第一篇:期末復(fù)習(xí)詞匯1
U1 Test A
1.The company is facing a __________ challenge in the next round of competition in the world
market.A.flexibleB.consistentC.firm.stiff
2.A good teacher won’t __________ his own views in the class;instead, he will exchange views
with the students..press onB.take inC.stand outD.break off
3.They didn’t __________ with an enormous cost involved when they decided to buy a house in that area.A.consider.reckonC.declareD.presume
4.A control over the population is __________ to the sustainable development of China.A.decisive.crucialC.efficientD.offensive
5.The general __________ the troops to retreat to the south and bided their time for a counterattack..instructedB.indicatedC.engagedD.reckoned
6.If you are sending a parcel abroad, you must fill in a customs __________.A.announcement.declarationC.invasionD.exploration
7.In the election __________, the candidates have to make a lot of inspiring speeches to win votes from all kinds of people.A.competition B.fightC.battle.campaign
8.The judge agreed that the defendant had been depressed and was not fully __________ for the accident.A.radicalB.externalC.inherent.responsible
9.Hundreds of people were __________ homeless due to severe earthquake in the western part of the country.A.obligedB.launchedC.pressed.rendered
10.The pioneer troops were designed to pin down the enemy __________ the final counterattack.A.due toB.senior to.prior toD.superior to
11.With the exchange rate soaring, their __________ to double the profit in export seems impossible.A.offensiveB.objectionC.obligation.objective
12.To avoid more casualties, the Red Army took a __________ to cross the raging river.A.stakeB.halt.gambleD.bet
13.If he told you that he had a luxurious car, he was just __________.He had only a secondhand bicycle.A.exaggerating.boastingC.cheatingD.deceiving
14.During Franco’s dictatorship in Spain, Juan Carlos I, who later became the King of Spain, had to live in __________.A.expel.exileC.exitD.excess
15.The judge apologized for his __________ words in the court, but the accused wouldn’t forgive him.A.consistentB.intimateC.confidential.offensive
16.If you want to prove yourself to be a grownup, you have to be __________ for what you say and do.A.respectableB.reproachful.responsibleD.respectful
17.When the Allied forces launched the counterattack, the Germans were caught off __________.A.sightB.surpriseC.sense.guard
18.Rather annoyed at his __________ remarks, she left the party without saying goodbye to the hostess..offensiveB.sensitiveC.instructiveD.positive
19.The only __________ to their marriage is her parents’ strong opposition because of her fiance’s humble origin.A.objection.obstacleC.oppressionD.complication
20.Due to unfavorable weather conditions, the military operations were __________ just on the eve of the originally scheduled attack..called offB.taken outC.paid offD.called out
21.__________ and impartial assessment of the employees’ performance at work is essential to the development of the company.A.Abundant.ObjectiveC.CapableD.Sufficient
22.The number of __________ in the air crash was estimated to be thirty-five by Washington Post.A.occupation.casualtiesC.registrationD.representatives
23.The manager was expecting a __________ reply to his counter-offer for the imported products..favorableB.prominentC.fundamentalD.primary
24.The manager decided to __________ a sales campaign of the products in order to regain the market share.A.relieveB.instructC.possess.launch
25.__________ by the mass of housework, she complained bitterly to her husband.A.Broken up.Bogged downC.Held upD.Brought down
26.Faced with unambiguous evidence, the suspect had to confess to __________ his landlady.A.have killedB.killC.be killing.having killed
27.Only by increasing its exports drastically __________ from the present awkward situation of trade imbalance..can the country emerge
B.has the country emerged
C.that the country might emerge
D.might emerge the country
28.You’d better find somebody else to see to it, for by five o’clock this afternoon, I __________ on my trip to Australia.A.would have gone.will have goneC.had goneD.has gone
29.__________, the assault craft had to change its direction and landed in a new sector.A.The current to be stiffB.Were the current stiff.The current being stiffD.To be stiff to the current
30.The desire to __________ makes him excited and energetic, but it also puts him under extreme pressure..winB.winningC.be wonD.having won
U1 Test B
1.The lawyer of the plaintiff launched a series of questions in the court, which clearly caught the defendant __________.A.in guardB.on guardC.to guard.off guard
2.Improved investor’s confidence is __________ to the recovery of the bull’s market in stock trading.A.internal.crucialC.additionalD.casual
3.It is not advisable to make money __________ one’s conscience or health.A.in the loss ofB.at the pay ofC.in the place of.at the cost of
4.The troops were heavily outnumbered and were forced to __________ thirty miles backward.A.release.retreatC.invadeD.intrude
5.Thanks to the heavy rain, the enemy’s cannons were __________ almost useless..renderedB.weakenedC.offendedD.surrendered
6.I’m afraid such an invalid as Mrs.White would not be able to __________ such a heavy blow.A.withdraw.withstandC.withholdD.resist
7.All of our players will spare no effort to __________ every possible medal at the Olympic Games.A.compete.contest C.fightD.contend
8.The partnership might have __________ for years more if Tom had not decided on a clean break.A.dragged inB.dragged offC.dragged out.dragged on
9.Having won the first round in the election, the candidate __________ for more than his original demand..held outB.held upC.held inD.held on
10.The government was urged to take __________ measures to stop violence and bring the country to peace again.A.impressive.decisiveC.exclusiveD.offensive
11.Public __________ for the safety of the missing passengers of the crashed airplane is all the more growing.A.irritationB.fractionC.reward.concern
12.Man should learn to live in harmony with nature instead of seeking a complete __________ of it.A.occupationB.control.conquestD.rule
13.By a __________ of luck, he won the lottery and got ten thousand dollars.A.strikeB.stressC.thread.stroke
14.We had our luggage inspected by customs officers when we crossed the __________.A.fringe.borderC.edgeD.rim
15.If any __________ arises when you go through the formalities of applying for an import license, please let me know.A.estimation.complicationC.devotionD.passion
16.The pursuit was __________ when it was clear that the goal had been attained.A.called inB.called on.called offD.called up
17.Lisa is rather __________ about her mother’s condition, foe she has just had an operation on her heart.A.relatedB.considered.concernedD.contented
18.The Spanish pair was their last __________ in the Tennis Competition in 2004 Olympic Games..conquestB.invasionC.oppressionD.casualty
19.Jack lacks sales experience, which has become a major __________ in his career.A.function.obstacleC.aptitudeD.concept
20.John was late for class because of the traffic jam.But __________ Tom, he overslept.A.in case ofB.as the case of.in the case ofD.as case of
21.Despite all the favorable conditions, risk factors must also be __________ with in the project.A.consideredB.thought.reckonedD.expected
22.More than half of the committee being __________, the meeting had to be cancelled.A.abstractB.absurdC.affirmative.absent
23.The package is protected with specially designed material which is strong enough to __________ rough handling in transportation.A.deriveB.modifyC.tribute.withstand
24.Switzerland prides itself on being a neutral country which does not belong to any military __________.A.allowanceB.offence.allianceD.defense
25.Politicians know they cannot create a lawful society simply at the __________ of a pen..strokeB.strikeC.strideD.strip
26.__________ they reached the town called Edmonton, they stopped the car and explored the area around.A.Before a mile or so whenB.Further than a mile or so as
C.For a mile or so after.A mile or so before
27.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, __________ in other European countries..as is often the case B.like often the case is
C.what is often the caseD.often the case is that
28.Talking about the stock exchange, I don’t mean __________ usually thought of when the term is used..what isB.that weC.as youD.all is
29.__________, he does not want her to be spoiled.A.Although much he loves his little girl B.As he loves his little girl much.Much as he loves his little girlD.Much although he loves his little girl
30.We were struck __________ the whole village was damaged by the severe storm.A.to the extent by which B.to which by the extent.by the extent to which D.by which to the extent
第二篇:七年級英語上冊_期末復(fù)習(xí)_重點詞匯
【維克多英語】初一英語上冊基礎(chǔ)知識整理姓名
【要求】看中文,說和寫出中文!
I believe you can do it!
早上好Good morning!下午好Good afternoon!晚上好Good evening!你好Hello!/ Hi!你好嗎?How are you? 我很好,謝謝!I’m fine, thanks.我很好,謝謝你!I’m OK, thank you.見到你很高興Nice to meet you.這是什么?What’s this? 那是什么?What’s that?
什么顏色what color is / are …? 用英語in English
這用英語這么說? What’s this in English? 一本英語書an English book 一個橙子an orange
請拼寫它。Spell it, please!我的名字是…my name is… 我是…I am …
你叫什么名字?What’s your name? 名字first name
姓氏last / family name 電話號碼telephone number
你的電話號碼是多少?What’s your telephone number? 一張身份證an ID card
一張學(xué)生證a student ID card 一串鑰匙a set of keys 這串鑰匙this set of keys 電子游戲computer game
玩電子游戲play computer games 兩只手表two watches
一本英語字典an English dictionary 一本漢語字典a Chinese dictionary 一塊橡皮an eraser
在背包里in the backpack 在鉛筆盒里in the pencil case 如何拼寫它?How do you spell it?
How do you spell “book”?---B-O-O-K, book.失物招領(lǐng)lost and found
在失物招領(lǐng)處in the lost and found case 請打電話給Mary。Please call Mary.請打12345。Please call 12345.請打12345找Mary。Please call Mary at 12345.這是什么?What’s this? 那是什么?What’s that? 這/這些是this is / these are 那/那些是that is / those are
這是我的媽媽。This is my mother.那是我的爸爸。That is my father.這些是我的姐妹。These are my sisters.那些是我的哥哥。Those are my brothers.我父母親my parents
我的祖父母my grandparents 一張…的照片a photo of…
一張全家福照片a photo of my family 我的全家福my family photo
這里有一張我的全家福。Here is a photo of my family.Here is my family photo.叔叔和阿姨uncle and aunt
他們是我的表兄妹。They are my cousins.為…而感謝thanks for…
感謝你的幫助。Thanks for your help.感謝你的來信。Thanks for your letter.在哪里Where is / are…? 在沙發(fā)上on the sofa 在梳妝臺上on the dresser 在墻上on the wall 在地板上on the floor 在書柜里in the bookcase 在課桌下under the desk 在床底下under the bed 在椅子底下under the chair 我不知道。I don’t know.一本數(shù)學(xué)書a math book 錄像帶video tape 一個鬧鐘an alarm clock 帶來bring…to…
湯姆把書給我?guī)鞹om brings the book to me.帶去take…to…
我把書該給我的妹妹。I take the book to my sister.我需要…I need….我需要一本書。I need a book.這些東西these things
我需要這些東西。I need these things.我有…I have…
我有一個夢想I have a dream.我沒有…I don’t have….我沒有一個書包I don’t have a schoolbag.你有…嗎?Do you have…?
你有一個手表嗎?Do you have a watch? 一個足球a soccer ball 踢足球play soccer 一個網(wǎng)球拍a tennis racket 打網(wǎng)球play tennis 一個乒乓球拍a ping-pong bat 一個乒乓球a ping-pong ball 打乒乓球play ping-pong 打排球play volleyball 打籃球play basketball
做運動play sports 玩電子游戲play computer games 看電視watch TV 在電視上看…watch… on TV 在電視上看籃球比賽watch basketball games on TV 讓我們…吧!Let’s …..讓我們打棒球吧!Let’s play baseball.讓我們一起做運動吧!Let’s play sports.那聽起來很棒!That sounds good / great.那聽起來很有趣!That sounds interesting.很多體育俱樂部many sports clubs 體育收藏sports collection 一項大的體育收藏a great / big sports collection 一項小收藏a small collection 每天/ 每天早上every day/ every morning 每天做運動play sports every day 每個男孩/ 學(xué)生every boy/ student
問題的答案the answer to the question 回答我的問題answer my question
一位跑步明星a running star 許多胡蘿卜lots of carrots 許多沙拉lots of salad 許多雞蛋many eggs 一些雞肉some chicken 一些薯條some French fries 健康食物healthy food 水果和蔬菜fruit and vegetables 對于早餐 晚餐來說for breakfast /dinner我早餐吃漢堡。I have hamburgers for breakfast.你早餐吃什么?What do you have for breakfast? 吃得好eat well 現(xiàn)在幾點?What time is it? What’s the time? 現(xiàn)在8點半。It’s 8 o’clock.去上學(xué)go to school 起床get up 吃早飯eat / have breakfast 洗澡take a shower 做作業(yè)do homework 許多作業(yè)lots of homework 睡覺go to bed 刷牙brush teeth 回家go home 到家get home
到達(dá)get to… 到達(dá)學(xué)校/ 酒店get to school/ the hotel 去工作go to work 工作很長時間work for longs hours 乘坐公交車take a bus 乘坐17路公交車take the No.17 bus
通宵工作work all night 早飯之后after breakfast 下課后after class
放學(xué)后after school 午飯之前before lunch 8點之前before 8 o’clock 一份工作a job 聽音樂listen to music 喜歡做某事love to do sth.喜歡聽音樂love to listen to music 在早上in the morning 在下午in the afternoon 在傍晚/晚上in the evening 在夜間at night 看晨間電視watch morning TV 在6點鐘at six o’clock 幾點…?What time…? 你幾點起床?What time do you get up? 我6點起床。I get up at 6 o’clock.人們通常早上做什么?What do people usually doin the morning?
人們通常什么時候吃晚飯? When do people usuallyeat dinner? 了解關(guān)于…的情況know about 大約下午2點around 2 o’clock pm 然后andthen 學(xué)校開始上課school starts 寫信write a letter 告訴…關(guān)于…tell sb.about sth.告訴我你早上的情況Tell me about your morning 最美好的祝福。Best wishes.最好的朋友best friends 最喜歡的科目favorite subjec6t 我/ 他/ 她最喜歡my/ his /her favorite...我最喜歡的科目是音樂。My favorite subject is music.最喜歡的顏色/城市/食物/運動favorite color/city/food/sport 為什么喜歡…?Why do you like…? 誰是你的科學(xué)老師? Who is your science teacher? 一位英語老師an English teacher 一位美術(shù)老師an art teacher 非常繁忙really / very busy 疲憊的be tired 最后一節(jié)課the last class 一個小時/ 兩個小時an hour/(for)two hours
我打兩個小時的的排球I have volleyball for 2 hours.一位嚴(yán)厲的老師a strict teacher 一項調(diào)查/ 做一項調(diào)查a survey/do a survey 我們必須做一項調(diào)查We must do a survey.在星期一/在周末on Monday/ on weekends 我星期二有美術(shù)課。I have an art class on Tuesday.他的工作是什么?What is his job?= What does he do? 在中國/美國in China/ America 你的愛好是什么?What are your hobbies?
告訴我你在中國的生活tell me about your life in China
第三篇:詞匯復(fù)習(xí)4-11
期末詞匯復(fù)習(xí)卷
班級____________ 姓名_______________
一、單詞中譯英
1、老虎
2、熊貓
3、斑馬
4、蘋果
5、梨
6、桃子
7、芒果
8、外套,上衣
9、短裙
10、(男式)襯衫
11、T恤衫
13、雞蛋
14、茶
16、果汁
17、白色的19、書20、鋼筆
22、圓珠筆
23、文具盒
25、故事書
26、抄寫本
28、小刀
29、小汽車
31、公共汽車
32、動物園
34、女孩
35、父親
37、阿姨,姑姑
38、叔叔,舅舅40、水龍頭
41、鑰匙
43、床
44、桌子
46、椅子
47、沙發(fā)
49、門50、盒子
52、胖的53、長的55、一
56、八
58、十六
59、十七
61、臥室62、書房
64、熱狗65、米飯、蛋糕,餅
15、牛奶
18、藍(lán)色的
21、鉛筆
24、書包
27、修正帶 30、自行車
33、男孩
36、母親
39、兒子
42、收音機(jī)
45、鐘
48、燈
51、電視機(jī)
54、新的57、十四60、十九63、浴室66、面包1267、餡餅68、帽子(有邊的)69、鴨舌帽70、背心71、領(lǐng)帶72、鞋子73、短襪74、皮帶75、足球76、棒球77、鋼琴78、小提琴79、吉它80、游泳81、釣魚82、跑步83、慢跑84、攀登85、溜冰86、滑雪87、劃船
二、單詞英譯中
4.banana___________5.pineapple_________6.watermelon_______ 7.blouse___________8.jacket_____________9.sweater__________ 10.hamburger________11.ice cream__________12.coffee___________ 13.yellow___________14.pencil sharpener_______15.rubber___________ 16.cinema___________17.supermarket__________18.the Great Wall_____ 19.fridge____________20.bookcase____________21.window__________ 22.crayon___________23.stapler__________24.camera_________ 25.grandfather_________26.brother_________27.sister__________ 28.daughter__________29.friend___________30.thirteen_________ 31.dinning-room__________32.kitchen__________33.sitting-room__________ 34.sandwich__________35.soft drink__________36.trousers_________ 37.volleyball__________38.basketball__________39.accordion________
三、詞組中譯英
1、一只黑色的貓_______________
2、一條棕色的狗________________
3、一支白色的鋼筆_______________
4、一件紅色的連衣裙______________
5、一張綠色的課桌_______________
6、一扇藍(lán)色的門_______________
7、一位高個男子_______________
8、一位矮個婦女_______________
9、一個胖男孩_______________
11、一架小飛機(jī)_______________
13、一把長的尺_(dá)______________
15、一輛玩具火車
17、六只書柜
19、我的自行車_______________
21、他的床_______________
23、一杯茶_______________
25、七點鐘
27、九點十分
29、看電視
31、在浴室里
33、一些雞蛋
35、踢足球
37、彈吉它
39、紅色的那一個
四、詞組英譯中
1.get up_______________、一個瘦女孩_______________、一個大公園_______________、一支短鉛筆_______________
16、四只鳥
18、十八輛公共汽車 20、你的短裙_______________
22、她的新外套_______________
24、一杯牛奶_______________
26、二點零五分
28、三點十五分30、在臥室里
32、一些面包
34、十五元
36、打棒球
38、拉小提琴2.go to school_______________12 14
3.go home_______________4.go to bed_______________
5.go to the cinema_______________6.go to the supermarket_____________ 7.have lunch_______________8.come in9.a glass of orange juice_____________10.a cup of coffee_______________ 11.an English girl_______________12.an English book_______________ 13.a Chinese boy_______________15.some cakes_______________17.big eyes_______________29.can’16.from London_______________18.long hair_______________22.close your bookcase ________
第四篇:大二期末詞匯練習(xí)
1.What connotations do you think the word atomic might have for each of the following people?
1)A scientist working in a project to develop industrial use for nuclear power.2)A Japanese resident of Hiroshima.3)A student of nuclear physics Connotation refers to what which a word suggests or implies, traditionally known as connotations(內(nèi)涵).It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language.In the three sentences above, different people have different connotations for the word atomic.For a scientist, something atomic is what he studies, he has a very deep understanding about this field and might also have accumulated many valuable experiences in the relevant experiments.For a Japanese in Hiroshima, he might himself have been involved in the nuclear bomb attack made by the US Air Forces, so may have the connotation of terror, pain, blood and death.However, for a student of nuclear physics, he might be fascinated with the mysterious atomic world and is eager to learn the knowledge on atomic physics 2.What is polysemy? What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation?
3.How do you understand the statement that ‘true synonymy is nonexistent?’
4.Homonyms seem to be similar to Polysemants, but actually they are different.How can we differentiate homonyms from Polysemants?
5.What is hyponymy? What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? 1.What is polysemy? What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation?
Answer: Polysemy refers to a type of sense relation about words which have more than one meaning.Words of this feature are called polysemants or polysemic words.Basically, the development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy follows two courses, traditionally known as radiation and concatenation.They differ from each other in that radiation is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays whereas in concatenation the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally
developed and that which the term had at the beginning.In radiation, the secondary meanings developed are all related to the primary meaning while in concatenation each of the later meanings is only related to the preceding one like chains and sometimes there is no direct connection between the latest sense and the original sense 3.How do you understand the statement that ‘true synonymy is
nonexistent?’
Answer: Synonymy is a sense relation about words which share the same or similar essential meanings and the same part of speech.Since the term ‘meaning’ is multi-faceted and the meaning of a word consists of different types of meanings, it is very difficult to find words which are the same in meaning of all aspects.Even though English does have a very small number of words of this type called absolute synonyms, they are rare in natural languages and therefore some people even claim that ‘true synonymy is nonexistent’.4.Answer: The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants lies in the fact that homonyms refer to different words which happen to share the same form and the latter is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings.One important criterion is to see their etymology.Homonyms are from different sources whereas a polysement is from the same source which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.The second principle consideration is semantic relatedness.The various meanings of a polysement are correlated and connected to one central meaning to a greater or lesser degree.On the other hand, meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meaning all listed under one headword while homonyms are listed as separate entries.5.Answer: Hyponymy is the sense relation that deals with the semantic inclusion, or the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.The general words which include the more specific words are called the superordinate terms while the more specific ones are called subordinate terms.The status either as superordinate or subordinate is relative to other terms.It varies under different circumstances.For example, horse, dog, pig are subordinates in relation to animal, but superordinates of mare, hound and boar
第五篇:期末復(fù)習(xí)
期末復(fù)習(xí)
第1課中國人民站起來了
1、第一屆中國人民政治協(xié)商會議舉行的時間()、地點()、會議通過了《》。內(nèi)容:(1)選舉中華人民共和國中央人民政府委員會,選舉()為中央人民政府主席;
(2)大會決定以()為國旗,以()為國歌,以()為首都后改名為(),采用公元紀(jì)年;(3)決定在首都廣場建立一座()。
2、開國大典的時間(),毛澤東莊嚴(yán)宣告()。
3、新中國成立的意義()。
4、西藏和平解放:()年西藏和平解放,9月人民解放軍進(jìn)駐西藏。
第2課最可愛的人
1、最可愛的人指()。()年10月,以()為司令員的中國人民志愿軍開赴朝鮮前線,同朝鮮軍民一起抗擊美國侵略者。
2、戰(zhàn)斗英雄()、()。
3、抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭是正義的、反侵略戰(zhàn)爭,在朝鮮戰(zhàn)場上中國軍隊五戰(zhàn)五捷,把美國侵略軍趕回到“三八線”。()年7月美國被迫在停戰(zhàn)協(xié)定上簽字。
第3課土地改革
1、土改原因:()
2、中央人民政府于()年頒布了(),它規(guī)定()。
3、()年底,除部分少數(shù)民族以外,全國大陸()上完成了土地改革。
4、意義()。
第4課工業(yè)化起步
1、第一個五年計劃是從()年至()年。
2、基本任務(wù)是:主要是集中發(fā)展(),建立國家工業(yè)化和國防現(xiàn)代化的初步基礎(chǔ);相應(yīng)地發(fā)展();相應(yīng)地培養(yǎng)()。
3、五四年憲法的頒布:()年9月第一屆全國人民代表大會在北京召開。制定了(),憲法規(guī)定我國堅持(),堅持(),一切權(quán)力屬于()。
4、性質(zhì):這是我國第()部()類型憲法,也是我國有史以來真正反映人民利益的憲法。
第5課三大改造
1、三大改造的形式:農(nóng)業(yè)、手工業(yè)采用(),工商業(yè)采用(),對資本家占有的生產(chǎn)資料實行()政策。
2、三大改造的意義:到()年,國家基本完成了對()、()和()的社會主義改造,實現(xiàn)了把生產(chǎn)資料()轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樯鐣髁x()的任務(wù)。我國初步建立起(),從此,進(jìn)入()。
2、一五成就:()。
第6課探索建設(shè)社會主義的道路
1、()年召開的八大確定的任務(wù):集中力量發(fā)展(),實現(xiàn)國家工業(yè)化,逐步滿足人民日益增長的物質(zhì)和文化需要。
2、探索失誤:()年,黨中央提出(),發(fā)動了()和()運動。這使得左的錯誤在全國各地嚴(yán)重泛濫開來,主要標(biāo)志是()()()和()。
3、建設(shè)偉大成就:石油工人(),兩彈元勛(),縣委書記()。
第7課“文化大革命“的十年
1、對文化大革命的態(tài)度:文化大革命是一場內(nèi)亂。(性質(zhì))
2、文革中最大的冤案是()案,可見民主法制被嚴(yán)重踐踏。
3、粉碎江反革命集團(tuán)和文化大革命結(jié)束的時間:()年()月。
第8課偉大的歷史轉(zhuǎn)折
2、民主與法制建設(shè):1980年中共中央決定撤銷文化大革命中強加給()的種種罪名。1982年頒布了第()部《中華人民共和國憲法》,1986年又頒布了《》,此后,全國人大有通過了《》《》《》等一些列法律?;旧闲纬闪艘裕ǎ楹诵牡闹袊厣纳鐣髁x法律體系,我國逐步走向()的道路。
第9課改革開放
1、改革先從()開始:采?。ǎ┬问?。
附:農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革是建立在公有制基礎(chǔ)上的,目的是沖破阻礙生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的人民公社,說明要保持社會主義制度旺盛的生命力,必須改革不適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)力的生產(chǎn)關(guān)系。采取家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制大大提高了農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)積極性。
2、對外開放:從1980年設(shè)立4個經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū):廣州的()、()、(),福建的();后來我們又開放了()()等()個沿海開放城市,增設(shè)了()經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū),設(shè)立()開發(fā)區(qū)。()已發(fā)展成為國際化的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心和金融中心?,F(xiàn)在我們形成了()—()—()—(),這樣一個全方位、多層次、寬領(lǐng)域開放格局。
3、國企改革:從1985年起,城市改革全面展開,重點是()的改革。主要在三個方面進(jìn)行,把原來單一的公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展為以()為主體的多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展;對國有企業(yè)實行(),逐步擴(kuò)大企業(yè)的()自主權(quán),實行經(jīng)營責(zé)任制;實行()為主多種分配方式并存的制度。
第10課建設(shè)有中國特色社會主義
1、社會主義初級階段基本路線:(),簡稱為()。
2、改革開放總設(shè)計師():鄧小平理論是實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的根本保證和指導(dǎo)思想,成為馬克思主義在中國發(fā)展的新階段。因為第一次系統(tǒng)的解決了()()等一系列基本問題。
3、在中國共產(chǎn)黨的第()次全國代表大會上,把鄧小平理論確立為黨的指導(dǎo)思想。
1、十一屆三中全會:()年底,內(nèi)容:(),意義:()。
第11課民族團(tuán)結(jié)
1、民族關(guān)系:中國是有()個民族組成的統(tǒng)一多民族國家。在長期的歷史發(fā)展中形成了()的關(guān)系,并逐漸形成了以漢族為主體的各民族()的分布特點。
2、處理少數(shù)民族關(guān)系的政策:處理少數(shù)民族關(guān)系的原則:()()()。
3、政治上實行()制度,在()時候提出的,正式確立是在()年《中華人民共和國憲法》。我國建有()個省級自治區(qū)()、()、()、()、()和許多自治州、自治縣。
4、意義:()。
5、經(jīng)濟(jì)上------各民族共同繁榮發(fā)展:
表現(xiàn):西藏--我國五大牧區(qū)之一;()莫力達(dá)瓦達(dá)斡爾族自治旗----國家商品糧基地;()--第二大橡膠基地,隨著改革開放的深入我國又提出了()戰(zhàn)略,使我國的西部出現(xiàn)了大開發(fā)、大發(fā)展的新氣象。大批援藏干部的杰出代表是()被藏族群眾譽為“活菩薩”。
第12課香港和澳門的回歸
1、一國兩制的構(gòu)想是()針對()問題提出的。目的是實現(xiàn)祖國統(tǒng)一。
2、一國兩制的含義是:()。
3、香港、澳門回歸:
原因:中國經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速發(fā)展、綜合國力增強、國際地位提高。
過程:1984年底,中英簽署聯(lián)合聲明,中國于()年()月()日對香港恢復(fù)行使主權(quán)。1987年4月,中葡簽署聯(lián)合聲明,中國于()年()月()日對澳門恢復(fù)行使主權(quán)。
第13課海峽兩岸的交往
1、推進(jìn)祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)(對臺方針的變化):新中國成立后,明確提出()臺灣;20世紀(jì)50年代中期,爭?。ǎ┓绞浇夥排_灣;改革開放后,形成了“(),()”的對臺基本方針;1995年初,()提出發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)和平統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的()主張,這是新時期推進(jìn)祖國統(tǒng)一進(jìn)程的指導(dǎo)思想。
2、海峽兩岸關(guān)系的變化:()年,臺灣當(dāng)局調(diào)整()政策,()年隔絕狀態(tài)被打破;1990年,成立()(臺),1991成立()(中);()年,兩會就海峽兩岸均堅持()原則(即“九二共識”)。
3、1993年,汪()辜()會談在()舉行。雙方將()()寫入?yún)f(xié)議,標(biāo)志著海峽兩岸關(guān)系邁出歷史性重要一步。
4、()年3月以來,臺灣政局發(fā)生變化。
5、日益密切交往現(xiàn)狀:兩岸人員往來以及經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等領(lǐng)域的交流蓬勃發(fā)展。海峽兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)上()()的局面初步形成。
4、意義:()。
第14課鋼鐵長城
1、海軍:新中國成立前夕,建立第一支海軍();新中國成立后,又相繼建立()、()、()艦隊;1971年,自行研制出();()年,研制出第一艘核潛艇;()世紀(jì)()年代,海軍現(xiàn)代化水平有了明顯提高,兵種:水面艦艇部隊、潛艇部隊、海軍航空兵、海軍陸站隊等。
2、空軍:空軍建立初,參加()戰(zhàn)爭,擊落敵軍戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)()多架,()擊落美國王牌飛行員的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī);()年,仿制成功第一架國產(chǎn)(),又制造出殲擊機(jī)、轟炸機(jī)、強擊機(jī)。
3、戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)彈部隊:擔(dān)任任務(wù)是();20世紀(jì)50年代研制導(dǎo)彈核武器;()年組建戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)彈部隊,導(dǎo)彈核武器包括中程、遠(yuǎn)程、洲際導(dǎo)彈。
第15課獨立自主的和平外交
1、和平共處五項基本原則:
背景:新中國的外交政策是();國際形勢:①第一個與我國建立外交關(guān)系的國家是(),第一年與我國建立外交關(guān)系的國家有()個,②以()為首的帝國主義國家對我國采取外交孤立政策
2.和平共處五項基本原則首次提出:()年,中印就()問題;正式確立是()年,中?。偫硎牵┚挘偫硎牵┌l(fā)表聯(lián)合聲明。
3.和平共處五項原則的內(nèi)容:()。
4.和平共處五項基本原則的意義:()。
5、萬隆會議:時間()年;地點();參加者:亞非獨立國家首腦;特點:();議題:();貢獻(xiàn):周恩來提出“()”方針,促進(jìn)會議的圓滿成功(同:都被帝國主義侵略過,面臨的問題(議題)相同;異:社會制度不同,建設(shè)道路不同。)
5.萬隆精神:()。
第16課外交事業(yè)的發(fā)展
一.中國恢復(fù)聯(lián)合國合法席位:
1.時間:()年()月()日,第()屆聯(lián)合國代表大會。
2.意義:中國外交的重大勝利,有利于中國在國際事務(wù)中發(fā)揮重大作用。
二.中美關(guān)系正常化:
1.背景:中國國際地位的提高;國際形勢變化;兩國共同要求。
2.過程:⑴()年7月,()秘密訪華;⑵()年2月,()訪華,簽署《》。⑶()年,中美正式建交。
3.影響:中美兩國二十多年的對抗結(jié)束了,兩國關(guān)系()。
三.中日建交:()年,日本首相()訪華。接著出現(xiàn)許多國家與中國建交熱潮。
四.中國承辦亞太經(jīng)合組織會議(簡稱:)
1.背景:改革開放以來,隨著社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的迅速發(fā)展和綜合國力的提高。
2.時間:()年10月21日;地點:()科技館
3.參加者:布什(美)、普京(俄)等()位國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。
4.主題:()。
5.內(nèi)容:()。
6.意義:()。
五.中國加入世界貿(mào)易組織(WTO):()年11月
意義:加入世貿(mào)有助于加強我國與世界各國個地區(qū)經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)系,為我國對外開放擴(kuò)展了新空間。標(biāo)志著我國對外開放事業(yè)進(jìn)入一個新的階段。
第17課科學(xué)技術(shù)成就
(一)1、()年10月16日,我國第一顆原子彈爆炸成功了。同年我國設(shè)計的()在西北地區(qū)進(jìn)行飛行試驗,獲得成功。1966年10月,裝有()的中進(jìn)程地地導(dǎo)彈點火發(fā)射成功。
2、()年我國成功的發(fā)射了第一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星(),成為繼(),世界上第()個能獨立發(fā)射人造地球衛(wèi)星的國家。
3、我國多次發(fā)射()和(),又多次發(fā)射()衛(wèi)星,將衛(wèi)星成功的收回地面。
4、1999年,我國成功發(fā)射第一艘無人飛船()。2003年,中國成功發(fā)射第一艘載人飛船()。()年中國成功發(fā)射神舟六號載人飛船。
5、2001年,國家科學(xué)技術(shù)獎勵大會在北京隆重舉行,()主席親自把國家最高科學(xué)技術(shù)獎頒發(fā)給水稻專家(),以表彰他的突出貢獻(xiàn)。
6、()年在世界上首次育成()雜交水稻,比普通水稻增產(chǎn)()以上,被稱為(),他本人也被國際農(nóng)學(xué)界譽為()。
第18課科學(xué)技術(shù)成就
(二)1、1986年3月,四位老科學(xué)家聯(lián)合向中共中央寫了一封信,題為()。
2、《863計劃綱要》選擇()()()()()()(),1996年又將()列為計劃的()領(lǐng)域。
3、20世紀(jì)末,人類進(jìn)入了高度的信息化時代,以()為主要特征的數(shù)字化正在改變著世界,引起經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的深刻變化。
4、2004年,全球上網(wǎng)用戶已達(dá)到()億,其中()以上是青少年。
5、中國古代有“秀才不出門,便知天下事”的說法,今天這種說法已經(jīng)通過()變成了現(xiàn)實。
6、科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力是()提出來的。
7、國家有關(guān)部門制定了(),公約的頒布標(biāo)志著我國青少年有了較為完備的網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為道德規(guī)范。
第19課改革發(fā)展中的教育
1、新中國成立后,特別是改革開放以來,教育事業(yè)有很大發(fā)展。黨和政府尤其重視()的發(fā)展。
2、1986年頒布實施了(),到()年,全國基本上實現(xiàn)了普及()。
3、20世紀(jì)90年代以來,黨和政府實施()的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,明確提出(),把()作為科教興國的(),并要求實施(),全面貫徹黨的教育方針,培養(yǎng)()()()()全面發(fā)展的社會主義事業(yè)建設(shè)者和接班人。
4、20世紀(jì)90年代,為迎接新世紀(jì)的挑戰(zhàn),教育部啟動了將()()等若干所大學(xué)建設(shè)成世界一流大學(xué)和高水平大學(xué)的工作。
5、高等學(xué)校的科學(xué)技術(shù)工作成績顯著。他們承擔(dān)的國家863計劃項目,占()以上,獲得國家發(fā)明獎,占全國()左右。
第20課百花齊放 推陳出新1、1956年,中國共產(chǎn)黨提出了()()的方針,文學(xué)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作出現(xiàn)了嶄新的局面。
2、毛澤東對學(xué)生提出()的要求。面向全體學(xué)生,以增強學(xué)生體質(zhì)為主的體育課,被列為學(xué)校重點課程。(),國家把體育作為提高全民素質(zhì)的重要內(nèi)容,大力開展全民健身運動。
3、1990年,中國首次成功地舉辦了()。
4、()是中國第一個乒乓球男子單打世界冠軍。
5、射擊運動員()獲得了第一塊奧運會金牌。
第21課人們生活方式的變化
一.衣食住行的變遷:
1.()世紀(jì)末,中國整體進(jìn)入小康社會。
2.改革開放后,衣食住行出現(xiàn)很大變化。解決了中國十幾億人口的溫飽問題。
3.解決交通堵塞的根本措施:()、()、()等硬件設(shè)施。
二.社會保障體系:養(yǎng)老保險、()(最引人注目)、失業(yè)保險、城市低保。
三.人們生活方式變化的原因:
1.改革開放前:經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平低,物質(zhì)匱乏、單調(diào),城鄉(xiāng)居民收入水平低。
2.改革開放后:改革開放,調(diào)動了人們的積極性,社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展了,人們生活水平有了明顯提高。
四.
1、北京申奧成功時間--2001年7月13日
2.名人名言:
“一不為名,二不為利。但工作目標(biāo)要奔世界先進(jìn)水平”、“兩彈元勛”()
“教育要面向現(xiàn)代化,面向世界,面向未來”()
“科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力”()