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      初三英語返校測試[合集5篇]

      時間:2019-05-12 19:22:04下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《初三英語返校測試》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《初三英語返校測試》。

      第一篇:初三英語返校測試

      初三返校測試

      一.單選 1._____ woman in a purple skirt is Betty’s mother.A.TheB.AC.AnD./ 2.Can you find New York _____ this map of America?A.inB.atC.ofD.on 3.My aunt has two children.But____ of them lives with her.A.eachB.neitherC.eitherD.both 4._____room is big and bright.They like it very much.A.Tom and SamB.Tom’s and Sam C.Tom and Sam’sD.Tom’s and Sam’s 5.I didn’t know he came back ______ I met him in the street.A.sinceB.whenC.untilD.after 6.Don’t just believe the advertisement.That camera is ____ it says.A.as good asB.not as good asC.as well asD.not as well as 7.---Must I finish the work today, Mom?---No, you ____.You can finish it tomorrow.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t 8.I’ll do it better if the teacher ___ me another chance.A.giveB.givesC.gaveD.will give 9._____ pretty your dress is!Where did you get it?A.HowB.How aC.WhatD.What a 10.When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she ____ the piano.A.is playingB.plays C.was playing D.played 11.---Peter, ____ do you visit your grandparents?---Twice a month.A.how longB.how soonC.how farD.how often 12.Henry speaks Chinese very well.He __ in China since 2002.A.stays B.stayedC.is staying D.has stayed 13.How much does the ticket ____ from Shanghai to Beijing?A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay 14.You bought s new computer last week, _____you?A.aren’tB.don’tC.didn’tD.haven’t 15.There _____ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening.A.will haveB.is going to beC.is going to haveD.is having 16.Do you know the man ___ is sitting behind Nancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom 17.We ____ to close the window before we left the lab.A.tellB.toldC.are toldD.were told 18.The menu has so many good things!I can’t decide _____.A.what to eatB.how to eatC.where to eatD.when to eat 19.He ____ a piece of waste paper, nd put it into the rubbish bag.A.picked upB.threw awayC.looked forD.handed in 20.I didn’t understand ______, so I raised my hand to ask.A.what my teacher saysB.what does my teacher sayC.what my teacher saidD.what did my teacher say 二.完型 Dragon Head-Raising(龍?zhí)ь^)Day is a traditional Chinese festival.It comes on theday of the second lunar(農(nóng)歷的)month.In 2010, it isMarch 7.On the day in ancient times, people put paths of ashes(灰)into kitchens and around water vats(缸).This wasthe dragon into the house.On this day people eat noodles, dumplings and fried pancakes.All the day’s foods areafter dragons.For example, people eat “dragon whisker(龍須)” called “dragons teeth”.In some ancient Chinese stories, dragons have power over the wind and rain.They oftenrain to the world on the second day of the second lunar month.It is said that after that day there will be more and more rain.This is the day is often called “Spring Dragon Day”.It was hoped that the help of the dragon, ploughing(耕種)would be easier and the autumn would bring a good harvest.It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month brought luck to the uncles in family.This is why you still see many people their hair cut on Dragon Head-Raising Day.1.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth 2.A.inB.atC.duringD.on 3.A.ledB.leadC.to leadD.be led 4.A.namedB.namingC.callingD.to call 5.A.noodle and dumplingB.noodles and dumplingC.noodles and dumplingsD.noodle and dumplings 6.A.bringB.takeC.carryD.lend

      7.A.becauseB.whyC.whenD.that

      8.A.underB.inC.withD.by 9.A.goodB.badC.betterD.worst 10.A.was gettingB.to getC.gotD.getting 三.閱讀 Like many people, I have no clear idea about heroes.At some point, we all wonder if we need a hero and

      what a hero really is.Although there are a lot of differences in cultures, heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics(特點)which give us courage and make us want to learn from them.A hero does something worth talking about.A hero has a special story to tell and people think highly of it.But a hero is not

      just the person with great fame(聲譽).A hero has powers(力量)larger than himself.Some people want to live like a hero, and they have to experience life with new and further meaning.A sure test for would-be heroes is

      what or whom they serve.What do they want to live and die for? If the answer suggests they serve only their power to move people.He creates new possibilities.Without Gandhi, India might still be part of Britain.Without Martin Luther King, Jr., Americans might take different buses, eat in different restaurants, go for walks in different parks, and shop in different stores because of the different colours of their skin.There might be changes

      in society without a hero, but the speed of change would be rather slow.Thanks to heroes in history, they make the society develop so rapidly.1.According to this passage, a hero is a person who always __________.A.gives us courageB.thinks highly of othersC.shares great fameD.stands on the mountaintop 2.If you want to live like a hero, you should __________.A.experience a new and meaningful lifeB.listen to something worth talking aboutC.serve your own fame and try to be famousD.know where and how you want to live and die 3.The underlined word “vision” in the passage means “______”.A.風(fēng)景B.想象C.遠見D.形象

      4.Black people in America used to _____ before Martin Luther King, Jr..A.shop at the white’s storesB.drive buses with the white

      C.take walks in the white’s parksD.eat in restaurants without the white5.What can we learn from the passage?

      A.We don’t need heroes anymore at some point now.B.Heroes are all the same though different in cultures.C.People get power from heroes to move to a new place.D.Our society has developed faster because of heroes in history.四.連詞成句注意第五題詞形變化 1.schoolbag, is, your, it _____________________________________________________________________?2.he ,laugh ,always, makes, me._______________________________________________________________.3.afternoon, we, football, will, tomorrow, play____________________________________________________.4.I, do, not, am, next, sure, what, to ____________________________________________________________.5.just, work, wonderful, he, what, do ___________________________________________________________!五.詞匯 Dear Dad, The day before yesterday was Father’s Day.I couldn’t celebrate it for you because I was busy taking the high entrance exam.But I have said “I love you , Dad!” in my heart many times.You are an ordinary(普通的)man ,but in my eyes ,you are the __1___(great)father in the world.Every time I have trouble, you always give me advice and help me out.I remember once I __2___(fail)in a competition ,and I felt very upset.Instead of complaining, you just said to me ___3__(quiet), “It doesn’t matter.A real man must learn to face many failures in life bravely.Cheer up!”Dad , I am not going to buy you anything as a present because I don’t think it express my thanks to you.I’ll try my best to get good__4__(grade).I think that is the best present you are looking forward to ___5__(get).I’m sure I won’t let you down.Hope my dear dad is healthy forever.1.__________2._____________3._____________4.____________5.___________

      第二篇:初三形成測試英語試卷0910

      洛社初中初三形成測試英語試卷

      命題人:張韻審核人:濮曉敏2009-10-9(10%)

      1.Computer is one of the most useful ____________(發(fā)明)in our life.2.The mother was____________(自豪的)of her daughter for her success.3.What you said was already___________(記錄)by the nurse.4.You’d better practice more to __________(改善)your spoken English.5.Do you know colors can _________(影響)our moods(心情)?6.It’ wise of you to bring your___________(傘), boys and girls.7.There is a lot of ___________(可獲得的)information here.Anyone can get some if he needs.8.The students are doing an ______________(實驗)in the chemistry laboratory.9.Simon told us a __________(幽默的)story and made us laugh.10.Scientists are all interested in _____________(克隆)every living thing in the future.二.詞形變化:(10%)

      1.People in South China live ___________ on rice.(most)

      2.Without any help, the work seems even ______________.(tough)

      3.Look!How _____________ those boys and girls are doing things!(different)

      4.Max will go to the USA for ____________ education after finishing high school next year.(far)5.---Do you know the ___________ on TV?(interview)

      ----Of course.They’re Shui Junyi and Bai Yansong from CCTV.6.How many___________(operate)does an OBIS doctor do on the plane? 7.The sick man needed ____________(medicine)treatment badly.8.He is such an_____________(patient)doctor that no patients like him.9.Peter has ______________(probable)gone to Beijing.10.The boy is so___________(energy).He never stops running around 三.單項選擇:(20%)

      1.Yesterday ____ 8-year-old boy fell into the river._____ boy was saved by _____ policeman.A.an, A, aB.an, The, aC.a, The, theD.a, An, the 2.The old man _________in the county, but now he _________in the city.A.is used to living, used to liveB.used to live, is used to livingC.is used to living, was used to livingD.used to living, is used to live 3.All the walkers have to finish _________within 48hours without any rest.A.an 100-kilometre trailB.a 100 kilometre’s trailC.an 100 kilometres’ trailD.a 100-kilometre trail 4.The workers____________ their work until midnight.A.carried on doB.carried on withC.carried on with doingD.carried with doing 5.It’s silly __________ him _________others________ their mistakes.A.for;not to forgive, forB.of;not to forgive, ofC.of;not to forgive, forD.for, not forgive,of

      6.Who ___________ by the doctors last night?

      A.was operatedB.was operated onC.operate onD.operate 7.---Don’t worry, Tom.I think you will be the best chairperson.---_________.A.I’m sure.B.All right.C.I don’t mind.D.Thank you.I will do my best.8.The students spent ______________ the composition.A.more two hours to writeB.another two hours to writeC.two more hours writingD.two another days writing 9.The river is too wide for the swimmers_________.A.to swimB.to swim inC.to swim acrossD.swimming10.It was __________hard work that __________many people failed.A.such, soB.such a, soC.so, suchD.so, so

      11.You will find __________to learn to search the Internet.Most of people learn it all by themselves.A.that easilyB.that easyC.it easilyD.it easy 12.When________the sports meeting _________? In half a month.A.will, take placeB.will, be taken placeC.was happenedD.did happen

      13.This bad news made all of them.The sentence element of the underlined word is _____? A.Indirect ObjectB.Direct ObjectC.PredicateD.Object Complement 14.The girl is __________ worried about her study.To worry __________is good.A.too much, much tooB.much too, much tooC.too much, too muchD.much too, too much 15.My mother is ___________ to listen to my long story.A.too patientB.patient enoughC.enough patientD.impatient enough 1 16.Is there __________________________ in China Daily?

      A something important enoughB anything important enoughC.enough important somethingD anything enough important 17.Nothing can _________ us __________the work.A.keep, finishingB.prevent, to finishC.prevent, finishingD.stop, finish 18.The children can____________ a team of six according to their ages.A.group, into.B.be grouped toC.be grouping intoD.be grouped into 19.We should start at once,________, we will miss the train.A.soB.otherwiseC.thoughD.but

      20.Do you mind my__________ on the radio?__________.The baby is sleep.A.turning ,Never mind.B.turn,Not at all.C.turning , Better not.D.to turn, Of course.四.動詞填空:(10%)

      1.Can they afford __________(travel)to foreign countries by plane?

      2._________you____________(forgive)him for his mistakes if he says sorry to you ?3.He always tries what he can ____________(help)others.4.What nice photos!Where did you have them______________(take)?

      5.The number of the Chinese speakers in the world _____________(become)bigger and bigger now.6.Did you go out that morning? No, never.I _____________(write)a letter the whole morning.7.Do you have a dictionary? Yes, but it mustn’t______________(keep)for a long time.8.He is worrying about______________(not have)close friend.9.My father ______________(give)up___________(smoke)recently.五.完成句子:(10%)

      1我們認為他很謙虛,不炫耀。

      We think ___________________ of him not to _______________________..2.當我進來的時候你在和他爭什么?

      What _______________________________________with him when I came in? 3.我們沒有足夠的時間做額外的工作了,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)你是最合適的人選。

      We don’t have ___________________________and we find you are _________________ person.4任何人都不能看不起殘疾人。The disabled mustn’t ______________________________by anyone.5.這是對雷鋒精神進行研究的一次極好機會。

      It’s __________________to study_________________________ of Lei Feng.6.我希望你不介意給我們提供更多的幫助。

      I hope you won’t mind ____________________________________ some more help.7.如果他想?yún)⒓哟壬菩凶?,他需要注意些什么?/p>

      What does he ________________________________if he wants to join the charity walk? 六.完形填空:(10%)

      Some people believe that same star signs get along better with each other than other star signs.Perhaps we should first start with those signs that are incompatible(合不來的).Aries and Leo are not a is strong and confident.Also, Pisces and Taurus are not a good pair.Taurus is practical and will not be Taurus can be stubborn and Capricorn is patient and would be prepared to wait for Taurus to change his likes beautiful things.The perfect pair are Libra and Scorpio.Libra does not like to and loves peace.Libra will never ask Scorpio about his or her secrets.In addition, Libra will be quite happy to watch Scorpio things.Sagittarius and Gemini are also a perfect match.Sagittarius Virgo and Aquarius are a good match too.Sometimes, however, there can be problems in theirA B C D()1 All Both One Each

      ()2 enough impatient impatient enough patient enoughenough patient()3 dream dreams to dream dreaming()4 mind secret name details()5 bad badly well good()6 save time argue dream doing()7 to do does did doing()8 look at look discover look after()9 listen

      listen to

      listening tolistening()10 a lot of lots ofmany a lot

      七.閱讀理解:(20%)

      A

      Jenny felt more confident about her day after reading about her star sign.She always followed the advice the newspaper recommended for her sign: Virgo.One morning, it said: “Be careful not to answer any phone calls you get this week, or you could miss a great opportunity!” “I think I am patient enough not to answer the phone for a week,” thought Jenny.Twenty minutes later, Jenny’s mobile phone rang.It was the company that she worked for.They were calling to tell her that she needed to go into the office early that day, but Jenny did not answer the phone.When she arrived at work, her boss was angry that Jenny, his only secretary, was four hours late.Her boss became even angrier when he noticed that she did not answer the phone all day.When the same thing happened the next day, Jenny’s boss became impatient and told her to go home!During the rest of the week, Jenny did not answer a single preson on her birthday.On Monday morning, Jenny rushed downstairs to read her star sign’s advice for the week.She felt very silly after reading an apology for a mistake the newspaper made in last week’s issue.Virgo’s advice should have been: “Be careful to answer any phone calls you get this week”.“Not” was put in by mistake.()1.Why did Jenny always do what the newspaper recommended?

      A.Because it made her feel more confident about her day B.Because she did not like to talk on the phone C.Because she could not make decisions by herself D.Because it made her feel impatient

      ()2.Why did Jenny arrive at work later than her boss wanted her to?

      A.Because she did not like her boss

      B.Because her star sign told her to be late to work

      C.Because she did not know her boss wanted her to be early D.Because her phone was broken

      ()3.Why did Jenny not answer her phone all week?

      A.Because she could not hear it

      B.Because she did not like speaking to anyone C.Because the newspaper told her to

      D.Because the newspaper had made a mistake

      ()4.Why did her star sign’s advice make her feel sad?

      A.Because she made her boss angry B.Because her boss made her go home

      C.Because the newspaper had made a mistake

      D.Because she did not speak to anyone on her birthday

      ()5.What is the correct information on Jenny’s star sign?

      A.Answer any calls you get

      B.Answer as many phone calls as you want

      C.Do not answer any calls you get D.Do not answer your phone all week

      B

      In 1816, there were no schools for the deaf in America.Several people started a few schools, but in the end all of the schools closed.There were too many problems.The first people to succeed were Laurent Clerc and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet.They opened their school in 1817, and the school didn’t close.At that time it was the only school for the deaf children in America!4他也富有創(chuàng)造力,常為班級想出好點子。

      5.他也很慷慨……(請用一到兩句來舉例說明)Dear Principle,I’d like to recommend Peter as the new chairperson of the Students’ Union._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

      __________________________________________________________________________________Clerc and Gallaudet did not know what would happen after they opened their school.They worked very hard.The school grew, and many more studentsThese new students were from all over the country.People thought the school would be big enough for all of the deaf children in America.The school is still open today, but the name was changed.Today it is called the American school for the Deaf.It is in West Hartford, Connecticut.After Clerc and Gallaudet established(成立)their school, many others were opened.Before Gallaudet’s death in 1851, 15 other schools for deaf children were built!Many of the teachers at those 15 schools used Gallaudet’s teaching methods(方法).Many had even studied with Gallaudet and were deaf themselves!

      ()1.Laurent Clerc and Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet were the first people who _______.A.wanted to build a school for the deaf in the USA

      B.succeeded in opening their school for the deaf in America

      C.succeeded in opening their school for the deaf all over the world D.succeeded in making the deaf speak as ordinary(普通)people

      ()2.The underlined word “enroll ” in the second paragraph may mean _______.A.入學(xué)B.輟學(xué)C.招工D.工作

      ()3.Which of the following is TRUE about Clerc and Gallaudet’s school?

      A.Its students were from all over the USA.B.Its students were from all over the world.C.All deaf children in America were their schools.D.Its students were only from Connecticut, the USA.()4.What was the name of the school when it was opened in 1817?

      A.The American School for the Deaf.B.The Connecticut School for the Deaf.C.The West Hartford School for the Deaf.D.The passage doesn’t tell us.()5.When Gallaudet died in 1851, there were ______ school(s)for deaf children in the USA.A.only oneB.fifteenC.sixteenD fourteen.八.書面表達:(10%)

      假設(shè)你是Millie,要給校長寫信,推薦Peter當學(xué)生會新主席,詞數(shù)80左右,內(nèi)容如下: 1.Peter是我校最優(yōu)秀學(xué)生之一,有著很多良好的個人品質(zhì)。2.他樂于助人,也有耐心,?;ㄔS多時間為我們講解難題。3.他勤奮聰明,考試經(jīng)常取得好成績。Yours sincerelyMillie

      加試題:(20分)

      一.動詞填空:(10分)

      1.The blue wall looks so nice.When__________ it _________(paint)?.2.China is the third country _____________(send)the spacemen into the space.3.An e-mail address should_____________(need)when you want to send an e-mail.4.This is the best film that I ________________(see)so far.5.While they______________(discuss)how to prevent accidents, another accident happened.6.Letters _____________(collect)from his postbox at 4:00 every afternoon.7.What do you think made the girl _______________(cry)yesterday?

      8.If it_____________(not be)rainy tomorrow, the workers will water the flowers.9.Many people _________________(use)to shopping on the Internet in the past few years.10.The first step towards ____________(protect)the environment is to try to throw away less rubbish.二.缺詞填空:(10分)Dear Mr.Chairperson,I would like to offer you my congratulations on the wonderful job you are doing as the new chairperson of our students’ union.You have c___1____ the students’ restaurant into a great place to be.I never u____2___ to eat there before because it was so cold and unfriendly.However, you have been p____3___ enough to spend time changing it into a really good place to meet friends and have lunch.I am from the drama club.The club will organize a big party at the end of the school year because we think it would be really good f____4_____ all the students to have a party to c____5____ the end of the school year.We hope the students’ union will help us o____6_____ the party.I will be the main organizer of the party.I am a very c____7___ and hard-working person.I am also creative enough to c______8____ up with ideas to make the party really s___9______.I can work well with other people and I am able to listen to others’ ideas too.I think I have all the q__10_____ to organize an excellent party and I will be very happy to meet you to talk about it more.1.______________ 2._________________ 3.______________ 4._____________ 5._______________ 6.______________ 7._________________ 8.______________ 9._____________ 10.______________

      第三篇:初三學(xué)生返校復(fù)課通知[范文模版]

      初三學(xué)生返校復(fù)課通知

      在日新月異的現(xiàn)代社會中,我們都可能會用到通知,通知的種類比較多,根據(jù)其不同的作用可主分為轉(zhuǎn)文性通知、指示性通知、事務(wù)性通知、任免通知等。那么你有了解過通知嗎?下面是小編幫大家整理的初三學(xué)生返校復(fù)課通知,歡迎大家分享。

      初三學(xué)生返校復(fù)課通知1

      尊敬的各位家長:

      根據(jù)XXX市教育局《20xx年1月20日校園疫情防控通知027號》、《xx市新希望學(xué)校20xx年1月返校復(fù)課疫情防控工作方案》要求,特將學(xué)生返校的注意事項告知如下:

      1、復(fù)課時間

      1月21日—23日

      返校時間:1月21日(明天)上午,七到九年級9:00-9:20、四到六年級9:20-9:40、一到三年級9:40-10:00。

      寒假時間:1月24日正式放假。

      2、學(xué)生返校的準備工作

      1、及時將健康碼、行程碼等健康信息報告給班主任。

      2、學(xué)生準備好回校后疫情防控相關(guān)的個人物品,如:口罩、消毒濕巾等。

      3、提前準備好生活用品及學(xué)習(xí)用品,無特殊情況正常上課期間學(xué)校將不接收一切外送物品。

      4、家長做好學(xué)生手機的管理工作,所有學(xué)生不得將手機帶入校園。

      5、返校途中做好個人防護及注意交通安全,各年級嚴格按照返校時間段返校。避免校門口路段的.交通擁堵,到校門口按指定路線行進,服從工作人員的指揮。

      為期兩周的線上教學(xué)即將結(jié)束,回校前各位家長與孩子做一次交流,幫助孩子做好充分的返校復(fù)學(xué)準備。學(xué)校及老師門在今天下午已經(jīng)做好了返校復(fù)學(xué)準備,期待明天與學(xué)生們的相聚。本學(xué)期也剩下最后一周了,讓我們共同努力為孩子們的健康成長保駕護航!

      xxx學(xué)校

      20xx年1月20日

      初三學(xué)生返校復(fù)課通知2

      XX縣教育局:

      定于3月22日學(xué)校全面復(fù)課,復(fù)課當天開始,同步啟動核酸抽測工作抽測比例按現(xiàn)行師生20%,抽測頻次每周兩測。全體師生必須注意以下事項:

      1、家住防范區(qū)、管控區(qū)、封控區(qū)的學(xué)生暫不回校上課;

      2、家庭成員近14天去過中高風(fēng)險地區(qū)的學(xué)生暫不回校上課;

      3、家庭成員有密接、次密接或健康碼紅碼、黃碼的學(xué)生暫不回校上課;

      4、3月16日以來,核酸檢測結(jié)果呈陰性的方可來學(xué)校上課。

      5、有發(fā)燒、感冒、咳嗽等可疑癥狀的學(xué)生暫不回校上課;

      6、教育孩子做好疫情防控措施,養(yǎng)成講衛(wèi)生的良好習(xí)慣,堅持戴口罩、勤洗手、不集聚,上學(xué)——回家兩點一線。(學(xué)校將對不戴口罩的學(xué)生進出校門進行管控)。

      7、加強對學(xué)生使用手機、睡眠、鍛煉和家里作息的管控,讓學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣;

      8、加強交通安全、食品安全、防火安全、防溺水安全的教育,杜絕安全事故的發(fā)生。

      XXX小學(xué)

      20xx年3月21日

      第四篇:初三歷史階段測試

      初三歷史第二次階段性測試

      一、選擇題(每小題1分,共50分)

      1.“退避三舍”、“紙上談兵”等成語故事均出自春秋戰(zhàn)國時期各諸侯國間發(fā)生的著名戰(zhàn)役。諸侯國出現(xiàn)源于西周的

      A.世襲制B.奴隸制C.禪讓制D.分封制

      2.開心辭典的主持人王小丫出了這樣一道題:他是我國春秋晚期的魯國人;他提出了“仁”的學(xué)說;他最早創(chuàng)辦私學(xué)。他是 A.老子B.孔子C.孟子D.墨子 3.假如你給李冰畫像,可以選擇的歷史場景是

      A.上書秦孝公請求變法B.奉乾隆旨意領(lǐng)兵平定大小和卓叛亂 C.主持修建都江堰D.陪唐玄宗考核縣令的政績

      4.一年一度的高考圓了許多萃萃學(xué)子進人國家高等學(xué)府深造的夢。漢武帝時,學(xué)生要進人全國的最高學(xué)府接受濡學(xué)教育,必須到 A.長安B.洛陽C.咸陽D.開封

      5.假如你穿越時空隧道,回到唐朝,作為一名朝廷重要官員,不可能經(jīng)歷的事情是

      A.從長安去洛陽乘船,經(jīng)大運河到江南余杭體察民情 B.上朝時,見到魂征向太宗皇帝進諫 C.和太宗皇帝一齊討論合并州縣的事宜 D.經(jīng)常誦讀蘇東坡寫的詞

      6.我國從唐朝中后期開始的經(jīng)濟重心南移最后完成于

      A.北宋B.南宋C.元朝D.清朝

      7.某校歷史興趣小組準備以“古代封建統(tǒng)治者加強思想控制的措施”為主題辦一期黑板報,同學(xué)們紛紛投稿。其中無法通過小組長審核的是

      A.漫話“焚書坑儒”B.漢武帝與“罷黜百家,獨尊儒術(shù)” C.張騫與絲綢之路D.清朝“文字獄”之我見

      8.“三人行,必有我?guī)熝伞保@句話告訴我們:天外有天,人外有人;人只有謙虛好學(xué)才能進步。這句話可以在下列哪本書里找到?

      A.《論語》

      B.《道德經(jīng)》

      C.《孫子 兵法》

      D.《史記》 9.唐玄宗統(tǒng)治前期,政治清明,經(jīng)濟空前繁榮,這一局面史稱

      A.文景之治

      B.興武中興

      C.貞觀之治

      D.開元盛世 10.被后世稱為“畫圣”的唐朝著名畫家是

      A.顏真卿

      B.閻立本

      C.吳道子

      D.關(guān)漢卿 11.《清明上河圖》是哪位畫家的傳世名作?

      A.王羲之

      B.顧愷之

      C.張仲景

      D.張擇端

      12.“五十六個民族,五十六枝花??”,中華民族大家族中,在元朝時才融合形成的新民族是 A.維吾爾族

      B.回族

      C.苗族

      D.白族

      13.反對戰(zhàn)爭,珍愛和平是人類的共同追求。我國戰(zhàn)國時期,提出“兼愛”“非攻”,反對侵略戰(zhàn)爭,支持正義戰(zhàn)爭的是()

      A.墨子 B.孟子 C.莊子 D.韓非

      14.齊桓公、晉文公成為春秋時期霸主的相同因素有 ①以“尊王攘夷”為口號 ②發(fā)展生產(chǎn) ③整頓內(nèi)政 ④注重軍隊建設(shè)

      A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②④

      15.戰(zhàn)國時期有這樣一戶人家:老大因作戰(zhàn)有功獲得了爵位,老二在家勤于耕作免除了徭役,老三則被國君派往縣城任吏。據(jù)此判斷這戶人家最有可能生活在

      A.管仲改革之時 B.周平王東遷之際C.商鞅變法之后 D.晉文公稱霸中原之前 16.在一次記者會上,溫家寶總理回答記者關(guān)于物價上漲的問題時說,“我一邊看網(wǎng),一邊腦子里想起一段話,就是‘民之所憂,我之所思;民之所思,我之所行’。”溫總理所引句體現(xiàn)了百家爭鳴時期哪一派別的思想主張()

      A.法家 B.儒家 C.道家 D.墨家

      17、郭沫若說“由秦到現(xiàn)在兩千多年了,我們依然感覺著春秋戰(zhàn)國在學(xué)術(shù)思想史上是中國的黃金時代。”是因為春秋戰(zhàn)國出現(xiàn)()

      A.競相改革的時代風(fēng)潮 B.諸侯爭霸局面 C.百家爭鳴的活躍局面 D.商業(yè)繁榮局面 18.商鞅變法中主要為了加強君主權(quán)力的是()A.建立縣制 B.獎勵耕織 C.獎勵軍功 D.嚴刑峻法

      19、主張“不要過分捕撈魚鱉,要按時令進山伐樹,這樣自然資源才能持續(xù)利用”的古代思想家是()

      A.孔子 B.孟子 C.莊子 D.韓非 20.秦朝“焚書坑儒”、明清“八股取士”都是為了 A.壓制知識分子 B.推崇儒家經(jīng)典C.完善法律體系

      D.加強思想控制

      21.秦始皇雖然是歷史上著名的暴君,但也是一位有作為的政治家。他為了鞏固秦朝的統(tǒng)治實行了一系列措施,其中不包括()

      A.分封制

      B.中央集權(quán)制

      C.郡縣制

      D.皇帝制 22.“欲天下之治安(安定),莫若眾(多)建諸侯而少其力(使其弱?。ι賱t易使以義,國小則亡(無)邪(反叛)心?!毕铝信c這一思想最相似的是()A.宗法制 B.分封制 C.科舉制 D.推恩令 23.張騫出使西域后,絲綢之路漸趨形成。該商路的起點是()

      A.洛陽

      B.長安

      C.敦煌

      D.疏勒 24.民族英雄鄭成功所打敗的侵略者是()

      A.沙俄 B.葡萄牙 C.英國 D.荷蘭 25.秦始皇“焚書坑儒”、漢武帝“罷黜百家,獨尊儒術(shù)”、明朝“八股取士”和清明大興“文字獄”的根本目的是()

      A.防止人民反抗 B.壓制知識分子 C.鞏固封建統(tǒng) D.統(tǒng)一思想 26.明清時期加強專制統(tǒng)治的措施有()

      ①明太祖廢除丞相 ②雍正帝設(shè)立軍機處 ③實行八股取士④思想上推行“罷黜百家,獨尊儒術(shù)” A.①②③④ B.①③④ C.②③④ D.①②③

      27.2011年6月1日,元代畫家黃公望的《富春山居圖》的兩部分《剩山圖》和《無用師卷》分別珍藏海峽兩岸多年后,實現(xiàn)歷史性的合璧展覽。下列畫家及作品與黃公望同一時代的是()A.顧愷之《洛神賦圖》 B.吳道子《天王送子圖》 C.張擇端《清明上河圖》 D.趙孟頫《秋郊飲馬圖》

      28.論從史出是歷史研究的方法之一。下列成就能說明宋元是我國古代科技發(fā)展高峰時期的是①活字印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明 ②蔡倫改進造紙術(shù) ③指南針用于航海 ④火藥在軍事上廣泛使用 A.①②③ B.①③④

      C.②③④

      D.①②③④

      29.我國省級行政區(qū)的設(shè)置是從哪個朝代開始的()

      A.夏朝 B.西周 C.秦朝 D.元朝 30.被譽為“一代天驕”的成吉思汗,其歷史功績是()

      A.統(tǒng)一蒙古 B.建立元朝 C.設(shè)立行省 D.打退沙俄

      31.唐朝以前,黃河流域粟和小麥廣泛種植,糧食產(chǎn)量超過南方。從唐朝中晚期至宋代,長江流域的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展較快,糧食產(chǎn)量逐漸超過北方,出現(xiàn)了“蘇湖熟,天下足”的民諺。上述材料說明()A.糧食產(chǎn)量的增多促進人口的增長 B.統(tǒng)治者調(diào)整統(tǒng)治政策促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展 C.農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟重心南移

      D.灌溉技術(shù)的改進使糧食產(chǎn)量增多

      32.如果你選用如下圖片進行研究性學(xué)習(xí),那么應(yīng)確定的研究主題是()

      宋代針鋪商標及銅版 北宋“交子” 《清明上河圖》局部 南宋海船 A.宋代國家統(tǒng)一 B.民族政權(quán)并立 C.宋代商業(yè)繁榮 D.宋代民族融合 33.宋朝時期為了加強對海外貿(mào)易的管理,在主要港口設(shè)立的機構(gòu)是()A.都護府 B.市舶司 C.中書省 D.宣政院

      34.在學(xué)習(xí)完中國古代文化史的相關(guān)內(nèi)容后,某歷史興趣小組設(shè)置了以下課外拓展主題。其中不正確的是()A.都江堰的修筑者李冰 B.趙州橋的設(shè)計和建造者李春 C.孔子與“仁”的思想 D.“畫圣”閻立本與寫意畫

      35.從文物中獲取信息是我們學(xué)習(xí)歷史的方法之一。當我們研究中國古代中央政府與少數(shù)民族地區(qū)關(guān)系時,可以從下列哪件文物中獲得有效信息

      A.司母戊鼎 B.開元通寶錢 C.錦衣衛(wèi)印 D.金奔巴瓶 36.“開辟刑榛逐荷夷”,我國古代立下的這一偉大功績的民族英雄是()

      A.張騫 B.魏征 C.鄭成功

      D.渥巴錫

      37.下列哪幾項措施有利于我國古代封建專制主義中央集權(quán)的加強

      ①西周行分封制 ②漢武帝“罷黜百家,獨尊儒術(shù)” ③明朝設(shè)廠衛(wèi)特務(wù)機構(gòu) ④清朝設(shè)軍機處

      A.①②③④ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①② 38.清朝時,我國封建君主集權(quán)進一步強化的標志是。A.廢行省,設(shè)三司 B.八股取士 C.保留議政王大臣會議 D.設(shè)立軍機處

      39.“以后??不許立丞相,臣下敢有奏請設(shè)立者,??處以重刑?!贝肆畛鲎?/p>

      A.漢武帝 B.唐太宗 C.明太祖 D.清雍正帝

      40.北宋沈括在《夢溪筆談》中寫道:“若止印三二張,未為簡易;若印數(shù)十百千本,則極為神速。”材料中的“極為神速’’主要得益于 A.北宋城市商業(yè)的繁榮 C.“瓦子”“瓦舍”的出現(xiàn)

      B.造紙術(shù)的重大改進 D.活字印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明

      41.史書上有“國家根本,仰拾東南”的說法,我國古代經(jīng)濟重心南移最終完成于哪一時期? A.隋朝 B.南宋 C.元朝 D.明朝

      42.“北通涿郡(北京)之漁商,南運江都(揚州)之轉(zhuǎn)輸,其為利也博哉!”是對古代哪一水利工程歷史作用的評價

      A.鄭國渠 B.白渠

      C.大運河

      D.都江堰

      43.戰(zhàn)國時期是中國古代大變革時期,秦國進行了以“以法治國”為主要特征的商鞅變法,下面商鞅的言論和采取的主要措施中最能體現(xiàn)“以法治國”思想的是()

      A.建立縣制

      B.鼓勵農(nóng)民開墾荒地 C.“法之不行,自上犯之”

      D.“治國不一道,便國不法古” 44.下圖是一個鐵制犁頭,它表明,我國至遲到什么時候就已經(jīng)使用牛耕()

      A.商朝 B.春秋時期 C.戰(zhàn)國時期

      D.南北朝時期

      C.西漢時期

      D.東漢時期 45.目前世界上已知最早的紙出現(xiàn)在我國()A.戰(zhàn)國時期

      B.秦朝時期

      46.“以人為本,關(guān)注民生”是古往今來治國興邦的基本經(jīng)驗,我國古代思想家最早提出“仁”的學(xué)說,主張“愛人”、“為政以德”的是()A.老子

      B.孔子

      C .孟子

      D.墨子

      47.“知足常樂”源于古代“無為而治”思想,提出這一思想的學(xué)派是()

      A.儒家

      B.法家

      C.道家

      D.墨家

      48.俗語“家家觀世音,人人阿彌陀”一定程度上反映了佛教在中國民間的盛行。請問佛教傳入我國是在()

      A.秦朝時期 B.西漢時期

      C.魏晉時期

      D.隋唐時期

      49.2008年元旦,國務(wù)院新修汀的《全國年節(jié)及紀念日放假辦法》開始實施。其中新增的且與湖湘文化的開啟者——屈原有關(guān)的節(jié)日是()A.元宵節(jié) B.清明節(jié)

      C.端午節(jié)

      D.中秋節(jié)

      50.唐太宗曾說:“君,舟也;民,水也。水能載舟,普能覆舟?!彼谖黄陂g,推行均田制和租庸調(diào)制,保證農(nóng)民的土地和生產(chǎn)時間,促進了社會發(fā)展。唐太宗的執(zhí)政措施實質(zhì)體現(xiàn)了()

      A.道家的“自然無為” B.儒家的“仁政德治” C.墨家的“兼愛非攻” D.法家的“以法治國”

      二、非選擇題(51題10分;52題10分;53題13分;54題10分;55題7分)51.(10分)民族團結(jié)、國家統(tǒng)一是我國歷史發(fā)展的主流。結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,完成下列問題:

      (1)我國歷史上第一個統(tǒng)一的多民族的中央集權(quán)的封建國家是哪朝?(1分)秦始皇采取了經(jīng)濟、文化、思想方面的哪些措施鞏固統(tǒng)一?(3分)

      (2)清朝前期是我國統(tǒng)一多民族國家的鞏固時期。請指出清朝前期抵抗外來侵略、維護祖國統(tǒng)一的一個事例,(1分)并概括指出這一時期清政府是如何對西藏、新疆地區(qū)加強有效管轄的。(4分)

      (3)國家統(tǒng)一是社會發(fā)展的前提,在美國歷史上為維護國家統(tǒng)一的事件是什么?(1分)

      52.中國封建社會歷代統(tǒng)治者都注重通過加強中央集權(quán)和地方管理等措施來鞏固統(tǒng)治。閱讀下列材料,回答問題。(11分)

      材料一 材料二

      材料三 在地方,廢除行中書省,設(shè)立直屬中央的三司,分管民政、刑獄和軍政。在中央,廢除丞相,撤消中書省,由吏、戶、禮、兵、刑、工六部分理朝政,直接對皇帝負責(zé)

      ——選自人教版義務(wù)教育課程標準實驗教科書《中國歷史》七年級下

      (l)材料一圖示反映的是我國歷史上哪個朝代開創(chuàng)的政治體制?(l分)該朝代為鞏固統(tǒng)治采取的地方措施是什么?漢朝、乾隆帝在地方措施是什么?(3分)

      (2)我國省級行政區(qū)的設(shè)立源于材料二圖示反映的元朝首創(chuàng)的哪一制度?(1分)為實行有效統(tǒng)治,元朝還注重加強對邊疆地區(qū)的管轄。請寫出元朝突出加強管理的兩處邊疆地區(qū)的名稱。(2分)

      (3)材料三記載的是哪朝的官制變化?(1分)這一變化出現(xiàn)在哪一皇帝統(tǒng)治時期?(1分)

      (4)從材料一到材料三官制的演變可以看出皇權(quán)和相權(quán)發(fā)生了怎樣的變化?(1分)

      53.泰安某中學(xué)歷史研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組確定了“科技發(fā)展史”的探究主題,清你幫助完成其中的兩個步驟。(13)

      步驟一:走進歷史,了解歷史上重大科技成就

      (1)古代中國,產(chǎn)生了許多對后世影響深遠的科技成就。請寫出公元前221年到公元1368年之間中國在醫(yī)學(xué)、建筑和印刷方面取得的成就各兩例(6分)

      (2)世界近現(xiàn)代史上,發(fā)生過三次影響深遠的科技革命,分別把人類帶入了三個新的時代。請寫出這三個時代的名稱、標志性成就。(6分)

      第一次:__________、第二次:___________、第三次:_________、步驟二:反思歷史,總結(jié)評價

      (3)試用一句話評價科技在社會發(fā)展中的作用。(1分)

      54、閱讀下列材料,回答問題。(10分)

      材料一

      圖一

      圖二

      (1)根據(jù)圖

      一、圖二分別寫出事件的名稱。(2分)

      (2)圖二與哪個歷史事件有關(guān)?(1分)宋代的海外貿(mào)易空前繁榮,請你結(jié)合有史實說明其繁榮狀況。(2分)

      (3)概括圖一在世界溝通起來以后產(chǎn)生的積極作用。(1分)

      材料二 今天,我們一起享受著人類共同的文明成果。歐洲人用著韓國制造的手機,日本人喝著美國生產(chǎn)的可口可樂,中國人開著日本品牌的汽車??20世紀90年代以來,經(jīng)濟全球化趨勢進一步加強。經(jīng)濟全球化是社會生產(chǎn)力和科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的客觀要求和必然結(jié)果。跨國公司有力地促進了世界經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和全球化進程。

      (4)據(jù)材料二指出當今世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的特點(1分)及促成這種特點的因素(2分)。

      材料三

      胡錦濤同志在“十七大”報告中指出:“堅持對外開放的基本國策,把‘引進來’和‘走出去’更好地結(jié)合起來,擴大開放領(lǐng)域??參與國際經(jīng)濟合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢?!?5)本世紀初,中國積極“參與國際經(jīng)濟合作和競爭”的最重大舉措是什么?(1分)

      55.(7分)追求思想解放,探尋政治文明是中外現(xiàn)代化探索的重要內(nèi)容。閱讀下列材料,完成有關(guān)問題。

      材料一

      在古代希臘、羅馬文明之后,基督教會 對西方世界近千年的思想統(tǒng)治,使人們的個人意識受到極大的壓制。為此,不同國家、不同領(lǐng)域的杰出人士不顧教會勢力的迫害和世俗的誤解,在歐洲掀起了兩次影響巨大的思想解放潮流,帶領(lǐng)人們邁進科學(xué)的理性時代。(1)14-18世紀的西歐出現(xiàn)了哪兩次影響巨大的思想解放潮流?其共同性質(zhì)是什么?(3分)

      材料二

      右圖

      (2)先進思想推動人類社會文明進步。為建立理想社會,馬克思創(chuàng)立了科學(xué)社會主義理論,這一理論誕生的標志是什么?(1分)

      (3)思想的變革促進了人類文明的進步。中國歷史上最早的具有思想解放性質(zhì)的事件是什么?(1分)

      (4)綜合以上運動和人物的貢獻,你認為這些思想解放運動產(chǎn)生了哪些共同影響?(2分)

      第五篇:初三開學(xué)測試

      語文練習(xí)

      時間:100分鐘滿分:100分命題人:陳菲

      一、積累運用(40分)

      1.給下列加點字注音。(8分)

      佇立()迸濺()香醇()黝黑()....

      反詰()分泌()嗜好()魁梧()....

      2.填字。(8分)

      枯jí()熱chén()搖yè()chōng憬()

      ()然失色洗耳()聽無()可擊見()思遷

      3.下面這段文字中兩處畫線句有語病,請逐一進行修改。(可以添加、刪除或更換詞語,但不得改變原句要表達的意思)(6分)

      ①漢字是世界上最古老的文字之一,大約已有六千年左右的歷史。②現(xiàn)用漢字是從 甲骨文、金文演變而來的。③在形體上逐漸由圖形變?yōu)楣P畫,象形變?yōu)橄笳鳎瑥?fù)

      雜變?yōu)楹唵?;在造字原則上從表形、表意到形聲。④一個字一個音節(jié),絕大多數(shù)是形聲字的比例相當高。⑤現(xiàn)代漢字已實現(xiàn)部分簡化,更具實用價值。

      修改:修改:

      4.修改病句。(6分)

      ①最近各大媒體關(guān)于震驚中國足壇的“黑哨事件”都作了詳細報道。②《消費者權(quán)益保護法》深受廣大消費者歡迎,因為它強化了人們的自我保護水平,使消費者權(quán)益得到最大程度的保護。

      5.某校八年級某班開展了題為“綠色 生命——葉”的專題系列活動,今天進行成果展

      示。請你以主持人的身份,為活動設(shè)計一段開場白。(4分)

      6.默寫詩句。(8分)

      ?江山代有才人出。

      ?,卻話巴山夜雨時。

      ?若待上林花似錦。

      ?蓬山此去無多路。

      ?沉舟側(cè)畔千帆過。

      ?長風(fēng)萬里送秋雁。

      ?,燕然未勒歸無計。

      ?夕陽西下。

      二、閱讀理解(60分)

      (一)閱讀下文,完成7—10題。(19分)

      湖畔

      李縈枝

      ①曾經(jīng)在一本畫冊中看到過一幅題為《湖畔》的攝影作品:大雪初霽。清冽的湖邊,薄薄的雪翅交疊成大片蓬松柔軟的積雪。雪地上空無一人,只有一張鐵條釘成的長椅,冷鐵的黑色凸現(xiàn)在積雪之上。整個畫面是靜態(tài)的、肅穆的,雪夢幻一般烘托著一種意味深長的空寂。

      ②這樣一個簡約的畫面在瞬間抓住了我的心,并且打開了我與畫面之間一條想像的通道??湛盏蔫F椅,它在湖畔經(jīng)歷了什么又等待著什么?

      ③瀕臨一湖靜水,獨對空蒙蒼天,橫臥一片野地,裸露在季節(jié)中的筋骨被風(fēng)雨雷電、日月星光穿過。鐵椅只是固守,等待一個人,一個與之在冥冥之中有著某種聯(lián)系和默契的人。在某一天某一個時辰來臨,它渴望承載起這個人生命的重量。

      ④透過積雪,我看見了鐵椅上斑駁的銹跡。這是掩埋在時間后面疼痛的傷口和幸福的印記。在這椅子上,也許曾經(jīng)演繹過一段刻骨銘心的愛情,一場撕心裂肺的生離死別,一次別去經(jīng)年后重逢的狂喜;或是黑暗中的沉思與獨白,初春時節(jié)的朦朧與渴望,秋光里的寂寞與懷想,夕陽西下時淡淡的感傷……

      ⑤曾經(jīng)在椅子上坐過的人,有不同的年輪,從黑發(fā)少年到白發(fā)老人,分別來自人生的四個階段。他是椅子的過客,因為時光的河流要載往更遠的前方,他在這里停留片刻,留下了靈魂的芬芳。過客遠去,鐵椅就被落葉和霜雪覆蓋。

      ⑥更多的時候,鐵椅融進暮色,像一葉在懷想中沉湎的孤舟泊在時間的岸邊。它以執(zhí)著與時間抗衡,等待一個擺渡的人。縱使時光老去,等待不老。椅子空空,惟其空著,才承納了一種博大和無限。有什么比守望不息的生命更加久遠的呢?

      ⑦而生命與生命的交織演變出來的刀光劍影與金戈鐵馬的榮辱興衰是一些變換的場景,深入它記憶的最深處。在時間的嘀嗒聲里追溯逝水的源頭,遙想從前的天空與河流,如血夕陽與鐵骨蒼鷹,一馬平川上的獵獵戰(zhàn)旗與浩浩大漠上的烽火硝煙,以及萬丈英雄豪氣與方寸之間的似水柔情……如此,又是一部橫臥在時間岸邊的汗青史冊。那些在冊頁上留下生命痕跡的過客隨流云遠去,復(fù)有后來者,以此連綿不絕,又渺若塵沙。但生命不息,這一部史冊在緘默中向未來的歲月敞開,等待一個人攜著風(fēng)雨揮毫著墨。⑧我不知道這幅攝影作品的作者是何許人,最初的創(chuàng)作意圖又是什么。但這些都不重要,重要的是我深入了畫面中充滿寓意的空間,讀懂了人與時空、永恒與流逝之間的一種內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)。

      ⑨現(xiàn)在,把這張鐵椅搬至我心靈的湖畔,像它在畫中以白雪為背景對生命展開闊大的等待一樣,我要讓它遠離紅塵的喧囂與浮躁,在我的內(nèi)心日復(fù)一日地堅守,等待那種生命的極致。比如靈魂與靈魂相遇時燃起的一把火,裹藏的心靈被狂飆痛快地揭開蔽障,踏遍千山萬水閱盡人間滄桑后的積淀,夢想的蓓蕾在綻放的一刻極盡輝煌……也許,這樣的生命極致一輩子都不會到來,而等待卻永遠繼續(xù)。惟有給擁擠的心靈一片渴望中的空白地帶,生命的空間才不斷地延伸和擴展。

      ⑩從《湖畔》中走出來,我已成為鐵椅上的一個過客。積雪無痕,我心靈的湖畔卻

      留下了一行清晰的腳印。

      7.在作者的想像中,空空的鐵椅,它在湖畔經(jīng)歷了什么又等待著什么?閱讀第③—⑥段,用簡潔的語言分別說明。(6分)

      答:

      8.第⑧段中說,“讀懂了人與時空、永恒與流逝之間的一種內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)?!闭埥Y(jié)合第⑦段內(nèi)容,簡述你對這種“內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)”的認識。(5分)

      答:

      9.第⑨段中作者提出等待“生命的極致”,請結(jié)合本段畫線的句子,談?wù)勀銓Α吧臉O致”的理解。(4分)

      答:

      10.第⑩段中,作者寫道:“積雪無痕,我心靈的湖畔卻留下了一行清晰的腳印?!边@“心靈湖畔的腳印”給了你什么啟示呢?請簡要說明。(4分)

      答:

      (二)閱讀下面文字,完成11—13題。(11分)

      人是微生物群居體

      你相信嗎?你體內(nèi)的大多數(shù)細胞并不是你自己的,甚至也根本不是人類的細胞,它

      們是細菌。我們的腳趾上有肉眼看不見的線狀真菌在生根發(fā)芽,我們腹部有重達1公斤的細菌,我們的身體是由人類細胞、真菌、細菌和病毒組成的混合體,可以被看作是超個體或微生物群居體的一個最好例子。

      最近,倫敦大學(xué)的科學(xué)家提出了上述觀點,并闡述了人體內(nèi)這些微生物是如何相互作用的。他們說,在我們的身體內(nèi),存在500多種不同種類的細菌,這些細菌組成了100萬億個細胞,外來的細胞大大超過了我們體內(nèi)自身的細胞,我們自身的細胞只有幾萬億個,所以可以得出結(jié)論,我們體內(nèi)的基因大部分來自于細菌。

      幸運的是,雖然這些細菌在分享我們的食物,但它們不會對我們造成傷害。實際上,細菌通常對我們的身體是有益的,它們通過與我們的免疫系統(tǒng)緊密合作,幫助我們抵御疾病的侵擾。這項研究的負責(zé)人說:“我們已經(jīng)知道某些時候很多疾病是由包括遺傳和環(huán)境等多種因素引發(fā)的,生物群居體這個概念能幫助我們理解疾病的過程?!彼嘈胚@個方法運用于心臟病、某些癌癥、甚至于一些神經(jīng)疾病的研究。

      (選自2005年第3期《科普文摘》,略有改動)

      11.本文主要說明了兩個方面的內(nèi)容,請分別概括。(4分)

      答:

      12.第二段劃線處運用了什么說明方法?有什么作用?(4分)

      答:

      13.第三段中“分享”一詞能否換成“吞噬”“搶奪”等詞語?為什么?(3分)

      答:

      (三)閱讀下面文字,完成14—16題。(16分)

      世有伯樂,然后有千里馬。千里馬常有,而伯樂不常有。故雖有名馬,祗辱于奴隸人之手,駢死于槽櫪之間,不以千里稱也。

      馬之千里者,一食或盡粟一石。食馬者不知其能千里而食也。是馬也,雖有千里之能,食不飽,力不足,才美不外見,且欲與常馬等不可得,安求其能千里也?

      策之不以其道,食之不能盡其材,鳴之而不能通其意,執(zhí)策而臨之,曰:“天下無

      馬!”嗚呼!其真無馬邪?其真不知馬也。

      14.解釋下列加點字的意思。(4分)

      ?故雖有名馬:?才美不外見:..?執(zhí)策而臨之:?其真無馬邪:..15.翻譯句子。(6分)

      ?食馬者不知其能千里而食也。?且欲與常馬等不可得,安求其能千里也??其真無馬邪?其真不知馬也。

      16.簡答。(6分)

      ?文章通過巧妙地比喻來闡述深刻的道理,指出“伯樂”“千里馬”“食馬者”的比喻義。(3分)

      答:?你認為二十一世紀的青少年應(yīng)具備什么素質(zhì),才可能成為“千里馬”?(3分)答:

      (四)閱讀下面文字,完成17—19題。(14分)

      余幼時即嗜學(xué)。家貧,無從致書以觀,每假借于藏書之家,手自筆錄,計日以還。

      天大寒,硯冰堅,手指不可屈伸,弗之怠。錄畢,走送之,不敢稍逾約。以是人多以書假余,余因得遍觀群書。既加冠,益慕圣賢之道。又患無碩師名人與游,嘗趨百里外從鄉(xiāng)之先達執(zhí)經(jīng)叩問。先達德隆望尊,門人弟子填其室,未嘗稍降辭色。余立侍左右,援疑質(zhì)理,俯身傾耳以請;或遇其叱咄,色愈恭,禮愈至,不敢出一言以復(fù);俟其欣悅,則又請焉。故余雖愚,卒獲有所聞。當余之從師也,負篋曳屣行深山巨谷中。窮冬烈風(fēng),大雪深數(shù)尺,足膚皸裂而不知。至舍,四支僵勁不能動,媵人持湯沃灌,以衾擁覆,久而乃和。寓逆旅,主人日再食,無鮮肥滋味之享。同舍生皆被綺繡,戴朱纓寶飾之帽,腰白玉之環(huán),左佩刀,右備容臭,燁然若神人;余則缊袍敝衣處其間,略無慕艷意,以中有足樂者,不知口體之奉不若人也。蓋余之勤且艱若此。

      17.解釋下列加點的字。(4分)

      下載初三英語返校測試[合集5篇]word格式文檔
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