第一篇:中考英語作文王牌備考以及策略
中考作文王牌備考策略
一、認真審題,確定時態(tài)人稱,同時關注題材格式
時態(tài):故事性文章一般用過去時,其中表達感受時可用現(xiàn)在時。說明性或議論性文章一般用現(xiàn)在時,舉例時可用過去時。
根據(jù)題目要求也會出現(xiàn)時態(tài)的交錯使用,如過去和現(xiàn)在的對比等。如果句中出現(xiàn)了時間狀語,時態(tài)則要遵循時間狀語。如ago,last?——過去時;next,in?——將來時等。人稱:注意在句子中人稱的統(tǒng)一。
例如:Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人稱的統(tǒng)一。格式:注意書信格式的開頭和結尾,一定要完整謄寫到答題卡上。
二、找全信息點,緊扣主題,突出重點
切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息點。一定把題讀全,找齊信息點,建議用鉛筆標出,寫完后再涂掉。根據(jù)題目,可適當增加合理內容。
特別注意文章要有開頭和結尾。
三、成文時表述正確,文字流暢
切忌與漢語提示的一一對應,使用所學表達方法將語義表達出來即可。先考慮句子結構(如主謂賓,主系表等)。同時注意短語的正確使用和單詞的拼寫,最好使用課本上學過的短語和句式。
四、文章結構清晰,重點句型出彩,可使文章在得分上提高一個檔次
考慮文章的篇章結構,使用適當?shù)倪B接短語,使文章結構緊湊。
常用連接詞:
1.表文章結構順序:
首先:First of all,F(xiàn)irstly/First,其次/第二:Secondly/Second?And then,最后:Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列補充關系的:
甚至:What is more,另外:Besides,Moreover,In addition,進一步Furthermore,3.表轉折對比關系的:
但是:However,but盡管:Although/Though+clause(從句),In spite of+n/doing 一方面…另一方面…:On the one hand…On the other hand…
一些人/物…然而其他人/物Some?,while others?
4.表因果關系的:
因為:Because,As,所以:So,Therefore,As a result
5.表換一種方式表達:換句話說:In other words
6.表進行舉例說明:例如: For example,+句子;such as+n./doing
7.表陳述事實:事實上:In fact
8.表達自己觀點:到目前為止我所知道的:As far as I know,在我看來:In my opinion
9.表總結(放于文章末尾一段):總之:In short,In a word,In summary
文中正確使用兩三個好的句型,如:賓語從句、狀語從句、動名詞做主語等。賓語從句舉例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful.(我相信天津將會更美麗。)狀語從句舉例:
If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.(如果每個人為環(huán)境做一些事,我們的家鄉(xiāng)將會變得干凈和美麗)
動名詞做主語舉例:
Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.(在太陽地下閱讀對我們的眼睛有壞處)It's bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.常用狀語從句句型:
1)時間: 當…時候:when,直到…才…not?until,盡可能快地:as soon as possible
2)目的: 以至于:so that+clause;to do(為了),為了:in order to
3)結果:如此…以至于:so+adj./adv.+that +clause(從句),too?to do(太??以至于??)
4)條件: 如果:if,unless(除非),as long as(只要)
5)讓步:盡管:though,although,即使:even though,even if
無論什么/何時/哪里/誰/如何no matter what/when/where/who/ how
6)比較:和…一樣…as?as?,(as beautiful as her 與她一樣美)than(比)
五、認真檢查,檢查信息點是否全面,時態(tài)、人稱是否一致,句子結構是否清晰,短語使用、單詞拼寫是否準確等。檢查后,將草稿謄寫在紙上,請注意按結構分段,書寫清晰。
下面列舉一些在檢查中可發(fā)現(xiàn)的錯誤:
1.We live more and more comfortable.(我們生活得越來越舒適)
改正:comfortably(副詞修飾動詞)
2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.(通過閱讀報紙,我們得到更多的信息。)改正:much information(不可數(shù)名詞由much修飾)
3.There has many programs in TV.(電視里有許多節(jié)目)
改正:There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介詞短語)
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.(我認為騎自行車可以保持我們的健康)
改正:I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(動名詞作主語)
小竅門:對于語法以及句子貧乏的學生可以利用中考閱讀理解或者完形填空單項選擇的句型練習或模仿不同和作文相關的內容,特別注意修改總結和吸取范文中好的結構與表達方法,適當運用于自己的文章中。
必備常用句型/短語:
1.But every coin has two sides.(每個硬幣都有兩面)
2.I love places where the people are really friendly.(我喜歡人們很友好的地方)
3.It's best to do sth.(最好做某事)You?d better+V.原形(你最好…)
You?d better eat more fruits and vegetables.(你最好多吃水果和蔬菜。)
4.Why not +V.原形…?(為什么不…)
Why not give up smoking? 為什么不放棄抽煙呢?
5.We hope to relax.(我們希望放松。hope to do sth.希望做某事)
6.I'd like to join an English club.(我想要加入英語俱樂部。would like to do sth.想要做某事)
7.It?s +adj.(important/ lucky/ difficult)+for sb.+to do sth.(做某事對某人來說…)
It?s important for us to keep healthy.(保持健康對我們來說很重要)
8.not?until? 直到?才?I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back.9.That is because + 句子 那是因為?
10.It is said that + 句子 據(jù)說?
11.There is no doubt that + 句子 毫無疑問?
12.It goes without saying that + 句子 不言而喻,毫無疑問
13.There is no need to do 沒必要做?
14.as we all know, +句子 據(jù)我們所知
15.喜歡做某事 like / love doing;enjoy doing
prefer to do A rather than do B 寧愿做A也不愿做B
16.對…感興趣be interested in doing她對打籃球感興趣)
17.努力做?try to do;竭盡全力做?try one?s best to do 我們盡我們努力去幫助人并且使得我們的城市更加美麗)
18.盼望做?look forward to doing;夢想做?dream of doing;
情不自禁地做?can?t help doing;阻止某人做?keep / stop sb.from doing
忙于做?be busy(in)doing; be busy with + 名詞
19.花費時間做?spend time / money(in)doing ;spend time / money on + 名詞20.玩得開心have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 希望你將來夢想成真)我們相互之間相處得很好)
23.She always takes care of my daily life.(她總是照顧我的日常生活)
24.Here is my advice./ Here are some ways.(這是我的一些建議/方法)
25.Hope my advice will be helpful.(希望我的建議會有幫助)
26.Besides,另外,我們經常幫助父母做家務)(我們可以去醫(yī)院為虛弱的孩子們加油打氣)
28.I think it?s lucky for us to have such good studying environment.(我認為有如此好的學習環(huán)境對我們來說很幸運)
29.We will study harder.(我們將會更加努力學習)
30….not only …, but also….不但…而且… 讀更多的書不但有趣而且讓我學得更好)
31.I?m sure I?ll have a meaningful summer holiday.(我相信我將會有一個有意義的暑假)
32.As a student, I?ve learnt a lot from it.(作為一個學生,從它那學到了許多)
33.We should believe that our dream will come true by working hard.(我們應該相信通過努力學習我們的夢想會實現(xiàn))
34.He does well in Chinese.(他在語文上很好)
35.I found it hard to catch up with others.(我發(fā)現(xiàn)趕上其他人很難)
36.I?m very thankful to teachers.(我非常感激老師)
37.You can never imagine how excited I was.(你難以想象我多么激動)
38.There is a saying: “One apple a day, keeps a doctor away.”(有一句諺語說,一天吃一個蘋果,讓你遠離醫(yī)生)
39.What should we do?(我們應該怎么做?)
40.How time flies!Don?t waste the time.(時間飛逝,不要浪費時間)
41.We should be polite to others and be friendly to the people around us.(我們應該對其他人禮貌,并且多我們周圍的人友好)
中考預測題
1.2012學年開學的第一天,某校中學向學生家長下發(fā)了一份《關于禁止學生在校園內使用手機的規(guī)定》:周一至周五7:30-16:30,禁止學生在校園內使用手機,手機必須處于關機狀態(tài);如遇特殊情況,須得到老師同意方可使用,用畢立即關機。這一消息立刻被各大網站轉載報道,網友們就這一事件也紛紛表達了自己的觀點,有人贊同,有人反對,你的觀點是什么?現(xiàn)在請你以“Should students use mobile phones?”為題,參照表內提供的信息,寫一篇英語短文。
Should students use mobile phones?
Recently there has been a discussion among the people on the Internet about “Should students use mobile phones?”典型有關例句:1.Computer is becoming more and more important.(電腦變得越來越重要)
2.We should make good use of it.(我們要利用得很好)
3.It maybe get in the way of our study.(它有可能阻礙我們的學習)
4.We can do lots of things with it.(我們用它可以做許多事情)
5.It makes our life more easy.(它使得我們的生活更容易)
6.Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students.(現(xiàn)在許多中學生使用手機變得越來越流行)
2.飲食安全
假如你是一所國際學校校辦英文雜志的學生編輯。你看了下面這封信后,也想寫一篇關于該信的讀后感,內容要點包括:你對此事件的看法;解釋你的理由并提出你的建議;向受害者表達盡快康復的祝愿。Today,I received the reader?s letter.I was shocked at it.Personally speaking,I think we should pay more attention to the food safety.The government must make some necessary laws.What?s more,some businessmen shouldn?t be only interested in making money.They must care about people?s health.We?d better not eat anything in dirty places though some food is delicious,because eating unhealthy food does harm to our health.Finally,I hope the family in the accident will get better soon.
第二篇:中考英語作文備考
中考英語作文備考
一、與個人有關的
1、自薦類文章。參見夏令營,自薦做文化教師。Dear Miss Li, I am very happy to know that ×× School will start the summer camp.The middle school students from the Belt and Road countries will join it.I apply to be a teacher to introduce Chinese culture to them.I am interested in Chinese culture and I often talk with my classmates about it.In this summer camp, I’ll teach them how to speak Chinese, make dumplings and so on.What’s more, I’ll lead them to read Chinese poems and sing Chinese songs.In the evening, we’ll watch TV programs about Chinese culture.On weekends, we’ll hold some competitions about Chinese culture and the winners can get some souvenirs(紀念品)of traditional Chinese style.I’m sure they will enjoy themselves and learn a lot.I’m looking forward to learning from you.Yours sincerely,××
2、介紹個人習慣類文章。(發(fā)言稿)Good morning, everyone!
I’m glad to be here to talk about my habits.Everyone has a good and bad habits.So do I.I get up early and never stay up late.I like sports, so I often do exercise.In class, I listen to the teacher carefully and take notes.After class, I’ll finish my homework in time and do lots of reading every day.However, I often watch TV or play games for too long.I seldom help my parents with housework and I often eat junk food.Good habits are good for my whole life.I think I should develop good habits instead of bad ones.That’s all.Thanks for listening!
3、介紹他人類文章。
I am glad to introduce a good friend of mine.His name is Li Ming.He is in Class8, Grade9.He is very polite.When he meets his teachers or classmates, he always says hello to them.He also gets on well with others.He has made many friends.Whenever we have problems with our schoolwork, he is always ready to help us.He is kind to other people.He often tries his best to help people in need.Li Ming wants to be a useful man in the future.He is a model student for us and we should learn from him.4、個人安全類文章。(也屬于社會問題)
How to Keep Ourselves Safe As children, we are not always safe in our daily life.So, I think it’s very important for us to keep safety in mind.Here are some of my suggestions.Every day we should walk to school with friends.We shouldn’t talk to strangers or go anywhere with them, or accept gifts from them without parents’ permission.School bullying(欺凌、恐嚇)happens from time to time.To keep bullying away, we should talk to teachers or parents.Fighting can’t resolve(解決)problems.Internet is very useful these days, but there is also something bad on the Internet.It’s better for us to surf the internet with parents together.With the help of parents and teachers, we can grow up safe.5、與父母相處類文章。
Show Filial Piety(孝順)for Our Parents Dear fellow students, As we know, parents are the most important people in our lives.They give us not only life but also unselfish(無私的)care along with our growth.So it is our duty to show filial piety for them and try hard to make them happy.As students, first, we should understand what they think about and be thankful for what they have done for us.Don’t behave rudely towards them.Second, we should spend a little more time at home, staying with them, sharing the housework.Third, we should, now and then, give them such pleasant surprises as a small gift at their birthday, school reports with good grades or teachers’ praise and so on.Fourth, we should stay and look after them when they don’t feel well.Action, boys and girls!Be better to parents right now.二、與別人溝通交流
6、感謝信類文章。感謝別人的幫助。
Dear Miss Wang, I’m glad to have the chance to write this letter.How time flies!I’ll graduate from the junior school soon, words can’t show my thanks to you.Three years ago, I was new in the class.I had no friends here and felt lonely.You encouraged me to make more friends.And you also told me how to study English well.With your help, I changed a lot.Now, I am outgoing.I would like to take an active part in various activities.I also improve my grades a lot.I’m so thankful to you for your kind help that I’ll work harder and try to do better in the future.Best wishes!
Yours,××
7、初中生活建議類文章。
My Advice on a Wonderful Junior School Life
I’m very glad to hear that you will be a junior student next term.Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you should have a positive attitude and make plans for studying.You need learn to be independent and communicate with others such as teachersparents and classmates.Secondly, you should not only study hard , but also pay attention to develop different kinds of interests and take part in more outdoor activities.Thirdly, when you are in public, you are supposed to follow the rules, keep yourself safe and help others who are in need.Finally, I think no matter when and where, if you have good manners and habits, you will get a happy life.Best wishes and enjoy your colorful middle school life!
三、其他社會熱門話題
8、城市(家鄉(xiāng))發(fā)展類文章。作為一個中學生應該怎么做。
××is a beautiful city with a long history.It’s our hometown and it has changed a lot in the past few years.To make it be more and more beautiful, I often keep my room clean at home.On weekends, I do some cleaning in my neighborhood.I usually go to the park near my house on Sundays.I always collect the trash when I find it around the park.I never litter and I ask my classmates not to litter at school.Sometimes I plant trees on the hill near the school.My teachers take us to clean the streets once a month.There are a lot of things we can do.In order to make our city more and more beautiful, let’s work together and do our best.9、環(huán)保類文章。面對霧霾等越來越嚴重,環(huán)境大氣污染問題我們應該怎么做。
As the haze weather(霧霾天氣)is becoming more and more serious in many cities, people focus on(關注、聚焦)the environmental protection.As middle school students, what should we do? Something must be done to solve the problem.First, we should take buses or subways(地鐵)instead of driving cars.If it is not far, we can walk or ride a bike.Second, we’d better not light fireworks during the festivals.Third, we are supposed to plant more trees.We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere.In a word, we should try our best to protect our environment.The less pollution we make, the better life we will have.10、呼吁類文章(發(fā)言稿等)。公共自行車(共享單車)等的使用。
Dear friends,Nowadays, people can see that many bicycle parking lots have appeared(出現(xiàn))in Changsha.They can provide many public bicycles for us.Not only can riding bicycles be good for the environment, but people can get more exercise.However, with the popularity of these bicycles, we should also pay attention to the ways of using them when we enjoy riding.For example, we are not supposed to stop our bicycles anywhere we want.What’s more, even though these bicycles don’t belong to us, it is still our duty to use them properly and prevent them from being damaged.If we can make full use of these bicycles, our life will be better and healthier.Thanks for your attention.11、調查類文章。關于互聯(lián)網使用情況的調查。
Last week I made a survey about what to do on the Internet among some students.18% of the students like listening to music.26% of the students often watch movies.13% of the students prefer to do other things.We know we can do a lot of things on the Internet, but 28% of the students often use the Internet to play games.I think playing games is a waste of time.It’s bad for us.We’d better be away from it.We should use the Internet to do some useful things like studying English, searching for information and so on.
第三篇:英語中考備考作文
Two events in 2008
The year 2008 left us too many memories.But two of them are the most unforgettable.First, a big earthquake hit Si Chuan.It caused millions of deaths and destroyed many buildings.The second was the Olympic Games.It was so successful that everyone knew how strong China was!The two events let me know: Life is always filled with pain, frustration, and some other unexpected actions, the key is to change sadness into power.Don't be disappointed cause our strong country is always behind us.After I failed
Failure isn't rare.Everyone has ever failed.My biggest failure was last month's exam.I could hardly believe such low grades!However, I found out the leading reason quickly: I didn't have a good study method.I asked my mum for advice.She told me:“ Review the lessons carefully before you go to bed, recite the text after you get up.” I took them up.Sure enough, I achieved better grades the next week.In fact, failure isn't horrible cause it's the footstone and catalyst of success!
The person I never forget
Deep in my memory, there's a plump woman who I never forget——our Maths teacher.Without smile on her face, she's always strict with us.In fact, under her unfriendly face, there's an extremely friendly heart.Once I failed to work out a problem, I thought I was foolish and wanted to give it up.She encouraged me:“ High IQ doesn't tell the whole story, work harder, you can get good marks as well.”Till now, I still remember it clearly.She is the person I never forget.Things I want to do most
The summer holiday is coming closer and closer.It’s a good chance for me to do what I like.Firstly, I’d like to go swimming with my classmates.Not only to keep me fit, but also to improve the friendship between us.Secondly, I’ll listen to the music to relax myself.In the beautiful music, I can throw off all my worries.Thirdly, I want to read more books.Mum once told me “A person’s character is more important than his appearance” How I wish to do these things at once!
My colorful school life
I study in a beautiful school, and my school life is colorful.Every day, I have nine lessons.During the spare time, I talk about study and share study experience with my classmates.Teachers are friendly to us.They'll teach us patiently if we are confused.However, as the saying goes“ All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” By playing the basketball on P.E lessons, I throw off all my worries and know the importance of team work.Art lessons also make my school life more enjoyable.How I wish not to leave my school!
第四篇:政治中考備考策略
關于初中政治中考復習策略的思考
忙碌而緊張的中考結束了,回顧初中政治中考復習備考過程,中考復習的效果如何?反思一下自己的政治復習備考工作,總結如下:
一、制定計劃要詳實
常言道,不打無準備之仗,復習過程中首先要有一個系統(tǒng)詳實的計劃,我的計劃如下:
1、第一階段復習(3、4月份)教材基礎知識復習階段
這一階段復習要“過四關”
⑴記憶關。必須做到對基礎知識的準確記憶。
⑵對比關。把全冊教材知識按“原因類、意義類、本質類、基礎類、根本類、制度類等類別進行分類訓練,做好對比復習,避免混淆。
⑶系統(tǒng)關。按照全書——單元——課——框的模式建立全冊知識體系,做到知識系統(tǒng)化。
⑷基本技能關。通過習題的訓練掌握基本的答題方法與策略
2、第一階段復習應該注意的幾個問題。
⑴必須扎扎實實地夯實基礎。中考試題按難、中、易為1:2:7的比例,基礎分占總分的70%。中考很多基礎題是課本上的原題或改造、必須深鉆教材、絕不能脫離課本,因此要使每個學生對教材基礎知識都能達到“理解”和“掌握”的要求,在應用基礎知識時能做到熟練、準確。
⑵選擇合適的復習方法,根據(jù)教材內在聯(lián)系分類比較、歸納總結,掌握相互之間的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系。
⑶全面了解學生的基本情況,體現(xiàn)“以學生為主體、以教師為主導、以訓練為主線”,“及時反饋矯正”,“因材施教,分類推進”的原則,緊緊圍繞教材,精心選題,顧全上、中等的學生,課堂教學實行“低起點、快反饋”的方法。
⑷注重思想教育,不斷激發(fā)學生學好政治的自信心,并創(chuàng)造條件,盡量保證有升學希望的學生每節(jié)課有一次回答問題的機會,從而發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,讓學生體驗成功的樂趣。
2、第二階段復習(4月份)時事政治專題階段
(1)中考時事政治的考查方式有兩種,一是選擇題,考查學生對時事政治的了解。二是中考試題中用時事政治出的材料分析題,考查學生用所學的教材觀點分析時事政治的能力。
針對這兩種考查方式,確定這一階段的內容有兩個:其一是純粹的時事政治的學習,時間大約2周。其二是結合教材知識對時事政治進行專題復習,用時也是2周。
(2)第二階段復習時要注意的兩個問題:
⑴針對時事選擇題,采用方式是兩個,一是按時間順序,逐個背誦。這個沒有什么好辦法,只能背,但是教師要對時事政治進行有針對性的講解,讓學生能理解,在理解的基礎上背誦。二是把時事政治按照政治,經濟,軍事,科技與文化,體育,環(huán)境與資源等專題進行分門別類背誦,避免混淆。
⑵針對中考試題中結合時事政治的材料分析題:
要教會學生將社會熱點問題與教材所學的知識點緊密聯(lián)系,把教材所學融入到時事政治。教師主要是提高學生運用教材觀點解答時事政治材料分析題的能力,包括分析材料的方法、思考問題的方法和解答問題的方法。
3、第三階段復習(5月份)教材專題復習,聯(lián)系時事政治建立“熱點知識庫”。
1、本輪復習的內容有兩個,其一是對教材基礎知識進行專題復習,其二是把時事政治融入專題中,建立“熱點知識庫”
2、第三階段復習時要注意的問題:
⑴第三階段復習不再象第一階段以框、課、單元為單位,而是以專題為單位。所以專題的劃分要合理。劃分專題可以遵循以下原則:基本國情→基本路線→基本戰(zhàn)略、國策→基本綱領(經濟、政治、文化、社會)→理想和責任五大模塊。
根據(jù)這一原則,聯(lián)系中考范圍,具體可以這樣來劃分專題:
專題1
認清基本國情,堅持基本路線
專題2
堅持基本國策,實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展
專題3
實施科教興國,提高自主創(chuàng)新能力
專題4
堅持基本經濟制度,實現(xiàn)共同富裕
專題5
堅持基本政治制度,保證人民當家作主
專題6
弘揚民族精神,建設精神文明
專題7
樹立共同理想,建設和諧小康
⑵注重以知識代題和以題代知識相結合。
題是千變成化的,一個知識點,可以從不同的角度來考查,因此我們要盡可能多的給學生列舉出對同一個知識點的不同問法,讓學生見多識廣,避免出現(xiàn)“這道題書上沒答案嘵或張冠李戴”的情況出現(xiàn)。做到以題代知識。
反過來說一個知識點,不管題怎么問,有多少種問法,針對的知識點卻只有一個因此在這個階段的復習中,仍然要注重知識點的理解與識記,做到以知識代題。
⑶注重專題之間的橫向聯(lián)系。各個專題之間不是獨立的,而是存在密切聯(lián)系的,要使學生學會它們之間的橫向聯(lián)系。使學生明確專題之間的橫向聯(lián)系是非常重要的,對于解答綜合考查的材料分析題很有幫助,使學生能從多角度回答問題,把時政融入專題中,以時事政治來促進對專題的理解,同時也能進一步加深對時事政治的理解,提高解答材料分析題的能力。建立“熱點知識庫”。
如:在進行專題2“堅持科教興國戰(zhàn)略,提高自主創(chuàng)新能力”的復習時,可引入以下時事政治:據(jù)有關部門透露,2014的國家科技獎勵特點明顯,中青年人才和海外歸國人員成為科技創(chuàng)業(yè)的重要力量,表明國家實施的人才戰(zhàn)略和鼓勵海外歸國人員為國家發(fā)展作貢獻的政策措施正在發(fā)揮重要作用。
4、第四階段復習(六月份)模擬訓練,考前輔導
1.第四階段復習的形式是模擬中考的綜合拉練,意在提高學生的應變能力,指導學生查清自己在知識掌握方面欠缺的地方,抓緊時間補遺,研究歷年的中考題,訓練答題技巧、考場心態(tài)、臨場發(fā)揮的能力等。
2.第四階段復習應注意的幾個問題:
⑴精心設計各種類型的試題。在復習過程中,教師要縱觀全局,精心設計各種類型的試題。編寫試題首先要選基礎,即通過多練使基礎知識在理解和應用上達到運用自如、熟練、準確、舉一反三。
⑵選取薄弱環(huán)節(jié)訓練。①對學生易出問題的知識點或思想認識不夠的方面強化訓練。練得多了,就化難為易。②要重點訓練邊緣生的失分題目。因為邊緣生的學習情況既有代表性,又是提高班級成績的關鍵。
⑶選類型訓練,要讓學生在訓練的過程中見多識廣,掌握各種類型題的特點和解題方法,訓練他們的應變能力和解決問題的能力。
如:“發(fā)展先進文化的根本任務是什么”,對應的就應是“精神文明建設的根本任務”等。
二、注重基礎找聯(lián)系
中考思想品德雖然是考查學科的重點知識和主干內容,但具體到某個試題,其考查的范圍不會停留在某個具體知識點的考查上,而是突出知識的生活意義和現(xiàn)實價值,強調知識間的相關、相通、相連性,強調對基礎知識、基本理論融會貫通,最后落實到知識的綜合運用上。這就要求學生在復習過程中不能機械的記憶知識點,而要注意對知識的整理,形成完整的知識結構,找聯(lián)系,找線索,從整體上把握知識。具體做法是:按照教材單元章節(jié)順序構建知識體系,便于學生熟悉,掌握教材基本知識,把握課本基本理論,幫助學生理清思路,整體把握。按照中考說明,將教材內容歸納成若干板塊復習,例如:可以按道德教育、法律教育、國情教育三個板塊來歸納復習,雖然難度較大,但針對性較強,效果也比較好。
三、學以致用重實踐
在復習過程中我們要在夯實基礎知識、把握知識之間聯(lián)系的基礎上,體會知識的現(xiàn)實意義,要結合時政和自身的生活實際多層次、多角度的運用知識分析、解決實際問題。近年來中考增加的活動探究類試題,就說明更加注重對學生實踐能力的考查。所以在復習過程中,一定要樹立將教材知識與現(xiàn)實生活聯(lián)系起來的意識,關心國內外大事,關心生活,關心自我成長,讓課本的知識和理論進入實際的生活中,成為生活的一部分。要善于運用教材知識觀察生活、發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,并能認識、分析、評價社會生活,增強生活體驗,豐富生活經歷,實現(xiàn)教材知識與現(xiàn)實生活的交融。尤其要注意教材中活動課的內容和《課程標準》中活動層次的要求,這些內容和要求往往是命題的重點,有條件做到的一定要親自實踐,暫時沒有條件的也要模擬實踐,將活動的目的、主題、思路、方法等內容一一列出,體會生活的意義和過程,以增強解題的能力。
四、把握熱點重專題
反映、體現(xiàn)重大時政和社會熱點、焦點問題是中考思想品德命題的一貫原則,這也是落實理論聯(lián)系實際,體現(xiàn)試題時代性、教育性的要求。近幾年中考試題充分體現(xiàn)了這一點,尤其是非選擇題全部取材于時政熱點,這就啟示我們在復習過程中,不能“兩耳不聞窗外事”,要盡量做到“家事、國事、天下事,事事關心”。要了解黨和國家重大方針政策,定期歸納重大時政,抓住重大熱點問題,將其與教材知識和理論聯(lián)系起來,找出熱點與教材的結合點、聯(lián)系點,形成專題。具體做法是:在復習時,用教材知識去分析、解讀時政熱點,使教材知識活起來;在學習時政熱點時,要分析其體現(xiàn)或包含的教材觀點和原理,將時政熱點落實到教材中。專題性復習既能系統(tǒng)歸納教材知識,加深理解,鞏固所學知識,又能提高運用知識分析、解決實際問題的能力。
五、舉一反三善總結
在復習過程中,一方面要立足教材,夯實基礎知識,另一方面又要適當做一些訓練題,兩者結合才能取得好的復習效果。不論是學習基礎知識,還是做練習,都不能機械死板,要能舉一反三,做到學“活”,練“活”。學“活”,就是要善于對教材內容進行分析總結,找出教材主干知識,抓住有運用價值,與現(xiàn)實生活聯(lián)系緊密的內容作為復習的重點。如科技、人才、教育、環(huán)境、未成年人保護、公民權利與義務、基本路線、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、經濟建設、思想道德建設等。練“活”就是面對大量的練習題、模擬題和各種復習資料,要善于選擇,定期從內容與題型兩方面歸納總結。從內容上分類,就是對相同或相近內容的題放在一起比較,總結答題角度、與現(xiàn)實生活的聯(lián)系點、涉及的內容范圍等;從題型上分類,就是對同一題型進行比較研究,找出共同點??偨Y答題的規(guī)律。
六、加強訓練學方法
通過對測試試卷的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)許多同學丟分,不是因為基礎知識沒有掌握好,而是沒有正確把握答題的方法和技巧,突出表現(xiàn)為:審題能力差,答非所問;表達能力差,答案言不及義,不能正確使用政治概念恰當表述;考慮問題不全面,答案不完整;歸納、概括能力差,答案照抄照搬教材。要掌握正確的答題方法,就要加強有針對性的訓練,在訓練時要注意以下幾點:
(1)仔細閱讀材料,提取關鍵詞和有效信息,找準答題角度。(2)注意把握解題思路,對于同一材料、同一知識點要從多角度、多層次進行思考。除了試題本身的設問角度外,還可以嘗試從其他角度設問,并自己回答。(3)對重點題和典型題進行練后評析,分析失誤之處,進行糾錯,完善答案。(4)對往年中考試題進行分析也是必要的,自己先試著作答,然后對照原答案調整自己的思路,從中得到啟發(fā)。⑸掌握考試的基本方法,要注意不要對材料不加分析,亂寫一氣,導致答非所問的情況。
第五篇:中考語文備考策略
把握考試方向,科學有序訓練 ——中考語文復習策略
學生語文能力的形成立足于長期的積累和實踐,但中考前夕的科學指導對考生答題的積極意義也是不容忽視的。如何在復習過程中加強實效性,關鍵在于教師能否運籌帷幄,刪繁就簡,使學生“溫故”的基礎上舉一反三,在“知新”的基礎上實現(xiàn)更完整更深入的理解與感悟。
一.學習和研究《考試說明》
語文復習的全過程,可以說是透徹理解和全面落實《考試說明》的過程,把知識點從整體上重新梳理一下,在復習中加強針對性的專題訓練,并不斷的歸納、領會、運用??朔土暤拿つ啃院碗S意性,力求使復習更具針對性和有效性。同時,注意研究各地中考試題,拓寬學生探究思路。引導學生多層次、多側面、多角度,從點到面,從整體到局部地拓寬探究問題的思路,進一步提高學生的感悟能力。中考試題具有一定的導向功能,教師要注意研究每類試題的設計特點,評分標準,努力使平日的教學設計、訓練評價以及語文活動與試卷的要求、試題的特點、評價的標準一致起來。通過學習,不但要提高學生的語文能力,而且還要在考試中取得好成績。
二.精練習,夯實復習內容
練習題是學生掌握知識的載體,材料質量是保證復習效益和質量的最基本的前提和最根本的保證。時間對于初三學生尤其寶貴,教師要精選習題,保證習題的數(shù)量和質量,不搞無謂的重復。特別是記敘文、議論文、說明文,最有效的訓練手段應該能夠引起學生的有意注意,站到更高的角度去審視習題的特點和規(guī)律,使學生收獲的不只是關于一篇練習的體會,而是一種答題的方法和思想??梢栽谟柧毿碌闹R點的同時,對舊知識、舊方法進行穿插式的回顧練習。復習中注意總結規(guī)律方法,舉一反三,選題注意前掛后連,循環(huán)訓練,循環(huán)強化,從而夯實復習內容,保證訓練的效率。
三.文言文字字落實,注重方法
通過多次考試,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)文言文翻譯仍是弱項,暴露出很多問題,如沒有字字落實的意識,關鍵詞翻譯不準,失分嚴重。我們應明確一個原則:直譯為主,意譯為輔。要求學生作到字字落實,忠實原文,在確實無法直譯時,才酌情采用意譯手段。注意對重點課文的反復誦讀與識記,重點詞語反復訓練。(有的高中學校采用自助餐的方式,讓學生每天翻譯一小段,或兩三個句子,強化翻譯意識,提高翻譯能力)七到九年級的文言文要越讀越熟,至少要復習2-3遍,一遍的復習周期要越來越短。同時加大課外文言文的訓練誦讀與練習,這一點可穿插其中,課內與課外循環(huán)往復,螺旋式上升。
四.要反扣課本
由于復習時間跨度較長,歷時2--3月之久。一般而言,學生對課本重點內容的遺忘會比較嚴重。詞語、詩文名句、文學常識、文言實、虛詞的意義、名著閱讀等內容同樣需要穿插復習。教師定期檢查,保證課本內的知識不能丟分,做到滴水不漏。但仍要注意時間分配,不能在課本里跳不出來。
五.學生表述要規(guī)范
學生語言表述規(guī)范,不僅有利于在人群中的交流與溝通,而且答題也能充分反映出自己真實的語文能力,提高考試的成績。在教學中要注意培養(yǎng)學生良好的語言表述習慣,引導學生回答問題要注意語氣適中,相互承接,主次分明,先后準確,文通句順,言簡意賅。
六.加強作文教學
寫作是一項綜合性很強的語文實踐活動,是語文的半壁江山,僅靠每學期8篇大作文,是難以提高學生作文成績的。要加強學生的寫作訓練,如寫小作文、周記(日記)、調查(訪問)記等;調動學生的寫作興趣,激發(fā)學生的寫作熱情;要加強指導,加強各類文體的寫作指導,加強審題的指導,加強選材的指導,加強布局謀篇的指導,加強寫作方法的指導,加強語言運用的指導,加強作文修改的指導;對各種文體進行適度訓練,不要考什么文體就練什么文體,不考的不練,造成學生寫作缺失,要以記敘文訓練為主兼寫其它文體;要增加學生的寫作樣式,如:縮寫、擴寫、續(xù)寫、插寫、改寫,整篇練習、片段練習、仿句練習等;要走出“淡化文體”的誤區(qū)。作文教學過程中不要被單一的文體要求,擠壓了學生的思維的空間,給學生以自由選擇文體的權利,更好地挖掘學生的寫作潛力。
1.強化語言關,努力凸現(xiàn)文章的視覺效果
綜觀幾十年的考場作文,高分作文無不是語言暢通、文采飛揚的。要求學生體現(xiàn)“六個一”:擬好一個題目、寫好第一段、寫一組排比句、引用一句名言名句、寫一個好結尾,寫一副好卷面。注重文章的整體性,好題目,好開頭、好例子、好段落、好結尾,議論文要盡早提出觀點,觀點鮮明,行文中要有意識的多扣題,關鍵詞要不斷出現(xiàn),不亂編故事,不對原材料簡單擴寫或仿寫,答題要規(guī)范,慎重下筆??紙鲎魑拈喚斫處熎骄?分鐘閱一篇作文,所以作文絕對不能饒彎彎,不能搞含蓄,作文開頭第一段、第二段考生就要把看家本領拿出來,讓閱卷教師剛看就叫好,有許多尖子生作文考不過普通生,原因就是沒有做到一開頭就切入主題,打個比方,作文不是“碧螺春”漫漫品,而是“二鍋頭”,看第一眼就有強烈的刺激反映。
2. 限時寫作,加大考場作文訓練力度
讓學生在考試中寫出好文章,因此要調動學生進入競技狀態(tài),限時寫作,注意訓練學生審題、立意、選材、腹中成篇的思維活動。備考訓練時,引導學生要耐住性子,不要心浮氣躁,糾正沒想好就寫、邊寫邊改的不良習慣。(作文速度,45分鐘—50分鐘必須寫完作文,須達到650字以上,若時間不足,應教會學生學會結尾,力求結構完整。)
中考復習最忌心浮氣躁,急于求成。指導復習的教師,應給學生一種樂觀、鎮(zhèn)定、自信的精神面貌。要扎扎實實地復習,一步一步地前進,合理而充分地利用時間,使學生輕松、自信地去摘取中考勝利的豐碩果實。