第一篇：研究生考試英語作文王江濤大全

2011考研英語

（一）寫作真題詳解及參考范文

2011年考研英語已經(jīng)塵埃落定，寫作部分比起2010年超綱的“告示”和“變態(tài)”的火鍋，難度大為降低，現(xiàn)解析如下。

Part A: 小作文

Directions:

Write a letter to a friend of yours to

1)recommend one of your favorite movies and

2)give reasons for your recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use”Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)題目譯文

給你的一位朋友寫一封信

1）推薦你最喜歡的一部電影并 2）給出推薦的原因。

真題詳解

令廣大考生欣慰的是，2011年小作文并未考察大綱中已提到六年但并未考察過的摘要題型，也未考察2010年剛剛考察過的告示題型，而是考察了廣大考生最為熟悉、從2005到2009已經(jīng)連續(xù)五年考察的書信。

回顧剛剛過去的2010年，中國內(nèi)地電影票房成功突破100億元，成為旭日初升的朝陽產(chǎn)業(yè)。從年中的《唐山大地震》、《盜夢(mèng)空間》、《山楂樹之戀》到年底的三大賀歲片《趙氏孤兒》、《讓子彈飛》、《非誠勿擾2》，電影已經(jīng)重新成為全民關(guān)注的話題。今年的考研小作文即考察了“電影”這一熱點(diǎn)話題。

本題屬于推薦信，在拙著《2011考研英語高分寫作》第64-65頁詳細(xì)講解了推薦信的注意事項(xiàng)、寫作方法，提供了經(jīng)典范文及十大萬能句型。同時(shí)，該書76頁提供的關(guān)于《八十天環(huán)游地球》的讀書報(bào)告范文完全可以用于本文寫作，下面的參考范文即由該文改寫而成。

需要注意的是，寫給朋友的稱呼應(yīng)該直呼其名，不應(yīng)寫某某先生或女士。本題屬于半正式文體中的私人書信，文中最好使用3-5次縮寫、省略句或口語表達(dá)。兩點(diǎn)提綱可以各寫一段，第三段進(jìn)行結(jié)尾。首段無需進(jìn)行自我介紹，開門見山表明寫作目的即可；第二段應(yīng)該分析兩到三點(diǎn)原因。

參考范文 Dear Bob, As one of your closest friend, I'm writing the letter in purpose of recommending one of my favorite movies to you, Around the World in Eighty Days.The primary factors for my recommendation as as follows.For one thing, this is a movie of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman,Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and managers to travel around the world in eighty days.For another, it gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.Wish you enjoy the movie.Looking forward to your reply.(104 words)Yours sincerely, Li Ming 參考譯文

鮑勃：

作為你最好的一位朋友，我寫這封信是為了向你推薦我最喜歡的電影之一：《八十天環(huán)游地球》。

我推薦的主要原因如下。首先，這是一部科幻電影，講述了一位英國紳士的一個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的故事。菲力·弗格先生跟他的俱樂部伙伴打了個(gè)賭，并設(shè)法在八十天之內(nèi)環(huán)游了地球。其次，電影生動(dòng)描述了他在旅途中遇到的困難和發(fā)生的故事。

希望你喜歡這部電影。期待著你的回信。

你真誠的，李明

Part B: 大作文

Direction:

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay ,you should 1)describe the drawing briefly, 2)explain its intended measing, and 3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)（圖略）

文字說明：旅程之“余”

真題詳解

不出意外，2011年大作文自2000年以來連續(xù)第十二年考察了圖畫作文題型，三點(diǎn)提綱也與2008年以來的提綱完全一致，考察了考研寫作六大話題之一：“環(huán)境保護(hù)”。

“環(huán)境保護(hù)”這一話題考研寫作已是第五次考察：第一次是1991年考察了提綱作文“城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境差別”，第二次是1999年考察了圖表作文“保護(hù)野生物種”，第三次是2000年考察了圖畫作文“保護(hù)海洋資源”，第四次是2009年考察了書信“限制使用塑料袋”，今年是第五次考察了圖畫作文“旅游與環(huán)境”。今年的考試再次提醒廣大考生：考研寫作歷年真題是考研寫作復(fù)習(xí)的重中之重！

參加過新東方培訓(xùn)的考生應(yīng)該覺得今年的考題易如反掌。我們的內(nèi)部教材《考研英語寫作分冊(cè)》第29-32頁提供了1999和2000年考生的三篇高分作文，很多表達(dá)均可使用。幾乎我所有的班上均詳細(xì)講解了2000年高分作文那篇萬能框架，并仿寫過三道最新真題，大家應(yīng)該印象深刻。同時(shí)，我提供的二十必背范文中有三篇關(guān)于環(huán)境問題的范文，均可參考借鑒。我們還詳細(xì)總結(jié)了考研寫作六大必考話題，尤其關(guān)于環(huán)境的表達(dá)要求掌握。

拙著《我的滿分考研寫作書》（湖南文藝出版社，2010年11月）150-153頁詳細(xì)講解了1999-2000年真題，在考研大作文十大必背范文中，有三篇關(guān)于環(huán)境的范文：分別是211頁2000年真題范文以及228-232頁關(guān)于“全球變暖”和“低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)”的兩篇模擬題范文，諸多表達(dá)均可使用。另一本拙著《2011考研英語高分寫作》（2010年3月）第154-159頁詳細(xì)講解了1999-2000年關(guān)于環(huán)境問題的真題，并提供了四篇經(jīng)典范文；198-199也也提供了關(guān)于“環(huán)境保護(hù)”和“環(huán)境污染”兩篇必背范文；232-233頁還總結(jié)了關(guān)于環(huán)保的很多補(bǔ)充詞匯。廣大學(xué)子如果認(rèn)真研讀過上述兩本寫作書籍，今年應(yīng)有喜出望外之感。

值得注意的是，近三年的考研寫作真題與專業(yè)四級(jí)寫作真題存在某種微妙的聯(lián)系。2007年專四寫作考察了“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”這一話題，兩年之后2009年考研大作文考察“網(wǎng)絡(luò)”；2008年專四寫作考察了“志愿者活動(dòng)”這一話題，兩年之后2010年考研小作文考察了“志愿者活動(dòng)”；2009年專四寫作考察了“旅游與環(huán)境”這一話題，兩年之后考研大作文再次如約考察“旅游與環(huán)境”。2010年我在班上曾經(jīng)專門分析過這道題目，沒想到一語成讖。

之所以出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象其實(shí)可以理解?？佳袑懽髅}組成員多為全國各重點(diǎn)大學(xué)英語系教授級(jí)人物，對(duì)于英語專業(yè)學(xué)生必考的專四考試當(dāng)然了如指掌。

本題文字說明是：旅程之“余”?！坝唷弊值碾p引號(hào)一語雙關(guān)，一方面指旅游之后，垃圾遍地，環(huán)境遭到嚴(yán)重污染和破壞；一方面指作為個(gè)體的”我“在旅游之中應(yīng)該提高意識(shí)，潔身自好，注意愛護(hù)環(huán)境。

根據(jù)三點(diǎn)提綱，最好寫成三段。首段圖畫描述，越充分越好，切忌使用太多模板或萬能句型，引起閱卷教師反感。首段是最重要的段落，也是判卷教師最重視的段落，亦是考研大作文難點(diǎn)所在。每點(diǎn)提綱各占三分之一分?jǐn)?shù)，即七分。首段不描述圖畫直接扣七分，歸入低分檔，切忌發(fā)表太多空洞的議論。描述越多越好，議論越少越好。首句可進(jìn)行總體描述：人物+動(dòng)作+環(huán)境；次句可進(jìn)行細(xì)節(jié)描述，力求詳細(xì)；尾句可翻譯文字說明或點(diǎn)出象征寓意。

次段意義闡釋，五句左右即可。一般首句是主題句，點(diǎn)出象征寓意；中間進(jìn)行具體論證，可從因果、舉例、正反等多方面進(jìn)行論證；尾句進(jìn)行小結(jié)。末段可寫成歸納結(jié)論或建議措施，呼吁人們提高公德意識(shí)，在大力發(fā)展旅游的同時(shí)，加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)。

本文只要寫成與環(huán)境或環(huán)保相關(guān)即可，即使沒有提到旅游或者公德意識(shí)，也不用過多擔(dān)心。只要語言基本正確、結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰、內(nèi)容沒有跑題，即可取得及格分（12分左右）；如果語言精彩、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、論證充分，即可高分在握（16分或以上）。祝大家夢(mèng)想成真！

參考范文

As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, two toursits are taking sightseeing on a small boat while discarding their picnicing leftovers casually into a lake.Unfortuantely, the lake is already littered and teamed with flowing rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, banana skin, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, food wrappings, and so on.And below the drawing, there is a topic which says: “after” the travel or “me” in the travel.From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message: a good many popular places are flooded with visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.On the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming everywhere.Some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment.Nevertheless, it is my view that these are not concerns that we can shrug off lightly.On the other hand, tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which offer few sources of income.The significant point is that the unchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economy unsustainable.It is high time that we enhanced people's awareness to rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration.(255 words)

參考譯文

如圖所示，兩名游客正在一艘小船上觀光，同時(shí)把野餐的剩余垃圾隨意丟入湖中。不幸的是，湖中已經(jīng)堆滿了漂浮的塑料盒、魚骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐頭、食品包裝等各色垃圾。在圖畫下方，有個(gè)小標(biāo)題寫明：“旅程之‘余’”。

從漫畫中，我們可以得出結(jié)論：畫家想要表達(dá)下述信息：成群的游客涌入很多景點(diǎn)，通過生產(chǎn)并丟棄大量的垃圾從而破壞了大自然的美觀。一方面，旅游業(yè)作為一項(xiàng)數(shù)十億美元的產(chǎn)業(yè)，正在世界各地迅猛發(fā)展。有些人認(rèn)為旅游業(yè)是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的引擎，似乎忽視了其對(duì)環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響。然而，我認(rèn)為我們必須充分關(guān)注這一問題。另一方面，旅游業(yè)已經(jīng)對(duì)我們生存的環(huán)境造成了巨大的壓力。水受到污染，生態(tài)平衡遭到破壞，自然資源被過度開發(fā)。

毫無疑問，由于在其他收入很少的地區(qū)，旅游業(yè)確實(shí)有助于發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，因此任何國家都無法禁止旅游業(yè)。重要的是旅游業(yè)毫無節(jié)制的發(fā)展可能使得經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不可持續(xù)。通過考慮環(huán)境保護(hù)因素，我們?cè)缇驮撎岣呷藗兊囊庾R(shí)來扭轉(zhuǎn)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象了。

第二篇：研究生考試英語作文

1：投訴信

Dear_______,I am.(自我介紹)I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______________(總體介紹).In the first place,_________________________(抱怨的第一個(gè)方面).In addition, ____________________________(抱怨的第二個(gè)方面).Under these circumstances, I find it ___(感覺)to ____________________________(抱怨的方面給你帶來的后果).I appreciate it very much if you could_______________________(提出建議和請(qǐng)求), preferably __________(進(jìn)一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(設(shè)定解決事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely

Li Ming

2：詢問信

Dear ______,I am _________________________(自我介紹).I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding_______.(要詢問的內(nèi)容)

First of all, what are _________________________________?(第一個(gè)問題)Secondly, when will________________________________?(第二個(gè)問題)Thirdly, is _________________?(第三個(gè)問題)

I would also like to inquire _________________________________(將最重要的問題單獨(dú)成段).Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?

Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely

Li Min

模板一：圖畫作文

This illustration depicts_________(圖畫中的人物)Ving, with______________(補(bǔ)充說明).Recently it has become common for people in many walks of life to_____________(進(jìn)一步闡釋)

It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(圖畫主題), which is ______________(進(jìn)一步的說明).He seems to be saying that_______________(給出細(xì)節(jié)).In my opinion, ___________(個(gè)人闡述).This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群體，如the whole of the human race).Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(問題所在).One the one hand, we must _________________(建議一).It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(進(jìn)一步說明).On the other hand, ________________(建議二)Only in this way can we___________(展望前景).模板二：圖表作文

The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(圖表主題).The first thing we notice is that_______________(圖表最大特點(diǎn)).This means that as __________, _________________(進(jìn)一步說明).We can see from the statistics given that _______________(圖表細(xì)節(jié)一).After ving_________(細(xì)節(jié)一中的第一個(gè)變化), the _____Ved+幅度+時(shí)間(緊跟著的變化).The figures also tells us that_________________________(圖表細(xì)節(jié)二).(數(shù)據(jù)位置，如In the second column), we can see that ____________accounts for _______(進(jìn)一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that___________(結(jié)論).The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_____________(給出原因)./ It is high time that we Ved(發(fā)出倡議)

模板三：利弊型作文

Recently the issue of whether or not______(討論話題)has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.There are two major arguments that can be made for_________.For one thing, __________can bring

____ to_____________(優(yōu)點(diǎn)一).For another, it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(優(yōu)點(diǎn)二).But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________, among which are ____________(列舉缺點(diǎn)).For instance, it can be __________to _____________(舉例說明).In addition, many people find it ________(形容詞)to _______________(第二個(gè)缺點(diǎn))

When asked to __________, I tend to ____________.This is because I _______________(原因一).Furthermore, _______________________(原因二).Finally, ______________(原因三).模板四：展望未來型

With the rapid advances of _____________ in recent years, ___has____________(引出現(xiàn)象).However, _______ has________________, as____________(提出問題).As a result, _____has ____________________(指出影響).The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.First , __________________(影響一).More importantly, ________________(影響二).Hence, I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Nevertheless, I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)

There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more(比較級(jí))_____, the more(比較級(jí)).In addition, we all agree that________________________(第二個(gè)原因)

3：請(qǐng)求信

Dear___________,I am writing to formally request to___________(請(qǐng)求的內(nèi)容)

The reason for ______________is that______________________________（給出原因）.I________, so I ___________________________________(給出細(xì)節(jié))

I would also like to request ________________________(提出進(jìn)一步的要求).I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at____________(電話號(hào)碼).I look forward to a favorable reply.Yours sincerely

Li Ming

4：道歉信

Dear ___________,I am truly sorry that_________________________(道歉的原因).The reason is that ______________________________________(介紹原因)Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.Yours sincerely

Li Ming

6：建議信

Dear ___________,You have asked me for my advice with regard to _______, and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions:_________________(建議的內(nèi)容)

I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Good Luck with your_______(祝愿)

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

7.求職信

Dear Sir or Madam,I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in____________(報(bào)紙名稱)of________(廣告發(fā)布時(shí)間).Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a __________(工作名稱).In the one hand,_______________________________(第一個(gè)原因).On the other hand, __________________________________(另一個(gè)原因).Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at _______________(電話號(hào)碼)

Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely

Li Ming

8：邀請(qǐng)信

Dear________,There will a ________________(內(nèi)容)at/in________________(地點(diǎn))on___________(時(shí)間).We would be honored to have you there with us.The occasion will start at ___________(具體時(shí)間).This will be followed by a _______(進(jìn)一步的安排).At around______(時(shí)間)，____________________________(另一個(gè)安排)

I really hope you can make it.RSVP before ____________(通知你的最后期限)

Yours sincerely

Li Ming

詞匯類

一、近義詞匯：

1.完全：absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire

2.好：extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable

3.?。簊mall, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny

4.多：big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of

5.高興，快樂：delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful

6.真的：True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant。

7.全，都：all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross

二、常見的連接詞

連接詞根據(jù)其本身的意思和文章連接所需要的邏輯意義可分為幾類：

a。表示開場(chǎng)to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking

b。表示總結(jié)to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally

c。表示舉例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …,d。表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that

e。表示結(jié)果as a result , as a consequence , consequently

f。表示比較both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way

g。表示對(duì)照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however

h。表示列舉first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with

i。表示強(qiáng)調(diào)especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually

j。表示讓步even though , although , in spite of , however , but , yet

1.經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展the rapid development of economy

2.人民生活水平的顯著提高/穩(wěn)步增長the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people‘s living standard

3.先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)advanced science and technology

4.面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5.人們普遍認(rèn)為It is commonly believed/ recognized that…

6.社會(huì)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果the inevitable result of social development

7.引起了廣泛的公眾關(guān)注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8.不可否認(rèn)It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…

9.熱烈的討論/爭論a heated discussion/ debate

10.有爭議性的問題a controversial issue

11.完全不同的觀點(diǎn)a totally different argument

12.一些人?而另外一些人?Some people…while others…

13.就我而言/就個(gè)人而言As far as I am concerned，/ Personally，14.就?達(dá)到絕對(duì)的一致reach an absolute consensus on…

15.有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons

16.雙方的論點(diǎn)arguments on both sides

17.發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…

18.對(duì)?必不可少be indispensable to…

19.正如諺語所說As the proverb goes：

20.?也不例外?be no exception

21.對(duì)?產(chǎn)生有利/不利的影響exert positive/ negative effects on…

22.利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23.導(dǎo)致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

24.復(fù)雜的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象a complicated social phenomenon

25.責(zé)任感/成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

26.競(jìng)爭與合作精神sense of competition and cooperation

27.開闊眼界widen one‘s horizon/ broaden one‘s vision

28.學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)和技能acquire knowledge and skills

29.經(jīng)濟(jì)/心理負(fù)擔(dān)financial burden / psychological burden

30.考慮到諸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration

31.從另一個(gè)角度from another perspective

32.做出共同努力make joint efforts

33.對(duì)?有益be beneficial / conducive to…

34.為社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)make contributions to the society

35.打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)lay a solid foundation for…

36.綜合素質(zhì)comprehensive quality

37.無可非議blameless / beyond reproach

39.致力于/投身于be committed / devoted to…

40.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)Admittedly，41.不可推卸的義務(wù)unshakable duty

42.滿足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…

43.可靠的信息源a reliable source of information

44.寶貴的自然資源valuable natural resources

45.因特網(wǎng)the Internet（一定要由冠詞，字母I大寫）

46.方便快捷convenient and efficient

47.在人類生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life

48.環(huán)保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly

49.社會(huì)進(jìn)步的體現(xiàn)a symbol of society progress

50.科技的飛速更新the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

51.對(duì)這一問題持有不同態(tài)度hold different attitudes towards this issue

52.支持前/后種觀點(diǎn)的人people / those in fovor of the former/ latter opinion

53.有/提供如下理由/證據(jù)have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence

54.在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way

55.理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合integrate theory with practice

56.?必然趨勢(shì)an irresistible trend of…

57.日益激烈的社會(huì)競(jìng)爭the increasingly fierce social competition

58.眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest

59.長遠(yuǎn)利益interest in the long run

60.?有其自身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages

61.揚(yáng)長避短Exploit to the full one‘s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones

62.取其精髓，去其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.63.對(duì)?有害do harm to / be harmful to

64.交流思想/情感/信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information

65.跟上?的最新發(fā)展keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of…

66.采取有效措施來?take effective measures to do sth.67.?的健康發(fā)展the healthy development of…

68.有利有弊Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.69.對(duì)?觀點(diǎn)因人而異Views on…vary from person to person.70.重視attach great importance to…

71.社會(huì)地位social status

72.把時(shí)間和精力放在?上focus time and energy on…

73.擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面expand one‘s scope of knowledge

74.身心兩方面both physically and mentally

75.和?直接/間接相關(guān)be directly / indirectly related to…

76.提出折中提議set forth a compromise proposal

77.可以取代“think”的詞believe，claim，maintain，argue，insist，hold the opinion/ belief that

78.緩解壓力/減輕負(fù)擔(dān)relieve stress/ burden

79.優(yōu)先考慮?give（top）priority to sth.80.與?相比compared with…/ in comparison with

81.相反on the contrary.82.代替replace/ substitute / take the place of

83.經(jīng)不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water

84.提供就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)offer job opportunities

85.社會(huì)進(jìn)步的反映mirror of social progress

86.毫無疑問Undoubtedly，/ There is no doubt that?

87.增進(jìn)相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding

88.充分利用make full use of / take advantage of

89.承受更大的工作壓力suffer from heavier work pressure

90.保障社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定和繁榮guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society

91.更多地強(qiáng)調(diào)put more emphasis on…

92.適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展adapt oneself to the development of society

93.實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想realize one‘s dream/ make one‘s dream come true

94.主要理由列舉如下The main reasons are listed as follows：

95.首先First，F(xiàn)irstly，In the first place，To begin with

96.其次Second，Secondly，In the second place，besides，in addition，additionally，moreover，furthermore

97.最后Finally，Last but not the least，Lastly，98.總而言之All in all，To sum up，In summary，In a word，99.我們還有很長的路要走We still have a long way to go.100.加大了?的可能性increase the chances of

第三篇：三步六法成就作文王

三步六法成就作文王

744411甘肅省平?jīng)鍪徐`臺(tái)縣星火鄉(xiāng)老戶小學(xué) 楊德福

提起作文，說他容易的人不多。對(duì)于小學(xué)生來說，就更是難上加難，平時(shí)寫起作文來就像母雞生蛋一樣，怎么也生不下來。但作文非寫不可，它占語文考試成績半壁江山。我經(jīng)過三十幾年的作文教學(xué)實(shí)踐和研究，采用三步六法作文教學(xué)法，收到了較好的效果。

一、“三步”使學(xué)生作文上路

第一步、硬著頭皮寫下去。初學(xué)寫作，是件頭疼的事，寫作文只能硬著頭皮寫下去。其實(shí)，小學(xué)生作文只是簡單的寫作，不是作家的創(chuàng)作，它姓“小”，在新課標(biāo)中定位為習(xí)作。這種習(xí)作，只是讓學(xué)生把自己在生活中看到的、想到的、做過的事兒記下來。對(duì)于小學(xué)生的習(xí)作，要求不要過高，不要用作家的眼光去要求，應(yīng)低下頭，俯下身子去看待。小學(xué)生作文簡單地說，就是把話寫通順，把事說明白就是一篇好文章，也就是用五官寫作文。

1．用眼睛寫作文。眼睛是心靈的窗口，每天只要你睜大好的眼睛，就會(huì)看到許多新鮮的事物，筆下就有寫不完的事兒。如早晨上學(xué)路上，看到日出，看到天空飛過的小鳥，看到大自然的花開花落，看到田野里忙碌的人群;在學(xué)校里,你目睹校園隆重的升旗儀式，在課堂上聆聽老師娓娓動(dòng)聽的講課情景；在校園你參加豐富多彩的課外活動(dòng)；在家里，你整理房間，拖地掃地，刷鍋洗碗，看電視，讀書，上網(wǎng)；在街上，你坐公交車為老人主動(dòng)讓座，看到人們搶救暈倒的病人，行人為殘疾人募捐的情景，這些事兒用手中的筆記錄下來，就是好作文。2．用耳朵寫作文。在日常生活中，我們會(huì)聽到許多新鮮的事兒，只要我們用耳朵細(xì)心去傾聽，就不愁作文沒話可寫。如上課聽老師精彩的演講，課外聽同學(xué)們講故事，回家聽姥姥講童話神話故事，街上聽到好人好事都可以寫下來。同時(shí)，我們每天上學(xué)會(huì)聽到各種各樣的聲音；如汽車?yán)鹊牡蔚温暎稚蠁枥锿劾驳慕匈u聲，大自然中甲蟲的嗡嗡聲，家里養(yǎng)的小狗的汪汪叫聲，槽頭邊小牛的咩咩聲，湖邊潺潺的流水聲，下雨天噼里啪啦的雨點(diǎn)聲，教室里朗朗的讀書聲，操場(chǎng)里飛揚(yáng)的叫喊聲。寫作文時(shí)，能形象的寫出聽到的聲音，就會(huì)使你的作文增色不少。

3、用鼻子寫作文。每天我們的鼻子會(huì)聞到各種各樣的味道。早晨起來，晴天會(huì)聞到清新甜潤的空氣，霧霾天氣，會(huì)聞到沙粒的苦澀味。走進(jìn)花園，沁人心脾的花香會(huì)迎鼻撲來。走進(jìn)果園，清香甜美的水果讓你吃個(gè)夠。在家里，廚房里不時(shí)飄出的香噴噴的飯菜，在街上吃火鍋時(shí)，麻辣味會(huì)迎鼻撲來。生病時(shí)，你必須服下難以下咽的苦味藥片。寫作文時(shí)，把自己用鼻子聞到的各種各樣的氣味寫下來，作文就會(huì)有聲有色。

4、用嘴巴寫作文。語言是心靈的窗口，寫作文時(shí)，恰當(dāng)?shù)孛鑼懭宋锏恼Z言，能反映人物的精神世界，表現(xiàn)人物的精神品質(zhì)。如在課堂上，回答老師提出的問題，在課后和同學(xué)交流學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在班會(huì)上和同學(xué)們發(fā)言討論的情景；在家里，父母安排我們干家務(wù)活，噓寒問暖的情景；在街上，和同學(xué)熟人打招呼的對(duì)話，在商場(chǎng)買東西時(shí)，和售貨員討價(jià)還價(jià)的對(duì)話；還有我們的嘴巴嘗到的酸甜苦辣，都可以寫上作文。

5、用手腳寫作文。寫作文時(shí)，把自己做過的親身經(jīng)歷的事寫下來，使人感到有身臨其境的感受，倍感親切。如早晨我們?cè)谏蠈W(xué)路上看日出，聽小鳥唱歌，攙扶小朋友過馬路；到校后，參加升旗儀式，聽老師講課，回答老師提出的問題，參加主題隊(duì)會(huì)，在校園做游戲，開展讀書讀報(bào)活動(dòng)。在家里，看電視，玩電腦，干家務(wù)，和父母聚餐，照顧生病的爺爺奶奶，帶小弟弟玩耍。在田間，幫父母放羊，幫父母收割麥子，看管蘋果園。還有跟父母到公園去玩，看到機(jī)靈活潑的猴子，兇猛可怕的老虎，這些都是寫作的上好材料。

第二步、順著小路走下去。

學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)用多種感官寫作文，雖然懂得作文的門路，但寫起作文來還是一頭霧水。教師不能只出題目要求就完事，這樣學(xué)生只能望“題”興嘆，所以教師要幫學(xué)生走出作文的困境，為學(xué)生指明作文的路線圖，1、擬好題。題目是文章的眼睛，好的題目能調(diào)動(dòng)起學(xué)生的寫作興趣。在作文課上，教師為學(xué)生命題時(shí)，力求新穎一點(diǎn)，如“鄰居胖大嬸”、“媽媽是個(gè)好媳婦”、“我家鬧西游”、“家庭大戰(zhàn)”、“我們班的五大王子”等等，這些題目就比較新穎，可以吊起學(xué)生的胃口，引起小學(xué)生的極大興趣?？荚囎魑模瑸榱吮苊鈱W(xué)生背作文、抄作文的現(xiàn)象，內(nèi)容常常是話題作文、材料作文，所以更應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的命題能力。

2、選好材。材料是文章的血肉，一篇好作文由一個(gè)個(gè)小小的材料拼湊而成，選擇典型材料能突出文章的中心，引起讀者閱讀的興趣，同讀者產(chǎn)生共鳴。如果選材平淡乏味，別人讀了如同嚼蠟，誰還愿意去讀。所以，教師在平時(shí)的作文教學(xué)中，教給學(xué)生選材的方法，使學(xué)生選材時(shí)努力做到“人有我無，人有我精”。選材時(shí)，第一選材不能選，第二選材不能選，因?yàn)閯e人都在寫，你肯定沒有別人寫的好。第三選材可以寫，因?yàn)閷懙娜松?，可以以新取勝。如“我的傻外公”這篇習(xí)作選材內(nèi)容是這樣的：外公平時(shí)很吝嗇，每次上街，給我連1元錢的小吃也不買，可汶川地震后，他卻把自己辛苦攢下的200元捐給了災(zāi)區(qū)，你說外公傻不傻？

3、構(gòu)思好。有了材料，還要進(jìn)行構(gòu)思，如怎樣開頭，怎樣結(jié)尾，怎樣分段。運(yùn)用什么寫作方法等。構(gòu)思通常采用橫向構(gòu)思法、縱向構(gòu)思法、發(fā)散構(gòu)思法。俗話說“人貴在直，文貴在曲”，事敘寫人的文章中應(yīng)多編故事，且故事情節(jié)應(yīng)該一波三折，跌宕起伏，這樣才能吸引讀者。關(guān)于波折就有一個(gè)故事：古時(shí)候，一個(gè)秀才為母親祝壽，家里來了許多客人，按照當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)俗，坐首席的要先作一首詩，所有秀才都啞口無言，這時(shí)一位農(nóng)民打扮的人竟坐在首席，別人想把他轟下來，這時(shí)這位老農(nóng)即興吟了一首詩“這個(gè)婆娘不是人，好似仙女下凡塵。兒孫個(gè)個(gè)都是賊，偷來蟠桃慶壽辰?！逼渌硕寂氖址Q快。這個(gè)故事說明作文時(shí)，要寫曲折一些，方能打動(dòng)讀者的心靈。

4、分好段。段是文章的骨架，初寫作文的小學(xué)生，教師要引導(dǎo)他們，可寫三段，而且這三段應(yīng)該開頭像鳳頭，中間像豬肚，結(jié)尾像豹尾。五六年級(jí)學(xué)生可以寫八段十段。文章段落的安排可以按事情的發(fā)展順序安排，按時(shí)間順序安排，按總分總的順序安排，按事情的性質(zhì)安排，按人物的出沒安排。這樣寫的文章就層次清楚，涇渭分明。寫好中心。中心是文章的靈魂，一篇文章應(yīng)該有一個(gè)中心，向讀者介紹說明什么，歌頌贊揚(yáng)什么，批評(píng)什么，指責(zé)什么，都要觀點(diǎn)鮮明，不能有一點(diǎn)含糊。一般是開頭點(diǎn)明中心或在結(jié)尾點(diǎn)明中心，有能力的同學(xué)，在文章的結(jié)尾，可以進(jìn)行議論，談一談自己的感想，以深化主題，點(diǎn)明中心。

5、寫好字。字是文章的臉面，一手好字就等于作文成功了一半，因?yàn)槟愕淖魑氖墙o老師同學(xué)讀的，你寫的潦草誰還愿意去讀？所以作文時(shí)教師一定要指導(dǎo)學(xué)生把字寫好，寫規(guī)范，這樣你的作文就能拿到較高的印象分。

6、修改好。文章不厭百回改，好作文不是寫出來的，是改出來的。教師在平時(shí)的作文課上，要教給學(xué)生修改作文的方法，作文起草好后，要多讀多改，改標(biāo)點(diǎn)、改錯(cuò)字、改句子、改段落、改中心、改題目。作文起草好后，還可以念給同學(xué)聽，可以同座互改，可以全班評(píng)議。

第三、張開翅膀飛起來。通過以上的訓(xùn)練，學(xué)生的作文能力就會(huì)大大提高，學(xué)生就會(huì)具有命題能力，選材能力，構(gòu)思能力，就可以自己去寫作文了。學(xué)生的作文再不是拖著走，扶著走，而是可以張開翅膀飛起來。如自己教過的學(xué)生朱娜，白慧梅、2006年考入蘭大的我縣理科狀員喬赟，2011年考入人大的我縣理科狀員史靈平等同學(xué)的作文都能寫10多頁，字?jǐn)?shù)可達(dá)3000多字，寫出了很多優(yōu)秀的習(xí)作。我還指導(dǎo)學(xué)生辦起了《苗苗》文學(xué)社，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生發(fā)表作文70篇。如《生命在輪椅上放歌》、《用生命護(hù)綠的人》、《媽媽是個(gè)好媳婦》等作品。

二、“六法”成就作文王

1、讀書法。閱讀是寫作的航母,讀書可以豐富學(xué)生的知識(shí)，充實(shí)學(xué)生的內(nèi)心世界，提高學(xué)生的寫作能力。教師要引導(dǎo)小學(xué)生從二年級(jí)開始就讀書，二三年級(jí)學(xué)生可以讀畫冊(cè)、小人書，高年級(jí)學(xué)生可以讀國內(nèi)外的名著，如《西游記》、《水滸傳》、《三國演義》、《魯賓遜漂流記》等名著，也可以在網(wǎng)上讀書。讀的書多了，積累多了，腦子里的好詞好句多了，寫起作文來就會(huì)信手拈來。

2、積累法。積累是構(gòu)建語文之塔的金磚。讀書時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)積累。教師可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的讀書習(xí)慣，不動(dòng)筆墨不讀書，讀書時(shí)可隨身攜帶一個(gè)袖珍筆記本，一邊讀書一邊記錄書中的優(yōu)美句子、段落。長期堅(jiān)持，就會(huì)積累很多寫作的語言材料。作文時(shí)，可打開筆記，用上好詞、好句、好的材料，把自己的作文打扮的更加亮麗。

3、觀察法。大自然不是缺少美，而是缺少發(fā)現(xiàn)。提起觀察，小學(xué)生最大的毛病就是缺乏正確的觀察方法，一說觀察，學(xué)生只能走馬觀花，只能看出事物的皮毛之處。這里向大家介紹幾種特殊的觀察方法。一是風(fēng)扇式360度的觀察法。就是觀察事物時(shí)，像風(fēng)扇一樣，360度旋轉(zhuǎn)，對(duì)事物進(jìn)行全方位、多角度的觀察，這種觀察方法不僅觀察到事物的整體，也可以觀察到事物的各個(gè)微小環(huán)節(jié)。如寫“我愛我們的校園”一文時(shí)，可采用風(fēng)扇式觀察法，對(duì)校園的大門、花園、教室，旗臺(tái)、操場(chǎng)等進(jìn)行全方位觀察，作文就一定會(huì)寫得具體生動(dòng)。二是鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊法，也叫定點(diǎn)觀察法。觀察事物時(shí)，對(duì)重點(diǎn)部位要進(jìn)行細(xì)致的觀察，如寫人物外貌時(shí)就要采用定點(diǎn)觀察法。如寫媽媽的外貌，彎彎的眉毛、葡萄似的眼睛、櫻桃似的小口、細(xì)細(xì)的腰肢，走起路來水上漂，街上的回頭率是99%等。寫“我的妹妹愛跳舞”一文時(shí)，要重點(diǎn)寫妹妹跳舞的動(dòng)作，就可以采用鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊法，對(duì)妹妹跳舞的姿勢(shì)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描寫：他一會(huì)兒如蜻蜻點(diǎn)水，一會(huì)兒像鷂子翻身，一會(huì)兒像鯉魚打滾，一會(huì)兒像仙女下凡，觀眾無不拍手叫好。三是破壞性觀察法。對(duì)于那些隱藏的事物，不破壞看不出的事物，可采用破壞性觀察法，如蔥、蘿卜可以拔出來看一看，水果可以咬一口嘗一嘗，食堂的飯菜可以吃一口才能品出它的味道。

4、練習(xí)法。作文能力是練出來的。教師平時(shí)課堂教學(xué)，應(yīng)注重練筆活動(dòng)，提倡每課一練。學(xué)校，班級(jí)舉行的體育比賽，歌詠比賽，演講比賽，班隊(duì)活動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生把活動(dòng)寫下來。通過大量的練習(xí)，學(xué)生從三年級(jí)開始，每學(xué)期大約寫50篇作文，四年下來，就練習(xí)400多篇作文，這樣的練習(xí)，小學(xué)生作文一定就會(huì)走上軌道。

修改法。文章不厭百回改，好文章是改出來的，不 是寫出來的。學(xué)生作文起草后，教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己去修改，改標(biāo)點(diǎn)、改錯(cuò)別字、改不通的句子、改結(jié)構(gòu)、改中心、改題目?？刹捎美首x修改法、同桌修改法、全班交流法、老師評(píng)改法，努力使小學(xué)生的習(xí)作語句順暢，文理通達(dá)。

5、鼓勵(lì)法。隨著新一輪課改的深入，傳統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)方法已不適應(yīng)學(xué)生作文能力的提高，而且扼殺了學(xué)生的靈性，泯滅了學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維的火花。試想，學(xué)生苦思冥想寫出來的作文得到老師的評(píng)價(jià)是：“書寫不認(rèn)真，語句不通順，層次不清楚，中心不明確”，這樣的評(píng)價(jià)如五雷轟頂，猶如囚犯被判了死刑一樣，學(xué)生還有興趣寫作文嗎？根據(jù)新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)的教學(xué)理念，我們應(yīng)該徹底轉(zhuǎn)變教學(xué)觀念，采用科學(xué)的、激勵(lì)性的評(píng)價(jià)方式，重鼓勵(lì)、輕指責(zé)。在作文評(píng)價(jià)方面采用鼓勵(lì)性評(píng)價(jià)方法，作文可設(shè)佳作獎(jiǎng)、優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)、一等獎(jiǎng)、二等獎(jiǎng)、三等獎(jiǎng)、進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)，全班學(xué)生都設(shè)獎(jiǎng)，讓每一位學(xué)生都能獲得成功的喜悅。如我在六年級(jí)教過的一名學(xué)生，第一次寫作文只寫了50多字，我也拿起筆為他評(píng)了進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)作文時(shí)我還當(dāng)面表揚(yáng)他，后來這位同學(xué)作文也能寫到500字了。對(duì)學(xué)生的作文我還提出不同的字?jǐn)?shù)要求，如三年級(jí)寫200字，四年級(jí)寫300字，五年級(jí)寫400字，六年級(jí)寫500字，如二年級(jí)學(xué)生能寫200字，就給100分，寫300字就給150分，寫400字就給200分。為了鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多讀書，多積累，作文語言要生動(dòng)，我還采用好詞、好句、書寫好加10分的方法，激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作興趣。這樣的評(píng)價(jià)方法，學(xué)生作文的興趣非常高，他們作文時(shí)總想千方百計(jì)把字寫好、把句子寫優(yōu)美，還要多修改，力爭得高分。

總之，在作文教學(xué)中，采用“三步”“六法”作文教學(xué)法，極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了小學(xué)生的寫作興趣，有效地提高了他們的作文能力。

S

1、擬好題。題目是文章的眼睛，好的題目能調(diào)動(dòng)起學(xué)生的寫作興趣。在作文課上，教師為學(xué)生命題時(shí)，力求新穎一點(diǎn)，如“鄰居胖大嬸”、“媽媽是個(gè)好媳婦”、“我家鬧西游”、“家庭大戰(zhàn)”、“我們班的五大王子”等等，這些題目就比較新穎，可以吊起學(xué)生的胃口，引起小學(xué)生的極大興趣。考試作文，為了避免學(xué)生背作文、抄作文的現(xiàn)象，內(nèi)容常常是話題作文、材料作文，所以更應(yīng)該訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的命題能力。

2、選好材。材料是文章的血肉，一篇好作文由一個(gè)個(gè)小小的材料拼湊而成，選擇典型材料能突出文章的中心，引起讀者閱讀的興趣，同讀者產(chǎn)生共鳴。如果選材平淡乏味，別人讀了如同嚼蠟，誰還愿意去讀。所以，教師在平時(shí)的作文教學(xué)中，教給學(xué)生選材的方法，使學(xué)生選材時(shí)努力做到“人有我無，人有我精”。選材時(shí)，第一選材不能選，第二選材不能選，因?yàn)閯e人都在寫，你肯定沒有別人寫的好。第三選材可以寫，因?yàn)閷懙娜松?，可以以新取勝。如“我的傻外公”這篇習(xí)作選材內(nèi)容是這樣的：外公平時(shí)很吝嗇，每次上街，給我連1元錢的小吃也不買，可汶川地震后，他卻把自己辛苦攢下的200元捐給了災(zāi)區(qū)，你說外公傻不傻？

3、構(gòu)思好。有了材料，還要進(jìn)行構(gòu)思，如怎樣開頭，怎樣結(jié)尾，怎樣分段。運(yùn)用什么寫作方法等。構(gòu)思通常采用橫向構(gòu)思法、縱向構(gòu)思法、發(fā)散構(gòu)思法。俗話說“人貴在直，文貴在曲”，事敘寫人的文章中應(yīng)多編故事，且故事情節(jié)應(yīng)該一波三折，跌宕起伏，這樣才能吸引讀者。關(guān)于波折就有一個(gè)故事：古時(shí)候，一個(gè)秀才為母親祝壽，家里來了許多客人，按照當(dāng)?shù)氐牧?xí)俗，坐首席的要先作一首詩，所有秀才都啞口無言，這時(shí)一位農(nóng)民打扮的人竟坐在首席，別人想把他轟下來，這時(shí)這位老農(nóng)即興吟了一首詩“這個(gè)婆娘不是人，好似仙女下凡塵。兒孫個(gè)個(gè)都是賊，偷來蟠桃慶壽辰?！逼渌硕寂氖址Q快。這個(gè)故事說明作文時(shí)，要寫曲折一些，方能打動(dòng)讀者的心靈。

4、分好段。段是文章的骨架，初寫作文的小學(xué)生，教師要引導(dǎo)他們，可寫三段，而且這三段應(yīng)該開頭像鳳頭，中間像豬肚，結(jié)尾像豹尾。五六年級(jí)學(xué)生可以寫八段十段。文章段落的安排可以按事情的發(fā)展順序安排，按時(shí)間順序安排，按總分總的順序安排，按事情的性質(zhì)安排，按人物的出沒安排。這樣寫的文章就層次清楚，涇渭分明。寫好中心。中心是文章的靈魂，一篇文章應(yīng)該有一個(gè)中心，向讀者介紹說明什么，歌頌贊揚(yáng)什么，批評(píng)什么，指責(zé)什么，都要觀點(diǎn)鮮明，不能有一點(diǎn)含糊。一般是開頭點(diǎn)明中心或在結(jié)尾點(diǎn)明中心，有能力的同學(xué)，在文章的結(jié)尾，可以進(jìn)行議論，談一談自己的感想，以深化主題，點(diǎn)明中心。

5、寫好字。字是文章的臉面，一手好字就等于作文成功了一半，因?yàn)槟愕淖魑氖墙o老師同學(xué)讀的，你寫的潦草誰還愿意去讀？所以作文時(shí)教師一定要指導(dǎo)學(xué)生把字寫好，寫規(guī)范，這樣你的作文就能拿到較高的印象分。

6、修改好。文章不厭百回改，好作文不是寫出來的，是改出來的。教師在平時(shí)的作文課上，要教給學(xué)生修改作文的方法，作文起草好后，要多讀多改，改標(biāo)點(diǎn)、改錯(cuò)字、改句子、改段落、改中心、改題目。作文起草好后，還可以念給同學(xué)聽，可以同座互改，可以全班評(píng)議。

`通訊地址：甘肅省靈臺(tái)縣星火鄉(xiāng)老戶小學(xué) 作者：楊德福 電話*** 郵箱236748269@qq126，用”六法”寫出最牛的作文 744411甘肅省靈臺(tái)縣星火鄉(xiāng)老戶小學(xué) 楊德福

1、讀書法。閱讀是寫作的航母,讀書可以豐富學(xué)生的知識(shí)，充實(shí)學(xué)生的內(nèi)心世界，提高學(xué)生的寫作能力。教師要引導(dǎo)小學(xué)生從二年級(jí)開始就讀書，二三年級(jí)學(xué)生可以讀畫冊(cè)、小人書，高年級(jí)學(xué)生可以讀國內(nèi)外的名著，如《西游記》、《水滸傳》、《三國演義》、《魯賓遜漂流記》等名著，也可以在網(wǎng)上讀書。讀的書多了，積累多了，腦子里的好詞好句多了，寫起作文來就會(huì)信手拈來。

2、積累法。積累是構(gòu)建語文之塔的金磚。讀書時(shí)，要學(xué)會(huì)積累。教師可引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的讀書習(xí)慣，不動(dòng)筆墨不讀書，讀書時(shí)可隨身攜帶一個(gè)袖珍筆記本，一邊讀書一邊記錄書中的優(yōu)美句子、段落。長期堅(jiān)持，就會(huì)積累很多寫作的語言材料。作文時(shí)，可打開筆記，用上好詞、好句、好的材料，把自己的作文打扮的更加亮麗。

3、觀察法。大自然不是缺少美，而是缺少發(fā)現(xiàn)。提起觀察，小學(xué)生最大的毛病就是缺乏正確的觀察方法，一說觀察，學(xué)生只能走馬觀花，只能看出事物的皮毛之處。這里向大家介紹幾種特殊的觀察方法。一是風(fēng)扇式360度的觀察法。就是觀察事物時(shí)，像風(fēng)扇一樣，360度旋轉(zhuǎn)，對(duì)事物進(jìn)行全方位、多角度的觀察，這種觀察方法不僅觀察到事物的整體，也可以觀察到事物的各個(gè)微小環(huán)節(jié)。如寫“我愛我們的校園”一文時(shí)，可采用風(fēng)扇式觀察法，對(duì)校園的大門、花園、教室，旗臺(tái)、操場(chǎng)等進(jìn)行全方位觀察，作文就一定會(huì)寫得具體生動(dòng)。二是鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊法，也叫定點(diǎn)觀察法。觀察事物時(shí)，對(duì)重點(diǎn)部位要進(jìn)行細(xì)致的觀察，如寫人物外貌時(shí)就要采用定點(diǎn)觀察法。如寫媽媽的外貌，彎彎的眉毛、葡萄似的眼睛、櫻桃似的小口、細(xì)細(xì)的腰肢，走起路來水上漂，街上的回頭率是99%等。寫“我的妹妹愛跳舞”一文時(shí)，要重點(diǎn)寫妹妹跳舞的動(dòng)作，就可以采用鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊法，對(duì)妹妹跳舞的姿勢(shì)進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描寫：他一會(huì)兒如蜻蜻點(diǎn)水，一會(huì)兒像鷂子翻身，一會(huì)兒像鯉魚打滾，一會(huì)兒像仙女下凡，觀眾無不拍手叫好。三是破壞性觀察法。對(duì)于那些隱藏的事物，不破壞看不出的事物，可采用破壞性觀察法，如蔥、蘿卜可以拔出來看一看，水果可以咬一口嘗一嘗，食堂的飯菜可以吃一口才能品出它的味道。

4、練習(xí)法。作文能力是練出來的。教師平時(shí)課堂教學(xué)，應(yīng)注重練筆活動(dòng)，提倡每課一練。學(xué)校，班級(jí)舉行的體育比賽，歌詠比賽，演講比賽，班隊(duì)活動(dòng)，讓學(xué)生把活動(dòng)寫下來。通過大量的練習(xí)，學(xué)生從三年級(jí)開始，每學(xué)期大約寫50篇作文，四年下來，就練習(xí)400多篇作文，這樣的練習(xí)，小學(xué)生作文一定就會(huì)走上軌道。

修改法。文章不厭百回改，好文章是改出來的，不 是寫出來的。學(xué)生作文起草后，教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己去修改，改標(biāo)點(diǎn)、改錯(cuò)別字、改不通的句子、改結(jié)構(gòu)、改中心、改題目。可采用朗讀修改法、同桌修改法、全班交流法、老師評(píng)改法，努力使小學(xué)生的習(xí)作語句順暢，文理通達(dá)。

5、鼓勵(lì)法。隨著新一輪課改的深入，傳統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)方法已不適應(yīng)學(xué)生作文能力的提高，而且扼殺了學(xué)生的靈性，泯滅了學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維的火花。試想，學(xué)生苦思冥想寫出來的作文得到老師的評(píng)價(jià)是：“書寫不認(rèn)真，語句不通順，層次不清楚，中心不明確”，這樣的評(píng)價(jià)如五雷轟頂，猶如囚犯被判了死刑一樣，學(xué)生還有興趣寫作文嗎？根據(jù)新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)的教學(xué)理念，我們應(yīng)該徹底轉(zhuǎn)變教學(xué)觀念，采用科學(xué)的、激勵(lì)性的評(píng)價(jià)方式，重鼓勵(lì)、輕指責(zé)。在作文評(píng)價(jià)方面采用鼓勵(lì)性評(píng)價(jià)方法，作文可設(shè)佳作獎(jiǎng)、優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)、一等獎(jiǎng)、二等獎(jiǎng)、三等獎(jiǎng)、進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)，全班學(xué)生都設(shè)獎(jiǎng)，讓每一位學(xué)生都能獲得成功的喜悅。如我在六年級(jí)教過的一名學(xué)生，第一次寫作文只寫了50多字，我也拿起筆為他評(píng)了進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)，發(fā)作文時(shí)我還當(dāng)面表揚(yáng)他，后來這位同學(xué)作文也能寫到500字了。對(duì)學(xué)生的作文我還提出不同的字?jǐn)?shù)要求，如三年級(jí)寫200字，四年級(jí)寫300字，五年級(jí)寫400字，六年級(jí)寫500字，如二年級(jí)學(xué)生能寫200字，就給100分，寫300字就給150分，寫400字就給200分。為了鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生多讀書，多積累，作文語言要生動(dòng)，我還采用好詞、好句、書寫好加10分的方法，激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作興趣。這樣的評(píng)價(jià)方法，學(xué)生作文的興趣非常高，他們作文時(shí)總想千方百計(jì)把字寫好、把句子寫優(yōu)美，還要多修改，力爭得高分。

總之，在作文教學(xué)中，采用“三步”“六法”作文教學(xué)法，極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了小學(xué)生的寫作興趣，有效地提高了他們的作文能力。

第四篇：寒假作文王心嵐

王心嵐

寒假作文

指導(dǎo)教師:陳瑞清 晉江市安海養(yǎng)正中心小學(xué)六年級(jí)8班

關(guān)心

2012-1-14 關(guān)心如一杯白開水，雖然很小，很淡，但是卻溫暖了我那幼小的心靈；關(guān)心如一縷陽光，照亮了我的心房。

小時(shí)候，長輩對(duì)我是百般呵護(hù)，十分關(guān)心我。生病了，悉心照顧我，什么事情都幫我準(zhǔn)備好。小時(shí)候每個(gè)孩子都是家中的小皇帝、小公主，我也不例外。

漸漸長大了，園丁又辛勤地培育，照顧我們這些祖國的花朵。在我的心房中記錄著別人關(guān)心我的事，至今那一件事情還令我難忘。

那是一天下午放學(xué)后，老師走過來對(duì)我說：

“如今，你的媽媽生病了，又臨近考試，這段時(shí)間你就先住在我家吧?！?我聽后點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭，便和老師一同回家了。老師每天都要上課，回來后又忙著給我做飯，接著又給我輔導(dǎo)功課，讓我睡著之后，才去工作。

有好幾個(gè)夜晚，我起來上廁所，路過老師的房間，空間里面還亮著光。好奇心驅(qū)使我悄悄打開一小縫，我透過縫隙看見老師還在燈光下辛勤工作，批改著我們的作業(yè)。

我輕輕地關(guān)上門，心里暗暗發(fā)誓：老師實(shí)在是太辛苦了，這么晚了還要幫我們批改作業(yè)。我一定要考出好成績！“皇天不負(fù)有心人”，期末考試，我不負(fù)眾望取得了優(yōu)異的成績，老師開心地笑了。這時(shí)，媽媽的病也好了，看見我的成績更是笑得合不攏嘴了。

雖然，這件事情已經(jīng)過去了許久，都是那次在老師家生活的日子，那段美好的回憶卻永遠(yuǎn)留在了我的腦海中，令我記憶猶新，至今無法忘卻。

第五篇：研究生英語期末口語考試話題（范文）

Topics for Oral Test 1.你知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食物嗎？你認(rèn)為這對(duì)健康有害嗎？What do you know

GM food? Do you think it is harmful to health?

D: Hey ,everybody，a few days ago，I read a paper that China have done several researchs on genetically modified foods and have eaten them.As far as I am concerned，The United States is also favor of genetically modified foods , but Europe is against them firmly.what do you think of it?

L: Well, I think it's a great idea to have genetically modified foods.D: Really？Why?

L: Well, genetically modified plants may need fewer pesticides than normal plants.For example, there is a type of corn that is bad for insects——when the insects eat the corn plant, they die.However, the corn doesn’t hurt people.This type of corn is beneficial because famers use fewer pesticides to grow the corn, and so there is less pollution in the environment.Also the corn is less expensive because the farmers don’t have to spend a lot of money on pesticides.So, by using fewer pesticides the corn is cheaper and the environment is cleaner.H: Yes, and there are two another benefits of genetically modified food.One is that they may grow better than normal plants.The other one is that many genetically modified plants stay fresh longer after they are harvested.What’s more, because of its high yield, it increases the possibility of solving the global hunger issues.But do you think the GM foods are all safe?

Y: Well, there is no answer.No effects on human health have been shown as a result of the consumption of such foods by the general population in the countries where they have been approved.So far, there is little evidence that GM foods are harmful to health.However，there are some countries holding the opposite views.D: I firmly agree with that.Everything has two sides, Some European countries such as Austria, their consumer groups oppose the sale of importing genetically modified food, they believe that genetically modified foods affect human health.In Europe, the government's attitude is, genetically modified food are insecurity.Some social groups and organizations called for scientists to confirm the safety of genetically modified foods.Y: yeah, what you said are reasonable.In my opinions, I prefer to eat the natural and common food rather than the GM food.The GM food is mixed some additive genes into a new one by the transgenic technology so that the GM food has unknown effects to human beings if they eat it, such as: people will be allergic to the GM food because it have added some parts of gene which can make people allergic.H: Objectively speaking, we can't simply label GM foods with good or bad labels.So , What we should do is to learn to view things with dialectical thought.That is to say, we should use the objective critical and inclusive vision to treat GM foods.With the development of technology, I firmly believe that someday the scientist will tell us whether genetically modified food is angle or a devil.2.有時(shí)候，當(dāng)你從不同的角度觀察同一件事物的時(shí)候，也許會(huì)變得不同。你也這樣認(rèn)為么？Sometimes, the same thing may seem to be different when it is observed from different perspectives? Do you think so? Share your experiences with your partners.What’s your view about this question?

A：Sometimes, the same thing may seem to be different when it is observed from different perspectives.Do you think so?

B：Yes，I totally agree with this statement.Have you ever heard a classical story which reflecting two different attitudes toward the same thing? When looking at a glass with some water in it, people may respond differently.Some may focus on the negative aspect and describe the glass as half empty;others may emphasize the positive aspect of it and regard it as half full.In other words, people may hold completely different ideas about the same thing.C：I also agree with this view.The two different answers to this question represent two different attitudes towards life--optimistic attitude and pessimistic attitude.Chinese old saying indicates, “A blessing in disguise（塞翁失馬焉知非福）”,it means :For a time, though it was lost, it would be good for it.D：Yeah，the words remind me of an inspirational story.The great inventor Edison Thomas have studied more than 8000 not suitable materials of filament, people asked him: “you have failed the 8000 times, what is the use for you to continue this research?” Thomas Edison said that I have not failed.On the contrary, I found more than 8000 not suitable material.A：I also appreciate Edison's optimistic attitude towards life.From another perspective, the thing is different.In life, many people are easy to feel frustrated by meeting a bit of setback.As far as I am concerned, we need to change our perspectives and learn to keep positive and optimistic like Edison when facing difficulties so that we can have more power to pursue our dreams.D：Yeah.Edison's story has been encouraging me to be optimistic.Before reading this story, I always be depressed when there were a lot of mistakes in the homework.But, now I will fell very lucky in this case, because these problems can be found in time before exam.C：Oh , great!So, learn to change a point of view, life is full of hope and happiness.As we all known, life doesn’t always run smoothly, but you have got to think positive.And there is no denying that most optimists have a high happiness index，which can hardly be experienced by pessimists.B：Ok.Speaking of which, I have a word to share with you.Turn around, is another starting point, change an angle, you will find a different scenery!(轉(zhuǎn)身，是另一個(gè)起點(diǎn)，換一個(gè)角度，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)不一樣的風(fēng)景！)

3.請(qǐng)針對(duì)我們應(yīng)該如何面對(duì)流行病給出幾條建議：

Please give some advice about what we should do when faced with an epidemic.A:As[武漢天氣不穩(wěn)定，最近很多人感冒了，是吧？] we all known, the weather in Wuhan is sometimes cold and sometimes hot, so , recently ,many people catch a cold, is it?

B: Yeah, of course.Just like me.I've just recovered from a bad cold, I felt dizzy, and cough day and night。

C:I know that you had a bad time, there is no doubt that the flu is a common epidemic in our daily life.However, there are many other epidemics which is hard to be cured.Can you show me an example?[我知道你渡過了一段難過的時(shí)間，毫無疑問流感是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械囊环N常見流行病。很容易治療，吃藥即可。但是還有很多流行病難以治療，你們能列舉幾個(gè)例子嗎？]

D:One example just appears in my mind, that is SARS.I still remember it broke out in 2002, at that time, I was just in primary school.It was like a strong tornado [t?:?ne?d??] that swept the whole country and many people were killed by it.A: Yes, I still remember that our life was disturbed and we had to stay at home during those days.We tried our best to fight against the SARS and help each other.Fortunately, we took control of it by the end.B:Ye]ah, another example occurs to me, AIDS.It is a vital [?va?tl] epidemic, and it caused by a virus(?va?r?s)called HIV.What’s more, it was first reported in 1980 in the US, the most common manifestation(癥狀)of AIDS include fever, vomiting ['v?m?t??], headache and so on.The HIV is transmitted by 3 main routes, they are sexual, maternal [m??t?:nl] and blood-borne.C:Yeah,in addition, I know that AIDS will not infect through public facilities, and will not spread through shaking hands and hugging.In a word, numerous epidemics break out, and they have caused the most disastrous impacts on us.D:Yeah,you are right.As the saying goes, prevention is better than cure.Now that there are so many epidemics in our daily life, what should we do when faced with an epidemic, can you give us some advice?

A:Oh,I know something about that.For example, people could prevent catching a cold if they dress warmly and have a good rest when the winter comes.But many people get sick so that they have to spend much time and money in seeing a doctor.B: What’s more, I think we need to clean our dormitory every day.What’s more, we should keep our laboratory [l??b?r?t?ri] clean and tidy and open the windows every morning.C:Yes,I totally agree with you.In order to protect ourselves from the epidemics, it’s important for us to eat more vegetables, fruit instead of junk food and do more exercises.We will deserve for a better life.4.在你看來，精英教育培養(yǎng)出來的是什么樣的人？今天的社會(huì)需要什么樣的人？ In your opinion, what kind of people should an elite education produce? What kind of people are really needed in today’s society?

A: Hi, good morning!B/C/D: Good morning!A: Do you know what day is it 5 days later? B: Your birthday? A: No

C: Your boyfriend’s birthday? A: No D: I know, it is college entrance examination, am I right? A：Yes, you are right!It is college entrance examination, which we all have experienced about 5 years ago.In another words, we have received 5 years of higher education.Should higher education be elite education or mass education?

B: Wait, wait… what is elite education? I have ever heard about these vocabularies, but don’t know the real meaning of it.C: Let me tell you!An elite education is that the enrollment rate of the right age is below the 15%.It means only a few people can have the chance to be educated.In other words, the elite education is a kind of “individualized” education which emphasizes the development of individual talents.D: Mass education is opened to everyone regardless of your qualifications.In other words, mass education tends to be “universal and extensive”, which emphasizes the utility of education to the whole society.B: oh, I see.Elite education is offered for only a few people, so the education we have taken in the past 5 years is the elite education, am I right? A: Yeah, maybe you are right to some degree.It depends on how you understand the goal of elite education.In your opinion, what kind of people should an elite education produce?

D: In my opinion, elite education is not aristocratic education(貴族教育)though it offers to a few students.Elite education should produce the elites and leaders of this society.And these elites could help with the development of this society.C: However, elite education may also produce people overestimate themselves and not able to communicate with people who do not take elite education, although they may be proficient in several foreign languages.B: Yeah, you are right.Do you think these elites cultivated by elite education are the people our society really need?

A: On one hand, as we all know, Roman is not built in one day, so does our society.The development and prosperity of our society cannot be separated from the social elite, as well as the ordinary people.On the other hand, actually, China is a developing country with large population and scarce resources.We do not have enough conditions to provide elite education.D: Yeah, as a result, for the current stage, the purpose of Chinese higher education is mainly produce practical and professional talents.At the same time, general education also has certain requirements, in order to meet the requirements of the “specialized personnel” in the outline.C: Yes, you are right.I hope our country will combine the advantages of elite education and mass education according to our present situation.In that way, we may harvest all kinds of talents our society needs.5.你是否有經(jīng)常或偶爾的接近自然來遠(yuǎn)離城市噪音？你希望生活在城市還是在鄉(xiāng)村，你更喜歡什么樣的生活？為什么？Do you regularly or occasionally get close to nature to escape the city noise? What kind of life do you prefer to live, the life in city or in the countryside? Why?

Y：What a wonderful day!It’s a good time to go out for a walk.How is your grandfather after surgery ,紫薇?

H: Well, he is slowly recovering after moving to the countryside to live.Y: That sounds comforting.How about living in the countryside ?

H: It’s a good choice!The countryside is so peaceful and beautiful!I just come back from countryside with my parents.I spent my childhood in country when I was a baby.That’s a great memory.D: I partly agree with you, because the countryside is not as convenient as the city.For example, the city offers more opportunities and entertainment.L: I prefer country life to city life.Just like what I have seen on TV, there are too many stunning scenes which can not be seen in cities.For example , in Summer nights, thousands of stars are glimmering in the dark , this beautiful scenery attracted me so much.When I have lived in city for a long time, which makes me find some social ills of city life.D: I know what you mean.But I’m hardly agree with that.The city developed more quickly than the country.Flourishing businesses and advanced equipment are changed every day, which is so exciting.H: I agree with 劉高輝.Because the country life gives us opportunity to close to nature.One can see trees, grass and listen to the birds whenever.It’s a good to health.What’s more ,there is less noise , pollution，pressure and crime.It provides us more fresh air and quite.D: Yes, I see.But country life may not be that perfect.People usually lack culture activities.They are relatively ill informed.Things go fairly slowly there.And people miss some golden opportunities of making a fortune.L: The disadvantages of country did existed.I plan to live in the country,after i retired.Maybe it is a better choice.H: Oh, it just what I think!And Country people have chance to experience the lifestyle of city when they come to cities.D: what is your ideal life like? My ideal life is that i have a right to choose life.so I need to pay more efforts to learn now.How about you ,楊榕瑕?

Y: In my opinion ,the answer is not certain.Whatever life we lead,we can never feel perfectly satisfied, for conveniences and inconveniences always coexist.People wish that they could enjoy the pleasure of both lives.And you,劉高輝?

L: I get ready to work hard when I’m young.For example, I eager to experience more fresh things to broaden the field of vision and social experience before 40 years old.Y: Sounds good!Good luck!

6.什么是快樂？你認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該怎樣獲得快樂？What is happiness? In what ways can we achieve happiness? A：Hi, good morning!Did you eat breakfast this morning? B: yeah, I have eaten steamed stuffed buns(包子)and soybean milk（豆?jié){）['s?ibi:n;milk] in Gui Xiang Yuan, it’s very delicious.C：Me too.I have eaten hot-dry noodles this morning and feel very full and satisfied.I also feel so happy.D: Wow!You may achieve happiness every time to time, since you are so easy to be satisfied.C: Yeah.There is a saying that “contentment brings happiness”, I do believe it.Indeed, it brings me a sense of happiness.(smile^_^)

B: I’m agree with you, happy people feel satisfied with themselves, and they’re happy with what they have.They may be a little overweight, or may not have the best job, or may not live in a big, fancy house, but they are satisfied with what they have.This feeling of happiness comes from the inside, not from something outside.A: You mean, happy people feel satisfied with themselves, unhappy people are often not satisfied with what they have? Then, I have a question “Do you think ‘阿Q’ , the chapter in Lu Xun’s work--story of Ah Q be a happy person? He is satisfied with what he has, but I think he is poor more than happy.B: 阿Q is a special character in a special background.He lives in his own world and use “spirit victory(精神勝利法)” to get the feeling of satisfied.He doesn’t get the real happiness because he achieves satisfactions from fantasies(幻想), instead of his own effort.D：I see.The real happiness comes from contentment, and real contentment comes from your own effort.In another words, if you have tried your best but still don't get what you want, then you may stop and enjoy what you already have.In this way, you can easily achieve happiness.B: Bingo.This is what I mean.C: I agree with you, too.But I also find that happy people have one in common.That is, they are all optimistic—they look at the positive side of life, not the negative.A：Yeah, when happy people have problems, they assume that things will approve.They don’t worry and think that all bad things can happen, it’s quite normal.So they can take it easy.However, unhappy people are the opposite.When they have a problem, they think about how bad everything is and assume that it’ll get worse.So they make themselves even more unhappy.D: I totally agree with you, and I think another thing can bring us happiness—helping others.It is proved effective every time since I have tried.Of course, I help other people because I can and I want help them, as well as they are really in need, not for the aims of getting happiness.But from this process, I really achieve a kind of amazing and wonderful feeling—it may be called “happiness”.C: You are great.Maybe I should learn from you.Just as the old saying says “Present rose to others with remaining fragrance at hand.” When you are helping others in need, you are helping yourself, so that you can achieve happiness.B: I really hope people with kind-heart and optimistic will achieve happiness forever.7.你相信你是美麗的（英?。﹩幔磕阌袥]有想過整容？整容手術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)是什么？Do you believe you are beautiful(handsome)? Have you ever thought about cosmetic surgery [k?z?metik ?s?:d??ri]整容手術(shù)? What are pros and cons of cosmetic surgery?

H：夢(mèng)鴿, what do you think of plastic surgery? like lip implants, breast implants?

D:Yeah , absolutely.I would like now, but four years ago, maybe I don’t agree.H: Interesting!I think the biggest advantage of cosmetic surgery is its ability to turn an ordinary face to a very lovely one.It can make up for your regret of your body, your face or any other part of your body.Y:Well, I agree with that.You may become confident in your daily life, which will make you energetic when you work, so you may make more achievement in your career.Just like the recent phenomenon: more and more people, especially some young girls choose to take plastic surgeries.They argued that this kind of surgery can improve one’s opportunity to secure a good job.D:Do you agree with me?

Y:Yeah, especially when women get older, they will have plastic surgery due to effect of media and society.Maybe they would like to have plastic surgery here or there.L: I partly agree with you.But I don’t have to give up any parts if I were a women.Because many factors influence of the standard of beauty.The believe beauty is more important than external beauty when people get older.Y:AHA.Don’t you want to place it in a more appropriate location , Imagining you get older?

L: I just like enjoy the natural.And there are still a huge danger.Many tragic（悲?。﹊ncidents have been reported recent years that one get hurt or blind or even dead when she adopts a cosmetic surgery.A person only has one chance of life.Nothing is important than life in the world.D: But I think many men may like it, people prefer to pursuit good things, after all.L: Maybe ,of course they do.Nowadays cosmetic surgery is also for men.What about you 胡紫薇 ,do you believe you are beautiful? What will you do if you get a chance to do a cosmetic surgery one day?

H: HAHAHA.....,I like my body.Just like the saying goes :beauty is only skin-deep(外在美不過是表面現(xiàn)象).So I will not to do a cosmetic surgery now.And in my opinion, we should consider the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery.Now we can also find that there are too many famous people who are not memorized by their appearance, but their personality and special habits.8.你認(rèn)為“事實(shí)勝于雄辯”這句話是什么？請(qǐng)用例子來說明它。What do you think of the saying “Actions speak louder than words.”? Please use examples to illustrate it.1、百說不如一做。理想總是豐滿的，不能空有理想，要付出實(shí)際行動(dòng)。一種被付諸實(shí)踐了的行動(dòng)要比一百種想法都要可靠。舉例：、與我們相近的例子是我們總是在幻想自己能干這個(gè)干那個(gè)，可是真正到了要付諸實(shí)踐的時(shí)候就很輕易被打倒，不作為。

A: Good morning, everyone.B/C/D: Good morning!

A:Last night I have read a saying “Actions speak louder than words”, but I don’t know what does it really mean, does it means nonverbal communication is more important than spoken language or something else? Can you help me? I feel so confused.B: Oh, don’t worry.It is very normal, not be confused.Because one word may have different meanings under different context, let alone a saying.May be your understanding is right to some degree.C: Yes, maybe you are right, isn’t it? But in my opinion, “Actions speak louder than words” means what you do is more important than what you say.And if you say you are going to do something, then you need to do it.[引入第一種觀點(diǎn)：實(shí)際行動(dòng)比你說的話要重要的多?！鞍僬f不如一做?！盷

D: Yeah, I agree very strongly with you!“Actions” means you should do something instead of staying here and do nothing.But in our daily life, too many people, even include me, “words speak louder than actions”.Moreover, plans of action were not always properly implemented.[提出現(xiàn)實(shí)卻是相反的，很多人都是“說的比做得多”。計(jì)劃也總是不能完全被實(shí)施。]

B：Me too!I had planned to read 3 papers this week and complete a course paper.However, I didn’t do as I had planned, and now I feel a lot of pressure(>_<).Moreover, most people I know who waited to travel the world never did.（無奈）[舉例論證觀點(diǎn)一]

A: I've had many similar experiences like you, but I think we should do more than only speak.In other words, talks little but does more.[觀點(diǎn)一總結(jié)：少說話，多做事！]Is there any other understanding of this saying?

C：Of course!Another meaning of this saying is that no matter how you are skilled in debate, you can hardly defeat the fact.In this situation, actions refer to the civisms or other debates against you.[觀點(diǎn)二：事實(shí)勝于雄辯！]In fact, words are the shallowest portion of all the argument.[事實(shí)上，在一切雄辯中，語言往往是最淺薄的部分。] Have you ever heard the story of Yu Gong who removed the mountains?

D: Yes, I know.It describes an old man with very strong perseverance, who finally moved away the mountain in front of the door through he and his family’s continuous efforts.It tells us that unless you give up, you will be succeed sooner or later.[愚公移山的例子] B: You are right.But on the other hand, it also verifies that “facts speak louder than words.” Even though many people have disapproved with him, even questioned him.But he, Foolish Old Man, doesn’t defeat by his opponents, who are skilled in debate.Facts proved that he is right and he is not the foolish man.He is the man who has great wisdom.A: I see.Thank you very much.I don’t feel confused now.And I think I have learnt the real meaning of this saying “actions speak louder than words”.Thank you!(The End[提問者對(duì)幾個(gè)幫助他的回答者表示感謝！])

9.你認(rèn)為在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，失眠是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題嗎？失眠的原因是什么？對(duì)失眠患者的建議。

Do you think insomnia [?n?s?mni?]失眠 is a serious problem in the modern society? What are the causes for insomnia? Think of advice for people with insomnia.A:JOHN B:ELLA C:MARY D:CRIS C: how is it going, ELLA? B: I’m fine, thank you!And you, you looked so tired? C: Well, I just can’t fall sleep at all lately.I didn't close my eyes until early this morning.A: Anything bother you, Study or the other things? D: The Dragon Boat Festival holiday is coming.You were too excited to sleep, weren’t you? B: AHA.I wasn't sure if I had insomnia.I will wake up in the middle of the night, and always do all kinds of dreams.Feeling the whole body tired especially in the morning.A: It sounds so bad.How long has it been like this? C: From two weeks ago.D: You should see a doctor, like a psychological doctor.C: Thank you, JOHN.There are something bothered me and I thought some bad things about my study and my future life? Maybe I need to relax myself, such as do some exercises before go to bed.A: Do you think that insomnia is a serious problem in the modern society? More and more people have been suffering from insomnia, especially for office workers.B: I agree with that.Insomnia refers to lack of sleep or poor quality of sleep, which causes fatigue or discomfort, such as inattention, weakness, poor alertness, low spirit, headache and tension.There are also insomnia patients around us, they are so difficult to sleep at night, that it effected their daily life.D: Yes, Patients with insomnia will be a heavy black eye during the day, and they seem less energetic and absent-minded.C: It’s so bad, just like what I suffered now, you know.I’m eager to know the reason for that.B: I just know little about this question.Physiological factors such as not a bad sleep routine.Most people like drink tea, coffee or alcohol before sleep, which is harmful to body.What’s more, the sudden change of sleep environment, noise, and high temperature, strong light also lead to insomnia.What do you think of that, CRIS?

D: Well, Psychological factor is another important aspect besides physiological factors.Office workers face the pressure of work and life.Excessive anxiety and depression lead to insomnia.C: We can try our best to avoid insomnia in the daily life, although it is caused by many actors.A: I totally agree with you.Keeping your feet worm and making the bed comfortable before sleeping are the things we can do.B: What’s more, Exercising regularly and don’t open the window while sleeping.D: We would have a good sleep habit if those good habits were developed.A,B,C: That’s right!

10.什么是“善意的謊言”？你有沒有說過善意的謊言？你認(rèn)為講一個(gè)善意的謊言是合乎道德的嗎？是，為什么；不是，又為什么？

What is “a white lie”善意的謊言? Have you ever told a white lie? Do you think telling a white lie is ethical? Why or why not?

A：Do you know what is “a white lie”?

B：Yes.On certain occasions, out of necessity, we simply cannot tell the truth but have to lie with good rather than bad intentions.This kind of lie is called a white lie.Here, I can give you an example.I told my friend Sally a white lie when she asked me how I liked her new party dress.I didn't like the color or the design but when I saw how happy she was with it, I told her it looked great.To “l(fā)ie with good intentions” is very common and almost all of us have done it.Have you ever told a white lie?

A：Yes.In some cases the truth is going to hurt or trouble someone but white lies can give others comfort and encouragement.For example, I told my parents a white lie when I was sick, Even though I was still not feeling well, I smiled and told them I was much better.Just because I didn’t want them to be worried.D：Oh, how sensible you are!Lies have been recognized as a synonym for cheating and hypocrisy and lies are often held in contempt.However, sometimes we need lies in real life, because a white lie can give one comfort and encouragement.If a seriously ill patient can refresh himself to fight against the illness after hearing your white lie, don’t you think your lie is meaningful?

C：It seems that in some cases white lies are very meaningful.But from the perspective of ethics, I still don't support it.Do you think telling a white lie is ethical?

B：Yes, of course.In fact, its existence does not harm the interests of the victims and its motive is kind.To be honest is to make our society more harmonious, to a better development of the society.In this way, white lies accord with the purpose Of honesty.What do you think of it?

C：Oh, I see.But I can’t agree with you.I insist that white lies are lies after all.It’s dishonest to tell even white lies.In my opinion, everyone has the right to know the truth, you have no right to make choices instead of others.Indeed, in some cases, white lies can give you a cure, but who can guarantee that when you know the truth, you will not regret not knowing it earlier.So how about you?

D：Graham(本杰明·格雷厄姆)said that” in human relationships, kindness and lies are worth a thousand truths”.I think he means that in most time telling a white lie is better than tell the truth.So I don’t agree with your presentation.A: Well.Sometimes we need white lies to keep peace.And sometimes we also tell white lies to protect someone.If a girl tries her best to lose weight, but she is still very fat, it’s better for you to say you are very lovely or you really get thinner rather than tell her the truth, “you have put on weight again.” So I hold on to my position.