第一篇:美國第35任總統(tǒng)肯尼迪就職演說
John F.Kennedy INAUGURAL ADDRESS
FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1961
Vice President Johnson, Mr.Speaker, Mr.Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice
President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens, we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom--symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning--signifying renewal, as well as change.For I have sworn I before you and
Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears l prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.The world is very different now.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe--the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans--born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty.This much we pledge--and more.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided, there is little we can do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom--and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up insidect.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help thelves, for whatever period is required--not ause the Communists may be doing it, not ause we seek their votes, but ause it is right.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich./
5To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge--to convert our good words into good deeds--in a new alliance for pross--to assist free men and free
governments in casting off the chains of poverty.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot ome the prey of hostile powers.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose agssion or subversion anywhere in the Americas.And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support--to prevent it from oming merely a forum for invective--to
strengthen its shield of the new and the weak--and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Finally, to those nations who would make thelves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental
self-destruction.We dare not tempt them with weakness.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.But neither can two at and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course--both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.Let us never negotiate out of fear.But let us never fear to negotiate.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms--and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah--to “undo the heavy burdens...and to let the oppressed go free.”
And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.All this will not be finished in the first 100 days.Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.But let us begin.uUlsda E/ 5
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need;not as a call to battle, though embattled we are--but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation”--a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shank from this
responsibility--I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it--and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country.My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.肯尼迪就職典禮
時間:1961年1月20日 地點:國會大廈
今天我們慶祝的不是政黨的勝利,而是自由的勝利。這象征著一個結(jié)束,也象征著一個開端;意味著延續(xù)也意味著變革。因為我已在你們和全能的上帝面前,宣讀了我們的先輩在170多年前擬定的莊嚴誓言。
現(xiàn)在的世界已大不相同了。
人類的巨手掌握著既能消滅人間的各種貧困,又能毀滅人間的各種生活的力量。但我們的先輩為之奮斗的那些革命信念,在世界各地仍然有著爭論。這個信念就是:人的權(quán)利并非來自國家的慷慨,而是來自上帝恩賜。
今天,我們不敢忘記我們是第一次革命的繼承者。讓我們的朋友和敵人同樣聽見我此時此地的講話:火炬已經(jīng)傳給新一代美國人。這一代人在本世紀誕生,在戰(zhàn)爭中受過鍛煉,在艱難困苦的和平時期受過陶冶,他們?yōu)槲覈凭玫膫鹘y(tǒng)感到自豪--他們不愿目睹或聽任我國一向保證的、今天仍在國內(nèi)外作出保證的人權(quán)漸趨毀滅。/
5讓每個國家都知道--不論它希望我們繁榮還是希望我們衰落--為確保自由的存在和自由的勝利,我們將付出任何代價,承受任何負擔,應(yīng)付任何艱難,支持任何朋友,反抗任何敵人。
這些就是我們的保證--而且還有更多的保證。
對那些和我們有著共同文化和精神淵源的老盟友、我們保證待以誠實朋友那樣的忠誠。我們?nèi)绻麍F結(jié)一致,就能在許多合作事業(yè)中無往不勝;我們?nèi)绻制鐚α?,就會一事無成--因為我們不敢在爭吵不休、四分五裂時迎接強大的挑戰(zhàn)。
對那些我們歡迎其加入到自由行列中來的新國家,我們格守我們的誓言:決不讓一種更為殘酷的暴政來取代一種消失的殖民統(tǒng)治。我們并不總是指望他們會支持我們的觀點。但我們始終希望看到他們堅強地維護自己的自由--而且要記住,在歷史上,凡愚蠢地狐假虎威者,終必葬身虎口。
對世界各地身居茅舍和鄉(xiāng)村、為擺脫普遍貧困而斗爭的人們,我們保證盡最大努力幫助他們自立,不管需要花多長時間--之所以這樣做,并不是因為共產(chǎn)黨可能正在這樣做,也不是因為我們需要他們的選票,而是因為這樣做是正確的。自由社會如果不能幫助眾多的窮人,也就無法挽救少數(shù)富人。
對我國南面的姐妹共和國,我們提出一項特殊的保證--在爭取進步的新同盟中,把我們善意的話變?yōu)樯埔獾男袆?,幫助自由的人們和自由的政府擺脫貧困的枷鎖。但是,這種充滿希望的和平革命決不可以成為敵對國家的犧牲品。我們要讓所有鄰國都知道,我們將和他們在一起,反對在美洲任何地區(qū)進行侵略和顛覆活動。讓所有其他國家都知道,本半球的人仍然想做自己家園的主人。
對聯(lián)合國,主權(quán)國家的世界性議事機構(gòu),我們在戰(zhàn)爭手段大大超過和平手段的時代里最后的、最美好的希望所在,我們重申予以支持:防止它僅僅成為謾罵的場所;加強它對新生國家和弱小國家的保護;擴大它的行使法令的管束范圍。
最后,對那些與我們作對的國家,我們提出一個要求而不是一項保證:在科學釋放出可怕的破壞力量,把全人類卷入預(yù)謀的或意外的自我毀滅的深淵之前,讓我們雙方重新開始尋求和平。
我們不敢以怯弱來引誘他們。因為只有當我們毫無疑問地擁有足夠的軍備,我們才能毫無疑問地確信永遠不會使用這些軍備。
但是,這兩個強大的國家集團都無法從目前所走的道路中得到安慰--發(fā)展現(xiàn)代武器所需的費用使雙方負擔過重,致命的原子武器的不斷擴散理所當然使雙方憂心忡忡,但是,雙方卻爭著改變那制止人類發(fā)動最后戰(zhàn)爭的不穩(wěn)定的恐怖均勢。
因此,讓我們雙方重新開始--雙方都要牢記,禮貌并不意味著怯弱,誠意永遠有待于驗證。讓我們決不要由于畏懼而談判。但我們決不能畏懼談判。
讓雙方都來探討使我們團結(jié)起來的問題,而不要操勞那些使我們分裂的問題。
讓雙方首次為軍備檢查和軍備控制制訂認真而又明確的提案,把毀滅他國的絕對力量置于所有國家的絕對控制之下。
讓雙方尋求利用科學的奇跡,而不是乞靈于科學造成的恐怖。讓我們一起探索星球,征服沙漠,根除疾患,開發(fā)深海,并鼓勵藝術(shù)和商業(yè)的發(fā)展。/
5讓雙方團結(jié)起來,在全世界各個角落傾聽以賽亞的訓令--“解下軛上的索,使被欺壓的得自由?!保ㄗⅲ骸妒ソ?jīng)·舊約全書·以塞亞書》第58章6節(jié)。)
如果合作的灘頭陣地能逼退猜忌的叢林,那么就讓雙方共同作一次新的努力;不是建立一種新的均勢,而是創(chuàng)造一個新的法治世界,在這個世界中,強者公正,弱者安全、和平將得到維護。
所有這一切不可能在今后一百天內(nèi)完成,也不可能在今后一千天或者在本屆政府任期內(nèi)完成,甚至也許不可能在我們居住在這個星球上的有生之年內(nèi)完成。但是,讓我們開始吧。公民們,我們方針的最終成敗與其說掌握在我手中,不如說掌握在你們手中。自從合眾國建立以來,每一代美國人都曾受到召喚去證明他們對國家的忠誠。響應(yīng)召喚而獻身的美國青年的墳?zāi)贡榧叭颉?/p>
現(xiàn)在,號角已再次吹響--不是召喚我們拿起武器,雖然我們需要武器;不是召喚我們?nèi)プ鲬?zhàn),雖然我們嚴陣以待。它召喚我們?yōu)橛永杳鞫缲撈鹇L斗爭的重任,年復一年,從希望中得到歡樂,在磨難中保持耐性,對付人類共同的敵人--專制、社團、疾病和戰(zhàn)爭本身。
為反對這些敵人,確保人類更為豐裕的生活,我們能夠組成一個包括東西南北各方的全球大聯(lián)盟嗎?你們愿意參加這一歷史性的努力嗎?
在漫長的世界歷史中,只有少數(shù)幾代人在自由處于最危急的時刻被賦予保衛(wèi)自由的責任。我不會推卸這一責任,我歡迎這一責任。我不相信我們中間有人想同其他人或其他時代的人交換位置。我們?yōu)檫@一努力所奉獻的精力、信念和忠誠,將照亮我們的國家和所有為國效勞的人,而這火焰發(fā)出的光芒定能照亮全世界。
因此,美國同胞們,不要問國家能為你們做些什么,而要問你們能為國家做些什么。全世界的公民們,不要問美國將為你們做些什么,而要問我們共同能為人類的自由做些什么。
最后,不論你們是美國公民還是其他國家的公民,你們應(yīng)要求我們獻出我們同樣要求于你們的高度力量和犧牲。問心無愧是我們唯一可靠的獎賞,歷史是我們行動的最終裁判,讓我們走向前去,引導我們所熱愛的國家。我們祈求上帝的福佑和幫助,但我們知道,確切地說,上帝在塵世的工作必定是我們自己的工作。/ 5
第二篇:美國第35任總統(tǒng)肯尼迪就職演說中英文
美國第35任總統(tǒng)肯尼迪就職演說中英文(全文)John F.Kennedy INAUGURAL ADDRESS FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1961 Vice President Johnson, Mr.Speaker, Mr.Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens, we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom--symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning--signifying renewal, as well as change.For I have sworn I before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears l prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.The world is very different now.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe--the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans--born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty.This much we pledge--and more.To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided, there is little we can do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly 1
supporting their own freedom--and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up insidect.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help thelves, for whatever period is required--not ause the Communists may be doing it, not ause we seek their votes, but ause it is right.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge--to convert our good words into good deeds--in a new alliance for pross--to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot ome the prey of hostile powers.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose agssion or subversion anywhere in the Americas.And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support--to prevent it from oming merely a forum for invective--to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak--and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.Finally, to those nations who would make thelves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.We dare not tempt them with weakness.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.But neither can two at and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course--both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.Let us never negotiate out of fear.But let us never fear to negotiate.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.2
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms--and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah--to “undo the heavy burdens...and to let the oppressed go free.” And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.All this will not be finished in the first 100 days.Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this Administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.But let us begin.uUlsda E In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need;not as a call to battle, though embattled we are--but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation”--a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort? In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shank from this responsibility--I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it--and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country.3
My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.
第三篇:肯尼迪總統(tǒng)就職演說(中英文)
肯尼迪總統(tǒng)就職演說(1961年1月20日)
Inaugural Address of John F.KennedyJanuary 20, 1961
Vice President Johnson, Mr.Speaker, Mr.Chief Justice, President
Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, Reverend Clergy, fellow citizens:
約翰遜副總統(tǒng)、議長先生、首席大法官先生、艾森豪威爾總統(tǒng)、尼克松副總統(tǒng)、杜魯門總統(tǒng)、尊敬的牧師、同胞們:
We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago.我們今天所看到的,并非是某一黨派的勝利,而是自由的慶典。它象征著結(jié)束,亦象征著開始;意味著更新,亦意味著變化。因為我已在你們及萬能的上帝面前,依著我們先輩175年前寫下的誓言宣誓。
The world is very different now.For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe--the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state but from the hand of God.世界已然今非昔比,因為人類手中已經(jīng)掌握了巨大的力量,既可以用來消除各種形式的貧困,亦可用以毀滅人類社會。然而,我們先輩曾為之戰(zhàn)斗的那些革命性的信念還依然在世界上受人爭議——那就是,每個人享有的各項權(quán)利決非來自國家政權(quán)的慷慨賜予,而是出自上帝之手。
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans--born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage--and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.今天,我們不敢有忘,我們乃是那第一次革命的后裔。此時,讓這個聲音從這里同時向我們的朋友和敵人傳達:火炬現(xiàn)已傳遞到新一代美國人手中——他們生于本世紀,既經(jīng)受過戰(zhàn)火的錘煉,又經(jīng)歷過艱難嚴峻的和平歲月的考驗。他們深為我們古老的遺產(chǎn)所自豪——決不愿目睹或聽任諸項人權(quán)受到無形的侵蝕,這些權(quán)利不僅為這個國家始終信守不渝,亦是我們正在國內(nèi)和世界上誓死捍衛(wèi)的東西。
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.讓每一個國家都知道,無論它們對我們抱有善意還是惡意,我們都準備付出任何代價、承受任何重任、迎戰(zhàn)任何艱險、支持任何朋友、反對任何敵人,以使自由得以維系和勝利。This much we pledge--and more.這是我們矢志不移的承諾,且遠不止此!
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.United there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.Divided there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.對于那些與我們共享同一文化和精神源頭的老朋友,我們許以朋友的忠誠。在許許多多的合作事業(yè)中,我們會盡己所能以促進我們的團結(jié),而決不故意制造分裂,因為我們不敢輕易面對由分歧或體系崩潰而導致的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。
To those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny.We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom--and to
remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.對于那些新成立的國家,我們歡迎它們加入自由陣營,并在此許以忠告:某種形式的殖民控制決不會僅僅因為被另一種更為殘酷的霸權(quán)所取代就消聲匿跡。我們不會期待他們始終支持我們的觀點,但我們希望他們能始終堅定地維護他們自己的自由——并且牢記,在過去,那些愚蠢地騎上獨裁的虎背以謀求權(quán)力的人最終都以葬身虎腹而告終。
To those people in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required--not because the communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right.對于那些寄居于大半個地球上的草舍村落、為著掙脫無盡苦難的枷鎖而奮斗的人民,我們承諾將盡我們最大的努力,以使他們獲得自助的能力。因為這是時代對我們提出的要求——不是因為共~產(chǎn)~黨人可能如此行事、不是因為我們需要他們的選票,僅僅是因為這樣做是正當?shù)摹?/p>
If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.如果一個自由的社會不能幫助貧窮的多數(shù),它就不能拯救那富裕的少數(shù)。
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge: to convert our good words into good deeds, in a new alliance for progress, to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas.對于我們的南部鄰邦共和國,我們許以特殊的承諾:將我們的良言轉(zhuǎn)為善行,在為了進步而結(jié)成的新盟邦里,幫助自由的人民和自由的政府擺脫貧困。但這一希翼中的和平革命不能成為敵對勢力的犧牲品,讓我們所有的鄰邦都知道,我們將與他們一道,反對發(fā)生在美洲任何地區(qū)的侵略和顛覆。
And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.讓所有其他勢力都知道,這一半球的人民致力于維護他們作為自己家園主人的地位。
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support--to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.對于那個主權(quán)國家的世界性會議組織——聯(lián)合國,我們最后一次良好祝愿是發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)爭機器遠遠超過和平機器的時代。為了防止它淪為僅僅用來謾罵攻訐的論壇,為了加強它對新成立國家及弱小國家的保障功能、為了擴展其權(quán)力涵蓋的領(lǐng)域,我們現(xiàn)在重申對它的支持承諾。Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace--before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.最后,對于那些主動站到我們敵對面的國家,我們提出的不是許諾,而是懇求:在被科學釋放出的、黑暗的破壞力量以有計劃的或偶然性的自我毀滅方式吞噬全人類之前,懇求雙方再一次地開始謀求和平的努力。
We dare not tempt them with weakness.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course--both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.So let us begin anew--remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof.我們不敢以軟弱誘惑它們,因為只有當我們的軍備充足到確切無疑的程度時,我們才能確切無疑地肯定它們永遠不會被投入使用。但這兩個強大的國家集團都無法從彼此當前的做法中得到安慰——雙方都背負了過高的現(xiàn)代武器系統(tǒng)的成本、雙方都理所當然地對致死性原子武器的持續(xù)擴散感到驚恐不安,但雙方都競相改變不確定的恐怖均衡,這種均衡恰恰抑制了人類最后攤牌的沖動。
Let us never negotiate out of fear.But let us never fear to negotiate.讓我們永遠不要因為懼怕而談判,讓我們永遠不要懼怕談判。
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.讓雙方探尋那些能將我們團結(jié)在一起的因素,而不是那些刻意挑出那些分裂我們的因素。Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms, and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.讓雙方首先提出認真細致的方案來核查及控制軍備,并將毀滅其他國家的絕對力量置于所有國家的絕對控制之下。
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.讓雙方努力去激發(fā)科學的奇跡,而非科學的恐怖。讓我們一同探索星空、征服沙漠、消除疾病、開發(fā)海洋深處,鼓勵藝術(shù)和商業(yè)。
Let both sides unite to heed, in all corners of the earth, the command of Isaiah--to “undo the heavy burdens...[and] let the oppressed go free.”
讓雙方在世界每一個角落,都共同信守《圣經(jīng).以賽亞書》中的教誨——“卸下重負……讓被壓迫者自由。”
And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor--not a new balance of power, but a new world of law--where the strong are just, and the weak secure, and the peace preserved.如果合作的灘頭堡能夠遏制重重猜疑,讓雙方攜手進行新的努力——不是為了建立新的勢力均衡,而是為了建立新的規(guī)則體系——以使強者正義,弱者安全,和平維系
All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.Nor will it be finished in the first one thousand days;nor in the life of this Administration;nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet.But let us begin.所有這些工作將不會在從現(xiàn)在起的一百天、一千天內(nèi)完成,也不會在本屆行政分支任期內(nèi)完成,甚至可能不會在我們的有生之年完成,但是,請讓我們現(xiàn)在開始工作。
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course.Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty.The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.我的同胞們,我們事業(yè)的最終成敗將掌握在你們的手中而不僅僅是我的手中。從這個國家被創(chuàng)建那天起,每一代美國人都被召喚去證實自己對國家的忠誠。那些響應(yīng)號召獻身國家的年輕美國人的安息之所遍布全球。
Now the trumpet summons us again--not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need--not as a call to battle, though embattled we are--but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.現(xiàn)在,召喚的號角又一次吹響——不是號召我們扛起武器,雖然武器是我們所需要的——也不是號召我們?nèi)⒓討?zhàn)斗,雖然我們準備戰(zhàn)斗——而是號召我們年復一年地去進行一場漫長而未分勝負的搏斗,在希望中歡樂,而患難中忍耐,以反對人類共同的敵人:暴政、貧困、疾病以及戰(zhàn)爭本身。
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
為了反對這些敵人,我們能夠?qū)⒛戏脚c北方、東方與西方團結(jié)起來,熔鑄成一個偉大的和全球性的聯(lián)盟,以確保全人類得享更為成果累累的生活嗎?你們愿意參與這項歷史性的努力嗎?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shrink from this responsibility--I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it.And the glow from that fire can truly light the world.在世界歷史的長河里,只有少數(shù)幾代人被賦予了在自由面臨最大危機時捍衛(wèi)自由的使命,我不會畏縮于這一責任——我歡迎它!我也不相信我們中的任何人會愿意與其他國家的人民或其他世代的人民易地而處。我們在這場努力中所傾注的精力、信念和奉獻將照耀我們的國家以及所有為之獻身的人,火焰所放射出的光芒必將普照全世界。
And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.所以,我的美國同胞們,不要問你的國家為你做了什么,而應(yīng)問你能為你的國家做些什么。My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.我的世界同胞們,不要問美國將為你做些什么,而應(yīng)問我們應(yīng)該一起為了全人類的自由做些什么Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.最后,無論是美國公民還是世界其他國家的公民,請用我們要求于你們的關(guān)于力量和犧牲的高標準來要求我們,本著我們唯一可以指望有所回報的善意良知,依著能最終裁決我們功業(yè)的歷史,讓我們著手領(lǐng)導我們所熱愛的國家,在祈求神的賜福和神的幫助的同時,也能深切體認,在這片土地上,神的工作必定也是我們自己所應(yīng)承擔的使命。
第四篇:美國第16任總統(tǒng)林肯就職演說
美國第16任總統(tǒng)林肯就職演說(全文)
合眾國的公民們:
遵從和政府本身一樣古老的慣例,我在你們面前做一次簡明扼要的演講,并當場立下誓言,這是美國憲法所規(guī)定的在總統(tǒng)“行使職責之前”所要履行的儀式。
我覺得沒有必要探討行政公務(wù),目前沒有特別憂慮或高興的事情。
南部諸州的人民看起來存在著疑慮:共和黨執(zhí)政意味著他們的財產(chǎn)、和平和人身安全將會出現(xiàn)危險。這種疑慮絕無明智的理由。真的,事實是最有力的證據(jù),供大家去檢視。你們可以從他幾乎所有的演講中發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點——就是現(xiàn)在在你們面前演講的這人。我只能從這些演講中挑選一篇,當時我發(fā)表宣言——我并不企圖,直接地或間接地去干涉蓄奴州的慣例。我相信我沒有這樣做的合法權(quán)力,我也不傾向這樣去做。
提名和選舉我的這些人完全清楚,我已做了這個聲明和許多類似聲明,而且決不改變;不僅如此,在政綱宣言中,我接納選舉人的一項清晰明確的決議,這對他們、對我都是一個法律,我現(xiàn)在宣讀一遍:
決議:保持各州的權(quán)利不被褻瀆,特別是各州依靠自己的獨立判斷去命令和管理自身機構(gòu)的權(quán)利,這種權(quán)力平衡是必要的,能保證我們的政體盡善盡美和持久長遠;我們公開抨擊,用非法武力去侵犯各州或準州的土地的行為,不論用何種托詞,都是最大的惡行。
我現(xiàn)在重申這些主張,只是向公眾表明一個最鮮明的事實,沒有哪個地區(qū)的財產(chǎn)、和平和安全會受到即將上任的政府的蓄意侵犯。我還要加上一句,不論出于何種理由,只要各州的要求合法,政府都會高興地給予與憲法和法律一致的保護——對各州不會厚此薄彼。
對于遣返逃避服兵役和服勞役者這個問題有很多分歧。現(xiàn)在我宣布一個條款,這個條款和任何其他條款一樣都是標明在憲法里:
任何據(jù)一州之法律在該州中服役或服勞役之人逃往另一州,不能根據(jù)另一州任何法律或條例判決,而解除其服役或服勞役,而應(yīng)依照有權(quán)要求該項服役或服勞役之當事一方的要求,把該人遣送。
毫無疑問,這一條款的訂立者是要求歸還我們通常所說的逃亡奴隸,法律制訂者的目的就是法律。所有國會議員都宣誓擁護整個憲法——這個條款和其他條款一樣遵守。因此對于適合這一條款情況的奴隸“應(yīng)該遣送”,他們的誓言是相同的?,F(xiàn)在,如果他們平心靜氣地作一番努力的話,為何不能用差不多相同的看法,去通過一項法律,使得這一致的宣誓長久地保有?
這一條款是由國家還是由州政府來實施,有著不同的看法,但實際上這并非什么很重要的問題。如果這個奴隸要遣返,那么不管哪個官方來實施,對他或其他人來說,都是沒有影響的。對于怎樣去履行一個誓言,任何人在任何情況下怎會只因一個非實質(zhì)性的爭論而不去信守諾言,誰愿意這樣呢?
再說:在這個問題上,處于文明和人道的法律體系中,就不能把捍衛(wèi)自由的任何法律讓人人知曉,以便一個自由人不會在任何情況下被當作一個奴隸遣送?而同時,憲法的這一條款的法律執(zhí)行不也是得到了貫徹嗎?憲法不是保證“每一個州的公民擁有其他州公民一樣的基本人權(quán)和豁免權(quán)”嗎?
今天我莊嚴宣誓,既無保留意見,也不用苛求的尺度去分析憲法或法律。我現(xiàn)在不能做這樣的選擇:國會的某些特別法案要去徹底實施。但我做一個建議,不論是正式和私下場合上,配合和服從還未撤消的所有法令會更為安全,不要指望違背憲法而觸犯其中一項會不受懲處。在我們的國家憲法約束之下,從第一位總統(tǒng)任職開始到現(xiàn)在已有72年了。其間有15位性格各異和非常卓越的公民先后執(zhí)掌了政府的行政部門。他們克服了許多艱難險阻管理著政府部門,一般而言都贏得了偉大的成就。繼承這些前人的經(jīng)驗和智慧,在這偉大而特殊的困境中,我擔當起同樣的工作,去度過憲法規(guī)定的四年短暫任期。聯(lián)邦的分裂,以前只是一種威嚇,如今卻是難以避免的侵襲了。
我相信在普通法和憲法中各州構(gòu)成的聯(lián)邦是永恒存在的。在所有國家政府的基本法中如果沒有明確指出這種永恒性,那也暗含著這一點。可以斷定,沒有一個合法政府為它的基本法規(guī)定了終結(jié)的期限。不斷地執(zhí)行我們國家憲法明文規(guī)定的條款,聯(lián)邦將會永遠存續(xù),這不可能終結(jié),除非是超越憲法本身的某些行為。
再說:如果合眾國不是一個正規(guī)政府,而只是各州的一個契約性質(zhì)的聯(lián)盟,作為一紙契約,難道就能夠不經(jīng)過所有締約者而無聲無息地失效了嗎?締約的一方可以違反它——或者說,撕毀它——但不是需要所有的締約者才能合法地廢止它嗎?
從這些普遍法則來推理,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)從法律上去考察這種永恒性的主張,已被聯(lián)邦自身的歷史永久地確立。聯(lián)邦比憲法古老得多。事實上,它是在1774年聯(lián)合訂約而成立的。1776年的《獨立宣言》使其完善并延續(xù)下來。1778年聯(lián)合政府條款使其進一步成熟,當時13個州由此明確宣誓和保證聯(lián)邦會永恒存在。最后在1787年,宣布制定和認可憲法的一個目的是“組成一個更完美的聯(lián)邦。”
但如果只由一州或一部分州破壞聯(lián)邦而合法化,那么聯(lián)邦比沒有憲法之前更不完美,它已喪失了永恒性這一要素。
從這些觀點推斷,沒有哪個州能根據(jù)自身意圖就可以合法地脫離聯(lián)邦;所作出的決議和法令在法律上是徒勞的,一州或數(shù)州反抗美國執(zhí)政當局的暴力行動,可依其實際情形,認定為反叛或革命。
從憲法和法律的觀點出發(fā),我認為聯(lián)邦是不可分裂的,我將竭盡全能、精心細致地依據(jù)憲法本身明確授予我的權(quán)力,使聯(lián)邦的法律忠實地在各州得到實施。做到這一點,我認為只是應(yīng)盡的一個基本職責,我將依實際情況來履行它,除非我的合法主人——美國人民限制必要的手段或采取一些鄭重的方式指示我相反的做法。我相信這不會視作一種危害,只是把它視作聯(lián)邦明確表示的意圖,即它要用憲法來維護和延續(xù)自身。
做到這一點并不需要流血或暴力,不會有上述情況發(fā)生,除非國家執(zhí)政者被迫去這樣做。
給予我的權(quán)力將是執(zhí)掌、使用和保有屬于政府的財富和名分,征收普通稅和關(guān)稅;為了這些目標所必需的措施之外的手段,將不會涉及,不會使用暴力去反對或離間任何地區(qū)的人民。要是國內(nèi)任何地方對聯(lián)邦的敵對勢力強大和普遍,因而可以阻擋稱職的公民去就任聯(lián)邦職務(wù),這個地方的人民就不會強迫那位討厭的異類人去任職。盡管政府有充分合法的權(quán)力去執(zhí)行這些職責,但這種實施會引起極大的憤怒,是缺乏洞察力的,因之我認為這段時間暫緩落實這些職責。
郵件,除非是受到拒斥,仍將在聯(lián)邦的各處予以投遞,竭盡所能采取一切辦法,將會使各地人民得到完全安全的感覺,這最有助于從容地思考和反省。這里講述的措施將會予以實施,除非目前的事態(tài)和過去的經(jīng)驗表明需要適當?shù)恼{(diào)整和改變,在任何情況和危機狀態(tài)中,我將極其清醒地履行職責,以應(yīng)對目前的實際形勢,心中懷抱和平解決國家**的信念和希望,恢復友愛和融洽的和諧秩序。
在某些地方有些人尋找各種理由去破壞聯(lián)邦,為得到任何借口而歡欣鼓舞,這是否屬實,我無意肯定也無意否定。但如果真是如此,對他們我不需要去說什么,然而對那些真心愛戀聯(lián)邦的人,我不應(yīng)該說說話嗎?
在進入事關(guān)我們國家組織和它的利益、記憶和希望這樣重大的問題之前,詳細闡釋我們?yōu)楹我槿脒@個問題,不是很明智嗎?當你們要逃避的苦難完全可能并不真正存在,你們愿意如此絕望地走出冒險的一步嗎?比起你們要從一切真實的災(zāi)難旁逃避而言,這種逃避使你們遭遇更為巨大得多的災(zāi)難,你們愿意冒險寄希望于這樣可怕的一個錯誤之上嗎?如果憲法的所有權(quán)利都得到了保障,那么人們都會承認處于聯(lián)邦之中是滿意的。那么現(xiàn)在憲法明文規(guī)定的權(quán)利是否已被否定?是這樣嗎?我想不會。讓人快慰的是,人們的想法是如此的一致,沒有哪一方敢如此大膽行事。想想吧,如果你能,那么就舉出一個憲法明文規(guī)定數(shù)量的威力去剝奪少數(shù)派憲法上明文規(guī)定的權(quán)利,那么從道德上看,革命是有理的;如果這項權(quán)利舉足輕重,那么就更是如此了。但我們這里并非這樣的情形。少數(shù)派和個人的所有重要權(quán)利在憲法中通過保證和拒絕、擔保和禁令這樣的方式得到明確的保證,有關(guān)憲法的爭議從未涉及到這一方面。但從沒有哪一部根本大法能制定出一項特別條款去解決實際行政工作出現(xiàn)的各種問題。既沒有人有如此先見之明,也沒有任何精確適度的文件,能圈定所有可能出現(xiàn)的問題。逃奴是由國家還是州政府去遣送?憲法沒有明確說明,國會是否可以在準州禁止奴隸制?憲法沒有明確說明。國會是否必須在準州內(nèi)維護奴隸制?憲法沒有明文規(guī)定。
從這類問題導致了我們?nèi)康膽椃幷?,我們由此分成了多?shù)派和少數(shù)派。如果少數(shù)派不愿服從,那么多數(shù)派必須讓他們服從,否則政府就此毀滅。不存在其他的可取之道,為了延續(xù)下去政府要從屬一方或另一方。如果少數(shù)派寧愿脫離而不愿服從,他們就制造了一個榜樣,這榜樣反過來將分裂和毀滅他們,因為當他們中的多數(shù)派不愿服從少數(shù)派的支配的話,那么少數(shù)派將從中脫離出去。比如說,一個新聯(lián)盟的任何一個部分一年或兩年以后為什么就不可以隨心所欲地再次脫離呢?目前聯(lián)邦中的某些州宣稱脫離聯(lián)邦不也是這樣?那些堅持分裂意見的人現(xiàn)在正受到這種性質(zhì)的教育。
這些組成新聯(lián)盟的各州存在純粹同一的利益嗎?會做得親密無間,能防止再一次脫離嗎?
很明顯脫離聯(lián)邦的核心觀念是無政府主義。多數(shù)派在憲法的檢驗和約束下執(zhí)掌政權(quán),總
是能隨著大眾那種深思的意見和深厚的情感而順應(yīng)變化,那么這樣的多數(shù)派就是自由人民唯一的真正領(lǐng)袖,誰拒絕它就會陷入無政府狀態(tài)或?qū)V浦?。全體一致是不可能的。少數(shù)人的統(tǒng)治,以長治久安之道而言,是完全不可取的;因此,拒絕多數(shù)人的原則,所剩下的只會是某些形式的無政府狀態(tài)和專制。
我并沒有忘記一些人提出的設(shè)想——把憲法問題交給最高法院來裁斷,我也不否認這類裁斷在任何案例中對訴訟當事人及訴訟對象都有約束力,而他們也有權(quán)在所有同類案件中受到政府所有其他部門非常高的敬意和重視。盡管在司法中這類裁斷可能出現(xiàn)錯誤,仍會產(chǎn)生不良后果,但局限在特定的案例中,有機會可以去改變,決不會成為其他案例的一個榜樣,比起其他實踐所產(chǎn)生的不良后果,它更容易忍受。與此同時,公正的公民必須坦承,如果政府事關(guān)全體國民的方針無法逆轉(zhuǎn)地由最高法院來裁斷,那么一當這種用于個人訴訟當事人中間的一般訴訟介入的話,人民就會失去了他們自身的主宰地位,到了這個地步,實際上已順從地把人民的政府交到顯赫的大法官手上。從這個觀點看不存在對法官或法庭的指責。對于嚴格地按程序交到他們手中的案件作出裁斷那是他們無法推諉的職責,要是有人尋求把法官的裁斷轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檎我鈭D,這可不是他們的錯誤。
我們國家一部分區(qū)域的人相信蓄奴制是對的,應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去,而另一部分區(qū)域的人相信它是錯的,不應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去。這是唯一本質(zhì)上的分歧。憲法中有關(guān)逃奴的條款和禁止外國奴隸貿(mào)易的法律都得到良好的執(zhí)行,也許,就像人民的道義觀念不完全同意法律本身,但法律仍得到執(zhí)行一樣。對于兩項事實所引起的無趣的法律義務(wù),人民中的絕大多數(shù)是遵從的,很少數(shù)的一部分均予以違反。對于此,我認為,不可能完全予以消除,在一部分地區(qū)分裂出去之后,會比以前更糟。外國奴隸的流入,現(xiàn)在沒有完全消失,但之后會在一部分地區(qū)毫不限制地復蘇過來;而逃亡奴隸,現(xiàn)在只是部分的遣返,但在另一地區(qū),將來是完全不遣返。
就地緣而言,我們不可能分離。我們不能彼此各自遷移開去,也不能建立起不可逾越的高墻隔開彼此。丈夫和妻子可以離婚,不再相見,互不來往,我們國家的不同部分卻不能這樣做。他們不只是要面對面,而且要交往,不管和睦的還是仇視的,彼此必須不停地交往。那么交往在分裂后會比分裂前更為方便或更為適當嗎?外國人之間訂立協(xié)議會比朋友間制定法律更容易嗎?陌生人之間的協(xié)議會比朋友間的法律更為忠實地被執(zhí)行嗎?假設(shè)你要進行戰(zhàn)爭,你不能一直打下去,當雙方損失巨大、毫無所獲時,你會停止戰(zhàn)斗,作為交往的方式,這個完全同一的老問題再次擺在你的面前。這個國家,和它的社會事業(yè)機構(gòu)屬于居住其間的人民。任何時候他們對現(xiàn)政府產(chǎn)生了厭惡,他們可以根據(jù)改進政府的憲法權(quán)利來行動,或者用革命的權(quán)利進行分割或者摧毀現(xiàn)政府。我不可能不知道這些事:許多可敬的和愛國的公民渴望修改國家憲法。盡管我沒有提出修改的建議,但我坦承人民在整個事情上擁有合法的權(quán)利,去運用憲法自身規(guī)定的任一模式;在目前的形勢下,我不會阻礙而會幫助人民運用公正的機會正實行這種權(quán)利。我決心加上一條意見,對我而言,更喜歡人民代表大會的模式,它允許人民自己去提出修正案,它可以代替那種由別人提出的倡議,而人民僅僅被允許贊成或反對的模式,這些倡議并非專門為了人民的意圖而特別選定的,而且不可能像那些人所希望的那樣,僅僅贊成或否決那樣簡單明了。我知道一項憲法修改的提議——這項修正案,畢竟,我沒有看到——國會已經(jīng)通過了,其目的是聯(lián)邦決不能介入各州內(nèi)部機構(gòu),包括人員服役的事宜。為了避開對我已說的發(fā)生誤會,我脫離我的意圖,不再談及特定的修正案,盡管這樣,我還是要說一句,現(xiàn)在把這一條款作為憲法意味的法律,明文確定,不得更改,我并不拒絕這樣做。
最高執(zhí)政官所擁有的一切權(quán)力都來自于人民,他們從未指定他去確立分裂各州的條款。如果他們要做抉擇,他們能夠自己去這樣做,但與執(zhí)政官沒有什么干系。他的職責是管理他執(zhí)掌的政府,把政府毫無損害地傳遞到他的繼任者。
為何不對人民最終的裁斷抱著堅毅的信任?在這世界里就沒有更好或同等的希望了?在我們當前的分歧中,雙方就不相信自己是正確的?如果統(tǒng)率萬國的萬能之主,帶著他的永恒真理和正義,站在你們北方這邊,或站在你們南方那邊,經(jīng)過美國人民這位偉大法官的裁決,真理和正義將真正地大白于天下。
作為我們賴以生存的政府機構(gòu),人民為了避免傷害明智地只給予他們的公務(wù)員一點點權(quán)力,同樣高明的是規(guī)定只隔很短的時間就把那點權(quán)力收回到他們自己手中。當人民保有正直的品性和警醒的心靈,即便行政機構(gòu)極度腐敗或愚蠢都不能在四年的短暫舞臺上,對政府造成非常嚴重的損害。
我的國人們,所有人一起冷靜地、好好地思考這整個問題。沒有價值的事情會隨著時間而消失。如果你們中任何一個人慌慌忙忙對一個目標邁出了熱情沖動的一步,這一步你絕對沒有經(jīng)過深思熟慮,這個目標隨著時間流逝而無法抵達,不好的目標只能受到挫敗。你們當中不滿的人仍擁有古老的憲法,它未受到損害,再者還可以微妙地表明,你們有自己在憲法之下的法律;而新政府如果有心,也沒有直接權(quán)力去改變其中任何一項。如果表明不滿的人在這場爭論中占據(jù)了正確的一邊,也沒有單獨的好理由去貿(mào)然行事。理解力、愛國心、基督教精神,還有對上帝的堅定信仰,他從未放棄這塊偏愛的土地——這一切仍可以用最好的方式充分調(diào)解我們目前的全部困難。
在你們的手里,我的同胞,不是在我的手里,握有內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的抉擇權(quán)。政府不會襲擾你們。你們不會受到攻擊,除非你們自己挑釁。你們沒有向天發(fā)誓去毀壞政府,而我要做一個最嚴肅的承諾,要去“維持、保衛(wèi)和支撐它?!?/p>
我不愿意就此結(jié)束。我們不是敵人,而是朋友;我們必須不成為敵人。盡管激情會讓我們的情感關(guān)系扭曲,但沒必要繃斷?;貞浀纳衩刂?,從每一片戰(zhàn)場和愛國者之墓伸展開琴弦,在這寬廣的國土上與每一顆搏動的心房、溫暖的壁爐聯(lián)結(jié)起來,當我們本性中的更為美好的天使——只要他們真的樂意——去再次觸撫琴弦,我們?nèi)詫⑻兆碛诼?lián)邦大合唱之中。
已經(jīng)是三月底了,安德森那里的情況越來越危急,或許現(xiàn)在要塞里的將士們已經(jīng)開始挨餓了。此時的白宮卻正在舉辦總統(tǒng)就任后的第一次大型招待會:身穿一套嶄新燕尾服的林肯和身材姣好、光彩照人的瑪麗站在一處迎接著來賓。上百雙幸災(zāi)樂禍的眼睛在等待著林肯出丑。可今天,他卻一直自然地和眾人聊著天,自始至終表現(xiàn)得十分得體。明天的泰晤士報記者準又能寫出這位新任總統(tǒng)講的許多故事了:關(guān)于他喝醉了的馬車夫,或是他在西部生活時遇到的種種趣事。告辭時,客人們或許還會想,當前的局勢似乎還并不太危險。事實上,這歌舞升平的一幕不過是林肯有意安排,避人耳目的。招待會期間,他就以十分嚴肅的態(tài)度通知了各位部長,當晚要召開一次緊急會議。招待會結(jié)束之后,部長們都留了下來,林肯通知大家說,斯科特將軍催他們趕快放棄薩姆特要塞,問大家該怎么辦。那天晚上,每位部長回家時,心里都一定是忐忑不安的。幾個小時之后,也就是第二天一早,他們還要再去參加一次會議,聽取總統(tǒng)的意見。林肯決定派一艘船給要塞運送給養(yǎng);在此之前要通知南部的官方,船只不過是給要塞里斷了口糧的將士們送糧食的。倘若南方反應(yīng)正常,那么一舉兩得:一則
政府的聲望得到了保障,再則要塞內(nèi)官兵性命也都保住了;若是南方真像幾個星期以前所叫囂的那樣,動用起武力來,那么雖然戰(zhàn)爭打響,但挑釁的罪名卻自然而然地落到了南方人的頭上,是他們先放了第一炮,引發(fā)了緊張局勢,他們理應(yīng)為此負責。同時,北方人民的憤怒也會被激了起來,要知道,沒有這種群情激昂,戰(zhàn)爭是打不勝的。
第五篇:原聲徹底模仿-肯尼迪總統(tǒng)就職演說[定稿]
肯尼迪總統(tǒng)就職演說(節(jié)選)
Inaugural Adress In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.I do not shrink from this responsibility-I welcome it.I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it.And the glow from that fire can truly light the world.And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.在世界的歷史長河中,只有少數(shù)幾代人被賦予了這種在遭遇最大危機的時刻保衛(wèi)自由的角色。我絕不在這責任面前退縮;我歡迎它。我不相信我們中間會有人愿意跟別人或別人或別的世代交換地位。我們在這個奮斗過程中所獻出的經(jīng)歷、信念與虔誠,將照亮我們的國家一級所有為國家服務(wù)的人,而從這一火焰閃耀出的光輝必能照亮全世界。
因此,同胞們:不要問你們的國家能為你們做些什么,而要問你們能為國家做些什么。
全世界的公民:不要問美國會為你們做些什么,而應(yīng)問我們在一起能為全人類的自由做些什么。
瘋狂注釋:
1.grant 同意;準予
7.faith 信任;信念 2.defend 防護;防衛(wèi)
8.devotion 奉獻;忠誠 3.maximum 最大程度的 9.endeavor 努力;盡力 4.shrink 退縮
10.light 照亮;使明亮 5.responsibility 責任;職責
11.glow 熾熱;光輝 6.exchange 交換;調(diào)換