第一篇：北師版八年級(jí)上英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(DOC)

Lesson One

Last Week on TV 1.TV / sports/ nature programme 電視/運(yùn)動(dòng)/自然節(jié)目

2.talk show 談話節(jié)目

3.in the vacation 在假期里

4.interesting/ boring 有趣的/無聊的 5.a great actor 一個(gè)偉大的演員

6.a man named…一個(gè)叫---的人 7.be fantastic---了不起

8.be cute---是可愛的 9.He did something really difficult.他真的做了一些困難的事

10.score in the first half 在上半場(chǎng)得分

11.be boring---是無聊的 12.try hard 努力嘗試

13.earn / make money 賺錢 14.adopt deaf children 領(lǐng)養(yǎng)失聰兒童

15.be moving---是感動(dòng)的 16.the world of dinosaurs 恐龍世界

17.Some scientists think they died because they didn’t have any food after the climate changed.一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為他們的滅絕是由于氣候變化以后他們沒有足夠的實(shí)物 18.be about…關(guān)于--

What was it about? 它是關(guān)于什么的？

19.bored/ boring;感到厭煩的/ 令人厭煩的interested/ interesting;對(duì)—有興趣/ 有意思的 excited/exciting 激動(dòng)地，興奮地/令人激動(dòng)的，興奮地 20.act/ play well 演得好

21.Can I have the bill, please? 請(qǐng)給我賬單好嗎？ Lesson Two

An Interview on TV

1.Language learning characters, conversation, grammar, listening, passage, pronunciation, reading, speaking, vocabulary, writing

2.Chinese characters 漢字

3.learn to do sth.學(xué)習(xí)做某事 4.grammar rules 語(yǔ)法規(guī)則

5.be hard to do 做某事有困難 6.read an interesting passage 讀一段有趣的文章

7.have a conversation about… 有一個(gè)關(guān)于---的對(duì)話 8.ask sb.about sth.詢問某人某事

9.Did you know any Chinese before you came to China? 在你來中國(guó)之前你了解中文嗎？

No, I didn’t know a word of Chinese.不，我一個(gè)字也不認(rèn)識(shí) 10.watch TV programmes 看電視節(jié)目 11.help sb.do sth.幫助某人做某事 12.simple conversations 簡(jiǎn)單的對(duì)話 13.take a lot of practice 做大量練習(xí)

14.learn sth.from...從---學(xué)習(xí)---/ 向某人學(xué)習(xí)15.learn Chinese at university 在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ) 16.enjoy one’s Chinese class 喜歡某人的漢語(yǔ)課 17.listen to the teacher carefully 認(rèn)真聽老師講課

18.take notes 記筆記

Taking notes is also very important 記筆記也非常重要 Lesson Three The Big Game

1.Look at the speed of Hill as he runs down the field with the ball.看希爾在球場(chǎng)帶球奔跑的速度

2.be fit=be healthy 保持健康

3.be hurt 受傷

4.be out for two months 出局兩個(gè)月

5.pass …to… 把---傳給-----6.What a great kick!多棒的進(jìn)球啊！

7.be perfect 是完美的

8.make a basket 投籃得分

9.Are you kidding me? 你在開玩笑嗎？ 10.That was a bad call.那真是糟糕的判罰

11.What a shame!多遺憾??！12.complain about… 抱怨某事

13.hit the ball to the back of the court 將球擊倒后場(chǎng) 14.be in top form 狀態(tài)很好

She is really in top form today.他今天狀態(tài)真的很好。

15.How exciting!太令人激動(dòng)了

16.hurt one’s foot 傷到---的腳 17.score a goal 進(jìn)球，得分

18.Can you believe that? 你能相信嗎？

19.break one’s leg 這段的腿 20.do well in sth.某事做得好

21.Kick the ball and make a goal 踢球射門 22.lose one’s car keys 丟了---的汽車鑰匙

23.fall and hurt one’s arm 掉下摔傷胳膊

24.win the game 贏得比賽 Communication Workshop 1.magic shows 魔術(shù)表演

2.Out of all these, I like nature shows best.除了這些，我最喜歡自然節(jié)目 3.learn about… 學(xué)習(xí)---4.That’s why I like Animal World.那就是我喜歡動(dòng)物世界的原因 5.from every part of the world 來自世界各地 6.run after… 追逐--7.fly freely in the sky 在天空中自由飛翔

8.swim in the blue ocean 在蔚藍(lán)的大海中遨游 9.get very close to 非常接近---They photographers and cameramen get very close to the animals to show how they live in the wild.攝影師和攝像師非常接近動(dòng)物以展示他們是如何在野外生存的。10.beautiful scenery 美麗的風(fēng)景 11.clear explanations 清晰地說明 Unit 2

Teams 團(tuán)隊(duì) Getting ready 1.do a class project 做一個(gè)班級(jí)活動(dòng)

2.do a science experiment 做一項(xiàng)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn) 4.play a musical instrument 彈奏一個(gè)樂器 5.What teams are you in? 你在什么隊(duì)？ 6.play a grandma 扮演一個(gè)奶奶 Lesson 4 Class Projects 1.Materials：glue, metal, paper，plastic, wood Objects: bottle, chopsticks, model, music instrument 材料： 膠水，金屬，紙，塑料，木頭。物品： 瓶子，筷子，模型，樂器

2.explain your opinion to… 向---解釋你的想法 3.build a model of… 建造一個(gè)---的模型 4.next class 下節(jié)課

5.make a film about 制作一個(gè)關(guān)于---的影片… 5.a video camera 一部攝像機(jī) 6.a mobile phone 一部手機(jī)

7.The film has to be in English.影片必須用英語(yǔ)

8.You can interview people in your group but their answers mustn’t be long.你們可以采訪團(tuán)隊(duì)中的成員，但他們的回答一定不能長(zhǎng) 9.make sth.with...用---制作---10.play some music with the instruments 用這些樂器演奏一些音樂 11.return sth.on time 按時(shí)歸還---12.You mustn’t cross the road on a red light 紅燈亮?xí)r禁止你穿過馬路 13.Babies must sit in a baby seat.嬰兒必須坐在嬰兒座椅里 14.eat food in class 在課上吃東西

15.use mobile phones in class 在課上用手機(jī) 16.get to class on time 按時(shí)到班

17.listen to music in class 在課上聽音樂 18.talk in exams 考試中交談 19.sleep in class 上課睡覺

20.bring dictionaries to school 將字典帶到學(xué)校 Lesson 5 Teamwork 1.work together 一起工作

2.speak to each other politely 有禮貌的互相交談 3.be in a team with… 和---在一個(gè)隊(duì)

4.have clear roles for everyone 每個(gè)人都要明確的角色 5.question each other 互相提問

6.finish before the other teams 在其他的隊(duì)之前完成 7.have a good leader 有一個(gè)好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo) 8.in group discussion 小組討論 9.do research alone 單獨(dú)做研究

10.How are we going to share the work? 我們將怎么樣分享這個(gè)工作 11.mind doing sth.介意做某事

I don’t mind doing research.我不介意做研究 12.That sounds good.那聽起來不錯(cuò) 13.think about… 考慮

14.I thought you like making models.我認(rèn)為你喜歡制作模型 15.OK, let’s not argue.好，讓我們別爭(zhēng)論了

16.What building would you like to make a model of? 你想要制作什么模型？

I’d love to make a model of the Pyramids.我想制作一個(gè)金字塔的模型 17.be crazy 瘋狂的

18.Then we can choose our favorite.然后我們可以選擇我們最喜歡的 19.Which building does Luo Li suggest? 蘿莉建議只做哪一個(gè)模型 20.have a different role 擁有不同的角色

21.Everyone in the team participated.團(tuán)隊(duì)里的每個(gè)人都參加 22.argue about the results 關(guān)于規(guī)則爭(zhēng)論 23.表示“喜好”

I love drawing.我喜愛畫畫

I like making models.我喜歡制作模型

I don’t mind taking notes.我不介意記筆記

I don’t like doing research.我不喜歡做研究

I hate building models.我討厭建筑模型

I can’t stand arguing.我不能忍受爭(zhēng)論 24.can’t stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事

He can’t stand laughing.他不能忍受大笑 25.make PPTs 制作PPT 26.give speeches.做演講

27.I like making PPTs a lot, but I don’t like giving speeches very much.我非常喜歡制作PPT, 但是我非常不喜歡做演講 Lesson 6

A Special Team 1.be on holiday 度假

2.at a mountain resort 在山區(qū)旅游勝地

3.talk a walk in the early afternoon 在午后散步 4.The ground started to shake.大地開始搖動(dòng)

5.In just two minutes, everything changed completely.僅僅兩分鐘之后，一切都變了 6.be in the middle of… 在---的中間 7.one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè)的 8.be dark 天黑了

9.rain heavily 雨下得很大 10.lose hope 失去希望 11.take the lead 帶頭

12.call for everyone’s attention 引起每一個(gè)人的注意

13.We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow.直到明天我們才能下山 14.at the moment 此刻，現(xiàn)在 15.go back to the ruins 回到廢墟

16.look for food and blankets 尋找食物和毯子 17.divide…into… 把---分成---18.make sure…確保

19.use…as… 把---作為---使用

20.Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones, and the light in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe.每隔30分鐘，組長(zhǎng)用手機(jī)閃光發(fā)出信號(hào)，這些光亮讓大家在漆黑的雨夜中感到安全。21.early the next morning 第二天一早

22.encourage and support each other 互相鼓勵(lì)和支持 23.feel lucky 感到幸運(yùn)

24.give sb.hope for life 給了---生還的希望

25.There are not enough blankets for everyone.沒有足夠的攤子分給每一個(gè)人 26.work as..作為---工作 27.get wet all over 濕透了

28.solve the problem 解決問題 Communication Workshop 1.have fun doing sth.很愉快的做某事 2.be on several teams

加入了幾個(gè)隊(duì)

3.join teams for different reasons 加入這些對(duì)是因?yàn)椴煌?4.play on a football team

在一個(gè)足球隊(duì)踢球

5.Everyone has to be clear about his role.每個(gè)人都清楚他的角色 6.cooperate with sb.與某人合作

7.do lots of puzzles

做大量的謎題 8.We discuss ways to solve problems together.我們一起討論如何解決問題。

9.play the drum in a band

在樂隊(duì)打鼓 Getting Ready 1.Key Words: Sports:

baseball, basketball, football, high jump, long

jump, running, skating, swimming, table tennis，tennis, volleyball 2.be popular 受歡迎

Which sports are popular in your school? 在你的學(xué)校那一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)很受歡迎? Lesson 7

Time to Exercise 1.do push-ups

做俯臥撐 2.do sit-ups

做仰臥起坐 3.run a race

賽跑 4.Climb a rope

攀爬繩子 5.do the high jump做跳高

6.It’s time for after-class activities.該課外活動(dòng)的時(shí)間了。6.Last week, I was faster than any other student!上周，我跑得比其他任何學(xué)生都快 7.break the record 打破記錄 8.feel a bit sick

感覺有點(diǎn)難受

9.be hard for sb.對(duì)某人來說是困難的

10.I always give up half way through.我總是中途放棄。

11.I can jump higher than that table.我跳的比桌子更高 12.joke around

開玩笑 13.What does Mike mean by the last sentence?

邁克最后一句話的意思什么? 14.形容詞、副詞比較級(jí)的構(gòu)成：

fast----faster;

high----higher;large----larger

late----later;big---bigger;fit----fitter;easy----easier

heavy----heavier 15.Some students are weaker than last year.一些學(xué)生比去年更弱了 Lesson 8 Olympic Winners 1.集中識(shí)詞：Sports: baseball, diving, gymnastics，horse-riding, long jump, swimming, weightlifting 2.a horse-rider from Japan

來自日本的馬術(shù)選手 3.compete in…

參加

4.The youngest athlete, however, was only twelve years old.然而,最年輕的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,只有十二個(gè)年的歷史。3.at the age of …在。。。歲時(shí) 4.a national champion

全國(guó)冠軍 5.2.29m tall2.29米高

6.win the gold medal in the men’s high jump competition 贏得金牌在男子跳高競(jìng)賽中

7.with a jump of 7.04 meters

跳了7.04米 8.形容詞最高級(jí)的用法（作定語(yǔ)）

the youngest athlete最年輕的運(yùn)動(dòng)員

the strongest man最強(qiáng)壯的運(yùn)動(dòng)員 9.Faster, Higher, Stronger 10.構(gòu)詞：

basketball— basketball player

horse-riding–-horse-rider

swimming–-swimmer

weightlifting—weightlifter

diving—diver 11.形容詞、副詞最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成及用法。

規(guī)則變化：

不規(guī)則變化：

12.Jack is the lightest swimmer.杰克是最輕的游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員。Lesson 9

Never Give Up!1.lose part of one’s arm

失去手臂的一部分 2.before the expedition

探險(xiǎn)開始之前 3.the North Pole/ the South Pole 北極/南極 4.In one’s life

在某人的一生中

5.have an accident

發(fā)生了一次交通事故 6.lose half one’s left leg失去左腿的一半 7.a famous Polish explorer波蘭著名探險(xiǎn)家 8.ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事 9.Janet gave the best answer of his life.珍妮特給了他生命的最好的答案。10.prepare for … 為。。做準(zhǔn)備

11.He learned to use his artificial leg.他學(xué)會(huì)了使用假肢。12.train hard for the expedition為探險(xiǎn)刻苦訓(xùn)練

13.There were animals, dangerous ice and bad weather.有動(dòng)物,危險(xiǎn)的冰和惡劣的天氣。

14.It was really difficult, but things got better.真的很困難,但是事情變得更好。15.get to...到達(dá)

arrive at… 16.bad, worse, worst 17.This made the expedition even more difficult.這使得探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)更加困難。18.be brave勇敢

19.多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)

interesting, more interesting, the most interesting

quickly, more quickly, the most quickly 20.不規(guī)則變化：

good, better, best;well, better, best

bad, worse, worst 21.The mountain trip was more popular than the forest camp and the expedition.山之旅比森林野營(yíng)和探險(xiǎn)更受歡迎。

22.The lake expedition was the most difficult of the three.在三個(gè)當(dāng)中，湖泊探險(xiǎn)是最困難的。

23.Which one do you like best?

你最喜歡哪一個(gè)? 24.Which do you think is more difficult, English or maths?

你認(rèn)為哪個(gè)更困難,英語(yǔ)還是數(shù)學(xué)? Communication Workshop 1.School Sport Day 校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) 2.be a success 成功

3.have the best team擁有最好的隊(duì)

4.in the push-up and pull-up events在俯臥撐、引體向上的比賽中 5.Our class did better than last year.我們班做的比去年好。6.We jumped the highest in the high jump event.在跳高比賽中我們做得最好。

7.They had the best jumper in the long jump.他們有最好的跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員跳遠(yuǎn)。8.break school records 打破校紀(jì)錄 Getting Ready 1.Healthy habits: brush one’s teeth, eat healthy food，健康的習(xí)慣:

刷某人的牙

吃健康食物

Do exercise, play sports, sleep well, take a shower，做練習(xí)

做運(yùn)動(dòng)

睡得好

洗澡

walk to school, wash one’s face/ hands

走著去學(xué)校

洗某人的臉/手 2.need to do sth.需要干某事

3.have healthy habits.有健康的習(xí)慣 Lesson 10

Going to the Doctor.1.Healthy Problems: 健康的問題

cough, fever, headache, runny nose, sore throat, stomachache, toothache

咳嗽

發(fā)燒

頭痛

流鼻涕

喉嚨痛

胃痛

牙痛

2.Doctor’s advice: drink lots of water, get plenty of rest, go to the dentist，醫(yī)生的建議

喝大量的水

得到大量的休息

去看牙醫(yī)

take some medicine吃一些藥

3.For a sore throat, you should drink lots of water.對(duì)于喉嚨痛來說，你應(yīng)該喝 大量的水。

4.What’s the matter? 你怎么了？

I’ve got headache and stomachache.我頭痛還有胃痛。5.have got/ have a cough 咳嗽

6.a bit of a runny nose 有一點(diǎn)流鼻涕

7.have a fever 發(fā)燒了

8.take one’s temperature 量某人的體溫 9.take a deep breath 做一個(gè)深呼吸 10.have the flu 得了流行感冒

11.Take this twice a day before meals.飯前吃這個(gè)一天兩次

12.You should stay at home for the next few days.你應(yīng)該這幾天呆在家里 13.get plenty of rest 得到大量休息

14.need a note for school 學(xué)校需要病假條

15.That’ll make your body strong and keep you away from flu.那將使你的身體強(qiáng)壯，保持你遠(yuǎn)離流感 16.at the doctor’s office … 在醫(yī)務(wù)室

17.lots of =a lot of=plenty of…許多=大量=大量 18.My headache is a lot better.我的頭痛好多了

19.We spent a lot of / lots of / plenty of money on it.我們?cè)谒匣ㄙM(fèi)了許多錢 20.have a cold 感冒

21.See the doctor:看醫(yī)生 What’s the matter? 你怎么了？

I have a cough/ a bad headache.我咳嗽和一個(gè)頭痛

You have a cold.你得了流感

Drink plenty of water.喝大量的水

You should get plenty of rest and take this medicine twice a day.你應(yīng)該得到大量的休息 吃這個(gè)藥一天兩次 Lesson 11

Health Advice 1.want to do sth.想要干某事

2.get the flu患流感

3.feel / be sleepy感覺困倦

4.stay fit/ health 保持合適/健康

5.listen to loud music 聽大聲的音樂

6.make sb.deaf 使某人聾了

7.be harmful有害的He doesn’t think it’s harmful.他不認(rèn)為它是有害的 8.for example 舉例子

9.bird flu禽流感

10.wash one’s hands with soap用肥皂洗某人的手

11.20 times a day 一天20次

12.When people sneeze, we can get the flu from the air.當(dāng)人們打噴嚏時(shí)

我們可以在空氣中得到流感

13.It’s very hard for people to get flu.得流感是對(duì)人們來說很困難的 14.be harmful to sb.對(duì)某人有害

It’s also harmful to you when you dad smoke around you.當(dāng)你爸爸在你周圍吸煙時(shí)，它也對(duì)你有害

15.It’s good do sth.干某事是好的 16.stay healthy 保持健康

It’s good to wash your hands because it helps you stay healthy.洗你的手是好的因?yàn)樗鼛椭惚３纸】?17.keep sth.+形容詞

保持某物怎么樣

When you keep your hands clean, it’s harder to get the flu.當(dāng)你保持你收干凈的時(shí)候 得到流感就很困難了

18.It can hurt your ears when you listen to very loud music on earphones.當(dāng)你用耳機(jī)挺大聲的音樂時(shí)他能傷害你的耳朵

19.make sure確保

20.be afraid of doing sth.害怕干某事 21.構(gòu)詞：名詞——形容詞

harm---harmful;care---careful;help---helpful;

use---useful;wonder---wonderful Lesson 12 Healthy Bones 1.be weak 身體弱、差，學(xué)習(xí)差等

2.Are bones hard on the inside? 內(nèi)部的骨骼堅(jiān)硬嗎？ 3.What can we do to keep our bones healthy? 我們能做些什么去保持骨骼的健康？

4.hold a book 拿一本書

5.support our bodies 支撐我們的身體 6.move freely 自由移動(dòng)

7.Although they are very light, bones are strong enough to support our weight.雖然它們很輕，但骨骼足夠結(jié)實(shí)可以支撐我們的體重。

8.Bones are hard on the outside, but they are soft on the inside.外部骨骼很堅(jiān)硬，但內(nèi)部骨骼卻很柔軟。9.make blood 制造血液

10.carry sth.through sp.把某物輸送到某處

Blood carries nutrients through our bodies.血液將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)輸送到我們的全身。11.move sth.away 把某物移走

It also help move waste materials away so our bodies can stay healthy.它（血液）也可以把無用的物質(zhì)移走，所以我們的身體就可以保持健康。12.Calcium makes our bones solid, so we need to get enough of it each day.因?yàn)殁}讓我們的骨骼堅(jiān)固，所以我們每天需要獲取充足的鈣。

13.Although we get vitamin D from food like fish and eggs, we can also get it from the sun.雖然我們可以從象魚和雞蛋這樣的食物中獲取維生素D，但我們也可以從陽(yáng)光中獲取它。

14.Try to get a bit of sun every day so you can have healthier bones!試著每天曬點(diǎn)太陽(yáng)你就會(huì)擁有健康的骨骼。

15.make…a habit 養(yǎng)成…..的習(xí)慣

16.daily activities 日?；顒?dòng) 17.climb stairs 爬樓梯 18.構(gòu)詞：反義詞

hard—soft;inside—outside;sick—healthy;weak--strong 19.because/ so

因?yàn)?所以

Bones are important because they help us move freely.骨骼很重要因?yàn)樗鼈兡軒椭覀冏杂傻匾苿?dòng)。Bones help us move freely, so they are important.骨骼能幫助我們自由地移動(dòng)，所以它們很重要。20.Although/ but 雖讓，但是

Bones are hard on the outside, but they’re soft on the inside.Although bones are hard on the outside, they are soft on the inside.21.before lunchtime 午餐前

22.Although I’m very busy at school, I try to exercise three times a week.雖然在學(xué)校我非常忙，但是我努力一周鍛煉3次 Communication Workshop 1.do a survey at school 在學(xué)校做個(gè)調(diào)查

2.good/ bad habits 好習(xí)慣、壞習(xí)慣

3.I’m fast so I don’t waste water.我很快所以不浪費(fèi)水 4.When you exercise, it makes your bones stronger.當(dāng)你鍛煉時(shí)，它讓你的骨骼更強(qiáng)壯。5.play ping-pong 打乒乓球

6.I have a lot of good habits, but I need to eat less junk food and exercise more.我有許多好習(xí)慣，但我需要少吃垃圾食品、多做鍛煉。

7.take fast showers.快速地淋浴

8.in the blanks

在空格中 Unit 5

Helping Getting Ready 1.protect the environment保護(hù)環(huán)境

2.recycle bottles/ plastic/ paper回收瓶子，塑料紙。3.save electricity/ water節(jié)電/節(jié)水

4.turn off lights / the TV關(guān)燈，關(guān)電視 Lesson 13

Helping Your Community 1.Make a reply to requests對(duì)要求做一個(gè)回復(fù) 2.on the notice board在通知板上 3.do volunteer work做志愿者的工作 4.similar/different相似，不同

5.It seems that it dirtier than I thought.看起來比我們想象的更臟 6.It’s really a shame.真的很遺憾

7.There is some metal here and some old cans too.這里也有一些金屬和一些舊的

8.You have a rope with you, right?你有一條繩子，對(duì)嗎 9.pieces of wood幾塊木頭 10.Just a second.稍等

11.be finished完成了的We are finally finished.我們最終完成了 12.litter on the beach在海灘上扔?xùn)|西

I think we really need to let people know they shouldn’t litter on the beach.我認(rèn)為我們真的需要讓人們知道他們不應(yīng)該在海灘上扔?xùn)|西 13.put up a notice張貼一個(gè)通知 14.complete a form填寫一個(gè)表格 15.read sth.to sb.給某人讀…….16.beach clean-up海灘清掃（名詞短語(yǔ)）clean up the beach 17.two cans of soup兩罐湯

18.I have an exam tomorrow, so I can’t play basketball with you.明天我有一場(chǎng)考試，因此我不能和你一起打籃球。19.Key expressions: Requests and replies Can you give me one, please?請(qǐng)問，你能給我一個(gè)嗎？ Can we use it?我們可以用一下嗎？ Sure, Here you are.當(dāng)然可以，給你

Just a second./ Sorry, I don’t have it either稍等/對(duì)不起,我也沒有。Lesson 14 Helping Each Other Lesson Focus:

1.Vocabulary from the reading

2.Past continuous affirmative and negative statements

3.Talking about helping other people 1.fight with sb.和某人打架 2.be polite有禮貌的Fight with students if they are not polite.如果學(xué)生沒禮貌就和他們打架 3.laugh at sb./ sth.嘲笑某人/某事

4.avoid doing sth.避免做某事 5.be friendly to sb.對(duì)某人友好

6.share…with…和…….分析 7.fall off one’s bike從自行車上摔下來

8.Actually, it was my first day at my new school.實(shí)際上，那是我去新學(xué)校的第一天 9.ride on ice在冰上騎車

She was riding on ice when suddenly she fell off her bike a few steps in front of me.她在冰上騎車，突然她從自行車上摔下來，就在我面前的幾步遠(yuǎn) 10.Without thinking, I went over and helped her stand up.毫不猶豫，我就過去幫助她站了起來

11.lead …to…把……領(lǐng)到…….12.dare to do sth.敢做某事

I don’t dare to go outside at night.在晚上我不敢出去 13.have a copy有一個(gè)拷貝版

14.What a surprise!多么令人吃驚呀 15.from then on從那時(shí)起 16.so…that…如此……以至于

Amy was so nervous that she didn’t dare to look at the other students.Amy 是如此的緊張以至于她不敢看其他學(xué)生 17.help each other互相幫助

18.I wonder why Kate is so happy.我很疑惑為什么凱特如此高興 19.make a speech in public在公共場(chǎng)合做一個(gè)演講 20.one of the most important events最重要的事件之一 21.try hard to do sth.試圖努力做某事 22.lie in bed躺在床上

I was lying in bed when you called me.當(dāng)你給我打電話的時(shí)候，我正躺在床上呢

Lesson 15

A Young Hero Lesson Focus:.1.because and because of 2.Past continuous questions and short answers 3.Talking about past actions 1.Christmas holiday圣誕節(jié)假日

2.save a life挽救一個(gè)生命 3.at once立刻

4.because of/ beause

Because of Tilly’s warning, the hotel 因?yàn)榈冫悓?duì)旅館的警告，quickly helped guests get to a safer place.很快幫助客人到達(dá)了安全地點(diǎn)

Tilly was worried because the water bubbled蒂麗很擔(dān)心，.因?yàn)樗€冒著泡。5.be empty空的

Communication Workshop 1.shake hands with…和……握手 2.show...around…帶……四處轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) 3.to one’s surprise令某人驚訝的是 4.be delicious美味的 5.get on the bus上車 6.teddy bear玩具熊

7.a huge panda statue.一個(gè)很大的熊貓雕像 Unit 6 The Unexplained Getting Ready Lesson Focus:.1.Unexplained things 2.Talking about unusual things 1.unusual skills.不尋常的能力 2.strange creature 奇怪的特征 Lesson 16

Natural Abilities Lesson Focus:.1.Senses, prepositions and adverbs 2.Past continuous and past simple 3.Guessing what your partner was doing at a particular time

1.Key words: Senses.感官動(dòng)詞

hear, see, smell, taste, touch(feel)聽，看，聞，嘗，觸摸

2.amazing animals令人吃驚的動(dòng)物

3.return from a trip從一個(gè)旅行返回 4.appear/ disappear出現(xiàn)/消失

5.relax at a coffee shop在一個(gè)咖啡店放松一下

6.take…for a walk 帶……散步

7.act strangely奇怪的動(dòng)作 8.work in the yard在院子里工作

9.be noisy吵鬧的 10.break the fence弄破柵欄

11.search for…尋找

12.start shaking開始搖動(dòng)

13.keep doing 持續(xù)做某事 14.run after...追逐、追趕

15.give up放棄 16.run away from…從……跑走

17.wake up 喚醒、蘇醒

Wake sb up喚醒某人

18.What were you doing when it happened?當(dāng)那件事情發(fā)生的時(shí)候你在做什么 Lesson 17 True Stories Lesson Focus:.1.adjectives, expressions with get, adverbs after, before, during 2.Talking about real and imaginary things 1.something unusual不尋常的事

2.get/ be scared害怕 3.be hairy多毛的4.throw …at…向……扔?xùn)|西 5.He was making noises as he slowly walked away.當(dāng)他慢慢走開的時(shí)候，發(fā)出了些聲響

6.in a newspaper在報(bào)紙里

7.row across…in a small boat劃船穿過…… 8.during the trip在旅行期間

9.come toward…朝….過來 10.dive under在……下面潛水…

11.come up on the other side of…在……另一邊出現(xiàn)

12.get dark/ nervous/ angry/ cold/ hot變黑，緊張，生氣，冷，熱 13.after a while一會(huì)兒

14.before that在那之前

15.be imaginary想象中的 Lesson 18

Dreams Lesson Focus: 1.dream about 夢(mèng)到關(guān)于…

2.have dreams 做夢(mèng)，擁有夢(mèng)想

3.right now 立即，馬上

4.It’s really difficult to prove how and why we dream.證明我們?nèi)绾我约盀槭裁醋鰤?mèng)是相當(dāng)難的。5.be asleep 睡著

6.be active 積極

7.be in one’s pyjamas 穿睡衣

8.work at a radio studio 在廣播室工作 9.in fact 事實(shí)上

10.Key expressions: showing surprise 表達(dá)驚呀

--Even animals have dreams.甚至動(dòng)物也做夢(mèng)

--Wow, that’s funny.喔，那太有意思了。

--For humans, there are some common dreams 對(duì)于人類，有一些普通的夢(mèng)想

--I didn’t realize that.我沒有意識(shí)到。Communication Workshop 1.make friends with sb 與某人交朋友

2.get hurt 受傷

3.wait for sb等候某人

4.wake up 醒來，蘇醒

5.fly in the air 在天空中飛翔

6.forget about…

忘記關(guān)于…

7.wear my pyjamas 穿睡衣

第二篇：仁愛英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)（仁愛版）語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)

Unit 1 Sports and Games Topic 1 Are you going to play basketball? 1.see sb.do sth “看見某人做了某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過程,常與every day;often等連用.see sb.doing sth.“看見某人正在做某事” 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行.Eg : I saw you play basketball almost every day during the summer holidays.I often see him draw pictures near the river.我常看見她在河邊畫畫.I saw her go across the street.我看見她過了馬路

I saw her going across the street.我看見她正在過馬路.[類似的有watch,hear,feel 等這類感觀動(dòng)詞.] 2.join sb.表示 “加入某人的行列” “和某人在一起”

join + 組織

表示 “加入某個(gè)組織”

take part in

表示 “參加/出席某個(gè)活動(dòng)”

如: Will you join us?

I will join the skiing club.She is planning to take part in the high jump.3.prefer to 更喜歡

（to是介詞，后接名詞、V-ing形式）

Eg：She prefers fish to meat.She prefers playing the piano to playing the guitar.4.arrive in + 大地點(diǎn)arrive at + 小地點(diǎn)

get to + 地點(diǎn) = reach + 地點(diǎn) 如: My uncle arrived in Beijing yesterday.I arrived at the Great Wall.= I got to the Great Wall.= I reached the Great Wall.注意: reach here/there/home = get here/there/home = arrive here/there/home 5.leave? 離開??

leave for? 動(dòng)身去?/離開到?

如: They are leaving Beijing tomorrow.明天他們要離開北京.They are leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow.后天他們要前往日本.6.a few “幾個(gè);一些” 修飾可數(shù)名詞

a little “一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)” 修飾不數(shù)名詞 如: There are a few eggs in the basket.There is a little water in the bottle.7.how long 表示“多久(時(shí)間)”;提問時(shí)間段.how often 表示 “多常;多久一次”;提問時(shí)間的頻率.如: They will stay in Beijing for a week.→ How long will they stay in Beijing?

He plays basketball twice a week.→

How often does he play basketball? 8..be good at(doing)sth.= do well in(doing)sth.擅長(zhǎng)于(做)某事

如: She is good at(playing)baseball.= She does well in(playing)baseball.9..make sth/sb + adj.使某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)

keep ?sth/sb + adj.保持某物(某人)在某種狀態(tài)

如: Playing soccer can make your body strong.Swimming can help to keep your heart and lungs healthy.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法

一般將來時(shí)：

（一）be going to 結(jié)構(gòu): ①表示主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行某一將來行動(dòng)的打算、意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過預(yù)先考慮并含有自己做好某些準(zhǔn)備的意思，因此通常認(rèn)為用be going to表達(dá)的行動(dòng)很可能會(huì)見諸實(shí)踐。

如：I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.我打算本周日和同學(xué)們一起打籃球。

She is going to buy a sweater for her mother.她打算為她媽媽買一件毛衣。

②表預(yù)測(cè)。指根據(jù)跡象推測(cè)，而且馬上或很快就要發(fā)生。

如：Look at those clouds.It’s going to rain.瞧那些烏云！快要下雨了！

（二）will + 動(dòng)詞原形：表示單純的將來事實(shí)，常與表將來的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year?)等連用。will not = won’t;縮略形式為’ll.表示作出立即的決定。這種意圖并未經(jīng)過事先的考慮或計(jì)劃，是臨時(shí)的一種決定。如：a.----Please put your things away, Tom.湯姆，把你的東西收拾好。----I’m sorry.I’ll do it right away.對(duì)不起。我馬上就去做。b.----Would you like coffee or tea? 您要咖啡還是茶？

----I will have a cup of tea,please.我要一杯茶。

c.Don’t worry.I’ll help you.別擔(dān)心。我會(huì)幫你的。表示預(yù)測(cè)。指說話人對(duì)于將來的看法、假設(shè)和推測(cè)。

如： I’m sure our team will win next time.我確信下次我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏。Maybe she will go to the gym.也許她會(huì)去體育館。

表示許諾。如： I’ll do better next time.下次我會(huì)做得更好的。

I’ll visit you tomorrow.明天我會(huì)去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They won’t go to play baseball soon.一般疑問句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon? 回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will.No, I/she /he/they won’t.（三）動(dòng)詞plan, come, go, leave, fly等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的事.如： I’m coming.我就來。

He is leaving for Shanghai.他將到上海去。

We are going to Beijing.我們將去北京。

Topic 2

Would you mind teaching me ?

1.ill 與 sick 都表示 “生病的”, 只能作表語(yǔ)而既可作表語(yǔ)也可作定語(yǔ).如: The man is ill/sick.那個(gè)男人病了.(作表語(yǔ))

He is a sick man.他是個(gè)病人.(作定語(yǔ))2.Would you mind(not)doing sth? 表示 “(不)做某事介意/好嗎?” 如: Would you mind coming and checking it? 來修理它好嗎?

Would you mind not smoking here? 不要在這兒吸煙好/介意嗎? 3.one of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)

表示 “其中之一??”, 主語(yǔ)是one,表單數(shù).謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

如: One of my teammates is strong and tall.其中我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友又高又壯。4.miss “錯(cuò)過,思念,遺失”

如: I missed the last bus yesterday.昨天我錯(cuò)過最后一班車.He missed his mother.他想念他的母親.My God!I missed(=lost)my key.天啊!我把鑰匙弄丟了.5.do one’s best 盡某人的最大努力

= try one’s best We do our best to finish the task.6.be sure to do sth.= be sure that + 句子

“確定做某事”

如: We are sure to win next time.= We are sure that we will win next time.我們確信下次一定會(huì)贏。7.be sorry for? “為某事抱歉”

be sorry to do sth.= be sorry(that)+ 句子 “很抱歉做了某事” 如: I am very sorry for what I said.我為我所說的話感到抱歉.I’m sorry I lost your book.= I’m sorry to lose your book.很抱歉弄丟你的書。8.tired adj.“（感到）疲憊的” , 主語(yǔ)是人

如: I feel tired today.今天我感到累了.tiring adj.“令人疲勞的”, 主語(yǔ)是事物

如:This job is tiring.這份工作令人疲憊.類似的有: excited 感到興奮的 exciting 令人興奮的 interested 感到有趣的interesting 有趣的 9.15-year-old “15歲的” years old “15歲”

如: He is a 15-year-old boy.= The boy is 15 years old.類似用法: 2.5-mile / 2.5 miles 10.instead “替代;相反”, 一般單獨(dú)使用,放在句末,前面用逗號(hào)隔開.instead of?“替代??;而不??,相反”

如: I won’t go to Shanghai.I’ll go to Beijing, instead.我不會(huì)去上海而會(huì)去北京.= I’ll go to Beijing instead of Shanghai.I drank a lot of milk instead of water.我喝了許多牛奶而不是水.have fun doing sth.= enjoy doing sth.表示 “從做??.中獲得樂趣”

如: I have great fun running.= I enjoy running.我總能在跑步中得到很大樂趣。

Topic 3 Which sport will you take part in?

1.be ready for 為?準(zhǔn)備

= prepare for

Eg：We are ready for the final exam

= We are preparing for the final exam 2.encourage 鼓勵(lì)

(to + V)Eg：We should encourage children to look after themselves.3.take / do exercise 做鍛煉

Eg：They often takes / does exercise in the morning.4.group up 長(zhǎng)大

Eg：What are you going to be when you grow up.bring up : 撫養(yǎng)

5.a symbol of代表

= stand for Eg：The Tang costume stands for Chinese fashion culture and the long history of China.The Tang costume is a symbol of Chinese fashion culture and the long history of China.6.at least 至少

at most 至多

Eg：We need at least another two days to finish the task.There are 1000 students in this school at most.7.fill out + 名詞

“填好??” fill + 名詞/代詞+out 如: Please fill out this form.= Please fill this form out.請(qǐng)?zhí)詈眠@張表格.Please fill it/them out.(當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí), 只能放中間)請(qǐng)把它(們)填好.8.be afraid?

“恐怕” 指有禮貌地、委婉地拒絕別人.be afraid of?

“害怕(做)??”

如: I’m afraid I won’t be free.我恐怕沒有空.He is afraid of dogs.他害怕狗.They are afraid of losing the game.他們害怕輸了比賽.9.may be “可能是??”

may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be maybe “或許;可能”

maybe是副詞

如: He may be a teacher.= Maybe he is a teacher.他可能是一名老師.He may know her name.= Maybe he knows her name.他可能知道她的名字.10.between 在兩者之間

among

在三者或三者當(dāng)中 如: The answer is between A and B.答案在A和B 之間.The winner is among of us.獲勝者在我們當(dāng)中.Unit 2

Keeping Healthy Topic 1 How are you feeling today? 1.身體某個(gè)部位 + ache，表身體某處疼痛。

如: headache 頭痛

backache 背痛

stomachache 胃痛

toothache 牙痛 2.medicine

“藥”（為不可數(shù)名詞）

pill

“藥片”（為可數(shù)名詞）如: take some medicine

吃些藥

take some cold pills

吃些感冒藥 3.with

“含有?”

without “沒有”

Eg：hot tea with honey 加蜜的茶

coffee with sugar and milk

加糖和牛奶

mooncake with eggs 含雞蛋的月餅

Chinese tea with nothing = Chinese tea without anything 中國(guó)清茶

Go to school without(eating)breakfast.沒吃早飯去上學(xué)。4.well 康復(fù)

well 是副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞。作為形容詞來用時(shí)，是“身體健康”的意思。Eg：She dances well.(well是副詞)

Take care of you，you’ll be well soon.(well是形容詞)good是形容詞，“好的”

eg：He is a good boy.5.You’d better go to see a doctor.你最好去看醫(yī)生

see a doctor 看醫(yī)生

had better(not)do sth 最好（不）做某事 Eg：You’d better ask your teacher for help

You have a fever，Let’s see a doctor.Your leg is hurt，you’d better not move.6.have a rest 休息一下

Eg:You look tired ,why not have a rest? 7.until

“直到?為止”;句中動(dòng)詞一般為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

not ?until?

“直到?才?”;句中動(dòng)詞一般為短暫性動(dòng)詞

如: He will wait for his father until ten o’clock.他將等他父親一直到10點(diǎn)為止.He won’t leave until his father comes.直到他父親來他才離開.8.plenty of? “充足;大量”

既可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 只用于肯定句, 相當(dāng)于a lot of?/ lots of?

many

“許多”, 修飾可數(shù)名詞

much

“許多”, 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如: You should drink plenty of /a lot of boiled water.你應(yīng)該喝大量的開水.You shouldn’t drink so much water.你不應(yīng)該喝這么多水.I have many/lots of/a lot of/plenty of books.我有許多水.Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1.be good for?

對(duì)??有益

be bad for?

對(duì)?有害 如: Swimming is good for health.游泳對(duì)健康有益.Reading in strong sunlight is bad for the eyes.在強(qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光下看書對(duì)眼睛有害.2.enough adj.“足夠的”

修飾名詞時(shí), 既可放在名詞之前, 也可放在名詞之后.(但通常放在名詞之前)如: I have enough time/ time enough to finish this work.我有足夠的時(shí)間完成這項(xiàng)工作.There is enough food in the fridge.冰箱里有足夠的食物.adv.“足夠地”

修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí), 均放在所修飾詞的后面.如: He is tall enough to reach the apple.他足夠高,能夠得著蘋果.He speaks clearly enough.他講得足夠清楚.3.need “需要, 必需”

作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞: need sth.需要某物

need to do sth.需要做某事 如: I need some help.我需要一些幫助.You need to see a doctor.你需要去看醫(yī)生.He needs to take a bus.他需要去搭車.作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: need + 動(dòng)詞原形

如: If she wants anything, she only need ask.她想要什么東西, 只要開口就行了.You needn’t finish this work today.你不必今天完成這項(xiàng)工作.4.too much + 不可數(shù)名詞

表“太多的?”

much too + 形容詞

表“太?”，much 起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣作用

如：Don’t eat too much meat.不要吃太多的肉。

He is much too fat.他實(shí)在太胖了。5.give up 放棄

Eg|：In order to keep healthy，you must give up smoking and drinking.6.Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜有害你的健康.(V-ing短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ))

staying up（late）熬夜（到很晚）6.throw about 亂扔

Eg：We shouldn’t throw litter about.7.in public 公共的

Eg：We shouldn’t smoke in public.8.more than 超過

less than 少于

Eg：There are more than 1000 students in that school.I do morning exercise less than three times a week.9.must “必須, 一定”

如: We must study hard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí).must表示推測(cè)時(shí)一般用于肯定句；在疑問句和否定句中一般應(yīng)用can,否定句中也可用功ay,但may not表示“可能不”，而can't表示“不可能”；

(4）否定句中，mustn't表示禁止，意為“不允許”。以must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答應(yīng)用must，而否定回答則常用needn't,needn't表示“不需要、不必”，相當(dāng)于don't have to。如：

There's someone knocking on the door.It must he Jim.有人敲門。肯定是吉姆。

Eg-Must we keep the windows open all the time?

-No, we don’t have to./ No, we needn’t.(注意回答時(shí)不能用No, we mustn’t.)* have to “不得不,必須”, 側(cè)重表示因客觀條件或客觀環(huán)境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)）如：It’s too late.I have to go now.太遲了.現(xiàn)在我得走了.I had to borrow some money at that time.那時(shí)我不得不借了一些錢.Topic 3 We should do to fight SARS?

1.hurry up 趕快 2.be on TV 上電視 Eg：He is on TV 3.go ahead 向前走 ； 著手干

Eg：Go ahead and you will find a bank.-Mr.Wang ,I want to ask you a question.-Go ahead.4.build up 使強(qiáng)健

Eg:We must do as much exercise as we can to build up our bodies.5.take care of 照顧

= look after Eg: The boy is too young to take care of himself.= The boy is too young to look after himself.6.It’s my duty to save the patients.挽救病人是我的職責(zé)。

It’s my duty to do sth 做?是我的責(zé)任 Eg：It’s our duty to keep the classroom clean.7.on 通過，使用

Eg：Now，more and more students learn English on Internet.8.Long time no see.好久不見。

9.talk with sb.表 “與??交流” , 指 “與人平等地交流、討論”

talk to sb.表示 “找某人談話” , 在口語(yǔ)中常 “責(zé)備某人” 如: Jim’s father is talking with the teacher.吉姆的父親正在和老師交談.I will talk to him about his careless.我要找他談話,批評(píng)他的粗心大意.10.teach oneself 自學(xué)

= learn by oneself

Eg：His family is too poor to afford his education ,so he teach himself after school.11.enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得高興

12.help sb(to)do sth = help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事 如: I helped my mother cook at home.= I helped my mother with the cook at home.我在家?guī)臀夷赣H做飯.Unit3 Our Hobbies Topic 1 What hobbies did you use to have ? 1.What beautiful stamps!(Page 53)哇，那么漂亮的郵票！what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句

（1）.What +a(an)＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式＋主語(yǔ)十 謂語(yǔ)！

What a beautiful girl she is！

她是一個(gè)多么漂亮的女孩呀！

（2）.What＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！女日：

What important jobs they have done！

他們做了多么重要的工作呀！

（3）.What＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！如：

How sweet water it is！多甜的水呀！

how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句

（1）.How十形容詞或副詞＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！如：

How interesting the dog is！多么有趣的狗呀！

（2）.How＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！如：

How useful a subject they are learning！

他們正在學(xué)的科目多么有用呀！

（3）.How＋主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)！如：

How time flies！時(shí)間過得真快呀！

技巧總結(jié)：從后往前劃出主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)，然后看前部的中心詞，名詞用what，形容詞、副詞用how。

2.We can learn a lot about people, places, history, and special times from stamps.(Page 53)通過這些郵票我們可以學(xué)到許多關(guān)于人文、地理、歷史和特殊時(shí)代的知識(shí)。

a lot “許多、大量”，用在動(dòng)詞后，同very much。如: eg： She had told me a lot about how to learn English well.另外，a lot of 和lots of 的意思也是“許多、大量”，要用在名詞前，在肯定句中常代替much，many。Eg：There are a lot of / lots of history books in the room.屋里有許多歷史書。

There is still a lot of / lots of snow on top of the house.房上仍有許多雪。

a lot of和lots of之間沒有多大區(qū)別，都可以與可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞連用。與不可數(shù)名詞連用時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，與可數(shù)名詞連用時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。見上述例句。

3.What things do you love collecting?(Page 53)你喜歡集什么東西？ love + doing表示“喜歡、愛好”，也可以用like+ doing表示。如： 1）I love listening to the music.我愛好聽音樂。

5.I am interested in playing sports.(Page 54)我對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)感興趣。

be interested in(doing)sth.“對(duì)?感興趣”如:

I?am interested in reading books.我對(duì)讀書特別感興趣。

Jack is interested in football.杰克對(duì)足球很感興趣。

6.What do you often do in your spare time?

在你的業(yè)余時(shí)間里面你都做些什么??？ in one’s spare time “在業(yè)余時(shí)間”“在閑暇之際”，也可用in one’s free time替換。如: eg：I shall do it in my spare time.我會(huì)在我的業(yè)余時(shí)間做這件事。

In my free time I often go to the movies.在閑暇之際，我常去看電影。

?7.I often go fishing.(Page 55)我經(jīng)常去釣魚。go + doing表示“去做某事”

go +v-ing結(jié)構(gòu)很常用，多用于體育活動(dòng)和業(yè)余娛樂活動(dòng)。如: 1)Let’s go fishing next Sunday.下星期天我們?nèi)メ烎~吧。

2)Are you going hiking this weekend?這個(gè)周末你打算去遠(yuǎn)足嗎？

另外還有：go hunting 去打獵??go shooting 去射擊??go swimming 去游泳 go bathing 去沐浴??go shopping 去購(gòu)物??go climbing 去爬山 8.And I do a lot of reading.我通常都是閱讀一些書籍。在英語(yǔ)中有不少由“do + doing”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“干某事”。如： 散步?do some walking ?? ?do a lot of walking 讀書?do some?reading

do a lot of reading 洗衣服?do some?washing

do a lot of washing 買東西?do some shopping

do a lot of shopping 清掃?do some cleaning

do a lot of cleaning 9.Why not go out and do some outdoor activities?

為什么不走出去做一些戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)呢？用why not do sth

用來征求對(duì)方的意見或表達(dá)建議。使用這種句子必須要有上下文，如：

Why not run a little faster?為什么不跑快一點(diǎn)呢？

11.And I wasn’t interested in sports at all.我對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)一點(diǎn)興趣都沒有。not...at all “一點(diǎn)也不??”；“全然不”。如： 1）I didn’t mind it at all.我一點(diǎn)也不在意。

2）—Thank you for helping me.謝謝你幫助我。—Not at all.沒關(guān)系。12.I used to know little about paintings.我過去不太懂繪畫。

little和few都含有否定的意思。表示“不多”；“很少”。little相當(dāng)于not much, few相當(dāng)于not many。little與不可數(shù)名詞連用, few與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用。如：

I have little time.我的時(shí)間很少。

Few people would agree with him.沒有多少人同意他。而a little和a few含有肯定的意思，表示“一些”；“幾個(gè)”（雖然少，但有一些）。如：

There’s a little water in the glass.杯子里還有點(diǎn)兒水。

I still have a few friends in Beijing.我在北京還有幾個(gè)朋友。13.I enjoy listening to rock music.(Page 56)我喜歡聽搖滾音樂。

enjoy意為“喜歡，欣賞”，含有“樂于、享受??之樂趣”之意，其后可以跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”之意。

The Greens enjoy living in China.格林一家喜歡在中國(guó)居住。

Did you enjoy yourself in the zoo?你在動(dòng)物園玩得愉快嗎？

Many foreigners enjoy Chinese food.很多外國(guó)人喜歡中國(guó)菜。

prefer意為“寧愿、更喜歡”，用于兩者之間的選擇，其后可跟名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或不定式。prefer...to...表示“寧愿?，不愿?”，“喜歡?而不喜歡?”，其中to為介詞，后可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。如：

Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?

你比較喜歡喝茶，還是喝咖啡？

I prefer walking to cycling.我喜歡步行勝過騎單車。

My brother likes maths, but I prefer English.我哥哥喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，而我更喜歡英語(yǔ)。

14.Did you use to go swimming during?summer vacations? 在暑假里，你過去經(jīng)常去游泳么？

during “在?的期間、在?的時(shí)候”。如：

eg

The sun gives us light during the daytime.太陽(yáng)在白天給我們陽(yáng)光。

He called to see me during my absence.當(dāng)我不在的時(shí)候他來訪過我。

15．I used to do that in the pond in front of my house.(Page 57)我過去常在我家門前的池塘里游泳。

in front of “在??的前面”；指在物體外部的前面。而in the front of “??的前部”；指在物體內(nèi)部的前面，即前部。注意它們的區(qū)別。試比較：

eg:

There is a tall tree in front of my house.我家房前有一棵大樹。

The driver is sitting in the front of the car.司機(jī)坐在汽車的前面。

16.When they are free, people usually do what they like.當(dāng)人們空閑的時(shí)候，他們總是做一些自己喜歡的事情。

free “有空、空閑”，be free可以替換為have time。如：

eg:

Are you free this evening? = Do you have time this evening? 你今天晚上有空嗎？

If I am free, I am going to visit the museum.= If I have time, I am going to visit the museum.如果有時(shí)間，我打算去參觀博物館。

17.such as

比如?

Eg|：They also paint pictures or collect things such as coins, dolls or stamps.他們也繪畫或者收集一些東西，例如：硬幣、娃娃或郵票。

eg: We study several subjects, such as Chinese, maths, English and physics.我們學(xué)習(xí)很多的科目，比如語(yǔ)文、數(shù)學(xué)、英語(yǔ)和物理。

18.When people become old, hobbies can keep them healthy.When people are sick, hobbies can help them get well sooner.當(dāng)人們變老的時(shí)候，愛好可以幫助他們保持健康。當(dāng)人們身體虛弱的時(shí)候，愛好還可以幫助他們很快地康復(fù)。本句中become, keep, be, 與get都是系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞的基本用法是其后加形容詞做表語(yǔ)。三.語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)

used to do sth.這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示過去的習(xí)慣（過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）或狀態(tài)（暗含的意思是現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在），只有一種形式，即過去式，用于所有人稱。used to的否定形式為：used not to do或didn’t use to do。疑問句為Used you to...? 或 Did you use to...?如：

eg: He used not to like Peking opera, but now he’s very fond of it.他過去不喜歡京劇，但現(xiàn)在非常喜歡。

現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人在口語(yǔ)中或不太正式的書面語(yǔ)中對(duì)否定句和疑問句常使用與do 連用的形式。例如： 1)I didn’t use to like skating, but now I like it very much.我過去不喜歡滑冰，但現(xiàn)在很喜歡。2)Did you use to go there?你以往常去哪兒？

3)There used to be a theatre here, didn’t there?以前這里有一座劇院，是不是？

另外，注意be used to doing sth.與used to do sth.的區(qū)別：

be used to doing sth “習(xí)慣于??，適應(yīng)于??”如:

eg: He is used to working hard.他習(xí)慣于努力地工作。

eg: He used to bring me roses when he came to see me.過去他來看我時(shí),常帶玫瑰花。

be used to do sth.“某物被用來做某事”。如：

eg: Computers can be used to do a lot of work now.如今電腦可用來做許多事.3.He doesn’t mind whether they’re good or not.他并不介意它們是否是好的。

此句為以whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。whether...or not“不論是否?”。如：

eg: You have to get up early everyday whether it rains or not.你必須天天早點(diǎn)起床，不論是否下雨。

if與whether的區(qū)別。

whether 后可緊接or not，而if一般不能。

eg: Let me know whether or not you can come.你能來還是不能來，請(qǐng)告訴我一聲。whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句可移到主句前，if則不能。如：

eg: Whether this is true or not, I can not say.這件事是否真實(shí)，我說不上。

不定式前用whether，不用if。如：

I haven’t decided whether to go to the cinema or to stay at home.介詞后可用whether，不用if。如：

I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.我是否回家還沒有定。Topic2 What sweet music!1.What kind of musical instrument can you play?(Page 62)你會(huì)彈什么種類的樂器？ kind 是“種類，類型”的意思。如：

a kind of 一種，all kinds of各種各樣，what kind of 什么類型的。如: eg: Dumpling is a kind of Chinese food.餃子是一種中國(guó)食品。

eg: There are all kinds of books in Beijing Library.北京圖書館有各種各樣的圖書。eg: What kind of room would you like, a double room or a single room? 2.They are very popular among young people.(Page 64)它們?cè)谀贻p人當(dāng)中很流行。among 介詞“在??當(dāng)中”,“在??中間”，用于三者或三者以上；而between也是介詞“在??當(dāng)中”,“在??中間”之意，則只能用于兩者之間。如：

eg: Tom runs fastest among the boys in his class.eg: Mary is sitting between the twins.瑪麗坐在雙胞胎的中間。? 8.Guo Lanying, Song Zuying and Tenger are famous for their folk songs.(Page 64)be famous for“以??而著名”, “因?而出名”。如：

eg: Gui Lin is famous for the stone forests.桂林以石林而著名。be famous as ?

作為?出名

Eg: YaoMing is famous as a basketball player.9.In the fall of 1976, a-14-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen, looked for some musicians.look for “尋找”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”的過程，而find“找到”，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)“找到”的結(jié)果。如： I looked for it everywhere, but I can’t find it anywhere.? 10.They continue making music.他們繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作音樂。continue + to do sth./ doing sth./ n.“繼續(xù)做某事”。如：

eg：After having a rest ,he continued to read/writing/ a story 繼續(xù)閱讀/寫作/一個(gè)故事 ?11.And people all over the world still enjoy their music very much.all over the world 全世界

12.His father asked a music teacher to teach him to play the piano.ask sb.to do sth.“讓某人做某事”。如：

eg: I often ask my uncle to help me with my maths.我常請(qǐng)我叔叔幫我學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。

還有一些其他類似的用法。如：

tell sb.to do sth.?告訴某人做某事

want sb.to do sth.想讓某人做某事

teach sb.to do sth.教某人做某事

play the piano?“彈奏鋼琴”。

在英語(yǔ)中，在表示彈奏、演奏樂器時(shí)，所有的樂器前面都要加定冠詞the，如： play the guitar?/piano?/violin/drums

英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)玩球類項(xiàng)目時(shí)，我們通常在球類項(xiàng)目的名詞前不加定冠詞。如：

play football踢足球

play basketball打籃球

play bridge cards打橋牌

play?chess下棋 13.He says violin music is his favorite and it makes him happy.make +sb+adj.結(jié)構(gòu)。如： The news made us very exciting.這個(gè)消息使我們很激動(dòng)。

Topic3 What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 1．I called you but nobody answered the phone.answer the phone? “接電話”

answer “回答，答復(fù)”。如： eg: Have you answered his letter? 你回了他的信嗎？ 2.Yeah, I think so.(Page 71)是，我也這樣認(rèn)為。

I think so.的否定形式一般為I don’t think so.例如：

—Do you think classical music is very popular in China? 你認(rèn)為古典音樂在中國(guó)很流行嗎？ —No, I don’t think so.不，我認(rèn)為不很流行。

3.And I also like the young man with light hair.我也喜歡那個(gè)留著淺色頭發(fā)的年輕人。with “有”。如：

a girl with blue eyes碧眼女郎

4.I agree with you.我同意你的意見。

agree with sb.同意某人的看法。如：

I don’t agree with her.我不同意她的意見。5.There’s nothing serious.沒什么嚴(yán)重的事。nothing serious “沒事”。

注意此結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。用來修飾代詞something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody等的形容詞，要放在被修飾詞的后面。如句中serious要放在nothing的后面。如：

eg: Would you like anything else?你還要點(diǎn)兒什么嗎？

eg: I’ll tell you something important.我要告訴你一件重要的事。6.Well, Miss Wang was angry with me.王老師生我的氣了。

注意be angry?后所跟的介詞：be angry with + sb.?生某人的氣

be angry at + sb.對(duì)某人的言行氣憤 be angry about + sth.對(duì)某事生氣 如：

eg: He was angry with her for what she did.他對(duì)她所做的感到生氣 eg: He was angry at being kept waiting.他因旁人使他久等而生氣。

eg: He was angry about so much traffic in the street.他對(duì)街上那么多的車輛而氣惱。? 7.In the early 1800s, Sunday was the “holy（神圣的）day”.1800s表示19世紀(jì)，同樣的，1900s則表示20世紀(jì)。8.spend度過；花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金錢）。結(jié)構(gòu)有：spend...on sth., spend...(in)doing sth.如：

eg: He spent 5 yuan on the post card.他買這張明信片花了5元錢。

They spent three days looking for the lost sheep on the hill.cost 的主語(yǔ)是物

eg：The dictionary cost me ＄10.pay for 為?付款

eg：I paid ＄10 for the dictionary.take 的結(jié)構(gòu)為It takes sb ?to do sth。

Eg：It take me a hour to finish my homework.9.復(fù)習(xí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí).Unit 4 Our World Topic1 Plants and animals are important to us.1.cover 覆蓋

eg：He covered the pan with a piece of paper.2.Thousands of 成千上萬的hundreds of 成百上千

hundred / thousand 復(fù)數(shù)+ of Eg: We plant thousands of trees every year.3.feed on 以?為主食 eg: Horse feed on grass.We live on rice.(講人時(shí)用 live on)4.復(fù)習(xí)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成

Topic 2 I am sure there are no UFOs.1.take the place of 取代

= instead of eg：Robort can take the place of humans to do most of work in the future.= Robort can do most of work instead of humans in the future.2.mistake?for 把?弄錯(cuò)

eg：People often mistake some man-made objects for UFOs.3.be late for 遲到

eg：Hurry up ,or you will be late for school.4.wake up 叫醒

eg：Please wake me up at 6:00 tomorrow.5.How is everything going these days? Topic 3 The builders used to live models, didn’t they? 1.order 命令

eg:The cruel emperor ordered his men to fight for him.2.be made up of ? 由?組成

eg: The Great Wall is made up of thousands of huge stones.3.from then on 從那時(shí)起

from now on 從現(xiàn)在起 4.join together 連接在一起

Eg：Joining the short ropes together，you’ll get a longer one.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法

(一)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: must 與 have to ① must

＂必須;一定”, 表示有做某一動(dòng)作的必要或義務(wù),側(cè)重表達(dá)說話者的主觀看法.（只有一種時(shí)態(tài)）如：We must wash hands before meals.飯前我們必須洗手.We must eat healthy food.我們必須吃健康的食物.② have to

“不得不,必須”, 側(cè)重表示因客觀條件或客觀環(huán)境的迫使而＂不得不做某事＂．（可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)）如：It’s too late.I have to go now.太遲了.現(xiàn)在我得走了.I had to borrow some money at that time.那時(shí)我不得不借了一些錢.*----Must we keep the windows open all the time?----No, we don’t have to./ No, we needn’t.(注意回答時(shí)不能用No, we mustn’t.)

(二)電話用語(yǔ): Hello!Could /May I speak to?, please? 你好!我能跟??通話嗎? May I take a message? 我能捎個(gè)口信嗎? This is Kangkang.我是康康.Hello!Who’s that? 你好!你是誰(shuí)?

Review of Units 1---2 break the window

打破窗戶（玻璃）get lost

丟失；迷路 on one’s way(to)

在?.的路上 take the wrong bus

搭錯(cuò)車

one of the most popular sports

最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一 a group of people

一群人

form an international organization

成立一個(gè)國(guó)際組織 put sth in low places

把某物放在低處 eat sth by mistake

誤吃

put?away

把?收起來 ask for three days’ leave

請(qǐng)三天的假

①must

“必須, 一定”

如: We must study hard.我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí).mustn’t “不可以”

如: You mustn’t walk on the lawn.你不可以在草坪上行走.②should

“應(yīng)該”

如: We should finish it on time.我們應(yīng)該按時(shí)完成它.shouldn’t “不該”

如: You shouldn’t go to school late.你不該上學(xué)遲到.③had better “最好”

如：You had better go to bed early.你最好早睡。

had better not “最好不”

如：You had better not go to bed late.你最好不要遲睡。④may

“可以”

如: May I come in? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎? “可能”如: You may get a headache when you work too hard.當(dāng)你工作太努力時(shí),你可能會(huì)頭疼.(一)詢問病情

What’s wrong/the matter/ the trouble with you ? 有什么不舒服? How are you feeling now? 你現(xiàn)在感覺怎么樣? Do you have a cold? 你得了感冒了嗎?(二)訴說病情

1.I feel terrible./ I am feeling terrible.我感到難受.2.I have a headache/stomachache/?.我頭痛/肚子痛?..3.I can’t sleep well at night.我晚上睡不4.好覺.5.I cough day and night.我日日夜夜地咳嗽.6.But my left leg hurts when I move it.但是當(dāng)我移動(dòng)時(shí),我的左腿疼.(三)表示同情

1.I’m sorry to hear that.聽到這事我感到難過.2.That’s too bad.那太糟了.3.Bad luck.倒霉.(四)表達(dá)建議

1.You’d better(not)do sth.最好(不2.)做某事.3.You should/shouldn’t do sth.你(不4.)應(yīng)該做某事.5.Shall I take you to the hospital?

我?guī)闳メt(yī)院好嗎?

Would you like to go hiking with us? 你想和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎? What/How about going hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足怎么樣? Why don’t you go hiking with us? 你為什么不和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足呢? Why not go hiking with us? 為什么不和我們?yōu)槭裁床缓臀覀円黄鹑ミh(yuǎn)足呢?呢? Let’s go hiking.讓我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足吧!Would you mind going hiking with us? 你介意和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足嗎? Would you please go hiking with us? 和我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎? Shall we go hiking? 我們一起去遠(yuǎn)足好嗎?(shall在疑問句中與I 和we連用,表示提出或征求意見.意思為 “??好嗎?/ 要不要???)(五)請(qǐng)求和回答

Requests

Responses

Could you please do me a favor? Sure.What is it?

Will you join us? I’d be glad to.Would you mind teaching me? Not at all.Let’s go and practice.(六)道歉和回答

Apologies

Responses

I’m sorry I didn’t call you last night.Never mind.I guess you were busy last night.I’m sorry I’m late for class.That’s OK.Please take a seat.I’m sorry I lost your book.It doesn’t matter.That book isn’t important to me.I’m sorry I broke your pen.Don’t worry.I have another pen.

第三篇：八年級(jí)上英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(已整理)

八年級(jí)上英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)滴

1)leave的用法

1.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地”。

例如：When did you leave Shanghai?

你什么時(shí)候離開上海的？ 2.“l(fā)eave for+地點(diǎn)”表示“動(dòng)身去某地，前往某地”。

例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，愛麗斯要去倫敦了。3.“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開某地去某地”。

例：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你為什么要離開上海去北京？

2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should“應(yīng)該”學(xué)會(huì)使用

should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用，常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等，有“竟會(huì)”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？

Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什么來得這么晚？

should有時(shí)表示應(yīng)當(dāng)做或發(fā)生的事，例如：

We should help each other.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相幫助。

我們?cè)谑褂脮r(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.用于表示“應(yīng)該”或“不應(yīng)該”的概念。此時(shí)常指長(zhǎng)輩教導(dǎo)或責(zé)備晚輩。例如：You should be here with clean hands.你應(yīng)該把手洗干凈了再來。

2.用于提出意見勸導(dǎo)別人。例如：

You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.如果你感覺不舒服，你最好去看醫(yī)生。

3.用于表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現(xiàn)的考點(diǎn)之一。例如：

We should arrive by supper time.我們?cè)谕盹埱熬湍艿搅恕?/p>

She should be here any moment.她隨時(shí)都可能來。

3)What...? 與 Which...? 1.what與which 都是疑問代詞，都可以指人或事物，但是what僅用來詢問職業(yè)。如: What is your father? 你父親是干什么的？

該句相當(dāng)于：What does your father do? What is your father's job?

Which 指代的是特定范圍內(nèi)的某一個(gè)人。如：

---Which is Peter? 哪個(gè)是皮特？--The boy behind Mary.瑪麗背后的那個(gè)男孩。

2.What...? 是泛指，所指的事物沒有范圍的限制；而 Which...? 是特指，所指的事物有范圍的限制。如：

What color do you like best?（所有顏色）你最喜愛什么顏色？

Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?（有特定的范圍）

你最喜愛哪一種顏色？

3.what 與 which 后都可以接單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如：

Which pictures are from China?

哪些圖片來自中國(guó)？

4)頻度副詞的位置

1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些：

always（總是，一直）

usually（通常）

often（常常，經(jīng)常）

sometimes（有時(shí)候）

never（從不）

2.頻度副詞的位置：

a.放在連系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。如：

David is often late for school.大衛(wèi)上學(xué)經(jīng)常遲到。

b.放在行為動(dòng)詞前。如： We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經(jīng)常在7：10去上學(xué)。

c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾，用來表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。如：

Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.有時(shí)我步行回家，有時(shí)我騎自行車。

3.never放在句首時(shí)，主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要倒裝。如： Never have I been there.我從未去過那里。

5)every day 與 everyday

1.every day 作狀語(yǔ)，譯為“每一天”。如：

We go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天7：10去上學(xué)。

I decide to read English every day.我決定每天讀英語(yǔ)。

2.everyday 作定語(yǔ)，譯為“日常的，每天的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語(yǔ)。

What's your everyday activity?

你的日?；顒?dòng)是什么？ 6)什么是助動(dòng)詞

1.協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞詞組的詞叫助動(dòng)詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協(xié)助的動(dòng)詞稱作主要?jiǎng)釉~（Main Verb）。

助動(dòng)詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨(dú)使用，例如：

He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語(yǔ)。

（doesn't是助動(dòng)詞，無詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義）

2.助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~完成以下功用，可以用來：

a.表示時(shí)態(tài)，例如： He is singing.他在唱歌。

He has got married.他已結(jié)婚。

b.表示語(yǔ)態(tài)，例如： He was sent to England.他被派往英國(guó)。

c.構(gòu)成疑問句，例如：

Do you like college life? 你喜歡大學(xué)生活嗎？

Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學(xué)過英語(yǔ)嗎？

d.與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句，例如：

I don't like him.我不喜歡他。

e.加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，例如：

Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定來參加晚會(huì)。

He did know that.他的確知道那件事。

3.最常用的助動(dòng)詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7)forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do

1.forget to do sth 忘記要去做某事。(未做)

forget doing sth 忘記做過某事。

(已做)

The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.辦公室的燈還在亮著，它忘記關(guān)了。(沒有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)

He forgot turning the light off.他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。(已做過關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow.別忘了明天來。(to come動(dòng)作未做)

典型例題

----The light in the office is still on.----Oh，I forgot___.A.turning it off

B.turn it off

C.to turn it off

D.having turned it off

2.remember to do 記得去做某事

(未做)

remember doing 記得做過某事

(已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個(gè)人嗎? 8)It's for sb.和 It's of sb.1.for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特點(diǎn)，表示客觀形式的形容詞，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It's very hard for him to study two languages.對(duì)他來說學(xué)兩門外語(yǔ)是很難的。

2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me.你來幫助我，你真是太好了。

3.for 與of 的辨別方法：

用介詞后面的代詞作主語(yǔ)，用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語(yǔ)，造個(gè)句子。如果道理上通順用of，不通則用for。如：

You are nice.(通順，所以應(yīng)用of)。

He is hard.(人是困難的，不通，因此應(yīng)用for。)9)對(duì)兩個(gè)句子的提問

新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)在命題中有將對(duì)句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢(shì)，現(xiàn)在采取的作法是對(duì)一個(gè)句子進(jìn)行自由提問。例如：

句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提問：1.Who has three pens?

2.Which boy has three pens?

3.What does the boy in blue have? 4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?

很顯然，學(xué)生多了更多的回答角度，也體現(xiàn)了考試的靈活性。再如：

句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提問：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?

5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?

6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends? 10)so、such與不定冠詞的使用

1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so+形容詞+a/an+名詞”。如：

He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用，結(jié)構(gòu)為“such+a/an+形容詞+名詞”。如：

It is such a nice day.That was such an interesting story.11)使用-ing分詞的幾種情況

1.在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。如：

He is watching TV in the room.They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.2.在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介詞后面。如：

Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball.5.在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：

enjoy doing sth

finish doing sth

feel like doing sth

stop doing sth

forget doing sth

go on doing sth

remember doing sth

like doing sth

keep sb doing sth

find sb doing sth

see/hear/watch sb doing sth

try doing sth

need doing sth

prefer doing sth

樂于做某事

完成做某事 想要做某事

停止做某事

忘記做過某事

繼續(xù)做某事

記得做過某事

喜歡做某事

使某人一直做某事

發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事 看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事

試圖做某事

需要做某事

寧愿做某事

mind doing sth

介意做某事

practice doing sth

練習(xí)做某事

be busy doing sth

忙于做某事

can't help doing sth

禁不住做某事

miss doing sth

錯(cuò)過做某事

第四篇：八年級(jí)上生物知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)（定稿）

八年級(jí)上冊(cè)生物重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

動(dòng)物按有無脊柱，可分為脊椎動(dòng)物和無脊椎動(dòng)物兩大類。動(dòng)物已知150萬種，其中昆蟲100萬多種，是種類最多的類群。

1、腔腸動(dòng)物主要特征: 身體呈輻射對(duì)稱，體表有刺細(xì)胞，有口無肛門。

捕食器官為刺細(xì)胞，除了捕食，其還有攻擊和防御的功能。消化場(chǎng)所在消化腔。

2、扁形動(dòng)物主要特征：身體呈兩側(cè)對(duì)稱，背腹扁平，有口無肛門。消化場(chǎng)所“腸”。

3、血吸蟲的唯一中間宿主為釘螺。預(yù)防的三個(gè)原則：改水改廁、積極滅螺、遠(yuǎn)離疫水。

4、線形動(dòng)物主要特征：身體細(xì)長(zhǎng)，呈圓柱狀；體表角質(zhì)層，有口有肛門。

角質(zhì)層的意義：線形動(dòng)物主要是寄生生存，需要保護(hù)自己不被免疫系統(tǒng)及消化系統(tǒng)消滅。

5、環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)物特征：身體細(xì)長(zhǎng)，由彼此相似的體節(jié)組成；靠剛毛與疣足輔助運(yùn)動(dòng)。

6、蚯蚓的運(yùn)動(dòng)是肌肉和剛毛的協(xié)同作用。呼吸器官為體壁，必須在體表濕潤(rùn)的情況下才能呼吸?？拷h(huán)帶的是頭。在粗糙的表面運(yùn)動(dòng)速度更快。

7、軟體動(dòng)物主要特征:柔軟的身體表面有外套膜，大多具有貝殼，運(yùn)動(dòng)器官是足。貝殼由外套膜分泌的物質(zhì)形成，這一器官還與珍珠的形成有關(guān)。

8、雙殼類軟體動(dòng)物的生活習(xí)性：用足緩緩運(yùn)動(dòng)；通過入水管和出水管吸水和排出水，過程中攝取水中的食物顆粒并排出未消化的殘?jiān)?。用鰓呼吸。攝食、排除殘?jiān)秃粑峭瑫r(shí)進(jìn)行的。

9、節(jié)肢動(dòng)物的體表有堅(jiān)韌的外骨骼，附肢和身體都分節(jié)。節(jié)肢動(dòng)物的外骨骼的作用是保護(hù)自己和減少體內(nèi)水分蒸發(fā)。

10、昆蟲（以蝗蟲為例）的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)：一對(duì)觸角、三對(duì)足、兩對(duì)翅。

（1）感知與攝食：感知和攝食的部位主要集中在頭部，感受器官有一對(duì)觸角、三只單眼和一對(duì)復(fù)眼。攝食部位是口器。

（2）運(yùn)動(dòng)：運(yùn)動(dòng)中心在胸部，負(fù)責(zé)跳躍的是三對(duì)足，負(fù)責(zé)飛行的是兩對(duì)翅。（3）呼吸：呼吸通道是氣門。呼吸器官為氣管。

（4）昆蟲的生長(zhǎng)和蛻皮行為有關(guān)，昆蟲一生蛻皮次數(shù)是固定的。

11、我國(guó)四大家魚是青魚、草魚、鰱魚、鳙魚。魚的主要特征：生活在水中，體表常有鱗片覆蓋，用鰓呼吸，通過身體和尾部的擺動(dòng)以及鰭的協(xié)調(diào)作用游泳。

12、魚類的鰭有尾鰭、臀鰭、背鰭、腹鰭、胸鰭五類，他們一起負(fù)責(zé)魚類的游動(dòng)時(shí)候的平衡及方向。其中負(fù)責(zé)保持豎直的是背鰭。

13、魚類的運(yùn)動(dòng)方式主要是游泳，動(dòng)力主要由身體和尾部的擺動(dòng)提供。方向和平衡由鰭控制。側(cè)線是魚類感知水的壓力變化的器官。

14、減少魚類在水中運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)的阻力的兩個(gè)措施有體表黏液和身體呈流線型。呼吸時(shí)，水從魚嘴進(jìn)來，在鰓的鰓絲中進(jìn)行處理，然后從鰓蓋后緣出去。

15、青蛙的幼體叫蝌蚪，生活在水中，運(yùn)動(dòng)器官主要是尾，呼吸器官主要是鰓；成體生活在陸地，運(yùn)動(dòng)器官主要是四肢，其中負(fù)責(zé)跳躍的主要是后肢，也可以在水中游泳，呼吸器官是肺，皮膚輔助。青蛙的聽覺感知器官是鼓膜，位于眼后方。

16、爬行動(dòng)物：體表覆蓋有角質(zhì)的鱗片或甲；用肺呼吸；在陸地上產(chǎn)卵，卵表面有卵殼。體表鱗片的兩個(gè)功能：保護(hù)自己及減少體內(nèi)的水分蒸發(fā)。卵殼的作用是：保護(hù)卵，減少卵內(nèi)的水分蒸發(fā)。

17、鳥類的主要特征：體表覆羽；前肢變成翼；有喙無齒；用肺呼吸，有氣囊輔助呼吸。

18、哺乳動(dòng)物的特點(diǎn)：大多體表被毛（除穿山甲等生物外），絕大部分使用胎生（除鴨嘴獸外），哺乳，恒溫。

19、骨胳肌的結(jié)構(gòu)和特性：

結(jié)構(gòu)：肌腱：骨骼肌兩端較細(xì)呈乳白色的部分，一組肌肉總附著在兩塊不同的骨上。

肌腹：中間較粗的部分

特性：肌肉無論受到哪種刺激（包括由神經(jīng)傳來的興奮）都會(huì)發(fā)生收縮，停止刺激，肌肉舒張。

關(guān)節(jié)包括關(guān)節(jié)頭、關(guān)節(jié)窩、關(guān)節(jié)軟骨、關(guān)節(jié)囊和關(guān)節(jié)腔。

使關(guān)節(jié)牢固的結(jié)構(gòu)：關(guān)節(jié)囊，及關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)外的韌帶；

使關(guān)節(jié)靈活的結(jié)構(gòu)：關(guān)節(jié)軟骨（減少摩擦，緩沖震動(dòng)）、關(guān)節(jié)囊分泌的滑液

20、按照行為的獲得方式可分為動(dòng)物的先天性行為和學(xué)習(xí)行為：

（1）先天性行為：是動(dòng)物生來就有的，由動(dòng)物體的遺傳物質(zhì)所決定的行為。如蜜蜂采蜜，失去幼仔的母雞撫育小貓。

（2）學(xué)習(xí)行為：是在遺傳因素的基礎(chǔ)上，通過環(huán)境因素的作用，由生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和學(xué)習(xí)而獲得的行為，稱學(xué)習(xí)行為，如鸚鵡學(xué)舌，小狗算數(shù)，猴做花樣表演。

（3）嘗試與錯(cuò)誤實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果與動(dòng)物的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)發(fā)達(dá)程度有關(guān)。越發(fā)達(dá)的動(dòng)物，嘗試與錯(cuò)誤的次數(shù)越少。

（4）社會(huì)行為的特征：群體中有明確的分工合作，有的還有等級(jí)制度

（5）群體中的信息交流方式有動(dòng)作、聲音、氣味等。蝶蛾類昆蟲可用性外激素通訊。

21、動(dòng)物在自然界中的作用：

（1）維持生態(tài)平衡（2）促進(jìn)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)循環(huán)（3）幫助植物傳粉，傳播種子 生物反應(yīng)器：利用生物做生產(chǎn)車間，生產(chǎn)人類所需的物質(zhì)，具有成本低、效率高、設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單、減少污染等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

仿生：飛機(jī)——鳥的飛翔 薄殼技術(shù)——烏龜?shù)谋臣?雷達(dá)——蝙蝠的回聲定位

熒光燈——螢火蟲的發(fā)光原理 宇航服——長(zhǎng)頸鹿的脖子

22、細(xì)菌的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)和生殖方式

培養(yǎng)步驟：制作培養(yǎng)基、高溫消毒、接種、培養(yǎng)。

生活條件：水分、適宜的溫度、有機(jī)物、一定的生存空間，有的還有特殊條件。細(xì)菌的發(fā)現(xiàn)者：列文·虎克。微生物學(xué)之父：巴斯德。分類學(xué)之父：林奈。

細(xì)菌的形態(tài)：球狀、桿狀、螺旋狀

細(xì)菌的結(jié)構(gòu)：細(xì)胞壁、細(xì)胞膜、細(xì)胞質(zhì)、DNA，有的有鞭毛和莢膜。沒有成形細(xì)胞核（擬核，原核生物）、葉綠體

生殖方式為分裂生殖。

芽孢是休眠體，不是生殖細(xì)胞，對(duì)不良環(huán)境有較強(qiáng)的抵抗力，落在適當(dāng)環(huán)境中又能萌發(fā)成細(xì)菌。

23、霉菌和蘑菇的營(yíng)養(yǎng)方式：細(xì)胞內(nèi)沒有葉綠體，利用現(xiàn)成有機(jī)物，從腐殖質(zhì)中獲得生命活動(dòng)所需要的物質(zhì)和能量。

24、細(xì)菌和真菌的區(qū)別：細(xì)菌體內(nèi)沒有成形細(xì)胞核 真菌：細(xì)胞內(nèi)有真正的細(xì)胞核，孢子生殖。

25、細(xì)菌和真菌在物質(zhì)循環(huán)中的作用

① 作為分解者參與物質(zhì)循環(huán)：細(xì)菌和真菌把動(dòng)植物遺體分解成CO2，水，無機(jī)鹽

② 引起動(dòng)植物和人患病

③ 與動(dòng)植物共生：地衣（真菌和藻類共生）

根瘤（根瘤菌與植物共生，根瘤菌能固氮）

26、微生物與人類生活：

①食品制作：

酵母菌（真菌）無氧呼吸，分解食物中糖類，產(chǎn)生酒精、二氧化碳；有氧時(shí)，分解食物中的糖類，產(chǎn)生二氧化碳和水。

乳酸菌（細(xì)菌）無氧條件下，將葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)化成乳酸。制酸奶、泡菜等。

②食品的腐敗原因：由于細(xì)菌和真菌在食品中生長(zhǎng)、繁殖活動(dòng)引起的。

防腐：脫水法、腌制法、煙熏法、真空包裝、冷凍法、罐藏法、巴斯德消毒法等。

③制藥：抗生素（治療細(xì)菌或真菌感染）和利用轉(zhuǎn)基因生物生產(chǎn)藥物

27、植物分類比較形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，被子植物中，花、果實(shí)、種子是重要依據(jù)。

動(dòng)物分類比較形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、生理功能。

28、分類單位：界、門、綱、目、科、屬、種?；締挝唬悍N。

分類單位越大，包含生物類別越多，生物間的相似程度越低、親緣關(guān)系越遠(yuǎn)；分類單位越小，則相反。

29、生物的多樣性包括生物種類的多樣性、基因的多樣性（一個(gè)物種是一個(gè)基因庫(kù)）和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的多樣性。種類多樣性的實(shí)質(zhì)是基因的多樣性。我國(guó)是裸子植物的故鄉(xiāng)。苔蘚、蕨類、種子植物居世界第三位。

30、最有效的保護(hù)生物多樣性的措施是建立自然保護(hù)區(qū)。

31、保護(hù)生物的棲息環(huán)境，保護(hù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的多樣性，是保護(hù)生物多樣性的根本措施，建立自然保護(hù)區(qū)是保護(hù)生物多樣性最為有效的措施。

第五篇：2013八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上知識(shí)點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納總結(jié)Unit6__I’m_going_to_study_computer_science

Unit6I’m going to study computer science.一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換

1.violin（表人）2.piano（表人）3.science（表人）4.drive（表人）5.education形容詞6.send過去式 7.foreign名詞（表人）8.mean名詞9.discuss名詞 10.begin名詞11.hobby復(fù)數(shù)12.week形容詞13.person形容詞14.own名詞

二、短語(yǔ)歸納

1.成長(zhǎng)2.計(jì)算機(jī)程序設(shè)計(jì)員3.籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員 4.學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)5.成為一位作家

6.確信；對(duì)……有把握7.確保；查明 8.上表演課9.上音樂課

10.去烹飪學(xué)校11.搬家到上海

12.把它們寄給雜志社和報(bào)社13.學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴 14.組建足球隊(duì)15.多鍛煉

16.上吉他課17.再學(xué)一門外語(yǔ)18.上鋼琴課19.下決心；制定計(jì)劃 20..……的意思21.一種承諾

22.在新年剛開始的時(shí)候23.寫下；記下

24.不同種類的決心25.關(guān)于；與……有關(guān)系 26.學(xué)習(xí)做；開始做27.制訂每周的計(jì)劃 28.向某人保證/承諾29.同意某人的話

30.取得好成績(jī)31.一部很有教育的電影32.使你的生活更容易33.使我的家人高興 34.討論不同類型的決心。35.質(zhì)疑做決定的觀點(diǎn)

三、重點(diǎn)句子

1.當(dāng)他長(zhǎng)大時(shí)，他打算作什么？他打算當(dāng)一名工程師。

2.—那你打算怎么做呢？我打算每天練習(xí)籃球。

3.—Wow，now I know why you’re so _____________________—哇，現(xiàn)在我知道你為什么如此擅長(zhǎng)寫故事了。4.—Most of the time，we_____________other people。However，promises

you _______________are resolutions。

大多數(shù)時(shí)間，我們向其他人保證。然而，你向自己做的保證是決心。

5.Some people _____________________________________________一些

人寫下他們來年決心和計(jì)劃.6.This helps them _____________________________這幫助他們記住自己的決心.7.Many resolutions ____________________________________.許多決心和自我提高有關(guān)系.8.For this reason，some people say _______________________因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因，一些人說最好的決心就是不下決心.9.The third resolution is about _______________________________ my

family and friends.第三個(gè)決心是關(guān)于改善我和我家人、朋友關(guān)系的.10.The last resolution is about _________________________ school.最后一個(gè)決心是關(guān)于怎樣在學(xué)校里做的更好的.11.我打算完成高中和大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè)后開始。12.她打算學(xué)習(xí)教育學(xué)。13.我打算在大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)。14.我打算學(xué)習(xí)另一門外語(yǔ)

15.一些人可能會(huì)說他們打算開始一項(xiàng)愛好，比如畫畫、拍照或者學(xué)彈吉他。6.李偉昨天制定了他的新年計(jì)劃。Li Wei his New Year’syesterday.17.他打算怎樣成為一名籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員？___ is he going to a basketball player?

18.我打算努力學(xué)習(xí)并取得好成績(jī)。I am going to______________________________ 19.下一年你打算做什么？_____________are you____________ to do next year?

20.What’s the ____________(關(guān)系)between the man and the woman?21.What we are talking is about______________(自身提高)

22.The boy is not happy because of the much __________(學(xué)校作業(yè))23.Don’t open that box.It’s my_______________(個(gè)人的)thing.24..He joined the English club to______________ 提高))his English.25.Li Lei likes delicious food and he wants to be a c __________ 26.Mary is writing an a____________ for a magazine.27.I’m going to a c ____________ after I leave the high school.28.He cares more about his p __________health.He exercises every morning.29.There are some f_________ friends visiting our school.