第一篇:馬秀紅在美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)晚宴上的演講
馬秀紅在美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)晚宴上的演講
各位來(lái)賓,女士們、先生們:Ladies and Gentlemen,晚上好!非常高興有機(jī)會(huì)與中國(guó)在美投資企業(yè)的代表和美國(guó)各界朋友歡聚一堂,共同慶祝美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)成立一周年。我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院法制辦張穹副主任,代表中華人民共和國(guó)商務(wù)部和中國(guó)政府法律交流代表團(tuán)對(duì)美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)成立一周年表示熱烈祝賀,對(duì)美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)、中國(guó)商務(wù)部合作司、美大司、投資促進(jìn)事務(wù)局、中國(guó)駐美使館為成功舉辦周年慶?;顒?dòng)和今晚的慶祝晚宴所做的努力表示衷心感謝。同時(shí),我也要特別感謝美國(guó)商務(wù)部格拉斯曼副部長(zhǎng)蒞臨晚宴。Good evening!I am very pleased to have this opportunity to get together with representatives of Chinese companies in the US and American friends from all walks of life to celebrate the first anniversary of China General Chamber of Commerce in USA(CGCC).On behalf of Vice Minister Zhang Qiong of the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council, the Ministry of Commerce of PRC, and the legal exchange delegation of the Chinese government, I’d like to congratulate on the first anniversary of the CGCC and to express my sincere thanks to CGCC, Department of Foreign Economic Cooperation and Department of American and Oceanian Affairs of MOFCOM, China Investment Promotion Agency, and the Chinese Embassy in the US for successfully organizing the anniversary celebration and this gala dinner.In the meantime, I’d like to thank Under Secretary of Commerce Glassman for attending this banquet.女士們、先生們,Ladies and Gentlemen,一年前,在中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美投資領(lǐng)域不斷拓寬、投資方式更加多元化、投資規(guī)模迅速擴(kuò)大的情況下,中國(guó)在美投資企業(yè)發(fā)起成立了美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)??偵虝?huì)成立之時(shí)恰值中華人民共和國(guó)主席胡錦濤在紐約出席聯(lián)合國(guó)成立60周年首腦會(huì)議,胡主席親切接見(jiàn)了出席美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)首屆理事會(huì)的全體成員,祝賀美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)成立,殷切希望總商會(huì)充分發(fā)揮民間社團(tuán)的作用,團(tuán)結(jié)廣大中資企業(yè),樹(shù)立良好形象,維護(hù)合法權(quán)益,支持企業(yè)做強(qiáng)做大,為中美兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)交流與友好關(guān)系的發(fā)展做出努力。吳儀副總理十分重視美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)的成立,欣然寫下“中美經(jīng)貿(mào)橋梁,企業(yè)合作紐帶”的題詞,并要求總商會(huì)在促進(jìn)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)交流方面發(fā)揮更加重要的作用。One year ago, against the backdrop that Chinese companies’ investment in the US was expanding, investment modes diversifying, and investment scale increasing, Chinese companies in the US established the China General Chamber of Commerce in USA.The establishment of CGCC coincided with President Hu Jintao’s participation at the UN’s 60th anniversary summit in New York.President Hu received all the members attending the first council meeting of CGCC and congratulated them on the establishment of CGCC.He hoped that CGCC could fully play its role of civil society, unite all the Chinese companies, bolster their good profile, protect their legal rights and interests, and support companies’ development, thus contributing to the economic and trade exchanges as well as the friendly relations between China and the US.Vice Premier Wu Yi also attached great importance to the establishment of CGCC and wrote “A bridge for China-US economy and trade.A bond for companies’ cooperation”.She also called for CGCC to play a more important role in promoting China-US economic and trade exchanges.一年來(lái),美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)秉承為會(huì)員服務(wù)的宗旨,積極拓展各項(xiàng)工作,發(fā)揮引導(dǎo)、鼓勵(lì)、促進(jìn)、服務(wù)的功能,廣泛團(tuán)結(jié)在美中資企業(yè)和商界人士,并加強(qiáng)與美政府、國(guó)會(huì)、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的聯(lián)系,取得很大成績(jī)。總商會(huì)卓有成效的工作,使其成為在美中資企業(yè)溝通信息、加強(qiáng)交流、團(tuán)結(jié)互助的重要平臺(tái),打造了“華商之家”的良好形象;同時(shí),促進(jìn)了在美中資企業(yè)與美國(guó)工商界及美國(guó)政府、國(guó)會(huì)的聯(lián)系和交流,幫助中國(guó)企業(yè)更好更快的融入當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣?huì),樹(shù)立和維
護(hù)了中資企業(yè)的良好形象,真正起到了“中美經(jīng)貿(mào)橋梁,企業(yè)合作紐帶”的作用。在此,我對(duì)美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)取得的成績(jī)表示祝賀,對(duì)為總商會(huì)工作提供支持和幫助的各界人士表示由衷的感謝!Over the past year, CGCC, by upholding its principle of serving its membership, has carried out its work effectively and made great achievement in playing the role of guiding, encouraging, promoting, serving and uniting Chinese companies and business people in the US, and in strengthening the link with the US government, Congress and trade associations.With its effective work, CGCC has become an important platform for Chinese companies in the US to exchange information, and strengthen links, solidarity and mutual help, thus creating the image of “home for Chinese businesses”.Meanwhile, it has promoted the links and exchanges between Chinese companies in the US and the US business community, US government and Congress, facilitated Chinese companies’ better and faster integration into local community, and created and protected Chinese companies’ good images, thus playing the role of being “A bridge for China-US economy and trade.A bond for companies’ cooperation”.Hereby, I’d like to congratulate on the achievement made by CGCC and thank those who have given support and help to CGCC!
女士們,先生們:Ladies and Gentlemen,作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家和最大的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,中美兩國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)等方面存在極大的差異,在自然條件以及人力資源、市場(chǎng)、資金、技術(shù)等多方面具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性。事實(shí)證明,中美經(jīng)濟(jì)的互補(bǔ)性和經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的互利性是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系持久發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)和驅(qū)動(dòng)力,加強(qiáng)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作符合兩國(guó)和兩國(guó)人民的根本利益。As the biggest developing country and developed country in the world, China and US differ greatly in terms of economic development level and economic structure, but are strongly complementary with each other in terms of natural endowment, human resources, market, capital, technologies, etc.It is proven that economic complementarities between China and the US together with mutual benefits in trade and economic cooperation are the foundations and driving forces for sustaining China-US economic and trade ties.Strengthening China-US trade and economic cooperation is in the interests of both countries and both peoples.中美建交27年來(lái),雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作已發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化,合作內(nèi)容擴(kuò)展到經(jīng)濟(jì)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,已形成相互依存、互利共贏、共同發(fā)展的局面。27年來(lái),中美貿(mào)易額增長(zhǎng)了85倍,美國(guó)成為中國(guó)第二大貿(mào)易伙伴,中國(guó)成為美國(guó)第三大貿(mào)易伙伴。中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織以來(lái)的5年,是美對(duì)華出口增長(zhǎng)最快的5年,年均增幅是美對(duì)全球出口增幅的4.9倍,2005年美對(duì)華出口額比2001年增長(zhǎng)118%,遠(yuǎn)高于美對(duì)其他所有主要出口市場(chǎng)的增長(zhǎng)率,中國(guó)由2001年美第9大出口市場(chǎng)躍升為2005年的第4大出口市場(chǎng),成為帶動(dòng)美出口增長(zhǎng)的主要因素。今年前10個(gè)月,美對(duì)華出口額接近500億美元,超過(guò)去年全年的出口額,增幅達(dá)24%。如能保持這一增長(zhǎng)勢(shì)頭,2007年中國(guó)有望躍升為美國(guó)的第3大出口市場(chǎng)。Over the past 27 years since China’s establishment of diplomatic relationship with the US, bilateral trade and economic cooperation has fundamentally changed in that it has covered all economic fields, thus achieving interdependence, mutual benefits, win-win and common development.Over the past 27 years, China-US trade increased by 85 folds.America has become China’s second largest trading partner.China has become America’s third largest trading partner.Over the past five years since China’s accession to the WTO, US export to China witnessed the fastest growing period, with an average annual growth 4.9 times that to the globe.US export to China in 2005 was up 118% compared to that in 2001, much higher than the growth rate of US export to other major markets.China has jumped from being 9th largest export market for the US to 4th largest, becoming a major driving
force for US export growth.In the first 10 months of this year, US export to China reached nearly US$50 billion, exceeding last year’s total export, with an increase of 24%.If this growth momentum could sustain, China is going to be the 3rd largest export market for the US in 2007.在雙邊貿(mào)易快速增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí),雙向投資得到快速發(fā)展。美國(guó)是中國(guó)最大的外資來(lái)源地之一。截至2006年10月底,美在華累計(jì)投資設(shè)立企業(yè)51352家,實(shí)際對(duì)華投入資金超過(guò)529億美元。目前,中國(guó)已成為美國(guó)企業(yè)海外利潤(rùn)的主要來(lái)源地之一,2005年美在華投資企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)總額約97億美元。與此同時(shí),美企業(yè)通過(guò)投資不斷擴(kuò)大在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的占有份額,據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),2005年美在華企業(yè)在中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)的銷售額達(dá)770億美元。Bilateral trade is growing fast.So is two-way investment.The US is one of China’s largest foreign direct investment sources.By the end of October, 2006, the number of US companies in China was 51,352, with over US$ 52.9 billion actual input in China.At present, China has become one of the major overseas profit sources for US companies.In 2005, US companies in China made about US$9.7 billion in profit.In the meantime, US companies increased their market shares in China through investment.According to preliminary statistics, in 2005 US companies’ sales revenue in China’s domestic market hit US$77 billion.中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美投資進(jìn)入快速增長(zhǎng)期。2004年,中國(guó)企業(yè)在美投資設(shè)立的企業(yè)數(shù)和投資額分別比2002年增長(zhǎng)了25.6%和30.5%,2005年比2004年又有了很大增長(zhǎng),今年1-9月,有107家中國(guó)企業(yè)在美國(guó)投資興業(yè),同時(shí),有更多的中國(guó)企業(yè)正在積極尋求對(duì)美投資的機(jī)會(huì)。截至2006年9月,中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美直接投資近30億美元,在美設(shè)立的企業(yè)超過(guò)1100家,涉及的領(lǐng)域涵蓋制造業(yè)、研發(fā)以及貿(mào)易、運(yùn)輸、咨詢等服務(wù)業(yè)。目前,美國(guó)已成為中國(guó)企業(yè)“走出去”拓展海外業(yè)務(wù)的重要目的地之一。對(duì)美投資的中國(guó)企業(yè),不僅包括一些較為知名的大型企業(yè),如中遠(yuǎn)集團(tuán)、中石油集團(tuán)、中建集團(tuán)、中國(guó)電信、中國(guó)海運(yùn)等,也包括一些有實(shí)力的新生力量,如海爾集團(tuán)、TCL集團(tuán)、萬(wàn)向集團(tuán)、華為集團(tuán)、中興通訊等。中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)美投資提供的數(shù)萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)崗位,緩解了企業(yè)所在地的就業(yè)壓力,為促進(jìn)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展做出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。Chinese companies’ investment in the US has begun to take off.In 2004, the number of Chinese companies in the US and their investment were up 25.6% and 30.5% respectively on the basis of 2002.In 2005, the figures increased again compared to 2004.Between January and September this year, 107 Chinese companies invested in the US and set up their own businesses.Meanwhile, an increasingly large group of Chinese companies are seeking for opportunities to invest in the US.By September, 2006, Chinese companies’ FDI in the US amounted to nearly US$3 billion, with over 1,100 newly set up companies in the US, covering manufacturing, R&D, trade, transportation, consultancy and other service sectors.At present, the US has become one of the important destinations for Chinese companies “going global”, exploring overseas business.Chinese companies investing in the US include not only some famous big names, such as, COSCO, CNPC, CSCEC, China Telecom, China Shipping, but also some competent emerging companies, such as, Haier, TCL, Wanxiang, Huawei, ZTE, etc.Tens of thousands of jobs created by Chinese companies’ investment in the US have helped alleviate employment pressures of the place where the companies are located, thus contributing to America’s economic and social development.女士們,先生們:Ladies and Gentlemen,當(dāng)前,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。2006年GDP增幅有望接近10%,進(jìn)出口總額約1.7萬(wàn)億美元,其中進(jìn)口7700億美元左右,居美國(guó)、德國(guó)之后成為世界第三大貿(mào)易國(guó)和第三大進(jìn)口市場(chǎng);吸收外國(guó)直接投資超過(guò)600億美元,繼續(xù)居發(fā)展中國(guó)家之首位。中國(guó)政府將擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需作為拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要引擎,采取一系列措施促進(jìn)中國(guó)的商品和服務(wù)市場(chǎng)持
續(xù)擴(kuò)大。在擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需政策的驅(qū)動(dòng)下,2006年,中國(guó)社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額增幅將超過(guò)13%,高于GDP增幅4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。At present, China’s economy sustains stable and relatively fast growth.In 2006, GDP growth is expected to reach nearly 10%.Import and export will arrive at about US$1.7 trillion, among which import will total at around US$770 billion.China will become the world’s third largest trading power and importer, next to the US and Germany.China’s FDI will exceed US$60 billion, securing for China the top position amongst developing countries.The Chinese government has made expanding domestic demand an important engine for boosting economic growth, and has taken measures to expand China’s goods and services market.Driven by the policy of expanding domestic demand, in 2006, the growth of total retail sales of social consumer goods in China will be over 13%, 4 percentage points higher than the GDP growth rate.盡管目前中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)總體良好,但經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式粗放,體制機(jī)制不完善,區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡等深層次矛盾沒(méi)有得到根本解決,經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展面臨不少困難和挑戰(zhàn)。為解決中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展面臨的一系列問(wèn)題(就業(yè)、城鄉(xiāng)差別、區(qū)域差別、分配不公、法制不健全、環(huán)境與生態(tài)問(wèn)題、社會(huì)道德等),去年下半年,中國(guó)政府做出構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的重要部署,并設(shè)定了實(shí)現(xiàn)民主法治、公平正義、誠(chéng)信友愛(ài)、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的工作目標(biāo)。Despite generally sound economic development in China, some deep-rooted problems, such as, unsound economic structure, extensive economic growth model, deficient mechanisms and unbalanced regional development, remain unresolved.Economic and social development still encounters some difficulties and challenges.In order to address the problems facing China’s economic development(employment, urban and rural discrepancy, regional differences, unfair distribution, unsound legal system, environment and ecological problems, social morality, etc.), in the second half of last year, the Chinese government made an important deployment of building a socialist harmonious society and set the goals of achieving democracy, rule of law, fair and justice, creditworthiness and fraternity, vitality, stability and order and harmony between man and nature.2006年-2010年是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要時(shí)期。正在實(shí)施的第十一個(gè)五年規(guī)劃將使中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)步入新的穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)與和諧發(fā)展期。未來(lái)4年,中國(guó)的GDP年均增長(zhǎng)率預(yù)期可達(dá)7.5%以上。預(yù)計(jì)2010年,中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值將達(dá)到3.2萬(wàn)億美元,人均2400美元,社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額和社會(huì)生產(chǎn)資料銷售總額合計(jì)將達(dá)到4.8萬(wàn)億美元,年進(jìn)口額將超過(guò)1萬(wàn)億美元,屆時(shí)中國(guó)可望成為世界第二大進(jìn)口市場(chǎng)。為建立環(huán)境友好型和資源節(jié)約型社會(huì),通過(guò)實(shí)施十一五規(guī)劃,我們要在中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大的同時(shí),著重提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的質(zhì)量,到2010年,將單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能源消耗降低20%,主要污染物排放總量減少10%。與此同時(shí),在擴(kuò)大對(duì)外開(kāi)放、深化體制改革、完善民主法制、扭轉(zhuǎn)城鄉(xiāng)差距、合理收入分配、建立社會(huì)保障體系和公共服務(wù)體系、提高全民素質(zhì)、加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)、建立創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家等方面取得重要進(jìn)展,使5年后的中國(guó)更加繁榮、更加和諧。2006-2010 is an important period for China’s economic development.The ongoing 11th five-year program will gear China’s economy into a new period of stable growth and harmonious development.In the coming four years, China’s average annual GDP growth is expected to be over 7.5%.It is estimated that by 2010 China’s GDP will reach US$ 3.2 trillion, with a per capita GDP of US$ 2,400.The aggregated sales of consumer goods and capital goods will total at US$4.8 trillion.Import will exceed US$1 trillion.By then, China is expected to be the world’s second largest import market.In order to build an environmentally friendly and resource-conserving society, through implementing 11th five year program, we shall enhance the quality of economic growth while expanding economic aggregate.By 2010, energy consumption per unit GDP will be reduced by
20%, and total emission of major pollutants by 10%.Meanwhile, important progress shall be made in deepening opening-up and system reform, improving democracy and legal system, narrowing urban and rural gap, rationalizing income distribution, setting up social security system and public service system, enhancing people’s education, strengthening IPR protection, and building an innovation-driven country, so as to build a more prosperous and harmonious country five years later.女士們,先生們:Ladies and Gentlemen,在座的許多朋友都是中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放進(jìn)程和中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展的見(jiàn)證人,很多公司既是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的受益者,也是長(zhǎng)期促進(jìn)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的積極力量。中國(guó)市場(chǎng)對(duì)美國(guó)企業(yè)是充分開(kāi)放的,基于中美經(jīng)貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)的互補(bǔ)性,中美之間有著巨大的市場(chǎng)需求。一個(gè)更加開(kāi)放、充滿活力的中國(guó)將成為美國(guó)更加緊密的全方位合作伙伴。希望中美企業(yè)家們把握新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇,通過(guò)加強(qiáng)合作,取得更大的成功。中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系是中美關(guān)系的重要基礎(chǔ),平等互利的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,對(duì)新世紀(jì)中美關(guān)系全面健康發(fā)展具有重要意義,希望在座的諸位在推動(dòng)中美互利雙贏的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系上,在促進(jìn)中美建設(shè)性全面合作伙伴關(guān)系的發(fā)展上,做出新的貢獻(xiàn)。Many friends present here are witnesses of China’s reform and opening-up and the development of China-US economic and trade ties.Many companies are both beneficiaries of China-US trade and economic cooperation and driving forces for the stable development of China-US economic and trade ties.The Chinese market is fully open to US companies.Given the strong complementarities of China-US economic and trade structures, great market demands exist between China and the US.A more liberalized and dynamic China will become a closer all-dimensional cooperation partner for the US.I hope Chinese and American entrepreneurs can seize new development opportunities and make greater achievements through strengthening cooperation.China-US economic and trade ties are important foundations for China-US relations.Equal and mutually beneficial economic and trade ties are of great significance to the healthy development of the overall China-US ties.I hope every body present here can make new contributions to promoting mutually beneficial and win-win China-US economic and trade ties and the development of China-US comprehensive, constructive and cooperative relationship.我衷心希望美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)在增進(jìn)中美兩國(guó)企業(yè)的了解,密切業(yè)已存在的合作,團(tuán)結(jié)并服務(wù)在美中資企業(yè)方面發(fā)揮更大的作用,希望總商會(huì)引導(dǎo)并協(xié)助會(huì)員企業(yè)遵守當(dāng)?shù)胤?,?qiáng)化社會(huì)責(zé)任意識(shí),樹(shù)立和維護(hù)中資企業(yè)的良好形象,并肩負(fù)一起促進(jìn)和推動(dòng)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的責(zé)任,為兩國(guó)友好關(guān)系的發(fā)展注入新的生機(jī)和活力。同時(shí),也希望在座各位繼續(xù)對(duì)美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)的成長(zhǎng)、發(fā)展給予大力支持。I sincerely hope that CGCC can play a bigger role in promoting understanding between Chinese and American companies, in strengthening closer cooperation, and in uniting and serving Chinese companies in the US.I hope CGCC could guide and help member companies to abide by local laws, enhance the awareness of social responsibility, and create and protect good images of Chinese companies so as to bear the responsibility of promoting the healthy and stable development of China-US economic and trade ties and injecting new vitalities into two countries’ friendly relations.At the same time, I hope you could continue to support CGCC’s growth and development.祝美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)不斷發(fā)展壯大,在新的一年中取得更大的成績(jī)。
提前預(yù)祝在座的諸位圣誕快樂(lè)!
謝謝大家!I wish CGCC could prosper and make greater achievements in the New Year!Wish you a Merry Christmas!
Thank you!
第二篇:駐澳大利亞大使馬朝旭在澳大利亞中國(guó)總商會(huì)年會(huì)晚宴上的演講
攜手推進(jìn)中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展
——駐澳大利亞大使馬朝旭在澳大利亞中國(guó)總商會(huì)年會(huì)晚宴上的演講
2014年3月30日,墨爾本
尊敬的助理國(guó)防部長(zhǎng)斯圖爾特·羅伯特,尊敬的維多利亞州農(nóng)業(yè)、糧食安全和水資源部長(zhǎng)彼得·沃什,尊敬的各位來(lái)賓,女士們,先生們:
很高興參加澳大利亞中國(guó)總商會(huì)(CCCA)舉辦的晚宴。我想首先對(duì)中國(guó)總商會(huì)的出色工作表示贊賞。作為中國(guó)在澳投資企業(yè)的主要代表機(jī)構(gòu),中國(guó)總商會(huì)積極帶領(lǐng)和推動(dòng)中國(guó)企業(yè)家與澳大利亞同行一道,深化中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)合作,為兩國(guó)戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。沒(méi)有大家的努力,我們很難想象兩國(guó)間的合作會(huì)有今天這樣的成果。希望中國(guó)總商會(huì)與各成員企業(yè)繼續(xù)努力,為促進(jìn)兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作做出新的貢獻(xiàn)。
我愿借此機(jī)會(huì)與大家分享我對(duì)中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的一些看法。
近年來(lái),中澳雙邊貿(mào)易規(guī)模持續(xù)擴(kuò)大,已成為兩國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展的突出亮點(diǎn)。中國(guó)已經(jīng)連續(xù)5年成為澳最大貿(mào)易伙伴、最大出口市場(chǎng)、最大進(jìn)口來(lái)源國(guó)和最大貿(mào)易順差來(lái)源國(guó)。據(jù)澳方統(tǒng)計(jì),2013年澳中貨物貿(mào)易額達(dá)到1400多億澳元。其中,澳對(duì)華出口超過(guò)945億澳元,對(duì)華貿(mào)易順差達(dá)470多億澳元。對(duì)華貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)給澳帶來(lái)的好處是多方面的,據(jù)澳中國(guó)工商業(yè)委員會(huì)(ACBC)估算,澳對(duì)華出口使澳每戶家庭每年增收13400澳元,為澳民眾增加了就業(yè)和工作收入。
兩國(guó)投資合作也有力促進(jìn)了雙邊關(guān)系。據(jù)中國(guó)商務(wù)部不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),2013年,中國(guó)對(duì)澳非金融類投資超過(guò)39億美元,同比增長(zhǎng)82%。截至2013年底,中國(guó)在澳非金融類直接投資累計(jì)達(dá)170多億美元。中國(guó)投資已經(jīng)涉及澳能礦資源開(kāi)發(fā)、農(nóng)業(yè)、制造業(yè)、金融、房地產(chǎn)、信息通訊等廣泛領(lǐng)域,為澳相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提供推動(dòng)力。
上述合作成果的取得,與企業(yè)界的拼搏開(kāi)拓分不開(kāi)。在座的中資企業(yè)是中國(guó)對(duì)澳貿(mào)易投資合作的重要先鋒和代表,在推動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、增加就業(yè)、實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏等方面均做出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。我僅舉幾個(gè)例子。比如中國(guó)山東如意集團(tuán)與澳雷蒙皮埃爾集團(tuán)聯(lián)合投資3億澳元收購(gòu)澳庫(kù)比農(nóng)場(chǎng),使這一破產(chǎn)企業(yè)起死回生。一年多過(guò)去了,農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)實(shí)現(xiàn)扭虧為盈,據(jù)測(cè)算,按目前棉花價(jià)格,農(nóng)場(chǎng)每年將創(chuàng)收1.2億澳元,還為當(dāng)?shù)赝晟苹A(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和服務(wù)社區(qū)發(fā)展做了不少工作。又比如,中國(guó)兗煤澳大利亞有限公司僅有16名來(lái)自中國(guó)的經(jīng)理和工程師,卻雇傭了3000多名本地員工;華為澳大利亞公司自2004年成立以來(lái),一直致力于本地化經(jīng)營(yíng),90%的雇員是澳大利亞人,為促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)做出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。不久前我訪問(wèn)西澳皮爾巴拉礦區(qū),對(duì)中澳兩國(guó)企業(yè)開(kāi)展卓有成效、互利共贏的合作有了最直接的體會(huì)。中鋼和寶鋼分別與力拓公司聯(lián)合投資的鐵礦開(kāi)采項(xiàng)目取得巨大成功,為增加當(dāng)?shù)鼐蜆I(yè)、推動(dòng)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展等發(fā)揮了重要作用。
隨著中澳關(guān)系進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,中澳經(jīng)濟(jì)合作的潛力將不斷釋放。當(dāng)前,中澳雙方都在進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),中國(guó)的工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè),將為澳提供穩(wěn)定的產(chǎn)品出口市場(chǎng)。
同樣,澳大力推進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)等,也將吸引大量的中國(guó)投資,雙方在能源資源、服務(wù)業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的合作潛力巨大,將為我們深化合作提供強(qiáng)有力的動(dòng)力。
未來(lái)五年,中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資將達(dá)到5000億美元的規(guī)模。澳新銀行(ANZ)估計(jì),到2030年,中國(guó)對(duì)澳直接投資將增加10倍,投資存量達(dá)到2000億澳元。澳大利亞對(duì)中國(guó)投資確實(shí)有著很大吸引力,但同時(shí)我們不能想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為中國(guó)公司必然會(huì)來(lái)澳投資。澳大利亞投資環(huán)境好,并不意味著它就完美無(wú)缺。今天在座的中國(guó)企業(yè)家在澳大利亞投資過(guò)程中可能都遇到過(guò)這樣那樣的困難,比如中國(guó)國(guó)有企業(yè)在澳投資面臨嚴(yán)格的外資審查問(wèn)題、勞務(wù)輸入等問(wèn)題。我們希望澳政府能夠繼續(xù)秉持開(kāi)放心態(tài),公平對(duì)待來(lái)澳投資的中國(guó)企業(yè),使中國(guó)投資者確信,他們?cè)诖擞幸粋€(gè)公平、友善的投資環(huán)境和盈利前景。同時(shí),作為中國(guó)企業(yè)也要加強(qiáng)自身管理,努力適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境。
值得一提的是,中澳正在加緊進(jìn)行雙邊自貿(mào)協(xié)定談判。中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)在今年《政府工作報(bào)告》中特別指出,中國(guó)將加快與澳大利亞自貿(mào)談判進(jìn)程,這是對(duì)澳政府和社會(huì)各界積極期盼雙方盡快達(dá)成自貿(mào)協(xié)定的積極回應(yīng)。據(jù)預(yù)測(cè),中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定將為澳經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)每年200億澳元的收益。僅在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域,這一協(xié)定將推動(dòng)澳對(duì)華農(nóng)業(yè)出口每年額外增加6億澳元。
經(jīng)貿(mào)合作是中澳雙邊關(guān)系全面發(fā)展的重要推動(dòng)力。同時(shí),兩國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展也需要以雙方民眾的密切交往為基礎(chǔ),比如教育、旅游等領(lǐng)域的交流合作。希望企業(yè)家們更加積極支持和推動(dòng)兩國(guó)人文交流。從根本上講,生意還是靠人來(lái)做,民眾交往密切,最終將有利于經(jīng)貿(mào)合作的發(fā)展。
2014年是中澳關(guān)系特殊重要的一年,雙方有一系列重要合作日程。下個(gè)月,阿博特總理將率規(guī)??涨暗纳藤Q(mào)代表團(tuán)訪華,并首次在華舉辦“澳大利亞周”活動(dòng)。11月,習(xí)近平主席也將赴澳出席二十國(guó)集團(tuán)布里斯班峰會(huì)并可能訪澳,這些高層交流將為兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作提供堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)和保障。
我相信,作為中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)往來(lái)的橋梁,中國(guó)總商會(huì)在推動(dòng)中澳關(guān)系實(shí)現(xiàn)新的發(fā)展方面必將發(fā)揮更大作用,兩國(guó)關(guān)系的前景也將更加光明!
謝謝大家。
第三篇:溫家寶在美國(guó)友好團(tuán)體歡迎晚宴上的演講
溫家寶在美國(guó)友好團(tuán)體歡迎晚宴上的演講(全文)2010年09月23日 16:34:22 來(lái)源: 新華網(wǎng)
9月22日,中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶在紐約出席美國(guó)友好團(tuán)體舉行的歡迎晚宴并發(fā)表演講。新華社記者 黃敬文 攝
新華網(wǎng)紐約9月22日電 中國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間22日晚在紐約出席美國(guó)友好團(tuán)體歡迎晚宴時(shí)發(fā)表演講。演講全文如下:
攜手開(kāi)創(chuàng)新時(shí)期中美關(guān)系的光明未來(lái)
——在美國(guó)友好團(tuán)體歡迎晚宴上的演講
中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理 溫家寶
(2010年9月22日 紐約)
尊敬的基辛格博士,尊敬的希爾斯大使、穆泰康先生、駱家輝部長(zhǎng),女士們、先生們、朋友們:
“海上升明月,天涯共此時(shí)”。今天是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)佳節(jié)中秋。感謝美中關(guān)系全國(guó)委員會(huì)、美中貿(mào)委會(huì)等友好團(tuán)體的精心安排,使我有機(jī)會(huì)在這個(gè)花好月圓的晚上,與各位新老朋友歡聚一堂。同時(shí),我也要感謝各位朋友多年來(lái)為促進(jìn)中美關(guān)系發(fā)展、增進(jìn)兩國(guó)人民友誼所作的不懈努力!
時(shí)光飛逝,21世紀(jì)的第一個(gè)十年即將過(guò)去。過(guò)去的十年是中美兩國(guó)關(guān)系穩(wěn)步提升、不斷深化的十年,是兩國(guó)同舟共濟(jì)、共克時(shí)艱的十年,也是雙方務(wù)實(shí)合作、互利共贏的十年。近十年,我曾經(jīng)三次來(lái)到美國(guó)。每一次都加深了我對(duì)美國(guó)和美國(guó)人民的了解,也促使我對(duì)中美關(guān)系進(jìn)行更多的思考。
十年間,歷經(jīng)國(guó)際風(fēng)云變幻,中美關(guān)系沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)大的起伏,總體保持平穩(wěn)發(fā)展勢(shì)頭。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)上任后,胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)多次會(huì)晤,雙方發(fā)表《中美聯(lián)合聲明》,共同確定兩國(guó)建設(shè)21世紀(jì)中美積極合作全面關(guān)系和應(yīng)對(duì)共同挑戰(zhàn)的伙伴關(guān)系,為新時(shí)期中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展指明了方向。置身紐約這座飽經(jīng)滄桑而又生機(jī)勃勃的城市,我的思緒又回到國(guó)際金融危機(jī)剛剛開(kāi)始的艱難時(shí)刻。雷曼兄弟破產(chǎn),美國(guó)國(guó)際集團(tuán)陷入財(cái)務(wù)危機(jī),使國(guó)際金融市場(chǎng)一時(shí)陰云密布。面對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重沖擊,中國(guó)本著高度負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度,在外需急劇萎縮、經(jīng)濟(jì)增速明顯下滑的情況下,與美方加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào),共同推動(dòng)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)金融峰會(huì)取得積極成果,為促進(jìn)兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。我們還在一系列重大全球和地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題上,開(kāi)展了卓有成效的合作。我清楚地記得,去年12月,當(dāng)哥本哈根氣候變化大會(huì)陷入僵局時(shí),中美兩國(guó)密切配合,同有關(guān)國(guó)家一道,最終促成《哥本哈根協(xié)議》的達(dá)成,推動(dòng)了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國(guó)際進(jìn)程。今年4月,胡錦濤主席率團(tuán)參加華盛頓核安全峰會(huì),對(duì)推進(jìn)國(guó)際核安全合作發(fā)揮了重要作用。我們不會(huì)忘記,當(dāng)中國(guó)遭受汶川、玉樹(shù)地震等特大自然災(zāi)害后,美國(guó)政府和人民向中國(guó)人民提供的無(wú)私幫助。
十年來(lái),兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系快速發(fā)展。兩國(guó)互為第二大貿(mào)易伙伴,雙邊貿(mào)易額從2001年的805億美元增長(zhǎng)到2009年的2983億美元,美國(guó)對(duì)華出口增長(zhǎng)了2.6倍。美方對(duì)華直接投資實(shí)際投入累計(jì)超過(guò)600億美元。雙方在能源、環(huán)境、科技、教育、人文等各領(lǐng)域合作不斷深化。
毋庸諱言,中美關(guān)系也并非總是一帆風(fēng)順。但是,令人欣慰的是,對(duì)話與合作始終是兩國(guó)關(guān)系的主流,雙方的共同利益始終大于彼此的分歧,要求兩國(guó)友好的呼聲始終壓過(guò)不和諧的雜音。事實(shí)充分證明,中美兩國(guó)不是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手,而是合作伙伴。兩國(guó)和則兩利,斗則俱傷;互信則進(jìn),猜忌則退。在前進(jìn)的道路上,我們兩國(guó)能夠風(fēng)雨同舟,攜手共進(jìn)。這是我的心愿,是我的信念,也是我回顧過(guò)去十年中美關(guān)系的歷史得出的結(jié)論。
女士們、先生們:
隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模和貿(mào)易規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大,國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)中國(guó)的關(guān)注日益增加,疑慮也有所增加。近來(lái),有人說(shuō),中國(guó)的出口規(guī)模已經(jīng)超過(guò)德國(guó),外匯儲(chǔ)備位居世界第一,國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值即將超過(guò)日本,中國(guó)還是不是發(fā)展中國(guó)家?有人說(shuō),中國(guó)的外商投資環(huán)境在惡化,質(zhì)疑中國(guó)的改革開(kāi)放政策是否發(fā)生變化?有人說(shuō),中國(guó)強(qiáng)大了,也變強(qiáng)硬了,是否還堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路?伍德羅·威爾遜總統(tǒng)說(shuō)過(guò),“理解絕對(duì)是培育一切友情之果的土壤”。這里,我想用事實(shí)告訴大家,中國(guó)屬于發(fā)展中國(guó)家的基本國(guó)情沒(méi)有變,改革開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策沒(méi)有變,堅(jiān)持和平發(fā)展的方針也沒(méi)有變。
一、中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的基本事實(shí)沒(méi)有改變。經(jīng)過(guò)61年特別是改革開(kāi)放32年來(lái)的建設(shè),中國(guó)的面貌發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。1978年到2009年,中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)9.9%,人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)超過(guò)12倍,經(jīng)濟(jì)總量躍居世界第三位;進(jìn)出口總額從206億美元增長(zhǎng)到2.2萬(wàn)億美元,躍居世界第二位;交通、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施日臻完善,產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展水平大幅提高,許多主要工農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)居世界前列,谷物、肉類、棉花、鋼、煤、水泥、電視機(jī)等產(chǎn)量連續(xù)保持世界第一;教育、科技、文化、衛(wèi)生等各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展;農(nóng)村貧困人口減少2.14億人,貧困發(fā)生率從30.7%下降到3.8%。中國(guó)主要依靠自己的努力,實(shí)現(xiàn)了人民生活從溫飽不足到總體小康的歷史性跨越,這是人類發(fā)展史上最為壯麗的光輝篇章,是中國(guó)為世界發(fā)展做出的重大貢獻(xiàn)!
但中國(guó)仍然是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。中國(guó)人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值只有3743美元,大約是美國(guó)的1/13,日本的1/11,排在世界100位之后。中國(guó)的城鄉(xiāng)之間、地區(qū)之間差距還在擴(kuò)大。目前,仍有7億多人生活在農(nóng)村。他們年人均純收入約750美元,年人均消費(fèi)支出不到600美元。按照中國(guó)自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),我們還有數(shù)以千萬(wàn)計(jì)的人口生活在貧困線下,按照聯(lián)合國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),中國(guó)貧困人口還有約1.5億。在中國(guó)一些自然條件差、生存環(huán)境惡劣的偏遠(yuǎn)山村,人們至今還沒(méi)有用上電,人畜飲水困難也沒(méi)能解決。在我過(guò)去長(zhǎng)期工作的甘肅省,不少鄉(xiāng)村人畜用水要靠修建水窖蓄集雨水來(lái)解決。有的地方由于天旱少雨,水窖多年都沒(méi)有盛滿過(guò)水,這就需要到幾里甚至幾十里遠(yuǎn)的地方拉水生活。這在中國(guó)西北、西南的不少鄉(xiāng)村決不是個(gè)別現(xiàn)象。中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力人口近8億,相當(dāng)于所有發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家勞動(dòng)力資源的總和,始終面臨著巨大的就業(yè)壓力。中國(guó)的社會(huì)保障制度近年基本建立,但城鎮(zhèn)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)水平比較低,農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)剛剛起步。中國(guó)的科技、教育總體水平還不高,免費(fèi)9年義務(wù)教育剛剛普及。中國(guó)的生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平很不平衡,既有比較發(fā)達(dá)的航天工業(yè),也有規(guī)模龐大、中低水平的一般制造業(yè),還有原始的農(nóng)牧業(yè)和手工業(yè)。同時(shí),人均資源占有量低,人均耕地、淡水分別只占世界平均水平的40%和三分之一左右,進(jìn)一步發(fā)展還受到資源、能源、環(huán)境等瓶頸制約??傊?,我們?cè)诎l(fā)展進(jìn)程中遇到的矛盾和問(wèn)題,無(wú)論是規(guī)模還是解決難度,在當(dāng)今世界都是罕見(jiàn)的。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化,還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。
二、中國(guó)堅(jiān)持改革開(kāi)放的基本國(guó)策沒(méi)有改變、也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變。今天的中國(guó),已經(jīng)是一個(gè)全面開(kāi)放的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)國(guó)家。經(jīng)過(guò)30多年的改革開(kāi)放,我們成功地實(shí)現(xiàn)了從高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制到充滿活力的社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、從封閉半封閉狀態(tài)到全方位對(duì)外開(kāi)放的歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變,打破了束縛人們的思想桎梏,極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了億萬(wàn)人民群眾的積極性和創(chuàng)造性,有力地推動(dòng)了生產(chǎn)力大解放大發(fā)展。中國(guó)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步得益于改革開(kāi)放,中國(guó)要實(shí)現(xiàn)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的現(xiàn)代化目標(biāo),仍然要靠改革開(kāi)放。中國(guó)在短短幾十年內(nèi)走過(guò)了一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家兩三百年走完的歷史進(jìn)程,發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在工業(yè)化、城市化、市場(chǎng)化、國(guó)際化進(jìn)程中遇到的矛盾和問(wèn)題,我們都會(huì)遇到,而且會(huì)更加集中、更加尖銳。這些都必須靠改革開(kāi)放來(lái)解決。堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)改革開(kāi)放,關(guān)乎中華民族的興衰和國(guó)家的命運(yùn),我們不會(huì)有絲毫動(dòng)搖。
下面,我想談?wù)劥蠹谊P(guān)心的幾個(gè)對(duì)外開(kāi)放中的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。
一是關(guān)于中美貿(mào)易順差問(wèn)題。我要告訴大家三個(gè)事實(shí):第一,中國(guó)從不追求貿(mào)易順差。中國(guó)從1994年開(kāi)始才持續(xù)出現(xiàn)順差,多數(shù)年份順差占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重在3%以內(nèi),2005年后順差增長(zhǎng)有所加快。我們?cè)缇椭滞ㄟ^(guò)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需和增加進(jìn)口來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題,特別是國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后,中國(guó)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需的政策力度之大,前所未有。2009年中國(guó)貿(mào)易順差比上年下降34%,今年上半年同比又下降42.5%,順差占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重降到2.2%,已處于國(guó)際公認(rèn)的合理水平。中國(guó)的加工貿(mào)易是順差,一般貿(mào)易是逆差;貨物貿(mào)易是順差,服務(wù)貿(mào)易是逆差。近十年中國(guó)貿(mào)易順差主要來(lái)自加工貿(mào)易和外資企業(yè)。包括美國(guó)企業(yè)在內(nèi)的外資企業(yè)是中國(guó)出口的主要受益者。我看過(guò)3年前加州大學(xué)3位研究人員的一項(xiàng)研究成果,他們剖析了ipod播放器的附加值結(jié)構(gòu)。一臺(tái)有451個(gè)零件的ipod播放器,在美國(guó)的零售價(jià)為299美元,美國(guó)本土企業(yè)和工人獲得了最多的163美元附加值,包括蘋果公司80美元、分銷和零售商75美元、零部件制造商8美元;日本獲得的附加值為26美元;中國(guó)只獲得4美元加工費(fèi)。但每臺(tái)產(chǎn)品出口到美國(guó),使中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)的順差增加150美元。中國(guó)出口使中國(guó)與世界得到共贏的結(jié)果,中國(guó)增加了就業(yè),跨國(guó)公司收獲了利潤(rùn),進(jìn)口國(guó)人民得到了價(jià)廉物美的消費(fèi)品。第二,美國(guó)的高失業(yè)率不是中國(guó)的順差造成的。中國(guó)出口的產(chǎn)品,絕大部分是勞動(dòng)密集型、低附加值的消費(fèi)品。對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),許多產(chǎn)品早就停止生產(chǎn)了,即使不從中國(guó)進(jìn)口,也會(huì)從其他國(guó)家進(jìn)口,而決不會(huì)為增加就業(yè)重起爐灶,回美國(guó)生產(chǎn)。因此,要改變中美貿(mào)易不平衡狀態(tài),需要中美雙方共同努力,更要從全球和多邊角度考慮貿(mào)易平衡問(wèn)題。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)增加從美國(guó)的進(jìn)口,美國(guó)也應(yīng)該承認(rèn)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)地位,放松對(duì)中國(guó)的出口管制,真正推動(dòng)自由貿(mào)易。第三,中美雙方的利益不僅在貨物貿(mào)易,而且在雙向投資、服務(wù)貿(mào)易等經(jīng)濟(jì)合作領(lǐng)域。目前,美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)投資項(xiàng)目累計(jì)近6萬(wàn)個(gè)。2008年,美資企業(yè)在華實(shí)現(xiàn)銷售額1467億美元,出口722億美元,利潤(rùn)總額近80億美元。眾所周知,中國(guó)是美國(guó)國(guó)債的最大持有國(guó)之一,中國(guó)在美國(guó)投資興辦的企業(yè)也呈快速增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。
二是關(guān)于人民幣匯率問(wèn)題。人民幣匯率是經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題,決不能政治化。有人把人民幣匯率同中國(guó)的貿(mào)易順差掛鉤,說(shuō)中國(guó)壓低人民幣匯率水平,獲得了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。其實(shí),匯率和貿(mào)易順差之間并沒(méi)有必然的聯(lián)系。19世紀(jì)70年代至20世紀(jì)70年代,美國(guó)曾保持了90多年的貿(mào)易順差,后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槟娌?,而且越?lái)越大,這種狀況的改變顯然不是由匯率變化改起的。中國(guó)目前對(duì)美國(guó)、歐洲有順差,但對(duì)日本、韓國(guó)有逆差??梢?jiàn),兩國(guó)的貿(mào)易不平衡在很大程度上不是人民幣匯率水平能夠解釋的。中國(guó)在人民幣匯率問(wèn)題上一直是高度負(fù)責(zé)任的。人民幣匯率變化要?dú)v史地看。根據(jù)國(guó)際清算銀行公布的匯率指數(shù)測(cè)算,1994年1月到今年7月,人民幣實(shí)際有效匯率大幅升值55.2%,而主要貨幣均明顯貶值,美元、歐元、日元分別貶值2.5%、3.8%、19.5%。這次國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后,許多國(guó)家貨幣大幅貶值,中國(guó)保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩(wěn)定,對(duì)穩(wěn)定國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融形勢(shì)和促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。今年6月19日,中國(guó)進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革,堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)供求為基礎(chǔ),參考一籃子貨幣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié),增強(qiáng)了人民幣匯率彈性。這是在仍然面臨很大困難的條件下,中國(guó)做出的積極努力,人民幣并不具備大幅升值的基礎(chǔ)。匯率改革符合中國(guó)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)和根本利益,將會(huì)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)下去,同時(shí)我們還將積極有效地進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)性改革,努力擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需特別是居民消費(fèi)需求,促進(jìn)國(guó)際收支趨于平衡。
三是關(guān)于中國(guó)的投資環(huán)境。這里我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,中國(guó)的投資環(huán)境的確變了,變得更規(guī)范、更透明、更有利于具有戰(zhàn)略眼光的企業(yè)投資興業(yè)了。截至今年7月底,中國(guó)實(shí)際利用外資突破1萬(wàn)億美元,已連續(xù)18年居發(fā)展中國(guó)家首位。外資企業(yè)已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分,它們帶來(lái)的先進(jìn)技術(shù)、管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)深刻影響著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的各個(gè)層面,加速了中國(guó)參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的進(jìn)程。開(kāi)放的中國(guó)市場(chǎng)使外資企業(yè)從中明顯受益,即使在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候,外資企業(yè)在中國(guó)運(yùn)營(yíng)情況也是好的,不少企業(yè)成為其母公司全球業(yè)務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)亮點(diǎn)和利潤(rùn)中心。今年初中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)發(fā)布的《2010年在華美國(guó)企業(yè)商務(wù)環(huán)境調(diào)查報(bào)告》顯示,2009年,71%的美國(guó)在華企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)盈利,91%的企業(yè)對(duì)未來(lái)5年發(fā)展前景表示樂(lè)觀。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)也不會(huì)滿足已經(jīng)取得的成績(jī)。我們將繼續(xù)完善涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)法律法規(guī)和政策,遵循世界貿(mào)易組織規(guī)則,提供一個(gè)穩(wěn)定、透明、可預(yù)期的投資環(huán)境。所有在中國(guó)依法注冊(cè)的企業(yè)都享有國(guó)民待遇,在自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品認(rèn)定、政府采購(gòu)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)上,我們將一視同仁、平等對(duì)待。我們真誠(chéng)地歡迎美國(guó)企業(yè)積極參與中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放進(jìn)程,共享中國(guó)繁榮進(jìn)步的機(jī)遇和成果。
三、中國(guó)堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路的基本方針長(zhǎng)期不變。中華民族是世界上最熱愛(ài)和平的民族,自古以來(lái)就有以和為貴的傳統(tǒng)。我們對(duì)和平的熱愛(ài)代代相傳,已經(jīng)深深融入到自己的血脈之中。中國(guó)已經(jīng)取得的發(fā)展進(jìn)步,得益于一個(gè)和平的國(guó)際環(huán)境,中國(guó)要實(shí)現(xiàn)新的發(fā)展,仍然需要和平的國(guó)際環(huán)境。中國(guó)始終是維護(hù)世界和平的堅(jiān)定力量,忠實(shí)履行自己應(yīng)盡的國(guó)際責(zé)任和義務(wù),以自己的發(fā)展促進(jìn)世界的和平與發(fā)展。近年來(lái),無(wú)論在推動(dòng)地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題的解決、促進(jìn)國(guó)際、區(qū)域合作,還是在參與聯(lián)合國(guó)維和行動(dòng)等方面,中國(guó)都發(fā)揮了日益重要的作用。中國(guó)堅(jiān)持奉行“與鄰為善、以鄰為伴”的周邊外交方針,不斷加強(qiáng)同周邊國(guó)家的睦鄰友好和務(wù)實(shí)合作,主張通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商和平解決分歧。中國(guó)一直向廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家提供力所能及的幫助。就在幾個(gè)小時(shí)前,我出席了聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)高級(jí)別會(huì)議,宣布了中國(guó)推動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的一系列新舉措。我可以負(fù)責(zé)任地告訴大家,“國(guó)強(qiáng)必霸”有違中華傳統(tǒng)文化,背離世界發(fā)展潮流,絕不是中國(guó)的選擇。中國(guó)不會(huì)威脅任何人,不會(huì)損害任何人的利益。中國(guó)真心實(shí)意地愿作各國(guó)的好朋友和好伙伴,希望與各國(guó)一道,共建持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。
女士們,先生們:
中美是當(dāng)今世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家和最大的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家,我們兩國(guó)關(guān)系的重要性已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出雙邊范疇,具有全球意義。在當(dāng)前新形勢(shì)下,中美兩國(guó)的共同利益緊密交融,兩國(guó)之間的相互需求日益擴(kuò)大,兩國(guó)人民的友好交往在不斷加深。為了世界和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè),為了兩國(guó)人民的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)福祉,我們有責(zé)任確保新時(shí)期中美關(guān)系始終沿著積極合作全面的軌道向前發(fā)展。為此必須在以下幾方面繼續(xù)作出不懈努力:
——增進(jìn)戰(zhàn)略互信。信任是友誼和合作的基礎(chǔ)。信任是種子,它會(huì)生根、發(fā)芽、開(kāi)花、結(jié)果,繁衍生息,最終枝繁葉茂。相互信任的程度越深,彼此之間合作的空間就越大。雙方應(yīng)該始終以積極的眼光看待對(duì)方,以積極的行動(dòng)推進(jìn)各領(lǐng)域?qū)υ捄秃献?,牢牢把握兩?guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展的正確方向。當(dāng)前,應(yīng)保持高層交往勢(shì)頭,全面推進(jìn)雙方在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、科技等領(lǐng)域的對(duì)話、交流和合作。
——尊重彼此利益。中美不可能在所有問(wèn)題上都一致,只能求同存異。出現(xiàn)了分歧,重要的是要妥善處理。雙方只要遵循中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)和《中美聯(lián)合聲明》確立的原則,切實(shí)尊重彼此核心利益和重大關(guān)切,就能夠排除各種干擾和障礙,推動(dòng)中美關(guān)系健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。中國(guó)堅(jiān)定地維護(hù)自身的主權(quán)、安全和發(fā)展利益。臺(tái)灣、涉藏等問(wèn)題事關(guān)中國(guó)的主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整,涉及中方核心利益,中國(guó)人民決不會(huì)作出任何妥協(xié)。近年來(lái),臺(tái)灣海峽兩岸互動(dòng)良好。這一局面來(lái)之不易,需要倍加珍惜。中方希望美方恪守有關(guān)承諾,謹(jǐn)慎、妥善處理臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題,以實(shí)際行動(dòng)支持兩岸和平發(fā)展。
——加強(qiáng)互利合作。我們發(fā)展中美關(guān)系,就是為了造福兩國(guó)人民。我們應(yīng)該本著互利雙贏的原則,強(qiáng)化在經(jīng)貿(mào)、科技、教育、農(nóng)業(yè)、食品安全、反恐、防擴(kuò)散、執(zhí)法等領(lǐng)域的合作,開(kāi)辟基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、航空航天等新的合作領(lǐng)域,讓兩國(guó)人民切實(shí)從中美合作的成果中受益。唯有如此,中美關(guān)系才能贏得兩國(guó)人民的支持,才能不斷取得發(fā)展。
——擴(kuò)大民間交流。人民之間擴(kuò)大往來(lái),能夠在中美兩國(guó)之間架起理解與友誼的橋梁。要繼續(xù)推動(dòng)兩國(guó)地方以及工商、文化、教育、智庫(kù)、媒體等各界人士開(kāi)展多種形式的交流活動(dòng),增進(jìn)兩國(guó)人民之間的了解和理解,讓更多民眾成為發(fā)展中美關(guān)系的積極支持者。中美要繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)兩國(guó)青年之間的交流,為中美長(zhǎng)期友好奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。我們也歡迎更多的美國(guó)朋友到中國(guó)訪問(wèn)、游覽,與中國(guó)人民交流,更全面地了解中國(guó)。
女士們,先生們:
貴國(guó)開(kāi)國(guó)先賢本杰明·富蘭克林說(shuō)過(guò):“惟堅(jiān)韌者始能遂其志”。只要我們有百折不撓的精神、堅(jiān)忍不拔的意志,任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻都阻擋不了中美關(guān)系向前發(fā)展的潮流。讓我們攜起手來(lái),排除前進(jìn)道路上的各種困難和干擾,共同開(kāi)創(chuàng)新時(shí)期中美關(guān)系光明的未來(lái)。
謝謝大家!
http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2010-09/23/c_12598760_8.htm
第四篇:中國(guó)駐美國(guó)大使張業(yè)遂在中美總商會(huì)成立6周年晚宴上的講話
張業(yè)遂大使在美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)成立6周年晚宴上的講話
2011/11/18
尊敬的各位來(lái)賓,女士們,先生們:
我很高興出席美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)舉辦的首次晚宴,與大家一起慶??偵虝?huì)成立6周年。
美國(guó)中國(guó)總商會(huì)自2005年成立以來(lái),秉承為會(huì)員服務(wù)的宗旨,發(fā)揮了“中美經(jīng)貿(mào)橋梁、企業(yè)合作紐帶”的獨(dú)特作用,為促進(jìn)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系發(fā)展作出了積極貢獻(xiàn),我謹(jǐn)對(duì)此表示祝賀!
今年是中美重新打開(kāi)交往大門40周年。40年來(lái),中美關(guān)系雖歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨,但在兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人、歷屆政府和各界人士的共同努力下,兩國(guó)關(guān)系取得了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展。如今,中美關(guān)系已成為當(dāng)今世界最重要、最具活力的雙邊關(guān)系之一。
當(dāng)前中美關(guān)系的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)是中美兩國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系日益緊密?,F(xiàn)在,中美互為第二大貿(mào)易伙伴。2010年,雙邊貿(mào)易額達(dá)3853億美元。中國(guó)是美國(guó)第三大出口市場(chǎng),并已連續(xù)10年成為美國(guó)增長(zhǎng)最快的主要出口市場(chǎng)。2000年至2010年,美國(guó)對(duì)華出口累計(jì)增長(zhǎng)468%,同期美國(guó)對(duì)其他國(guó)家的出口僅增長(zhǎng) 55%。美國(guó)是中國(guó)最大的外來(lái)直接投資來(lái)源國(guó),中國(guó)則是美國(guó)最大的債權(quán)國(guó)。
中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系為兩國(guó)人民帶來(lái)了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。據(jù)估算,2001年至2007年,美國(guó)對(duì)華出口為美國(guó)新增250萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。摩根斯坦利公司的一份報(bào)告顯示,美國(guó)400萬(wàn)至800萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)與中美貿(mào)易密切相關(guān)。僅以美國(guó)玩具零售業(yè)為例,2010年美國(guó)該行業(yè)就業(yè)總?cè)藬?shù)為14萬(wàn)人,其中約12萬(wàn)就業(yè)崗位源自中國(guó)進(jìn)口。
中國(guó)物美價(jià)廉的產(chǎn)品也為美國(guó)廣大消費(fèi)者帶來(lái)了的實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。過(guò)去10年,中國(guó)產(chǎn)品使美國(guó)消費(fèi)者節(jié)省了6000多億美元。研究表明,中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作為美國(guó)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、降低通脹發(fā)揮了積極作用,并平均為每個(gè)美國(guó)家庭增加了1000美元的可支配收入。
今年1月,中國(guó)國(guó)家主席胡錦濤對(duì)美國(guó)進(jìn)行了成功的國(guó)事訪問(wèn)。訪問(wèn)的一個(gè)重要成果是胡主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在聯(lián)合聲明中就共同努力建設(shè)相互尊重、互利共贏的中美合作伙伴關(guān)系達(dá)成了共識(shí)。同時(shí),兩國(guó)元首還一致同意建立中美全面互利經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系。
我認(rèn)為,作為建設(shè)全面互利經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系的重要部分,雙方需要在以下優(yōu)先領(lǐng)域加強(qiáng)合作:
首先,作為世界上前兩大經(jīng)濟(jì)體,中美應(yīng)繼續(xù)攜手推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇,維護(hù)全球金融穩(wěn)定。
當(dāng)前,中美兩國(guó)都致力于調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。中國(guó)正在實(shí)施“十二五”規(guī)劃,其重要內(nèi)容是加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式,擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需。美國(guó)政府也在大力振興美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì),重振制造業(yè),加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),擴(kuò)大出口。中美應(yīng)繼續(xù)支持彼此的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,這符合雙方共同利益
2008年國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)以來(lái),中美在二十國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)框架下就如何應(yīng)對(duì)金融危機(jī)進(jìn)行了有效磋商與協(xié)調(diào)。近期,中美在法國(guó)戛納二十國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)、夏威夷亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議期間密切合作,為推動(dòng)亞太地區(qū)以及世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)和復(fù)蘇,維護(hù)全球金融穩(wěn)定作出了努力。
第二,中美在繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)雙向貿(mào)易與投資方面擁有巨大潛力。
中國(guó)正在加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)建擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)向依靠消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變。今后5年,中國(guó)消費(fèi)增長(zhǎng)率將保持在一個(gè)較高水平上,預(yù)計(jì)進(jìn)口總規(guī)模有望超過(guò)8萬(wàn)億美元。這將給包括美國(guó)在內(nèi)的世界各國(guó)的農(nóng)民、制造商和工人帶來(lái)更多機(jī)遇。
當(dāng)前,美國(guó)對(duì)華出口僅占中國(guó)進(jìn)口總量的7%。這不符合中美雙邊關(guān)系的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及中國(guó)的進(jìn)口能力。人們不禁要問(wèn):美國(guó)在充分挖掘中國(guó)市場(chǎng)潛力方面是否作好了準(zhǔn)備?
與之相關(guān)的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是美國(guó)應(yīng)放寬高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對(duì)華出口限制。2001年至2010年,中國(guó)自美國(guó)進(jìn)口的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品比重從18.3%下降到7.1%。如果美國(guó)繼續(xù)保持18.3%的市場(chǎng)份額,2010年對(duì)華出口將增加460億美元。
到2020年,中國(guó)在集成電路、機(jī)床和民用航天等領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)口需求將高達(dá)6000多億美元,其中有大量產(chǎn)品受限于美國(guó)出口管制政策。如果美國(guó)繼續(xù)實(shí)施出口管制政策,很多美國(guó)企業(yè)將失去商機(jī)。
關(guān)于投資問(wèn)題。近年來(lái),越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)企業(yè)來(lái)美國(guó)投資,但中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)投資的增長(zhǎng)速度仍有很大上升空間。2010年,中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外投資達(dá)3170億美元,其中對(duì)美國(guó)投資僅為50億美元,占1.5%。
促進(jìn)雙向投資需要中美雙方共同努力。中國(guó)將不斷完善對(duì)外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作法律法規(guī),有效加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù),并在自主創(chuàng)新、政府采購(gòu)等方面一視同仁,一如既往地為所有赴華投資者創(chuàng)造良好、公平的投資環(huán)境。中國(guó)企業(yè)在赴美國(guó)投資時(shí),需要熟悉美國(guó)的法律法規(guī)、投資環(huán)境和企業(yè)文化,以便作出正確的投資決定。
美方應(yīng)采取積極措施為中國(guó)企業(yè)來(lái)美國(guó)投資提供開(kāi)放、友善的環(huán)境,這將有利于促進(jìn)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和增加就業(yè)。對(duì)許多中國(guó)企業(yè),包括完全根據(jù)市場(chǎng)規(guī)則獨(dú)立運(yùn)作的上市國(guó)有企業(yè)對(duì)美國(guó)的投資,應(yīng)采取更加積極的態(tài)度。
第三,中美應(yīng)進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)地方合作。
地方政府和相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)是中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的主體和主要受益者。過(guò)去10年,美國(guó)50個(gè)州中有47個(gè)州對(duì)華出口增幅達(dá)到三位甚至四位數(shù)的百分比。加強(qiáng)地方合作潛力巨大。
今年夏天,首屆中美省州長(zhǎng)論壇在美國(guó)猶他州鹽湖城舉行。雙方簽訂了20多項(xiàng)合作協(xié)議,總金額超過(guò)30億美元。上個(gè)月,第二屆論壇在北京舉行,雙方進(jìn)一步簽訂了多項(xiàng)合作協(xié)議與諒解備忘錄。雙方應(yīng)充分利用中美省州長(zhǎng)論壇等地方合作機(jī)制,進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)中美地方經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。
女士們、先生們:
中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系規(guī)模大、發(fā)展快,出現(xiàn)一些問(wèn)題是正常的,關(guān)鍵是要妥善處理。中美之間的經(jīng)貿(mào)問(wèn)題應(yīng)通過(guò)中美戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話、中美商貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)等對(duì)話與磋商機(jī)制加以解決。
中美之間確實(shí)存在貿(mào)易不平衡問(wèn)題,但兩國(guó)貿(mào)易不平衡不是人民幣匯率造成的,而是中美貿(mào)易投資的結(jié)構(gòu)性差異、兩國(guó)消費(fèi)和儲(chǔ)蓄模式的不同以及國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)分工和轉(zhuǎn)移等多種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。事實(shí)上,自2005 年7月以來(lái),人民幣對(duì)美元已累計(jì)升值30%。而2005年至2011年,美國(guó)的失業(yè)率由5.1%上升至9.1%。這充分證明,人民幣升值無(wú)助于降低美國(guó)的失業(yè)率。
需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,目前中國(guó)對(duì)全球貿(mào)易總體趨向平衡,順差逐年、逐月減少。今年1至10月,中國(guó)的進(jìn)口增幅比出口增幅高出5個(gè)百分點(diǎn),貿(mào)易順差減少了16%;同期中國(guó)貿(mào)易順差占GDP的比重不到1.4%,即便加上資本項(xiàng)目的流入,經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目順差占GDP比重也不到3%,大大低于去年同期的5.1%。總的看,中國(guó)的貿(mào)易基本是平衡的,國(guó)際收支處于合理區(qū)位。
實(shí)踐證明,實(shí)行以市場(chǎng)供求為基礎(chǔ)、參考一籃子貨幣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)、有管理的浮動(dòng)匯率制度,符合中國(guó)國(guó)情,也有利于國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。我們將繼續(xù)按照主動(dòng)性、漸進(jìn)性、可控性原則,穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革,增強(qiáng)人民幣匯率靈活性。
我們認(rèn)為,推動(dòng)立法不是解決匯率問(wèn)題的正確途徑。采取保護(hù)主義措施只會(huì)把中美兩國(guó)推向“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”邊緣。在當(dāng)前世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)緩慢、國(guó)際金融環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定的背景下,中美兩國(guó)尤其要避免發(fā)生“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”。
中美兩國(guó)在許多重大地區(qū)和全球性問(wèn)題上保持有效溝通與合作。從傳統(tǒng)的安全與發(fā)展領(lǐng)域到反恐、防擴(kuò)散、應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化、能源、環(huán)境保護(hù)等新興領(lǐng)域,從應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)、推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇到實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo),中美合作的領(lǐng)域幾乎無(wú)處不在。
在過(guò)去幾十年中,中國(guó)雖然取得了舉世矚目的成就,但仍是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。盡管中國(guó)已成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟(jì)體,但就經(jīng)濟(jì)總量而言,中國(guó)更接近世界第三大經(jīng)濟(jì)體而非第一大經(jīng)濟(jì)體。2010年,中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值為美國(guó)的40%,人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值是美國(guó)的十分之一。中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化,還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走,仍面臨許多困難和嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。
中國(guó)將始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路。中國(guó)將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持改革開(kāi)放,致力于確保平衡、可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),提高中國(guó)人民生活水平,保障中國(guó)人民的各項(xiàng)基本權(quán)利。
歷史已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)證明,中國(guó)的和平發(fā)展是機(jī)遇,而不是威脅。中國(guó)的和平發(fā)展不僅給中國(guó)人民帶來(lái)了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益,已經(jīng)并將繼續(xù)為世界各國(guó)人民的福祉作出積極貢獻(xiàn)。
中美兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量約占世界的三分之一,人口之和占世界人口總數(shù)的四分之一,貿(mào)易總額占世界的五分之一。在全球化時(shí)代,在兩國(guó)聯(lián)系日益緊密的情況下,兩國(guó)可以被視作是一個(gè) “利益共同體”,休戚與共。
新的形勢(shì)需要新的思維。固守冷戰(zhàn)思維只會(huì)將中美關(guān)系拖向?qū)古c沖突。摒棄固有思維,從戰(zhàn)略高度和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度看待中美關(guān)系,至關(guān)重要。
中美關(guān)系不是,也不應(yīng)成為“零和游戲”。如果中美兩國(guó)能作為伙伴開(kāi)展合作,雙方都將從中受益。我們可以共同開(kāi)創(chuàng)世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家和世界上最大的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和平共存、共同繁榮的新型模式。
謝謝大家。
Speech by Ambassador Zhang Yesui at the China General Chamber of Commerce –
U.S.A.Annual Gala
2011/11/18
Distinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen,It’s a great honour and privilege to speak at the first annual event to celebrate the 6th anniversary of the China General Chamber of Commerce – U.S.A.Since its founding in 2005, the General Chamber has fulfilled its mission to serve its members and to serve as a bridge between Chinese and American business communities.I want to congratulate the General Chamber for its good work and its contribution in advancing trade and economic ties between China and the United States.This year marks the 40th anniversary of the reopening of relations between China and the United States.In the last four decades, despite ups and downs, with the shared commitment and joint efforts from the leadership, governments and people of all walks of life in both countries, China-US relationship has surged ahead and has come a long way.Today, China-US relationship has become one of the most important and dynamic relationships in the world.A prominent feature of today’s China-US relations is the interconnectedness between our two economies.We are now each other’s second largest trade partner.Last year, our bilateral trade reached 385 billion US dollars.China has been the third largest and the fastest growing export market for the US.Over the past decade, US exports to China increased by 468%, while its exports to other countries increased only by 55%.The US continues to be the No.1 source of foreign direct investment for China, and China has become the biggest foreign creditor for the US.China-US business ties have brought tangible benefits to the peoples in both countries.It is estimated that between 2001 and 2007 alone, US export to China brought about 2.5 million new jobs to the US.According to a Morgan Stanley report, 4-8 million US jobs are closely associated with China-US trade.For example, in 2010, the US toys retail sector employed about 140,000 people.Among this, about 120,000 jobs are created by imports from China.Chinese high quality yet inexpensive commodities saved a lot of money for American consumers, over 600 billion dollars in the past 10 years.One study shows that trade with China has boosted economic growth and lowered inflation rate for the US.This means an increase of around 1,000 dollars in real disposable income for every US household each year.In January this year, President Hu Jintao paid a successful state visit to the United States.Among the many results that came out of the visit, the most meaningful was the shared commitment that President Hu and President Barack Obama have made in the Joint Statement, that the two sides will work together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit.The two presidents also recognized the vital importance of building a comprehensive and mutually beneficial economic partnership.This has laid the groundwork, and it depends on both sides to work together to make it happen.In my view, as we build this economic partnership, we should focus on the following three priorities:
First, as the two largest economies in the world, we should work together to promote world economic recovery and global financial stability.Currently, both China and the United States are undertaking massive efforts to restructure our economies.The core of China’s 12th Five-Year Plan is to transform the mode of economic development and expand domestic consumption.The US is also striving to jumpstart its economy through revitalizing American manufacturing, strengthening infrastructure and expanding export.It is in our common interest to continue to support each other’s economic restructuring.Our two countries have had productive consultation and coordination within the framework of G20 in coping with the financial crisis since 2008.We have worked closely at the G20 Summit in Cannes and the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting in Hawaii to promote world economic recovery and growth and international financial stability.Second, I see great potential in advancing mutual trade and investment.China is now intensifying efforts to expand domestic demand, so that the economy will be driven by consumption, investment and export in a more balanced way.In the next 5 years, consumption in China will be growing at a fairly fast pace, and the total import is expected to reach more than 8 trillion US dollars.This will provide further opportunities to farmers, manufacturers, and workers in the US and other parts of the world.Currently, US export to China only accounts for less than 7% in China’s total import.This is not compatible with the status of the overall bilateral relationship and China’s demand for import.The question is: To what extent is the US ready to fully utilize the potential Chinese market?
One related issue is the need to ease control of high-tech products to China.The proportion of US high-tech products in China’s overall high-tech import has been declining considerably, from 18.3% in 2001 to just 7.1% in 2010.If the US had been able to maintain its 18.3% share in 2010, it would have meant an increase of 46 billion dollars of its export to China.By 2020, China will have a 600 billion US dollars market for civil aviation, integrated circuit, machine tools and other products.Most of these products fall under the export control regime.If current practices continue, many US businesses will see opportunities easily lost.As far as investment is concerned, there is a growing interest among Chinese investors to come and invest in the US, but Chinese investment in the US is not growing as fast as it should.Among the 317 billion US dollars that Chinese companies have invested abroad by the end of 2010, only about 5 billion, or 1.5%, was made in the US.It requires joint efforts from both sides to enhance mutual investment.We have worked, and will be working to improve our legal framework, strengthen IPR protection, and provide a favorable and level playing field for foreign businesses in terms of indigenous innovation and government procurement.On the part of Chinese investors, they need to know more about US laws, regulations, investment environment and corporate culture in order to make the right investment decisions.It is important that the US side takes similar steps to provide an open and friendly environment for Chinese investment which can contribute to the US economy and employment.Investment coming from China, including those from the state owned enterprises which are public listed companies and operating under market rules, should be viewed in a more positive light.Third, we need to further enhance sub-national cooperation.Local communities are the main players and beneficiaries in China-US economic and trade relations.In the past decade, 47 out of 50 states in the US have seen a three digit, in some cases even 4 digit growth in their export to China.There is great potential for sub-national cooperation.This summer, when the first China-US Governors Forum was held in Salt Lake City, the two sides signed over 20 cooperation agreements, with a total value of 3 billion US dollars.The second Forum was held in Beijing last month, with more agreements and MOUs signed between the two sides.We should make good use of the Forum and other sub-national mechanisms to promote economic and trade cooperation.Our economic and trade relationship is so big and expanding so fast that it is only normal to have problems.These economic problems should be addressed as economic problems through such dialogue and consultation mechanisms as the Strategic and Economic Dialogue and the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade.We recognize that there is trade imbalance between China and the United States.The trade imbalance is caused by a combination of factors, including the structural trade and investment differences, divergent patterns of saving and consumption, and the international division of labor, rather than an issue of the RMB exchange rate.In fact, the RMB has appreciated by nearly 30% since July 2005.However, between 2005 and 2011, the US unemployment rate increased from 5.1% to 9%.This proves that RMB appreciation alone will not help to reduce the unemployment rate in the US.It is also important to know that China’s trade with the rest of the world is moving toward greater balance.China’s trade surplus is declining on a yearly, even monthly basis.Between January and October this year, China’s imports grew by 5 percentage points faster than exports, and China’s trade surplus was down by 16%.In the same period, the trade surplus accounted for less than 1.4% of China's total GDP.Even if the inflow of the capital account is included, China’s current account surplus is less than 3% of the GDP, much lower than 5.1% in the same period last year.In general, China’s trade is basically balanced, and China’s balance of international payment is within a reasonable range.Facts have shown that the managed floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies is in line with China’s realities, and is conducive to international economic and financial stability and development.We will continue to progressively promote the reform of the RMB exchange rate regime, and make the exchange rate more flexible in a self-initiated, gradual and controllable manner.We do not believe that legislation is the appropriate mechanism by which to address the currency issue.Because to invoke protectionist measures will only push China and the US toward the brink of a “trade war,” which is exactly what we should avoid when confronted with a sluggish world economy and international financial instability.China and the US are working closely on many important regional and global issues, from traditional security and development areas to newly emerged issues such as anti-terrorism, non-proliferation, climate change, energy and environmental protection;from addressing the global financial crisis and facilitating world economic recovery to the realization of the UN Millennium Development Goals.While it is true that China has achieved remarkable growth in the past decades, it is still a developing country.Although China’s economy is now the second largest in the world, it is far closer to the third than to the first.Our GDP is just over 40% of that of the United States, and per capita GDP is 1/10 of that of the United States.There is clearly a long way to go, and there are enormous challenges and problems ahead.China has taken the path of peaceful development, and will remain committed to it.We will stick to the reform and opening up policy and continue to work hard to ensure a balanced and sustained growth and to improve the living standards and basic rights of the Chinese people.What has happened has proved and will continue to prove that China’s peaceful development is an opportunity, not a threat.It not only brings real benefits to the Chinese people, but also contributes to the welfare of the people of the rest of the world.Together, China and the United States account for about one third of the world economy, one quarter of the world population and one-fifth of international trade.In this era of globalization, and given the size and the degree of interconnectedness of the two countries, China and the US can be regarded as a community of interests.The success of one relies greatly on the success of the other.Such new realities require new thinking.If people continue to look at each other with the cold war mindset, China and the United States will be drawn into confrontation and conflict.It is imperative to shift from the old way of thinking and frame China-US relations from a strategic and long-term perspective.China-US relationship is not and should not be a zero-sum game relationship.If we work together as true partners, we can both emerge as winners.We can create a new model of relationship between the biggest developing country and the biggest developed country to peacefully co-exist and prosper together.Thank you.
第五篇:***在中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)晚宴上的即席講話
***在中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)晚宴上的即席講話
中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)衛(wèi)興華、雷德大使,女士們、先生們:
很高興又有機(jī)會(huì)與大家見(jiàn)面。去年,我在這兒講了一番話,很高興;今天的話題就更多了。不久前,布什總統(tǒng)成功訪華,和我們胡主席、溫總理的交談是熱情、友好的,也很務(wù)實(shí),他還提出希望我們多進(jìn)美國(guó)牛肉(笑聲),我們正在研究。
剛才我聽(tīng)說(shuō),今天來(lái)了700多位客人,我想,你們正代表著中美兩個(gè)偉大國(guó)家合作發(fā)展的未來(lái),因?yàn)橹忻篱g合作的基礎(chǔ)就是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的互利共贏。盡管在過(guò)去的半個(gè)世紀(jì),我們兩國(guó)之間有不少爭(zhēng)吵、很多誤解,但在中國(guó)做生意的美國(guó)商人還是比較客觀的,可以成為溝通兩國(guó)思想與文化的橋梁。美國(guó)朋友可能注意到,我們的胡主席已經(jīng)向世界發(fā)出了一個(gè)重要信號(hào),就是希望建設(shè)和諧世界,也就是說(shuō),中國(guó)不僅要走和平發(fā)展之路,而且要同世界上各個(gè)民族和諧相處,互利共贏。我十分贊賞中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)在過(guò)去10多年間為兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作所做的貢獻(xiàn),尤其是推動(dòng)美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)承認(rèn)中國(guó)的永久最惠國(guó)待遇,支持中國(guó)加入WTO。
剛才,你們的會(huì)長(zhǎng)“老衛(wèi)”特別提到我是山西人,這很重要(笑聲)。你們知道,在海內(nèi)外華人開(kāi)辦的商會(huì)里,幾乎都供著關(guān)公的像,因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)歷史上,他是忠義、誠(chéng)信的象征,而他就是我的山西老鄉(xiāng)兒(笑聲、掌聲)。盡管現(xiàn)在我老家比較困難,但想當(dāng)年做生意,在中國(guó)是響當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)?,晉商是很有名氣的(笑聲)。說(shuō)到這兒,我還想請(qǐng)一尊關(guān)公像送給中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì),大家都要講誠(chéng)信嘛(笑聲、掌聲)。
不久前,中美之間成功地解決了紡織品問(wèn)題,現(xiàn)在大家都可以松口氣,高高興興地迎新年了。我贊賞在談判的最后階段——第六輪、第七輪,波特曼大使體現(xiàn)了必要的靈活性,使協(xié)議最終能夠達(dá)成,還專程飛到倫敦跟我們簽協(xié)議,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了中美雙贏。我還想提一下,商務(wù)部長(zhǎng)古鐵雷斯在訪問(wèn)北京的時(shí)候,雖然感冒了,但主動(dòng)提出想看一看中國(guó)的紡織廠,去具體了解中國(guó)紡織工人的處境,他第二次來(lái)北京時(shí),果然去了北京郊區(qū)一家工廠。如果大家都能以這種互相尊重、平和理智的心態(tài)來(lái)面對(duì)問(wèn)題的話,相信中美之間的貿(mào)易就順多了。
紡織品問(wèn)題是在中國(guó)加入WTO過(guò)渡期結(jié)束之后,中美之間的第一個(gè)大難題,它的成功解決使我們有了經(jīng)驗(yàn),也產(chǎn)生了信心。胡主席倡導(dǎo)建立一個(gè)和諧世界,我想,在這個(gè)世界上,如果中美兩大民族能夠和諧相處,這個(gè)世界就會(huì)相當(dāng)和諧了,全世界人民就高興了(笑聲、掌聲)。中美兩國(guó)都不乏大智大勇之人,完全可以解決共同面對(duì)的難題。我經(jīng)歷過(guò)中國(guó)的文化革命,人們并不喜歡那場(chǎng)“革命”,但文革中有一句話說(shuō)得很好,就是“我們面對(duì)的困難是局部的、暫時(shí)的、可以克服的、而且是前進(jìn)中的困難”(笑聲),我看中美兩國(guó)之間的困難
就是這類困難,而“一切成問(wèn)題的問(wèn)題都不成問(wèn)題”(笑聲、掌聲)。
當(dāng)然,回味中美紡織品的爭(zhēng)端,在激烈辯論之后我倒特別佩服美國(guó)的朋友,因?yàn)槟銈冊(cè)谧ズ教炜萍肌⒉ㄒ麸w機(jī)之時(shí),也沒(méi)有忘記褲子、襪子這類小東西,確實(shí)精力過(guò)人(笑聲、掌聲)。這不禁讓我想起中國(guó)封建時(shí)代的那些財(cái)主,大錢要掙,小錢也不放過(guò)(大笑)。在世界貿(mào)易市場(chǎng)上,美國(guó)產(chǎn)品處于高端和中端,我們是在中端和低端。這就像在宴會(huì)上,你們有錢吃龍蝦、吃牛排,而我們?cè)诔责z頭、吃三明治。有趣的是,美國(guó)朋友一邊吃著龍蝦和牛排,一面還很關(guān)注我們的三明治是不是吃多了(大笑、掌聲)。這種一絲不茍的認(rèn)真態(tài)度實(shí)在難能可貴(笑聲)。
輕松之余,我還有點(diǎn)壓力和擔(dān)憂。聽(tīng)說(shuō)美國(guó)方面有些人士對(duì)中美之間的貿(mào)易逆差講了很多話,還提出要對(duì)所有中國(guó)產(chǎn)品大幅加征關(guān)稅。真果如此,中美之間的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)就真要爆發(fā)了。走到那一步,我看對(duì)今天在座的,不論是中國(guó)人還是美國(guó)人,都不是個(gè)好消息。事實(shí)上,我們完全沒(méi)有必要走到那一步,因?yàn)橹忻纼蓢?guó)之間的貿(mào)易逆差是互補(bǔ)性的,不是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的。中美之間的買賣是兩廂情愿、各有所得,誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有勉強(qiáng)誰(shuí),賣的愿意賣,買的愿意買,不然怎么能生意越做越大呢?有人說(shuō),由于中國(guó)的出口,使美國(guó)的就業(yè)崗位流失了。而據(jù)我所知,由于中美貿(mào)易,美國(guó)在生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域失去的就業(yè)崗位,早已被流通領(lǐng)域增加的崗位大大地彌補(bǔ)了。
事實(shí)上,在中國(guó)出口產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)的利潤(rùn)中,中方只得到了小頭兒,而美方的進(jìn)口商、零售商則得到了大頭兒。而且,中國(guó)辛辛苦苦掙的外匯,還有相當(dāng)一部分買了美國(guó)的債券。統(tǒng)而觀之,中美之間的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系是平衡的。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)的紡織品出口多一些,但美國(guó)對(duì)華農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的出口成績(jī)也不錯(cuò)呀!經(jīng)過(guò)200多年的發(fā)展,美國(guó)已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界最大的商業(yè)國(guó)家,這本身就說(shuō)明美國(guó)人很聰明,不會(huì)干賠本兒買賣的(笑聲)。中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)產(chǎn)品的進(jìn)口正與日俱增,2001年,中國(guó)是美國(guó)的第9大出口市場(chǎng);而今年,中國(guó)已經(jīng)超過(guò)英國(guó)成為美國(guó)的第4大出口市場(chǎng)了。
我還注意到,美國(guó)方面高度關(guān)注知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù),這對(duì)中國(guó)政府來(lái)說(shuō)同樣十分重要,我們的胡主席、溫總理、吳儀副總理對(duì)此都高度重視,而且將其稱之為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略,認(rèn)為中國(guó)必須建立有效的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)體系,否則就無(wú)法培育起我國(guó)的自主創(chuàng)新能力。所以,加強(qiáng)對(duì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù),我們的想法是一致的,利益是共同的。我們歡迎所有在華企業(yè)與我們共同努力,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有侵權(quán)行為,及時(shí)報(bào)告,我們會(huì)認(rèn)真對(duì)待,嚴(yán)肅處理。比如,前一段秀水街有賣假冒商品的,我聽(tīng)說(shuō)一些外國(guó)朋友也經(jīng)常到那兒去光顧(笑聲),但我們的吳儀副總理態(tài)度堅(jiān)決,親自下令把它關(guān)了。道理很簡(jiǎn)單,不能有效地保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán),我們就難以發(fā)展;反之,知識(shí)受到尊重,創(chuàng)新得以勃發(fā),中國(guó)就會(huì)是強(qiáng)國(guó)。當(dāng)然,這需要一個(gè)過(guò)程,它和老百姓受教育的普及程度有關(guān)。
順便說(shuō),這還是一個(gè)世界性的問(wèn)題,中國(guó)有,外國(guó)也有,即使在發(fā)達(dá)的美國(guó),有時(shí)也難以避免。前不久我就聽(tīng)說(shuō),有一百多部中國(guó)優(yōu)秀的影片在美國(guó)被盜版了(笑聲),不曉得中國(guó)影片這么受歡迎??磥?lái),希望對(duì)外國(guó)優(yōu)秀影片先睹為快,恐怕是各國(guó)不少人的共同嗜好(大笑、掌聲)。
說(shuō)到底,中美兩國(guó)還是要看長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),要把我們之間的貿(mào)易蛋糕做大。布什總統(tǒng)來(lái)訪的時(shí)候,雙方簽了一個(gè)協(xié)議,買了70架波音飛機(jī)。但預(yù)測(cè)到2010年,中國(guó)航空市場(chǎng)還需要500架,到2020年,還需要2000多架。2005年的春節(jié),有朋友告訴我,老百姓發(fā)送的賀歲短信就有100億條。中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的發(fā)育還在青春期,這就是我們合作的基礎(chǔ)。
感謝會(huì)長(zhǎng)老衛(wèi)給我提供這么一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì),本來(lái)還想再講一個(gè)小時(shí)(笑聲),因?yàn)榻涣骱苤匾?,但我不想耽誤大家吃飯。盡管我們之間有時(shí)候也“較勁兒”,甚至爭(zhēng)吵,但雷德大使會(huì)說(shuō)中國(guó)的一句話:“不打不成交”(大笑)。
祝明年美國(guó)在中國(guó)的商人能夠取得更好的成績(jī),恭喜發(fā)財(cái)(掌聲)。