第一篇：英語(yǔ)基本倫理演講稿 二

1Moral concerns are Being moral isto most people’s concept of human flourishing

Analogy: morality is a lot like

Principal concern:The role of

Disagreement

ProfessionalWe come back to

Morality: a-order set ofandabout how to live a good life Ethics: a-order, conscious on the adequacy of our moral beliefs.The goal of ethical reflection is Thus we seek to determine what will

What makes something aissue?

:duties, rights, human welfare, suffering, character, etc.impartial, compassionate, etc.Imagine a situation in which you see a classmate cheating.There are several elements from a moral point of view:

Some people are hurt by the cheating

There is deception in the situation

Cheating seems to be unfair to those who don’t cheat

There are conflicting values—honesty, loyalty, etc.There are questions of character

Some philosophers have argued that moral issues areby a

particular kind of —terms such as duty, obligation, right, and good.Many philosophers have argued that the moral point of view is ’t give my own interest any special weight.Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill

Other philosophers have seen the , feeling for the suffering of other sentient beings.Josiah Royce: “Such as that is for me, so is it for him, nothing less.”

Moral obligations, some philosophers maintain, are what gives them their distinctive Kant: morality is a matter of categorical imperatives.Moral Categorical Imperatives are

“Never treat people merely as a means to your own ends.“Always respect people as ends in themselves”

“Always act in such a way that you could will that everyone follow the same rule that you are following.”

Philosophers from Aristotle onward have seen the primary focus of to be

Two questions:

What ought I to do?(Kant and Mill)

What kind of person ought I to be?(Aristotle)

Ethics as the of Other People’s

We are often eager to pass judgment on others

Ethics as theand

Ethics often used as a

Hypocrisy: speak behind the mask

Possibility ofother people

The right to The right toand

Aims atwhat isEmphasizes for one’s own lifeof theory:

Describe

Explain

Give strength

Prescribe

Open new possibilities Wonder:

What is : Clear-cut, definitive answers

Ethics is likeOne studieshealth, the other Significantin both fields Still there is a significantground are wrong

第二篇：英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)之基本倫理演講稿

Between Relativism and Absolutism

Ethical Relativism has several important insights:

? The need forand The fact of moral We should not pass judgment on practices in otherwhen we don’tthem Sometimes Reasonable people may Differ on what’s morally acceptable

Two Types of Relativism ? Descriptive ethical relativism

?

? Claims as a matter of fact that different cultures havemoral valuesethical relativism

? Claims that each culture isRelativism: belief that ethical norms depend on individual or cultural beliefs or preferences;beliefAbsolutism: a command that allows no exceptions

Three Questions about the Meaning of Relativism

(1)Whatof morality is relative?

? Behavior Peripheral values Fundamental or Core values

(2)How ?

? All Some None

(3)Relative to What?

? Individuals Cultures Nations Groups

What is relative?

? Behavior

?

?

? Different behaviors may exemplify the same value The same behavior may exemplify different values in different culture ? Obviously some culturally-specific values

? Core Values

? Are there central values found in all cultures?

How much is Relative?

? ?

? ?

Ethical Relativism: Limitations

? Is unhelpful in dealing with overlaps of cultures--precisely where we need help.?

?

?

? Commerce and trade Media World Wide Web All = Most = Relativistic Pluralism Some = Little = Absolutistic Pluralism None =Is ’t judge others, neither can they judge us

Ethical Relativism: Overlapping Cultures, 1

? ? Ethical relativism suggests that we let each culture live as it sees This is only feasible when cultures

Ethical Relativism: Overlapping Cultures, 2

? The actual situation in today’s world is much closer to the diagram.Cultures are constantly

interacting with each other.Ethical Relativism: A Self-Defensive Position

Ethical Absolutism

? ? Absolutism comes in many--including the divine right of kings Absolutism is less aboutwe believe and more about Ethical relativism maintains that wemake moral The corollary of this is that we arein principle cultures Common element:

? There is a single

Ethical Absolutism, 2

? Ethical absolutism is Correct:

? ? ?

Ethical Pluralism

?insights ofrelativism and absolutism:

? ? ? The central challenge: how to live together withandvalues Moral Sees

We do sometimesto make judgments Certain things are However, we need to always be open to what we can learn from others

Ethical Pluralism, 2

Ethical pluralism offers three categories to describe actions:

? ? ? Prohibited: those actions which are not seen as permissible at allthose actions and values in which legitimate differences are possiblea moral vision of what the ideal society would be like

Five Questions

? What is the present state? What is the ideal state? What is the minimally acceptable state? How do we get from the present to the minimally acceptable state? How do we get from the minimum to the ideal state?

Developing Moral Common Ground

Goals

? ?

?

?

? ourselves others the issue ?

?

? agreement where appropriate living with some disagreements changing the situation

第三篇：英文演講稿——基本倫理

On what basis do we make moral decisions?

? “Do what the Bible tells you”---

? “Follow your conscience”

? “Watch out for #1”---

? “Do the right thing”--The Ethics of

? “Don't dis' me”--The Ethics of

? “...all Men are created...with certain unalienable Rights”--The Ethics of

? “Make the world a better place”—

? “Daddy, that’s not fair”--The Ethics of

? “Be a good person”--Ethics

is equivalent to doing whatever the--or the Qur’an or some other sacred text or source of revelation--tells you to do.“What is” equals “What ”

tells us what is right or wrong

Often has a source

May be founded in a notion ofIs often negative in character, telling us what is

Says the only person to look out for is

Moral Purpose is one’s own happiness that requires rational self-interest

Ayn Rand is a Russian-American novelist, philosopher, playwright, and screenwriter The Ethics of Selfishness, The Fountainhead, and Atlas Shrugged

Begins with the , about doing your duty.Duty may be determined by:

-Do what any rational agent should do(Kant)

role-A physician’s duty to care for the sick

’s duty to care for his or her children

Human interactions should beby rules of respect

What counts as respect canfrom one culture to another

Examples:showing the soles of one’s shoes

What is it that merits respect?

The mostnotion of the past two centuries

conditions of human

Seeks tosuffering andpleasure or happiness

Demands a high degree of—we must consider the

consequences for everyone

Utilitarians claim theof morality is to make the world a better place

Begins early in thewith fairness to all family members

What is fair for should be fair for

may not mean treating them the

Seeks to develop individual(not consequences or rules)

Assumespersons will make

Developed byand Socrates was the teacher of Plato.Plato was the teacher of Aristotle.Aristotle was the teacher of Alexander the Great.Aristotle developed Western Philosophy.Only 1/3 of his works survived.Cicero called his style “a river of gold.”

Integral to the tradition

Founded by St Ignatius of Loyola.It follows the teachings of the Catholic Church.Members participate in The Spiritual Exercises to help them more closely follow Christ.Provides a way of all the theories

第四篇：公務(wù)員倫理基本含義

一、公務(wù)員倫理基本含義

（一）公務(wù)員倫理界說(shuō)

（二）公務(wù)員倫理基本問(wèn)題

二、公務(wù)員倫理核心理念

（一）公仆意識(shí)的歷史考察

（二）防止社會(huì)公仆變?yōu)樯鐣?huì)主人

（三）公仆意識(shí)的價(jià)值要素

三、公務(wù)員理論體系架構(gòu)

（一）公務(wù)員倫理規(guī)范體系

（二）行政倫理機(jī)制體系

（三）公共行政倫理問(wèn)題

四、公務(wù)員倫理法制建設(shè) 加強(qiáng)公務(wù)倫理建設(shè)

公務(wù)員倫理是社會(huì)主義倫理在國(guó)家行政實(shí)踐生活中具體體現(xiàn)，是國(guó)家公務(wù)員在行使公共權(quán)力、管理公共事務(wù)、提供公共服務(wù)、履行行政管理職責(zé)活動(dòng)中形成并應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守的原則和規(guī)范。

公務(wù)員倫理的核心理念是“公仆意識(shí)”。“防止國(guó)家和國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)由社會(huì)公仆變?yōu)樯鐣?huì)主人”，是馬克思主義廉政學(xué)說(shuō)的基本原理，也是加強(qiáng)公務(wù)員倫理法制建設(shè)的基點(diǎn)。重視公務(wù)員倫理法制建設(shè)，已經(jīng)成為國(guó)際性的大趨勢(shì)。

國(guó)家公務(wù)員是一種特殊的職業(yè)，代表國(guó)家和政府行使國(guó)家行政權(quán)力，執(zhí)行國(guó)家公務(wù)，組織管理各項(xiàng)行政事務(wù)，肩負(fù)著“治國(guó)”的歷史使命。加強(qiáng)倫理建設(shè)能規(guī)范行政行為，有利于建立勤政廉政機(jī)制，也有利于樹(shù)立政府在公眾心目中的良好形象。

本課程從公務(wù)員倫理基本含義、公務(wù)員核心理念和公務(wù)員倫理法制建設(shè)三大方面，詳細(xì)闡釋了加強(qiáng)公務(wù)員倫理建設(shè)的緊迫性和必要性。旨在幫助公務(wù)員認(rèn)識(shí)加強(qiáng)倫理建設(shè)的重要性，從而能夠自覺(jué)規(guī)范自己的行政行為，做好人民的公仆。

一、公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德概述

（一）公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德內(nèi)涵

（二）公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德的特點(diǎn)

二、公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德主要內(nèi)容

（一）忠于祖國(guó)——立身之本

（二）服務(wù)人民——本質(zhì)要求

（三）恪盡職守——基本素養(yǎng)

（四）公正廉潔——基本品質(zhì)

三、公務(wù)員價(jià)值取向

公務(wù)員，是黨和政府治國(guó)理政的重要力量。公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德，是每一名公務(wù)員應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守的職業(yè)道德規(guī)范和行為準(zhǔn)則。加強(qiáng)公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德建設(shè)，是貫徹落實(shí)“德才兼?zhèn)洌缘聻橄取庇萌藰?biāo)準(zhǔn)，不斷提升公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍職業(yè)道德水平的重要舉措，對(duì)于增強(qiáng)政府和公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍的公信力、鞏固黨的執(zhí)政基礎(chǔ)具有重要意義。

本課程通過(guò)對(duì)公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德的內(nèi)容、特點(diǎn)的介紹，闡釋公務(wù)員應(yīng)具備的正確價(jià)值取向，對(duì)學(xué)員正確認(rèn)識(shí)公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德，如何恪守公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德規(guī)范，把握正確的價(jià)值取向，有重要的指導(dǎo)意義?！九嘤?xùn)收益】

?了解我國(guó)公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德的基本內(nèi)容

?了解我國(guó)公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德的特點(diǎn)

?明確公務(wù)員應(yīng)具備的正確價(jià)值取向

?明確公務(wù)員職業(yè)道德的重要意義

第五篇：英語(yǔ)演講稿二

Insisting

Dear teachers and students,I am honored to have a speech in our school?s 100-year anniversary.Today my topic is insisting.Napoleon said that victory belongs to the people who persist to the last.We all know that nothing in our life can always run smoothly.As the hosts of the 21st century, we students should learn how to face the failures and challenges.So when we are in trouble, we should insist and never give up.Throughout history, most of the successful people did achieve their successes after years of failures and years of insisting.The “invention king”, Edison, invented the storage-battery after experiencing 50 thousand failures.Dickens, a not talented writer, completed the world-famous novel, ?A tale of two cities? after years of observing.The successes have something in common, and the failures have their own excuse.The difference between successful people and ordinary ones is that the former can work hard for many years or for their lives, just because they stick to their ideas and they did it.Now in our daily life, the reason why so many people failed to fulfill the goals or realize the dreams is that they have no spirit of insisting in anything they do.Take myself for example;

every morning the sunshine outside the window warns me that a new day comes and I still have finished nothing.Once I was very interested in Japanese, but I gave it up after a term?s learning.I made up my mind to run three or four circles every night to exercise myself, but I seldom did it.Perhaps this is the main reason why I am still an ordinary girl.A very famous proverb goes that work by fits and starts.Take the postgraduate entrance exam for example.Almost thirty percentages of the college students wanted to get a master?s degree, but not every one can realize it.Generally speaking, those who insist on self-study have more chance to be the winner.If there is anyone here who still doubts that all things are possible, who still wondered that the dreams of ourselves arealive in our heart, who still questions the power of insisting, now it?s your answer, it?s the answer told by your voice from your heart that tells you to insist when you want to give up.It has been a long coming, but one day, maybe just around the Conner.In the future or the future of the future, we will meet a lost of problems which may be far beyond our imagination.I hope all my friends can overcome yourself and just insist, then, the victory belongs to you.That?s all, thank you for your listening.