夥治?Blood gas analysis高碳酸血癥 Hypercarpnia

低碳酸血癥 Hypocapnia

低氧血癥 Hypoxemia

酸中毒 Acidosis

堿中毒 Alkalosis

呼吸性 Respiratory

代謝性 Metabolic

碳酸氫鈉 Bicarbonate

鉀 Potassium

高鉀血癥 Hyperkalemia

低鉀血癥 Hypokalemia鈉 Sodium

高鈉血癥 Hypernatremia低鈉學(xué)癥 hyponatremia

鈣 Calcium

鎂 Magnesium

喉痙攣 Laryngospasm

支氣管痙攣 Bronchospasm肺水腫 Pneumonedema

異感

Paraesthesia

惡性高熱 Malignant hyperthermia

栓塞 Embolism

血栓 Thrombus

氣胸 Pneumothorax

復(fù)蘇 Resuscitation

心房的 Atrial 心室的 Ventricular 纖顫 Fibrillation 心跳 AsystoleTachycardiaBradycardia

心血管 Cardiovascular 二尖瓣 Mitral valve 三尖瓣 Tricuspid 主動(dòng)脈瓣 aortic valve 狹窄 Stenosis 反流 Regurgitation 心肌病 Cardimyopathy 動(dòng)脈瘤 Aneurysm

肺部的Pulmonary

哮喘 Asthma 肺氣腫 Emphysema

內(nèi)分泌Endocrine

糖尿病 Diabetes

嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤Pheochromocytoma 甲亢 Hyperthyroidism 甲低 Hypothyroidism 甲旁亢 hyperparathyroid

ism

肥胖 Obesity硬膜外 Epidural 腰麻 Spinal 臂叢 Brachial plexus

麻醉科常用藥物中英文對照表

安氟醚 異氟醚 七氟醚 地氟醚 笑氣 氟烷

異丙酚 依托咪酯 氯胺酮 咪唑安定 硫噴妥鈉

嗎啡 芬太尼 瑞芬太尼 阿芬太尼

羅庫溴銨 泮庫溴銨 阿曲庫銨 維庫溴銨 哌庫溴銨 司可林

肝素

魚精蛋白 抑酞酶

葡萄糖

呋塞米 可的松

氫化可的松 地塞米松

Enflurane

Isoflurane

Sevoflurane

Desflurane

Nitrous oxideHalothane

Propofol

Etomidate

Ketamine

Midazolam

Thiopental

Morphine

Fentanyl

Remifentanil

Alfentanil

Rocuronium

PancuroniumAtracurium

Vecuronium

PipecuroniumSuccinylcholine

Heparin

Protamine

Aprotinin

Dextrose

Glucose

Frusemide

Cortisone

HydrocortisoneDexamesathone

利多卡因 布比卡因 羅哌卡因 的卡因 普魯卡因

腎上腺素

去氧腎上腺素去氧腎上腺素麻黃素 多巴胺

多巴酚丁胺

硝普鈉 硝酸甘油 艾司洛爾 拉貝洛爾 普萘洛爾 維拉帕米 肼屈嗪 酚妥拉明

阿托品 新斯的明 格隆溴銨 甲氧氯普胺 昂丹司瓊

Lignocaine Bupivacaine Ropivacaine Tetracaine Procaine

Epinephrine Adrenaline Phenylephrine Norepinephrine Ephedrine Dopamine Dobutamine

Nitroprusside Nitroglycerin Esmolol Labetalol Propranolol Verapamil Hydralazine Regitine

Phentolamine

Atropine Neostigmine Glycopyrrolate Metoclopramide Ondansetron

第二篇：數(shù)學(xué)中英文詞匯對照表

集合 set

非負(fù)整數(shù)集the set of all non-negative integers 自然數(shù)集 the set of all natural numbers 整數(shù)集 the set of all positive integers 有理數(shù)集 the set of all rational numbers 實(shí)數(shù)集 the set of all real numbers 元素 element 屬于 belong to

不屬于 not belong to 有限集 finite set 無限集 infinite set 空集 empty set 包含 inclusion ,include 包含于 lie in 子集 subset 真子集 proper subset 補(bǔ)集（余集）complementary set 全集 universe 交集 intersection 偶數(shù)集 the set of all even numbers 奇數(shù)集 the set of all odd numbers 含絕對值的不等式 inequality with absolute value 一元二次不等式 one-variable quadratic inequality 邏輯 logic 邏輯聯(lián)結(jié)詞 logical connective 或 or 且 and 非 not 真 true 假 false 真值表 truth table 原命題 original proposition 逆命題 converse proposition 否命題 negative proposition 逆否命題 converse-negative proposition 充分條件 sufficient condition 必要條件 necessary condition ……的充要條件是……

…if and only if… 函數(shù) function 自變量 argument 定義域domain 值域 range 區(qū)間 interval 閉區(qū)間 closed interval 開區(qū)間open interval 函數(shù)的圖像 graph of function 映射mapping 象 image 原象 inverse image 單調(diào)monotone 增函數(shù) increasing function 減函數(shù) decreasing function 單調(diào)區(qū)間 monotone interval 反函數(shù) inverse function 指數(shù) exponent N次方根 nth root 根式 radical 根指數(shù) radical exponent 被開方數(shù) radicand 指數(shù)函數(shù) exponential function 對數(shù)logarithm 常用對數(shù)common logarithm 自然對數(shù)natural logarithm 對數(shù)函數(shù) logarithmic function 數(shù)列 sequence of number 項(xiàng) term 通項(xiàng)公式 the formula of general term 有窮數(shù)列 finite sequence of number 無窮數(shù)列 infinite sequence of number 遞推公式 recurrence formula 等差數(shù)列 arithmetic progression 公差arithmetic series 等差中項(xiàng)common difference 等比中項(xiàng) arithmetic mean 等比數(shù)列 geometric progression, geometric series 公比 common ratio 等比中項(xiàng) geometric mean 三角函數(shù) trigonometric function 始邊 initial side 終邊 terminal side 正角 positive angle 負(fù)角 negative angle 零角zero angel 象限角 quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制 radian measure 角度制 degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切 tangent 余切 cotangent 正割 secant 余割 cosecant 誘導(dǎo)公式 induction formula 正弦曲線sine curve 余弦曲線cosine curve 最大值maximum 最小值minimum 周期 period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函數(shù) periodic function 振幅 amplitude of vibration 頻率frequency 相位 phase 初相 initial phase 反正弦 arc sine 反余弦 arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 有向線段directed line segment 向量 vector

零向量 zero vector 單位向量 unit vector 平行向量 parallel vectors 相等向量 equal vectors 共線向量 collinear vectors 實(shí)數(shù)與向量的積 multiplication of vector by scalar 基底 base 數(shù)量積 translation 正弦定理 inner product 余弦定理 sine theorem 算術(shù)平均數(shù) arithmetic mean 幾何平均數(shù) method of compare 比較法 method of compare 綜合法 method of synthesis 分析法 method of analysis 傾斜角 gradient 斜率 point slope form 點(diǎn)斜式 gradient intercept form 截距 general form 斜截式 included angle 兩點(diǎn)式 two-point form 一般式 general form 夾角included angle 線性規(guī)劃 linear programming 約束條件 constraint condition 目標(biāo)函數(shù) objective function 可行域 feasible region 最優(yōu)解 optimal solution 曲線 curve 坐標(biāo)法 method of coordinate 解析幾何 analytic geometry 笛卡兒 Descartes 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程 standard equation 一般方程 general equation 參數(shù)方程 parameter equation 參數(shù) parameter 圓錐曲線 point conic 橢圓 ellipse 焦點(diǎn) focus, focal points 焦距 focal length 長軸 major axis 短軸 minor axis 離心率 eccentricity 雙曲線

hyperbola 實(shí)軸 real axis 虛軸 imaginary axis 漸近線 asymptote 拋物線

parabola 準(zhǔn)線 directrix 直線 line平面 plane 幾何體 geometric solid平面圖形 plane figure 立體圖形 slid figure 相交直線 intersecting lines平行直線 parallel lines 異面直線 skew lines 垂線 perpendicular line 垂足 foot of a oblique line 垂線段 perpendicular line segment 公垂線 common perpendicular line 公垂線段 common perpendicular segment 垂面 perpendicular plane 射影 projection 斜線 oblique line 斜足foot of a oblique line 斜線段 oblique line segment 半平面 semi-plane 二面角 dihedral angle平面角 plane angle 直二面角 right dihedral angle 棱柱 prism 底面base 頂點(diǎn) vertex 面 face 棱 edge 側(cè)面 lateral face 側(cè)棱 lateral edge 斜棱柱 oblique prism 直棱柱 right prism 正棱柱 regular prism平行六面體 parallelepiped 長方體 rectangular prism 正方體 cube 棱錐pyramid 正棱錐 regular pyramid 多面體 polyhedron 凸多面體 convex polyhedron 正多面體 regular polyhedron 簡單多面體 simple polyhedron 球 solid sphere, spheroid 球心 center of a solid sphere 球面 sphere 分類計(jì)數(shù)原理 classified enumeration principle 分步計(jì)數(shù)原理 fractional enumeration principle 排列 arrangement, permutation 排列數(shù) number of arrangements 全排列 total arrangement 階乘 factorial 組合 combination 組合數(shù) number of combination 二項(xiàng)式定理 binomial theorem 二項(xiàng)式系數(shù) binomial coefficient 二項(xiàng)式展開式 binomial expansion 必然事件 certain event 不可能事件 impossible event 隨機(jī)事件 random event 試驗(yàn) trial 頻率 frequency 等可能事件 equiprobability event 基本事件 elementary event 概率 probability 互斥事件 exclusive events 對立事件 complementary events

相互獨(dú)立事件 mutually independent events 獨(dú)立重復(fù)試驗(yàn) independent repeated trials 概率 probability 統(tǒng)計(jì) statistics 隨機(jī)變量 random variable 離散型隨機(jī)變量discrete random variable 概率分布 probability distribution 分布列 distribution series 數(shù)學(xué)期望 mathematical expectation 方差 variance 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差 standard deviation 抽樣方法 sampling method 簡單隨機(jī)抽樣 simple random sampling 系統(tǒng)抽樣 systematic sampling 總體分布 population sampling 估計(jì) estimation 正態(tài)分布 normal distribution 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)正態(tài)分布 standard normal distribution 線性回歸 linear regression 相關(guān) correlation 回歸分析 regression analysis 散點(diǎn)圖 scatter diagram 回歸直線 regression straight line 線性回歸分析 liner regression analysis 相關(guān)系數(shù) correlation coefficient 假設(shè)檢驗(yàn) hypothesis testing 歸納法 induction 數(shù)學(xué)歸納法 mathematical induction 完全歸納法 complete induction 不完全歸納法 incomplete induction 極限 limit 無窮大 infinitely great 無窮等比數(shù)列 infinite geometric sequence 左極限 left limit 右極限 right limit 連續(xù)（的）continuous 連續(xù)函數(shù) continuous function 導(dǎo)數(shù) derivative 可導(dǎo)的 differentiable 變化率rate of change 導(dǎo)函數(shù)derived function 復(fù)合函數(shù) composite function 極大值 maximum value 極小值 minimum value 極值 extreme value 虛數(shù)單位 imaginary unit 復(fù)數(shù) complex number 復(fù)數(shù)集 set of complex numbers 虛數(shù)imaginary number 純虛數(shù) purely imaginary number 復(fù)數(shù)的代數(shù)形式 algebraic form of complex number 實(shí)部 real part 虛部 imaginary part 復(fù)平面 complex plane 實(shí)軸 real axis 虛軸 imaginary axis 模 modulus 輻角 argument 復(fù)數(shù)的三角形式 trigonometric form of complex number 棣莫弗公式 De Moivre’s Formula 分式

fraction 通分

changing fractions to a common denominator 約分 reduction of a fraction 分式方程 fractional equation 反比例函數(shù) inverse proportional function 雙曲線 hyperbola 定理 theorem平行四邊形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle 菱形 rhombus 正方形 square 梯形 trapezium 等腰梯形 isosceles trapezium 重心 barycenter 加權(quán)平均數(shù) weighted average 權(quán) weight 中位數(shù) median 眾數(shù) mode 極差 range 方差 variance平面圖形 plane figure 展開圖 net 體 solid 面 surface 線 line 點(diǎn) point 相交 intersection 交點(diǎn) point of intersection 中點(diǎn) center 距離 distance 角 angle 度 degree 角的平分線 angular bisector 余角 complementary angle 補(bǔ)角補(bǔ)角 supplementary angle

第三篇：管理學(xué)—應(yīng)用詞匯中英文對照表

蔚海藍(lán)天

管理學(xué)詞匯中英文對照

Accountability 責(zé)任感

Achievement-oriented leadership 成就取向型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

Activity ratio 活動(dòng)比率

Adaptive organization(horizontal corporation)自適應(yīng)組織

Administrative management 行政管理Affiliation needs 歸屬的需要Aggregate planning 綜合計(jì)劃

Alternative courses of action 可供選擇的行動(dòng)

Artifacts 人工環(huán)境

Assessment center 評價(jià)中心Assets 資產(chǎn)Attitudes 態(tài)度Authority 職權(quán)Autonomy 自治

Balance sheet 資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表

BCG matrix 波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)矩陣Behavior modification 行為修正Behavioral approach 行為法

Behavioral decision model 行為決策模型Boundary-spanning roles 跨界角色Bounded rationality 有限理性Brainstorming 頭腦風(fēng)暴法Breakeven analysis 頭腦風(fēng)暴法Budgets 預(yù)算

Bureaucratic control 官僚控制

Bureaucratic management 官僚管理Business ethics 商業(yè)道德

Business portfolio matrix 商業(yè)資產(chǎn)組合矩陣 Business strategy 商業(yè)策略Cash cows 金錢牛

Chain of command 指揮鏈Changing 變革

Charismatic authority 魅力權(quán)威模式Classical perspective 古典管理理論Closed system 封閉系統(tǒng)Code of ethics 倫理規(guī)范Coercive power 強(qiáng)制力Cohesiveness 凝聚力

Communication 溝通

Communication network 溝通網(wǎng)Compensation 報(bào)酬

Competitive advantage 競爭優(yōu)勢

Computer-aided software engineering(CASE)計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)

Conceptual skill 概念能力Concurrent control 并行控制Constraints 強(qiáng)制，約束

Contingency approaches 隨即制宜法Contingency perspective 權(quán)變觀Contingency planning 隨即計(jì)劃

Continuous schedule of reinforcement 連續(xù)性獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

Continuous-flow production system 連續(xù)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)

controlling 控制職能Controls 控制

Corporate social responsibility 公司社會責(zé)任

Corporate strategy 公司戰(zhàn)略

Cost leadership strategy 成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略Current assets 流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)Current liabilities 流動(dòng)負(fù)債

Customer divisional structure 消費(fèi)者多樣化結(jié)構(gòu)

Data 數(shù)據(jù)

Debt ratios 負(fù)債比率Decision making 決策

Decision support system(DSS)決策制定系統(tǒng)

Decision tree 決策樹(體系)Decision varialbes 決策變量decisional roles 決策角色Decoding 解碼Delegation 授權(quán)

Delphi technique 魔鬼提倡法Devil's advocacy 唱反調(diào)的人Dialectical inquiry 辯證探求法Differention strategy 差異化戰(zhàn)略Directive leadership 指示領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

Diversity 多樣化

Divisional structure 部門是結(jié)構(gòu)Dogs 瘦狗

Downward communication 下行溝通Dynamic network 動(dòng)態(tài)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

Economic feasibility 經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性Effectiveness 效果Efficiency 效率

Electronic data interchange(EDI)EDI電子數(shù)據(jù)交換

Electronic funds transfer(EFT)電子資金轉(zhuǎn)換

Electronic mail(e-mail)電子郵件

Employee assistance programs(EAPs)員工輔助項(xiàng)目顧問

Employee-centered work redesign 員工工作再設(shè)計(jì)

Employment test 就業(yè)測試

Empowering employees 職工授權(quán)Encoding 編碼

End users 終極用戶Entropy 衰退趨勢

Escalation of commitment 遞增效忠Esteem needs 尊重的需要Ethical behavior 道德表現(xiàn)Ethical dilemma 倫理困境Ethics 倫理Expectancy 期望

Expected monetary value(EMV)預(yù)期貨幣價(jià)值

Expected value 預(yù)期價(jià)值Expert power 專家權(quán)力Expert system 專家系統(tǒng)

External communication 外部環(huán)境External customer 外部顧客External forces 外部力量Extinction 廢止Feedback 反饋Feedback 反饋Feedback 反饋

Feedback(corrective)control 反饋校正控制 Feedback controls 反饋控制

Feedforward(preventive)control 前饋預(yù)防控制Feedforward controls 前饋控制Fixed assets 固定資產(chǎn)

Fixed-interval schedule 定時(shí)給獎(jiǎng)Fixed-position layout 定位式布置Fixed-ratio schedule 定比給獎(jiǎng)Focus strategy 集中戰(zhàn)略

Force-field analysis 立場分析Formal groups 正式群體

Functional manager 職能管理者Functional strategy 職能管理者Functional structure 職能式戰(zhàn)略GE matrix 職能式結(jié)構(gòu)

General environment 一般環(huán)境General manager 總經(jīng)理

Generic strategies 一般性策略

Geographic divisional structure 全球多樣化戰(zhàn)略

Global strategy 全球化戰(zhàn)略Goal setting 目標(biāo)結(jié)構(gòu)Goals 目標(biāo)

Grand strategy 主戰(zhàn)略

Grapevine 藤狀網(wǎng)絡(luò)式溝通Group 群體

Groupthink 群體思想Groupware 群件

Halo-and-horn effect 月暈效應(yīng)Hawthorne effect 關(guān)注作用

Human resource information systems(HRISs)人力資源信息系統(tǒng)

Human resource management 人力資源管理 Human resource planning 人力資源計(jì)劃Human rights approach 人權(quán)方法Human skills 人工技巧Hybrid layout 混合式布置Hygiene factors 保健因素hyperchange 極度改變Income statement 損益表Informal groups 非正式群體Information 信息

Information overload 信息過量Information power 信息權(quán)力Information technology 信息技術(shù)Informational roles 信息角色I(xiàn)nputs 投入

Instrumental values 工具價(jià)值Instrumentality 媒介;工具;手段Intangible costs 無形成本

Integrating mechanisms 結(jié)合機(jī)制Interdependence 互相依賴Internal customer 內(nèi)部顧客Internal forces 內(nèi)力

Internal network 內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò)

Interpersonal roles 人際交往能力Intuition 直覺Jargon 行話

Job analysis 工作分析;工種分析Job depth 工作深度

Job description 工作說明Job description 工作說明Job design 工作設(shè)計(jì)

Job enlargement 工作擴(kuò)大化Job enrichment 工作豐富化Job rotation 崗位輪換Job satisfaction 工作滿意Job scope 工作豐富化

Job specifications 工作規(guī)范;操作規(guī)程Job-shop production system 職務(wù)專業(yè)化Justice approach 公正合理觀

Just-in-time(JIT)inventory management 及時(shí)存貨系統(tǒng)

Labor-management relations 勞工管理關(guān)系Language systems and metaphors 語言習(xí)慣Lateral communication 橫向溝通Law of effect 效應(yīng)法則

Law of requisite variety 必要多樣性定律Leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

Leadership substitutes 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)替代leading 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)

Least preferred coworker(LPC)scale 最不喜歡的同事

Legitimate power 法定權(quán)利Liabilities 負(fù)債

Line personnel 線形人事管理Liquidity ratios 流動(dòng)率

Local-area network(LAN)局域網(wǎng)Locus of control 控制點(diǎn)

Locus of decision making 局域網(wǎng)Long-term liabilities 長期債務(wù)Machiavellian personality 馬基雅弗利人格理論

Management 管理

Management by exception 例外管理

Management by objectives(MBO)目標(biāo)管理責(zé)任制

Management information system(MIS)信息管理系統(tǒng)

Managers 經(jīng)理

Master production schedule 主生產(chǎn)排程Matket growth rate 市場增長率Matrix structure 矩陣結(jié)構(gòu)

Mechanistic systems 機(jī)械式組織Medium 載體Messages 消息Motivation 激勵(lì)

Motivator factors 激勵(lì)因素

Multidomestic strategy 多元化策略Myths 虛構(gòu)的故事

Need for achievement 成就需要Negative reinforcement 消極強(qiáng)化Network structure 網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)Noise 噪聲

Nominal group technique(NGT)名義群體技術(shù)

Nonprogrammed decision 非程序化決策Nonverbal communicationa 非語言溝通Norms 標(biāo)準(zhǔn);規(guī)范;典范;限額Objectives 目標(biāo)

Objectives function 目標(biāo)函數(shù)Open system 開放系統(tǒng)

Operational feasibility 造作可行性O(shè)perational plan 作業(yè)計(jì)劃

Operational planing 作業(yè)計(jì)劃職能Opportunity 機(jī)遇

Oral communication 口頭交流Organic(clan)control 有機(jī)控制Organic system 有機(jī)系統(tǒng)organization 組織安排

Organizational change 組織變革Organizational control 組織控制Organizational culture 組織文化Organizational design 住址決策

Organizational development(OD)組織發(fā)展

Organizational feasibility 組織可行性O(shè)rganizational mission 組織使命Organizational structure 組織結(jié)構(gòu)Organizing 組織Orientation 定位Outputs 產(chǎn)出

Owner's equity 所有者權(quán)益

Partial schedule of reinforcement 間斷性獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

Participative leadership 參與型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Participative management 參與管理Path-goal model 途徑-目標(biāo)模型

Payoff table 決定(因素)表;結(jié)算表;成果表Payoffs 發(fā)工資

Performance appraisal 績效考評Personality 性格

PERT(program Evaluation and review technique)計(jì)劃審評技術(shù)

Physiological needs 生理的需要Plan 計(jì)劃

planning 計(jì)劃,部署Policies 政策

Pooled interdependence 共有相互依存Positive reinforcement 正強(qiáng)化Power 權(quán)利Problem 問題Procedures 程序

Process consultation 過程咨詢Process layout 工藝式布置

Product divisional structure 生產(chǎn)部門式結(jié)構(gòu) Product layout 產(chǎn)品式布置Productivity 生產(chǎn)力

Profitability ratios 收益比率

Programmed decision 程序化決策Programs 規(guī)劃

Project production system 工程生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)Projects 項(xiàng)目

Protected class 受保護(hù)一類Punishment 懲罰

Quality assurance 質(zhì)量保證Quality circle QC小組

Quality control 質(zhì)量管理;質(zhì)量控制Quality management 質(zhì)量管理Question marks 問號Rational-economic decision model 理性經(jīng)濟(jì)決策模型

Rational-legal authority 法理權(quán)威模式

Reciprocal interdependence 交互性的互賴性Recruitment 招聘

Reengineering 工程再造Referent power 指示權(quán)力Refreezing 再凍結(jié)階段

Relationship orientation 關(guān)系導(dǎo)向

Relationship-orientation roles 關(guān)系導(dǎo)向角色Relative market share 相關(guān)市場份額

Repetitive, assembly-line, or mass-production system 重復(fù)性、流水線、大量生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)Responsibility 職責(zé)Restraining forces 阻力Reward power 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)權(quán)力Rites 儀式

Robotics 機(jī)器人技術(shù)Roles 任務(wù)，角色Rules 規(guī)則

Satisficing 滿意性

Scalar principle 等級原則

Schedules of reinforcement 強(qiáng)化時(shí)間表Scientific management 科學(xué)管理Security needs 安全的需要Selection 選拔

Selective perception 選擇性理解

Self-actualization needs 自我實(shí)現(xiàn)需要Self-esteem 自尊

Self-management teams 自我管理小組Self-management teams 自我管理小組Self-monitoring 自我控制

Self-oriented roles 自我取向角色

Sequential interdependence 順序式互賴Sexual harassment 性騷擾Single-use plans 一次性計(jì)劃Skill vareity 多種技能SLT model 情境領(lǐng)導(dǎo)模型Social context 社會關(guān)聯(lián)性

Span of control 控制幅度，管理幅度Special-purpose team 特殊目標(biāo)小組Stable environment 環(huán)境穩(wěn)定Stable network 穩(wěn)固網(wǎng)絡(luò)

Staff personnel 員工人事管理

Staffing 人員雇傭；職工配備Stakeholders 利益相關(guān)者Standing plans 長設(shè)計(jì)劃Stars 明星

States of nature 自然狀態(tài)Stereotyping 典型化Stories 事跡

Strategic analysis 戰(zhàn)略分析Strategic control 戰(zhàn)略控制

Strategic decision-making matrix 戰(zhàn)略決策矩陣

Strategic goals 戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)Strategic plan 戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃Strategic plan 戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃

Strategic planning 戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃職能Strategic planning 戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃職能Strategy formulation 戰(zhàn)略制定Strategy Implementation 戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施Supportive leadership 支持型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Survey feedback 調(diào)查反饋Synergy 共同作用

Systems analysis 系統(tǒng)分析

Systems development life cycle(SDLC)發(fā)展周期系統(tǒng)

Tangible costs 可收回成本Task environment 任務(wù)環(huán)境Task identity 任務(wù)說明

Task orientation 任務(wù)導(dǎo)向型Task significance 任務(wù)重要性

Task-oriented roles 任務(wù)導(dǎo)向型角色Team building 團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)

Technical feasibility 技術(shù)可行性Technical skills 技術(shù)技能Telecommuting 遠(yuǎn)程辦公Terminal values 終極價(jià)值Theory X(管理)X理論Theory Y(管理)Y理論Theory Z(管理)Z理論

Total quality management(TQM)TQM全面質(zhì)量管理

Total quality management(TQM)TQM全面質(zhì)量管理

Traditional authority 傳統(tǒng)權(quán)威模式Training 培訓(xùn)

Trait approach 特征途徑

Transactional leadership 執(zhí)行性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Transformation process 變革過程Turbulent environments 動(dòng)蕩環(huán)境Type A orientation A型意向者Type B orientation B型意向者Unfreezing 解凍

Unity of command 統(tǒng)一指揮

Upward communication 上行溝通Utility approach 功利主義觀Valence 效價(jià)Validity 效度Values 價(jià)值

Variable-ratio schedule 變動(dòng)比率增時(shí)制Variance reporting 視頻會議Videoconferencing 視頻會議Vigilance 警戒

Whistleblower 揭發(fā)

Wide-area network(WAN)局域網(wǎng)Written communication 筆頭交流

第四篇：重要?dú)v史詞匯中英文對照表

重要?dú)v史詞匯中英文對照表 作者： 陳亮

重要詞匯中英文對照表

馬可·波羅

Marco Polo

達(dá)·迦馬

Vasco Da Gama

麥哲倫

Ferdinand Magellan

印第安人

Indian

喬托

米開朗琪羅

拉菲爾

馬基雅維利

塞萬提斯

伽利略

中世紀(jì)

哥倫布

商業(yè)革命

殖民主義

奴隸貿(mào)易

文藝復(fù)興

人文主義

但丁

達(dá)·芬奇

莎士比亞

哥白尼

宗教改革

馬丁·路德

閔采爾

胡格諾派

加爾文派

亨利八世

圈地運(yùn)動(dòng)

都鐸王朝

斯圖亞特王朝

詹姆士一世

查理一世

英國國教

清教徒

克倫威爾

護(hù)國公

查理二世

詹姆士二世

Giotto

Buonarroti Michelangelo Raphael

Niccolò Machiavelli

Miguel de Cervantes

Galileo

Medieval Period

Christopher Columbus

Commercial Revolution colonialism

slave trade

Renaissance

humanism

Dante

Leonardo da Vinci

William Shakespeare

Nicolaus Copernicus

The Reformation

Martin Luther

Thomas Müntzer

Huguenots

Calvinists

Henry Ⅷ

enclosure movement

House of Tudor

House of Stuart

James Ⅰ

Charles Ⅰ

the Anglican Church

Puritan

Oliver Cromwell

Lord Protector

Charles Ⅱ

James Ⅱ

輝格黨

托利黨

光榮革命

《權(quán)利法案》

君主立憲制

波旁王朝

哈布斯堡王朝

重商主義

路易十四

Whig

Tory

Glorious Revolution

Bill of Rights

Constitutional Monarchy

House of Bourbon

House of Habsburg

mercantilism

Louis ⅩⅣ

彼得大帝

腓特烈二世

凡爾賽宮

約瑟夫二世

開明專制

英國東印度公司

《航海條例》

七年戰(zhàn)爭

啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)

霍布斯

洛克

伏爾泰

孟德斯鳩

盧梭

狄德羅

百科全書派

第三等級

路易十六

三級會議

國民議會

制憲議會

巴士底監(jiān)獄

法國大革命

《人權(quán)宣言》

、Peter the Great

Frederick Ⅱ

The Palace of Versailles

Joseph Ⅱ

enlightened despotism

British East India Company

Navigation Acts

Seven Years’ War

Enlightenment

Thomas Hobbes

John Locke

Voltaire

Charles Louis de Secondat Montesquieu

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Denis Diderot

Encyclopedists

the Third Estate

Louis ⅩⅥ

the Estate-General

National Assembly

Constituent Assembly

the Bastille

French Revolution

Declaration of the Rights of Man and

of the Citizen

雅各賓派

the Jacobins

羅伯斯庇爾

Maximilien de Robespierre

熱月政變

督政府

霧月政變

拿破侖

執(zhí)政府

法蘭西第一帝國

《拿破侖法典》

滑鐵盧戰(zhàn)役

杰斐遜

富蘭克林

《常識》

大陸會議

喬治·華盛頓

《獨(dú)立宣言》

杜?！けR維杜爾

伊達(dá)爾哥

玻利瓦爾

圣馬丁

幕府

武士

鎖國令

豐臣秀吉

巴布爾

莫臥兒帝國

阿克巴

工業(yè)革命

飛梭

珍妮紡紗機(jī)

騾機(jī)

水力織布機(jī)

瓦特

富爾頓

史蒂芬孫

蒸汽時(shí)代

亞當(dāng)·斯密

Thermidorian Reaction

Directory Government

Coup d' Etat of Brumaire

Napoleon Bonaparte

the Consulate

the First French Empire

the Code Napoleon

Battle of Waterloo

Thomas Jefferson

Benjamin Franklin

Common Sense

The Continental Congress

George Washington

Declaration of Independence Toussaint-Louverture

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

Simón Bolívar

José de San Martín

Shogunate

samurai

Sedusion Orders

Toyotomi Hideyoshi

Baber

the Mughal Empire

Akbar

Industrial Revolution

flying-shuttle

spinning-jenny

spinning-mule

water-frame

James Watt

Robert Fulton

George Stephenson

the Age of Steam

Adam Smith

《國富論》

The Wealth of Nations

維也納會議

the Congress of Vienna

維也納體系

Vienna System

神圣同盟

Holy Alliance

四國同盟（1813）

Quadruple Alliance

盧德運(yùn)動(dòng)

Luddite movement

馬克思

Karl Marx

恩格斯

Friedrich Engels

《共產(chǎn)黨宣言》

The Communist Manifesto

共產(chǎn)主義者同盟

科學(xué)社會主義

馬克思主義

國際工人協(xié)會

第一國際

巴黎公社

西進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)

自由州

蓄奴州

《宅地法》

林肯

《解放黑人奴隸

宣言》

美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)

俾斯麥

鐵血政策

明治維新

克里米亞戰(zhàn)爭

奧斯曼帝國

巴布教

西門子

東宮

十月革命

紅軍

戰(zhàn)時(shí)共產(chǎn)主義

新經(jīng)濟(jì)政策

非暴力不合作運(yùn)動(dòng)

（文明不服從運(yùn)動(dòng)）

凱末爾

甘地

Communist League

Scientific Socialism

Marxism

International Working-men's Association

First International

Commune of Paris

Westward Movement

Free State

Slave State

Homestead Act

Abraham Lincoln

Emancipation Proclamation Civil War(U.S.)

Otto von Bismarch

Iron and Blood

Meiji Restoration

Crimean War

the Ottoman Empire

Bābism

Ernst Werner von Siemens Winter Palace

October Revolution

Red Army

Wartime Communism

New Economic Policy

civil disobedience

A.Kemal Atatürk

M.K.Gandhi

印度國民大會黨

蘇聯(lián)

斯大林

五年計(jì)劃

巴黎和會

三巨頭

威爾遜

十四點(diǎn)

Indian National Congress

Union of Socialist Soviet Republics

(USSR)

J.Stalin

Five-Year Plan

Paris Peace Conference

Big Three

Woodrow Wilson

The Fourteen Points

《凡爾賽和約》

國際聯(lián)盟

國際聯(lián)盟盟約

華盛頓會議

英聯(lián)邦

自治領(lǐng)

法西斯黨

馬克

道威斯計(jì)劃

《洛迦諾公約》

大危機(jī)

新政

富蘭克林·羅斯福

《國家工業(yè)復(fù)興法》

德國民族社會主義

工人黨

納粹

希特勒

國會縱火案

西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)

國際縱隊(duì)

美國的中立法

《反共產(chǎn)國際協(xié)定》

軸心國

綏靖政策

慕尼黑協(xié)定

慕尼黑陰謀

《蘇德互不侵犯

條約》

閃擊戰(zhàn)

東方戰(zhàn)線

馬奇諾防線

自由法國

戴高樂

不列顛之戰(zhàn)

Treaty of Versailles

The League of Nations

Covenant of the League of Nations

Washington Conference

the British Commonwealth of Nations Self Governing Dominion

Fascist Party

Mark

Dawes Plan

Locarno Pact

The Great Depression

New Deal

F.D.Roosevelt

The National Industrial Recovery Acts Nation Socialist Workers’

Party

Nazi

Adolf Hitler

Reichstag Fire

Spanish Civil War

International Brigades

American Neutrality Acts

Anti-Comintern Pact

Axis Powers

Policy of Appeasement

The Munich Agreement

Munich scheme

Treaty of Non-Aggression

Between Soviet Union and Germany

Blitzkrieg

Eastern Front

Maginot Line

Free French

Charles de Gaulle

Battle of Britain

丘吉爾

Winston Churchill

珍珠港

Pearl Harbour

《大西洋憲章》

Atlantic Charter

《聯(lián)合國家宣言》

Declaration by Union Nations

中途島

Midway Island

諾曼底

Normandy

開羅會議

Cairo Conference

《開羅宣言》

Cairo Declaration

德黑蘭會議

雅爾塔會議

《波茨坦公告》

杜魯門

《聯(lián)合國憲章》

聯(lián)合國大會

安理會

冷戰(zhàn)

馬歇爾計(jì)劃

北大西洋公約組織

華沙條約組織

德意志聯(lián)邦共和國

德意志民主共和國

柏林墻

越南戰(zhàn)爭

朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭

歐洲共同體

歐洲煤鋼聯(lián)營

歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體

歐洲原子能聯(lián)營

馬丁·路德·金

民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)

越南民主共和國

古巴導(dǎo)彈危機(jī)

中東戰(zhàn)爭

Teheran Conference

Yalta Conference

The Potsdam Proclamation

Harry S.Truman

Charter of the United Nations

The General Assembly of the United Nations

The Security Council

Cold War

The Marshall Plan

The North Atlantic Treaty

Organization(NATO)

The Warsaw Pact Organization

German Federal Republic

German Democratic Republic

Berlin Wall

Vietnam War

Korean War

European Communities

European Coal and Steel Community European Economic Community

European Atomic Energy Community Martin Luther King, Jr.Civil Rights Movement

The Democratic Republic of Vietnam Cuban Missile Crisis

Middle East War

尼赫魯

J.Nehru

巴勒斯坦

Palestine

自由軍官組織

Free Officer's Organization

亞非會議

The Afro-Asian Conference

不結(jié)盟運(yùn)動(dòng)

Non-Aligned Movement

第三世界

the Third World

納米比亞

Namibia

77國集團(tuán)

Group of 77

石油輸出國組織

Organization of Petroleum Exporting

戈?duì)柊蛦谭?/p>

白俄羅斯

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦

獨(dú)立國家聯(lián)合體

歐洲聯(lián)盟

霸權(quán)主義

《全面禁止核試驗(yàn)

條約》

經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化

亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織

知識經(jīng)濟(jì)

可持續(xù)發(fā)展

存在主義

湯因比

經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

凱恩斯

未來學(xué)

蕭伯納

海明威

畢加索

爵士樂

搖滾樂

好萊塢

卓別林

Countries(OPEC)

Gorbachev

Byelorussia

The Russian Federation

Commonwealth of Independent States

(CIS)

European Union

hegemonism

Comprehensive

Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

economic globalization

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

(APEC)

knowledge economy

sustainable development

existentialism

A.J.Toynbee

economics

J.M.Keynes

futurology

G.B.Shaw

E.Hemingway

P.Picasso

jazz

rock and roll

Hollywood

C.Chaplin

第五篇：中國商標(biāo)法專業(yè)詞匯中英文對照表

商標(biāo)法專業(yè)詞匯中英文對照表

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.全國人大常委會第三十次會議

the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress 商標(biāo)注冊 trademark registration 商標(biāo)注冊的審查和核準(zhǔn) examination and approval of trademark registration 注冊商標(biāo)的續(xù)展、轉(zhuǎn)讓和使用許可 renewal, assignment and licensing of registered trademarks 注冊商標(biāo)爭議的裁定 the determination of disputes concerning registered trademarks 商標(biāo)使用的管理 the administration of the use of the trademarks 注冊商標(biāo)專用權(quán)的保護(hù) the protection of the Right to Exclusive Use of a registered trademark 總則 general provisions 附則 supplementary provisions 10.生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營者 the producers and operators 11.社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì) the Socialist market economy 12.國務(wù)院工商行政管理部門商標(biāo)局 the Trademark Office of the administrative department for industry and commerce under the State Council 13.商標(biāo)評審委員會 the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board 14.商品商標(biāo) the commodity trademark 服務(wù)商標(biāo) the service trademark 集體商標(biāo) the collective trademark

證明商標(biāo) the certification trademark 15.商標(biāo)注冊人享有商標(biāo)專用權(quán)，受法律保護(hù) the trademark registrants shall be entitled to the right to exclusive use of their trademarks and protected by law.16.(重復(fù)前面提到的)該組織

the said organization 17.監(jiān)督能力 the supervising power 18.限期提出答辯 to reply within the specified period 19.該組織以外的單位或者個(gè)人 the units and individuals apart from the said organizations 20.自然人、法人或者其他組織對其生產(chǎn)、制造、加工、揀選或者經(jīng)銷的商品，需要取得商標(biāo)專用權(quán)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)向商標(biāo)局申請商品商標(biāo)注冊。Any natural person, legal person and other organization that needs to acquire the right to exclusive use of the trademark for the commodities it produces, manufactures, processes, selects or markets shall file an application for commodity trademark registration with the Trademark Office.21.適用于…,對….有適用性

be applicable to 22.共同享有和行使該商標(biāo)專用權(quán) to enjoy and exercise the right to exclusive use of their trademark jointly 23.關(guān)于、至于 with respect to / in respect of 24.國家規(guī)定必須使用注冊商標(biāo)的商品 the commodities that the State has designated as requiring the use of a registered trademark

25.各級工商行政管理部門 the administrative departments for industry and commerce at all levels 26.欺騙消費(fèi)者的行為 practices that deceives the customers 27.有顯著特征，便于識別 have distinctive characteristics easy to identify 28.中央國家機(jī)關(guān) the central government agencies 29.標(biāo)志性建筑物 the symbol buildings 30.與…相同或相近的be identical with or similar to …

31.不易誤導(dǎo)公眾的商標(biāo) trademarks unlikely to mislead the public 32.帶有民族歧視性的 trademarks having the nature of discrimination against any nationality

33.夸大宣傳并帶有欺騙性的商標(biāo) trademarks that constituting exaggerated advertising and are deceitful 34.有害于社會主義道德風(fēng)尚或者有其他不良影響的商標(biāo) trademarks detrimental to socialist morality and 1 customs, or having other harmful influences 35.縣級以上行政區(qū)劃 the administrative districts at the level of county or above 36.馳名商標(biāo) the well-known trademark 37.委托人/被代理人

the principal 38.被代表人

the represented 39.提出異議 raise an opposition 40.已經(jīng)善意取得注冊的繼續(xù)有效 trademarks that have been registered in good faith shall continue to be valid 41.人文因素 human cultural factors 42.對等原則 the principle of reciprocity 43.一國和中華人民共和國簽訂的協(xié)議或者共同參加的國際條約 any agreement concluded between a foreign country and PRC, or any international treaty to which both countries are parties 44.委托國家認(rèn)可的具有商標(biāo)代理資格的組織代理 to entrust an organization certified by the Chinese Government as having the qualification for trademark agency to act on its behalf 45.商品類別和商品名稱 the class and the designation of the commodities 46.變更申請 an application to make the change 47.相互承認(rèn)優(yōu)先權(quán)的原則 the principle of mutual acknowledgement of the right of priority 48.書面聲明 a written declaration 49.中國政府主辦的或者承認(rèn)的國際展覽會 any international exhibition sponsored or acknowledged by the Chinese Government 50.符合…，與…一致

in conformity with

51.初步審定 make a preliminary examination and approval of sth.52.予以公告

publicly announce sth.53.向人民法院起訴 file an action to the people’s court / bring a suit before a people’s court/ to institute legal proceedings in people’s court 54.控告某人 to bring an action against sb.55.做出裁定 make a ruling 56.生效 to take effect 57.異議成立 the opposition is upheld [uphold 維持，批準(zhǔn) e.g.: The judge upheld the lower court's decision.] 58.公告期滿 the period of public announcement expires 59.通知當(dāng)事人 to notify the parties 60.注冊商標(biāo)的有效期為十年，自核準(zhǔn)注冊之日起計(jì)算 the period of validity of a registered trademark shall be 10 years, counted from the day the registration is approved.61.轉(zhuǎn)讓人 the assignors 受讓人 the assignees 62.授權(quán)，批準(zhǔn) to authorize 許可人 the licensors 被許可人the licensees 63.商標(biāo)使用許可合同應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)商標(biāo)局備案 the trademark licensing contract shall be submitted to the Trademark Office for the archivist purpose.64.不正當(dāng)手段 the illicit means 65.對惡意注冊的，馳名商標(biāo)所有人不受五年的時(shí)間限制 the owner of a well-known trademark shall not be subject to the limit of 5 years to request the revocation of bad-faith registration.66.限期提出答辯 to reply within the specified period 67.商標(biāo)裁定程序 the trademark ruling proceedings 68.責(zé)令限期改正 to order rectification of the situation within a specified period 69.自行…的（未經(jīng)允許的…）without authorization 2 70.連續(xù)三年 three consecutive years 71.粗制濫造，以次充好的商品 crudely manufactured commodities that are passed off as being of high quality 72.予以通報(bào)或者處以罰款 to circulate a notice on the matter or impose a fine 73.冒充注冊商標(biāo) to falsely represent a trademark as being a registered one 74.遵守規(guī)定，履行決定

to comply with a decision 75.強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行 a compulsory enforcement of(the decision)76.侵犯注冊商標(biāo)專用權(quán) be an infringement upon the right to exclusive use / infringe upon the right to exclusive use 77.侵權(quán)行為成立 an infringement is constituted 78.沒收、銷毀侵權(quán)商品 to confiscate and destroy the infringing commodities 79.《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》the Administrative Procedure Law of the PRC 80.《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法》the Civil Procedure Law of the PRC 81.就賠償數(shù)額進(jìn)行調(diào)解 to conduct mediation over the amount of compensation for sth.82.有權(quán)依法查處 to have the right to investigate into and punish the acts…

83.涉嫌犯罪的行為，應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)移送司法機(jī)關(guān)依法處理 if a crime is suspected to be constituted, the case shall be promptly transferred to the judicial departments for handling according to law.84.違法嫌疑證據(jù)或者舉報(bào) the evidence for suspicion of illegal acts or the report made by other people 85.行使下列職權(quán)

to exercise the following powers 86.調(diào)查有關(guān)情況 to investigate the information relating to …

87.查閱有關(guān)的合同、發(fā)票、賬簿以及其他有關(guān)資料 to consult the contracts, vouchers, account books and other relevant materials 88.實(shí)施現(xiàn)場檢查 to conduct on-spot examination 89.查封或者扣押 to seal up or seize the relevant articles 90.通過…所獲得的利益 the proceeds obtained from … 91.由于…所受到的損失

the losses suffered by …

92.根據(jù)侵權(quán)行為的情節(jié) according to the circumstances of the infringing acts 93.承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任 to bear the liability for compensation 94.難以彌補(bǔ)的損害 irreparable damages 95.財(cái)產(chǎn)查封 attachment of property 96.責(zé)令停止有關(guān)行為和財(cái)產(chǎn)保全的措施 an order of the measures for stopping relevant acts and for attachment 97.保全證據(jù) to preserve the evidence

98.裁定立即開始執(zhí)行 the ruling shall be executed immediately 99.提供擔(dān)保 to provide security 100.駁回申請 to reject the application 101.解除保全措施 discharge the measures for preservation 102.依法追究刑事責(zé)任 to investigate into for the criminal responsibilities according to law 103.國家機(jī)關(guān)工作人員必須秉公執(zhí)法，廉潔自律，忠于職守，文明服務(wù) the functionaries of state organs must handle the cases justly, be incorruptible and self-disciplined, be devoted to their duties and serve in a courteous and honest way 104.從事…活動(dòng) to undertake the activities of …

105.建立健全內(nèi)部監(jiān)督制度 to establish and improve the internal supervision system 106.玩忽職守 to neglect one’s duties 濫用職權(quán) to abuse one’s powers 徇私舞弊 to practice favoritism / to engage in malpractice for personal gain 3 107.牟取不正當(dāng)利益 to seek improper profits 108.給予行政處分 give sb.administrative punishment 109.生效，（法律、法規(guī)）施行 go into effect / enter into force 110.同時(shí)廢止 to be repealed simultaneously 111.公布法律條例 to promulgate a law / regulation 112.《中華人民共和國商標(biāo)法》the Trademark Law of the PRC