第一篇：中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力最佳訓(xùn)練方案

中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力最佳訓(xùn)練方案

內(nèi)容摘要：本文通過(guò)對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)、工作中的地位和重要性進(jìn)行了產(chǎn)生；分析了影響英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的各方面因素；在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中對(duì)各種問(wèn)題的分析；以及將新舊聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比,比兩種訓(xùn)練方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),來(lái)尋求學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和效率，達(dá)到最佳的效果。關(guān)鍵詞：中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力;訓(xùn)練；方案

引言：英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的學(xué)習(xí)是當(dāng)前英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)中引人注目的研究問(wèn)題。英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的學(xué)習(xí)都是不可忽視的，我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的目的都是相遇外國(guó)人交流，和參加各種聽(tīng)力考試。可見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的重要性。在英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)中，為了達(dá)到聽(tīng)懂的目的、內(nèi)容、講話人等有所了解，我們就不僅要掌握語(yǔ)言本身，還要解決學(xué)生聽(tīng)力水平的問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)在我們對(duì)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練有很多研究，但在教學(xué)中應(yīng)該針對(duì)不同地區(qū)、不同階段、不同年齡的學(xué)生進(jìn)行區(qū)分，做到因材施教，制定不同的訓(xùn)練方案。

[1] “英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的先導(dǎo)，中學(xué)生學(xué)英語(yǔ)首先就應(yīng)當(dāng)從聽(tīng)入手。聽(tīng)與說(shuō)，讀，寫(xiě)相輔相成，互為滲透?！薄奥?tīng)力”一詞英文為L(zhǎng)istening comprehension.(即聽(tīng)有聲語(yǔ)言，并對(duì)其理解的能力)。正如Rivers Temperty所說(shuō)：“聽(tīng)，是人們根據(jù)自己所了解的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)法三方面的潛力，從語(yǔ)流中獲取信息的積極活動(dòng)。”由此，我們可以將聽(tīng)力理解為：獲得有聲信息的活動(dòng)能力，也可以說(shuō)是一種交際能力。但是由于聽(tīng)力是一個(gè)較為復(fù)雜的信息輸入，信息加工和信息輸出的過(guò)程。因此學(xué)生要想獲得一定的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力能力，是要在不斷的學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐中培養(yǎng)形成的。那么，是怎樣在實(shí)踐中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力能力的？

我們練習(xí)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力每天花很多時(shí)間盲目地去聽(tīng)是沒(méi)用的，我們應(yīng)該有目的、有計(jì)劃、有選擇、有策略的去聽(tīng)，也就是四有原則?！盵2]要明確知道自己的缺陷在哪里，針對(duì)自己的缺陷再去練習(xí)，這才是提高聽(tīng)力的方法，開(kāi)始的時(shí)候可以聽(tīng)一些簡(jiǎn)單的對(duì)話或者比較短的短文，如果一段時(shí)間之后感覺(jué)自己有所提高，可以加強(qiáng)難度，從而讓自己的聽(tīng)力得到提高。所謂的“有目的”就是指針對(duì)具體的題型來(lái)練習(xí)。我們平常的英語(yǔ)考試和中考的聽(tīng)力題型是幾乎固定的。我們可以逐個(gè)的將每個(gè)題型的題目拿來(lái)練習(xí)，也就是我們選一段日子來(lái)專(zhuān)攻一個(gè)題型，并且把這段日子攻克的經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)，把錯(cuò)題也分析總結(jié)。以前在初中的時(shí)候，老師也經(jīng)常叫我們用這種方法來(lái)提高自己的弱項(xiàng)，不光是在聽(tīng)力方面，其他科目也同樣可以采用這種方法?！坝杏?jì)劃”和“有目的”是相輔相成的。有計(jì)劃就是自己根據(jù)自己的情況來(lái)決定攻克一個(gè)題型的周期。有計(jì)劃也是指每天循序漸進(jìn)的做練習(xí)。每天保持半小時(shí)的練習(xí)比較好，這樣比較容易堅(jiān)持，而且效果好?！坝羞x擇”即不要什么都聽(tīng)。首先要量體裁衣，接著再逐漸挑戰(zhàn)自己。比如在初一時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇一些簡(jiǎn)單的，有點(diǎn)娛樂(lè)性的聽(tīng)力材料：如：《英語(yǔ)九百句》（English 900）或者《迪士尼學(xué)英語(yǔ)》。到了初三左右，可以選擇《新概念一》。平時(shí)也可以“聽(tīng)些英文流行歌或看英語(yǔ)動(dòng)畫(huà)片當(dāng)作休閑，這有助于在潛移默化中提高你的語(yǔ)感”?！坝胁呗浴笔潜容^重要的環(huán)節(jié)，它講究的是方法和效率。首先，我們要學(xué)會(huì)泛聽(tīng)和精聽(tīng)的結(jié)合。在我們聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的計(jì)劃中要適當(dāng)?shù)陌才欧郝?tīng)和精聽(tīng)，對(duì)應(yīng)于不同的題型我們也要選擇不同的聽(tīng)的方式。例如，對(duì)于會(huì)考到細(xì)節(jié)題的短文，我們要精聽(tīng)；對(duì)于考主題的文章我們就泛聽(tīng)。

[3]英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力能力基本由兩部分組成：一是迅速正確地辨音解義能力；另一個(gè)是理解語(yǔ)言?xún)?nèi)涵的能力。顯然，學(xué)生聽(tīng)力的提高絕非一日之功。因此，教師就需要作好長(zhǎng)期性與多樣性的系統(tǒng)計(jì)劃，讓學(xué)生逐步突破英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力學(xué)習(xí)的障礙。而且“語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力是一個(gè)多成分多層次的復(fù)合體，聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)各項(xiàng)能力的獲得和提高既相輔相成，又相互促進(jìn)；既有各自獨(dú)特的要求，又有共同的規(guī)律；通過(guò)提高學(xué)生的參與度、激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣、變單向輸入為多向交流等多種途徑，確立學(xué)生在教學(xué)活動(dòng)中的主體地位。聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)，是學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的基本功，而“聽(tīng)”位于第一位，可見(jiàn)其在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的重要之所在，聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的地位聽(tīng)力在我們的生活和學(xué)習(xí)中，都不可或缺的生活方式。我們生活中的一切，大多是通過(guò)說(shuō)和聽(tīng)的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行的。而且在英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)中我們就是從聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四個(gè)方面來(lái)進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練的。在歷次考試中都要有聽(tīng)力考試，上學(xué)時(shí)英語(yǔ)考試都有聽(tīng)力部分，出國(guó)留學(xué)要考“托?！?，工作是有職稱(chēng)考試。對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，英語(yǔ)既不是第一語(yǔ)言，也不是第二語(yǔ)言，是一門(mén)外語(yǔ)。這就不能像香港、澳門(mén)等地的民眾一樣學(xué)起來(lái)那么容易了，因?yàn)槲覀儧](méi)那個(gè)環(huán)境，所以困難重重。但我們還必須學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代環(huán)境不允許我們不學(xué)，那么聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題就擺在我們眼前了，我們應(yīng)該如何讓學(xué)生很好的過(guò)聽(tīng)力這一關(guān)呢？這就需要我們找出適合中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的最佳方案。

就我自身而言，在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，也遇到了許多問(wèn)題，尤其是在聽(tīng)力這方面，聽(tīng)力算是我的弱項(xiàng)了，我相信你對(duì)于許多同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)聽(tīng)力都是一大難點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然很多同學(xué)都清楚自己的弱點(diǎn)在哪，剩下要做的就是怎樣去克服。[4]根據(jù)研究，外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)最好是從八、九歲開(kāi)始?，F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的改革，已經(jīng)使得我國(guó)的英語(yǔ)啟蒙教育從初中提前到了小學(xué)三年級(jí)?！叭欢壳靶W(xué)階段的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)只能屬于‘印象派’即讓學(xué)生盡早的接觸英語(yǔ)，對(duì)英語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生一點(diǎn)感覺(jué)。”真正的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)還是從初一開(kāi)始。聽(tīng)力是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中比較重要的一部分，也是過(guò)去被忽視的一部分。在當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下，從初一開(kāi)始，我們就得有意識(shí)的練習(xí)和提高聽(tīng)力能力，為中考和高考做準(zhǔn)備。

記得我上初二時(shí)，英語(yǔ)老師就漸漸的讓我們練習(xí)聽(tīng)力，她讓我們把所聽(tīng)到的自己復(fù)述下來(lái)，當(dāng)然句子不是很長(zhǎng)，短短的一句話，通過(guò)這種方式來(lái)練習(xí)聽(tīng)力，我覺(jué)得這種方法還是很可行的，到了大學(xué)，聽(tīng)力開(kāi)了專(zhuān)門(mén)的課，大二的聽(tīng)力老師教我們?cè)诼?tīng)聽(tīng)力的同時(shí)也要?jiǎng)庸P，記錄下一些關(guān)鍵詞，時(shí)間之類(lèi)的要點(diǎn)，然后根據(jù)記錄下來(lái)的要點(diǎn)，憑借自己的語(yǔ)言組織能力，將其串成一篇能放映原文大意的文章。這對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)算是要求比較高的訓(xùn)練了，雖然一開(kāi)始可能不習(xí)慣這種訓(xùn)練方式，后來(lái)慢慢的習(xí)慣了，聽(tīng)的時(shí)候注意記筆記，這樣對(duì)原文的大意就能清楚了。這就要求我們?cè)诼?tīng)的過(guò)程中懂得篩選，記錄要點(diǎn)。此外，我們?cè)趯⒁c(diǎn)串聯(lián)成文章的過(guò)程中懂得，同時(shí)也鍛煉了我們對(duì)單詞、句子、段落和整篇文章的能力，這對(duì)我們?nèi)蘸蟮膶?xiě)作有所幫助。[5]在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的過(guò)程中，聽(tīng)寫(xiě)也是一項(xiàng)被廣泛使用的方法。這一方法的使用建立在學(xué)生具備一定的詞匯量、掌握一定的用語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上。在聽(tīng)寫(xiě)的過(guò)程中，教師要求學(xué)生一字不差地把所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容記錄下來(lái)。耳聽(tīng)手記的方法，對(duì)于學(xué)生鞏固和掌握新舊知識(shí)都非常有效。此外，聽(tīng)寫(xiě)這樣的操練方法，不僅鍛煉了學(xué)生耳聽(tīng)的能力，同時(shí)也鍛煉了手記的能力。那么影響聽(tīng)力水平有哪些因素呢？第一，[6]地域的問(wèn)題，就是農(nóng)村和城市的問(wèn)題，地域的不同，就會(huì)造成不小的差異，農(nóng)村師資的力量和水平比不上城市，還有學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的重視程度也有很大的影響。農(nóng)村的學(xué)生接觸英語(yǔ)相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比城市的要晚。城市的學(xué)生一般從小學(xué)三年級(jí)就開(kāi)始接觸英語(yǔ)，而農(nóng)村的大部分是從初中才開(kāi)始接觸英語(yǔ)的。在語(yǔ)音方面，母語(yǔ)方言嚴(yán)重影響著英語(yǔ)的發(fā)音，對(duì)于語(yǔ)句中的連讀、輕重、略讀等形式很難在短時(shí)間之內(nèi)掌握。無(wú)論是聽(tīng)、說(shuō)還是讀、寫(xiě)，都需要一定的詞匯量。在這方面城市的學(xué)生占有比較大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。第二，語(yǔ)言問(wèn)題英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力材料一般以口語(yǔ)化內(nèi)容為主，而我們的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)往往追求語(yǔ)句的語(yǔ)法與邏輯的完美，而忽視語(yǔ)言的交際功能。由此可見(jiàn)，語(yǔ)言知識(shí)在聽(tīng)力理解過(guò)程中是基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵，必須予以高度重視并加以強(qiáng)化。

聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的傳統(tǒng)方式傳統(tǒng)的英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力教學(xué)，教師大都只是采用聽(tīng)錄音材料——對(duì)答案——再聽(tīng)錄音材料這一簡(jiǎn)單模式。從初中到高中老師基本上是用這種方法讓我們練習(xí)聽(tīng)力的。[7]在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中經(jīng)常使用的聽(tīng)力策略通常有以下三種：為把握整體意思的聽(tīng) ,為了解某些具體信息的聽(tīng)和為學(xué)習(xí)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容而進(jìn)行的精聽(tīng)。針對(duì)不同的教材和不同的教學(xué)目的，可以采用不同的策略；根據(jù)學(xué)生的不同水平，也應(yīng)選用不同的策略。幾種策略配合使用，不僅可以活躍課堂氣 氛，提高學(xué)生的興趣，而且有利于幫助學(xué)生建立自信心，積極主動(dòng)地參與到聽(tīng)的活動(dòng)中來(lái)，從而達(dá)到較好的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練效果。當(dāng)然，[8]在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中也有需要注意的問(wèn)題：注意區(qū)分和模仿正確的語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)，在英語(yǔ)里有不少讀音相近，但意思卻截然不同的詞匯。設(shè)想如果有一個(gè)醫(yī)生想說(shuō):“I'll cure you.”（我要治好你的病。）卻因發(fā)音不好,說(shuō)成:“I'll kill you.”（我要?dú)⑺滥恪＃┠遣∪藭?huì)嚇成什么樣子。這次我參加六級(jí)考試，在聽(tīng)力的最后一題是聽(tīng)一篇短文，然后要填空缺的單詞和句子，我就把“favor”聽(tīng)成了“flavor”。聽(tīng)了三遍還是不確定自己聽(tīng)到的是哪個(gè)單詞。實(shí)際上就是一個(gè)音素之差。因此，我們從一開(kāi)始就要注意區(qū)分和模仿正確的語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)。在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上提高聽(tīng)、說(shuō)，才能收到良好的效果。因此對(duì)于音素、音標(biāo)的學(xué)習(xí)尤為重要。而現(xiàn)在的初中英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)中，往往就會(huì)忽略音素、音標(biāo)的教學(xué)而趕教學(xué)進(jìn)度。這一切就會(huì)造成學(xué)生的死記硬背而不會(huì)自己學(xué)。在聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中，也需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一定的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)環(huán)境。聽(tīng)、說(shuō)是一種語(yǔ)言交流，沒(méi)有一個(gè)外語(yǔ)環(huán)境或一定的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)條件，只靠自己很難有成效，以前讀初中時(shí)，老師經(jīng)常建議我們平時(shí)同學(xué)之間可以用簡(jiǎn)單的英語(yǔ)來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)話，不要怕說(shuō)錯(cuò)，說(shuō)錯(cuò)了可以糾正啊，也許自己讀錯(cuò)的地方別人可以幫你糾正過(guò)來(lái)，當(dāng)然你自己也能幫助別人糾正錯(cuò)誤，這樣互相幫組也是一種好的學(xué)習(xí)方式。還有現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在科學(xué)這么發(fā)達(dá)，也為我們提供了錄音機(jī)和多媒體網(wǎng)絡(luò)等這些工具，我們可以把課文，對(duì)話和中外成品磁帶錄制下來(lái)或從共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)中下載下來(lái)，反復(fù)聽(tīng)和模仿。還可以把自己的口頭作文和復(fù)述錄下來(lái)，仔細(xì)審聽(tīng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，及時(shí)糾正。但是，在自然條件下，聽(tīng)與說(shuō)是不能分開(kāi)的，一個(gè)人聽(tīng)的過(guò)程就是另一個(gè)人說(shuō)的過(guò)程。如果有可能的話，可以和同學(xué)組織起來(lái)一起聽(tīng)。

影響英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力水平提高也有其存在的因素，第一，學(xué)生語(yǔ)音基礎(chǔ)差，有些學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力測(cè)試中，往往會(huì)感到有些詞聽(tīng)不清或聽(tīng)不到，這是由于語(yǔ)音不過(guò)關(guān)而造成的。第二，學(xué)生詞匯量少，從學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)開(kāi)始，老師就告訴我，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的基本就是要多背單詞，增加自己的詞匯量，詞匯的多少與聽(tīng)力的掌握的好壞有一定的關(guān)系。第三，心理素質(zhì)因素，聽(tīng)力理解的過(guò)程是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的心理過(guò)程。研究表明，當(dāng)人的情緒處于緊張狀態(tài)時(shí)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生恐懼心理，從而使原來(lái)能夠聽(tīng)懂的內(nèi)容也大打折扣。第四，訓(xùn)練量得因素，熟能生巧，英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力也不例外。英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的問(wèn)題需要大量的、重復(fù)的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練來(lái)解決。而聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練量不夠恰恰是初中生的硬傷。老師在日常教學(xué)中，只想著在基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)方面拿分，忽視了聽(tīng)力教學(xué)。加上課堂時(shí)間有限，哪有大塊的時(shí)間進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練呢.? 怎樣提高英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力呢？第一，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)教學(xué)，語(yǔ)音方面：精心設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)練習(xí)，強(qiáng)化單音訓(xùn)練。詞匯方面：重視詞匯教學(xué)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用拼讀規(guī)則記憶單詞，可以邊拼邊用手指寫(xiě)。為擴(kuò)大詞匯量，要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多閱讀文章，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文猜詞的能力。語(yǔ)法方面：重視說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)的綜合訓(xùn)練，讓學(xué)生多讀多寫(xiě)，增強(qiáng)英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)感。第二，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的心理素質(zhì)和養(yǎng)成良好的聽(tīng)力習(xí)慣。有的學(xué)生一聽(tīng)說(shuō)聽(tīng)力，大腦就一片空白，教師要指導(dǎo)學(xué)生建立良好的學(xué)習(xí)心態(tài)，正確對(duì)待聽(tīng)力中的困難。第三，加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)力方法技巧的指導(dǎo)和訓(xùn)練。在訓(xùn)練中應(yīng)加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)力技巧的訓(xùn)練。一要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)材料的預(yù)測(cè)能力。在聽(tīng)力開(kāi)始前，讓學(xué)生快速閱讀選項(xiàng)，預(yù)測(cè)聽(tīng)力材料中可能談到的內(nèi)容。這點(diǎn)很基本，從初中一直到大學(xué)，老師都教我們要學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)。二是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生抓主題句子的能力，聽(tīng)力中要注意抓文中的實(shí)詞，它是關(guān)鍵詞，告知事件的發(fā)展。同時(shí)，注意一些信號(hào)詞，提醒學(xué)生信號(hào)詞對(duì)理解文章的知識(shí)作用。三是指導(dǎo)學(xué)生練習(xí)縮寫(xiě)，記錄時(shí)用縮寫(xiě)，并可在課前經(jīng)常開(kāi)展聽(tīng)寫(xiě)句子的練習(xí)。四是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)放棄。對(duì)不懂的詞句要放棄，不要沒(méi)聽(tīng)到總在那想，要立刻跟隨錄音往下聽(tīng)，才不會(huì)影響下面的聽(tīng)力。第四，培養(yǎng)閱讀能力，語(yǔ)言技巧是綜合性的，聽(tīng)力理解能力不是孤立的，而是語(yǔ)言綜合能力的具體體現(xiàn)，我們常常說(shuō)的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)四個(gè)基本技能是一個(gè)整體，它們相輔相成，互相影響，互相促進(jìn)，不可分割。讀是寫(xiě)的基礎(chǔ)，在讀中可以學(xué)會(huì)寫(xiě)，只有在聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)等語(yǔ)言能力同步提高時(shí)，才會(huì)有質(zhì)的飛躍。參考文獻(xiàn)

[1] 趙國(guó)強(qiáng) 試論聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中的原則與策略 [2] 劉潤(rùn)清,“如何對(duì)待漫長(zhǎng)的學(xué)習(xí)道路“,《英語(yǔ)教育研究》2004出版

[3] 蔣業(yè)云

中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的途徑與方法

[4] 史興松，“學(xué)生最初語(yǔ)言社會(huì)化對(duì)第二語(yǔ)言社會(huì)化產(chǎn)生的影響“，《跨文化語(yǔ)言社會(huì)化進(jìn)程中跨文化交際能力的培養(yǎng)》2007出版 [5] 同 [1] [6] 劉宗強(qiáng) 農(nóng)村中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的障礙成因及對(duì)策淺議 [7] 同 [1] [8] 聽(tīng)力策略與聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練 中華教育資源網(wǎng)

第二篇：中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力最佳訓(xùn)練方案

淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練方案

摘要:面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、世界多極化、科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展突飛猛進(jìn)的今天，英語(yǔ)在信息社會(huì)作為媒介手段和信息轉(zhuǎn)換化工具，越發(fā)顯示出其重要的作用。英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中不可或缺的一部分，中高考等升學(xué)因素，聽(tīng)力比重增加，教師和學(xué)生也越來(lái)越重視聽(tīng)力能力的提高，初高中課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也增加了對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的要求。英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力在國(guó)際交流、英語(yǔ)教學(xué)等方面具有重要地位，用適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ǜ纳魄坝⒄Z(yǔ)聽(tīng)力教學(xué)效率低下的狀況是當(dāng)前英語(yǔ)教學(xué)工作者們急需解決的問(wèn)題。本文章就如何提高高中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題，淺談中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練方案。關(guān)鍵詞:中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力;影響因素；訓(xùn)練方案 一．中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力現(xiàn)狀

筆者實(shí)習(xí)支教在過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)很多學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力學(xué)習(xí)中存在困難。很多學(xué)生表示很難獲取信息，甚至完全聽(tīng)不懂，以至于失去對(duì)應(yīng)于學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。此外，很多學(xué)生不會(huì)用英語(yǔ)思維，或思維速度太慢，跟不上說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)速，從而影響了聽(tīng)的能力和理解的能力。教學(xué)實(shí)踐證明傳統(tǒng)的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)主要圍繞語(yǔ)法、詞匯、閱讀和寫(xiě)作進(jìn)行，缺乏在聽(tīng)的方面對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行培養(yǎng)和訓(xùn)練。

二．影響聽(tīng)力主要的因素

學(xué)生方面：1）學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)不扎實(shí)，主要表現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有很好掌握英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音中重音、重讀，爆破、連續(xù)、停頓和語(yǔ)調(diào)等方面的知識(shí)；不熟悉英美語(yǔ)音的差異，沒(méi)有掌握單詞的準(zhǔn)確發(fā)音等。學(xué)生掌握的詞匯量少，對(duì)新學(xué)詞匯掌握不夠，會(huì)影響學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的理解。2）學(xué)生缺少詞匯和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，以至于他們?cè)谶M(jìn)行聽(tīng)力理解的時(shí)候很難聽(tīng)懂，甚至完全聽(tīng)不懂。3）學(xué)生缺乏有關(guān)英美國(guó)家人民的生活習(xí)慣、方式、文化背景、風(fēng)土人情等方面的知識(shí)，文化背景知識(shí)積累不夠，導(dǎo)致聽(tīng)力理解上有困難。3）學(xué)生缺乏一定的聽(tīng)力策略技巧，比如速記，沒(méi)有側(cè)重點(diǎn)的聽(tīng)等。

教師方面：1）教師本身的教學(xué)能力和素質(zhì)較低，不能很好地完成英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力教學(xué)。2）教師對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)者特征及學(xué)情的分析把握不準(zhǔn)確，致使選材不當(dāng)，材料的難易度不適合學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)實(shí)際水平。3）教師對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的重視程度不夠，往往把精力放在詞匯和語(yǔ)法方面。

教材及環(huán)境方面：1）教材聽(tīng)力材料趣味性不強(qiáng)，一些聽(tīng)力材料過(guò)難。聽(tīng)力材料的播放時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)，詞匯偏難。2）沒(méi)有良好的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，課外英語(yǔ)氛圍不濃厚，學(xué)生大部分時(shí)間還是處于漢語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中，造成漢語(yǔ)對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的負(fù)遷移。3）學(xué)校的硬件設(shè)施不完善。三．聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練方案

學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)：Penny Ur(2000)列出了外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)時(shí)存在的八個(gè)潛在問(wèn)題，如英語(yǔ)的重音、語(yǔ)調(diào)和節(jié)奏影響學(xué)生的理解，口語(yǔ)詞匯難掌握等。教師要注重語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)、發(fā)音規(guī)則等語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)與講解。教師可以每天上課用十分鐘講解語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)讀音規(guī)則知識(shí)，聽(tīng)力時(shí)間精聽(tīng)20分鐘，然后對(duì)照文本糾正；課堂讓上學(xué)生進(jìn)行朗讀和糾音。通過(guò)精聽(tīng)、語(yǔ)音教程視頻、課文朗讀練習(xí)發(fā)音、同伴相互糾正語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)等可操作性方式，練習(xí)辨音，連音，爆破音等。此外，教師可以給學(xué)生推薦一些聯(lián)系聽(tīng)力的網(wǎng)站，比如普特、滬江、大耳朵等聽(tīng)力網(wǎng)站，其中VOA（Voice of America）慢速英語(yǔ)，BBC等材料還是比較適合中學(xué)生聯(lián)系英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力的。

詞匯、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：教師要選擇合適的方式將語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行課堂滲入，而不是枯燥的講解語(yǔ)法，課下練習(xí)等。學(xué)生在詞匯習(xí)得方面也不能完全的死記硬背，要把詞匯放到課文中去理解，更好的方法是學(xué)以致用。此外，學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)一定的詞匯記憶策略，比如聯(lián)想、諧音、近義詞、反義詞、詞綴等方式記憶單詞。筆者在實(shí)習(xí)支教過(guò)程中常使用Brainstorm的方式讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行單詞匯總。每講到一個(gè)話題時(shí)，利用頭腦風(fēng)暴回顧已學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯,并作為家庭作業(yè)，下次上課讓學(xué)生回顧與話題相關(guān)的詞匯；講到相關(guān)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)時(shí)，回顧之前相關(guān)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，并進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)法練習(xí)；每次寫(xiě)作至少用5個(gè)以上的新學(xué)詞匯來(lái)加強(qiáng)詞匯與語(yǔ)法的學(xué)習(xí)；語(yǔ)法詞匯。

聽(tīng)力策略：學(xué)生要充分利用自己已有的背景知識(shí)策略、推斷、預(yù)測(cè)策略進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練。當(dāng)讓也要有一定的時(shí)間保證。每天上課講解十分鐘策略理論，聽(tīng)力30分時(shí)間進(jìn)行策略練習(xí)。精聽(tīng)泛聽(tīng)、符號(hào)速記、利用關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)或者短語(yǔ)、信號(hào)詞預(yù)測(cè)。比如說(shuō)話者說(shuō)了First（首先）Second（第二）Third（第三）等內(nèi)容。如果說(shuō)話者用了At first(起先)、although（盡管）等表示轉(zhuǎn)折或者讓步的介詞短語(yǔ)或者連詞短語(yǔ)，就說(shuō)明后面的內(nèi)容可能與之相反。

背景知識(shí)：由于許多學(xué)生不具備一定的英美國(guó)家的歷史和文化知識(shí)，不了解不熟悉英美國(guó)家的一些生活習(xí)慣、風(fēng)土人情以及生活方式，聽(tīng)力理解便會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些問(wèn)題?！彼裕處熢谥v授有關(guān)文化習(xí)俗等方面的內(nèi)容時(shí)，可以適當(dāng)拓展背景知識(shí)。此外，教師可以課上給學(xué)生布置好任務(wù)，課下完成，第二天班級(jí)分享。通過(guò)泛讀、書(shū)蟲(chóng)、影視資料等方式想學(xué)生灌輸歐美國(guó)家人民的生活習(xí)慣、方式、文化背景、風(fēng)土人情等方面的知識(shí)，并根據(jù)所經(jīng)過(guò)背景知識(shí)選擇合適的聽(tīng)力材料進(jìn)行測(cè)試。

教師：教師盡量用英語(yǔ)組織教學(xué)，正確使用課堂用語(yǔ)，并要求學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)交流，通過(guò)這種環(huán)境耳濡目染的熏陶，從而養(yǎng)成良好的聽(tīng)說(shuō)習(xí)慣。教師要轉(zhuǎn)變傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)觀念和模式，盡可能得提高自身的專(zhuān)業(yè)素養(yǎng)和教學(xué)能力。

聽(tīng)力材料：束定芳和莊智象(1996)認(rèn)為聽(tīng)力材料的特征、說(shuō)話者特征是影響聽(tīng)力的重要因素。聽(tīng)力材料的特征指的是語(yǔ)速、詞匯與句法以及學(xué)習(xí)者對(duì)材料所涉及的內(nèi)容的熟悉度等因素。因此，教師在選擇聽(tīng)力材料時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)者的外語(yǔ)水平和認(rèn)知能力，選擇語(yǔ)速和難度適中的材料，并適當(dāng)增加背景知識(shí)的介紹，以便使學(xué)生更容易地理解材料的內(nèi)容。說(shuō)話者特征主要指性別因素對(duì)聽(tīng)力理解的影響。任務(wù)特征指的是聽(tīng)力理解的目的和聽(tīng)力學(xué)習(xí)所涉及的問(wèn)題類(lèi)型，如讓學(xué)習(xí)者回答多項(xiàng)選擇題、進(jìn)行概括推理或?qū)ふ夷骋惶囟ㄐ畔⒌鹊取?/p>

此外，聽(tīng)力的設(shè)備要良好，不能有雜音等，否則會(huì)影響音質(zhì)，導(dǎo)致學(xué)生不能聽(tīng)清內(nèi)容。

四、結(jié)語(yǔ)

采用合理的方案，師生共同學(xué)習(xí)與進(jìn)步。對(duì)學(xué)生而言，掌握一定的聽(tīng)力策略和技巧，了解一定的背景知識(shí)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)興趣，更好地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的積極性，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)思維和綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，為學(xué)生今后的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)教師而言，教師研究自己的教學(xué)，這樣會(huì)直接改善教師的教學(xué)實(shí)踐。它使教師把理論和實(shí)踐聯(lián)系起來(lái)，使教學(xué)更加專(zhuān)業(yè)化，提高工作的自主性。所以在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，要把聽(tīng)力教學(xué)作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的任務(wù)來(lái)抓。

參考文獻(xiàn)： Penny Ur：《Teaching Listening Comprehension》[M].Cambridge University Press,1984.束定芳：“當(dāng)代外語(yǔ)教學(xué)理論研究中的幾個(gè)重要趨勢(shì)”[J]．《解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》，1995(3)。王薔、程曉堂：《英語(yǔ)教學(xué)法教程》[M].高等教育出版社,2000年版。

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第三篇：初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練

中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練1聽(tīng)力試題

Ⅰ．情景反應(yīng) 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

1.A.Yes, I think so.B.Very interesting.C.I'm not sure.2.A.I will try it.B.Thank you very much.C.I think so.3.A.Really？ B.All right.C.Never mind.4.A.You are lucky.B.Have a good journey.C.Really？I am very glad.5.A.Of course, I will.B.Not very often.C.Around a day.Ⅱ．對(duì)話理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分，每小題1分）

6.A.Sometimes.B.Never.C.Every day.7.8.A.They’re workers.B.They’re old friends.C.They’re classmates.9.A.To the lake.B.To the beach.C.To the park.10.A.Buy a pen.B.Change a pen.C.Take a pen.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。

11．A．This Sunday． B．This Thursday． C．This Saturday.12．A．They’re going to have a party．

B．They’re going to have a picnic．

C．They’re going to have a big dinner． 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。13.A.Size L B.Size M C.Size S 14.A.Brown B.White C.Black 15.A.$ 45 B.$ 46 C.$ 48 Ⅲ．短文理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

16.A.China.B.A park.C.A town.17.A.Three hours.B.More than four hours.C.Less than four hours.18.A.bread and water B.apples C.both A and B 19.A.*** B.*** C.*** 20.A.Go shopping.B.Go camping.C.Go boating.中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練1聽(tīng)力原文

Ⅰ．情景反應(yīng)

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

1.What do you think of the film? 2.Don't be nervous.You are sure to win!3.I'm sorry I forgot to bring my notebook here.4.I will go to England for a holiday tomorrow.5.Will you join our club? Ⅱ．對(duì)話理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分，每小題1分）

6.M: How often do you exercise? W: I keep running every day, sometimes I go swimming, but I never play ball games.Q: How often does the woman go swimming? 7.W: How many students are there in your class? M: There are only thirty-two.And half of them are girls.Q: How many girl students are there in the class? 8.W: Hi!I don’t know if you remember me.My name is Maria.M: Sure, I remember you.You sat next to me.W: Yeah, that’s right.How are you doing? M: Fine.Nice to see you again.Q: Who are the two speakers? 9.M: Hi, Cathy!What did you do last Saturday? W: I had a picnic near the sea with some friends.M: Then you must have had a good time.W: Sure.Q：Where did Cathy go last Saturday? 10.M: Excuse me.I bought a pen here yesterday.But I can’t write with it now.W: What’s the problem? M: It doesn’t work.Would you mind giving me another one? W: Sure.Here you are.Q: What does the boy want to do in this conversation? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。W：Jack，your father’s birthday is coming.M：Really? When is it? W：This Saturday．

M：Oh，what shall we do for him? Shall we have a party? W：I’d like to go out to have a picnic． M：That’s great!Questions： 11．When is Jack’s father’s birthday?

12．What are they going to do for Jack’s father's birthday? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。W: Good morning!Can I help you? M: Yes, please.I want a T-shirt.W: What size do you want? M: Size M, please.W: OK!What about this one? M: Sorry!I don’t like black.Have you got any other colors? W: Oh, yes.We’ve also got blue, brown and white ones.M: Can I have a look at the brown ones? W: Certainly.M: How much is it? W: $ 48.M: OK, I’ll take it.Questions：

13.What size T-shirt does the man want? 14.What color T-shirt does the man like? 15.How much is the T-shirt? Ⅲ．短文理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

Hello, boys and girls!Here is some information about our trip to the town of Chinese.We’ll go there by bus.It’s a long trip, over 4 hours.So we have to start early.The bus will wait for you at the school gate at 7:00 tomorrow morning.We’ll take some bread, water and apples for lunch with us and we will eat together in a park.After that we will walk around the old market.You will be able to buy all your presents there.We will meet at the place where our bus stops.If you are lost, please give me a call.My mobile phone number is ***.Any questions? OK.See you tomorrow.Questions：

16.Where will they go? 17.How long will it take them to go there? 18.What will they have for lunch? 19.What’s the speaker’s mobile phone number? 20.What can they do after lunch? 中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練2聽(tīng)力試題

Ⅰ.情景反應(yīng) 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容,選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分,每小題1分）

1.A.Look, I’ve bought a new watch.B.Oh, it’s still early.C.It’s a quarter to nine.2.A.That’s a good idea.Let’s make a plan for the journey.B.What do you think of it?

C.The Great Wall is the longest wall in the world.3.A.It was all right.B.It was cloudy.C.It was dark.4.A.It doesn’t matter.B.Don’t be so serious.C.I’m sorry.I got up late again.5.A.Last week.B.In the library.C.Very interesting.Ⅱ.對(duì)話理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分,每小題1分）

6.A.My birthday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.7.A.In the super market.B.In the classroom.C.In the cinema.8.A.She watched a table tennis match.B.She played table tennis.C.She saw a film.9.A.She is reading.B.She is writing.C.She is drawing.10.A.The report on the radio.B.The war on Iraq（伊拉克）.C.The life of the president of Iraq.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。

11.A.Husband and wife.B.Father and daughter.C.Mother and son.12.A.In a big house with a garden.B.In a small flat without a balcony.C.In a small flat with a balcony.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。

13.A.It’s sunny.B.It’s raining.C.It’s cloudy.14.A.The Summer Palace.B.The space museum.C.The Great Wall.15.A.Yes, it is.B.No, it isn’t.C.Sorry, I don’t know.Ⅲ.短文理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分,每小題1分）

16.A.In America.B.In England.C.In Australia.17.A.For one year.B.For two years.C.For three years.18.A.Three.B.Four.L.Five.19.A.England.B.Japan.C.Japan.20.A.Because they won't have to move any more.B.Because they will go to another new country.C.Because they can see their friends all over the world.中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練2聽(tīng)力原文

Ⅰ.情景反應(yīng)

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容,選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分,每小題1分）

1.Excuse me, what’s the time by your watch, please?

2.How about going and visiting the Great Wall this summer vocation?

3.What was the weather like yesterday?

4.Tim, it’s the third time that you have been late this week.5.When did you borrow the book?

Ⅱ.對(duì)話理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分,每小題1分）

6.M: What day was it yesterday? W: It was Thursday.Q: What day is it today? 7.M: May I use your dictionary? I forgot to bring mine.W: Certainly, here you are.Q: Where do you think the man and the woman are talking now? 8.M: Did you watch the table tennis match on TV last night, Jenny? W: No, I went to the cinema.Q: What did Jenny do last night? 9.M: Don’t read in bed, Mary.It’s bad for your eyes.W: OK, Dad.Q: What is Mary doing? 10.M: When did the war on Iraq break out? W: It broke out on March 20, 2003.M: Where is the president of Iraq? Has he died? W: Yes, he has killed by the US.Q: What are they talking about? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。W: Our flat is too small, dear.M: Yeah, I know, but it's in the middle of the city center.W: Well, I want to live in a big house with a garden.So I can sit in it and relax.And our son can play ball games there, not in the bedroom.M: You talk about sitting in the garden, but now, we haven't even got a balcony!We must work hard, dear.Questions: 11.What's the relationship between the speakers? 12.Where are they living now? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。

W: It’s raining again, John!I really wanted to go skating today!M: Oh, well.Hey, have you ever been to the Great Wall, Tina? W: Yes, I went there last year.Have you ever been there ? M: No ,I haven’t.W: Well, I’d really like to go there again.M: Great.Which bus do we take to get to the Great Wall ? W: We can take No.657 bus.The station is near our school.Questions: 13.What’s the weather like today? 14.Where has Tina been ? 15.Is the bus station near their school ? Ⅲ.短文理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分,每小題1分）

Jim Green is a 15-year-old English schoolboy.His sister Kale is 14.At present,Jim and Kate are at a school in Sydney,one of the biggest cities in Australia.They have been there for two years.They like the school,but they know that soon they will leave and return to England with their parents.Jim and Kate have also been to schools in America.France.Japan and China.This is because their father,Mr Green,works for a very big international company.The company has sent him to work in many different countries.Mr Green usually stays in one country for about two years.Then the company moves him again.His family always goes with him.The Greens are a happy family and love seeing the world.Jim and Kate have learned to speak French,Japanese and a little Chinese.The two children have friends all over the world.But they are glad that they are going to return to England.Recently,the children told their parents.””We want to stay in England We don’t want to move again.”Their father agreed and he asked his company to keep him in England.The Company has agreed.Jim and Kate are very happy about this.Questions: 16.Where are Jim and Kate now? 17.How long have they been in that country? 18.How many languages can Jim and Kate speak? 19.Which country are the Greens going to return to? 20.Why are Jim and Kate very happy? Questions：

16.Where will they go? 17.How long will it take them to go there? 18.What will they have for lunch? 19.What’s the speaker’s mobile phone number? 20.What can they do after lunch? 中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練3聽(tīng)力試題

Ⅰ．情景反應(yīng) 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

1.A.Yes, I think so.B.Thank you.C.Nice to meet you, too！2.A.Good idea.B.Yes, please.C.Never mind.3.A.Sorry, I can’t.B.Thank you for your help.C.Yes, I’d love to.4.A.The same to you.B.Have a good time.C.You’re so kind.5.A.You’re welcome.B.That’s right.C.I’m afraid not.Ⅱ．對(duì)話理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分，每小題1分）

6.A.To ask for help.B.To say “hello”.C.To visit her friend.7.A.In a restaurant.B.At home.C.In the street.8.A.He is a child.B.He thinks the novel is boring.C.He likes the novel very much.9.A.Before he came to the UK.B.Before he came to China.C.After he came to China.10.A.He is easy-going.B.He is humorous.C.He is helpful.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。

11.A.$1,000,000 B.$100,000 C.￥1,000,000 12.A.Buy a car.B.Go travelling.C.Raise money for charity.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。

13.A.Millie's history teacher.B.Millie's doctor.C.Millie's geography teacher.14.A.Go climbing.B.Take an exam.C.Stay at home and study.15.A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.Ⅲ．短文理解 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

16.A.He joined the army B.He was eighteen.C.He was nineteen.17.A.His father B.His captain.C.He himself.18.A.He went to see Jimmy.B.He bought a watch.C.He asked Jimmy to mend his watch.19.A.no money at all.B.not too much money.C.two pounds 20.A.Yes, he is.B.No, he didn’t.C.Yes, he did.中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練3聽(tīng)力原文

Ⅰ．情景反應(yīng)

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)。每小題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

1.Nice to meet you, boys and girls.2.How about going out for dinner this evening? 3.Let me help you take the bags.4.I’m going to Hong Kong this summer holiday.5.Thank you for showing me your family photos.Ⅱ．對(duì)話理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。每小題讀兩遍。（共10分，每小題1分）

6． W: Good morning.M: Good morning.W: I've come over to say “hello”.My family has just moved into the house next door.M: Great!Nice to meet you, Miss...W: Call me Helen.Qusetion:Why does Helen come to the man's house? 7．M: Well, that was a wonderful meal!W: Lovely, I enjoy eating out.Waiter, come here please.Question:Where are they talking? 8．W: What are you doing, Daniel? M: I'm reading this novel.It's really exciting.I can hardly put it down!W: Shame on you, it's written for children.M: But adults like me enjoy it too.Question:Which is true about Daniel? 9．W: Oh, Peter, what a surprise!You use chopsticks so well!M: People here in China always ask me if I can use chopsticks.It's not hard.In fact I could use them before I came to China.We have a few Chinese restaurants in the UK, you know.They are really very popular.Question:When did Peter learn to use chopsticks(筷子)? 10．W: Tom, you look funny today!Ah, your shirt.Where did you get this ugly shirt? M: Well, it was a present from my grandma.She said it was the most beautiful shirt in the world.What could I say? W: Why didn't you wear your own T-shirt? M: That's the thing.I don't want to hurt her feelings so I just said I loved it.And she insisted on making me wear it the whole day!Question:What is Tom like? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答11—12 兩個(gè)小題。M: Anna, I had a strange dream last night.W: Really, Victor? What is it? M: Someone gave me one million dollars.W: One million dollars? Well, what did you do with it? M: I was thinking about it the whole night.I need a car.I want to go travelling.Then I decided to raise money for charity.W: I never knew you were so kind.Did you donate all the money? M: No.I was laughing aloud, and then I woke up.Questions: 11.How much money did Victor get in his dream? 12.What did Victor decide to do with the money in his dream? 聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答13—15 三個(gè)小題。

M: What about your history class this afternoon, Millie? W: We were supposed to have a history class, but Mr Johnson was ill in hospital.So we had a geography class instead.M: Your mother and I will go climbing on Saturday.Will you join us? W: I'd like to, but I have to take an exam on Sunday.I think I'd better stay at home and study.By the way, will you go climbing in the mountains? M: Yes, why? W: I know it's summer but it can get quite cold in the mountains even in June, so bring a coat with you.You'll need one in the early morning.M: OK, we will.Questions: 13.Who is Mr Johnson? 14.What will Millie do on Saturday? 15.Which season is it? Ⅲ．短文理解

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。短文和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。（共5分，每小題1分）

When Jimmy was young, he always liked watches and clocks very much.When he was eighteen years old.He joined the army,and after a year, he began to teach himself to mend watches.A lot of his friends brought him broken watches, and he mended them for them.His captain heard about this, and one day he brought him a watch and said , “My watch doesn’t work ,can you mend it for me ?”“Yes, sir.I can.” Jimmy answered.After a few days, he brought the watch back to the captain.“How much do I pay?” “Nothing,sir.” Jimmy said,“He took out a small box and gave it to the captain and said,”Here are three wheels from your watch, I couldn't find a place for them when I put everything back.“ Questions: 16.When did Jim begin to mend watches? 17.Who taught him how to mend watches? 18.What did the captain do one day? 19.How much did the captain pay to Jim? 20.Did Jim make the watch work at last ? 中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練4聽(tīng)力試題

一、情景反應(yīng)

1.A.Yes, I’d love to

B.Yes, please

C.No, I didn’t

2.A.Thank you

B.It’s not good

C.The same to you 3.A.It’s my pleasure

B.I’m sorry to hear that

C.Never mind 4.A.Yes, I did

B.No, I didn’t

C.No, I don’t 5.A.For a year B.In a month

C.Once a month

二、對(duì)話理解

6.A.It’s rainy B.It’s cloudy C.It’s fine 7.A.Two B.Three C.Four 8.A.At 6:00 B.At 8:00 C.At 5:00 9.A.In the bookshop B.In the post office C.In the library 10.A.She missed the math exam B.She failed in her math exam C.She lost her math book

三、聽(tīng)下面的兩段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答下面的問(wèn)題 聽(tīng)下面第一段對(duì)話，回答第11-12小題

11.A.Yes, she does B.No, she doesn’t C.She’s not sure yet 12.A.Those who can write loud and energetic songs.B.Those who can sing words clearly C.Those who can write his own songs 聽(tīng)下面第一段對(duì)話，回答第13-15小題 13.A.One B.Two C.Three 14.A.For changing the style of shoes B.For seeing in the dark

C.For adjustable heels 15.A.Shoes with adjustable heels B.Battery-operated shoes C.Battery-operated slippers

四、短文理解

16.A.Talking to the tourists B.Helping some friends C.Visiting a garden 17.A.In the London Museum B.On River Thames(泰晤士河)C.On their way to London 18.A.About 17 million B.About 7 million C.About 1.7 million 19.A.Poor and interesting B.Busy but uninteresting C.Busy and beautiful 20.A.There are many parks and gardens in London B.People working in London have a lot of time to visit museums C.There are only a few places of interest in London 中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練4聽(tīng)力原文

單句的聽(tīng)力原文：

1.Would you like to play football with me? 2.Your pants are beautiful.3.Thank you for helping me with my math.4.Do you often play computer games? 5.How often do you go to see your grandparents? 對(duì)話的聽(tīng)力原文：

第6段聽(tīng)力材料

It's sunny and warm now.But the radio says, it will get windy, and cloudy tomorrow I hope not.Tomorrow we will hold a sports meeting, on the playground Question: what's the weather like today?

第7段聽(tīng)力材料

Did you go to the film last Sunday? Yes, I went with my parents,and my brother Jerry Question: how many people went to the film?

第8段聽(tīng)力材料

When do you usually get up? I usually get up at six.But I got up late today.I slept late.I get up at eight.Question: What time did the woman get up today?

第9段聽(tīng)力材料 Can I help you? Yes, please.I want to borrow a science book Question: where are they?

第10段聽(tīng)力材料

Hi, Jenny, you look unhappy, what's the matter? I didn't pass the math exam Question: what happened to Jenny? 對(duì)話或獨(dú)白的聽(tīng)力原文： 第11段聽(tīng)力材料 回答第11～12題。What a great professional musician, he is!Do you think of being a professional musician? No, never.I think,to be a musician is great,but he can be quite creative.I am not able to.By the way, what kind of musician do you enjoy? well, I enjoy the musician, who writes his own songs Questions: 11.Does the woman think of being a professional musician? 12.what kind of musicians does the boy enjoy?

第12段聽(tīng)力材料 回答第13～15題。What are these? They are battery-operated shoes What are they used for? They are used for seeing in the dark Do you know any other new inventions? Of course, there are shoes with adjustable heels.They are the latest invention, made by Jayce Coziar and Jamie,Ellsworth.What are they used for? They are used for changing, the style of shoes, according to your need That sounds wonderful.I will get a pair.Thank you.Bye!Questions: 13.how many new inventions do they talk about? 14.what are battery-operated shoes used for? 15.what are the latest invention made, by Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth? 對(duì)話或獨(dú)白的聽(tīng)力原文：

第13段聽(tīng)力材料 回答第16～20題。

Hello,ladies and gentlemen.I am your guide today.First, I'd like to tell you something about London, before we arrive.As you know, London is the capital of England.It's a very big city,with a population of about 7 million.The people are usually friendly and helpful, especially the policemen.They are always glad to tell visitors, about their city.London is a busy place.People work in offices, banks, or for companies.They are always in a hurry all the time.London is also a beautiful city.It has lots of parks and gardens.When you are in London, you should visit the London Museum.It can tell you a lot of interesting stories.You may also visit many other places of interest, such as Big Ben, River Thames and so on Questions: 16.what's the guide doing? 17.where are the visitors? 18.what's the population of London? 19.what kind of place is London, in the guide's eyes? 20.which of the following is right, according to the passage? 中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練5聽(tīng)力試題

I.情景反應(yīng)

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)，每小題讀兩遍。（共5小題, 每小題1分）1.A.I’d love to.B.With pleasure.C.It’s my pleasure 2.A.Sorry.B.That's right C.It doesn't matter.3.A.It was sunny B.It is Sunday.C.It’s hot in summer.4.A.See you later.B.Excuse me.C.Yes, please.5.A.Good luck.B.I can’t stand it.C.I'll try it.Ⅱ.對(duì)話理解

根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。對(duì)話及問(wèn)題各讀兩遍。（共10小題，每小題1分）6.A.Buy the sofa B.Buy some chairs C.Pay less for the sofa 7.A.Teacher and student.B.Father and daughter.C.Classmates.8.A.He missed the movie.B.He was late for the movie.C.He didn’t like the movie.9.A.At 6:00.B.At 8:00.C.At 10:00.10.A.They are talking about fish B.They are going fishing.C.They are having dinner.聽(tīng)第一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，完成11-12小題

11.A.She was ill.B.She lost her way C.She was stressed out.12.A.Because she lost her money..B.Because she had no money..C.Because she left her money at home.聽(tīng)第二段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，完成13-15小題

13.A.At home.B.At a cinema.C.At a shop.14.A.One bag.B.Two bags.C.One bottle.15.A.Four.B.Five.C.Three.Ⅲ.短文理解

根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案，短文及問(wèn)題各讀兩遍。（共5小題, 每小題1分）

16.A.He starts school B.He goes to school by bus every day C He helps his mother cook in the kitchen 17.A.She was helping Dick with his homework.B.She was watching TV in her room.C.She was doing some housework.18.A To do his homework.B.To wash some apples.C.To call his father back.19.A.The smallest one B.The biggest one C.The nicest one 20.A.He is a rude boy.B.He is a careless boy.C.He is a polite boy.中考英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練5聽(tīng)力原文

情景反應(yīng)

根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，選擇正確的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)，每小題讀兩遍。1.Could you help me to carry the bag? 2.I'm sorry I broke your ruler.3.What’s the weather like in Xiaogan ? 4.Would you like some coffee ? 5.What do you think of the game show? 對(duì)話理解

根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案。對(duì)話及問(wèn)題各讀兩遍。6.M: How do you like the sofa?

W: It’s nice.But $600 is much more than I want to spend.I think I’ll get the chairs instead.Q: What will the woman buy? 7.M: Hand in your exercise books, please

W: I was ill last night.So I haven’t finished my homework.Q: Who are the two speakers? 8.W: You didn’t go to the movie last Friday, didn’t you?

M:: Yes, I did.But I missed the beginning.Q: What does the boy mean? 9.M: Alice, you must do your homework.It’s nine o’clock.W: I finished it an hour ago.Q: When did Alice finish her homework? 10.M: Help yourself to some fish, please.W: No thanks.I’m full

Q: What are they doing? 聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答第11和12兩個(gè)小題，對(duì)話和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。You look stressed out, Tina.I am.I had a bad afternoon.Really? What happened? First of all, by the time I bought lunch at the dinning hall, I found I had lost my money.Oh, what a pity!So, I had to borrow some money from my classmates.And by the time I had lessons, I found I had left my backpack in the dinning hall.Oh, no!Oh, yes!I ran all the way to the dinning hall, I found it had closed.What did you do then? I had to find the owner and got my backpack back.And then? When I returned to the classroom, the teacher had started teaching.Oh poor Tina!Questions: 11.What’s wrong with Tina? 12.Why did she borrow money from her classmates? 聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答第13至第15三個(gè)小題，對(duì)話和問(wèn)題讀兩遍。W: Can I help you? Yes, I want 6 eggs, please.OK, 6 eggs.Do you want this kind of fish? One kilo, please.OK.And can I have two bottles of milk—those big ones, and do you have any rice? Rice? Yes, of course.We have some.One bag? Yes, One bag, oh, no.Two bags, please.Yeah, I see.Anything else? Let me see, eggs, fish, milk, rice, um?er, yes, that’s all.How much are these things? Um.Just a minute.They are 30 dollars all together.OK.Here is the money.Questions: 13.Where are they talking? 14.How much rice did the man buy? 15.How many kinds of things did the man buy? 短文理解

根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的短文的內(nèi)容及問(wèn)題選擇正確答案，短文及問(wèn)題各讀兩遍。

Dick is seven years old.He starts school this year.He studies very hard and likes sports very much.He is polite to others.So his teachers and friends all like him.Last Saturday, Dick and his mother stayed at home.His mother was doing some housework and Dick was doing his homework.At ten Dick' s father came back from the farm with a basket of apples.He had a look at his son and then went to his room to watch TV.The boy saw the apples and wanted to eat one.His mother gave him some and said, ”Go and wash them, please.“

Dick washed the apples and took the smallest.His mother saw this and asked,” Why don' t you take a bigger one, Dick?“

”Teachers tell us that we should be polite to others and care about the old, our parents and friends.So I take the smallest and leave the big ones for you and Dad,“ answered the boy.”Good boy!Thank you, “said his mother with a smile.Questions: 16.What does Dick do at the age of seven?

17.What was Dick' s mother doing that Saturday?

18.What did Mother ask Dick to do? 19.Which apple did Dick take for himself? 20.What do you think of Dick?

參考答案

1-5: BCCCB

6-10: BABBC

11-15: CACBA

16-20: ACBAC 21-25: CBDCC

26-30: CBDCC

31-35: CCABC

36-40: ADBCC

41-45: ADACB

46-50: DBCCB 51-55: ABBAA

56-60: DABCC

61-65: BBAAC 66.charity

67.successfully

68.above

69.sleepy

70.returned

71.safety

72.another

73.reminds 74.to be

75.him playing

76.Can you 77.unless

invented

78.have known

79.spoken to 80.How do you spell your last name? 81.How long have you learn English? 82.Have you ever been to an English speaking country? 83.When was that? 84.Why do you want to improve English? Dear Mayor: I'm a middle school student.I'm writing to tell you something aroud us.Nowadays, there are many left-behind children whose parents work away from their hometowns.Most of them are from the coutryside, you know, they have many problem.They are always lonely and stressed out because they are short of their parents' love.At the same time, they are easy to make mistakes even do some thing against the laws, because they're short of their families' care.How to solve their problems? In my eyes, the government can set up a parents school for these children on holidays, you can organize” hand-in-hand“ activity to call on more people to help them.You can also raise money to donate to these children.As the song says:”If everyone gives their love, the world will be better." It's very important for us to pay more attention to these children if we want to build a harmonious society.Best wishes to you!

Sincerely，Li Hua

第四篇：新編初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練

英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的點(diǎn)滴體會(huì)

蔡成國(guó)

聽(tīng)力是中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中四項(xiàng)基本技能之一。由于語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，教學(xué)條件，師資力量等原因聽(tīng)力成了中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。突破這個(gè)難關(guān)不僅有助于學(xué)生語(yǔ)言綜合能力的提高，同時(shí)也為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)交際能力奠定一個(gè)良好的基礎(chǔ)。

聽(tīng)力的認(rèn)知規(guī)律告訴我們聽(tīng)能是由聽(tīng)音辨音能力、預(yù)測(cè)能力、獲取特定信息能力、抓主旨大意能力、推測(cè)能力、猜意能力、識(shí)記能力等一系列技能技巧構(gòu)成的，要使這一復(fù)雜過(guò)程得以在瞬間完成，并持續(xù)不斷地進(jìn)行下去，教學(xué)中我們必須在充分認(rèn)識(shí)這些規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上，研究聽(tīng)的技巧與訓(xùn)練方法，探索提高聽(tīng)力水平的途徑。教學(xué)中，我從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練。

一． 預(yù)期聽(tīng)能訓(xùn)練：預(yù)期能力要求學(xué)生在聽(tīng)前推測(cè)，在聽(tīng)時(shí)捕捉話語(yǔ)中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵信息。學(xué)生拿到試卷后要快速瀏覽材料，依據(jù)詞法、句法、等語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，語(yǔ)調(diào)、重音等語(yǔ)音知識(shí)以及語(yǔ)意標(biāo)志語(yǔ)、上下文等篇章結(jié)構(gòu)技巧，從卷面上快速捕捉關(guān)鍵信息，理解話語(yǔ)的主旨，并且在整體把握的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步捕捉細(xì)節(jié)，做到聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)胸中有數(shù)。有的放矢，不打無(wú)準(zhǔn)備之仗。

1.Whom are the speakers talking about?

A.Their daughter

B.Their student

C.Their friend

2.What is the man going to do ?

A.Check Maria’s homework

B.Have a talk with Marie.C.Call Marie’s teacher 這兩道題出自一段對(duì)話，綜合領(lǐng)會(huì)兩道題的內(nèi)容我們可以預(yù)測(cè)第一題的選擇可能是A 或B.第二題可能是B。帶著這個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)在聽(tīng)力中再確認(rèn)作答。

二．手腦并用，邊聽(tīng)邊記。在聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)，常有同學(xué)出現(xiàn)“聽(tīng)懂了，但內(nèi)容記不住 ” 的情況。這種現(xiàn)象主要是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生欠缺短時(shí)記憶的能力。要提高短時(shí)記憶的能力。學(xué)生在平時(shí)的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中要注意做到如下幾點(diǎn)：

1.養(yǎng)成邊聽(tīng)邊記習(xí)慣。記錄時(shí)要有重點(diǎn)，有技巧，如數(shù)詞用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字記錄，地點(diǎn)、人名用代號(hào)，長(zhǎng)詞用縮寫(xiě)，長(zhǎng)句抓主要成分。2.在語(yǔ)篇層次上把握聽(tīng)力材料的主要意義，不要糾纏在局部聽(tīng)不懂的地方。

3.聽(tīng)錄音概述故事大意。

4.通過(guò)首句首段把握文章的體裁，記敘文重點(diǎn)聽(tīng)who,what,when,where。描述文注意空間順序。

5.以意群為單位聽(tīng)寫(xiě)句子。

6.學(xué)會(huì)做簡(jiǎn)短實(shí)效的筆記。學(xué)生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要掌握一些常用的拼寫(xiě)縮略詞。如： O—oxygen;prof, e.g;i.e.;etc.;cf;1st.2nd;PRC;info;esp;prob;usu;月份，星期 等

三． 學(xué)會(huì)判斷和推理： 判斷和推理是領(lǐng)會(huì)說(shuō)話著的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度的基本手段。判斷的依據(jù)是通過(guò)聽(tīng)語(yǔ)言材料所獲得的細(xì)節(jié)。推理主要是依據(jù)獲取的數(shù)據(jù)及其相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)易的計(jì)算，根據(jù)說(shuō)話者所使用的功能意念表達(dá)法和說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)調(diào)和語(yǔ)氣體會(huì)其觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，綜合各方面 信息歸納總結(jié)作者意圖或短文主旨。1.What can we learn from the conversation? A.The woman will go to the siport by taxi.B.The woman is asking the man for help C.The woman’s car has broken down.2.How much is the book?

A.$1.5

B.$2.5

C.$4.5

四． 全面訓(xùn)練，綜合提高

語(yǔ)言的聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)幾項(xiàng)基本技能是相互制約又相輔相成，任何單項(xiàng)技能的提高都需要得到其他技能的支持。教師上課時(shí)要堅(jiān)持用英語(yǔ)授課。最大限度的給學(xué)生提供英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。課堂教學(xué)中既要注意聽(tīng)和讀“輸入技能”的訓(xùn)練，又要加強(qiáng)說(shuō)和寫(xiě)“輸出技能” 的訓(xùn)練。

五．重視聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練中的情感因素。

良好的心理和精神狀態(tài)是提高聽(tīng)能的保證。由于許多學(xué)生平時(shí)缺乏足夠的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練，雖然有的同學(xué)有較強(qiáng)的讀寫(xiě)能力，但聽(tīng)力水平相當(dāng)一般。加之受方言影響，英語(yǔ)發(fā)言不太標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這一切都使得同學(xué)們的聽(tīng)力十分薄弱，一遇到考試就心慌，心理負(fù)擔(dān)比較重。由于心情太緊張，考生往往一開(kāi)始就有幾個(gè)單詞或句子聽(tīng)不清楚，這時(shí)如果拼命地回頭去想，下面的內(nèi)容很有可能也聽(tīng)不清，從而影響了聽(tīng)的效果。而且一般情況下，英語(yǔ)考試都是先考聽(tīng)力，聽(tīng)力部分發(fā)揮是否正常直接關(guān)系到后面其他部分英語(yǔ)考試。因此，克服心理障礙，增強(qiáng)自信心是取得好成績(jī)的關(guān)鍵之一。聽(tīng)力理解過(guò)程實(shí)際上不是被動(dòng)地接受，而是在積極參與的過(guò)程中用自己已有的知識(shí)包括語(yǔ)法、詞匯、常識(shí)等）對(duì)所吸到的內(nèi)容解碼，然后進(jìn)行篩選、過(guò)濾、整理、分類(lèi)，這是個(gè)重新組合的過(guò)程。人們?cè)谖招畔⒌倪^(guò)程中，都會(huì)自覺(jué)地將自己所掌握的知識(shí)（包括背景知識(shí)）同其所聽(tīng)到的聯(lián)系在一起，這種督導(dǎo)知識(shí)和輔入信息的結(jié)合就是預(yù)測(cè)、挑選、吸收和綜合的過(guò)程。只有平靜的心態(tài)和良好的心理素質(zhì)才能確保這個(gè)過(guò)程的順利進(jìn)行。

六．學(xué)會(huì)判斷題型。

如信息確認(rèn)正誤判斷題，簡(jiǎn)易數(shù)據(jù)換算題，意念功能題，推理判斷題。每年高考最后一篇短文雖然篇幅較長(zhǎng)，但這里多為信息確認(rèn)題，只要根據(jù)題目的要求抓住主要信息作好這部分并不難。

聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練貴在持之以恒，只要堅(jiān)持訓(xùn)練，講究方法，通過(guò)高中三年的學(xué)習(xí)，聽(tīng)力的水平一定會(huì)有質(zhì)的飛躍。

第五篇：淺談初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練

淺談初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練

貴州省江口縣太平中學(xué)：聶慧

聽(tīng)是人們言語(yǔ)交際能力的重要方面，也是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重要途徑之

一。通過(guò)聽(tīng)覺(jué)領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過(guò)程，它包括接受信息、識(shí)別、判斷和理解聲音信號(hào)等幾個(gè)層次的心理活動(dòng)。人們接受信息后，通過(guò)大腦來(lái)識(shí)別和 理解每個(gè)聲音信號(hào)的意義，然后作出適當(dāng)?shù)姆答?。反饋的快慢、判斷的正確與否，同一個(gè)人的識(shí)別和理解能力及個(gè)人的知識(shí)、經(jīng)驗(yàn)都有著密切的聯(lián)系。傳統(tǒng)的應(yīng)試教學(xué)模式，重讀、寫(xiě)能力訓(xùn)練，輕聽(tīng)、說(shuō)能力的培養(yǎng)，留下了英語(yǔ)叫中的“聾啞”后遺癥。如何提高學(xué)生聽(tīng)力水平，給我們從事基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)教育的同仁們留下了深思。

一、“聽(tīng)”在教學(xué)中的地位

在當(dāng)今社會(huì)中，隨著各種媒體的廣泛使用，聽(tīng)的素質(zhì)變的日益重要了，但目前中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中重視閱讀，說(shuō)和聽(tīng)是非常薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)，學(xué)生聽(tīng)力培養(yǎng)和提高往往被忽視。在初中畢業(yè)生中，英語(yǔ)筆試能力卓而不凡的不乏其人，但每當(dāng)聽(tīng)別人說(shuō)英語(yǔ)卻是一頭霧水，糊里糊涂。為改變這種狀況我們必須加大聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練，因而注重并加強(qiáng)聽(tīng)力教學(xué)方法的探索與研究，是提高中學(xué)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力水平的關(guān)鍵所在。

二、聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的一般方法

1．用英語(yǔ)組織教學(xué)，使英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力經(jīng)?；?/p>

課堂是實(shí)施英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的主陣地，要為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一個(gè)良好的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，就必須用英語(yǔ)組織教學(xué)。例如：在一篇課文的Dialogue教學(xué)中，向?qū)W生出示一副畫(huà)著漂亮自行車(chē)的圖片，然后對(duì)學(xué)生說(shuō)：look at this picture , what can you see ?(I can see a bike).通過(guò)這樣的情景教學(xué)，即使學(xué)生不看書(shū)，也能容易聽(tīng)懂對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從而增加了學(xué)生在課內(nèi)接受聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練的機(jī)會(huì)。

用英語(yǔ)組織課堂教學(xué)是對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練最基本、最簡(jiǎn)便、最實(shí)效的形式，在用英語(yǔ)組織課堂教學(xué)的過(guò)程中，應(yīng)注意：

①讀準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)音。正確的語(yǔ)音是聽(tīng)音辨音的基礎(chǔ)，只有把英語(yǔ)音學(xué)準(zhǔn)讀準(zhǔn)，才能進(jìn)行聽(tīng)音辨音。因此，我要求學(xué)生每天早晨堅(jiān)持半小時(shí)的聽(tīng)錄音跟讀練習(xí)，跟讀過(guò)程中，只求讀準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)音。隨堂設(shè)計(jì)5分鐘的辨音練習(xí)，形式可多樣化。比如：一生朗讀，其余聽(tīng)辨有無(wú)錯(cuò)音。②多聽(tīng)。多聽(tīng)是強(qiáng)化學(xué)生聽(tīng)力的重要手段。教師在課堂上多用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行教學(xué)，給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造聽(tīng)的機(jī)會(huì)和環(huán)境。充分利用錄音機(jī)和錄音磁

帶，讓學(xué)生經(jīng)常聽(tīng)英美人的地道的英語(yǔ)，掌握比較標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音。

2、增加英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練方式，主要包括聽(tīng)音辯音、聽(tīng)寫(xiě)、聽(tīng)說(shuō)對(duì)話、聽(tīng)力理解等。

⑴ 辯音訓(xùn)練要隨時(shí)隨地進(jìn)行。

a.讓學(xué)生找出所聽(tīng)到的元音讀音相同的單詞。

如：/e/bedbikebadbus

b.讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)?zhēng)捉M句子并找出每組句子中不同的部分。

如：They like reading ,they like cooking.c.教師在黑板上寫(xiě)出若干句子，然后讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)?zhēng)捉M句子，最后讓學(xué)生選出與教師所讀句子意義相同或相近的句子來(lái)。

⑵ 聽(tīng)說(shuō)對(duì)話訓(xùn)練要抓平時(shí)。

聽(tīng)是理解信息，說(shuō)是表達(dá)和傳遞信息，聽(tīng)是說(shuō)的基礎(chǔ)，說(shuō)是聽(tīng)的提高。因此，中學(xué)英語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練的第一步是如何讓學(xué)生開(kāi)口說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，要重在他們用英語(yǔ)自由表達(dá)的習(xí)慣，要抓平時(shí)，抓養(yǎng)成。

⑶ 聽(tīng)寫(xiě)訓(xùn)練要抓反復(fù)

聽(tīng)寫(xiě)是最樸實(shí)、最簡(jiǎn)便的聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練方式，也是提高聽(tīng)力水平必不可少的一環(huán)。它是一種限時(shí)性強(qiáng)，輸入量大，需要高度集中一個(gè)人的注意力并充分調(diào)動(dòng)一個(gè)人所有語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的腦力勞動(dòng)過(guò)程。聽(tīng)寫(xiě)作為一種固定的日常練習(xí)，使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)習(xí)慣，當(dāng)然聽(tīng)寫(xiě)有一種循序漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程，可以從單調(diào)詞組開(kāi)始，逐步過(guò)渡到段落及至全文。

⑷ 理解訓(xùn)練要抓突出。

聽(tīng)力理解包括對(duì)句子和文章的基本事實(shí)的認(rèn)定及文章相關(guān)內(nèi)容間邏輯關(guān)系的推斷，是聽(tīng)力的高級(jí)表現(xiàn)形式，必須要常抓不懈。尤其在聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中，抓重點(diǎn)、抓突出，爭(zhēng)取做到學(xué)生對(duì)聽(tīng)力有足夠的重視。

3．遵守聽(tīng)力規(guī)律，使聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練科學(xué)化。

英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力是一個(gè)“細(xì)活”，需要付出一定時(shí)間才能提高。但是教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中，需要掌握規(guī)律，對(duì)癥下藥。

⑴ 明確目的。

在做聽(tīng)力練習(xí)之前，特別是聽(tīng)力材料是短文時(shí)，必須讓學(xué)生明白他們要做什么，讓學(xué)生了解語(yǔ)言材料的背景，然后瀏覽題干部分及答案，讓他們感到心中有數(shù)。

⑵ 掌握技巧。

在訓(xùn)練聽(tīng)力時(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行聽(tīng)法指導(dǎo)是十分必要的。首先要消除畏懼心理、增強(qiáng)自信，然后要告誡學(xué)生不因?yàn)橐粌蓚€(gè)單詞沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂而患得

患失，要抓住關(guān)鍵詞，抓主要線索，抓整體。還要讓學(xué)生在進(jìn)行聽(tīng)力測(cè)試時(shí)盡量記錄下材料的基本事實(shí)。

⑶ 精心選擇聽(tīng)力材料。

聽(tīng)力材料的適當(dāng)是直接影響學(xué)生的“聽(tīng)”的積極性和聽(tīng)力效果的。教師應(yīng)選擇由易到難，由淺到深的系列材料，可以先從辯音入手，然后逐步過(guò)渡到短句、長(zhǎng)句、段落及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，再應(yīng)結(jié)合新教材的特點(diǎn)，選擇語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，交際性強(qiáng)又十分按英美文化和習(xí)俗的語(yǔ)言材料。

⑷ 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)思維，使聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練個(gè)性化。

學(xué)生在聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)的過(guò)程中，習(xí)慣于將聽(tīng)到的一切都翻譯成漢語(yǔ)，人為的增強(qiáng)了聽(tīng)力理解過(guò)程中的英譯漢，然后再到漢譯英的環(huán)節(jié)，從而跟不上速度，提不高效率，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)思維，減少心譯過(guò)程，使學(xué)生把聽(tīng)到的或自己表達(dá)的英語(yǔ)與客觀事物建立直接關(guān)系，是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的聽(tīng)力習(xí)慣，提高學(xué)生聽(tīng)力效果的主要一環(huán)，同時(shí)要教育學(xué)生不要把一切都翻譯成母語(yǔ)。

三、英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力遇到的困難

1．語(yǔ)言上的困難

所聽(tīng)的材料中出現(xiàn)新詞，新句型和新語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象，或者由于連續(xù)、弱讀、失去爆破、重音移動(dòng)等而使詞句發(fā)生變化，這些都會(huì)引起聽(tīng)的困難，克服這種困難最初可通過(guò)分析性聽(tīng)力練習(xí)來(lái)解決。

2．內(nèi)容上的困難

學(xué)生聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，由于不熟悉英美人的生活習(xí)慣、文化特色、興趣愛(ài)好等，常會(huì)感到所聽(tīng)材料顯無(wú)具體的新詞名著，但卻不能聽(tīng)懂內(nèi)容。所以聽(tīng)力練習(xí)配合一定的情景，并在教學(xué)中注意介紹文化背景。

3．心理上的困難

學(xué)生聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)的潛在困難屬于心理障礙，總感到被動(dòng)、無(wú)把握，因此過(guò)分緊張。聽(tīng)的時(shí)候的注意集中到內(nèi)容上而不是語(yǔ)言上，大意上而不是細(xì)節(jié)上，正在聽(tīng)的而不是已聽(tīng)過(guò)的。

四、聽(tīng)力能力的培養(yǎng)還應(yīng)注重課外的訓(xùn)練。

聽(tīng)力課上，如果有明確的目標(biāo)，完備的設(shè)施、良好的學(xué)習(xí)氛圍和適度緊張的情緒，就很容易出成績(jī)，水平提高也快。但聽(tīng)力是許多同學(xué)的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，單靠每周的幾節(jié)課是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的，自己課下還需要“加碼”?？梢园颜n堂上的材料進(jìn)一步“精聽(tīng)”，也可以“泛聽(tīng)”其他材料；另外一個(gè)不可忽視的方面就是隨意聽(tīng)，即在休閑娛樂(lè)甚至是休息時(shí)，聽(tīng)一些優(yōu)美的英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典歌曲、英語(yǔ)節(jié)目、電影錄音剪輯等，這樣耳熟

能詳，不知不覺(jué)朗朗上口，語(yǔ)感增強(qiáng)了，聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力也提高了。有時(shí)可能感覺(jué)收益不大，但這只是暫時(shí)的，其長(zhǎng)期效益是顯著的。

總之，作為教師，我們應(yīng)盡自己的可能在課內(nèi)外為學(xué)生提供良好的學(xué)習(xí)條件和環(huán)境，以此來(lái)激發(fā)他們的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，提高英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力，進(jìn)而全面提高學(xué)生的交際。