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      名詞冠詞高考題專練

      時間:2019-05-12 19:54:39下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《名詞冠詞高考題專練》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《名詞冠詞高考題專練》。

      第一篇:名詞冠詞高考題專練

      淮安市新馬高級中學(xué)2013屆高三英語語法復(fù)習(xí)講義

      名詞冠詞

      1.名詞主要考查的知識點:

      (1)名詞的詞義辨析

      (2)可數(shù)名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)變化形式

      (3)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)

      (4)名詞所有格

      (5)名詞作定語

      2.冠詞主要考查的知識點:

      (1)定冠詞的用法

      (2)不定冠詞的基本用法。

      (3)零冠詞的用法

      (4)用冠詞與不用冠詞的特定情況

      (5)冠詞的幾個特殊位置

      2007年高考題

      1.(2007北京卷)I looked under ______ bed and found _______ book I lost last week.A.the;aB.the: theC.不填;theD.the;不填

      2.(2007福建卷)—How about __________ Christmas evening party?

      —I should say it was __________ success.A.a;aB.The;aC.a;不填D.the;不填

      3.(2007湖南卷)Polar bears live mostly on __________ sea ice, which they use as __________ platform for hunting seals.A.a;aB.a;theC.不填;aD.the;不填

      4.(2007江蘇卷)We have every reason to believe that __________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be __________ success.A.不填;aB.the;不填C.the;aD.a;a

      5.(2007江西卷)Many people have come to realize that they should go on ________ balanced diet and make ________ room in their day for exercise.A.a;不填B.the;aC.the;theD.不填;a

      6.(2007全國II)—Could you tell me the way to __________ Johnsons, please?

      —Sorry, we don’t have __________ Johnson here in the village.A.the;theB.the;aC.不填;theD.the;不填

      7.(2007山東卷)_______ walk is expected to last all day, so bring __________ packed lunch.A.A;aB.The;不填C.The;aD.A;不填

      8.(2007陜西卷)In __________ film Cast Away.Tom Hanks plays __________ man named Chuck Noland.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a

      9.(2007四川卷)How about taking __________ short break? I want to make __________ call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a

      10.(2007天津卷)I wanted to catch __________ early train, but couldn’t get __________ ride to the station.A.an, theB.不填, theC.an, 不填D.the, a

      2008年高考題

      1.(2008安徽)To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _____”.A.SkyB.LifeC.ArtsD.Voices

      2.(2008福建)What's the ____ of having a public open space where you can't eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?

      A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion

      3.(2008湖北)The young man made a ______to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution

      4.(2008湖北)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_____.A.atmosphereB.stateC.situationD.phenomenon

      5.(2008江西)---Shall we go out for a walk?

      ---Sorry.This is not the right ____ to invite me.I am too tired to walk.A.momentB.situationC.placeD.chance

      6.(2008山東)I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real ____.A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business

      7.(2008天津)Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students ____ financial aid.A.in favour ofB.in honour ofC.in face ofD.in need of

      8.(2008天津)Most air pollution is caused by the burning of ___ like coal, gas and oil.A.fuelsB.articlesC.goodsD.products

      9.(2008天津)At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _____.A.out of sightB.out of reachC.out of orderD.out of place

      10.(2008浙江)Dogs have a very good ______ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A.senseB.viewC.meansD.idea

      2009年高考題

      1.(09安徽)We can never expect _____bluer sky unless we create ______less polluted world.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the

      2.(09北京)The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ____ 9-story building.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a

      3.(09江西)Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a

      4.(09海南)Let’s go to_______cinema-that’ll take your mind off the problem for

      ________while

      A.the;theB.the;aC.a;theD.a;a

      5.(09陜西)What________pity that you couldn’t be there to receive_________prize!

      A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the

      6.(09四川)In order to find _____ better job, he decided to study ______second foreign language.A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the

      7.(09浙江)I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got ______ rough idea of _____ project plan.A.the;aB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the

      8.(09重慶)Washing machines made by China have won______worldwide attention and Haier has become________popular name.A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a

      9.(09全國2)What I need is_______book that contains_______ABC of oil painting.A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the

      2010年高考題

      1.(10福建21)It’s ________ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them __________ pleasure.A.不填, aB.a, 不填C.the, aD.a, the

      2.(10山東22)If we sit near ______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.A.不填; theB.不填;aC.the;aD.the;the

      3.(10江蘇21)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.A.不填; aB.不填;theC.the; aD.the; the

      4.(10遼寧22)There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the

      5.(10北京35)First impressions are the most lasting.After all, you never get _______ second chance to make _______ first impression.A.a;theB.the;theC.a;aD.the;a

      6.(10重慶27)Everything comes with_______price;there is no such_______thing as free lunch in the world.A.a, aB.the, /C.the, aD.a, /

      7.(10浙江2)Many lifestyle patterns do such _______great harm to health that they actually speed up ________weakening of the human body.A.a;/B./;theC.a;theD./;/

      8.(10四川2)In ______most countries, a university degree can give you _____flying start in life.A.the;aB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a

      2011年高考題

      1.(2011?全國II)As he reached _____front door, Jack saw ______strange sight.A.the;不填B.a;theC.不填aD.the;a

      2.(2011?陜西卷)As is know to all, _______People’s Republic of China is______ Biggest developing country in the world.A.the;不填B.不填 ;theC.the ;theD.不填;不填

      3.(2011?四川卷)Dr.Peter Spemce, ________headmaster of the school,told us, _______fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.A.不填;AB.不填;TheC.the;TheD.a;A

      4.(2011?江西卷)------It’s said John will be in a job paying over 860,00 _____ year

      -----also get paid by _____ week.A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a

      5.(2011?全國新課標(biāo)卷)It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;不填

      6.(2011?浙江卷)Experts think that ____recently discovered painting may be _____ Picasso.A.the.不填B.a;theC.a;不填D.the;a

      7.(2011?山東卷)Take your time-it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.A.不填;theB.a;theC.the;aD.不填;a

      8.(2011?重慶卷)In communication, a smile is usually ___________ strong sign of a friendly and _______ open attitude.A.the, /B.a, anC.a, /D.the, an

      2012年高考題

      1.【2012江西卷】The Smiths don’t usually stay at few days at a very nice hotel by ________ sea.A./;a B.the;the C./;theD.the;a

      2.【2012浙江卷】 _________________ The development of industry has been_______ gradual process throughout _______ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A.不填, theB.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a

      3.【2012安徽卷】Carl is studyingfood science at college and hopes to open upmeatprocessing factory of his own one day.A./ ; aB./ ;theC.the;aD.the;the

      4.【2012重慶卷】Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take ____ place of George.A./,/B.the,/C the theD./, the

      5.【2012遼寧卷】 I woke up with bad headache, yet byevening the pain had gone.A.the;theB.the;anC.a;theD.a;an

      6.【2012全國新課程】 A.不填;aB.a;theC.the;不填D.the;a

      7.【2012山東卷】 Being able to afford _____ drink would be ______comfort in those tough times.A.the;theB.a;aC.a;不填D.不填;a

      第二篇:英語語法---名詞、代詞和冠詞

      英語語法---冠詞 冠詞基本用法 【速記口訣】

      名詞是禿子,常要戴帽子,可數(shù)名詞單,須用a或an,輔音前用a,an在元音前,若為特指時,則須用定冠,復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù),泛指the不見,碰到代詞時,冠詞均不現(xiàn)。【妙語詮釋】

      冠詞是中考必考的語法知識之一,也是中考考查的主要對象。以上口訣包括的意思有:①名詞在一般情況下不單用,常常要和冠詞連用;②表示不確指的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前要用不定冠詞a或an,確指時要用定冠詞the;③如復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指,名詞前有this,these,my,some等時就不用冠詞。英語語法---名詞

      (一)可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成 A.規(guī)則變化 1.單詞后加S 2.單詞后加ES(以CH等結(jié)尾的單詞)3.以F或FE結(jié)尾,變?yōu)閂E加S B.不規(guī)則變化

      1.單復(fù)同形

      deer sheep

      fish

      Chinese

      Japanese

      means 2.只有復(fù)數(shù)形式

      people

      police

      cattl

      clothes

      trousers,glasses 3.不規(guī)則變化

      man----men

      woman----women

      foot-----feet

      tooth-----teeth mouse------mice

      child-----children

      German------Germans 4.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù) 1)將后一部分變成復(fù)數(shù)

      Englishman---Englishmen gentleman---gentlemen policewoman----policewomen 2)將主要成分變成復(fù)數(shù)

      looker-on----lookers-on

      son-in-law----sons-in-law

      3)如果前一詞是man, woman,將兩部分都變成復(fù)數(shù) men doctors

      women 小結(jié)

      grown-up----grown-ups

      名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則 【速記口訣】

      單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù),規(guī)則要記住,一般加s,特殊有幾處: 【妙語詮釋】

      ①大部分單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)要加s,也就是單詞如果以ch,sh,s,x等結(jié)尾),則一般加es;②以o結(jié)尾的單詞除了兩人(negro,hero)兩菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞一般是把f,fe變?yōu)関e再加s;④英語中還有些單詞沒有規(guī)則,需要特殊記憶,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox— oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。

      (二)名詞所有格

      1.表示有生命的東西的名詞,所有格在名詞后加’s Mr Li’s house

      The cat’s food

      James’ dog

      The dogs’ food 2.表示無生命的東西的名詞,用of+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示 The leg of the desk

      the cover of the magazine 3.在時間,距離,度量,價值等名詞后,可用名詞所有格。Two months’ time

      Today’s newspaper

      fifty pounds’ weight 4.表示店鋪或某人的家時,常在所有格后省去shop, home.The doctor’s

      the tailor’s

      my uncle’s

      the barber’s 5.名詞前有冠詞,數(shù)詞,不定代詞或指示代詞時,用of詞組+所有格表示 a friend of John’s

      that bike of Tom’s 6.某樣?xùn)|西為兩人或多人共有,在后一個名詞尾+’s.Jane and Fred’s mother

      Jane’s and Fred’s mother Tom and Tim’s car

      Tom’s and Tim’s car 小結(jié)

      名詞所有格用法 【速記口訣】

      名詞所有格,表物是“誰的”,若為生命詞,加“’s”即可行,詞尾有s,僅把逗號擇;并列名詞后,各自和共有,前者分別加,后者最后加;若為無生命詞,of所有格,前后須倒置,此是硬規(guī)則?!久钫Z詮釋】

      ①有生命的名詞所有格一般加s,但如果名詞以s結(jié)尾,則只加“’”;②并列名詞所有格表示各自所有時,分別加“’s”,如果是共有,則只在最后名詞加 “’s”;③如果是無生命的名詞則用of表示所有格,這里需要注意它們的順序與漢語不同,A of B要翻譯為B的A(三)主謂一致

      主語是復(fù)數(shù),謂語用復(fù)數(shù),主語是單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù)。He is a student.We are students.1

      and 連接兩個名詞,看有無the.The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.2

      主語單數(shù)+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+謂語單數(shù)

      主語復(fù)數(shù)+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+謂語復(fù)數(shù) A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.3.有些名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式作為一個整體,(如度量,距離,金額,時間,書名等)其謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Two weeks ___(be)not enough to finish the work.1000 dollars ___(be)a large amount of money.4.There be 句型就近原則。

      There ____ a pair of glasses on the desk.There ____ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.5.某些集體名詞,如family ,team 等做主語時,若當(dāng)一個整體看,謂語動詞就用單數(shù),若就其中一個一個成員來看,謂語動詞就用復(fù)數(shù),class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也類似

      His family _____(be)a happy family.All the world ________(be)waiting for the good news.6.成雙成對構(gòu)成的東西,如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但與a pair一起構(gòu)成作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。

      7.each , every+名詞,謂語用單數(shù)。

      Each boy and girl ________(want)to serve the people in the future.8.以 either …or , neither …nor , not only … but also,not…but…等連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)按照就近原則。

      Either you or he ______(be)to go.Not only he but also I ______(be)wrong.9.…幾分之幾/。。百分之幾+of +名詞單數(shù) + 謂語單數(shù)

      …幾分之幾/。。百分之幾+of +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + 謂語復(fù)數(shù) Three-fifths of money _____(have)been used up.10.…one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +謂語復(fù)數(shù)

      …the only/the very one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 +謂語單數(shù) He is one of the boys that have passed the maths test.

      第三篇:名詞與冠詞練習(xí)答案

      專題一名詞與冠詞

      1.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:布朗先生覺得要改善他的計劃,汲取一下工人的評論是一個很不錯的主意。comment評論,解釋;requirement 必需品;summary 總結(jié);connection連接,均不符合題意。

      2.解析:選B??疾楣谠~的用法。句意為:中國從2008年金融風(fēng)暴中能學(xué)到什么,已經(jīng)成為我們的熱點話題。在the 2008 financial storm中,the修飾storm, 表示特指;a hot topic 一個熱點話題,表示范指。

      3.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:網(wǎng)上沖浪的挑戰(zhàn)在于你如何能判斷網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的信息是正確的還是錯誤的。從表語的內(nèi)容可判斷出,選challenge 挑戰(zhàn)。ability 能力;competition 競賽;knowledge 知識,均不符合題意。

      4.解析:選C??疾楣谠~的用法。從句中“一輛漂亮的車”和“一輛人人都喜歡的車”這兩個含義都應(yīng)用不定冠詞,表示泛指。

      5.解析:選A??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:那個巨大的半獅半魚的噴水塑像名叫“魚尾獅”,是新加坡的象征。故選A。sign 跡象;手勢;signal 信號;scene場景,場面。

      6.解析:選D??疾楣谠~的用法。句意為:當(dāng)有消息傳來說他因為超速被禁駕時,他困惑不解。at a loss 困惑不解,word單獨使用時意為“消息”,相當(dāng)于news。

      7.解析:選D。考查冠詞的用法。句意為:在中國,汽車正在成為一種流行的交通工具。the car表示類指,它從是“車”而不是別的什么的角度說的類指概念。a means of一種方式。

      8.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:中央新聞大廈發(fā)生的大火引起了人們對在城市燃放鞭炮的關(guān)注。故選C。attention 注意,多指全神貫注;expectation 期盼,盼望;standard 標(biāo)準(zhǔn);concern擔(dān)心;憂慮;關(guān)注。

      9.解析:選B??疾槊~詞義辨析。從句意提醒對方不要忘了交報道,可知此處應(yīng)指上交報道的最后期限,故選deadline。summary 總結(jié);regulation 規(guī)則,管理;agreement 同意。

      10.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:這對雙胞胎雖然個性不同但在音樂方面的趣味相同。故選taste。

      11.解析:選B。考查不可數(shù)名詞的具體化用法。a drink指在長頸鹿喝水時,表示一次飲水,故選a;第二空的water是特指,故用the。

      12.解析:選D??疾槊~詞義辨析。由語境可知,此處指人類的語言,而語言是人類說的,因此用voices。故選D。

      13.解析:選B。考查冠詞的用法。根據(jù)語境判斷,對方已經(jīng)遲到,原因是交通擁擠和遇上了大雨。這是造成遲到的兩種情況,因此都是特指概念,前面需加定冠詞。

      14.解析:選D。the Internet因特網(wǎng),為固定搭配;as a resource作為一種資源,此處用a表示泛指。

      15.解析:選A??疾楣谠~的用法。根據(jù)語境判斷,落在他頭上的蘋果并非特指,因此前面用不定冠詞; 后面是冠詞的固定用法,表示“打在身體部位的名詞”前,應(yīng)該用定冠詞。

      16.解析:選B??疾楣谠~的用法。by sea經(jīng)海路,是固定用法,相當(dāng)于by ship, 名詞前不加定冠詞,后面的大陸是特指概念,因此用定冠詞。

      17.解析:選A??疾槊~詞義辨析。由句意可知,說話人在抱怨一個公共場所,不能在里面吃飯、喝酒和逗留,這樣的場所有什么意義,因此用sense。opinion意見,觀點,一般與人搭配;case 情形,情況,都不符合題意。

      18.解析:選B??疾樵~義辨析。根據(jù)語境判斷,“我”買的裙子很便宜,因此用bargain, 意為“便宜貨”。exchange 交換;trade 貿(mào)易;business 商業(yè),均不符合題意。

      19.解析:選B??疾槊~辨析。句意為:這位年輕人向他父母許下諾言,畢業(yè)后要獨立生活。因此用promise。make a promise 許下諾言,是固定搭配。

      20.解析:選B。考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,Kelly向我描述旅行的情況。explanation 解釋;imagination 想象,想象力;idea注意,念頭。account一般表示“賬目,賬戶”,但還可以表示“記述,描述”,相當(dāng)于description。

      21.解析:選C。be in trouble處于困境中;句中trouble為泛指,不用冠詞;

      lose(one’s)heart為固定搭配,表示“失去信心”,heart前不用冠詞。

      22.解析:選A。2010年上海世博會為特指,前面用the;抽象名詞honour單純表示一種概念時是不可數(shù)名詞,但與a(an)連用時,抽象名詞具體化,就成為可數(shù)名詞。

      23.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:——只要你在比賽中拿到第一名,你就能得到一部蘋果手機?!@是承諾嗎?我希望別讓我失望。trick詭計,欺騙;decision決定;決心;promise諾言,約定;goal目標(biāo)。

      24.解析:選C??疾槊~詞義辨析。句意為:到現(xiàn)在為止,我還沒有適應(yīng)東京快節(jié)奏的現(xiàn)代生活方式。step步驟;style風(fēng)格;pace步伐;步調(diào);manner方式,風(fēng)格。

      25.解析:選B。amusement的讀音是以元音開頭的,且后面的park為單數(shù)形式,故用an。

      第四篇:名詞 冠詞考點講解

      2012高考總復(fù)習(xí)(15):名詞、冠詞考點透析與精煉考試要求:

      對名詞、冠詞的考查,在每年高考都有涉及,是高考大綱語法部分的重要內(nèi)容。不但在單項選擇部分對這兩類詞有直接考查,在其他各大題型尤其是書面表達(dá)題型也涉及名詞、代詞的運用。近年高考加大了對名詞詞義辨析的考查,但是考生丟分往往很多。本篇資源主要對名詞冠詞的考點和易錯點進(jìn)行歸納,并給同學(xué)們提供一些精選的練習(xí)。知識總結(jié): 名詞考點主要集中在下列方面:

      一、名詞的辨析,包括同義詞、近義詞、形似義異的名詞辨析。

      這類題主要考查名詞同義詞、近義詞的辨析,詞形相似而意義相異的名詞辨析,這些名詞可能有相同的前綴或后綴,甚至有相同或相近的詞干。這就要求在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中,必須要重視詞義及詞義辨析,收集大量的語言實例,反復(fù)記憶,用心領(lǐng)悟,掌握好名詞近義詞之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。另外做題時還要充分注意語境的具體要求。

      同義詞:選項中的幾個名詞意思大致相同,但是各個詞之間有著細(xì)微差別或者在用法上完全不同。

      近義詞: 選項中幾個詞意義不同,但比較接近。

      形似義異名詞:選項中幾個詞在拼寫上有類似之處,這類詞在意義上往往差別較大。

      二、名詞的搭配:名詞與介詞的搭配、名詞與動詞的搭配、名詞的慣用法。

      這類題主要考查名詞與介詞的搭配,以及動詞與名詞的搭配關(guān)系等。這些搭配主要是依據(jù)語法和慣用法,由于沒有任何規(guī)律可言。同學(xué)們在平時的復(fù)習(xí)中對一些常用名詞的搭配要注意積累與總結(jié)歸納。

      三、語境

      詞的語境指的是詞語在特定語境中的含義、感情色彩和表達(dá)作用。要理解詞語的語境意義,讀懂句子是關(guān)鍵,當(dāng)然要進(jìn)行聯(lián)系、比較和體會。這類題是名詞考查的一個趨勢,現(xiàn)在越來越多的考題屬于這種情況。

      四、名詞的轉(zhuǎn)義:把抽象意義轉(zhuǎn)化為具體意義,因而賦予其可數(shù)功能;把具體意義的名詞抽象化。

      轉(zhuǎn)義名詞主要分為兩類:把抽象意義的名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為具體意義,因而賦予其可數(shù)功能;把具體意義的名詞抽象化,從而賦予其不可數(shù)性。

      抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體:pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意為“??的人/ 物”。如:The meeting is a success.抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體:worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等,指“一種”、“一場”及“多種”、“多場”時,有其單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:There have been strong winds over the last two months.抽象轉(zhuǎn)具體:a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of,a matter of等已形成固定形式。如:He has a good practical knowledge of computer science.具體轉(zhuǎn)抽象:school, college, hospital, court, prison, bed, table, church等,用心 愛心 專心

      1都是可數(shù)名詞,可以有具體的意義,如a school, three schools。但go to school, go to church中的名詞為抽象名詞。

      具體轉(zhuǎn)抽象:day, night, morning, noon, evening, night等用指天色時,表達(dá)抽象概念(注意其前不用冠詞)。如:Day may break now, for the birds are singing outside.冠詞考點主要集中在下列方面:

      近年高考重點考查冠詞的基本用法,尤其在冠詞表示泛指、特指方面考查較多;對冠詞的習(xí)慣用法的考查也是高考的熱點之一;冠詞的靈活運用是高考的難點之一。同學(xué)們在備考的過程中一定要重點掌握和理解冠詞的基本用法,例如泛指、特指、類指、專指等用法。當(dāng)然要特別注意在具體的語境中體會冠詞的用法。

      一、序數(shù)詞前冠詞的使用

      強調(diào)順序時用定冠詞;當(dāng)不強調(diào)順序,而是表示“又,還,再”時用不定冠詞。

      二、school, bed等前面冠詞的使用

      像bed, table, class, school, college, church, hospital, prison等名詞,在指這些家具、建筑或場所本身時用冠詞,但若抽象地指它們所具有的作用或功能時,則不用冠詞,此時多用于go to或者be in / at之后。

      三、專有名詞前的冠詞使用

      一般不用冠詞,如John, China等。但以下幾種情況用冠詞:

      1.“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”表示“某某夫婦”或“姓某的一家人”;

      2.“a(n)+人名”表示“??式的人物”或“有一個名叫??的人”,如He is a Lei Feng.(他是一

      個雷鋒式的人物。)A Smith is waiting for you at the school gate.(有一個叫史密斯的人在門口等你。)。

      3.由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前通常要加the,如the Summer Palace, the United Nations。但若是

      在“專有名詞(人名或地名)+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的專有名詞前不用冠詞,如Beijing University,Yale University。

      4.表示特指時專有名詞前也可能用the,如the Gorge of China(中國的高爾基),the China of the

      1960s(20世紀(jì)60年代的中國),the Smith you’re looking for(你在找的那個史密斯)。

      四、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前冠詞的使用

      一般不用冠詞,如We all need water.(我們都需要水。)但是下列情況要用冠詞:

      1.特指時要加the;

      2.有的抽象名詞具體化后,前面要加不定冠詞,如a surprise一件預(yù)料之外的事,a pity / shame(一

      件令人遺憾的事), a success(一件成功的事或一個成功的人),a pleasure(一件快樂的事),a time(一段時間)。

      3.不定冠詞可在coffee, tea, beer, drink等物質(zhì)名詞前表示“一杯 / 罐 / 瓶”。如I’d like a tea(=a cup of tea), please.我要來杯茶。

      五、表示三餐的名詞前的冠詞使用

      breakfast, lunch, supper等前一般不用冠詞,但若受形容詞修飾時用a / an;特指時要用the。如a good lunch(豐盛的午餐)How do you like the lunch? 你覺得這頓午餐怎么樣?

      六、play后的樂器和球類名詞的冠詞使用

      play后接西洋樂器名詞時,要加定冠詞。但像erhu(二胡)之類的漢語拼音的中國民樂名稱前就不用冠詞;play后面接球、棋、牌等之類的名詞前也不用冠詞,如play football / chess / bridge踢足球 / 下棋 / 打橋牌。

      七、表示季節(jié)、月份、星期的名詞前的冠詞使用

      一般不用冠詞,但特指時用the;受形容詞修飾表示具有某種特點時可用a / an。如the spring of 1998(1998年的春天),a hard winter(一個嚴(yán)寒的冬天)。

      八、表示節(jié)日的名詞前的冠詞使用

      含有day的節(jié)日前一般不用冠詞,如May Day, New Year’s day, Christmas Day, April Fool’s Day, Mother’s Day等;但僅中國才有的傳習(xí)統(tǒng)節(jié)日名稱前常用the,如the Spring Festival(春節(jié)), the Mid-autumn Festival(中秋節(jié))。

      九、有后置定語的名詞前的冠詞使用

      特指某人或某物時用the;但若指一類事物時用a / an。如:

      I’d like to buy a present that is useful but not expensive.我想買一件價格不貴但又有用的那樣一類禮物。

      十、兩個并列名詞前冠詞的使用

      指同一人、物或同一概念時,第二個名詞前不用冠詞,如a teacher and writer(一位教師兼作家),a horse and cart(一輛馬車),a knife and fork(一付刀叉);但若是指兩個人時,第二個名詞前一般也要加冠詞,如a man and a woman(一個男人和一個女人)。易錯點點撥:

      1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的特殊形式

      child——children, foot——feet, man——men, mouse——mice,stomach——stomachs, tooth——teeth, woman——women, sheep——sheep,deer——deer, Chinese——Chinese, a man doctor——men doctors,a woman doctor——women doctors, looker-on——lookers-on,grown-up——grown-ups

      誤:There are many woman teachers in my school.正:There are many women teachers in my school.2.??疾豢蓴?shù)名詞

      advice, baggage, equipment, information, luggage, furniture, fun, weather,knowledge, jewelry, progress

      誤:What a fine weather it is!

      正:What fine weather it is!

      3.可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可,但意思不同

      experience 經(jīng)歷(可數(shù));經(jīng)驗(不可數(shù))

      room 房間(可數(shù));空間(不可數(shù))

      exercise 練習(xí)(可數(shù));鍛煉、運動(不可數(shù))

      誤:Visiting the Great Wall is unforgettable experience to me.正:Visiting the Great Wall is an unforgettable experience to me.4.只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的有:

      few, a few, many, a great/good many, a large number of?

      誤:There is a large number of water in the hole.正:There is a great deal of water in the hole.5.只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有:

      little, a little, much, a large amount of, a great/good deal of?

      誤:There are a great deal of people living there.正:There are a good many people living there.6.只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞有:

      trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks, congratulations, belongings?誤:A pair of trousers are hanging over there.正:A pair of trousers is hanging over there.8.復(fù)數(shù)形式,單數(shù)意思的有:

      plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics?

      誤:The news are exciting.正:The news is exciting.9.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

      girl friends, boy students, women teachers, men workers, passers-by, go-betweens, grown-ups

      誤:There're many boys students in my class.正:There're many boy students in my class.10.名詞做主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

      police, cattle, clothes, goods

      誤:Cattle sells well at that market.正:Cattle sell well at that market.11.幾個應(yīng)該特殊注意的名詞。

      people(民族,人); village(村莊,村民);man(男人,人類);youth(年輕人,青年男子,青春)

      第五篇:01013月8日高考題專題練

      蘊才輔導(dǎo)中心2014年高考二輪專題專用講義4月20日

      班級:高考科目:數(shù)學(xué)(專題1)姓名:付晗1.下列有關(guān)命題的說法正確的是()

      A.命題“若x2=1,則x=1的否命題為”若“x2=1,則x≠1” B.“x=-1”是“x2-5x-6=0的必要不充分條件”

      C.命題“?x∈R,使得x2+x+1<0”的否定是:“?x∈R均有x2+x+1<0” D.命題“若x=y(tǒng),則sin x=sin y”的逆否命題為真命題

      2.設(shè)集合A={x|x≤1},B={x|x≥a},則“A∪B=R”是“a =1”的條件.(從如下四個中選一個正確的填寫:充要條件、充分不必要條件、必要不充分條件、既不充分也不必要條件)

      .函數(shù)f(x)=1

      log2(2x-1)的定義域是________ 1-x

      .?

      2-?1?x,x≤0,4.(2012·沈陽模擬)已知直線y=mx(m∈R)與函數(shù)f(x)=?2

      ?2x2

      +1,x>0的圖像恰有

      3個不同的公共點,則實數(shù)m的取值范圍是________.

      5.(2012·金華模擬)已知函數(shù)y=f(x)是偶函數(shù),當(dāng)x>0時,f(x)=x+4,且當(dāng)

      x

      x ∈[-3,-2]時,n≤f(x)≤m恒成立,則m-n的最小值是________.

      6.已知函數(shù)f(x)=x3-3x,若過點A(0,16)且與曲線y=f(x)相切的直線方程為 y=ax+16,則實數(shù)a的值是()

      A.-3B.3C.6D.9

      7.定義域為(-∞,0)∪(0,+∞)的偶函數(shù)f(x)在區(qū)間(0,+∞)上的圖像如圖所示,則不等式f(x)f′(x)>0的解集是()

      A.(-∞,0)∪(0,1)B.(-1,0)∪(1,+∞)C.(-∞,-1)∪(1,+∞)D.(-1,0)∪(0,1)

      8.(2012·

      南京模擬)已知函數(shù)f(x)=-x3+ax2+b(a,b∈R)(1)要使f(x)在(0,2)上單調(diào)遞增,試求a的取值范圍;

      (2)當(dāng)a<0時,若函數(shù)滿足y極大=1,y極小=-3,試求y=f(x)的解析式;(3)當(dāng)x∈(0,1]時,y=f(x)圖像上任意一點處的切線的傾斜角為θ,且

      0≤θ≤π

      4,求a的取值范圍.

      9.(2012·湖北100所重點中學(xué)聯(lián)考)某電視生產(chǎn)企業(yè)有A、B兩種型號 的電視機參加家電下鄉(xiāng)活動.若企業(yè)投放A、B兩種型號電視機的價值分

      別為a、b萬元,則農(nóng)民購買電視機獲得的補貼分別為

      110、mln(b+1)(m>0,且m為常數(shù))萬元.已知該企業(yè)投放總價值為10萬元的A、B兩種型號的電視機,且A、B兩種型號的投放金額都不低于1萬元.(1)設(shè)投放

      B型電視機的金額為x萬元,將這次活動中農(nóng)民得到的總補貼 表示為它的函數(shù),并求其定義域;

      (2)當(dāng)投放B型電視機的金額為多少萬元時,農(nóng)民得到的總補貼最大?

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