第一篇：英語四級小翻譯

吉林財經(jīng)大學公共外語教研部

2012級學生課堂翻譯材料匯總（2014.3—2014.7）

段落翻譯1

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。//中國的崛起，讓他們充分認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。//這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變。//曾幾何時，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。//現(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學習中文和中國文化，而且還不時走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風光，認識豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

參考譯文

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese.//China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.// They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.//At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.//Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.解析

本段是一篇文化類介紹文章。總體難度一般，以句號結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長句可使用中國考生特別熟悉的從句進行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認識到……的同時，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的最后一句“掌握雙語的好處……”由which引導的定語從句也可迎刃而解。當然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來越多的華人父母認識到……”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多；又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化?！崩挠昧恕癳nhance”和“facilitate”兩個詞，富于變化；文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運用形容詞來替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實的翻譯功底。

段落翻譯2

北京有無數(shù)的胡同(hutong)。//平民百姓在胡同里的生活給古都北京帶來了無窮的魅力。//北京的胡同不僅僅 是平民百姓的生活環(huán)境，而且還是一門建筑藝術(shù)。//通常，胡同內(nèi)有一個大雜院，房間夠4到10個家庭的差不多20 口人住。//所以，胡同里的生活充滿了友善和人情味。//如今，隨著社會和經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展，很多胡同被新的高樓大 廈所取代。//但愿胡同可以保留下來。

參考譯文

In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs.// The life of common people in hutongs bringsendless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing.// The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture.// Usually, there is a courtyard complexinside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people.Therefore, life in hutongsis full of friendliness and genuine humanity.Nowadays, with rapid social and economicdevelopment, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings.I hope hutongs can be preserved.解析

1.帶來了無窮的魅力：翻譯為bring endless charm to。

2.漢語習慣于用并列的散句或短語來表達一個語境，而英文習慣上用整句表述，句內(nèi)不太重要的信息會用 | 介詞短語或從句來補充說明，如本段中“胡同內(nèi)有一個大雜院，房間夠4到10個家庭的差不多20口人住”是 ： 兩個并列關(guān)系的漢語短句，翻譯成英文時可將第二句用with介詞結(jié)構(gòu)表達出來，起補充說明的作用。

3.充滿友善和人情味：翻譯為full of friendliness and genuine humanity。

4.隨著社會和經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展：翻譯為with rapid social and economic

development，也是with介詞短語的應(yīng)用，在句中作伴隨狀語。

段落翻譯3

一個13億人口的大國要實現(xiàn)和平崛起，絕非易事。目前，就經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展領(lǐng)域而言，中國面臨三大挑戰(zhàn)：

第一個是資源特別是能源的挑戰(zhàn)。中國人均資源占有量在全世界排在后列；同時，由于發(fā)展速度快而科學水平低，中國制造業(yè)的資源消耗尤其是能耗卻排在世界前列。這就使得資源特別是能源短缺。

第二個是生態(tài)環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。環(huán)境污染嚴重、生態(tài)狀況惡化、資源耗費巨大、回收率低而導致環(huán)境破壞等問題，已成為中國經(jīng)濟保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。

第三個是在經(jīng)濟與社會與發(fā)展過程中的一系列失衡問題的挑戰(zhàn)。因此，我們既要使GDP持續(xù)快速增長，又要加快社會建設(shè)步伐；既要注重公平、縮小差距，又要保持活力、提高效率。

參考譯文

It is a matter of difficulty for a country of 1.3 billion people to achieve peaceful rise.At present, China faces three major challenges in economic and social development.The first challenge is represented by the shortage of resources, particularly energies.China lags behind the world in terms of per capital hold of resources, while owing to the fast speed of our economic development coupled with low level of science and technology, China’s manufacturing industry is among the most energy-consuming in the world, which is the instrument of the shortage of resources, especially energies in China.The second challenge is marked by ecological environment.The bottleneck for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy can be exemplified by the serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution, deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation.The third is featured by a string of imbalances in economic and social development.Therefore,we need to balance the rapid and continuous GDP growth rate against the pace of social construction, and balance emphasis on equality and narrowing down gaps against efforts to maintain vitality and enhance efficiency in economic activity.解析

1.絕非易事：a matter of difficulty（描述類經(jīng)典句）

2.是：be represented by;be marked by;be featured by（判斷類經(jīng)典句）

3.使得：be the instrument of（使動類經(jīng)典句）

4.已成為中國經(jīng)濟……：be exemplified by（總分類經(jīng)典句）； be the instrument of（使動類經(jīng)典句）

5.同時：while（邏輯關(guān)系原則）

6.由于：owing to（動賓連接原則）

7.環(huán)境污染嚴重…：the serious environmental problem caused by severe pollution, deteriorating ecological conditions, huge consumption of resources and low reclamation（名詞詞組與分句互譯原則）

8.我們既要使GDP持續(xù)快速增長，又要加快社會建設(shè)步伐；既要注重公平、縮小差距，又要保持活力、提高效率。（謂語最小化原則）

翻譯段落4

過年

1.在從前的農(nóng)業(yè)社會里，中國人最重要的節(jié)日就是過年。2.對過去的一年來說，這是結(jié)束；對未來的一年來說這是開始。3.一進入臘月，街頭巷尾就充滿了過年的氣氛，這種氣氛要持續(xù)一個半月之久。4.大家不僅借著各種娛樂節(jié)目來調(diào)劑一年來的辛勞同時也在游樂中流露出一種樂觀進取的精神。5.過年時，每家門上都貼上了春聯(lián)，耀眼的紅紙增加了人們的喜氣，優(yōu)美的字句提供了勉勵。

參考譯文

In China’s formerly agricultural society, Spring Festival was the most important holiday.It was the end of the previous year and the beginning of the next.When the twelfth month of the lunar year began, the happiness of new-year celebration pervaded the streets for a month and a half.People sought relief from the previous year’s weariness with entertainment that focused on optimism and enterprise.New Year scrolls were put on the doors of every family in Spring Festival: the shiny red scroll increasing happiness and the rhythmic words giving encouragement.解析：1.確定句子的主語“過年”為“Spring Festival”.2.兩個并列句中的“這”都指的是“過年”，用代詞it.3.這是個無主句，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為“臘月一開始”，這樣句子就有了主語。在“街頭巷尾就充滿了過年的氣氛”中，如果選用“過年的氣氛”做主語，就轉(zhuǎn)化成了極具英語特色的非人稱主語句，表達效果會更好。“這種氣氛要持續(xù)一個半月之久”中的主語“這種氣氛”正是指上下文的“過年的氣氛”，翻譯時可以省略，將“持續(xù)一個半月之久”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榻樵~短語for a month and a half,銜接到句子前面的句子上。

4.此句中“借著…”來做某事，是英語中典型的介詞短語with…作為方式狀語。

5.前半句是無主句，用被動語態(tài)的形式，也就是“春聯(lián)被貼到了每家門上”；后面的兩句是對春聯(lián)的具體描述，可以采用獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來翻譯，作為主句的伴隨狀態(tài)，提供補充說明的信息。

翻譯段落5

婚姻

1.中國人稱結(jié)婚為終身大事，因為中國人的家庭觀念很重，認為齊家是治國的根本。2.中國人不斷告訴讀書人，要想替國家做事，必須先把家庭治理好。3.中國人不僅把婚姻看成一男一女的結(jié)合，還把它當作社會的基礎(chǔ)，是很莊重的事。4.舊式的中國婚姻，并不是自己選擇對象，而是由家長做主，還需要媒人的介紹。5.到了現(xiàn)代，婚姻由自己做主，但是仍要征求家長同意。

參考譯文

Chinese people define marriage as a great event in their lives, because they have a strong sense of family, with the belief（believing）that running a good family is the foundation for running(managing)the country.Chinese ancients kept warning scholars that they should run their families well before they could work for the country.Therefore, Chinese people regard marriage not only as the union of a man and a woman, but also as the foundation of society, which should be treated with solemnity.In old Chinese marriage arrangements, one didn’t choose his or her spouse, who was instead arranged by the parents with the help of matchmakers.In modern times, one chooses his or her own marriage partner, but still with the assent of the parents.解析：1.終身大事：a great event(lifelong event欠妥)in their lives；第三個短句既可以譯為介詞短語，也可以譯為分詞短語：①with the belief that running a good family is the foundation for running(ruling)the country.②believing that running a good family is the foundation for running(ruling)the country.修身：cultivate oneself;

齊家：run the family in unison;

治國：rule the country in order;

平天下：create the peaceful world

2.后兩個短句都是無主句，它們的邏輯主語都是“讀書人”，用增譯法添加主語they，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。

3.“不僅…還…”用并列結(jié)構(gòu)”not only …but also來譯?！笆呛芮f重的事”也是無主句，翻譯時可采用關(guān)系代詞which作主語，替代“婚姻”marriage, 從而將后面的句子譯成定語，連接到主句上。

4.這也是無主句。翻譯時需要增添主語“人們”one, 表示是當時普遍存在的情況。

5.同上一句都是無主句。翻譯時增加主語one，是句子完整，邏輯合理。

第二篇：英語四級翻譯

一、歷史文化

四大文明古國：中國位于亞洲東部，是世界上人口最多的國家。中國是世界四大文明古國之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國人民神往。但是，更重要的是，中國以擁有五千多年的歷史而自豪，遺留下無數(shù)的歷史文物，其中包括珍貴珠寶、古跡名勝、宮殿及數(shù)不盡的雄偉建筑，令人驚嘆不已。這種種原因都促使中國成為許多人夢寐以求的旅游勝地。

China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest population in the world.China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization, Besides ,it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests, magnificent waterfalls, majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes, and mountains whose peaks reach high into the sky like swords.All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world.But, most importantly, China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past, such as priceless pearls and jewels, historic sites and scenic spots, palaces and edifices of architectural richness, all of which have won people’s admiration.You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China, a much-admired dream land.中華傳統(tǒng)文化：中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠流長。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學說和以老莊為代表的道家學說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍貴品質(zhì)，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強調(diào)仁愛，強調(diào)群體，強調(diào)和而不同，強調(diào)天下為公。特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的愛國情找，“民為邦本”，“民貴君輕”的民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”的待人之道，吃苦耐勞，勤儉持家，尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德，世代相傳。所有這些，對家庭，國家和社會起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。

The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long,long course.More than 2,000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism represented by Lao Zi and ZhuangZi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term” the masters’hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture presents many precious idea sand qualities, which are essentially populist and democratic.For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all.Especially, patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”;the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”;the code of conduct of “Treat othersas you want to be treated”.And the traditional virtues taught from generation to generation: endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management ,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.漢語：從某種意義上說，漢語是一種很古老的語言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法家往往使?jié)h字的字形夸張以取得藝術(shù)效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國書法是一門研究藝術(shù)，隨著各位學習興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術(shù)性。

In a sense ,Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Sealscript, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script.Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts.Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study.As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中國儒學(the Ru School)思想的創(chuàng)始人。儒學(Confucianism)，這個道德和宗教哲學的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學上。馮友蘭，中國思想史上20世紀偉大的的權(quán)威之一，把孔子在中國歷史上的影響比作西方的蘇格拉底。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung You-lan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.紅樓夢：《紅樓夢》問世二百年以來,通過漢文原文和各種譯文讀過此書的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個是先看批評家的文章,然而再讓批評家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無僅有的。一切文學作品,特別是象《紅樓夢》這樣偉大的作品,內(nèi)容異常地豐富,涉及到的社會層面異常地多,簡直象是一個寶山，一座迷宮。而讀者群就更加復雜，他們來讀《紅樓夢》，會各就自己的特點，欣賞該書中的某一個方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛;也可能受到打擊，引起了憎惡?？傊乔Р钊f別。

Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago, hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or its translations in various languages.Of these innumerable people, how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics' articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to none.All literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth.And the readers are even more complicated, differing from each other in family background.They will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own inpiduality.They may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe it.In short, the reactions vary.二、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 春節(jié)：春節(jié)慶?；顒邮且荒曛凶钪匾膽c祝活動。中國人慶祝春節(jié)的方式可能略微不同，但其愿望幾乎是相同的，他們希望其家人和朋友來年健康和幸運。春節(jié)慶祝活動通常持續(xù)15天。慶?；顒影ù汗?jié)的年夜飯，放鞭炮，給兒童壓歲錢，春節(jié)鐘聲和春節(jié)問候。大多數(shù)中國人將在春節(jié)的第7天停止慶?；顒?，因為全國性節(jié)假通常在這一天結(jié)束，但在公共場所的慶?；顒涌赡茏罱K持續(xù)到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year.Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same;they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days.Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings.Most of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明節(jié)：清明節(jié)的習俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風俗體育活動。相傳這是因為清明節(jié)要寒食禁火，為了防止寒食冷藏傷身，所以大家來參加一些體育活動，以鍛煉身體。因此，這個節(jié)日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節(jié)日。

Ching MingFestival(the Tomb-sweeping Festival), the custom is full of interesting.In addition to pay attention to ban fire, tomb-sweeping, as well as spring outing, swinging, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports.According to legend, this is because the Ching Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire, in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages, so we come to participate in some sports, in order to exercise.Therefore, this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players, is adistinctive holiday.元宵節(jié)：與大多數(shù)中國節(jié)日一樣，元宵節(jié)同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內(nèi)陷或甜或辣。人們都說湯圓有兩個象征之意，一為農(nóng)歷的第一個月圓，二為家庭團聚圓滿。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。在過去，這些謎語大多出自于模糊的文學典故和中國古典文學之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識份子的“領(lǐng)地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節(jié)主要的娛樂活動。

Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tangyuan”.These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings.The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness.Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns.In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes.Stilt-walking ,drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午節(jié)：端午節(jié)，又叫龍舟節(jié)，是為了紀念愛國詩人屈原。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。但最后因為受到誹謗（vilify）而最終投河自盡。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。幾千年來，端午節(jié)的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和賽龍舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋節(jié)：農(nóng)歷八月十五日是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。在這天，每個家庭都團聚在一起，一家人共同觀賞象征豐裕、和諧和好運的圓月。此時，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。月宮里美麗的仙女嫦娥的神話故事賦予了這個節(jié)日神話色彩。傳說古時候，天空曾有10個太陽圍著地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。后翌射下了其中9個太陽，拯救了地球上的生靈。他偷了長生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產(chǎn)生了嫦娥奔月的故事。

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month.It is atime for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon, which is a symbol of abundance, harmony and luck.Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea, while the children run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns.The festival wasendowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady inthe moon.According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it.Hou Yi, shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.Hestole the elixir of life, which can make people immortal.However, his wife ,Chang-E drank it.Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came int obeing.三、傳統(tǒng)事物

筷子：中國人使用筷子已經(jīng)有3 000多年的歷史了。中國的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。這是因為，維持充足的食物供應(yīng)是天地之間最重要的事情。中國有個古老的風俗，女子出嫁時要用筷子當嫁妝，因為“筷子”與“快子”諧音。根據(jù)中國的餐桌禮儀，吃飯時一直握著筷子是不禮貌的。將菜送入口中后，應(yīng)立刻把筷子放下。吃飯時，用筷子指著別人會對其造成冒犯。

There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks.Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth.It is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth.There is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s dowry.Kuaizi(chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal.As soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the chopsticks.It would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the meal.文房四寶：在中國，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實用價值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術(shù)品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當今時代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進行學習、寫作的人越來越少了，但是，在中國的書法、繪畫、收藏以及修身養(yǎng)性活動中，它們?nèi)云鹬豢商娲淖饔谩?/p>

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and“ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writhing, but they are still playing anir replaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one's mind.中國結(jié)：中國結(jié)（The Chinese Knot）是一種古老的藝術(shù)形式。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，繩結(jié)可以追朔到10萬年前。中國人不僅用繩結(jié)來固定、包裹、狩獵、捕魚，還用來記錄事件，而且有些繩結(jié)純粹起裝飾作用。中國結(jié)具有文化內(nèi)涵（cultural connotation）。由于結(jié)在漢語中的發(fā)音與“吉”相近。吉的意思是“福、祿、壽、喜、財、安、康”，這是中國人永恒的追求，因此有些中國結(jié)表達出人們的各種愿望。例如：新婚夫婦的房間通常用一個盤長結(jié)（Pan-chang Knot）來裝飾，象征著永恒的愛情。The Chinese Knot is an ancient art form and artifacts could be found as far back as 100 000years ago.Chinese people used knots for more than justfastening , wraping, hunting, fishing.Knots were also to record events ,and someknots had purely ornamentak functions.The Chinese Knot has cultural connotations.Since knot is pronounce d as“jie” in Chinese similar with that of “ji”,which means blessing,goodsalary,longevity,happpiness,fortune,safety and health and is the everl astingpursuit of Chinese people ,some Chinese Knots espress people's various hopes.Forexample ,the room of newlyweds is usually decorated with a Pan-Chang Knot to symbolizeeternal love.八大菜系：中國一個幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國家，每個民族都有其獨特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱為“八大菜系”。中國的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長處。

China is atime-honored multi-ethnics nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines havetaken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographicalenvironment, climate, cultural tradition, folk customs and other factors.Themost influential and representative ones are Lu, Chuan，Yue, Min, Su，Zhe, Xiang and HuiCuisines, which are commonly known as “Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines” in China are characterized by persified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.四、傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)

京?。壕﹦”环顬橹袊膰?，來源于18世紀晚期的安徽和湖北的當?shù)貏》N。京劇是中國所有劇種中最有影響力和代表性的，在中國乃至世界享有聲譽。京劇完美融合了多種藝術(shù)形式。京劇集傳統(tǒng)音樂、舞蹈、詩歌、雜耍、武術(shù)于一身，以華麗的戲服、逼真的臉譜和程式化的演出套路而聞名。京劇臉譜上每一種圖形和亮麗的顏色都有象征意義：紅色表示忠誠，藍色表示殘暴，黑色表示正直。Known as China’s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces.Peking Opera is the mostinfluential and representative of all operas in China.It has won great popularity not only in China but also throughout the world.Peking Opera is aharmonious combination of many art forms.It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts.It is famous for itsexquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and established performing conventions and rules.Each of patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning: red suggests loyalty;blue suggests cruelty;black suggests honesty.武術(shù)：武術(shù)在我國源遠流長，是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的瑰寶。我們知道，一個民族的優(yōu)秀文化遺產(chǎn)，不僅僅屬于一個民族，它會逐漸傳播到世界而成為人類的共同財富。// 為了更好的推廣武術(shù)運動，使其與奧運項目接軌，中國武協(xié)和國際武聯(lián)做了大量的艱苦卓絕的工作?，F(xiàn)在武術(shù)運動已被列為一種具有與保齡球運動和國際標準舞同等地位的奧運表演項目。//武術(shù)的蓬勃發(fā)展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武術(shù)大師功不可沒。//老一代武術(shù)家在海外播種下了武術(shù)的種子，使武術(shù)這門既可以自衛(wèi)又可以健身的運動很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高超的武術(shù)大師已遍布世界各地，武術(shù)愛好者也與日俱增。

Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back to ancient times.It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture.As well know, the fine culture of a nation does not belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity.// The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize wushu and make the Chinese martial art closer to the Olympic Movement.Wushu was accepted to join bowling and international standard dance as an Olympic demonstration event.//The booming of wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to emigrant Chinese wushu masters over the years.// Martial artists of the older generation shave sown wushu seeds in foreign countries.Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands.Today superb wushu masters are active all over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.獅舞：獅舞（Lion Dance）是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運的吉祥物（mascot）。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），獅舞就已經(jīng)被引入了皇室。因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)（the Lantern Festival）和其他節(jié)日的習俗，人們以此來祈禱好運、平安和幸福。

The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China.The lion is the king of animals.In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck.Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans.The dance has are corded history of more than 2,000 years.During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty.Therefore ,performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.四六級考試的作文題目無非就是兩類： 第一．和自己發(fā)展有關(guān)的個人成長成功話題； 第二．和社會現(xiàn)象相關(guān)的學校社會熱點話題； 而四六級的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)很固定： 第一段：引出話題（對于圖畫描述）第二段：闡釋話題 第三段：總結(jié)話題

第一類話題需要大家說自己的認識，其實就是喊出一些無用的口號，并且的變了方的把這些口號喊的比較復雜，人在成長成功過程中的品質(zhì)通常包括了：某種品質(zhì)對成功很重要: 可能出現(xiàn)的主題詞：

順境與逆境(Favorable Circumstances and adverse Circumstances)勤奮（diligence;painstaking work）謹慎和堅毅（prudence and determination）熱情和樂觀（, enthusiasm and optimism）

博學和求知（learnedness and seeking knowledge/pursuit of knowledge）絕望和堅持（Frustration and perseverance）獨立性問(independence)感恩(gratitude)創(chuàng)新(creation and innovation)鼓勵(encouragement)自滿和謙遜（self-satisfied and modest）合作（cooperation）等：注意替換主題詞就可以了.All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further horizon.Furthermore, whatever difficulty or situation we are confronted with, those who have the spirit of cooperation and team work are nearer to success.Just as John Adams, the second U.S.president quoted from the ancient Greek Aesop’s Fables,“United we stand, divided we fall.”

自信：(confidence)

(可以把獨立換成考場上需要你寫的主題詞，比如，the spirit of impendence等)

社會和學校話題：

對于學校社會話題同樣是喊出口號，分析利弊，不可能寫出太多實質(zhì)的話題：

常見的話題：

1． 資源保護(Energy and Resource Saving)環(huán)境保護(Environmental protection)低碳環(huán)保（low-carbon life）旅游對環(huán)境的影響（2． 人口增長(The growth of China’s population)3． 社會保障問題(Social security fund)4． 假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品問題(Counterfeits and unqualified products)食品安全(food safety)5． 消費者權(quán)益保護問題(The protection of consumers rights and interests)6． 社會誠信的缺失（Honest is the best policy.It pays to be honest.）

It is not hard to notice that without honesty/credibility, hardly can individuals or organizations make money, take profits, let alone obtain wealth in the long term, especially in this fiercely competitive modern world, I argue.我認為，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，要是沒有誠信在這樣一個競爭激烈的現(xiàn)代社會中，從長期來看個人和組織是很難賺到錢，賺到利潤的，更不必說獲得財富了。

7.知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護問題（Intellectual Property protection.No plagiarizing）8． 微博和微信的強勢崛起（The rise of the WeiBo,Wechat）9． 傳統(tǒng)文化的傳播（traditional Chinese culture）

It is my view that national culture as priceless spiritual treasure should be preserved and cherished.Meanwhile, there are good reasons to advocate international culture.While global economic integration has fostered thorough cultural interchanges, it is multiculturalism that essentially makes the society and its people diverse, colorful, vigorous and open-minded.Nevertheless, certainly, when we are confronted with a different culture, we should be sensible enough to absorb its essence and to resist its dark side.Only in this way can we promote cultural development positively and make our world dimensional, colorful and vigorous.孝敬父母（caring parents）(filial piety)Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our parents can enjoy their life to the uttermost.10． 提高學生的身體素質(zhì)（physical exercise build a strong body and relieve pressure and keep a pleasant mood）

11． 大學生的就業(yè)（sticking to our own choice of following our parent’s arrangement）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our graduates can enjoy their careers to the uttermost.12． 大學城的建造（the construction of university town）

Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which our students can enjoy their study to the uttermost.先談社會話題：

負面的話題無非要涉及解決的問題，正面話題就是展望未來，現(xiàn)在送大家一些在考研和四六級中正負面話題都能用的表達：

The general public is supposed to enhance their awareness that 大眾需要提升對于…的意識是，In view of the complexity of such a topic, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally.考慮到話題的復雜性，我們必須從社會，經(jīng)濟和文化角度來對待這個話題。

In a sense, it is not why sth.exists in today’s world but what we should do to cope with it.總之，不是討論為什么在今天的世界會存在這種話題，而在于我們應(yīng)該怎么去應(yīng)對他。

文章最后一定能用到的表達：

In view of the importance and the complexity of such a positive/negative phenomenon, we must treat it socially, economically and culturally and maintain it the very force that has driven our society/或 life forward.Only in a reasonable, prosperous and healthy atmosphere can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which people can enjoy their life to the uttermost./或in which student can enjoy their study to the uttermost.特別警惕，四六級還可以出一些應(yīng)用文作為考察的對象，這里附上一篇歡迎辭； My dear new friends, You are welcomed to join in our English club.I am very glad that you will be a part of our fantastic club.Established in 2001, our club has celebrated her 10th birthday.In the past ten years, a lot of interesting activities have been designed and organized.Our most famous activities include talk shows, speech competition and role play competition.In our club, you will have ample opportunities to enjoy English movies, meet foreign friends and of course practice your oral English with them.I am sure you will enjoy happy moments in our club and make progress in your English learning.

第三篇：2014英語四級翻譯

試卷一：中餐

【真題原文】許多人喜歡中餐，在中國，烹飪不僅被視為一種技能，而且也被視為一種藝術(shù)。精心準備的中餐既可口又好看，烹飪技藝和配料在中國各地差別很大。但好的烹飪都有一個共同點，總是要考慮到顏色、味道、口感和營養(yǎng)(nutrition)。由于食物對健康至關(guān)重要，好的廚師總是努力在谷物、肉類和蔬菜

之間取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。

【翻譯答案】Most people like Chinese food.In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art.The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking.Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account.Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as

healthy.試卷二：信息技術(shù)

【真題原文】信息技術(shù)(Information Technology)，正在飛速發(fā)展，中國公民也越來越重視信息技術(shù)，有些學校甚至將信息技術(shù)作為必修課程，對這一現(xiàn)象大家持不同觀點。一部分人認為這是沒有必要的，學生就應(yīng)該學習傳統(tǒng)的課程。另一部分人認為這是應(yīng)該的，中國就應(yīng)該與時俱進。不管怎樣，信息技術(shù)引起

廣大人民的重視是一件好事。

【翻譯答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course.Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views.Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum.Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times.Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.試卷三：茶文化

【真題原文】“你要茶還是咖啡?”是用餐人常被問到的問題，許多西方人會選咖啡，而中國人則會選茶，相傳，中國的一位帝王于五千年前發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶，并用來治病，在明清(the qing dynasties)期間，茶館遍布全國，飲茶在六世紀傳到日本，但直到18世紀才傳到歐美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的飲料(beverage)之一，茶是中國的瑰寶。也是中國傳統(tǒng)和文化的重要組成部分。

【翻譯答案】“Would you like tea or coffee?” That’s a question people often asked when having meal.Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea.According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease.During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country.Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America.Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an

important part of Chinese tradition and culture.試卷四：中國結(jié)【真題原文】中國結(jié)最初是由手工藝人發(fā)明的，經(jīng)過數(shù)百年不斷的改進，已經(jīng)成為一種優(yōu)雅多彩的藝術(shù)和工藝。在古代，人們用它來記錄事件，但現(xiàn)在主要是用于裝飾的目的?！敖Y(jié)”在中文里意味著愛情，婚姻和團聚,中國結(jié)常常作為禮物交換或作為飾品祈求好運和辟邪。這種形式的手工藝代代相傳，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在中國和世界各地越來越受歡迎。

【翻譯答案】The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen.After hundreds of years of continuous improvement，it has become a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts.In the ancient times，people used it to record the events，but now it was used mainly for decorative purposes.In Chinese, the knot means love, marriage and reunion, and is often a jewelry used for gift exchange or praying for good luck and warding off evil spirits.This form of handicrafts pass down from generation to generation, and

then it has become increasingly popular in China and around the world.1.元宵節(jié)： Lantern Festival

2.刺繡：embroidery

3.重陽節(jié)：Double-Ninth Festival

4.清明節(jié)：Tomb sweeping day

5.剪紙：Paper Cutting

6.書法：Calligraphy

7.對聯(lián)：(Spring Festival)Couplets

8.象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters

9.人才流動：Brain Drain/Brain Flow

10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle

11.戰(zhàn)國：Warring States

12.風水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen

13.鐵飯碗：Iron Bowl

14.函授部：The Correspondence Department

15.集體舞：Group Dance

16.黃土高原：Loess Plateau

17.紅白喜事：Weddings and Funerals

18.中秋節(jié)：Mid-Autumn Day

19.結(jié)婚證：Marriage Certificate

20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture

21.附屬學校：Affiliated school

22.古裝片：Costume Drama

23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie

24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling(Soup)

25.一國兩制：One Country, Two Systems

26.火鍋：Hot Pot

27.四人幫：Gang of Four

28.《詩經(jīng)》：The Book of Songs

29.素質(zhì)教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education

30.《史記》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian

31.大躍進：Great Leap Forward(Movement)

32.《西游記》：The Journey to the West

33.除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival

34.針灸：Acupuncture

35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery

36.中國特色的社會主義：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics

37.偏旁：radical

38.孟子：Mencius

39.亭/閣： Pavilion/ Attic

40.大中型國有企業(yè)：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises

41.火藥：gunpowder

42.農(nóng)歷：Lunar Calendar

43.印/璽：Seal/Stamp

44.物質(zhì)精神文明建設(shè)：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization

45.京?。築eijing Opera/Peking Opera

46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera

47.太極拳：Tai Chi

48.獨生子女證：The Certificate of One-child

49.天壇：Altar ofHeaven in Beijing

50.小吃攤：Snack Bar/Snack Stand

51.紅雙喜：Double Happiness

52.政治輔導員：Political Counselor/School Counselor

53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)

54.蓮藕：Lotus Root

55.追星族：Star Struck

56.故宮博物院：The Palace Museum

57.相聲：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue

58.下崗：Lay off/Laid off

59.北京烤鴨：Beijing Roast Duck

60.高等自學考試：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education

61.煙花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker

62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves

63.電視小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit

64.香港澳門同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao

65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution

66.長江中下游地區(qū)：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River

67.門當戶對：Perfect Match/Exact Match

68.《水滸》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh

69.中外合資企業(yè)：Joint Ventures

70.文房四寶（筆墨紙硯）：“The Four Treasure of the Study” “Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone”

71.兵馬俑：cotta Warriors/ Terracotta Army

72.旗袍：cheongsam

第四篇：英語四級翻譯

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析10

如今，越來越多的大學生抱怨很難找到好工作。造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因如下：首先，大學生把在校的大多數(shù) 時間都用在了專業(yè)學科學習上，只有當他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓。其次，大 學生之間的競爭也越來越激烈，這導致任何一名大學生找到工作的機會都變小了。因此，強烈建議大學生在 課余時間做一些兼職工作，以積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗。

參考答案

Nowadays, more and more university students complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job.The reasons for this phenomenon are as follows: First, college students spend most of their time at school studying academic subjects and it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training.Second, competition among graduates has become more and more fierce.And this results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job.Therefore, it is highly suggested that college students should do some part-time jobs in their spare time to accumulate relevant working experience.難點精析

1.抱怨很難找到好工作：翻譯為complain about having great difficulties in finding a good job。其中“抱怨做某事”用句型complain about doing sth.表示，having great difficulties in finding a good job表示“找工作有困難”，用到了句型have difficulties in doing sth.。

2.只有當他們開始找工作的時候，才意識到自己缺乏必要的職業(yè)培訓：翻譯為it is only when they start looking for a job that they realize they lack necessary job training?！挥挟?才 ’’用強調(diào)句型it is only when?that?表示。，3.導致：翻譯為results in,同義短語有l(wèi)ead to和bring about，但是表示不好的結(jié)果時一般用短語result in。

4.強烈建議：翻譯為it is highly suggested that...，其中highly suggested也可以用 strongly recommended 替換，都表示“強烈建議做某事”。

5.積累相關(guān)的工作經(jīng)驗：翻譯為accumulate relevant working experience.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析9

茶馬古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)兩邊，生活著20多個少數(shù) 民族。不同的地方有著各自美麗而神奇的自然風景和傳統(tǒng)文化，比 如:大理，麗江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅魯藏布江大峽谷和布 達拉宮(Potala Palace)。古道的兩旁有廟宇、巖石壁畫、騷站(post ?house),古橋和木板路，還有少數(shù)民族舞蹈和民族服裝。時至今天，雖然這條古道的蹤跡都消失了，但它的文化和歷史價值仍然存在。

參考譯文

Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori?ties.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析8

就像向中國出售商品的公司會看到收益有損失一樣，中國經(jīng)濟 活動放緩有著世界性的影響。包括澳大利亞、巴西和東南亞在內(nèi)的 其他國家近年來都看到了巨大的利潤，因為中國對自然資源有需求。中國的需求下降巳經(jīng)對很多商品的價格有了影響。上周，中國財政 部長樓繼偉表示,今年的經(jīng)濟增長可能為7%,而這不一定是“底線”。

A slowdown in economic activity in China has a global impact as companies that sell to China may see revenues suffer.Countries includ?ing Australia, Brazil and others in South East Asia have seen huge profits in recent years because of Chinese demand for natural resources.The fall in demand from China has already had an impact on the prices of many commodities.Last week，China’s Finance Minister Lou Jiwei indicated that economic growth could be 7% for the year, and that this may not be the “bottom line”

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析7

乒乓球在中國是一項頗受歡迎和推崇的運動。長期以來，它的確是中國唯一的運動，似乎集足球、籃球和棒球于一身，但卻更受歡迎。任何人都可以打乒乓球，所需的只是一副拍子(paddle)、一個球、一張桌子和一張網(wǎng)而已，這些都易于臨時拼湊(improvise)。人們可以在休息間隙或消磨時間時打兵兵球。在中國的學校、工廠甚至某些公司里，都能找到乒兵球桌。

參考答案:

Table tennis is a sport which gains much popularity and praise in China.For a long time, it has really been the only sport in China and seemed to set football,basketball and baseball all rolled into one, but it was more popular.Anyone can play table tennis, for all required are a pair of paddles and ball and a table and net, which are easy to be improvised.People can play it when taking a break or killing time.You can find table-tennis tables in schools, factories or even some companies all over China.2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析6

1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學校長。在此之前，他已經(jīng)是一位聲名卓著的自然科學家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當了十三年大學校長。在連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭、學運的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環(huán)境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時只有三個學院、十六個系的大學辦成了擁有七個學院、二十七個學系全國最完整的兩所大學之一。

In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，分析: 顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個詞還有另外一層意思就是“無家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語譯出，可以表達這是一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。

2014年12月大學英語四級翻譯練習及解析5

中國公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國公司想增加在中國的銷量，這些都正改變著中國的設(shè)計產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國制造商意識到，若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國公司也開始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計的產(chǎn)品拿到中國來賣，而現(xiàn)在，中國消費者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。

參考答案:

Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計更好的產(chǎn)品。

分析:

這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個詞語可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。

第五篇：英語四級翻譯

1.琴棋書畫

中國人最懂得消遣，中國從前的讀書人，閑暇時間以琴棋書畫作為消遣。在中國人看來，藝術(shù)品的好壞，意味著作者人格的高低，所以彈琴、下棋、寫字和繪畫，都代表一個人的修養(yǎng)。彈琴不是要做音樂家，而是隨著美妙的琴聲，進入一個遼闊的世界，凈化自己的心靈。下棋不是為了勝負，而是磨練耐性和使人眼光遠大。寫字不僅是把字寫漂亮，同時也是為了陶冶情操。繪畫則是借著畫面上的簡單線條，表現(xiàn)自己的想象的世界。

Music, chess, calligraphy and painting

Chinese people have the best idea about recreation.Scholars of ancient times enjoyed themselves through music, chess, calligraphy and painting in their leisure time.In the eyes of the Chinese people, the quality of the artifacts is a reflection of the character of the creator.Thus, playing musical instruments, playing chess, writing calligraphy or painting show one’s culture.By playing music, one does not aim to be a musician but to enter a broader world, purifying one’s soul in the beautiful music.By playing chess, one does not aim to be the winner but to cultivate patience and foresight.By calligraphy, one aims not only to write beautifully but also to improve his mind.Through painting, one expresses an imaginary world with simple lines.2.孝

孝是中國人的一種最重要的民族美德?？鬃诱J為孝道是各種美德的基礎(chǔ)。孟子認為，如果人人都能孝順父母，尊敬長輩，就可以使天下太平。一個人如果能盡孝道，就不會做出越禮犯法的行為。而且，孝順父母的人往往性情淳厚，有見義勇為的品德，對于公益事業(yè)一定熱心。社會的組成分子如果能推廣孝順父母的品德，熱心公益，就會使社會更容易進步。Filial piety Filial piety is the most important national virtue to the Chinese people.Confucius considered it to be the foundation of other virtues.Mencius believed that if everyone had filial piety for his parents and respect for older generations, there would be peace in the world.Those with filial piety will break neither etiquette nor the law.Such people are usually simple in nature, courageous in a just cause and enthusiastic in promoting the public good for sure.If society is eager for filial piety and ardent for the public good, it will be easier to make progress.3.中文

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，使他們認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處---既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎完全改變了。曾幾何時，他們還驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學習中文和中國文化，而且還不時送孩子來中國游覽，欣賞壯觀的自然風光，了解豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

Chinese language An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with English education background have realized how important it is for their children to command Chinese as well as to master indispensable English.The rise of china has awakened their awareness of the benefits of bilingual study of their children, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with tow different cultures: the Oriental and the Occidental.They have almost completely changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they only knew English.Now, they have begun to positively support their children’s study of Chinese and Chinese culture, and send them on frequent visits to China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and learn its cultural heritage.4.元宵節(jié)

正月十五元宵節(jié)是中華民族的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，也是春節(jié)之后的第一個重要節(jié)日。這是一年中第一個月圓之夜，也是大地回春的夜晚，人們對此加以慶祝，也是慶賀新春的延續(xù)。按中國民間的傳統(tǒng)，在這天上皓月懸掛的夜晚，人們要點起彩燈萬盞，以示慶賀。中國幅員遼闊，歷史悠久，所以關(guān)于元宵節(jié)的習俗在全國各地也不盡相同，其中吃元宵、賞花燈、猜燈謎等是元宵節(jié)重要的民間習俗。Lantern festival The lantern festival on the 15th day of the first month in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, and the first important one after Spring Festival.This is the first full moon night of the year, and also marks the return of spring, for which people continue their celebration of the New Year.In keeping with folk tradition in china, people light thousands of color lanterns for celebration on this moon-lit night.Because of its vast territory and long history, china has many different customs for Lantern Festival across the country, among which eating yuanxiao(sweet, sticky rice dumplings), admiring beautiful lanterns and guessing lantern riddles are the most important.5.中國傳統(tǒng)文化

中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠流長。早在兩千多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的道家學說。從孔夫子到孫中山，中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有許多珍品，比如強調(diào)仁愛、強調(diào)群體、強調(diào)天下為公、特別是強調(diào)吃苦耐勞、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些都對家庭、社會和國家都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。

Traditional Chinese Culture

Traditional Chinese Culture, extensive and profound, enjoys a long history.More than 2000 years ago Chinese Confucianism and Taoism emerged, founded by Confucius and Mencius, and Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, respectively.From example, it stresses the importance of kindness and love, the interests of the community, the idea that the world is for all, and especially the traditional virtues such as diligence and endurance, respecting teachers and valuing education.All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the society and the country.6.誠信原則

中國人以前都生活在大家庭李，有很多親戚相互來往。男人在外面做事謀生，也會結(jié)交許多朋友。中國人交朋友，秉持的最重要的原則是“誠”和“信”。自己以誠心待人，自然可以換來真實的友誼；尊重別人，自然會被尊重。而且要信守諾言，絕不欺騙。中國人不僅把這些原則應(yīng)用在私人的交往上，在和其他國家辦理外交的時候，也同樣遵守這些原則。

Sincerity and faithfulness In the past, the Chinese lived in extended family groups, with many relatives as their social contacts.The men of the family would also make many friends in the course of making their way in the world.Chinese people try to maintain two most important principles in friendship: sincerity and faithfulness.They exchange sincerity for true friendship as might be expected, and receive respect by respecting others.They keep their promises without deceit.Chinese people not only apply these principles in personal contacts, but also follow them in their diplomatic relations with other countries.7.中藥

眾所周知，在最近兩百年之前的大部分時間里，人類一直依賴傳統(tǒng)藥物與疾病斗爭。各大文明古國幾乎都有自己的民族醫(yī)藥體系，其中又以中國的中醫(yī)藥體系最為完備，成就最大。可以說，中國的中醫(yī)藥體系是古代醫(yī)藥科學的最高表現(xiàn)。中藥絕大部分來源于天然的植物，其次是動物、礦物等。中國各地使用的中藥已達5000種左右，用各種藥材配成的方劑，更是數(shù)不勝數(shù)。

Chinese medicine As is commonly known, until the most recent two centuries people fought against disease with traditional drugs.Ancient civilizations all had their own national drug system, among which the Chinese system was the most comprehensive and achieved the greatest results.We could say that the Chinese traditional drug system is the supreme representation of the type.Traditional Chinese drugs come mostly from natural plants.With some from animals and minerals.There are about 5000 traditional drugs in use across China, and countless prescriptions made with those drugs.8.清明節(jié)

清明節(jié)是中國人掃墓的日子。中國人的鄉(xiāng)土觀念很重，他們認為世界雖然廣大，但只有自己曾經(jīng)親手耕耘過的這塊土地最可愛。這塊土地屬于他們，同樣的，他們也屬于這塊土地。傳說從前中國人出遠門的時候，身邊總要帶一包故鄉(xiāng)的泥土，這樣他就不會輕易生病。一個人即使死在他鄉(xiāng)，他的家人總要想辦法把他的遺體運回去，葬在故鄉(xiāng)的土地上。

Tomb-sweeping Day Tomb-sweeping day is the day for Chinese people to pay respect to their ancestors at their graves.Chinese people have strong loyalty to their hometown, believing the land they have cultivated is the most precious, no matter where they may go in the vast world.The land belongs to them and they belong in their own land.It is said that Chinese people of ancient times, when out of town, would take some soil from their hometown to protect them from illness.When one dies in a foreign land, his family will go to great lengths to carry back his remains to be buried in his own land.9.中國畫

中國畫線條簡單，卻能給人無限的想象空間。所以中國人看畫，事實上是在心里作畫。也許有人會問： 中國的山水畫家為什么老是喜歡畫一些簡陋的茅房，而不畫高大的建筑呢？這是因為中國人覺得物質(zhì)生活是短暫的，人的精神卻是永恒的。一個人如果領(lǐng)悟了天地的遼闊，山水的永久，他還能不覺察自己的渺小，而變得謙虛嗎？

Chinese Painting Chinese painting, though simple in line, inspires a boundless realm of imagination.Therefore, when Chinese people appreciate their paintings, they are actually painting in their mind.Some may ask: why do Chinese landscape painters love to paint shabby cottages instead of high buildings? It is because they sense the brevity of physical life but the eternity of the human spirit.If one realizes the boundlessness of heaven and earth and the eternity of mountains and rivers, how could he be otherwise than humble at his own insignificance in the universe?

10.世界多元文化

一個音符無法表達出優(yōu)美的旋律，一種顏色難以描繪出多彩的畫卷。世界是一座豐富多彩的藝術(shù)殿堂，各國人民創(chuàng)造的獨特文化都是這座殿堂里的瑰寶。人類歷史發(fā)展的過程，就是各種文明不斷交流、融合、創(chuàng)新的過程。人類歷史上各種文明都以各自的獨特方式為人類進步做出了貢獻。我們應(yīng)該積極維護世界多樣性，推動不同文明的對話和交融，相互借鑒而不是相互排斥，使人類更加和睦幸福，讓世界更加豐富多彩。

Cultural Diversity

A composer cannot write an enchanting melody with only one note, and a painter cannot paint a landscape with only one pigment.The world is a treasure house displaying unique cultural achievements created by people from all countries.The history of human development is the process of different civilizations interacting with each other for mutual enrichment, and all civilization have contributed to the progress of mankind in their own way.We should uphold the diversity of the world, enhance dialogue and interaction between civilizations, and draw on each other’s strengths instead of being mutually exclusive.When this is done, mankind will enjoy greater harmony and happiness, and the world will become a more colorful place to live.11.端午節(jié)

根據(jù)傳說，楚國政治家兼詩人屈原憂國憂時，在五月五日投江自盡。人們敬愛這位愛國詩人，駕船尋找他的遺體，卻沒有找到。后來人們把糯米包在竹葉里面，做成粽子，駕著小船到達出事地點，把粽子丟到水里，當做祭品，這就是粽子和龍舟比賽的起源。在南方水鄉(xiāng)，每年端午節(jié)都有龍舟比賽。

Dragon Boat Festival

According to legend, Qu Yuan, a politician and poet in the Chu Kingdom of ancient China, jumped into the river on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, committing suicide in his concern about the current circumstances and future fate of the country.In their reverence for the patriotic poet, people rowed out in boats to make glutinous rice dumplings, rowed to the site of the suicide, and threw them into the water as a sacrifice.This is the origin of both glutinous rice dumplings and the dragon boat race.In the riverside towns of south China, there dragon boat races every Dragon Boat Festival.12.孔子學院（Confucius Institute）是中國在世界各地設(shè)立的教育和文化交流機構(gòu)。推廣漢語、傳播中國文化是設(shè)立該機構(gòu)的目的?？鬃訉W院最重要的一項工作就是給世界各地的漢語學習者提供標準的教材以及正規(guī)的漢語學習渠道。全球首家孔子學院于2004年在韓國首爾（Seoul）成立，目前已遍布106個國家?？鬃訉W院有力地推動了中國文化的交流與融合（integration）。

Confucius Institute is an institute of education and cultural communication established by China all over the world.Its aim is to promote Chinese language and spread Chinese culture.The most important task of Confucius Institute is to provide standard textbooks and a formal channel to learn Chinese for learners all over the world.The first Confucius Institute opened in 2004 in Seoul, South Korea.At present, it has been established in 106 countries.Confucius Institute has greatly promoted the exchange and integration of cultures between China and the rest of the world.13.大熊貓被稱為“中國國寶”（China’s national treasure）是中國特有的動物。大熊貓外表黑白相間，體型肥胖，是一種溫順可愛的動物。它們主要生活在中國西南地區(qū)，80%以上分布于四川境內(nèi)。它們習慣居住在溫暖潮濕的環(huán)境中，喜歡吃竹類。由于生育率低，對生活環(huán)境的要求又相當高，它們的數(shù)量越來越少。中國政府早已意識到這一問題的嚴重性，所以做出了很多努力來保護這一瀕危物種。

Referred to as “China’s national treasure”, panda is an animal unique to China.With a black and white coat as well as a fat body, it is a gentle and lovely animal.Pandas live mainly in the southwest part of china, over 80% of them living in Sichuan Province.They are accustomed to living in warm and wet environment.Bamboo is their favorite food.Because of low birth rate and high requirement for living environment, the number of pandas is declining.Having realized the seriousness of the problem, Chinese government has made a lot of efforts to protect the endangered species.