第一篇：高級(jí)口譯真題翻譯部分答案及講評(píng)

TRANSLATION TEST(30 minutes)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished.When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe , they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.” This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.分析：

① The line of demarcation between the adult and the child world is drawn in many ways.譯文：成人與兒童世界的劃分是多方面的。// 劃分成人與兒童世界有很多方式。

考點(diǎn)： 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換

② For instance, many American parents may be totally divorced from the church, or entertain grave doubts about the existence of God, but they send their children to Sunday school and help them to pray.譯文：例如 / 比方說(shuō)，許多美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)可能跟教會(huì)毫無(wú)瓜葛 / 不信教，對(duì)上帝是否存在也不置可否 / 深表懷疑，然而他們卻把孩子們送去主日學(xué)校（灌輸宗教思想），并幫助他們禱告。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： be totally divorced from → 脫離（正譯）

→與……毫無(wú)瓜葛

entertain grave doubt about →深表懷疑（正譯）

→對(duì)……不置可否（反譯）

divorce: separate sth from sth in a wrong way.使脫離

may →可能

抽象譯法： church →教會(huì)

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動(dòng)詞： be totally divorced from → 脫離

entertain: hold sth in the mind or feelings 持有；抱著；懷有

eg.entertain ideas, doubts, etc.持有想法；感到懷疑

名詞詞組譯為分句： the existence of God →上帝是否存在Sunday school → 主日學(xué)校：通常與教堂或猶太教堂有緊密聯(lián)系的學(xué)校，在星期日對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行宗教教育。

③ American parents struggle in a competitive world where sheer cunning and falsehood are often rewarded and respected, but they feed their children with nursery tales(in which the morally good is pitted against the bad, and in the end the good inevitably is successful and the bad inevitably punished).譯文：美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)在一個(gè)爾虞我詐備受推崇的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)世界中努力打拼，卻用童話故事敷衍 / 搪塞孩子們，故事 / 從中講述正義與邪惡作斗爭(zhēng)，最終總是善有善報(bào)、惡有惡報(bào) / 正義取得勝利而邪惡受到懲罰。

考點(diǎn)： 具體譯法：成語(yǔ)法： sheer cunning and falsehood → 爾虞我詐

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動(dòng)詞： are often rewarded and respected → 備受推崇

is pitted →作斗爭(zhēng)

the bad inevitably punished → 邪惡受到懲罰

定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯：省略法/重復(fù)法

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→名詞 the good→ 正義 the bad→ 邪惡

形容詞 →動(dòng)詞 the good inevitably is successful→ 善有善報(bào)；正義取得勝利

合詞譯法： rewarded and respected→ 備受推崇

nursery tale: fairy tale 童話故事

④ When American parents are in serious domestic trouble, they maintain a front of sweetness and light before their children.譯文：如果美國(guó)夫妻鬧矛盾 / 在美國(guó)，夫妻失和時(shí)，他們?cè)诤⒆用媲皡s是一副其樂(lè)融融的樣子。

考點(diǎn)： front: ⑴ out-ward appearance or show, esp.of the specified type 外表；樣子；模樣

put on/show/present a bold front → 裝出大膽的樣子

eg.Her rudeness is just a front for her shyness.她的粗暴只不過(guò)是掩蓋她的怯懦而已。

⑵ a front for sth : something that serves to hide an illegal or a secret activity 幌子

eg.The jewellery firm is just a front for their illegal trade in diamonds.珠寶商店正是他們進(jìn)行鉆石非法交易的庇護(hù)所。

⑶（常與形容詞或名詞連用）領(lǐng)域；界 on the domestic, financial, education, etc.front 在家庭（財(cái)政、教育）領(lǐng)域

合詞譯法： sweetness and light →其樂(lè)融融；和藹可親

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞 sweetness and light →其樂(lè)融融；和藹可親

⑤ Even if American parents suffer a major business or personal catastrophe, they feel obliged to turn to their children and say,” Honey, everything is going to be all right.”

譯文：即便美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)在生意場(chǎng)或日常生活中遭受沉重打擊 / 一敗涂地，他們也會(huì)義無(wú)反顧地對(duì)孩子們說(shuō)：“親愛的 / 寶貝，一切將會(huì)好起來(lái)的?！?/p>

考點(diǎn)： catastrophe: a complete failure;a fiasco: 大敗；徹底的失??；慘敗

（同）： disaster, calamity, cataclysm, blow, reverse, misfortune, affliction, adversity, tragedy, mishap, fiasco, flop（反）： triumph

⑥ This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident.譯文一：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是晚些時(shí)候才告訴孩子們，這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了美國(guó)人想把兒童的世界和成人的世界隔離開的愿望。

譯文二：美國(guó)人想把兒童和成人的世界劃清界限，這一愿望還反映在以下事實(shí)：如果父母在事故中喪生，人們總是設(shè)法晚點(diǎn)將消息告訴他們的子女。

考點(diǎn)： 換序譯法：賓語(yǔ)先行，主語(yǔ)置后。

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞→動(dòng)詞 separate →隔離；劃清界線

名詞→副詞 practice →總是

轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換： is exemplified also by → 這一點(diǎn)也證實(shí)了

省略被動(dòng)詞： have been killed →喪生

exemplify（同）： illustrate, show, instance, demonstrate, exhibit, manifest, represent, embody

⑦ Thus, in summary, American parents face a world of reality while many of their children live in a near-ideal unreal realm where the rules of the parental world do not apply, are watered down, or are even reversed.譯文：總而言之，美國(guó)父母?jìng)兠鎸?duì)著現(xiàn)實(shí)的世界，而他們的子女卻活在近乎完美 / 理想化的虛幻世界，在這個(gè)世界中，父母生活的世界中的規(guī)則統(tǒng)統(tǒng)不適用，而且規(guī)則的執(zhí)行是要打折扣的 // 而且不可能完全執(zhí)行，甚至兩者背道而馳。

考點(diǎn)： 正反譯法： unreal →不真實(shí)（正譯）

→虛幻（反譯）

watered down →打折扣（正譯）

→不可能完全執(zhí)行（反譯）

water down: to reduce the strength or effectiveness of:

削弱：削減了…的力量或效力：

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→形容詞 reality →現(xiàn)實(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動(dòng)詞： are watered down→ 是要打折扣的are even reversed → 甚至兩者背道而馳

第二篇：中級(jí)口譯翻譯部分真題~~[范文模版]

2009年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the banks lower interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something, they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the story-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.【譯文】：

若只是尋常的經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條，那應(yīng)對(duì)方案一目了然：翻出久違的凱恩斯著作，聯(lián)邦政府降低利率，總統(tǒng)及國(guó)會(huì)一面減稅，一面增加財(cái)政支出。假以時(shí)日，購(gòu)買力激升，生產(chǎn)力急速飛漲，貸款數(shù)隨之猛增。凱恩斯的作品重獲關(guān)注。美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)并非一帆風(fēng)順，但總的來(lái)說(shuō)還不錯(cuò)，并不需要對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制做出大刀闊斧的改革。所以第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后，我們一直照此方案應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

政府應(yīng)為哪些階層多減稅，為哪些項(xiàng)目提供資助，這些是共和黨和民主黨長(zhǎng)期爭(zhēng)論的話題。公眾要求他們付諸于行動(dòng)的輿論壓力下，政府往往實(shí)施雙方都可接受的折衷方案，達(dá)到推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步的目的。即使到了黨派分歧嚴(yán)重的今時(shí)今日，政府仍希望找到此種方案。

然而這次的蕭條非比平常，所以事情就不那么簡(jiǎn)單。從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)確有弊端。因此要?jiǎng)佑靡恍└惶m克林·羅斯福當(dāng)年的改革措施，還需做到與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。才能力挽狂瀾、扭轉(zhuǎn)乾坤，最終撥得云開見日出。【解析】：

1、In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.譯：在平常，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況一旦蕭條下來(lái)，大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情：

本句中，normal recession名詞性短語(yǔ)，但需要采用詞類轉(zhuǎn)換的翻譯方法，進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展翻譯成一個(gè)句子，the to-do list“大家應(yīng)該做的事情”，本句主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，字面意思：大家要做的事情是很清楚的。采用正反翻譯的方法，將其翻譯為“大家都就很明白應(yīng)該馬上著手做哪些事情：”。

2、Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.譯：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作，聯(lián)邦政府調(diào)低利息率，總統(tǒng)和國(guó)會(huì)開始減稅，增加財(cái)政支出。

本句是接上文，列舉出的一系列動(dòng)作，并列舉。在句中，Copies of Keynes are dusted off，字面意思為：凱恩斯著作上的灰塵會(huì)被拂去。根據(jù)本文的語(yǔ)意表達(dá)環(huán)境，我們采用意譯，翻譯為：重新翻開塵封已久的凱恩斯的著作。

3、In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.譯：用不了多久，市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)銷兩旺，生產(chǎn)線生機(jī)勃勃，貸款扶搖而上，于是乎，凱恩斯的書又回了書架。本句中，前半句purchasing, production and loans perk up中，perk

vi.振作;活躍起來(lái)(+up)，在英語(yǔ)中“perk up”可以用于形容以上三個(gè)主語(yǔ)，而在漢語(yǔ)中有不同搭配，所以對(duì)本句，翻譯成三個(gè)小分句“市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)銷兩旺，生產(chǎn)線生機(jī)勃勃，貸款扶搖而上”會(huì)更好一點(diǎn)。對(duì)于“Keynes is placed back on the shelf”中，“Keynes”需要翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作。該句子翻譯為：凱恩斯的著作又會(huì)被放回到書架上。

【C—E】

鐘表上的秒針一下一下地移動(dòng)，每移動(dòng)一下就是表示我們的壽命已經(jīng)縮短了一部分。再看看墻上掛著的可以一張張撕下的日歷，每天撕下一張就是表示我們的壽命又縮短了一天。因?yàn)闀r(shí)間即生命。

沒(méi)有人不愛惜他的生命，但很少人珍視他的時(shí)間。如果想在有生之年做一點(diǎn)什么事，學(xué)一點(diǎn)什么學(xué)問(wèn)，充實(shí)自己，幫助別人，使生命成為有意義，不虛此生，那么就不可浪費(fèi)光陰。這個(gè)道理人人都懂，可是很少人能積極不懈地善為利用他的時(shí)間。

【譯文】：

Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock.Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day.Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few.How can we achieve something in our brief life? To learn some knowledge!To replenish ourselves!To help those in need!To add significance to our life!Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful(to get a lot out of our life).This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.2009秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】

What is a novel? I say: an invented story.At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true.True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be.And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader.Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible.So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these are amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality.The novel does not simply recount experience.And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own.It does not merely invent, it perceives.It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小說(shuō)是什么？我認(rèn)為 是人們創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的故事。同時(shí)盡管是創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的故事，但是小說(shuō)仍然有一種力量能夠讓人聽上去感覺(jué)像真的一樣。真的像什么呢？就像讀者所知道的那種生活或者可 能的生活樣子，像他們所感覺(jué)的那種生活。當(dāng)然我指的是對(duì)于成熟的成年讀者而言。像我們這樣的成年讀者已經(jīng)足夠長(zhǎng)大，不再相信童話故事，不再需要奇異幻想和 那些不可能發(fā)生的事情。所以我對(duì)你說(shuō)，小說(shuō)必須要成熟起來(lái)，能夠讓成年人將之放在生活中試驗(yàn)。你或許會(huì)說(shuō)：“如果一個(gè)人需要事實(shí)，他為什么不去看完完全全真實(shí)的書呢？自傳或者紀(jì)錄片里都是些令人驚異的真人真事的描述。這當(dāng)然正確，但是我對(duì)你的建議是事實(shí)和所謂的現(xiàn)實(shí) 之間有著本質(zhì)的區(qū)別。小說(shuō)并不僅僅只是敘述人們的經(jīng)歷，小說(shuō)會(huì)添加人們的經(jīng)歷。而 這一點(diǎn)正是小說(shuō)所具有的活力火花：小說(shuō)家的想象力有其自己強(qiáng)大的力量。借 助這種想象力小說(shuō)家并不僅僅創(chuàng)造，他們?nèi)ジ兄?。這種想象力不斷增強(qiáng)，給原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它們變得額外地重要，變得更加地真實(shí)。

【C—E】

有兩個(gè)大款附庸風(fēng) 雅，參加一個(gè)冷餐會(huì)，與會(huì)者自然不乏真正的名流學(xué)者。席間，一個(gè)學(xué)者與其中的大款甲閑聊，話題不知怎么扯到莎士比亞身上。學(xué)者問(wèn)大款甲：“先生是否對(duì)莎士 比亞最感興趣？”大款甲頓了頓，隨即正色說(shuō)：“相比之下，還是威士忌合我口味?！边@時(shí)，大家都暗自竊笑。大款乙也看出了苗頭，悻悻然走開。在回來(lái)的小車 上，大款乙教訓(xùn)大款甲說(shuō)：“你真一點(diǎn)都不懂，莎士比亞是飲料，你怎么把它當(dāng)洋酒了！”

Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction.During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare.The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves.Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully.On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant!Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”

點(diǎn)評(píng)：雖然內(nèi)容和以往有所不同，但細(xì)說(shuō)到單詞、詞組和句型，卻大都在我們平時(shí)的課堂內(nèi)容之中。在Section 3的英譯漢中，各個(gè)我們反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的翻譯技巧依次露面。如：

主被交換 an invented story：創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的故事 讓步狀語(yǔ) though invented：盡管

正反譯法 outgrow fairy tales：不再相信童話故事 轉(zhuǎn)性譯法 has the power：能夠

“the + adj.”表示一類事物的集合 the fantastic and the impossible 奇思異想和不可能發(fā)生的事情

2010年春中口翻譯

【C—E】(英文原文選自09年9月20日的《今日美國(guó)》（U.S.Today），隨后09年9月29日的《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》（China Daily）轉(zhuǎn)載了同一篇文章。)

The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中，損失最為慘重的要數(shù)中等收入和貧困家庭。此外，衰退還造成最富裕和最貧困的美國(guó)人之間經(jīng)濟(jì)差距擴(kuò)大，因?yàn)橐徊úú脝T的侵襲使家庭可用開支遭受重創(chuàng)。

Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans.Median income fell last year from $52,163 to $50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit the lowest level since 1997.Poverty jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.雖然全美各個(gè)群體的家庭收入普降，但是中低收入者的跌幅更大。去年，（家庭）收入的中位數(shù)從52163美元降低到50303美元，達(dá)到了1997年以來(lái)的最低點(diǎn)，相當(dāng)于十年的財(cái)富收益蒸發(fā)殆盡。貧困人口的比例則飆升至13.2%，創(chuàng)下了11年來(lái)的新高。

No one should be surprised at the increased disparity.Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffs in the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets.They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of the income ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.對(duì)于日益擴(kuò)大的收入差距，我們不應(yīng)大驚小怪。經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期的裁員風(fēng)潮導(dǎo)致家庭的可用開支急劇減少，分析師認(rèn)為這才是導(dǎo)致收入差距擴(kuò)大的罪魁禍?zhǔn)住Ｋ麄冋J(rèn)為，雖然最富裕的美國(guó)人也可能發(fā)現(xiàn)收入縮水，但那些工資最低的人才是真正的受害者，因?yàn)樗麄兘?jīng)常遭到解雇，艱難度日。

【C—E】(第十屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)委員（a Standing Committee member of the Chinese National People's Congress(NPC)）朱相遠(yuǎn)于2010年1月4日在人民網(wǎng)發(fā)表的一篇題為《2010年翩然而至擁抱下一個(gè)“十年”》的文章)原文：

2010年翩然而至，全球24個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)的萬(wàn)千鐘聲，此起彼伏，宣告在這人類新千年中，一個(gè)10年代的終結(jié)，又是另一個(gè)10年代的開始。在開局的10年中，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在前9年連續(xù)9年保持著9%以上的增長(zhǎng)。最后一年，雖受國(guó)際金融風(fēng)暴影響，但依然能保持8%的高增長(zhǎng)。

中國(guó)猶如中流砥柱，力挽狂瀾，使全球目光，再次聚焦于東方。一年多的實(shí)踐，終使曙光再現(xiàn)。全人類定能以集體的智慧，攻堅(jiān)克難，度過(guò)難關(guān)，必將是柳暗花明又一村的新局面。

譯文：

With the approaching of 2010, the ringing of bells in 24 time zones around the globe echoes one after another, announcing the lapse of the first decade in the new millennium and the start of another 10 years.Over the past ten years, China’s economy maintained a successive 9% increase for nine years since the beginning of the 21st century and still a 8% growth in the last year of the past decade, albeit influenced by global financial storm.Functioning like a mainstay that makes vigorous endeavors to turn the tide, China, once again, draws global attraction to the East.A silver lining is emerging again after a year-round practice.As long as all the mankind conquer adversities, override difficulties with collective wisdom, there is bound to be a way out.2010年秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership.In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system.The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function.The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers;hence the “market economy” designation.美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度主要是私有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，其中，消費(fèi)者、生產(chǎn)者和政府每天都主要通過(guò)價(jià)格體系來(lái)做出經(jīng)濟(jì)決策。正是這三者之間的能動(dòng)關(guān)系才使經(jīng)濟(jì)得以運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。然而，市場(chǎng)的主要?jiǎng)恿?lái)自于生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者之間的關(guān)系，因此 “市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)”得以成名。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell.Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.通常，消費(fèi)者總希望他們說(shuō)花費(fèi)的錢能夠獲得最大的價(jià)值；另一方面，生產(chǎn)者渴望能從他們所銷售的商品中尋求最高的價(jià)格和利潤(rùn)。聯(lián)邦、各州和地方各級(jí)政府的任務(wù)是加強(qiáng)公共安全，確保合理競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，并提供一系列服務(wù)，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈胚@些服務(wù)性事業(yè)最好由國(guó)有企業(yè)來(lái)處理，而非私人企業(yè)。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations.The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market.Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.大致來(lái)看，企業(yè)分為三種：個(gè)體業(yè)主開辦經(jīng)營(yíng)的企業(yè)、合伙企業(yè)和股份公司。前兩者很重要，但只有最后一種企業(yè)才可以最大程度上把許多合作人員的投資籌集到一起，形成巨額資金。那些人作為股東，可以隨時(shí)在公開市場(chǎng)上買賣他們所持有的股票。正是這種股份制公司使得開辦大型企業(yè)成為可能。簡(jiǎn)評(píng)：

經(jīng)歷了三次考試的小品文調(diào)整后，如同我們課堂中所預(yù)測(cè)的那樣，今年秋季的考試題目終于回歸了正常的軌道。英譯漢出現(xiàn)了主旋律——經(jīng)濟(jì)類報(bào)刊型文章。其實(shí)這個(gè)主題一直是我們?cè)谡n堂中練習(xí)和強(qiáng)調(diào)最多的，而且它和“小白本”（《中級(jí)翻譯教程》）第三單元第一課《混合經(jīng)濟(jì)：美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度》相關(guān)度非常高，相信大家一定會(huì)覺(jué)得很熟悉。

在翻譯過(guò)程中，主要難點(diǎn)在于句子順序的調(diào)整/詞語(yǔ)指稱意義的確定/定語(yǔ)從句和后置分詞的翻譯。如： 第二個(gè)句子中末尾的on a daily basis, mainly through the price system在翻譯中必須前置在漢語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前；dynamic interaction根據(jù)上下文及單詞本身的意義，可以猜測(cè)出“能動(dòng)”的意思；再如，Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.在這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句中，我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)后方的believed to be…是一個(gè)分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，根據(jù)我們?cè)谟⒆g漢第一講最后提到的技巧，這里應(yīng)該用上分割單獨(dú)成句法，同理，后方的定語(yǔ)從句也要使用相同的手法處理。

【C—E】

說(shuō)起上海老城，總會(huì)讓人和古老傳統(tǒng)的東西聯(lián)系起來(lái)，比如明代的豫園和清代的城隍廟。上海建城有700多年歷史，但最具人文發(fā)展歷史的時(shí)期是開埠后的150年間，諸如華洋雜居、石庫(kù)門、老字號(hào)等等，都發(fā)生在開埠后的上海。

The old town of Shanghai, when it is mentioned, is always associated with the past and the tradition, something such as the Yuyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and the Town God’s Temple(or the City God Temple / Chenghuangmiao)in the Qing Dynasty.Despite a history of more than 700 years, it is the 150 years since its opening to foreign trades that enjoyed the most spelendid/ greatest humane development of Shanghai.During that period, scenes appeared such as the co-inhabitation of Chinese foreigners, the building of Shikumen, and the growth of time-honored firms.流傳于老城內(nèi)外的民間文化，豐富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物風(fēng)情畫卷”生動(dòng)地描繪了上海老城市民的生活百態(tài)。上海老城市歷史文明與現(xiàn)代文明的兼容并蓄，無(wú)論上海城市發(fā)展如何日新月異，她仍將記錄著上海城市發(fā)展的歷史華章。

Various and colorful folk cultures have gained popularity in and out of Shanghai’s old town, which has been proved in the famous “The Painting Scroll of Local Residents in Shanghai’s Old Town”, a vivid depiction of the lives of local residents in every aspect.Despite the ever-changing advances of Shanghai, its old town, an inclusive combination of ancient and modern civilization, will still serve as a glorious chapter in the history of the development of Shanghai city.簡(jiǎn)評(píng)：

今年的漢譯英也擺脫了過(guò)去三次考試的小品文，終于回歸了主旋律，介紹了關(guān)于上海地區(qū)的文化特色。其實(shí)，這個(gè)特點(diǎn)也是我們?cè)诜g課堂上的開篇就講過(guò)的地域特色，并且，我們?cè)?jīng)在課堂上給大家總結(jié)過(guò)三區(qū)的重要性：傳統(tǒng)文化老區(qū)/經(jīng)濟(jì)新區(qū)/旅游景區(qū)，所以，這次考試中出現(xiàn)的“城隍廟/豫園”應(yīng)該算是老朋友了，至于新出現(xiàn)的地名，大家也可以根據(jù)我們課堂上講過(guò)的翻譯技巧來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)。

在語(yǔ)言處理方面，我們希望大家還是要把握基本原則，即“找出言外之意的邏輯”。比如，第二段開頭的兩個(gè)句子，要看出是一個(gè)舉例的關(guān)系。其次，在翻譯漢譯英的時(shí)候一定要善于去發(fā)現(xiàn)句子的真正主語(yǔ)，比如第一段的第二句，真正的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是“150年”；第二段的第二句，真正主語(yǔ)為“老城區(qū)”而非字面上的“兼容并蓄”。第三，漢譯英中要大量運(yùn)用“詞語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)性”的技巧，如最后一部分的“日新月異”，漢語(yǔ)原文中是作謂語(yǔ)，可是在英語(yǔ)譯文中應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)變成形容 詞作定語(yǔ)，這一點(diǎn)在我們的課堂講解中也一直是重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容。

另外，還需提出的是，漢譯英中一直喜歡考察大家對(duì)于四字詞語(yǔ)的處理方法，我們?cè)谡n堂中也有專門講解，當(dāng)然，更需要大家持續(xù)不斷的積累，比如本次考試中出現(xiàn)的“豐富多彩”“日新月異”“兼容并蓄”“歷史華章”等，應(yīng)該算是老朋友，做到脫口而出了。

2011春中口翻譯漢部分

【C—E】

豫園是上海著名的古典園林，已有400多年的歷史?；▓@設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)特，具有明清兩代南方的建筑藝術(shù)的風(fēng)格。園內(nèi)共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭臺(tái)樓閣、假山池塘和諧對(duì)稱、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

豫園原為明代一位大官的私家花園，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾幾經(jīng)變遷，屢遭摧殘。所幸的是，從1949年上海解放時(shí)，園內(nèi)的主要景點(diǎn)尚完好無(wú)損。從1956年開始，豫園經(jīng)過(guò)多次修繕，重現(xiàn)其昔日光彩。參考答案：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.[解析] 1.文章開頭有三個(gè)“有”，我們可以追求全都不用have，而采用更精準(zhǔn)的詞，比如有400多年的歷史，用enjoy, 第二個(gè)具有，表示具有什么的特色，可以轉(zhuǎn)移成形容詞：be characteristic of，或者boast.第三個(gè)是“園內(nèi)有40余景”，表示園內(nèi)布滿了這些景點(diǎn)，可以反過(guò)來(lái)用40個(gè)景色做主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)作的“有”翻譯成dot,裝點(diǎn)。

2.亭臺(tái)樓閣、假山池塘和諧對(duì)稱、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。此處的元素較多，我們可以分清其中的關(guān)系：亭臺(tái)樓閣和假山池塘是并列的關(guān)系，而它們達(dá)到的效果則是“和諧對(duì)稱”，“協(xié)調(diào)均衡” 3.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

江南在中文中聽上去很好，但到了英文中如果翻的太清楚就變成了south of the Yangtze River, 失去了美感，不如也模糊地說(shuō)成South China 4.其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

布局的英文是layout.而精致的處理，既可以按照字面翻譯成elegancy, 也可以翻譯其意思： 所謂的布局的精致，在布局上投入大量的心思。

In the old days, And Yu Garden was famed in South China for the amount of thought put into its layout.5.私家花園

這里的花園可以不譯，直接收成private property, 私人財(cái)產(chǎn)。6.直到20年后才建成

可以選擇反譯：but it was not completed until two decades later 也可以選擇正譯： which took twenty years to complete.7.此后曾幾經(jīng)變遷，屢遭摧殘。

變遷：vicissitudes.如果忘記這個(gè)單詞的拼寫，可以選擇解釋：changes of times.所以整句可以譯成The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes。下面附上譯文：

The Yuyuan Garden is a renowned classical garden located in Shanghai that enjoys a history of over 400 years.With delicate design, it boasts the architectural style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.40 attractive scenic spots dot the garden, including pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries, with each adding radiance to one another.The Yuyuan Garden tops South China for its delicacy and elegance.The Garden was originally the private garden of a governor in the Ming Dynasty.Its initial construction started in 1559, but it was not completed until two decades later.The Garden was repeated destroyed under vicissitudes;fortunately, its major scenic spots remained intact in 1949 when Shanghai was liberated.The Garden regained its splendor after several renovations starting from 1956.Being well proportioned, the endless mixture of pavilions and corridors, rockeries and ponds, yields to a scene of harmonious symmetry.And Yu Garden is famed in South of Yangtze Delta for the amount of thought put into its layout.【E—C】

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.A minority, though, are sceptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.【參考答案】

世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家已經(jīng)使他們自己及許多普通民眾（包括一些政界人士）確信，地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對(duì)人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?dòng)，其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

但是，仍有一小部分人對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示，雖然近期的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高，但其原因是太陽(yáng)輻射的自然波動(dòng)，這一趨勢(shì)可能臨近結(jié)束。另一些人認(rèn)為并沒(méi)有決定性證據(jù)表明近現(xiàn)代的地球溫度高于古代。

我們認(rèn)為，全球變暖是人類面臨的嚴(yán)重威脅，世界各國(guó)需要采取措施，竭力避免這一問(wèn)題。這是政治家的職責(zé)。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的。科學(xué)無(wú)絕對(duì)。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實(shí)際證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)。一旦搜集到了新的證據(jù)，就需要進(jìn)行再次驗(yàn)證。這是科學(xué)家的任務(wù)。

[解析] 本次中口英譯漢的文章節(jié)選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》（The Economist）網(wǎng)站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate，屬于環(huán)保類題材，文字難度偏低。各段的考點(diǎn)毫無(wú)新意，都是在課上反復(fù)講解并訓(xùn)練過(guò)的技巧?？忌鷳?yīng)該保證在這一篇上拿到高分。

文章一共三段，難度相對(duì)較大的是第一段，整段是一句長(zhǎng)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰：A have convinced themselves and B that 1;that 2;and that 3.中文大意是A（氣候?qū)W家）使自己及B（普通民眾）確信三件事情。只要把整句結(jié)構(gòu)理順，之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是：地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對(duì)人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重；罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?dòng)，其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

第二段是第一段的對(duì)照，主要講述另一部分人的觀點(diǎn)。第一句話（A minority, though, are sceptical.）中minority呼應(yīng)了第一段中的majority，其中的though作插于語(yǔ)使用表轉(zhuǎn)折功能，這一考點(diǎn)在中口以前的英譯漢文章里考過(guò)。之后段落繼續(xù)分出兩條支線，細(xì)述兩部分反對(duì)者的觀點(diǎn)。句法層面沒(méi)有難點(diǎn)，詞匯層面注意單詞explain。在中口的課上反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)上下文定詞義，同學(xué)不要一看到explain就翻成“解釋”，而是需要根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境選擇精致的釋義。在這里，A are explained by B直譯為A能夠被B解釋略帶翻譯腔，其實(shí)這一結(jié)構(gòu)只是表示原因，所以還不如譯為更為簡(jiǎn)潔的“因?yàn)椤薄５谌谓o出了作者自己的觀點(diǎn)，主要是對(duì)政治家和科學(xué)家分別提出了期望。比較重要的一句是倒數(shù)第二句，其中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要處理到位。英語(yǔ)多被動(dòng)，漢語(yǔ)多主動(dòng)，這一英漢差異需要在翻譯中進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理論必須得到證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)，也可以添加泛指性主語(yǔ)“我們”翻成我們需要用證據(jù)對(duì)理論進(jìn)行 檢驗(yàn)。

2011年秋季翻譯部分

【E—C】（出自Newsweek）

Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary-and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation's future.Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world.Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well.They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied.What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher.Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess(and some people definitely do not).Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy.In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.【譯文】

我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毥型！安环Q職”的老師？

一直以來(lái)，美國(guó)初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對(duì)下降對(duì)整個(gè)民族的將來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國(guó)學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生都更擅長(zhǎng)于測(cè)試。而現(xiàn)在，與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比，美國(guó)學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開。

就過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言，粗略來(lái)講，上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年，教育界專家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法，能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo)，那么這種教育將是無(wú)可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過(guò)集論教學(xué)體系、開放式教室、全語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，但是似乎看起來(lái)無(wú)一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。

而在近些年來(lái)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來(lái)十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為，造成這種差異的，比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書更為重要的，比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質(zhì)量。教書育人的能力大多是與生俱來(lái)的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級(jí)。這種能力是一些人與生俱來(lái)的；很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?？傊@項(xiàng)研究表明，五年內(nèi)，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。

[評(píng)析] 本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同，散文重點(diǎn)要突出原文的行文情感，文筆特點(diǎn)，而新聞稿的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于，突出內(nèi)容的客觀性和真實(shí)性，抓住主題和作者觀點(diǎn)。這篇新聞主要介紹了美國(guó)教育界的一些問(wèn)題，作者的觀點(diǎn)是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件設(shè)置，甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來(lái)得重要。而教師的教學(xué)水平很大一部分是天生的。本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長(zhǎng)難句的拆分，在面對(duì)這樣的長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)，考生們首先應(yīng)該端正心態(tài)，然后運(yùn)用一些對(duì)美國(guó)教育的了解，以及邏輯思維，再加上語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析。同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了pedagogy，insipid，這樣的一些生詞，對(duì)于pedagogy這樣的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的生詞，可以根據(jù)上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的，不影響理解的修飾性的詞語(yǔ)，就可以暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，先抓住整篇文章的主旨?？偠灾?，對(duì)于長(zhǎng)難句的分析能力，是各位同學(xué)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力，而談到單詞，也是需要大家平時(shí)多多廣泛閱讀來(lái)拓展詞匯量的。

【C—E】

越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。

這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

【譯文】

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese.China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.[解析] 本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?？傮w難度一般，以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到??的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的最后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處??”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到??”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents?”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of?”則地道很多；又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西 方兩種不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化；文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來(lái)原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。

2012春季翻譯部分

【E—C】

When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation.It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch.This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras.It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions.我年輕那會(huì)兒，有一本非常好的雜志，叫做《環(huán)球目錄》，算得上我那一輩人的圣經(jīng)。創(chuàng)辦這本雜志的人名叫斯圖爾特·布蘭德，他就住在離這里不遠(yuǎn)的門羅公園。他用詩(shī)意的筆觸為這本雜志賦予了生命。那是六十年代，個(gè)人電腦和電腦出版還未普及，因此整本雜志都是用打字機(jī)、剪刀和拍立得相機(jī)完成的，可以成為紙質(zhì)版的谷歌搜索，但卻比谷歌早出現(xiàn)了35年。它是理想主義的化身，滿篇都是整潔的工具和偉大的觀點(diǎn)。

Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue.It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age.On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous.Beneath it were the words: “Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off.Stay Hungry.Stay Foolish.And I have always wished that for myself.And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you.斯圖爾特和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)推出了幾期《環(huán)球目錄》，當(dāng)他們遇到瓶頸便出版了最后一期。當(dāng)時(shí)是70年代中期，那時(shí)的我和你們現(xiàn)在差不多大。最后一期的黑色封面上有一張照片，照片上是一條清晨的鄉(xiāng)間小路，是那種你搭車出游時(shí)一定能看見的小路，如果你有這樣的冒險(xiǎn)精神的話。照片下方有這樣一句話：“求知若渴，虛懷若愚?！边@是他們謝幕時(shí)留下的告別辭。保持饑餓，保持愚蠢。我一直都希望自己能做到這一點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)在，你們就要畢業(yè)了，我也希望你們能夠這樣做。

[點(diǎn)評(píng)] 這篇短文取自于喬布斯在斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮上的演講。語(yǔ)言比較口語(yǔ)化，詞匯不難。因?yàn)槭茄葜v類短文，所以考生在翻譯的時(shí)候大可以順序驅(qū)動(dòng)。節(jié)選的這個(gè)短文有幾處的詞匯和短 語(yǔ)大家可以注意下： poetic：充滿詩(shī)情畫意的 idealistic: 理想主義的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘

sign off: 停止簽發(fā)，停止

【C—E】

吸煙之危害，可謂大矣，其嚴(yán)重性是不能低估的。吸煙污染空氣，損害健康，使肺癌發(fā)病率大大增加。為了使各國(guó)人民關(guān)注煙草的盛行及預(yù)防吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病和死亡，世界衛(wèi)生組織已將每年的5月31日定為“世界無(wú)煙日”。

癮君子們說(shuō)，一天飯不吃可以，一個(gè)時(shí)辰不抽煙就難捱了，不能戒。只要真正意識(shí)到吸煙有百害而無(wú)一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。戒煙貴在堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持下去就是收獲。

【參考譯文】

Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated.Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer.To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO(World Health Organization)has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day.The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours.However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco.To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists, he’ll be rewarded.[點(diǎn)評(píng)] 這篇文章的主題是大家都很熟悉的“戒煙”。開篇的一些比較文言化的詞如“之”，“矣”，以及后面的習(xí)語(yǔ)“有百害而無(wú)一利”，“于人于己”等完全是“紙老虎”，大家根本不用害怕，只要將句子的大意弄懂，然后用白話文譯出即可化解難題。另外如“世界衛(wèi)生組織”這樣的專有名詞，切記不要譯錯(cuò)，這種平時(shí)常見而考試常考的高頻詞，必須牢記。

2012秋中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

For years, many Asian-Americans have been convinced that it's harder for them to gain admission to the nation's top colleges.Studies show that Asian-Americans meet these colleges' admissions standards far out of proportion to their 6 percent representation in the U.S.population, and that they often need test scores hundreds of points higher than applicants from other ethnic groups to have an equal chance of admission.Critics say these numbers, along with the fact that some top colleges with race-blind admissions have double the Asian percentage of Ivy League schools, prove the existence of discrimination.The way it works, the critics believe, is that Asian-Americans are evaluated not as individuals, but against the thousands of other ultra-achieving Asians who are stereotyped as boring academic robots.Of course, not all Asian-Americans fit this stereotype.They are not always obedient hard workers who get top marks.Their economic status, ancestral countries and customs vary.But compared with American society in general, Asian-Americans have developed a much stronger emphasis on intense academic preparation as a path to a handful of the very best schools.【譯文】

多年來(lái)，許多美籍亞裔深信在美國(guó)要想被頂尖級(jí)名校錄取，他們需要付出更加艱辛的努力。研究表明，美籍亞裔中達(dá)到這些大學(xué)的入學(xué)要求的人數(shù)的比例與他們所占 美國(guó)總?cè)丝诘陌俜种谋壤幌喾Q，并且要想獲得均等的入學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)，他們往往要考出比其他國(guó)家學(xué)生高出幾百分的成績(jī)。事實(shí)表明一些名牌大學(xué)在實(shí)行無(wú)種族歧視 的招生政策之后，使常春藤聯(lián)盟亞裔學(xué)生的招生比例翻了一番。評(píng)論家指出這些數(shù)據(jù)恰巧反映出歧視依然存在。評(píng)論家們認(rèn)為，這種方式之所以行得通，是因?yàn)槊兰畞喴釋W(xué)生并非作為個(gè)體被評(píng)估，而是被參照了許多做法極端的亞洲人而評(píng)估的，這些人為達(dá)到目的，刻板陳腐，像學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)器。當(dāng)然，并非每個(gè)亞裔學(xué)生都是這種類型的。有些人并非寒窗苦讀，名列前茅。他們的家庭條件，血統(tǒng)，風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣都不盡相同。但是總體來(lái)說(shuō)，與一般的美國(guó)學(xué)生相比，亞裔學(xué)生更重視緊張的學(xué)業(yè)準(zhǔn)備，這也是他們擠進(jìn)那些頂尖名校的必經(jīng)之路。

[評(píng)析] 這篇文章略有難度。整段由三個(gè)長(zhǎng)句組成。因此翻譯時(shí)要理清思路，弄清句子前后的邏輯關(guān)系。然后再下筆。

主要是第二個(gè)句子，數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較。一方是亞裔美籍能達(dá)到這些名校入學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所占比例，另一方是亞裔美籍人 占美國(guó)總?cè)丝诘谋壤?%，弄清這個(gè)關(guān)系，這句就不難翻譯了。”far out of”指的是“與?(很)不成比例，與?(很)不相稱”。第二個(gè)句子后半句，比較的是亞裔美籍人入這些名校的分?jǐn)?shù)要比其他國(guó)家的人入這些學(xué)校要高出很多分，比較的是“不同民族不同分?jǐn)?shù)”這樣一個(gè)概念?！癶igher than”關(guān)鍵詞 最后一句話，要注意找準(zhǔn)句子主干，即“Critics say these numbers prove the existence of discrimination.”

【C—E】

近代以來(lái)，亞洲經(jīng)歷了曲折和艱難的發(fā)展歷程。亞洲人們?yōu)楦淖冏约旱拿\(yùn)，始終以不屈的意志和艱辛的奮斗開辟前進(jìn)道路。今天，人們所看到的亞洲發(fā)展成就，是勤勞智慧的亞洲人民不屈不撓、鍥而不舍奮斗的結(jié)果。

亞洲人民深知，世界上沒(méi)有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的發(fā)展模式，也沒(méi)有一成不變的發(fā)展道路，亞洲人民勇于變革創(chuàng)新，不斷開拓進(jìn)取，探索和開辟適應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流，符合自身實(shí)際的發(fā)展道路，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展打開了廣闊前景。

【譯文】

In modern times, Asia experienced twists and turns in its development.To change their destiny, the people of Asia have been forging ahead in an indomitable spirit and with hard struggle.Asia's development achievements today are the result of the persistent efforts of the industrious and talented Asian people.The people of Asia are fully aware that there is no ready model or unchanging path of development that is universally applicable.They never shy away from reform and innovation.Instead, they are committed to exploring and finding development paths that are in line with the trend of the times and their own situations, and have opened up bright prospects for economic and social development.2013年春中口翻譯部分

【E—C】

If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors.Everybody starts talking about themselves.They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant.Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio.We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences.We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience.I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s.And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.” We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.” Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal.Now that seems an apt description of many Americans.【參考譯文】

如果你曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過(guò)陪審員，你可能會(huì)注意到一件有趣的事情：一旦關(guān)上了門，所有人就開始談?wù)撍麄冏约骸Ｋ麄儠?huì)討論，如果自己是原告或被告的話會(huì)做什么。擔(dān)任陪審員的經(jīng)歷讓我明白了我為什么無(wú)法忍受談話性的廣播節(jié)目。我們美國(guó)人似乎只剩下了談?wù)撟约航?jīng)歷的能力。我們似乎無(wú)法拋開固有的成見進(jìn)行總結(jié)，也無(wú)法客觀地分析與自身經(jīng)歷相悖的證據(jù)。

我曾聽過(guò)一位醫(yī)生在之聲節(jié)目上講述一項(xiàng)研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鍛煉能降低阿茲海默癥（老年癡呆癥）的發(fā)病率。而此時(shí)聽眾的電話一個(gè)接著一個(gè)，紛紛迫不及待地表達(dá)反對(duì)意見：“嗯，我祖母從不鍛煉，但她活到了95歲?！蔽覀兩硖幍臅r(shí)代可以用一句話來(lái)總結(jié)：“我經(jīng)歷過(guò)，所以我是對(duì)的?！睔v史上，無(wú)知之人的典型特征就是缺乏進(jìn)行批判性思維、演繹推理和分辨?zhèn)€例與常態(tài)的能力。如今，用這句話描述許多美國(guó)人似乎恰如其分。

【C—E】

朝氣蓬勃，充滿活力，豐富多彩的上海是現(xiàn)代中國(guó)的縮影。雖然上海的文化遺跡不能與北京媲美，但是上海迷人的城市風(fēng)貌，風(fēng)格各異的萬(wàn)國(guó)建筑為這座城市注入了無(wú)限的魅力。今日之上海，已經(jīng)成為享譽(yù)中外的國(guó)際大都市。

漫步在這座日新月異的現(xiàn)代大都市里，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多精彩的歷史亮點(diǎn)，隱現(xiàn)在眾多摩天大樓背后的是上海發(fā)展變化的軌跡。它們記述了上海自十九世紀(jì)末開埠以來(lái)，尤其是新中國(guó)成立以后，是如何迅猛發(fā)展的。

【參考譯文】

Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city the very epitome of modern China.Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own.Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis.A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past.Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai.They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China.【評(píng)析】

該篇翻譯屬于經(jīng)典話題，類似于上海城市介紹，考生如果熟悉教材，注意積累相關(guān)句型詞匯，特別是對(duì)“朝氣蓬勃、充滿活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、縮影epitome、遺跡 heritage、城市風(fēng)貌cosmopolitan feel、萬(wàn)國(guó)建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表達(dá)，應(yīng)該可以順利取得高分。

第三篇：09年11月1日高級(jí)口譯口試真題及答案

09年11月1日高級(jí)口譯口試真題及答案！

英譯漢：

Passage 1:

We have made significant strides in implementing the policies needed to take advantage of the new opportunities of development.We become more and more aware that these opportunities are indeed embedded in this serious economic crises.We are very confident that our skilled work force provides a strong foundation for future growth.And we are convinced that this work force allowed this country to become fa major center for advanced technology products in the world.In recent years, we further opened up our economy and China is now our number one trading partner.And our prudent financial policies and low level of public debt have positioned us well to address the challenges of the current crisis.All in all, we can look to the future with self-confidence that an economic U-turn is not only achievable, but also immediate.Of course, we will require perseverance in implementing our industrial restructuring and financial reform agenda.(參考答案)

我們大力落實(shí)政策去把握新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。我們?cè)絹?lái)越清楚地看到，眼前這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)確實(shí)孕育著新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，我們信心十足，因?yàn)槲覀兊氖炀毠?技能隊(duì)伍為今后的發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。我們堅(jiān)信，這支力量將使我國(guó)成為世界上主要的先進(jìn)技術(shù)產(chǎn)品中心。

近年來(lái)，我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)一步開發(fā)，中國(guó)已成為我們最大的貿(mào)易伙伴。審慎的金融政策及低水平的國(guó)債使我們有信心面對(duì)這場(chǎng)危機(jī)帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)?？傊?，我們滿懷自信，面對(duì)未來(lái)，經(jīng)濟(jì)U-型反轉(zhuǎn)不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，而且很快便會(huì)出現(xiàn)。當(dāng)然，我們需要堅(jiān)忍不拔的毅力來(lái)推行產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和金融改革（方案）。

Passage 2:

On behalf of all the membership of the United Nations, I hereby reaffirm the role of this international organization.When ti was created more than 60 years ago, the United Nations reflected humanity’s greatest hopes for a just and peaceful global community.It still embodies that dream.We remain the only world institution with the legitinacy and scope that derive from global membership, and a mandate that encompasses development, secutiry and human rights as well as the envoronment.I restate that we are an organization without independent military capability, and we dispose of relatively modest resources in the economic realm.Yet our influence and impact on the world is far greater than many believe to be the case, and often more than we ourselves realize.This influence derives not from any exercise of power, but from the force of the values we represent.Among these values are the maintenance of the world order and the establishment of world harmony.（參考答案）

我謹(jǐn)代表聯(lián)合國(guó)所有成員國(guó)，在此重申這個(gè)國(guó)際組織的作用。聯(lián)合國(guó)60多年前成立時(shí)，反映了人類建立一個(gè)公正和平的國(guó)際社會(huì)的殷切希望。聯(lián)合國(guó)至盡仍然代表了這個(gè)夢(mèng)想。我們?nèi)匀皇俏ㄒ痪哂挟a(chǎn)生于會(huì)籍普遍性的合法性和規(guī)模，并具有包括發(fā)展、安全和人權(quán)以及環(huán)境在內(nèi)的使命的全球性機(jī)構(gòu)。

我重申，這是一個(gè)沒(méi)有獨(dú)立軍事能力的組織，在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域也只處理相對(duì)不多的資源。然而，我們對(duì)世界的影響卻比許多人所認(rèn)為的要大得多，而且常常比我們自己所意識(shí)到的還要多。這種影響不是產(chǎn)生于權(quán)利的行使，而是產(chǎn)生于我們所代表的價(jià)值觀念的力量。我們的價(jià)值觀；包括維護(hù)國(guó)際次序，建立和諧世界。漢譯英：

（此題摘自江總書記于一九九九年十月二十二日在英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的演講）

Passage 1:

中華民族歷來(lái)尊重人的尊嚴(yán)和價(jià)值。還在遙遠(yuǎn)的古代，我們的先人就已提出“民為貴”的思想，認(rèn)為“天生萬(wàn)物，唯人為貴”，社會(huì)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，取決于人的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，取決于人的尊嚴(yán)的維護(hù)和價(jià)值的發(fā)揮。今天中國(guó)所煥發(fā)出來(lái)的巨大活力，是中國(guó)人民擁有廣泛自由、民主的生動(dòng)寫照。

中國(guó)確保十三億多人的生存權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)，是對(duì)世界人權(quán)事業(yè)的重大貢獻(xiàn)。集體人權(quán)與個(gè)人人權(quán)、經(jīng)濟(jì)文化權(quán)利與公民政治權(quán)利緊密結(jié)合和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，這適合中國(guó)國(guó)情，是中國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的必然道路。(參考答案)

The Chinese nation has always respected human dignity and value.Even in the ancient days, our ancestors came up with the idea of “people being the most important,” believe that “man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters.” The progress and development of a society hinge on human progress and development and depend on how well human dignity is maintained and how much human value is realized.The immense vitality displayed by China today is a vivid reflection of the broad freedoms and democtatic rights enjoyed by the Chinese people.Chins has a population of over 1.3 billion, and to ensure our people the rights to subsistence and development is in itself a major contribution to the progress of the world human rights cause.Collective and individual human rights should be considered together and their coordinated development should be pursued, and the same considerations should be given to the development of economic and cultural rights on the one hand and of civil and political rights on the other.This is dictated by China’s specific national conditions and therefore, is the only way to progress in human rights cause in Chins

第四篇：中級(jí)口譯真題答案

TRANSLATION TEST(2)(30 MINUTES)

Direction: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.本屆會(huì)議將圍繞“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”的主題，審議 5 個(gè)方面的議題，以期促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)和全球經(jīng)貿(mào)的發(fā)展。

今年的亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作組織會(huì)議將主要側(cè)重兩個(gè)方面：一是加強(qiáng)亞太經(jīng)合組織成員之間的合作，共同應(yīng)對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，重樹信心；二是繼續(xù)推進(jìn)亞太經(jīng)合組織貿(mào)易投資自由化進(jìn)程，推動(dòng)世界貿(mào)易組織盡早開始新一輪談判。

分析：

① 本屆會(huì)議將圍繞“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”的主題，審議 5 個(gè)方面的議題，以期促進(jìn)亞太地區(qū)和全球經(jīng)貿(mào)的發(fā)展。

譯文 1 ： This meeting will discuss the topic of “new century, new challenge: participate , cooperate and promote common prosperity covering 5 areas with a view to enhancing the development of economy and trade between the Asian-Pacific region and the rest world.譯文 2 ： This meeting will center round the theme of “Meeting new challenges in the new century: achieving common prosperity through participation and cooperation” under 5 heads with a view to promoting the economic and trade development in the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large.考點(diǎn)： 意譯：“新世紀(jì)、新挑戰(zhàn)：參與、合作、促進(jìn)共同繁榮”如譯文 1 翻譯純粹采取直譯，把字面意思翻譯出來(lái)，而譯文 2 把這句話的含義翻譯出來(lái)，值得推薦。

轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：動(dòng)詞 → 名詞 參與 →participation 合作 →cooperation

② 今年的亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作組織會(huì)議將主要側(cè)重兩個(gè)方面：一是加強(qiáng)亞太經(jīng)合組織成員之間的合作，共同應(yīng)對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，重樹信心；二是繼續(xù)推進(jìn)亞太經(jīng)合組織貿(mào)易投資自由化進(jìn)程，推動(dòng)世界貿(mào)易組織盡早開始新一輪談判。

譯文 1 ： The APEC meeting in this year will focus mainly on two aspects: one is on strengthening the cooperation among all the APEC members to cope with the possible economic recession through rebuilding up confidence;the other is on promoting the liberalization of trade and investment of APEC for the start of a new round of negotiations/talks for WTO.譯文 2 ： This year’s APEC meeting will focus on two key missions: one is to strengthen the cooperation among APEC members in dealing with a possible economic slowdown to build up new confidence;the other is to continue to advance the process of APEC trade and invest liberalization and facilitation and urge the WTO to initiate a new round of talks as soon as possible.考點(diǎn)： 增詞譯法：“一是加強(qiáng)” →one is on strengthening，因?yàn)榍敖?focus mainly on，因此增加 on 介詞。

第五篇：翻譯題部分答案

英語(yǔ)翻譯第一章

1． Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.她砰地關(guān)上門，一聲不吭地走了，他們間那場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)就此結(jié)束

2． The guest at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.出席晚宴的客人對(duì)那個(gè)美國(guó)人威嚴(yán)的語(yǔ)氣感到有點(diǎn)以外

3． Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.約翰尼已長(zhǎng)大成熟，不再害怕獨(dú)自呆在家里了

4． While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.當(dāng)全部乘客都向出口處走去時(shí)，他卻獨(dú)自留在座位上，好象不愿意離開這架飛機(jī)似的5． The letter is to be handed to Dr.Wilson himself.這封信必須交給威爾遜博士本人

6． While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.南希雖然很想?yún)⒓愚q論，但靦腆得不敢開口

7． What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?

你覺(jué)得什么時(shí)候最有可能在家里找到他

8． The hunter’s face(was)lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the

direction of/ make for the trap he had laid.獵人一看見有只狐貍從樹叢中出現(xiàn)并向他設(shè)下的陷阱方向跑去，臉上頓時(shí)閃出了興奮的表情

英語(yǔ)翻譯第二章

1． It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of 11 be appointed to make a new constitution.會(huì)上有人建議任命一個(gè)十一人委員會(huì)來(lái)制定新章程

2． By making on-the-spot observation, the young scientist obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.這些青年科學(xué)家通過(guò)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀察，獲得了研究工作所需的第一手資料

3． It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.他很可能會(huì)因視力不好而被拒收入伍

4． The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.委員會(huì)成員在新機(jī)場(chǎng)最佳選址這一問(wèn)題上持有不同意見

5.Henry’s works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brother’s.亨利創(chuàng)作的藝術(shù)品在許多方面比他兄弟的要好

6.The steady rise in the quality of our products owes much to the improvement of our equipment.我們產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)步提高在很大程度上是由于設(shè)備有所改進(jìn)

7.Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didn’t because as a soldier he had to obey the order.吉姆本想按照自己的判斷行事，但他沒(méi)有這樣做，因?yàn)樽鳛檐娙怂梅拿?/p>

8.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars.I should not hesitate a

moment to prefer the latter.如果讓我來(lái)決定我們是要一個(gè)沒(méi)有自行車的城市呢，還是要一個(gè)沒(méi)有汽車的城市，我會(huì)毫不猶豫地選擇后者

英語(yǔ)翻譯第三章

1.She got a post as a cashier at a local bank.But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.她在當(dāng)?shù)匾患毅y行找到一份出納員的工作，但不久因不稱職而被解雇了。

2.It is obviously/clearly his young assistant who is running the book store.很明顯是他的年輕助手在經(jīng)營(yíng)這家書店。

3.No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to her feet to protest.這項(xiàng)建議在會(huì)上一宣布，她就站起來(lái)提出異議。

4.Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are slim.比爾已向哈佛大學(xué)申請(qǐng)助教職位，但他得到它的可能性很小。

5.Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.由于缺乏資金，他們正在想辦法吸引外資。

6.The room smells of stale air.It must have been vacant for a long time.這個(gè)房間有股霉味，一定是好久沒(méi)人住了。

7.As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.就業(yè)余愛好而言，珍妮和她妹妹幾乎沒(méi)有什么共同之處。

8.It is self-evident that the education of the young is vital to the future of a country.不言而喻，青年人的教育對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家的未來(lái)是至關(guān)重要的。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第四章

1.The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over/down.那小女孩跑的太快，身體一下失去平衡，跌倒了。

2.I was impressed by his devotion to his research but I did not have the slightest interest in his profound theories.他致力于研究工作的精神給我留下了很深刻印象，但我對(duì)他那些深?yuàn)W的理論絲毫不感興趣。

3.Be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood.千萬(wàn)別說(shuō)可能會(huì)被人誤解的話。

4.I was so bewildered by their conflicting advice that I did not know how to act.我被他們互相矛盾的意見搞糊涂了，不知如何去做才是。

5.At first this complicated problem frustrated them, but after thinking it over carefully they finally worked out a solution.起初，這個(gè)復(fù)雜問(wèn)題使他們感到灰心喪氣，但經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)思考他們終于研究出了解決辦法。

6． The head of the sports delegation beamed with delight when a young pioneer presented him with a bunch of flowers.體育代表團(tuán)團(tuán)長(zhǎng)在少先隊(duì)員向他獻(xiàn)上一束鮮花時(shí)愉快地笑了。

7． I really don’t see why our English teacher should single out our monitor for praise since we have all done quite well this term.這學(xué)期我們都學(xué)習(xí)不錯(cuò)，我真不明白為什么我們的英語(yǔ)老師單單表?yè)P(yáng)了班長(zhǎng)一個(gè)人。

8． I believe in the theory that the higher animals developed from the lower ones.我相信比較高級(jí)的動(dòng)物是由比較低級(jí)的動(dòng)物進(jìn)化而來(lái)的這一學(xué)說(shuō)。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第六章

1.If / As long as you keep on trying, you will be able to resolve this difficult problem sooner or later.只要你不斷努力，你遲早會(huì)解決這個(gè)難題的。

2.We anticipate encountering / that we will encounter resistance to our plan / our plan will meet with resistance.我們預(yù)料我們的計(jì)劃會(huì)受到抵制。

3.Jim’s friends said that the noise pollution in their city was terrible, but they had to live with it.吉姆的朋友說(shuō)，他們那個(gè)城市的噪音污染十分嚴(yán)重，但是他們只好忍著。

4.At first Tom thought that with his knowledge, skill and experience he was bound to find a satisfactory job.湯姆起初認(rèn)為，憑他的知識(shí)、技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一定能夠找到一份稱心如意的工作。

5.It would be wise(advisable)to handle this delicate problem with calmness and patience.冷靜耐心的處理這個(gè)微妙問(wèn)題是明智的。

6.Dick thought that if he was not able to take the machine apart, chances were that no other worker in the plant could, either.迪克認(rèn)為如果他拆不開那臺(tái)機(jī)器，那么很可能廠里別的工人也拆不開。

7.Do you think bus drivers should take full responsibility for the passenger’s safety.你是否認(rèn)為公共汽車司機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)乘客的安全負(fù)完全的責(zé)任？

8.You need not dwell on your mistakes in judgment any more.What’s important is to try your best to avoid repeating them.你不必再去多想判斷上的那些失誤了。重要的是盡量避免再犯。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第六章

1.The local people’s response to the new security measures was enthusiastic.當(dāng)?shù)鼐用駥?duì)新的安全措施反應(yīng)熱烈。

2.What good will it do to argue with him if he takes a negative attitude toward the whole thing?要是他對(duì)整個(gè)事情持否定態(tài)度，跟他爭(zhēng)辯還有什么用呢？

3.Just before he was released from jail.Vingo wrote a letter to his wife asking she would have him back.就在文戈獲釋之前，他給妻子寫了封信，問(wèn)她是否愿意讓他回去。

4.The criminal was given a stiff sentence of fifteen years.那名罪犯被從嚴(yán)判處十五年徒刑。

5.The doctor told Mrs.Nolen that her decision to move to the countryside was an intelligent one and probably had helped to

a certain degree to bring back her health.醫(yī)生對(duì)諾蘭太太說(shuō)，她搬到鄉(xiāng)下去住的明智決定在一定程度上幫助她恢復(fù)了健康。

6.His room was small but quite cozy, with a fireplace, a soft chair and a sofa.He seemed contented with it.他那個(gè)房間有壁爐、軟椅和沙發(fā)，雖然小些，但挺舒適?？磥?lái)他很滿意。

7.The policeman asked the driver to describe the accident in a greater detail.警察要求司機(jī)把事故講述得更詳細(xì)一些。

8.Peter is not good at maths, but when it comes to sports, he is the best in the class.彼得的數(shù)學(xué)不好，但要說(shuō)到體育，他卻是班上最好的。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第八章

1.Vast amounts of investment have enabled the economy of the area to grow rapidly.巨額投資使這一地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)得以迅速發(fā)展。

2.They launched a campaign to raise money for a new hospital.他們?yōu)樾陆ㄒ凰t(yī)院開展籌款運(yùn)動(dòng)。

3.It is true that success lies in diligence.成功在于勤奮，這句話很正確。

4.Men of high moral standards, they are never to be tempted to take such expensive gifts.他們都具有很高的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，決不會(huì)受誘惑接受如此貴重的禮品。

5.There are indications that numerous factories are faced with a very difficult situation.有跡象表明，不少工廠正面臨這十分困難的局面。

6.The police arrested the criminal on a charge of armed robbery several hours after they found an important clue to his identity.警方找到罪犯是誰(shuí)的重要線索后，在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)就以武裝搶劫罪拘捕了他。

7.Investigation has revealed that retirement tends to cause psychological troubles for some people.調(diào)查揭示，對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)，退休往往會(huì)造成心理上的病痛。

8.The medical team did more than complain about the relatively poor working conditions at the local hospital.For instance,several doctors bought simple medical instruments with their own money.醫(yī)療隊(duì)并沒(méi)有一味抱怨當(dāng)?shù)蒯t(yī)院較差的工作條件。比如說(shuō)，好幾位醫(yī)生就曾用自己的錢購(gòu)置了簡(jiǎn)單的醫(yī)療器械。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第九章

1.Everything indicates that something has gone wrong with his plan.一切都表明他的計(jì)劃出了毛病。

2.The author thinks that we should not take it for granted that those who score high on intelligence tests will certainly

do well in practical work.作者認(rèn)為，我們不應(yīng)想當(dāng)然地以為那些智力測(cè)驗(yàn)得分高的人在實(shí)際工作中就一定能干得好。

3.I singled out a few English idioms to test my classmates

我挑出幾條英語(yǔ)成語(yǔ)(idiom),考了一下我的同班同學(xué)．

4.Three professors were invited to design the curriculum for new teachers assess.三位教授被請(qǐng)來(lái)對(duì)新教員設(shè)計(jì)的教案做出評(píng)估.5.This is but just a small loss to us.Don't make a fuss over it.這對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)很小的損失,不要大驚小怪.6.He scored far more than any of his opponents, which proved him a worthy winner.他比任何對(duì)手的得分都高很多,證明他不愧為一個(gè)勝利者.7.The two animals are alike in appearance, but they belong to different species.這兩只動(dòng)物外貌很相似，但它們屬于不同的種類

8.I don't know for sure whether the bank will grant him the loan he has applied for.我并不確切知道他申請(qǐng)的貸款（loan）銀行是否會(huì)給。

英語(yǔ)翻譯第十章

1.Through the article the author wants to convey to the readers his opinion on praise and criticism.作家想通過(guò)這篇文章向讀者傳達(dá)她對(duì)贊揚(yáng)與批評(píng)的看法。

2.Of the dozen of waitresses in the restaurant, only three have had any previous experience.這家餐館十二名女侍中，只有三名先前有過(guò)干這種活兒的經(jīng)歷。

3.Though he isn't much of a scholar, the teacher does know how to teach a course in a lively and interesting manner.這位教師可能不是一個(gè)了不起的學(xué)者，但他的確懂得怎樣把一門課教得活潑而有趣。(in a...manner)

4.We often find that to apply a rule is much more difficult than to know it.我們常常發(fā)現(xiàn)運(yùn)用一個(gè)規(guī)律比懂得它要難得多。

5.She never scolds her children for squabbling.Instead, she gives them a few words of praise when they play quietly.她從不因?yàn)楹⒆觽儬?zhēng)吵便責(zé)罵他們，而是在他們安安靜靜地玩耍時(shí)贊揚(yáng)幾句。

6.Mr.Green was always critical of his daughter's writings, but somehow he commented favorably on that poorly written poem of hers.格林先生老是挑他女兒寫作的刺兒，但不知怎的，對(duì)她那首寫得很差的詩(shī)歌卻給予好評(píng)。

7.Quite a few students in our class were publicly criticized by the teacher for failing to hand in their compositions on time.我們班上有不少學(xué)生因?yàn)闆](méi)有按時(shí)交作業(yè)而受到教師的當(dāng)眾批評(píng)。

8.A good teacher should be very alert to his students' progress.If their progress is ignored, the students will feel discouraged.一位好的教師應(yīng)對(duì)學(xué)生取得的進(jìn)步非常敏感。如果學(xué)生的進(jìn)步被忽視，他們就會(huì)感到沮喪。