第一篇:Introduction of Medicine醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論留學(xué)生教學(xué)大綱
Syllabus of Introduction Of Medicine Ⅰ)Course name:Introduction of Medicine Ⅱ)Course No:
Ⅲ)Studying Hour:36 hours Ⅳ)Text Book:
Ⅴ)Courses Category:Basic, compulsory course
Ⅵ)Teaching Object:International students of clinical medicine Ⅶ)Teaching Unit: Ⅷ)Teaching Objective:
Introduction of Medicine briefly describes the development of medicine from antiquity to the present and explores the general rule of medical science development by insight into the relationship among natural science, society, culture, politics, economy and philosophy.It leads students toward an understanding of the historical and the present status of medicine, the role of doctors and patients, medical education and medical study, health service system.This course is an interdisciplinary program and will help students project a positive professional attitude and promote the role of conversion from a medical student to a real doctor.Ⅸ)Teaching Content:
Chapter 1 Introduction: 1.Topics:
1.1 Definition,characteristics, Major research fields, contents and classification of Medicine 1.2 History of medicine 1.3The origin and development of medicine;medical education and medical study;doctors and patients;health service system.2.The Key to Difficult:
History of medicine: definition, research fields, classification and significance of learning 3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 2:Ancient Medicine 1.Topics:
1.1The origin of medicine: archaeological evidences, historical records.It include ancient Egyptian medicine, ancient Babylon and Assyrian medicine, ancient Indian medicine and ancient Chinese medicine.1.2 Ancient western medicine: including ancient Greece medicine and ancient Roman medicine 1.3 The characteristics of ancient medicine 1.4 Development of Medicine in renaissance 1.5 The characteristics of Medicine in renaissance 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 To master the characteristics of ancient medicine 2.2 Social and cultural background of Medicine in renaissance 2.3 Characteristics of medical development in middle ages and the Renaissance 3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 3:17 th, 18 th and 19 th Century Medicine 1.Topics:
1.1 The 17 th century medicine
(1)The natural science background of medical development and the representative figures: Bruno, G.;Dilderp, V.;Galileo Galilei;Kepler;et al.(2)The main medical achievement in 17 th century: William Harvey's discovery of blood circulation;the invention and application of microscopes;three views of medical theory(iatrophysics;iatrochemistry;vitalism);clinical medicine
(3)Other characteristics of 17 th century medicine: the establishment of Institute of Medicine(IOM);the publication of medical journals;the beginning of medical international communication;the introduction of medicinal plants to Europe 1.2 The 18 th century medicine
(1)The social background of medical development: the fast development of scientific techniques;the formation of the view of mechanical materialism.(2)The main medical achievement in 18 th century.The progress of physiology: Galvsnism;the discoveries of Haller A.Von, Bell, C., Stephen H., et al.The establishment pathological anatomy: the idea of Morgagni G.B.about the sites and causes of disease.(3)The bed side teaching: Boerharve H.(4)The invention of percussion: Auenbrugger L.(5)The independence of obstetrics: the invention and application of obstetric forceps.(6)The application of statistics
(7)The improvement of the public health condition
(8)The vaccination invention: Edward Jenner 1.3 The 19 th century medicine(1)The first half of 19 th century
①The social background: the advances of natural science and philosophy.②The main medical achievements: cytology and cellular pathology(Schleiden MJ., Schwann Th.and Virchow, R);comparative anatomy and embryology(Cuvier G., Baer K., et al);pharmacology(the extraction of effective ingredient and production of chemical synthesized medicine);the establishment of experimental pharmacology;physiology and experimental physiology;diagnostics(the invention of auscultation apparatus and mediate percussion)
③The backward clinical medicine(2)The second half of 19 th century
①The social background: the gradual rise of Japanese medicine and United States Medicine
②The main medical achievements: bacteriology(the important contribution of Louis Pakoff’s revealing phagocytosis, Widal’s reaction);the invention and application of anesthetization and sterilization;preventive medicine(sanitary survey, the foundation of reseasteur and Robert Koch to medicine and significance);immunology(Behring and Kitasato’s discovery of diphtheria antitoxin, Metchnirch institutes of public health);the emergence of forensic medicine ad nursing, the liberalization of psychotic patients, the foundation of International Red Cross(IRC).1.4 The characteristics and development patterns of the 17 ~19 century medicine.2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 To master the characteristics of 17 th, 18 th and 19 th century medicine 2.2 Social and cultural background of Medicine in 17 th, 18 th and 19 th century 3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 4:Chinese Medicine(Remote antiquity – A.D.265)1.Topics:
1.1 The origin of medicine(from remote antiquity to 21 st century B.C.)
(1)The archaeological discoveries and historical legends relating to the origin of medicine.(2)The medical experience and knowledge of primitive men(3)The different viewpoints about the origin of medicine
1.2 Early experience of medicine and the academic direction of Chinese medicine(The Xia Dynasty ~ the Spring and Autumn Period, 22 century B.C.~ 476 B.C.)(1)The social background and culture, ideology(2)All aspects of medical knowledge
① The historical records relating to the understanding of disease, such as the exploration of the causes of disease, the observation of epidemic diseases, the diagnosis of the disease, treatment of disease, etc.② The historical records on knowledge of the drugs, such as the drug records in The Book of Songs and the Book of Mountains and Seas
③ The invention of liquor and decoction and their historical significance
④ Health care and medical system at that time
(3)The sprouting of Chinese traditional medical theories: The philosophical thoughts at that time and its influence to the formation of Traditional Chinese Medical Theories.1.3 The formation of Chinese academic system(The Warring States ~ the Three Kingdoms, 475 B.C.~ A.D.265)(1)The social background and its influence to medicine
(2)The contents and the value of the ancient medical books from Han dynasty tombs(3)The main contents and significance of four medical classics in ancient China:
Huangdi’s Internal Classics, Difficult Classic, Typhoid and Miscellaneous Diseases, Shen Nong’s Materia Medica
(4)The academic system of Chinese medicine, the characteristics and significance of differential treatment.2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 To master the formation of Chinese academic system 2.2 The main contents and significance of four medical classics in ancient China 3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 5:Chinese Medicine(Western Jin dynasty-YUAN dynasty, YEAR 265-1368)1.Topics:
1.1 The all-round development of Chinese medicine(the Western Jin Dynasty ~ the Five Dynasties Year 265~960)
(1)The social background and culture, ideology
(2)The achievements made in respect of the medical books and Notes(3)Achievement in the Pulse and Syndrome of disease sources(4)The development of prescription books
(5)The pharmacological development from Collective Notes to the Canon of Materia medica to New Materia Medica and its subsequent success(6)The achievement of the clinical subjects(7)The medical education level
(8)The exchange between Chinese medicine and foreign medicine
1.2 Medical experience and theoretical distillation(the Song Dynasty ~ the Yuan Dynasty, Year 960~1386)
(1)The social backgrounds in science, technology and ideology(2)The progress in the medicine administration
(3)The achievements on medical books and prescription books
(4)The new trends on pharmacological development and its achievements
(5)The new progress of the medical subjects
(6)Various medical thoughts and doctrines and their significance(7)The exchange between Chinese medicine and foreign medicine 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the clinical experience is the mainstream of Chinese medicine in this period.2.2 Be familiar with the development of the various specialties and achievements.2.3 Understand the famous doctors in this period and their medical books.2.4 Understand the historical background in the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty and the new theories set up by the doctors of the Song Dynasty and Yuan Dynasty.2.5 Understand the significance of the doctors’ academic thinking and innovation in theory.2.6 Understand the achievements in Chinese medicine administration, ancient books, prescription books, pharmacy and clinical medicine.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 6:Chinese Medicine(MING AND QING dynasty-OPIUM War, YEAR 1368-1840)1.Topics:
1.1 The social backgrounds in science, technology and ideology
1.2 The achievements in the maturity and the heyday of Chinese medicine: the medical literature, medical journals and academic groups, clinical departments, pharmacology, medical systems, preventive health and so on
1.3 The new progress and innovation in the field of medicine, epidemiology and anatomical physiology
1.4 The impact of back-to-ancients thoughts on the development of Chinese medicine and issues of classical medical notes prosperity
1.5 The exchange between Chinese medicine and foreign medicine 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the new exploration and the innovative progress in medicine, infectious diseases and anatomical physiology.2.2 Understand that Chinese medicine reaches a peak and make a considerable progress in this period.2.3 Understand the increasing improvement of the traditional academic system of Chinese medicine.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 7:The intersection and conflict between Chinese and Western Medicine E(YEAR 1840-1949)
1.Topics:
1.1 The social backgrounds in science, technology and ideology
1.2 The development of Chinese medicine: medical writings and pharmacotraditional Chinese medical formulae, etc.1.3 The spread and development of Western medicine in China
1.4 The combination between Chinese and Western medicine its significance 2.The Key to Difficult: 2.1 Master the research on the relationship of Chinese and western medicine, the achievements and limitations of narrators of Chinese and western medicine and Understand the relationship of Chinese and Western medicine which has become a new issue in the history of modern Chinese medicine.2.2 Be familiar with the influence of the Western medicine importation and spread on Chinese medicine.2.3 Understand the development condition of Chinese medicine in the recent 100 years.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 8:Development of Moden Chinese Medicine(YEAR 1949-Nowadays)
1.Topics:
1.1The new policy for Chinese medicine
1.2 The prosperity and development of Chinese medicine in P.R.China
1.3 The main achievement of contemporary Chinese medicine in the field of the prevention and cure of diseases, preclinical medicine, preventative medicine, medicine, combination between Chinese and western medicine, etc.1.4 The impact of Chinese medicine abroad and its international prospects 1.5 The development trends of Chinese medicine in the future 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Under the new economic, political and cultural conditions, the new achievements and development of Chinese medicine
2.2 Be familiar with the policy environment which Chinese medicine possesses in this period.2.3 Understand the significance of combining Chinese and western medicine, the impact and prospects of Chinese medicine abroad.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 9:Modern Medicine 1.Topics:
1.1 The social and cultural background: science and technology development.(1)Specialization of medical science, pharmaceutical sciences, diagnostics and therapeutics, etc(2)The internationalization of medical development(3)Modernization of medical techniques
(4)Intersection of the various medical subjects creates new borderline subjects(5)The network of modern medicine
(6)Human genome project(HGP)and the post-genome era(7)Proteome Project
(8)The cancer genome project 1.2 The branches of the modern medicine and their main research contents
(1)Basic medicine: Biology;Anatomy;Physiology;Pathophysiology;Biochemistry;Microbiology;Parasitology;Immunology;Histology and Embryology;Pathology;Diagnostics;Medical psychology;Forensic Medicine;Neurology;Psychiatry;Pharmacology;Epidemiology;Protective medicine;Traditional Chinese Medicine, etc.(2)Clinical disciplines: Internal medicine;Surgery;Obstetrics & Gynaecology;Paediatrics;Clinical ecsomatics;Medical imageology;Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, etc.1.3 The advance and development trend in various subjects of modern medicine: Molecule Biology;Immunology;Genetics;Transplantation;Gene Therapy;Geratology;New emerging Infection Diseases.1.4 The evolution of the medical models(1)Definition of medical model
(2)The characteristics and transitions of medical models: Spirtualism medical model;Nature
philosophical medical model;Mechanistic medical model;biomedical model;Bio-psycho-social medical model.(3)The characteristics of modern medicine and the disadvantages of biomedical model(4)The significance of the transition in medical models 1.5 The characteristics of modern medicine development 1.6 The enlightenment from the development of modern medicine.2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the modern medical polyclinic and their research contents.2.2 Be familiar with the main achievements and development tendency of the various subjects of modern medicine.2.3 Understand the contemporary background of science and technology.2.4 Master the concept and evolution of medical model.2.5 Be familiar with the bio-psycho-social medical model and its significance.2.6 Understand the development characteristics of modern medicine and the enlightenment.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 10:Medical Eduction and Medical Study 1.Topics:
1.1 International medical education standards(“Standards” as the short form thereinafter)and their general requirements.(1)History background of constituting the Standards(2)Purpose of constituting the Standards(3)Concept of the Standards(4)Basic contents of two Standards in the world(international standards in medical education by the World Federation for Medical Education [WFME] and Global Minimum Essential Requirements by the Institute for International Medical Education [IIME])1.2 Reform and development of medical education
(1)The structures of medical education system, the categories of medical education process, its missions and characteristics.(2)Challenges confronted by medical education, the reform contents of medical education and teaching.(3)Medical education system and education reform in China.1.3 The characteristics of medical study
(1)The characteristics of study in college and the influencing factors(2)The characteristics of medical study(3)The principles of medical study
1.4 The strategies and methods of medical study: the memory methods of medical knowledge, the training methods of medical thinking, the study methods of medical courses, the study methods in the medical internship, the training methods in research ability, and training methods of complex makings.2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the methods and characteristics of medical study.2.2 Understand the international standards in medical education.2.3 Understand the characteristics of medical education, contents of education reform and confronted challenges.2.4 Understand the factors influencing study and the characteristics of study in college.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 11:Doctors and Patients 1.Topics:
1.1 The role(character)of doctor(1)The features of doctor’s role
(2)The rights and obligations of a doctor, the duties of doctor(3)Occupational quality of doctors
1.2 Role of patients: the need and expectation of patients, the rights and obligations of patients 1.3 Medical interpersonal relationship and communication
(1)Concept of communication, general skills of communication(2)How to communicate with patients better for doctors
(3)Concept, model and influence factors of doctor-patient relationship, how to establish harmonious doctor-patient relationship, correctly dealing with interpersonal relationship in medical practice 1.4 Problems related with law in clinical practice.(1)Concept of hygiene law and regulation, legal liability(obligation)in hygiene laws(2)Concept and grade of medical malpractice(Medical Accidents), identity and procedure of expert evaluation(technology identification)on medical malpractice(3)Several conditions that don’t belong to medical malpractice 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the rights and obligations of doctor and patient in law.2.2 Master the concept, model and influence factors of doctor-patient relationship.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Chapter 12:Health Services System 1.Topics:
1.1 The health services system: the definition, ingredients and functions.1.2 The health service system.(1)The hospital and the medical care system
①The basic functions, the staff and classified methods of hospital
②The developing process of hospital
③The factors influencing the hospital development, including medical science, medical technology, nursing, medical education, medical insurance, the function of government, the ownership of hospitals, etc
(2)The typical models of the international health system and the process of their reform 1.3 The status of medical care in China.(1)The policies of health service
①The forming and development of the policies after the establishment of P.R.China
②The forming and significance of the policies in the new stage
(2)The health resource, including the health organization, the hospital beds, the personnel, health financing, etc.(3)The main achievement of health service after the establishment of P.R.China(4)The health reform: the background, principles and tasks 2.The Key to Difficult:
2.1 Master the definition and ingredients of the health service system.2.2 Understand the models and development of the health system in some countries, such as England, American and China.2.3 Understand the policies of health service and the status of health reform in China.3.Teaching Method: 3.1 Lecture 3.2 Multi-media teaching methods 3.3 Self study Ⅹ)Practice:
Discussion Ⅺ)References:
1.Bulletin of the History of Medicine
2.Journal of History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 3.Current Work in the History of Medicine
4.Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History to Humanity, New York/London: W.W.Norton, 1997 Ⅻ)Assessment Methods:
1.Examination patterns:At the end of the course the student will be evaluated in the theory level, the ability of self-directed learning, presentation(or essay)and class attendance.2.Marks distribution: Theory Final Exam: 60% of total mark Regular marks: including Presentation: 25% and Independence learning: 10% Attendance: 5%
第二篇:康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論-教學(xué)大綱
《康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》教學(xué)大綱
一、前言
康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論是介紹康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的入門(mén)書(shū)籍。它的任務(wù)是通過(guò)介紹康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的概念、治療對(duì)象、治療體系、治療手段和方法、康復(fù)治療學(xué)所涵蓋的學(xué)科內(nèi)容,幫助學(xué)生確正確的專(zhuān)業(yè)思想,端正學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度,建立良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法。本課程是南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)康復(fù)治療學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)的必修課。
康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論在4年制康復(fù)治療學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)第一學(xué)年開(kāi)課,共24學(xué)時(shí)。教學(xué)的主要目的是:(1)使學(xué)生了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的基本概念和內(nèi)容,樹(shù)立正確的專(zhuān)業(yè)思想;(2)使學(xué)生了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)所涉及的學(xué)科以及相關(guān)學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn),為學(xué)好后期的康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)課程打下良好基礎(chǔ)。
教學(xué)內(nèi)容包括:康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)概論、康復(fù)基礎(chǔ)學(xué)、康復(fù)評(píng)定學(xué)、康復(fù)治療學(xué)、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)工程等。
教學(xué)形式包括課堂講授,病例示教和見(jiàn)習(xí)。理論課和實(shí)習(xí)課(包括課堂病例示教、見(jiàn)習(xí))的比例暫定7∶1。
課程結(jié)束時(shí)進(jìn)行一次考試(筆試,閉巻)。
二、課題及時(shí)數(shù)分配
1、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)概述 3學(xué)時(shí)
2、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展史 3學(xué)時(shí)
3、康復(fù)基礎(chǔ)學(xué) 3學(xué)時(shí)
4、康復(fù)評(píng)定學(xué) 3學(xué)時(shí)
5、康復(fù)治療學(xué) 3學(xué)時(shí)
6、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)生物力學(xué)和工程 3學(xué)時(shí)
7、社區(qū)康復(fù) 3學(xué)時(shí)
8、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論見(jiàn)習(xí)3學(xué)時(shí)
9、考試 2學(xué)時(shí)
二、教學(xué)內(nèi)容及安排
以下教學(xué)內(nèi)容中標(biāo)記“☆”為掌握內(nèi)容,標(biāo)記“●”為熟悉內(nèi)容,標(biāo)記“△”為了解內(nèi)容。教學(xué)中 “掌握內(nèi)容”重點(diǎn)闡述,“熟悉內(nèi)容”適當(dāng)敘述,“了解內(nèi)容”只需簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明。
(一)康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)概述(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的基本概念、服務(wù)對(duì)象、服務(wù)內(nèi)容以及工作方式,熟悉殘疾的定義和分類(lèi),理解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)對(duì)現(xiàn)有醫(yī)療價(jià)值觀的沖擊,學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)用辯證思維的方法處理康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)踐過(guò)程中遇到的問(wèn)題。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的基本定義
(30分鐘)☆
2、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的內(nèi)容
(20分鐘)△
3、殘疾的定義和分類(lèi)
(20分鐘)●
4、醫(yī)療價(jià)值觀
(20分鐘)●
5、美國(guó)康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)模式和啟示
(10分鐘)△
6、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)實(shí)踐中的辯證思維
(20分鐘)●
(二)康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展史(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
熟悉國(guó)際康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歷史,掌握中國(guó)的康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展史,加深理解我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展與國(guó)外的差距和優(yōu)勢(shì),開(kāi)創(chuàng)中國(guó)特色的康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展道路。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、國(guó)際康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歷史
(30分鐘)
2、中國(guó)古代康復(fù)思想和方法
(30分鐘)
3、中國(guó)近代康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展
(30分鐘)
4、與世界的差距和潛在發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)
(30分鐘)●
△
●
☆
△
3、生物力學(xué)在康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)中的作用及應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域
(20分鐘)●
4、運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)的意義和內(nèi)容介紹(20分鐘)△
5、人體發(fā)育學(xué)的意義和內(nèi)容介紹(20分鐘)●
6、健康教育學(xué)的意義及內(nèi)容介紹(10分鐘)△
7、環(huán)境改造學(xué)的意義及內(nèi)容介紹
(10分鐘)
(三)康復(fù)基礎(chǔ)學(xué)(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的服務(wù)對(duì)象及所涉及治療技術(shù)應(yīng)該掌握地的相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),了解這些相關(guān)知識(shí)的概況和結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),熟悉今后學(xué)習(xí)這些相關(guān)課程的方法和重點(diǎn)。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、國(guó)際功能、殘疾和健康分類(lèi)
(30分鐘)☆
2、人體解剖學(xué)和生理學(xué)的意義
(10分鐘)●
(四)康復(fù)評(píng)定學(xué)(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解康復(fù)評(píng)定的意義,熟悉康復(fù)評(píng)定的內(nèi)容,為今后的專(zhuān)業(yè)課程學(xué)習(xí)建立學(xué)習(xí)方論。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法
1、康復(fù)功能評(píng)定概述(30分鐘)●
2、康復(fù)功能評(píng)定程序及意義(20分鐘)☆
3、臟器層面康復(fù)評(píng)定的內(nèi)容及學(xué)習(xí)方法介紹(20分鐘)△
4、個(gè)體層面康復(fù)評(píng)定的內(nèi)容及學(xué)習(xí)方法介紹(30分鐘)●
5、社會(huì)層面康復(fù)評(píng)定的內(nèi)容及學(xué)習(xí)方法介紹(20分鐘)△
(五)康復(fù)治療學(xué)(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解康復(fù)治療學(xué)的概念,理解康復(fù)治療與臨床治療的關(guān)系,掌握康復(fù)治療學(xué)的具體技術(shù)的概念和基本原則,熟悉康復(fù)治療學(xué)的具體技術(shù)的工作流程和工作內(nèi)容。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)治療學(xué)定義
(10分鐘)△
2、康復(fù)治療與臨床治療的關(guān)系
(20分鐘)●
3、物理治療的定義
(20分鐘)☆
4、運(yùn)動(dòng)療法(20分鐘)●
5、物理因子(10分鐘)●
6、作業(yè)治療(20分鐘)☆
7、言語(yǔ)治療(10分鐘)●
8、心理治療(5分鐘)△
9、支具和輔助具治療(5分鐘)△
(六)康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)生物力學(xué)和工程(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解生物力學(xué)的概念,熟悉人體常見(jiàn)的生物力學(xué)類(lèi)型,理解生物力學(xué)知識(shí)對(duì)康復(fù)臨床的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,了解常見(jiàn)康復(fù)相關(guān)工程的器具的應(yīng)用范圍。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、生物力學(xué)的概念
(20分鐘)△
2、人體生物力學(xué)的種類(lèi)
(20分鐘)●
3、生物力學(xué)對(duì)臨床康復(fù)的應(yīng)用價(jià)值
(20分鐘)☆
4、假肢、矯形器、輔助具的種類(lèi)及其應(yīng)用范圍
(20分鐘)●
(七)社區(qū)康復(fù)(3學(xué)時(shí))目的:
了解社區(qū)康復(fù)的內(nèi)涵和外延,熟悉開(kāi)展社區(qū)康復(fù)的重要意義,了解現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)社區(qū)康復(fù)的服務(wù)方式,熟悉社區(qū)簡(jiǎn)易實(shí)用康復(fù)技術(shù)的種類(lèi)及其應(yīng)用范圍,了解社區(qū)康復(fù)的管理體系。
內(nèi)容、時(shí)數(shù)、方法:
1、社區(qū)康復(fù)的概念
(20分鐘)☆
2、社區(qū)康復(fù)的意義
(20分鐘)●
3、社區(qū)康復(fù)的服務(wù)方式
(20分鐘)●
4、社區(qū)康復(fù)治療技術(shù)的種類(lèi)及應(yīng)用
(40分鐘)☆
5、社區(qū)康復(fù)的管理體系
(20分鐘)△
(八)康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論見(jiàn)習(xí)(3學(xué)時(shí))內(nèi)容:
1、了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的服務(wù)對(duì)象
2、了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的日常工作內(nèi)容
3、了解康復(fù)醫(yī)學(xué)的組織形式
(九)社區(qū)康復(fù)中心參觀及“殘疾人日”社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)
第三篇:醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論心得
醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論心得
臨床0905 黃圓圓
200909155154
【摘要】:《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》的學(xué)習(xí)讓我們對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)有了更全面的了解,對(duì)醫(yī)生這個(gè)角色有了更好的認(rèn)識(shí),知道了對(duì)于一名好醫(yī)生,精湛的專(zhuān)業(yè)技能,崇高的醫(yī)德素養(yǎng)和良好的人際關(guān)系是非常必不可少的。【關(guān)鍵字】:醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論
專(zhuān)業(yè)素質(zhì)
職業(yè)道德
人際交往
雖然對(duì)《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》的學(xué)習(xí)只有短短的幾個(gè)周,可是我們卻獲益匪淺,給我們授課的老師都是醫(yī)院的各位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和專(zhuān)家,他們以飽滿的熱情,豐富的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)向我們介紹了醫(yī)學(xué)的起源與發(fā)展,醫(yī)學(xué)教育與醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)及衛(wèi)生生人員與衛(wèi)生服務(wù)工作等內(nèi)容。讓我們?cè)缙诮佑|認(rèn)識(shí)臨床,對(duì)臨床醫(yī)學(xué)有個(gè)全面的了解,對(duì)本專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)科有了大概的了解,讓我對(duì)以后的發(fā)展方向有了模糊的概念,初步學(xué)會(huì)進(jìn)入醫(yī)生的角色,提高對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)興趣??偟谜f(shuō)《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》這門(mén)課程是連接醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)課程和臨床課程的一條紐帶,一座橋梁,對(duì)于我們這些將來(lái)的準(zhǔn)醫(yī)生來(lái)說(shuō)是必不可少的導(dǎo)航。
首先這門(mén)課程最先向我們講述了醫(yī)學(xué)的起源和發(fā)展,了解到古代的東西方醫(yī)學(xué),近現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué),這些讓我感到了醫(yī)學(xué)的博大精深和源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),也讓我們?yōu)槿祟?lèi)祖先在過(guò)去的歲月中與疾病的斗爭(zhēng)中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的勇敢和智慧而自豪。其中最具影響力的莫過(guò)于希波拉克底的醫(yī)學(xué)誓詞了 “我愿以自身判斷力所及,遵守這一誓約。凡教給我醫(yī)術(shù)的人,我應(yīng)像尊敬自己的父母一樣,尊敬他。作為終身最終的對(duì)象及朋友,授給我醫(yī)書(shū)的恩師一旦發(fā)發(fā)生危急情況,我一定接濟(jì)他……我愿在我的判斷力所及的范圍內(nèi),盡我的能力,遵守為病人謀利益的道德原則,并杜絕一切墮落及害人的行為。我不得將有害的藥品給予他人,也不指導(dǎo)他人服用有害的藥品,更不答應(yīng)他人使用有害藥物的請(qǐng)求?!瓱o(wú)論到了什么地方,也無(wú)論需診治的人是男是女,是自由民還是奴婢,對(duì)他們我一視同仁,為他們謀幸福是我唯一的目的。我要檢點(diǎn)自己的行為舉止,不做各種害人的劣行,尤其不做誘奸女病人或病人眷屬的缺的事。在治病的過(guò)程中,凡我所見(jiàn)所聞,不論與行醫(yī)業(yè)務(wù)有否直接關(guān)系,凡我認(rèn)為要保密的事項(xiàng)堅(jiān)決不予泄露…… ” , 很好的概括了醫(yī)生的使命。還記得剛開(kāi)學(xué)在崇實(shí)會(huì)堂,大家一起舉著右拳念著鏗鏘有力的誓詞,是多么的熱血沸騰,第一次強(qiáng)烈地感受到醫(yī)生這個(gè)角色的神圣和肩負(fù)的重任。通過(guò)《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》這門(mén)課程的學(xué)習(xí),我更加深刻的了解了醫(yī)生角色的內(nèi)涵。
要想成為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)生,需要較高的綜合素質(zhì),以下三種能力則是必不可少的。
首先,要具備扎實(shí)的專(zhuān)業(yè)素質(zhì)。醫(yī)生應(yīng)當(dāng)具有淵博的包括醫(yī)學(xué)理論在內(nèi)的學(xué)科知識(shí)和科學(xué)的思想方法,要有扎實(shí)的臨床技能和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)墓ぷ髯黠L(fēng),保證診治的及時(shí)性、準(zhǔn)確性、有效性,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的醫(yī)學(xué)價(jià)值。不僅僅要牢記醫(yī)學(xué)課本上的理論知識(shí),而且更要注重臨床實(shí)踐技能。此外,我們不應(yīng)該只局限于醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),還應(yīng)不斷拓寬自己的知識(shí)面,多閱讀社會(huì)科學(xué)類(lèi)的書(shū)籍,積極參加社會(huì)實(shí)踐活動(dòng),向社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí),在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)。使不同的知識(shí)相互交叉滲透融合,不斷產(chǎn)生新的的知識(shí)和認(rèn)識(shí)。
其次,要有良好的職業(yè)道德。醫(yī)學(xué)道德是醫(yī)務(wù)人員在醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作中形成的并依靠社會(huì)輿論監(jiān)督和內(nèi)心信念指導(dǎo)的,用以調(diào)整醫(yī)務(wù)人員與服務(wù)對(duì)象以及醫(yī)務(wù)人員相互關(guān)系的行為原則和規(guī)范的總和?!搬t(yī)乃仁術(shù),無(wú)德不立;大醫(yī)有魂,生生不息”,作為醫(yī)生要有博愛(ài)、仁和的情懷、全心全意為人民健康服務(wù)的思想,把病人的利益放在第一位,必須以解決病人痛苦為己任,一切以服務(wù)病人為中心,視病人為親人。最重要的是要嚴(yán)格遵循醫(yī)德規(guī)范,對(duì)待病人不分身份、地位都應(yīng)一視同仁,而且要文明禮貌,態(tài)度和藹同情關(guān)心和體貼病人,把以“病人為中心”的服務(wù)理念,落實(shí)到我們的實(shí)際工作中去。
最后要有良好的人際關(guān)系和較強(qiáng)的溝通能力。人際交往是社會(huì)生活中不可缺少的組成部分,作為醫(yī)務(wù)工作者則更應(yīng)注重與患者的溝通,醫(yī)患之間良好的溝通人際關(guān)系對(duì)病程的治療是相當(dāng)重要的,而且也可以避免不必要的醫(yī)療糾紛。對(duì)醫(yī)生來(lái)說(shuō)掌握醫(yī)患溝通技巧是非常必要的,醫(yī)患關(guān)系是同等的、互助的,并且患者是中央,是主體,醫(yī)師是效勞者。醫(yī)生天天打仗的是病人,借必需富有憐憫古道熱腸和愛(ài)心,才能實(shí)正做到以病報(bào)酬中間,急病人之所慢,痛病人之所痛,更好地為病人消除病痛。醫(yī)生應(yīng)尊重病人,積極誠(chéng)懇的傾聽(tīng)病人的述說(shuō),在日常醫(yī)護(hù)工作中多與病人接觸,使患者感到被尊重被關(guān)心和重視,應(yīng)讓患者在每個(gè)小的細(xì)節(jié)上都能感得到同等,得到尊敬,以贏得患者的信任,才能讓患者在心思上克服徐病并樂(lè)意與醫(yī)生協(xié)作。此外醫(yī)生應(yīng)嚴(yán)格保護(hù)患者的隱私,理解患者的感受。只有當(dāng)患者真正的信任你依賴你,才能理解醫(yī)生的工作,為醫(yī)療過(guò)程創(chuàng)造和諧融洽的氛圍,使醫(yī)療活動(dòng)順利有序地進(jìn)行。
總之,作為臨床醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)生,我們應(yīng)從現(xiàn)在起充分認(rèn)識(shí)課程的重要性,腳踏實(shí)地的學(xué)好專(zhuān)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)理論、基本知識(shí)和基本技能,加強(qiáng)思想素質(zhì)上的提升,學(xué)會(huì)與人溝通,提升自己的人際交往能力。所謂干一行,愛(ài)一行,鉆一行,精一行,既然選著了臨床這個(gè)專(zhuān)業(yè),選擇了醫(yī)務(wù)工作者這個(gè)職業(yè),就該堅(jiān)定自己的目標(biāo)和理想,努力學(xué)習(xí),努力做一個(gè)有道德,醫(yī)德高尚,心系患者,醫(yī)術(shù)精湛的好醫(yī)生。
【參考文獻(xiàn)】:《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》 文歷陽(yáng)
《論人際交往的社會(huì)作用》 李寧
《醫(yī)學(xué)素質(zhì)教育與人才全面發(fā)展》 李艷芬 馬兆明.
第四篇:醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論感想
醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論感想
從我自己的角度來(lái)看,醫(yī)學(xué)生在大學(xué)中是一個(gè)特殊的群體,他們的學(xué)制與其他專(zhuān)業(yè)迥異,他們的課程比其他專(zhuān)業(yè)多得多,他們的責(zé)任也比其它人更重大。畢竟“健康所系,性命相托”。在我們用以人為本的思路思考問(wèn)題的時(shí)候,人的生命、人的健康成為了最根本的問(wèn)題,而負(fù)責(zé)這一最根本問(wèn)題的研究與實(shí)踐的,正是我們未來(lái)將要成為的醫(yī)務(wù)工作者。我們身上的責(zé)任是重大的,久久不能忘懷在報(bào)告廳高聲齊讀的醫(yī)學(xué)生誓言:我志愿獻(xiàn)身醫(yī)學(xué),熱愛(ài)祖國(guó),忠于人民,烙守醫(yī)德,尊師守紀(jì),刻苦鉆研,孜孜不倦,精益求精,全面發(fā)展。我決心竭盡全力除人類(lèi)之病痛,助健康之完美,維護(hù)醫(yī)術(shù)的圣潔和榮譽(yù)。救死扶傷,不辭艱辛,執(zhí)著追求,為祖國(guó)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)的發(fā)展和人類(lèi)身心健康奮斗終生。有了這份責(zé)任感,沒(méi)有任何困難可以難倒我們,艱巨的課業(yè)任務(wù)是我們成為優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)工作者的橋梁,八年苦讀是我們掌握技能的前提,難度是有的,但我們只能面對(duì)。我相信有了這份信念,這些困難都將迎刃而解。
有了成為優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)工作者,為人類(lèi)健康負(fù)責(zé)決心以后,我開(kāi)始思考真正優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)學(xué)工作者應(yīng)該具有怎樣的素質(zhì)。
首先是技術(shù)素質(zhì),醫(yī)學(xué)工作者的基礎(chǔ)素質(zhì)必為其技術(shù)素質(zhì)。醫(yī)生天職乃救死扶傷,不懂疾病談何救死扶傷。所以說(shuō)過(guò)硬的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)及豐富的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)是做一名優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)工作者的先決條件。怎樣實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)過(guò)硬哪?我們要從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始“尊師守紀(jì),刻苦鉆研,孜孜不倦”以課本為基礎(chǔ)但要超過(guò)課本,認(rèn)真對(duì)待如PBL、相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)等輔助課程,提高知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備,訓(xùn)練動(dòng)手實(shí)踐能力,同時(shí)將各學(xué)科知識(shí)結(jié)合起來(lái),將實(shí)踐與理論結(jié)合起來(lái)。除此以外,我們要明白,醫(yī)學(xué)不僅是一門(mén)需要經(jīng)驗(yàn)的學(xué)科,它更是一門(mén)高精尖的,不斷進(jìn)步的學(xué)科,內(nèi)容方法日新月異。這就要求我們擁有持續(xù)不斷的學(xué)習(xí)能力、活到老學(xué)到老的終身學(xué)習(xí)觀念。
除技術(shù)素質(zhì)外,我們還要擁有相當(dāng)水平的文化修養(yǎng)和與人交流的能力。常有人說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的醫(yī)患關(guān)系水深火熱,從我個(gè)人的角度看,部分原因是病人不了解醫(yī)生及醫(yī)療本身,客觀資源的匱乏也是原因之一,但從醫(yī)學(xué)工作者自身找原因,文化素質(zhì)及與人交流的能力是大問(wèn)題。因此,我們還要廣泛了解與修身行醫(yī)有關(guān)的社會(huì)科學(xué)如:心理學(xué)、法學(xué)、管理學(xué)、藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作等。這樣才能提高自身素養(yǎng),改善與人交流溝通的能力,由此更好的運(yùn)用自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),救死扶傷。
最后,也是最重要的,我們要遵守作為一個(gè)優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)工作者的職業(yè)道德。遵守醫(yī)學(xué)工作者的職業(yè)道德就是對(duì)患者的生命負(fù)責(zé)。我們應(yīng)在醫(yī)療中盡職盡責(zé),不放過(guò)一絲拯救病人的希望。同時(shí)秉公守法,隨時(shí)提醒自己病人的需要才是醫(yī)生的任務(wù),要把一己私利放在最后。講求方法,對(duì)不同的病人采用不同的交流方式,讓病人安心放心,樂(lè)觀的面對(duì)病情。
以上幾點(diǎn)都是作為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)學(xué)工作者所必需的素質(zhì)。我們將要在這幾年的學(xué)習(xí)生活工作中,努力掌握本職技術(shù),提高自身文化素質(zhì)修養(yǎng),提高覺(jué)悟提高語(yǔ)言藝術(shù),將自己打造成能肩負(fù)祖國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)未來(lái)的優(yōu)秀醫(yī)學(xué)工作者。
第五篇:醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論論文
我理想中的醫(yī)務(wù)工作者
“健康所系,性命相托。”帶著這一信念,我邁入了神圣的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)府,并莊嚴(yán)宣誓: 我志愿獻(xiàn)身醫(yī)學(xué),熱愛(ài)祖國(guó),忠于人民,烙守醫(yī)德,尊師守紀(jì),刻苦鉆研,孜孜不倦,精益求精,全面發(fā)展。我決心竭盡全力除人類(lèi)之病痛,助健康之完美,維護(hù)醫(yī)術(shù)的圣潔和榮譽(yù)。救死扶傷,不辭艱辛,執(zhí)著追求,為祖國(guó)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)的發(fā)展和人類(lèi)身心健康奮斗終生。作為一名醫(yī)學(xué)生,將來(lái)的白衣天使,我不得不開(kāi)始深思一個(gè)問(wèn)題,“如何成為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)務(wù)工作者?”
一、首先我要明確一點(diǎn),什么是醫(yī)學(xué)?醫(yī)學(xué)是旨在保護(hù)和加強(qiáng)人類(lèi)健康、預(yù)防和治療疾病的科學(xué)知識(shí)體系和實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。醫(yī)學(xué)和自然科學(xué)(生物學(xué)、物理學(xué)、化學(xué))和社會(huì)科學(xué)有著密切聯(lián)系,因?yàn)獒t(yī)學(xué)所研究的是與自然和社會(huì)互相聯(lián)系著的人。所以,我們一嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)貙?duì)待這一神圣的工作!
二、恪守醫(yī)生的職業(yè)道德。我國(guó)自古以來(lái)就有“醫(yī)無(wú)德者,不堪為醫(yī)”之說(shuō),醫(yī)生的職業(yè)道德又主要包括一下幾個(gè)方面:忠于職守,醫(yī)生應(yīng)把自己的全部身心投入到醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)中,把接觸病人旨疾苦,促進(jìn)常人旨健康,發(fā)展醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)作為自己的崇高的信念和職責(zé)。對(duì)病人的拯救只要又一線希望,絕不放過(guò),為任命的健康高度負(fù)責(zé);精益求精,一生要努力鉆研業(yè)務(wù),充分掌握精湛的醫(yī)療技術(shù),為醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)足額的發(fā)展做貢獻(xiàn);醫(yī)風(fēng)廉潔,醫(yī)生在與病人極其家屬交往中,要奉公守法,不圖私利,把病人的疾苦和安危放在首位;平等待患,不論服務(wù)對(duì)象的年齡、性別、種族、職業(yè)、植物、經(jīng)濟(jì)收入、社會(huì)地位等狀態(tài)如何,義務(wù)工作者都要秉公辦事,一視同仁;文明禮貌,醫(yī)生服務(wù)的對(duì)象是人,大多是病人,一生的言談舉止,要處處注意尊重病人,愛(ài)護(hù)病人;慎言守密,病人對(duì)醫(yī)生非常信任,把自己的身心疾苦告訴醫(yī)生,有些屬于個(gè)人意思,醫(yī)生有責(zé)任為病人保守秘密,在對(duì)病人的治療過(guò)程中,醫(yī)生也要出言謹(jǐn)慎,避免對(duì)病人或家火速長(zhǎng)生不必要的心里壓力或傷害。
三、提高個(gè)人綜合能力。要有過(guò)硬的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)及豐富的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn),還要有豐富的人文知識(shí),終身學(xué)習(xí)、虛心學(xué)習(xí)的精神。過(guò)硬的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)及豐富的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)是做一名好醫(yī)生的必備條件!過(guò)硬的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)及豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn),對(duì)每個(gè)職業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)都是必備的條件,對(duì)于醫(yī)生來(lái)說(shuō),這就更加重要了,醫(yī)生面對(duì)的是人的生命,如果你的技術(shù)水平不過(guò)硬的話,不可能讓病人信任你,病人也不可能把自己的生病交給你!刻苦鉆研,孜孜不倦,精益求精,全面發(fā)展。學(xué)醫(yī)不僅僅是學(xué)好本專(zhuān)業(yè)的課程,醫(yī)學(xué)是一門(mén)實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的學(xué)科,因此豐富的臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)就顯得更加重要了,必須積極投身臨床實(shí)踐中,在實(shí)踐中結(jié)合理論知識(shí),認(rèn)真思考,不斷提高自己的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)。如今社會(huì)高度發(fā)展,科學(xué)技術(shù)日新月異,醫(yī)療水平也在飛速發(fā)展,不斷的學(xué)習(xí)是非常重要的,因此要養(yǎng)成終身學(xué)習(xí)的理念。
四、自我文化素質(zhì)。學(xué)習(xí)不僅僅是讀書(shū),當(dāng)然讀書(shū)是必不可少的,還要不斷提高自己的操作,比如說(shuō)外科醫(yī)生的手術(shù)操作技術(shù),更重要的是要經(jīng)常參加一些科研與交流,虛心學(xué)習(xí)他人的長(zhǎng)處,了解最新動(dòng)態(tài),跟上時(shí)代的發(fā)展!好醫(yī)生還要有豐富的人文知識(shí),現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)模式從生物醫(yī)學(xué)模式向生物,心里,社會(huì),環(huán)境模式轉(zhuǎn)變,要求醫(yī)生不僅要具備豐富的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí),更需要廣泛的涉獵心理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、人文、藝術(shù)鑒賞、體育、甚至法學(xué)等等人文知識(shí),這樣才能更好的和病人交流,更好的理解病人。
五、具備和各種病人交流的能力。醫(yī)生是與人打交道的職業(yè),只有做好與病人的溝通、交流,了解病人的身心狀態(tài),才能作出正確的診斷和處理,接觸病人的疾苦。另外,只有增強(qiáng)交流能力,才能更好地與國(guó)內(nèi)外通融行進(jìn)行慣犯的交流,開(kāi)闊事業(yè),拓展空間,了解最新的國(guó)際醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)動(dòng)態(tài),走在醫(yī)學(xué)的前列。
六、學(xué)會(huì)合作的藝術(shù)。我們無(wú)論生活、工作、娛樂(lè)都離不開(kāi)人與人之間的配合與合作,當(dāng)醫(yī)生更是如此。同事間、同道間的友愛(ài)合作至關(guān)重要,一個(gè)醫(yī)術(shù)再高明的醫(yī)生,也必須要有其他醫(yī)護(hù)人員的配合才能完成各項(xiàng)醫(yī)療任務(wù)。醫(yī)生與醫(yī)生的相互理解與配合,是醫(yī)德的另一個(gè)重要方面,我們應(yīng)該懂得尊重別人也是尊重自己、尊重實(shí)際。別人如果很聰明,別人如
果很智慧、很成功,我們?nèi)バ蕾p他,不要嫉妒他。別人可能愚鈍、別人可能有過(guò)失,我們要理解他、原諒他,這樣才能真正的和諧。
我想,只有做好以上幾點(diǎn),我們才能朝著做一個(gè)好醫(yī)生的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)!如今,我已做好充分的準(zhǔn)備,迎接大學(xué)五年的學(xué)習(xí)與生活,秉著對(duì)生命的尊重的信念,我將認(rèn)真對(duì)待自己的學(xué)業(yè),打好扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),將來(lái)成為一名優(yōu)秀的醫(yī)務(wù)工作者,為人類(lèi)的醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)出一份微薄之力!
參考文獻(xiàn):
《醫(yī)學(xué)導(dǎo)論》 文歷陽(yáng)
怎樣做一位及格的臨床醫(yī)生
自2010年9月2日我踩上漯河醫(yī)專(zhuān)這方孕育胡想的泥土之日起,我就深入認(rèn)識(shí)到自己身上所負(fù)擔(dān)的義務(wù)與任務(wù)。
誕生于一個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)之家的我理解光臨床醫(yī)學(xué)是醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)中研究疾病的診斷、治療和預(yù)防的各專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)科的總稱。它按照病人的臨床施展闡發(fā),從整體動(dòng)身連系研究疾病的病因,病發(fā)機(jī)理和病理過(guò)程,進(jìn)而肯定診斷。經(jīng)由過(guò)程治療和防備以消弭疾病、減輕病人痛苦,規(guī)復(fù)病人健康,庇護(hù)勞能源的一種的專(zhuān)業(yè)。我大白作為一名合格的臨床醫(yī)生在德育方面要酷愛(ài)故國(guó)、酷愛(ài)社會(huì)主義,附和共產(chǎn)黨的帶領(lǐng),建立辯證唯心主義和汗青唯物主義天下不雅,有抱負(fù)、有道德有文明、有規(guī)律,熱愛(ài)醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè),具備優(yōu)秀的職業(yè)道德本質(zhì)及醫(yī)學(xué)人文精神。具有誠(chéng)心誠(chéng)意為病人服務(wù),實(shí)施醫(yī)學(xué)人性主義,為醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)敬業(yè)畢生的精神。在智育方面把握醫(yī)學(xué)根本學(xué)科的基本理論與辦法,把握與醫(yī)學(xué)相干的數(shù)理化等天然學(xué)科的基本實(shí)際與要領(lǐng);掌握臨床醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科的根基理論與臨床妙技,掌握大眾衛(wèi)生及醫(yī)學(xué)相干方面的知識(shí);熟習(xí)國(guó)度衛(wèi)生目標(biāo)、政策和法例,掌握醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)檢索、資料查詢拜訪的根本方法,掌握計(jì)較機(jī)的基本知識(shí)和操作妙技,老人養(yǎng)生睡眠注意十禁忌_;把握一門(mén)中語(yǔ)。
醫(yī)教是一種高尚的職業(yè),每位醫(yī)生在他們從業(yè)時(shí),就應(yīng)當(dāng)以希波克推底誓詞為最下的職業(yè)原則:我愿盡余之才能取判定力所及,服從為病家投機(jī)益之疑條,并檢索統(tǒng)統(tǒng)出錯(cuò)和害人行動(dòng),我沒(méi)有得將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)藥品賜與別人…………;獨(dú)一的目標(biāo)為病家謀幸運(yùn),并檢核吾身,不做各類(lèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)人卑劣舉動(dòng)……….尚使我能寬守上述誓行時(shí),要求神諦讓我生命與醫(yī)術(shù)能獲得無(wú)尚名譽(yù),我茍背誓言,六合鬼神真共亟之。
是以我以為做為一位及格的臨床醫(yī)生應(yīng)當(dāng)做到:
1、有同情心和愛(ài)心。我們這個(gè)行業(yè)是個(gè)與疾苦打交道的行業(yè),患者是帶著精神和精力上的疾苦來(lái)到病院的,但愿醫(yī)生能消除他這兩方面的痛楚。此時(shí)作為一名開(kāi)格的醫(yī)生在醫(yī)術(shù)高深的同時(shí),要有仁愛(ài)之心,愛(ài)惜病人,視病人如親人。人道傍邊實(shí)在存在一種十分高尚也很是質(zhì)樸的工具,就是關(guān)愛(ài)他人;當(dāng)我們往關(guān)愛(ài)他人的時(shí)刻,起首念到的生怕不是怎樣成為一個(gè)高尚的人,而是作為人的仁慈和作為一個(gè)壯大者對(duì)強(qiáng)大者伸出援手的本能,匡助他人,也到達(dá)自己某種樸拙的欲望。實(shí)踐上更多的人是在憑著良知辦事。這是現(xiàn)代社人應(yīng)該倡導(dǎo)的情操,我認(rèn)為醫(yī)務(wù)工作者特別應(yīng)具有這種夸姣的情操。
2、高尚的道德,人都有生老病逝世,都需求醫(yī)學(xué)服務(wù)。當(dāng)代醫(yī)學(xué)手藝的疾速開(kāi)展,使曩昔以為不成救治的病人生命得到拯救,又果醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)常識(shí)和技能練習(xí)的復(fù)雜性和高要求,醫(yī)生處于受人崇拜的地位。這種受人崇拜的社會(huì)職位和醫(yī)生腳色的某些權(quán)益,使醫(yī)生輕易滋生目空一切的情感,http://004km.cn,濫用醫(yī)生腳色的權(quán)力,經(jīng)常制成不良的社會(huì)影響,這樣一些醫(yī)德醫(yī)風(fēng)不良的表示,必將引發(fā)病人的不滿。醫(yī)生該當(dāng)看到自己工作的范圍性,對(duì)自己的權(quán)柄和能力要有蘇醒的估量,狂妄自大、克勤克儉、盡力使自己成為道德崇高、手藝精良的醫(yī)生。
3、獻(xiàn)精力??浯筘暙I(xiàn)的同時(shí)更應(yīng)該夸大作為一個(gè)醫(yī)護(hù)職員,不管我們面臨如何龐大的劫難,肯定要以高度的責(zé)任心和激烈的任務(wù)感,當(dāng)真實(shí)行白衣天使崇高的職責(zé);以謙腔的熱忱,科學(xué)的立場(chǎng),恐懼的肉體投身于防治疾病的斗爭(zhēng)中。出有發(fā)急與懼怕,由于我們相信迷信必然可以或許克服疾病。我們的苦守不只是為了自己,也是為了他人,為了一種輕飄飄的責(zé)任。一場(chǎng)抗擊非典的奮斗,是對(duì)我們每位醫(yī)務(wù)工作者的嚴(yán)肅磨練。我們大膽地站在第一線,自動(dòng)接管應(yīng)戰(zhàn),承受種種考驗(yàn);我們以大局為重,以人平易近大眾的身材康健和生命為重要好處,在關(guān)頭時(shí)辰迎易而上,在危機(jī)關(guān)頭自告奮勇。為之長(zhǎng)逝在護(hù)士崗?fù)ど系膹V州某病院的護(hù)士長(zhǎng)葉欣就是此中的一個(gè)。
4、應(yīng)具備杰出的醫(yī)療風(fēng)格,精良的職業(yè)氣概是醫(yī)生高度賣(mài)力的立場(chǎng)和豐碩醫(yī)療經(jīng)歷的表現(xiàn)。態(tài)度密切、賣(mài)力、自大、操作精確,狀況求助緊急時(shí)能果斷冷靜,考察過(guò)細(xì)、思慮周全、判斷實(shí)時(shí)正確,都是優(yōu)良醫(yī)療作風(fēng)的詳細(xì)浮現(xiàn)。有的醫(yī)生態(tài)度熱忱、操作諳練正確;有的醫(yī)生長(zhǎng)于觀測(cè),應(yīng)答沉著,臨床判定實(shí)時(shí)精確。固然風(fēng)格差別,但都服務(wù)于醫(yī)療目標(biāo)。
5、技術(shù)上不斷改進(jìn)。醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)不息更新和生長(zhǎng),人類(lèi)的疾病也在不竭的轉(zhuǎn)變,醫(yī)學(xué)上永久有已知的范疇,醫(yī)生應(yīng)當(dāng)用開(kāi)放的大腦,主動(dòng)朝上進(jìn)步的粗神研討醫(yī)學(xué),在治療疾病問(wèn)題上,要以病報(bào)酬中間,而不是以小我喜歡和風(fēng)俗,倡始“循證醫(yī)學(xué)”。“循證醫(yī)學(xué)”又稱實(shí)證醫(yī)學(xué),其寄義為有目的、精確地應(yīng)用現(xiàn)有最好的科學(xué)根據(jù)來(lái)引導(dǎo)對(duì)每位病人的治療。這就要求我們必須在大批扎踏實(shí)實(shí)的臨床、科研理論的同時(shí)肯于念書(shū)、擅長(zhǎng)讀書(shū),才有可能成為新世紀(jì)的合格臨床醫(yī)生
6、該當(dāng)常常的完美自己,應(yīng)從職業(yè)品德氣勢(shì)派頭,臨床判定操縱技術(shù)圓里常常審閱本身,矯正自己的錯(cuò)誤謬誤毛病,發(fā)揮本身的長(zhǎng)處,拓展本人的人文、社會(huì)、專(zhuān)業(yè)常識(shí),那不單是大夫職責(zé)的請(qǐng)求,也是醫(yī)天生少成長(zhǎng)的一條必經(jīng)之路。顛末冗長(zhǎng)艱辛嚴(yán)酷的練習(xí),才無(wú)愧于大夫這個(gè)稱號(hào)。
7、要藝術(shù)性的辦事:
醫(yī)患閉系是同等的、互助的,并且患者是中央,是主體,醫(yī)師是效勞者。醫(yī)療過(guò)程當(dāng)中要恭敬患者的隱衷及家族的公道要供,斟酌患者的現(xiàn)實(shí)堅(jiān)苦。尊敬患者領(lǐng)會(huì)自己病情與醫(yī)治環(huán)境的權(quán)力。應(yīng)讓患者在每個(gè)小的細(xì)節(jié)上都能感遭到同等,遭到尊敬,才氣資助患者在心思上克服徐病并樂(lè)意與醫(yī)生協(xié)作。醫(yī)生天天打仗的是病人,借必需富有憐憫古道熱腸和愛(ài)心,才能實(shí)正做到以病報(bào)酬中間,急病人之所慢,痛病人之所痛,更好地為病人消除病痛。
醫(yī)生要盡力做好服務(wù)事情,使病人情愿接管服務(wù),而且信賴所供給的服務(wù),這并非一件輕易的事。病人對(duì)醫(yī)生、對(duì)治療步伐的信任程度間接影響到治療結(jié)果,一樣的藥物,來(lái)自值得信任的醫(yī)生和信賴水平好的醫(yī)生,服用以后呈現(xiàn)療效上的差別并非真實(shí)的,而是病人反應(yīng)、表白的分歧。偶然候我們沒(méi)法刀切斧砍的改變病人的觀點(diǎn)和設(shè)法,但咱們可以改動(dòng)自己的相同方法。
很多醫(yī)生常常無(wú)視這樣一個(gè)究竟,即在醫(yī)生察看病人的同時(shí),病人也在察看醫(yī)生,留意醫(yī)生的言談,構(gòu)成對(duì)醫(yī)生的印象,病人對(duì)醫(yī)生的信任度就是在這類(lèi)調(diào)查交道過(guò)程中取得的。醫(yī)生的一言一行無(wú)不影響病人,在某些情形下還大概影響治療效果。固然,如何與病人交談絕不單單是發(fā)言的藝術(shù)性或技能問(wèn)題,最底子的是為了做好服務(wù)工作,獲得最好的治療結(jié)果。
8、要注意細(xì)節(jié):
細(xì)節(jié)決議成敗。在診療、說(shuō)話進(jìn)程中應(yīng)存眷團(tuán)體的歷程,緊密親密注重每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),如許能夠削減很多的醫(yī)患糾葛,在細(xì)節(jié)中獲得病人的信托。比方冬季給病人做手診前,應(yīng)把單手搓熱后再接觸病人皮膚。冬天的聽(tīng)診器,應(yīng)握在腳心中讓其初末連結(jié)暖和。自己說(shuō)的一句話、寫(xiě)的一個(gè)字、做的每個(gè)操縱步調(diào),都必需不縫隙。應(yīng)注重病人資猜中每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)、病人的每一句話、每個(gè)行動(dòng)和心理變革。
9、要留意談話本領(lǐng):
醫(yī)生是與人挨交道的職業(yè),交換能力應(yīng)是根基本領(lǐng)之一,若是輕忽,就會(huì)形成醫(yī)患隔閡、嚴(yán)峻者影響醫(yī)患干系并激發(fā)醫(yī)患膠葛。醫(yī)生在止醫(yī)過(guò)程當(dāng)中,甚么樣的龐大場(chǎng)合排場(chǎng)皆能夠趕上,趕上酒醒、聾啞等特別病人怎樣辦,如何加沉盡癥病人的生理承擔(dān),如何見(jiàn)告病人、家眷病情…… 要長(zhǎng)于與病人扳談而不是譴責(zé)他們。
在臨床工作中,對(duì)付第一次碰頭或病情復(fù)純的患者,我經(jīng)常是在病人床旁坐下,而后再與他們攀談。這類(lèi)背靠背的攀談體例自己就能夠通知病人,你關(guān)心并器重他們所體貼的成績(jī)。假如你如許做的話,你會(huì)興奮地發(fā)明雖然在清晨查房的時(shí)辰你僅用了多少分鐘的工夫,病人也會(huì)感應(yīng)你在他們身上花了良多時(shí)候。
10、應(yīng)知道治療可能的優(yōu)點(diǎn)、傷害、兼并癥和不良回響反映。要知道某治療計(jì)劃是治愈性的仍是遷就性的。
在交接病情時(shí),必須可以背病人及其眷屬報(bào)告某項(xiàng)治療的益處較著跨越其危險(xiǎn)、歸并癥和不良反響。使病人信賴醫(yī)生的倡議關(guān)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)是最好的。在和病人計(jì)議查抄或醫(yī)治之前,應(yīng)該明白自己清晰這些內(nèi)容的寄義而且完萬(wàn)能夠回覆題目。假如病人問(wèn)及不克不及回覆的題目,不該對(duì)此充耳不聞。應(yīng)該報(bào)告病人你臨時(shí)不曉得若何答復(fù),但您會(huì)找到謎底。并且包管可以或許盡快給病人以對(duì)勁的回答。在同病人和家眷會(huì)商疾病的預(yù)后時(shí),醫(yī)生的交卸該當(dāng)親熱、悲觀而且實(shí)在。請(qǐng)記著,去自于臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)的材料給出了對(duì)某種疾病治療和預(yù)后的大致發(fā)起,可是這些建議永久不克不及被用于展望某個(gè)病人的病程大概病愈水平。
要成為一名合格的醫(yī)生難,一名良好的醫(yī)生更難,成為一代名醫(yī)難乎其難。
有人稱贊道:“醫(yī)生是一盞燈,可照明人類(lèi)安康之路;醫(yī)死是一尾歌,可激發(fā)性命的浪花;醫(yī)生是一講航,可揚(yáng)起糊口的盼望。正在家人的從醫(yī)生活生計(jì)中,我熟悉到,一小我私家在世便要為群眾做些故意義的事。在今后天從醫(yī)生活生計(jì)中我愿做到若病人必要我的扶助,只有我另有一面氣力,我就應(yīng)將全數(shù)精神奉獻(xiàn)給病人,陽(yáng)痿,孝敬給黨和人平易近的奇跡,這也是我最年夜的欲望戰(zhàn)尋求?!俺喑酪黄缣焓?,黑衣一襲露密意”將成為我平生的寫(xiě)照,死,也有規(guī)則!。
從醫(yī)學(xué)模式演變的角度看中、西醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展特點(diǎn)
原始社會(huì)是被神靈主義醫(yī)學(xué)模式主宰的時(shí)期。由于上古時(shí)期的原始人的知識(shí)有限,對(duì)大自然和很多人體生理和病理現(xiàn)象都無(wú)法理解,原始人將其歸咎于鬼神,認(rèn)為人的生命與健康是上帝神靈所賜,疾病和災(zāi)禍?zhǔn)翘熳l神罰。產(chǎn)生了神靈主義的醫(yī)學(xué)模式,出現(xiàn)了以求神問(wèn)卜來(lái)進(jìn)行疾病治療的巫醫(yī)。這時(shí)期的醫(yī)學(xué)完全成為了巫術(shù)的附庸。到了奴隸社會(huì),生產(chǎn)力進(jìn)一步提高,由古希臘的哲學(xué)家為代表的勞動(dòng)人民試圖用樸素唯物主義解釋世界的存在。同時(shí),西方醫(yī)學(xué)也隨著哲學(xué)知識(shí)的進(jìn)步逐漸擺脫了神靈主義的影響,醫(yī)學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽匀徽軐W(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)模式。在此時(shí)期,西方醫(yī)學(xué)的代表古希臘醫(yī)學(xué)將四元素論推廣到醫(yī)學(xué)中,并發(fā)展為“四體液病理學(xué)說(shuō)”,四種體液——血、黏液、黃膽汁和黑膽汁的協(xié)調(diào)和平衡決定了人的體質(zhì)和健康。而后來(lái)古羅馬醫(yī)學(xué)繼續(xù)發(fā)展了古希臘以來(lái)的自然哲學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)模式,并出現(xiàn)了蓋倫等著名醫(yī)學(xué)家,促進(jìn)了醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展。同在奴隸社會(huì)時(shí)期的中國(guó),醫(yī)學(xué)也進(jìn)入了自然哲學(xué)模式。中醫(yī)根據(jù)《周易》中的重要思想總結(jié)歸納出了陰陽(yáng)五行的病理學(xué)說(shuō),認(rèn)為世間萬(wàn)物都是由金、木、水、火、土五種元素構(gòu)成,人體各器官又與這五種元素相對(duì)應(yīng)。他們相生相克,相互制約,相互協(xié)調(diào),保證人體健康。這樣的樸素唯物主義的觀念成為了中醫(yī)以后一貫遵守的醫(yī)學(xué)治療
準(zhǔn)則。到了中世紀(jì),西方醫(yī)學(xué)因?yàn)闅W洲的政治和思想封閉而得不到應(yīng)有的發(fā)展?;浇痰臋?quán)威使醫(yī)學(xué)成為了“僧侶醫(yī)學(xué)”或“寺院醫(yī)學(xué)”,控制權(quán)落入了教會(huì)手中,醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)停留甚至倒退。拜占庭帝國(guó)的興起使古希臘和古羅馬的醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)得到保留和整理并系統(tǒng)化。而隨后阿拉伯帝國(guó)的崛起,阿拉伯醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展了古代醫(yī)學(xué)。由于中國(guó)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的文化發(fā)展和延續(xù),此時(shí)期西方醫(yī)學(xué)對(duì)中醫(yī)并沒(méi)有任何的影響,中醫(yī)繼續(xù)按照既定軌跡發(fā)展,大量的經(jīng)典著作和著名醫(yī)家出現(xiàn),奠定了傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)的理論和治療基礎(chǔ),使中醫(yī)得到了蓬勃的發(fā)展。綜上所述,從原始社會(huì)到中世紀(jì)時(shí)期,中西方的醫(yī)學(xué)模式幾乎以同樣的形式由神靈主義的醫(yī)學(xué)模式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樽匀徽軐W(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)模式,擺脫了鬼神的影響,使醫(yī)學(xué)治療從感性向理性改變。中西方醫(yī)學(xué)治療依然憑借經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累而得到發(fā)展。不難看出這一時(shí)期的中西醫(yī)學(xué)有極大的相似性。然而在后面將要論述的17世紀(jì)-19世紀(jì),中西醫(yī)的發(fā)展開(kāi)
始走向不同的道路。到了17世紀(jì),實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)興起使醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展邁向了實(shí)驗(yàn)科學(xué)的領(lǐng)域。生理學(xué)的確立、顯微鏡的發(fā)明和醫(yī)學(xué)上三學(xué)派,標(biāo)志機(jī)械論的醫(yī)學(xué)模式逐漸成形。18世紀(jì)自然科學(xué)進(jìn)步,人們普遍以機(jī)械論的觀點(diǎn)
解釋世界上一切的自然現(xiàn)象,當(dāng)然疾病也不例外,機(jī)械論的醫(yī)學(xué)模式從此確立,其中以笛卡爾的《動(dòng)物是機(jī)械》和拉美特里的《人是機(jī)械》
作為典型代表。接下來(lái),生物醫(yī)學(xué)模式逐漸走上歷史舞臺(tái)。19世紀(jì)的自然科學(xué)發(fā)展很快,物理、化學(xué)和生物學(xué)都有重大的進(jìn)步。三大自然發(fā)現(xiàn)推動(dòng)了近代醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展。同時(shí),組織學(xué)、胚胎學(xué)細(xì)胞病理學(xué)、病理學(xué)和實(shí)驗(yàn)藥理學(xué)、病理生理學(xué)先后建立起來(lái),成為人們研究醫(yī)學(xué)的主要依據(jù)。隨后,巴斯德和科赫為微生物學(xué)和免疫學(xué)奠定基礎(chǔ),醫(yī)學(xué)模式正式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯镝t(yī)學(xué)模式,這種模式對(duì)西方醫(yī)學(xué)的產(chǎn)生了巨大的推動(dòng)作用,在預(yù)防傳染病和臨床醫(yī)學(xué)方面更是有顯著的成就。
反觀中國(guó),在17到19世紀(jì)期間,中國(guó)文化特有的延續(xù)性決定了中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展的相對(duì)孤立和單一,中醫(yī)依舊遵循固有的醫(yī)學(xué)理論和醫(yī)學(xué)模式發(fā)展,經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)仍是中醫(yī)的主調(diào)。但在此期間,中國(guó)勞動(dòng)人民的智慧繼續(xù)使中醫(yī)理論和治療有更進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展,眾多的醫(yī)學(xué)大家和藥書(shū)藥典、醫(yī)術(shù)醫(yī)典面世,為中國(guó)人民的健康護(hù)駕。而在19世紀(jì)的后期,中國(guó)被迫開(kāi)放,西方的醫(yī)學(xué)也傳入中國(guó),但并未能取代中醫(yī)的傳統(tǒng)地位。
醫(yī)學(xué)模式是人類(lèi)獲取健康和與疾病作斗爭(zhēng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié),它隨著醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)的發(fā)展與人類(lèi)健康需求的不斷變化而轉(zhuǎn)變著。從時(shí)間角度來(lái)看,醫(yī)學(xué)模式的隨著社會(huì)和科學(xué)的進(jìn)步而不斷發(fā)展,它經(jīng)由非理性到理性轉(zhuǎn)變,由經(jīng)驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)走向了實(shí)驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué),并且不斷推陳出新,更一步完善來(lái)滿足人類(lèi)對(duì)健康的追求。從中西方醫(yī)學(xué)的角度來(lái)看,西方醫(yī)學(xué)雖然經(jīng)歷了中世紀(jì)的黑暗時(shí)期,但其發(fā)展一直都是處于良性的、理性的軌跡上,并在醫(yī)學(xué)模式上有不斷的創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展。中醫(yī)在其發(fā)展歷程中一直保持著自然哲學(xué)的醫(yī)學(xué)模式,一貫堅(jiān)守樸素唯物主義的主導(dǎo),雖有良效,卻無(wú)法像西醫(yī)那樣對(duì)病理進(jìn)行科學(xué)邏輯的解釋?zhuān)瑥亩拗?/p>
了本身的發(fā)展。
上述乃學(xué)生在醫(yī)學(xué)史學(xué)習(xí)中的一些見(jiàn)解,難以概括醫(yī)學(xué)模式演變之全貌,未免有不少的錯(cuò)漏之處,望老師斧正。