第一篇:英語寫作技巧
英語寫作技巧
(一)掌握技巧:
(1)注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu),合理布局
開始部分(opening paragraph)——說出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問題。
正文部分(Body paragraphs)——圍繞主題開展敘述、討論。
結(jié)尾部分(concluding paragraphs)——對全文的總結(jié)和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系,內(nèi)容完整、連貫。前后呼應(yīng),祛除與主題無關(guān)的內(nèi)容.詳細(xì)可以參情況考ESL資源網(wǎng)站里面的writing部分。
(2)確定主題句
主題句是對全文的概括,是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)
在一篇文章的開頭,而后,全文對主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋,擴(kuò)展。
寫主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
①歸納出你要寫的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)
②提煉出一句具有概括性的話
③主題句應(yīng)具有可讀性,抓住、吸引讀者。
(二)巧用連接詞
要想使文章有整體性、連貫性,就要學(xué)會(huì)正確使用連接詞
表示羅列增加
First, second, third,First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing ? for another?,On(the)one hand?on the other hand,Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also,Especially / In particular,表示時(shí)間順序
now, at present, recently,after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,at first, in the beginning, to begin with,later, next, finally,immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the momentform now on, from then on,at the same time, meanwhile,till, not?until, before, after, when, while, as during,表示解釋說明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except(for), instead, ofcourse, after all,表示并列關(guān)系
or, and, also, too, not only ? but also, as well as, both? and, either ?or, neither…nor
表示因果關(guān)系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to?, due to?, therefore, as aresult(of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示條件關(guān)系
as(so)long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示讓步關(guān)系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether ?or?, however, whoever,whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how(who, what, which, where, when,whom)
表示舉例
for example, for instance, such as?, take? for example
表示比較
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with(to)?just like,just as,表示目的for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly,obviously, above all,表示概括歸納
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as faras I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, insummary, in conclusion,(三)掌握常用句型:
臺(tái)灣英語資源網(wǎng)里面有很多,下面只列舉比較常用的。
1.in order to
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)他的夢想,他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream.2.in order that
她拼命干活以便到六點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備就緒。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..3.so?that
他們太累了,除了伸懶腰什么都做不了了。
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.4.such?that
天氣非常冷,以致于街上一個(gè)人都沒有。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.5.would rather do?than do
他寧愿聽他人講而不愿自己說。
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.6.prefer doing to doing
他寧愿在精心準(zhǔn)備后去做報(bào)告。
He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.7.prefer to do?rather than do
比起女人,男人總是寧可在家睡覺也不愿花那么多時(shí)間來購物。
Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time
shopping.8.not only?but also
在短短的三年的時(shí)間里她不但完成了所有課程,而且還獲得了博士學(xué)位。
In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her
doctor’s degree.9.either?or
如果考試過關(guān),你可以買一個(gè)MP3或去云南玩一趟。
You could either buy an MP3orgo to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.10.Neither?nor
他是一個(gè)無聊的人,既不愛娛樂,也不愛讀書。
He is a boring man.He likes neither entertainment nor reading.11.as well as
他善良又樂于助人。
He was kind as well as helpful.12.?as well
這個(gè)小孩活潑又可愛。
The child is active and funny as well.13.One?the other
你看見桌子上有兩只筆嗎?一支是紅色的,另一支是黑色的。
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.14.Some?others
每個(gè)人都很忙,有些在讀書,有些在寫作。
Everyone is busy in classroom.Some are reading, others are writing.15.make?+adj /n
我們所做的可以讓世界更美麗。
What we do will make the world more beautiful.16.not?until
直到他告訴我發(fā)生的事,我才了解真相。
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.17.as if
他夸夸其談好像什么事都知道。
He talks a lot as if he knows everything.18.It is no use(good)doing?
假裝不懂規(guī)則是行不通的。
It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.19.find it + adj to do?
我覺得作聽力時(shí)有必要作筆記。
I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.20.It is + time since?
我已經(jīng)有兩年沒見他了。
It is two years since I last met him.21.It is + time when?
我到電影院時(shí)已經(jīng)八點(diǎn)鐘了。
It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.22.It is + time before?
不久我們就會(huì)再見面的。
I won’t be long before we can meet again.23.It is?that?
我最珍視的是友誼。
It is friendship that I value most.24.It is + n / adj + that / to do?
每個(gè)人都必須懂得如何使用計(jì)算機(jī)
It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.
第二篇:英語四級(jí)寫作技巧
一、提綱式作文 1.對立觀點(diǎn)式
A.有人認(rèn)為X 是好事,贊成X,為什么? B.有人認(rèn)為X 是壞事,反對X,為什么? C.我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個(gè)原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個(gè)原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個(gè)理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一個(gè)例子。
There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個(gè)壞處。
二、批駁觀點(diǎn)式 A.一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。B. 我不同意。
Many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。By saying that, they mean 對這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個(gè)例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響)。
There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。
三、社會(huì)問題(現(xiàn)象)式
A.一個(gè)社會(huì)問題或者現(xiàn)象。B. 產(chǎn)生的原因
C.對社會(huì)和我們生活的影響 D. 如何杜絕。(如果是問題的話)E. 前景的預(yù)測。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況(或者是一個(gè)例子)。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated(表達(dá))in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..四. 圖表式作文
It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of(接近)X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一個(gè)原因).More importantly, …(第二個(gè)原因).Most important of all, …(第三個(gè)原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢).五. 辯論式議論文 模版1 Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點(diǎn)1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點(diǎn)2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據(jù)1.More importantly, 論據(jù)2.Most important of all, 論據(jù)3.In summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.模版2 People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)1, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據(jù)1.For another, 論據(jù)2.Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3.To conclude, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測.模版3 There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點(diǎn))。Some people are of the view that 觀點(diǎn)1,while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點(diǎn)2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion(觀念)is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據(jù)1。Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據(jù)3。A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。
As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測
常用句型:
1. 表示原因
1)There are three reasons for this.2)The reasons for this are as follows.3)The reason for this is obvious.4)The reason for this is not far to seek.5)The reason for this is that...
6)We have good reason to believe that...
例:There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly, people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly, most
people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least, more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.注:如考生寫第一個(gè)句子沒有把握,可將其改寫成兩個(gè)句子。如:Great changes have taken place in our life.There are three reasons for this.這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。2.表示好處
1)It has the following advantages.2)It does us a lot of good.3)It benefits us quite a lot.4)It is beneficial to us.5)It is of great benefit to us.例:Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.3.表示壞處
1)It has more disadvantages than advantages.2)It does us much harm.3)It is harmful to us.例:However, everything divides into two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.4.表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀
1)We cannot ignore the fact that...
2)No one can deny the fact that... 3)There is no denying the fact that...
4)This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.5)However, that’s not the case.例:We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.To solve these problems,we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.5.表示比較
1)Compared with A, B...
2)I prefer to read rather than watch TV.3)There is a striking contrast between them.例:Compared with cars, bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly, they do not consume natural resources of petrol.Secondly, they do not cause the pollution problem.Last but not least, they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.6.表示數(shù)量
1)It has increased(decreased)from...to...
2)The population in this city has now increased(decreased)to 800, 000. 3)The output of July in this factory increased by 15%compared with that of January.例:With the improvement of the living standard,the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如:From the graph listed above,it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.Model Test 1 Should We Celebrate Western Festivals? Nowadays, Western festivals such as Christmas and Valentine’s Day are gaining increasing popularity in China, especially among college students.But whether we should celebrate these festivals has become a subject of heated discussion.Some believe celebrating Western festivals is a sign of globalization.They argue that China needs to take in various foreign cultures so as to blend into the modern world.And celebrating Western festivals is a good opportunity for the Chinese to know more about other cultures.However, others believe that the Western festivals threaten a kind of cultural aggression.Therefore, we should drive them out lest they should undermine our traditional culture.In my opinion, as college students, we should preserve the traditional Chinese culture as well as stay open to Western ones.Therefore, while laying emphasis on Chinese festivals, we could also absorb foreign elements.
第三篇:中學(xué)生英語寫作技巧
龍?jiān)雌诳W(wǎng) http://.cn
中學(xué)生英語寫作技巧
作者:莊 靜
來源:《現(xiàn)代教育科學(xué)·中學(xué)校長》2008年第06期
英語書面表達(dá)在中考中占15分,是考察學(xué)生觀察能力、語言組織能力、及對所學(xué)詞匯和基本句型的運(yùn)用能力。學(xué)生必須具備扎實(shí)的語言基礎(chǔ)、過硬的基本功,掌握一定的寫作技巧以及創(chuàng)造性思維能力,才能做好這類試題。
1.認(rèn)真審題,明確要求。必須認(rèn)真審讀題目提供的提示和要求,弄清題目給出的內(nèi)容、格式、時(shí)間、環(huán)境,對所提供的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析。
2.了解體裁,把握時(shí)態(tài)。英語作文一般有記敘文、應(yīng)用文,說明文和議論文。中考書面表達(dá)的題型有:日記、故事、書信、看圖寫話、通知、便條,對人或物或事的介紹等。各種文體都有自己的格式,一般地說,記敘文記敘的是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事,應(yīng)以過去時(shí)為主;通知告訴的是將來要發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)以將來時(shí)為主;說明文闡明的是事實(shí)、性質(zhì)或作用,應(yīng)以現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。綜合、準(zhǔn)確把握材料的精神實(shí)質(zhì)和寫作要求,避免出現(xiàn)文不對題的現(xiàn)象。
3.編擬提綱,組織句子。弄清題目所表達(dá)的主要意思后,便可根據(jù)主要內(nèi)容,整理內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),組織句子。題目要求的內(nèi)容都應(yīng)寫進(jìn)去。應(yīng)選擇自己最熟悉,最有把握的詞語、句型、將要點(diǎn)表達(dá)出來。同時(shí)還要避難就易,會(huì)用多種表達(dá)方式表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思。
4.連詞成篇,語言得當(dāng)。對寫好的句子按一定順序(時(shí)間、空間和邏輯)進(jìn)行整理,不要毫無變化地一律使用簡單句。要用一些表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折的句型和從句等。
5.緊扣要點(diǎn),迂回表達(dá)。在近幾年的中考試題中,書面表達(dá)都是話題式作文,都是貼近學(xué)生生活、讓學(xué)生有話可說的作文。但有時(shí)題目所給的提示令學(xué)生一時(shí)想不起如何去表達(dá)。這時(shí)應(yīng)該把提示的長句給拆分,采用另一種說法來表達(dá)相同的意思。這種方法被稱為“迂回表達(dá)”法。使用遞進(jìn)、轉(zhuǎn)換等過渡詞,使文章連貫,自然,流暢。
6.精心修改,仔細(xì)核對。成文后,看看是否存在下列問題:格式、拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、冠詞、介詞、單復(fù)數(shù)、比較等級(jí)、大小寫、代詞等用法錯(cuò)誤或使用不當(dāng)之處。
7.拼寫正確,書寫規(guī)范。抄寫時(shí),書寫要工整認(rèn)真,給閱卷老師留下美好的印象,爭取得滿分。
總之,英語寫作是英語語言的一種綜合性表達(dá)方式,它涉及造句能力、語法知識(shí)、邏輯思維等。學(xué)生要想掌握這門技巧,必須經(jīng)過一段長時(shí)間有計(jì)劃、有步驟的嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練,才能切實(shí)提高。
第四篇:淺談?dòng)⒄Z寫作技巧
淺談?dòng)⒄Z寫作技巧
眾所周知,書面表達(dá)在中考中占有相當(dāng)大的比重,而我們的學(xué)生在此方面失分甚多,以致影響最后總分,因此提高學(xué)生寫作能力勢在必行,而這又須掌握一定的寫作技巧。觀察近幾年的中考試題,其最常見的形式是要求考生根據(jù)所給信息和思想來寫作,亦稱為“情景作文”或“提示作文”,而學(xué)生對于語言要素綜合應(yīng)用的能力較弱,寫出的東西往往是不符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的“中文或英語”。作為一名英語教師,就必須經(jīng)常提醒學(xué)生注意這一問題,并有意識(shí)地讓學(xué)生逐步接受英語表達(dá)的思維方式,久而久之學(xué)生才能寫出比較地道的英語,進(jìn)而少犯甚至不犯Chinese English的錯(cuò)誤,故英語書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練從八年級(jí)上學(xué)期就應(yīng)開始,并逐步強(qiáng)化提高,最終達(dá)到應(yīng)考要求。在此就自己日常教學(xué)中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)淺談學(xué)生英語寫作的技巧,最終達(dá)到“All roads lead to Rome”的目的。
一、多讀、多背好文章、范文。
“熟讀唐詩三百首,不會(huì)寫詩也會(huì)吟”,英語寫作也是如此。閱讀是寫作的基礎(chǔ),在閱讀方面下的功夫越深,駕駛語言的能力也就越強(qiáng)。所以我認(rèn)為:要寫好英語先要讀好英語,在語言學(xué)習(xí)方面狠下苦功,課本也要讀透,因?yàn)檎n本中的文章都是一些很好的范文,像文筆流暢、語言規(guī)范、精彩的一些課文段落要背誦。如果平時(shí)多讀多背好文章、好句子、諺語、俗語,寫書面表達(dá)就會(huì)起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,而這些句子、文章往往就在我們的身邊。
“熟能生巧”這是古訓(xùn),同樣適用于英語寫作。在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中多留意、多收集素材,寫作時(shí)就不會(huì)手忙腳亂、無從下手。只要我們的學(xué)生堅(jiān)持多讀、多背好句子、好文章,便可輕松寫出滿意的文章。
二、了解英語寫作格式
有了自己的英語片段的積累,還要了解英語寫作的不同體裁與格式。所以我要求我的學(xué)生在七年級(jí)時(shí)就先找一些專門介紹英語寫作入門的書來閱讀,讓其對英語寫作有一個(gè)初步的概念,如怎么寫記敘文(記敘文是通過記敘和描寫這兩種主要手段,通過寫人、寫景、寫事來表達(dá)某種思想或情感的一種文體)。一般來說記敘文有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因和結(jié)果六要素,寫作時(shí)只要明白清楚地給予表達(dá);記人時(shí),則要注意介紹人物的身世、經(jīng)歷和事跡等,敘事時(shí)要描寫事情發(fā)生的發(fā)展過程。又如,英語書信的格式,如何根據(jù)不同身份寫不同的結(jié)束
語等,最后根據(jù)不同的體裁進(jìn)行寫作訓(xùn)練。
總之,學(xué)生要掌握各種文體格式,尤其是考試中常用文體,如書信、日記、通知、記敘文、留言條等,更應(yīng)讓他們經(jīng)常練習(xí)并掌握。
三、親自實(shí)踐,動(dòng)手寫作
“臨淵羨魚,事發(fā)歸而結(jié)網(wǎng)”。如果僅僅掌握了寫作技巧、文體格式熟背了大量的文章,如果不親自動(dòng)手實(shí)踐還是不行的,因?yàn)闆]有一成不變的文章讓我們的學(xué)生照搬。
動(dòng)手寫作,好處有二。第一練字,這樣可寫出一手干凈、整潔漂亮的handwriting;第二可查錯(cuò)補(bǔ)缺,只有通過練習(xí)才能知道自己的不足與缺陷,便于老師和同學(xué)幫其修改、訂正。因?yàn)?,說和寫是兩碼事。所以我要求學(xué)生從八年級(jí)開始便一周寫一篇日記或記事文章,糾正之后,讓他們抄寫在固定的“作文本”上,這樣,日積月累,考前只需翻翻自己的“作文本”,即可胸有成竹,full of confidence.總之,英語寫作能力差是大多數(shù)學(xué)生普遍存在的問題,而這種能力在日益激烈的競爭中又尤為重要。只要我們的學(xué)生在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中語言素材積累多了,體裁格式記住了又經(jīng)常練習(xí)不斷提高,到作文下筆時(shí)就會(huì)得心應(yīng)手、水到渠成。There is a will, there is a way.英文寫作要提高結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)能力
英語高考中的書面表達(dá)要求考生根據(jù)特定的情景,在30分鐘左右的時(shí)間內(nèi)寫一篇不少于120字的英語短文,不僅要求學(xué)生對詞匯、語法、句型等基礎(chǔ)英語知識(shí)有相應(yīng)的水平,在很大程度上還考查學(xué)生對段落和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的把握,真正使學(xué)生英語能力受到最全面的考核。筆者認(rèn)為,英語寫作應(yīng)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)到的語法知識(shí)來遣詞造句的同時(shí),以句、段、篇結(jié)構(gòu)為切入點(diǎn),進(jìn)行句型結(jié)構(gòu)、段落結(jié)構(gòu)以及語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的系統(tǒng)教學(xué),進(jìn)行英語寫作訓(xùn)練和實(shí)踐,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語寫作能力。句型結(jié)構(gòu)
在句、段、篇三者中,句型結(jié)構(gòu)是學(xué)生平時(shí)接觸最多的,幾乎中學(xué)教學(xué)的每一堂課,每一項(xiàng)練習(xí)都或多或少接觸到句型的運(yùn)用和理解,但是在英語寫作過程中,學(xué)生往往只考慮意思,對語言本身卻顧不過來,小錯(cuò)誤比比皆是。因此在寫作教學(xué)中,首先應(yīng)當(dāng)加強(qiáng)英語句型運(yùn)用的練習(xí)。可以采用連詞成句和簡單句合并復(fù)合句的訓(xùn)練,來強(qiáng)化學(xué)生運(yùn)用各類句型的能力。
段落結(jié)構(gòu)
短文寫作中,段落可以分成兩種類型,一種是描述性的,另一種則是議論性的。描述性段落是根據(jù)題目所給出的內(nèi)容,包括圖畫、圖表等,發(fā)揮自己的想象力,對某一現(xiàn)象或事件進(jìn)行一定的描寫。寫好這種段落的前提是要對所提供的材料進(jìn)行仔細(xì)觀察,抓住其中的重點(diǎn)和必要的細(xì)節(jié),將這些內(nèi)容用適當(dāng)?shù)恼Z法和句型表達(dá)出來。在表達(dá)過程中,應(yīng)當(dāng)注意事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后或者某一現(xiàn)象的發(fā)展趨勢。議論性的段落幾乎在每篇作文中都要碰到,即使在圖畫形式的短文寫作中,在描述事件后也需要發(fā)表一定的議論。要寫好議論性的英文段落,首先要確立段落中心思想,然后通過各種手段,如描述、例證、比較等,擺出具體的理由,展開這一主題。最常見的段落結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)中心句和數(shù)個(gè)支撐句,這種結(jié)構(gòu)在英語閱讀理解的練習(xí)中也往往可以見到。中心句通常出現(xiàn)在段首,有時(shí)也可放在段落末尾或中間,但對于英語寫作能力尚不完善的高中學(xué)生來說,將中心句放在段落開始的方法比較容易把握。有了中心句,再加上幾個(gè)支撐句就構(gòu)成了一個(gè)段落,寫支撐句時(shí),要注意在句與句之間運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)折詞,使文章顯得更加連貫流暢。語篇結(jié)構(gòu)
語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)就是一篇文章的框架,合理構(gòu)思和合理安排每一段落,既要使每一段落都服務(wù)于文章的中心,維護(hù)文章的整體性,又要使每一段落分別闡述一個(gè)問題,保持相對的獨(dú)立性。在每次短文寫作之前,第一步就應(yīng)當(dāng)確定整個(gè)篇章的結(jié)構(gòu)。高考(Q吧)的作文一般需要考生先將某一事件或現(xiàn)象表達(dá)清楚,然后對此發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法,近來又出現(xiàn)了純粹要求考生表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的文章,如2001年全國高考中要求考生談?wù)撧I車進(jìn)入家庭的影響。對于前一類文章,可將其分為兩個(gè)部分,其一是描述性部分,主要對所提供的內(nèi)容加以敘述,其二是議論部分,對前一部分的內(nèi)容發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn);對于后一類文章可以把整篇文章分成三個(gè)部分,即開端,主體和結(jié)尾。一開頭立刻提出自己的觀點(diǎn),并簡單扼要地列出支持觀點(diǎn)的兩到三個(gè)理由。這樣,在主體部分里,每一段落就是每個(gè)理由的進(jìn)一步闡述。最后在結(jié)尾部分中,再總結(jié)一下整篇文章的觀點(diǎn),同文章開頭呼應(yīng)。但應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的是,結(jié)尾部分不應(yīng)當(dāng)是機(jī)械的重復(fù),不僅在用詞和句型上有所變化,而且
在觀點(diǎn)上也應(yīng)略有擴(kuò)充,還可以提一下相反觀點(diǎn)的事情。這樣不僅結(jié)構(gòu)完整,而且內(nèi)容也更為充實(shí)。
第五篇:英語求職信寫作技巧
1、教育背景中寫相關(guān)課程。但千萬不要為了拼湊篇幅,把所有的課程一股腦兒地都寫上,如體育等。這樣不很有效,別人也沒耐心看。
2、獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金一項(xiàng)一行。許多學(xué)生每年都有獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,這樣一來,也可寫出三四行,甚至更多。
2、適當(dāng)拉長幾句句子。每個(gè)句子都可以加入一些詞拉長一些,其實(shí)拉長并不難,難的是縮短。
4、自然地多換行,多寫點(diǎn)句子。
5、加大字號(hào)??蓪?0號(hào),小五改成12號(hào),小四。
6、社會(huì)工作細(xì)節(jié)放在工作經(jīng)歷中,這樣會(huì)填補(bǔ)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的缺陷,例如,您在做團(tuán)支書、學(xué)生會(huì)主席等社會(huì)工作時(shí)組織過什么活動(dòng),聯(lián)系過什么事,參與過什么都可以――羅列。
英文簡歷中敗筆:
1、長句:沒有人愿意看太冗長的句子,而且切記(you’re scanned, mot read.)原則,雇主只是在掃描您的簡歷。
2、縮句:因?yàn)橥庑腥送茈y看懂。不要想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為這是人所皆知的事情。
3、“i”我:因?yàn)檎?guī)簡歷多用點(diǎn)句,以動(dòng)詞開頭,是沒有“我”的。當(dāng)然若在公司簡介中一定要用到一兩次,也不是完全不可以。
4、不利因素:我們講過簡歷原則是不要撒謊,但不寫不等于騙人。大家可能還記得前面提到過的“簡歷中的任何字句都可能成為面試中的話題?!睋P(yáng)長避短的道理,我想大家都是知道的。
5、”reference available upon request.”::這上短短的意思是如需證明,可提供見證人。這
tipes:
1: 在許多英式、港式簡歷港文中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),但是美式的簡歷則不要這樣寫。
2: 以上幾方面是一般情況下包括的內(nèi)容,具體取舍因人、因時(shí)、因?qū)ο蠖?,切忌照搬?/p>