第一篇:羅斯福對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講稿
羅斯福:國(guó)會(huì)珍珠港演講
Mr.Vice President,Mr.Speaker,Members of the Senate,and of the House of Representatives:
Yesterday,December 7th,1941--a date which will live in infamy--the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that nation and,at the solicitation of Japan,was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.Indeed,one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in the American island of Oahu,the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleague delivered to our Secretary of State aformal reply to arecent American message.And while this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations,it contained no threat or hint of war or of armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.During the intervening time,the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.I regret to tell you that very many American lives have been lost.In addition,American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francis co and Honolulu
Yesterday,the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night,Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night,Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night,Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night,the Japanese attacked Wake Island.And thi--orning,the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has,therefore,undertaken asurprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.The facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves.The people of the United States
have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.As commander in chief of the Army and Navy,I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.But always will our whole nation remember the character of the onslaught against us.No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion,the American people in their righteou--ight will win through to absolute victory.I believe that Iinterpret the will of the Congress and of the people when Iassert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost,but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.Hostilities exist.There is no blinking at the fact that our people,our territory,and our interests are in grave danger.With confidence in our armed forces,with the unbounding determination of our people,we will gain the inevitable triumph--so help us God.I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday,December 7th,1941,a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.副總統(tǒng)先生、議長(zhǎng)先生、參眾兩院各位議員:
昨天,1941年12月7日——一個(gè)遺臭萬(wàn)年的日期——美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)遭到了日本帝國(guó)??哲娦钪\已久的進(jìn)攻。
合眾國(guó)當(dāng)時(shí)同日本處于和平狀態(tài),并且,根據(jù)日本的請(qǐng)求,當(dāng)時(shí)仍在同該國(guó)政府和天皇進(jìn)行會(huì)談,以期維護(hù)太平洋和平。實(shí)際上,就在日本空軍中隊(duì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始轟炸美國(guó)瓦湖島之后的一小時(shí),日本駐合眾國(guó)大使還向我們的國(guó)務(wù)卿提交了對(duì)合眾國(guó)最近致日方信函的正式答復(fù)。雖然復(fù)函聲稱(chēng)繼續(xù)現(xiàn)行外交談判似已無(wú)用,但并未包含有關(guān)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或武裝進(jìn)攻的威脅或暗示。歷史將會(huì)證明,夏威夷距日本這么遙遠(yuǎn),表明這次進(jìn)攻是經(jīng)過(guò)許多天或甚至許多個(gè)星期精心策劃的。在此期間,日本政府蓄意以虛偽的聲明和表示繼續(xù)維護(hù)和平的愿望來(lái)欺騙美國(guó)。
昨天對(duì)夏威夷島的進(jìn)攻給美國(guó)海陸軍部隊(duì)造成了嚴(yán)重的損害。我遺憾地告訴各位,很多美國(guó)人喪失了生命,此外,據(jù)報(bào),美國(guó)船只在舊金山和火奴魯魯(檀香山)之間的公海上也遭到了魚(yú)雷襲擊。
昨天,日本政府已發(fā)動(dòng)了對(duì)馬來(lái)亞的進(jìn)擊。
昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)襲擊了香港。
昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)襲擊了關(guān)島。
昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)襲擊了菲律賓群島。
昨夜,日本人襲擊了威克島。
今晨,日本人襲擊了中途島。
因此,日本在整個(gè)太平洋地區(qū)采取了突然地攻勢(shì)。發(fā)生在昨天和今天的事證實(shí)了這一點(diǎn)。美國(guó)的人民已經(jīng)形成了自己的見(jiàn)解,并且十分清楚這關(guān)系到我們國(guó)家的安全和生存的本身。
作為三軍總司令,我已指示,采取一切措施保衛(wèi)我們的國(guó)家。
我們整個(gè)國(guó)家都將永遠(yuǎn)記住此次對(duì)我們進(jìn)攻的性質(zhì)。不論要用多長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能戰(zhàn)勝此次蓄謀已久的入侵,美國(guó)人民以自己的正義力量一定要贏得絕對(duì)的勝利。
我現(xiàn)在預(yù)言,我們不僅要做出最大的努力來(lái)保衛(wèi)我們自己,我們還將確保這種形式的背信棄義永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再危及我們。我這樣說(shuō),相信是表達(dá)了國(guó)會(huì)和人民的意志。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,無(wú)庸諱言,我國(guó)人民、我國(guó)領(lǐng)土和我國(guó)利益都處于嚴(yán)重危險(xiǎn)之中。
相信我們的武裝部隊(duì)——依靠我國(guó)人民的堅(jiān)定決心——我們將取得必然的勝利,愿上帝保佑我們!我要求國(guó)會(huì)宣布:自1941年12月7日星期日日本發(fā)動(dòng)無(wú)端的、卑鄙的進(jìn)攻時(shí)起,合眾國(guó)和日本帝國(guó)之間已處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。
第二篇:羅斯福對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講
要求國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)日本宣戰(zhàn)
富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福
副總統(tǒng)先生、議長(zhǎng)先生、各位參議員和眾議員:
昨天,1941年12月7日,將成為我國(guó)的國(guó)恥日。美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)遭到了日本帝國(guó)海、空軍有預(yù)謀的突然襲擊
在此之前,美國(guó)同日本處于和平狀態(tài),并應(yīng)日本之請(qǐng)同該國(guó)政府及天皇談判,指望維持太平洋區(qū)域的和平。
日本空軍部隊(duì)在美國(guó)的瓦胡島。開(kāi)始轟炸一小時(shí)后,日本駐美大使及其同僚居然還向美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿遞交正式復(fù)函,回答美國(guó)最近致日本的一封函件。這份復(fù)函雖然聲言目前的外交談判已無(wú)繼續(xù)之必要,但卻未有威脅的言詞,也沒(méi)有暗示將發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或采取軍事行動(dòng)
夏威夷島距日本的距離說(shuō)明此次襲擊顯然是許多天前甚至幾星期前所策劃的,此事將記錄在案。在此期間,日本政府有意用虛偽的聲明和表示繼續(xù)保持和平的愿望欺騙美國(guó)。日本昨天對(duì)夏威夷群島的襲擊,給美國(guó)海、陸軍造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。我遺憾地告訴你們:許許多多美國(guó)人被炸死。同時(shí),據(jù)報(bào)告,若干艘美國(guó)船只在舊金山與火奴魯魯之間的公海上被水雷擊中。
昨天,日本政府還發(fā)動(dòng)了對(duì)馬來(lái)亞的襲擊。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了香港。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了關(guān)島。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了菲律賓群島。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了威克島。
今晨日本人襲擊了中途島。
這樣,日本就在整個(gè)太平洋區(qū)域發(fā)動(dòng)了全面的突然襲擊。昨天和今天的情況已說(shuō)明了事實(shí)的真相。美國(guó)人民已經(jīng)清楚地了解到這是關(guān)系我國(guó)存亡安危的問(wèn)題。
作為海、陸軍總司令,我已指令采取一切手段進(jìn)行防御。
我們將永遠(yuǎn)記住對(duì)我們這次襲擊的性質(zhì)。
無(wú)論需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去擊敗這次預(yù)謀的侵略,美國(guó)人民正義在手,有力量奪取徹底的勝利。我保證我們將完全確保我們的安全,確保我們永不再受到這種背信棄義行為的危害,我相信這話(huà)說(shuō)出了國(guó)會(huì)和人民的意志。
大敵當(dāng)前,我國(guó)人民、領(lǐng)土和利益正處于極度危險(xiǎn)的狀態(tài),我們決不可稍有懈怠。我們相信我們的軍隊(duì)、我們的人民有無(wú)比堅(jiān)定的決心,因此,勝利必定屬于我們。愿上帝保佑我們。
我要求國(guó)會(huì)宣布:由于日本在1941年12月7日星期日對(duì)我國(guó)無(wú)故進(jìn)行卑鄙的襲擊,美國(guó)同日本已經(jīng)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。
[當(dāng)時(shí)的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)羅斯福(Franklin Delano Roosevelt),在發(fā)生突襲后第二日,在國(guó)會(huì)發(fā)表對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)的著名演說(shuō)--珍珠港演說(shuō)(Pearl Harbor Speech)。美國(guó)人在日本偷襲珍珠港前,對(duì)應(yīng)否加入二次大戰(zhàn)存在分歧,偷襲事件激起民憤,結(jié)果全國(guó)團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái),支持參戰(zhàn)。德國(guó)和意大利亦于3日后,對(duì)美國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)。]
第三篇:羅斯福對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講稿 中英文版(范文)
羅斯福對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講稿 英文版
PEARL HARBOR SPEECH
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
December 8, 1941
To the Congress of the United States:
Yesterday, Dec.7, 1941the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.Very many American lives have been lost.In addition, American ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the Pacific area.The facts of yesterday speak for themselves.The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us.No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.Hostilities exist.There is no blinking at the fact that that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.With confidence in our armed forceswe will gain the inevitable triumph-so help us God.I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec.7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.羅斯福對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講稿中文版
副總統(tǒng)先生、議長(zhǎng)先生、參眾兩院各位議員:
昨天,1941年12月7日——必須永遠(yuǎn)記住這個(gè)恥辱的日子——美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)受到了日本帝國(guó)??哲娡蝗坏男钜獾倪M(jìn)攻。美國(guó)和日本是和平相處的,根據(jù)日本的請(qǐng)求仍在同它的政府與天皇進(jìn)行會(huì)談,以期維護(hù)太平洋和平。實(shí)際上,就在日本空軍中隊(duì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始轟炸美國(guó)瓦湖島之后的一小時(shí),日本駐美國(guó)大使還向我們的國(guó)務(wù)卿提交了對(duì)美國(guó)最近致日方信函的正式答復(fù)。雖然復(fù)函聲稱(chēng)繼續(xù)現(xiàn)行外交談判似已無(wú)用,但并未包含有關(guān)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或武裝進(jìn)攻的威脅或暗示。
歷史將會(huì)證明,夏威夷距日本這么遙遠(yuǎn),表明這次進(jìn)攻是經(jīng)過(guò)許多天或甚至許多個(gè)星期精心策劃的。在此期間,日本政府蓄意以虛偽的聲明和表示繼續(xù)維護(hù)和平的愿望來(lái)欺騙美國(guó)。
昨天對(duì)夏威夷島的進(jìn)攻給美國(guó)海陸軍部隊(duì)造成了嚴(yán)重的損害。我遺憾地告訴各位,很多美國(guó)人喪失了生命,此外,據(jù)報(bào),美國(guó)船只在舊金山和火奴魯魯(檀香山)之間的公海上也遭到了魚(yú)雷襲擊。
昨天,日本政府已發(fā)動(dòng)了對(duì)馬來(lái)亞的進(jìn)攻。昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)進(jìn)攻了香港。
昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)進(jìn)攻了關(guān)島。
昨夜,日本軍隊(duì)進(jìn)攻了菲律賓群島。
昨夜,日本人進(jìn)攻了威克島。
今晨,日本人進(jìn)攻了中途島。
因此,日本在整個(gè)太平洋區(qū)域采取了突然的攻勢(shì)。昨天和今天的事實(shí)不言自明。美國(guó)的人民已經(jīng)形成了自己的見(jiàn)解,并且十分清楚這關(guān)系到我們國(guó)家的安全和生存的本身。
作為陸海軍,總司令,我已指示,為了我們的防務(wù)采取一切措施。
但是,我們整個(gè)國(guó)家都將永遠(yuǎn)記住這次對(duì)我們進(jìn)攻的性質(zhì)。不論要用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能戰(zhàn)勝這次預(yù)謀的入侵,美國(guó)人民以自己的正義力量一定要贏得絕對(duì)的勝利。
我們現(xiàn)在預(yù)言,我們不僅要做出最大的努力來(lái)保衛(wèi)我們自己,我們還將確保這種形式的背信棄義永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)再危及我們。我這樣說(shuō),相信是表達(dá)了國(guó)會(huì)和人民的意志。
敵對(duì)行動(dòng)已經(jīng)存在。無(wú)庸諱言,我國(guó)人民、我國(guó)領(lǐng)土和我國(guó)利益都處于嚴(yán)重危險(xiǎn)之中。
相信我們的武裝部隊(duì)——依靠我國(guó)人民的堅(jiān)定決心--我們將取得必然的勝利,愿上帝幫助我們!我要求國(guó)會(huì)宣布:自1941年12月7日星期日日本發(fā)動(dòng)無(wú)端的、卑鄙的進(jìn)攻時(shí)起,美國(guó)和日本帝國(guó)之間已處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。
第四篇:羅斯福英語(yǔ)演講稿:對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講
羅斯福英語(yǔ)演講稿:對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講(中英對(duì)照)
PEARL HARBOR SPEECH
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
December 8, 1941
To the Congress of the United States:
Yesterday, Dec.7, 1941the United States of
America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.The United States was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of Japan, was still in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the Pacific.Indeed, one hour after Japanese air squadrons had commenced bombing in Oahu, the Japanese ambassador to the United States and his colleagues delivered to the Secretary of State a formal reply to a recent American message.While this reply stated that it seemed useless to continue the existing diplomatic negotiations, it contained no threat or hint of war or armed attack.It will be recorded that the distance of Hawaii from Japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.During the intervening time, the Japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the United States by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.The attack yesterday on the Hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to American naval and military forces.Very many American lives have been lost.In addition, American
ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between San Francisco and Honolulu.Yesterday, the Japanese government also launched an attack against Malaya.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong.Last night, Japanese forces attacked Guam.Last night, Japanese forces attacked the Philippine Islands.Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island.This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway Island.Japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the
Pacific area.The facts of yesterday speak for themselves.The people of the United States have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.As commander in chief of the Army and Navy, I have directed that all measures be taken for our defense.Always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us.No matter how long it may take us to overcome this premeditated invasion, the American people in their righteous might will win through to absolute victory.I believe I interpret the will of the Congress and of the people when I assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.Hostilities exist.There is no blinking at the fact that that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.With confidence in our armed forceswe will gain the inevitable triumph-so help us God.I ask that the Congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by Japan on Sunday, Dec.7, a state of war has existed between the United States and the Japanese empire.要求國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)日本宣戰(zhàn)
富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福
副總統(tǒng)先生、議長(zhǎng)先生、各位參議員和眾議員:
昨天,1941年12月7日,將成為我國(guó)的國(guó)恥日。美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)遭到了日本帝國(guó)海、空軍有預(yù)謀的突然襲擊。
在此之前,美國(guó)同日本處于和平狀態(tài),并應(yīng)日本之請(qǐng)同該國(guó)政府及天皇談判,指望維持太平洋區(qū)域的和平。
日本空軍部隊(duì)在美國(guó)的瓦胡島。開(kāi)始轟炸一小時(shí)后,日本駐美大使及其同僚居然還向美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿遞交正式復(fù)函,回答美國(guó)最近致日本的一封函件。這份復(fù)函雖然聲言目前的外交談判已無(wú)繼續(xù)之必要,但卻未有威脅的言詞,也沒(méi)有暗示將發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或采取軍事行動(dòng)。
夏威夷島距日本的距離說(shuō)明此次襲擊顯然是許多天前甚至幾星期前所策劃的,此事將記錄在案。在此期間,日本政府有意用虛偽的聲明和表示繼續(xù)保持和平的愿望欺騙美國(guó)。
日本昨天對(duì)夏威夷群島的襲擊,給美國(guó)海、陸軍造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。我遺憾地告訴你們:許許多多美國(guó)人被炸死。同時(shí),據(jù)報(bào)告,若干艘美國(guó)船只在舊金山與火奴魯魯之間的公海上被水雷擊中。
昨天,日本政府還發(fā)動(dòng)了對(duì)馬來(lái)亞的襲擊。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了香港。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了關(guān)島。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了菲律賓群島。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了威克島。
今晨日本人襲擊了中途島。
這樣,日本就在整個(gè)太平洋區(qū)域發(fā)動(dòng)了全面的突然襲擊。昨天和今天的情況已說(shuō)明了事實(shí)的真相。美國(guó)人民已經(jīng)清楚地了解到這是關(guān)系我國(guó)存亡安危的問(wèn)題。
作為海、陸軍總司令,我已指令采取一切手段進(jìn)行防御。
我們將永遠(yuǎn)記住對(duì)我們這次襲擊的性質(zhì)。
無(wú)論需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去擊敗這次預(yù)謀的侵略,美國(guó)人民正義在手,有力量奪取徹底的勝利。
我保證我們將完全確保我們的安全,確保我們永不再受到這種背信棄義行為的危害,我相信這話(huà)說(shuō)出了國(guó)會(huì)和人民的意志。
大敵當(dāng)前,我國(guó)人民、領(lǐng)土和利益正處于極度危險(xiǎn)的狀態(tài),我們決不可稍有懈怠。
我們相信我們的軍隊(duì)、我們的人民有無(wú)比堅(jiān)定的決心,因此,勝利必定屬于我們。愿上帝保佑我們。
我要求國(guó)會(huì)宣布:由于日本在1941年12月7日星期日對(duì)我國(guó)無(wú)故進(jìn)行卑鄙的襲擊,美國(guó)同日本已經(jīng)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。
第五篇:羅斯福演講稿
篇一:羅斯福演講稿1 演講全文:pearl harbor address to the nation mr.vice president, mr.speaker, members of the senate, and of the house of representatives: yesterday, december 7th, 1941--a date which will live in infamy--the united states of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan.the united states was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of japan, was still in conversation with its government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the pacific.it will be recorded that the distance of hawaii from japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or evenweeks ago.during the intervening time, the japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the united states by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.the attack yesterday on the hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to american naval and military forces.i regret to tell you that very many american lives have been lost.in addition, american ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between san francisco andhonolulu.yesterday, the japanese government also launched an attack against malaya.last night, japanese forces attacked hong kong.last night, japanese forces attacked guam.last night, japanese forces attacked the philippine islands.last night, the japanese attacked wake island.and this morning, the japanese attacked midway island.japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the pacific area.the facts of yesterday and today speak for themselves.the people of the united states have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.i believe that i interpret the will of the congress and of the people when i assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.hostilities exist.there is no blinking at the fact that our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.with confidence in our armed forces, with the unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph--so help us god.i ask that the congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by japan on sunday, december 7th, 1941, a state of war has existed between the united states and the japanese empire.篇二:中文版羅斯福四大自由演講稿 富蘭克林.羅斯福 四大自由
在一九四一年一月六日致國(guó)會(huì)的咨文中,富蘭克林.羅斯福總統(tǒng)要求國(guó)會(huì)根據(jù)租借法案,把必要的武器裝備提供給那些總統(tǒng)認(rèn)為其防御對(duì)美國(guó)利益至關(guān)重要的國(guó)家。由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)逼近,他宣布了四項(xiàng)「人類(lèi)的基本自由」這項(xiàng)宣布,被認(rèn)為是關(guān)于美國(guó)人民準(zhǔn)備為之奮斗的原則的最簡(jiǎn)要聲明?!澜绱髴?zhàn)在一九一四年驟然爆發(fā)的時(shí)候,這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)我們美國(guó)本身的前途似乎僅有輕微的威脅。但是,隨著時(shí)間的推移,美國(guó)人民開(kāi)始體會(huì)到各民主國(guó)家的淪陷對(duì)我們美國(guó)的民主制度會(huì)意味著什么。
我們無(wú)須過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)凡爾賽和約的缺陷。我們也無(wú)須反復(fù)談?wù)摳髅裰鲊?guó)家處理世界性破壞問(wèn)題的失效。我們應(yīng)該記住,一九一九年的和約與早在慕尼黑會(huì)議以前就開(kāi)始的「和解」(facification)相比,其不公正的程度要小得多;而在那力圖向世界各大洲擴(kuò)展的暴政新秩序下,這種「和解」仍在延續(xù)著。美國(guó)人民堅(jiān)定不移地反對(duì)那種暴政。
每一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者都知道,民主的生活方式目前正在世界各地遭到直接的進(jìn)攻--或者是武力的進(jìn)攻,或者是秘密散布的惡毒宣傳的進(jìn)攻。散布這種宣傳的是那些企圖在仍然維持著和平的國(guó)家中破壞團(tuán)結(jié)挑起不和的人。十六個(gè)月來(lái),這種進(jìn)攻已在數(shù)目驚人的一批大小獨(dú)立國(guó)家中毀掉了整個(gè)民主生活的方式。進(jìn)攻者仍在步步進(jìn)逼,威脅著大大小小的其它國(guó)家?!鳛槟銈兊目偨y(tǒng),執(zhí)行憲法加諸于我的「向國(guó)會(huì)報(bào)導(dǎo)聯(lián)邦情況」的責(zé)任,我認(rèn)為必須向你們報(bào)告,我們國(guó)家和我們民主政治的前途與安全,已經(jīng)和遠(yuǎn)離我們國(guó)境的許多事件不可抗拒地牽連在一起了。
以武力保衛(wèi)民主生存的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),現(xiàn)正在四大洲英勇地進(jìn)行。倘若這場(chǎng)保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)失敗,所有在歐洲、亞洲、非洲和澳洲的人口和一切資源,均將為征服者所控制。這些人口和資源合計(jì)起來(lái),遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)整個(gè)西半球的全部人口和資源的總數(shù)--超過(guò)很多倍……
任何現(xiàn)實(shí)的美國(guó)人都不能期望從一個(gè)獨(dú)裁者的和平中獲得國(guó)際上的寬容,或真正獨(dú)立的恢復(fù),或世界性裁軍,或言論自由,或宗教信仰自由,或者甚至公平的貿(mào)易。這樣的和平?jīng)Q不會(huì)給我們或者我們的鄰國(guó)帶來(lái)任何安全?!改切幵阜艞壔咀杂梢郧笠粫r(shí)安全的人;既不該享有自由,也不該得到安全?!埂?我最近曾指出,現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)可以多么迅速地將武器攻擊帶到我們的身旁,如果獨(dú)裁國(guó)家打贏這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),我們就必須預(yù)計(jì)到這種攻擊的到來(lái)……
當(dāng)務(wù)之急是,我們的行動(dòng)和我們的政策都應(yīng)首先針對(duì)(幾乎是專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì))如何對(duì)付這種來(lái)自國(guó)外的危險(xiǎn),因?yàn)槲覀兯械膰?guó)內(nèi)問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在都已成為這一逼近眉睫的問(wèn)題的一個(gè)部分。正如在國(guó)內(nèi)事務(wù)上,我們的國(guó)策是以尊重國(guó)門(mén)以?xún)?nèi)所有同胞的權(quán)利和尊嚴(yán)的基礎(chǔ),在外交事務(wù)上,我們的國(guó)策也以尊重所有大小國(guó)家的權(quán)利與尊嚴(yán)為依歸。道德的公正原則最后將會(huì)并且也必然會(huì)獲得勝利。我們的國(guó)策是:
第一,在明確表達(dá)公眾意愿以及排除黨派偏見(jiàn)的情況下,我們致力于全面的國(guó)防。
第二,在明確表達(dá)公眾意愿以及排除黨派偏見(jiàn)的情況下,我們決定對(duì)于任何地方反抗侵略致使戰(zhàn)火沒(méi)有燃到我們西半球來(lái)的所有英勇民族,予以全力支持。我們用這種支持,來(lái)表示我們對(duì)民主事業(yè)必勝的決心;我們要加強(qiáng)我國(guó)本身的防御和安全。
第三,在明確表達(dá)公眾意愿以及排除黨派偏見(jiàn)的情況下,我們決定聲明,道德的基本原則和我們對(duì)本身安全的考慮,將永不容許我們默認(rèn)由侵略者所支配和「和解」主義者所贊許的和平。我們知道,持久和平是不能以他人的自由為代價(jià)買(mǎi)來(lái)的……
新情況不斷為我們的安全帶來(lái)新的需要。我將要求國(guó)會(huì)大量增加新的撥款并授權(quán)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行我們已開(kāi)始的工作。
我也要求本屆國(guó)會(huì)授予足夠的權(quán)力與經(jīng)費(fèi),以便制造多種多樣的額外軍需品與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)裝備,供給那些現(xiàn)已與侵略國(guó)實(shí)際作戰(zhàn)的國(guó)家。
我們最有效和最直接的任務(wù),是充當(dāng)他們和我們自己的兵工廠。他們不需人力,他們所需的是價(jià)值以十億美元計(jì)的防衛(wèi)武器。
用不了多久,他們將無(wú)力用現(xiàn)款償付這些防御武器。我們不能也不會(huì)只因?yàn)樗麄儫o(wú)力償付我們知道他們必須擁有的武器,便告訴他們必須投降。我不會(huì)建議由我們貸款給他們,再由他們用該款支付購(gòu)買(mǎi)武器的費(fèi)用--一種需用現(xiàn)金償還的貸款。
我建議由我們?cè)O(shè)法使那些國(guó)家繼續(xù)從美國(guó)取得作戰(zhàn)物資,并使他們的定單與我們自己的計(jì)劃配合起來(lái)。一旦時(shí)刻到來(lái),他們的幾乎全部軍用物資都會(huì)有利于我們自己的防衛(wèi)。
根據(jù)富有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的陸海軍權(quán)威的建議,并且考慮到什么是最有利于我們自身安全,我們可以自由地決定應(yīng)該在國(guó)內(nèi)保留多少,應(yīng)該運(yùn)給我們的外國(guó)朋友多少。他們堅(jiān)定英勇抗敵,使我們贏得時(shí)間為我們自己的防衛(wèi)作準(zhǔn)備。
讓我們對(duì)民主國(guó)家申明:「我們美國(guó)人極為關(guān)懷你們保衛(wèi)自由的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。我們正使用我們的實(shí)力、我們的資源和我們的組織力量,使你們有能力恢復(fù)和維系一個(gè)自由的世界。我們會(huì)給你們送來(lái)數(shù)量日增的艦艇、飛機(jī)、坦克和大炮。這是我們的目標(biāo),也是我們的誓言?!篂榱藢?shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo),我們不會(huì)因獨(dú)裁者的威脅而退縮不前,這些人認(rèn)為我們對(duì)那些膽敢抵抗他們侵略的民主國(guó)家進(jìn)行支持,是違犯國(guó)際公法,是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)行為……
未來(lái)幾代美國(guó)人的幸福,可能要看我們?nèi)绾斡行Ф杆俚厥刮覀兊闹С之a(chǎn)生影響而定。沒(méi)有人知道,我們要面對(duì)的緊急處境是屬于怎樣一種性質(zhì)。在國(guó)家命脈臨危的時(shí)候,國(guó)家的雙手絕對(duì)不能受縛。我們?nèi)w都必須準(zhǔn)備為那種和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)本身一樣嚴(yán)重的非常時(shí)期的要求,作出犧牲。任何阻礙迅速而有效地進(jìn)行防衛(wèi)準(zhǔn)備的事,都必須為國(guó)家的需要讓路……
如同人們并非單靠面包生活一樣,他們也并非單靠武器來(lái)作戰(zhàn)。那些堅(jiān)守我們防御工事的人以及在他們后面建立防御工事的人必須具有耐力和勇氣,而所有這些均來(lái)自對(duì)他們正在保衛(wèi)的生活方式所抱的不可動(dòng)搖的信念。我們所號(hào)召的偉大行動(dòng),是不可能以忽視所有值得奮斗的東西為基礎(chǔ)的。
美國(guó)民主生活的保持是與個(gè)人利害攸關(guān)的,舉國(guó)上下,對(duì)于促使人民明白這一點(diǎn)而做的種種事情,都非常滿(mǎn)意,并且從中汲取了巨大力量。那些事情使我們?nèi)嗣竦臍赓|(zhì)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)起來(lái),重建了他們的信心,也加強(qiáng)了他們對(duì)大家準(zhǔn)備保衛(wèi)的各種制度的忠誠(chéng)。當(dāng)然,現(xiàn)在并非停止考慮各種社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候,這些問(wèn)題都是社會(huì)革命的根本原因,而這種革命則是今天世界的一個(gè)主要因素。
一個(gè)健全鞏固的民主政治的基礎(chǔ)并不神秘。我們?nèi)嗣駥?duì)政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度所抱的基本期望十分簡(jiǎn)單。它們是:給青年和其它人以均等機(jī)會(huì);給能工作的人以工作;給需要保障的人以保障;終止少數(shù)人享有的特權(quán);保護(hù)所有人的公民自由權(quán);在生活水平更普遍和不斷提高的情況下,享受科學(xué)進(jìn)步的成果。
在我們這個(gè)混亂和極端復(fù)雜的現(xiàn)代世界中,這些是決不應(yīng)忽視的簡(jiǎn)單而基本的事項(xiàng)。我們的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治體制的內(nèi)在和持久的力量,取決于它們滿(mǎn)足這些期望的程度。
有不少與我們社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的事項(xiàng),需要立即改善。例如:我們應(yīng)當(dāng)使更多的公民得到老年退休金和失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的保障。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)擴(kuò)大那種使人們得到充分醫(yī)療照顧的機(jī)會(huì)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)制訂一套更好的制度,使那些應(yīng)當(dāng)并需要獲得有薪職業(yè)的人們能夠就業(yè)。
我曾經(jīng)號(hào)召大家作個(gè)人的犧牲。我已得到保證,幾乎每個(gè)美國(guó)人都心甘情愿響應(yīng)我這個(gè)號(hào)召……
在我們力求安定的未來(lái)的歲月里,我們期待一個(gè)建立在四項(xiàng)人類(lèi)基本自由之上的世界。第一是在全世界任何地方發(fā)表言論和表達(dá)意見(jiàn)的自由。
第二是在全世界任何地方,人人有以自己的方式來(lái)崇拜上帝的自由。
第三是不虞匱乏的自由--這種自由,就世界范圍來(lái)講,就是一種經(jīng)濟(jì)上的融洽關(guān)系,它將保證全世界每一個(gè)國(guó)家的居民都過(guò)健全的、和平時(shí)期的生活。
第四是免除恐懼的自由--這種自由,就世界范圍來(lái)講,就是世界性的裁減軍備,要以一種徹底的方法把它裁減到這樣的程度:務(wù)使世界上沒(méi)有一個(gè)國(guó)家有能力向全世界任何地區(qū)的任何鄰國(guó)進(jìn)行武力侵略。
這并不是對(duì)一個(gè)渺茫的黃金時(shí)代的憧憬,而是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代和我們這一代人可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的一種世界的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),這種世界,和獨(dú)裁者想用炸彈爆炸來(lái)制造的所謂「新秩序」的暴政,是截然相反的。
對(duì)于他們那個(gè)新秩序,我們是以一種偉大的觀念--道德秩序來(lái)與之相對(duì)抗的。一個(gè)優(yōu)越的社會(huì),是可以同樣毫無(wú)畏懼地面對(duì)各種征服世界和在國(guó)外制造革命的陰謀的。
自美國(guó)有史以來(lái),我們一直在從事改革--一種永久性的和平革命--一種連續(xù)不斷而靜悄悄地適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的革命--并不需要任何集中營(yíng)或萬(wàn)人冢。我們所追求的世界秩序,是自由國(guó)家間的合作,以及在友好、文明的社會(huì)里共同努力。
這個(gè)國(guó)家,已把它的命運(yùn)交到它千百萬(wàn)自由男女的手里,腦里和心里;把它對(duì)于自由的信仰交由上帝指引。自由意味著在任何地方人權(quán)都是至高無(wú)上的。凡是為了取得或保持這種權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng)的人,我們都予以支持。我們的力量來(lái)自我們的目標(biāo)一致。
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一崇高的觀念,我們是不獲全勝絕不休止的。篇三:羅斯福英語(yǔ)演講稿:對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講
羅斯福英語(yǔ)演講稿:對(duì)日宣戰(zhàn)演講(中英對(duì)照)pearl harbor speech franklin delano roosevelt december 8, 1941 to the congress of the united states: yesterday, dec.7, 1941the united states of america was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the empire of japan.the united states was at peace with that nation and, at the solicitation of japan, was still in conversation with the government and its emperor looking toward the maintenance of peace in the pacific.it will be recorded that the distance of hawaii from japan makes it obvious that the attack was deliberately planned many days or even weeks ago.during the intervening time, the japanese government has deliberately sought to deceive the united states by false statements and expressions of hope for continued peace.the attack yesterday on the hawaiian islands has caused severe damage to american naval and military forces.very many american lives have been lost.in addition, american ships have been reported torpedoed on the high seas between san francisco and honolulu.yesterday, the japanese government also launched an attack against malaya.last night, japanese forces attacked hong kong.last night, japanese forces attacked guam.last night, japanese forces attacked the philippine islands.last night, the japanese attacked wake island.this morning, the japanese attacked midway island.japan has, therefore, undertaken a surprise offensive extending throughout the pacific area.the facts of yesterday speak for themselves.the people of the united states have already formed their opinions and well understand the implications to the very life and safety of our nation.always will we remember the character of the onslaught against us.i believe i interpret the will of the congress and of the people when i assert that we will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make very certain that this form of treachery shall never endanger us again.hostilities exist.there is no blinking at the fact that that our people, our territory and our interests are in grave danger.with confidence in our armed forceswe will gain the inevitable triumph-so help us god.i ask that the congress declare that since the unprovoked and dastardly attack by japan on sunday, dec.7, a state of war has existed between the united states and the japanese empire.要求國(guó)會(huì)對(duì)日本宣戰(zhàn)
富蘭克林·德拉諾·羅斯福
副總統(tǒng)先生、議長(zhǎng)先生、各位參議員和眾議員:
昨天,1941年12月7日,將成為我國(guó)的國(guó)恥日。美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)遭到了日本帝國(guó)海、空軍有預(yù)謀的突然襲擊。
在此之前,美國(guó)同日本處于和平狀態(tài),并應(yīng)日本之請(qǐng)同該國(guó)政府及天皇談判,指望維持太平洋區(qū)域的和平。
日本空軍部隊(duì)在美國(guó)的瓦胡島。開(kāi)始轟炸一小時(shí)后,日本駐美大使及其同僚居然還向美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿遞交正式復(fù)函,回答美國(guó)最近致日本的一封函件。這份復(fù)函雖然聲言目前的外交談判已無(wú)繼續(xù)之必要,但卻未有威脅的言詞,也沒(méi)有暗示將發(fā)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)或采取軍事行動(dòng)。
夏威夷島距日本的距離說(shuō)明此次襲擊顯然是許多天前甚至幾星期前所策劃的,此事將記錄在案。在此期間,日本政府有意用虛偽的聲明和表示繼續(xù)保持和平的愿望欺騙美國(guó)。
日本昨天對(duì)夏威夷群島的襲擊,給美國(guó)海、陸軍造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。我遺憾地告訴你們:許許多多美國(guó)人被炸死。同時(shí),據(jù)報(bào)告,若干艘美國(guó)船只在舊金山與火奴魯魯之間的公海上被水雷擊中。
昨天,日本政府還發(fā)動(dòng)了對(duì)馬來(lái)亞的襲擊。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了香港。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了關(guān)島。
昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了菲律賓群島。昨夜日本部隊(duì)襲擊了威克島。
今晨日本人襲擊了中途島。
這樣,日本就在整個(gè)太平洋區(qū)域發(fā)動(dòng)了全面的突然襲擊。昨天和今天的情況已說(shuō)明了事實(shí)的真相。美國(guó)人民已經(jīng)清楚地了解到這是關(guān)系我國(guó)存亡安危的問(wèn)題。
作為海、陸軍總司令,我已指令采取一切手段進(jìn)行防御。
我們將永遠(yuǎn)記住對(duì)我們這次襲擊的性質(zhì)。
無(wú)論需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間去擊敗這次預(yù)謀的侵略,美國(guó)人民正義在手,有力量奪取徹底的勝利。我保證我們將完全確保我們的安全,確保我們永不再受到這種背信棄義行為的危害,我相信這話(huà)說(shuō)出了國(guó)會(huì)和人民的意志。
大敵當(dāng)前,我國(guó)人民、領(lǐng)土和利益正處于極度危險(xiǎn)的狀態(tài),我們決不可稍有懈怠。
我們相信我們的軍隊(duì)、我們的人民有無(wú)比堅(jiān)定的決心,因此,勝利必定屬于我們。愿上帝保佑我們。
我要求國(guó)會(huì)宣布:由于日本在1941年12月7日星期日對(duì)我國(guó)無(wú)故進(jìn)行卑鄙的襲擊,美國(guó)同日本已經(jīng)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)。