第一篇:中考考點(diǎn)專題歸納11--現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)
中考考點(diǎn)專題歸納—現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)用法
一語(yǔ)法:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1.結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)+ have /has +p.p
主語(yǔ)+ have /has +been +其它
2.判斷詞:①for+一段時(shí)間、since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)、how long 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。②already/yet引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
③ever / never引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
④just / before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
⑤by the time +過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)/ by the end of+過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
⑥次數(shù)/ where is xxx(如果有動(dòng)作用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),如果無(wú)動(dòng)作用has / have gone to xx
⑦in the last / past + 一段時(shí)間。
3.特殊情況:由①中的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的句子中不能用短暫性動(dòng)詞,出現(xiàn)短暫性動(dòng)詞要改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
常見的轉(zhuǎn)化的詞有:die→be deadbuy→haveborrow→keepleave→be away(from)
start→be onjoin→be in+ 組織/ be a member of+ 組織+ 組織
⑷疑問(wèn)句、否定句的做法
英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)中,完成時(shí)態(tài)是最特殊的一類。他們?cè)谧円蓡?wèn)句、否定句時(shí)只需將have / has提前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句,在have / has 后加“not ”構(gòu)成否定。而其余時(shí)態(tài)則需要添加助動(dòng)詞。
特殊:一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系
相同點(diǎn):兩種時(shí)態(tài)都發(fā)生在過(guò)去。
不同點(diǎn):過(guò)去時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去且過(guò)去就結(jié)束,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的過(guò)去沒(méi)有結(jié)束要持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在來(lái)完成或進(jìn)行結(jié)束。
二 語(yǔ)法:過(guò)去完成時(shí)用法
⑴定義:表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
⑵結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ) + had+ p.p
⑶判斷詞:
1.by the end of / by the time + 過(guò)去的某個(gè)動(dòng)作, 主語(yǔ) + had+ p.p
2.by the end of / by the time + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間, 主語(yǔ) + had+ p.p
3.When / before + 一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)的句子,主語(yǔ) + had+ p.p
4.在賓語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)從句的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)而主句的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí),此時(shí)從句的時(shí)態(tài)最終用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
⑷疑問(wèn)句、否定句的做法
英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)中,完成時(shí)態(tài)是最特殊的一類。他們?cè)谧円蓡?wèn)句、否定句時(shí)只需將have / has / had 提前構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句,在have / has / had后加“not ”構(gòu)成否定。而其余時(shí)態(tài)則需要添加助動(dòng)詞。
第二篇:中考英語(yǔ)--過(guò)去完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
注意:過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”.它是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài),只有在和過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)才會(huì)用到。
E.g.By the end of the match,they had kicked two goals.We had already had lunch before we arrived there.其結(jié)構(gòu)是“had+過(guò)去分詞”.它的否定句是在had后邊加not,變一般疑問(wèn)句是把had提前。
E.g.I had reached the station before 9:00 o'clock.I had not reached the station before 9:00 o'clock.Had you reached the station before 9:00 o'clock?
它通常和before,by the end of 等引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
練習(xí)一:
一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.We _____________(paint)the house before we ______________(move)in.2.That rich old man _____________(make)a will before he _____________(die).3.They _____________(study)the map of the country before they ________(leave).4.The robbers _____________(run away)before the policemen_______(arrive).5.I __________(turn off)all the lights before I ____________(go)to bed.6.Paul __________(go)out with Jane after he __________(make)a phone call.7.Tom __________(say)he ___________(read)the book twice.8.Our plan ____________(fail)because we _____________(make)a bad mistake.9.When the chairman ______________(finish)speaking, he _____________(leave)the hall.10.The Reads __ ______(have)lunch when I ________________(get)to their house.11.When I ______________(arrive)at the station, he ____________________(leave).12.We _______________(learn)about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13.I waited until he _______________(finish)his homework.14.We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)15.She ____________(not go)to Qingdao because she ________________(be)there before.16.He ______________(not tell)you the news yet.17.He said he _____________already_________(give)the book to the teacher.18.I ______________(be)to Shanghai before.19.She told me she _________________(be)to Sanya three times.20.She _____________(play)the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).一、單選 When Li Ming hurried home,he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.A has; been sent B had; sent C has; sent D had; been sent 2 We ____five English songs by the end of last term.A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned 3 Han Mei told me she _____lunch,so she was very hungry.A has had B hasn't have C have had D hadn't had 4 By the end of 1976,many buildings _____built in the city.A have been B have C had been D will 5 She _____her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____home.A has left; comes B had left; would come C had left; came D left; had come 6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _____a good drink.A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoying 7 The meeting _____when Mr.Wang _____to school.A has begun;get B has been on;get C had begun;got D had been on;got
二、填空
When I returned home,he _____(leave)。
By ten yesterday evening,she ________(finish)writing.3 He ______(study)English for five years before he came here.4 It ____ _____(stop)raining when I wake up this morning.5 I _____(not read)the book because I had read it before.6 She said she____(be)born in 1992.7 When he _____(come)to China two years ago he found people didn't understand him at all though he ________(learn)some Chinese in his own country.8 I saw Han Mei yesterday.We _____(not see)each other since left Beijing.9 When I got to his home,he_____(go)to bed.10 She asked if Mr.Liu _____ already _____(come)back.練習(xí)一參考答案: 一.用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.had painted...moved 2.had made...died 3.had studied…left4.had run away..arrived5.had turned off …went 6.went …h(huán)ad made 7.said …h(huán)ad read 8 failed …h(huán)ad made 9.(had)finished …left 10.were having/had had …got 11.arrived..had left 12..had learned 13.(had)finished 14.had..done 15 didn't go …h(huán)ad been 16.hasn't told 17 had …given 18.have been 19.had been 20.was playing …was singing 二.句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1.I hadn't sold the ticket when she came.2.She hadn't sung a song to us before she danced.3.They didn't begin to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.4.Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m?
5.Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet? 6.Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport?
7.What had he done when you saw him? 8.What did he do when he had read the note?
9.Why didn't Jack go to the cinema?
10.How long had you/we had the toys before you/we gave them to the child? 11.What had she written by the end of 1960?
12.After we had cooked the dumplings, we ate them up.13.Jim’s father mended the car because it had been broken.14.After we had had our tests, we had a long holiday.15.Before he showed us around the house, he had showed us the picture 練習(xí)二 答案:1D 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 C 6 A 7 C 答案:1 had left 2 had finished 3 had studied 5 didn't read 6 was 7 came had learned 8 hadn't seen 9 had gone 10 had come had stopped
第三篇:一般過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在完成1
)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
時(shí)間狀語(yǔ): every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客觀真理,客觀存在,科學(xué)事實(shí)。
The earth moves around the sun.不受時(shí)間限制的Shanghai lies in the east of China.客觀存在表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái) ?/p>
注意:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中,即使主句是過(guò)去時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例:Columbus proved that the earth is round..3)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性、特征。
I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.※4)由連詞ifunlessbeforeas soon aswhen oncehowever等引起的時(shí)間(條件、讓步)狀語(yǔ)從句,需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示將來(lái)時(shí).第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明的示范性動(dòng)作,表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志,表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況,所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法解析
1.構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞 have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明該謂語(yǔ)是屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍。它和主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過(guò)去分詞是主要的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,說(shuō)明句子的意義。
2.用法
(1)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間,但對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如:
-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你(已經(jīng))吃午飯了嗎? 我剛剛吃過(guò)。(現(xiàn)在我不餓了)
(2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛停止,可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如:He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在這兒教書。(可能還要繼續(xù)教)
I have't seen her for four years.我有四年沒(méi)見到她了。
(3)表示說(shuō)話前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn),一般譯為漢語(yǔ)“過(guò)”,常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
如: I have been to Beijing twice.我去過(guò)北京二次。
3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)
(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍,故不能和過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是,在強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時(shí),可以和一些
表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和 疑
問(wèn)句中。如:We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)。
b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中,表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。
c.用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如just,before,up to now,the past few
years等。
例如:I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見過(guò)她,但記不起在哪里見過(guò)。
He has been there three times the last few days.近幾年他去過(guò)那里三次了。
d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如:now,today,this
morning(month,year,term)等。
例如:-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你見過(guò)他嗎?我 沒(méi)有。
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去過(guò)那里多少次?
(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用,表示動(dòng)作或
狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如:I haven't seen him for two years.但是,像
come,arrive,buy等終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用。要用,必須改為“be(在)”
等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)表述?,F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換:
arrive→be herebegin(start)→be on
die→be dead
fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)
get up→be upgo out→be out
finish →be overput on→wear 或be on
open→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of…
close→be closedgo to school→be a student
borrow→keepbuy→have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know
begin to study→studycome to work→work等
如:He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。
We have studied English for three years.我們(開始)學(xué)英語(yǔ)已三年了。
4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都表示在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)
作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等,而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻
發(fā)生,不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較:
I have lost my new book.我把新書丟了。(現(xiàn)在還未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新書丟了。(昨天丟的,現(xiàn)在找到與否沒(méi)
說(shuō)明)
5.幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)
(1)have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別:have been(to)表示“去過(guò)某地(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了)”,可用于各人稱;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?,常用于第三人稱,前者可與once ,never,several times等連用,后者則不能。如:They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)北京兩次。
He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。
(2)如單純表示一段時(shí)間,或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間,雖有since一詞,也不必用完成時(shí)。
如:It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for twoyears.他父親去世已有三年了。
(3)終止性動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式,已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài),因此可以和
表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
如:I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來(lái),我一直沒(méi)有離
開過(guò)這兒。
第四篇:一般過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在完成對(duì)比練習(xí)
三、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空:
1.She’s _____________(live)here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them ________________(be)in Hong Kong for ten days.3.Both of them ____________(come)to Hong Kong ten days ago.4.Half an hour __________(pass)since the train __________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)her pen.________ you _______(see)it here and there?
6._________ you _____(find)your watch yet?
7.---Are you thirsty?---No I _________just _________(have)some orange.8.We----already _________(return)the book.9.________ they _______(build)a new school in the village?
10.I _____________(not finish)my homework.Can you help me?
11.My father _____(read)the novel twice.12.I _________(buy)a book just now.13.I _________(lost)my watch yesterday.14.My father ___________(read)this book since yesterday
三、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空:
1.lived / has been living
2.have been
3.went
4.has passed;left
5.has lost;have , seen
6.Have , found
7.have , had
8.have , returned
9.Have , built
10.haven’t finished
11.has read
12.bought
13.lost
14.have been reading / has read
第五篇:中考考點(diǎn)
九年級(jí)歷史中考考點(diǎn)
中國(guó)古代史(中考試卷中所占比重小只有2--4分)
考點(diǎn)1 祖國(guó)境內(nèi)的遠(yuǎn)古居民和原始農(nóng)耕文明(名稱,時(shí)間,地區(qū))考點(diǎn)2 春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)諸子百家思想(孔子、孟子)
考點(diǎn)3 禪讓制到世襲制的演變(禹傳子,甲天下)
考點(diǎn)4 夏、商、西周三代的更替(開國(guó)之君,暴君,牧野之戰(zhàn))
考點(diǎn)5 西周分封制禪讓制到世襲制的演變
考點(diǎn)6 青銅文明(司母戊鼎,四羊方尊)
考點(diǎn)7 秦統(tǒng)一六國(guó)和秦始皇加強(qiáng)中央集權(quán)
(統(tǒng)一的時(shí)間,加強(qiáng)中央集權(quán)的措施,影響)
考點(diǎn)8 張騫通西域及絲綢之路
考點(diǎn)9漢武帝的大一統(tǒng)(經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、政治措施)
考點(diǎn)10 江南地區(qū)的開發(fā)(原因)
考點(diǎn)11 北魏孝文帝改革(漢化政策)
考點(diǎn)12 隋唐科舉制唐與吐蕃的交往
(對(duì)科舉制有影響的三位皇帝,文成公主入藏)
考點(diǎn)13 兩宋時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)重心的南移(起止時(shí)間,典型代表)
考點(diǎn)14 成吉思汗統(tǒng)一蒙古及忽必烈建立元朝(時(shí)間,行省制度及影響)
考點(diǎn)15明、清加強(qiáng)君權(quán)清朝維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一(八股取士,文字獄,軍機(jī)處,清朝維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一的措施:西藏、新疆)
考點(diǎn)16 “閉關(guān)鎖國(guó)”及其影響
中國(guó)近代史(中考試卷中有12—16分)
考點(diǎn)1 虎門銷煙(時(shí)間,意義)
考點(diǎn)2 列強(qiáng)的侵略
(鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),八國(guó)聯(lián)軍侵華及重要條約、影響)
考點(diǎn)3 中國(guó)人民的抗?fàn)?/p>
考點(diǎn)4 洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)(19世紀(jì)60—90年代學(xué)技術(shù))
考點(diǎn)5 維新變法(康有為、梁?jiǎn)⒊瑢W(xué)制度)
考點(diǎn)6 孫中山的早期革命活動(dòng)和辛亥革命(學(xué)制度)
考點(diǎn)7 新文化運(yùn)動(dòng)(1915年開始)-----------思想運(yùn)動(dòng)
考點(diǎn)8 五四愛(ài)國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)(1919 年過(guò)程,口號(hào),性質(zhì),意義)
考點(diǎn)9 中共“一大”的召開(1921 年地點(diǎn),中心任務(wù),意義)
考點(diǎn)10 黃埔軍校與北伐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(國(guó)共兩黨第一次合作)
考點(diǎn)11 民主革命道路的探索(南昌起義,秋收起義,井岡山革命根據(jù)地建立)考點(diǎn)12 紅軍長(zhǎng)征(1934—1936年遵義會(huì)議,重要地點(diǎn),意義)
考點(diǎn)13 九一八事變(1931 年9 月18 日)(影響)
考點(diǎn)14 西安事變(1936 年12 月12 日,又稱“雙十二事變”,影響)考點(diǎn)15 抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(1937—1945 年,重要戰(zhàn)役,性質(zhì),影響)
考點(diǎn)16 重慶談判(1945年8—10月,經(jīng)過(guò),影響)
考點(diǎn)17 人民解放戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(重要戰(zhàn)役:挺進(jìn)大別山、三大戰(zhàn)役、渡江戰(zhàn)役,影響)中國(guó)現(xiàn)代史(中考試卷中有14—16分)
考點(diǎn)1 新中國(guó)的成立(時(shí)間,歷史意義,《共同綱領(lǐng)》)
考點(diǎn)2 西藏和平解放(時(shí)間,意義,重要人物)
考點(diǎn)3 抗美援朝(1950年10月—1953年7月,目的,意義)
考點(diǎn)4 土地改革(時(shí)間,重要文件,內(nèi)容,歷史意義)
考點(diǎn)5 “一五”計(jì)劃(1953—1957 年底,重要成就,意義)
考點(diǎn)6 1954 年頒布第一部《中華人民共和國(guó)憲法》(重要地位)
考點(diǎn)7 三大改造(1953—1956 年底,內(nèi)容,歷史意義)
考點(diǎn)8 探索建設(shè)社會(huì)主義的道路(中共八大,1958年總路線,失誤)
考點(diǎn)9 十一屆三中全會(huì)改革開放(會(huì)議的時(shí)間、內(nèi)容、歷史意義,改革在農(nóng)
村和城鎮(zhèn)的措施,經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū),開放格局)
考點(diǎn)10 新中國(guó)民主法制歷程(1982年憲法,義務(wù)教育法………)
考點(diǎn)11 中國(guó)特色的社會(huì)主義理論的形成在(中共十二大,十三大,十四大,十五大)
考點(diǎn)12 現(xiàn)代史上中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的兩次重要的思想解放(關(guān)于真理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題的討論,南方講話)
考點(diǎn)13 “一國(guó)兩制”及港澳回歸 海峽兩岸的交往
(一國(guó)兩制的提出、內(nèi)容、意義、實(shí)踐;兩會(huì))
考點(diǎn)14 民族團(tuán)結(jié)(名族區(qū)域自治制度)
考點(diǎn)15 新中國(guó)的外交歷程(周恩來(lái)的外交成就,中美關(guān)系,中日關(guān)系)
考點(diǎn)16科技成就 兩彈一星秈型雜交水稻“863計(jì)劃” 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 世界近代史(中考試卷中有13—15分)
考點(diǎn)1 文藝復(fù)興(14—16世紀(jì),代表人物及成就,指導(dǎo)思想,影響)
考點(diǎn)2 新航路的開辟(15—16世紀(jì),目的,性質(zhì),人物及地理發(fā)現(xiàn),影響)考點(diǎn)3 英、法、美早期資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命(時(shí)間,性質(zhì),典型事件,歷史意義 英法美重要文獻(xiàn)克倫威爾、華盛頓、拿破侖的主要活動(dòng))
考點(diǎn)4 工業(yè)革命(18世紀(jì)60年代—19世紀(jì)上半期,重要成就,影響)考點(diǎn)5 罪惡的“三角貿(mào)易”(路線,影響)
考點(diǎn)6 殖民地人民的抗?fàn)帲ㄓ《让褡宕笃鹆x,拉丁美洲的獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng),以人物為
重點(diǎn))
考點(diǎn)7 英國(guó)憲章運(yùn)動(dòng)(1836—1848 年,性質(zhì),中心要求)
考點(diǎn)8 馬克思主義的誕生(時(shí)間,標(biāo)志)
考點(diǎn)9 巴黎公社(時(shí)間,性質(zhì),領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,意義《國(guó)際歌》)
考點(diǎn)10 美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(1861—1865 年,性質(zhì),重要文件,歷史意義,林肯)考點(diǎn)11 俄國(guó)、日本的歷史轉(zhuǎn)折(時(shí)間,性質(zhì),改革內(nèi)容,歷史意義,評(píng)價(jià))考點(diǎn)12 第二次工業(yè)革命(19世紀(jì)70年代開始,重要成就,電氣時(shí)代)考點(diǎn)13 帝國(guó)主義之間矛盾的加劇第一次世界大戰(zhàn)(1914—1918年)
考點(diǎn)14 啟蒙運(yùn)動(dòng)(孟德斯鳩,伏爾泰,盧梭)
考點(diǎn)15近代科學(xué)家近代文學(xué)近代藝術(shù)
(牛頓,阿基米德,列夫托爾斯泰,貝多芬)
世界現(xiàn)代史(中考試卷中有16—20分)
考點(diǎn)1 十月革命(時(shí)間,性質(zhì),領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,經(jīng)過(guò),歷史意義)
考點(diǎn)2 新經(jīng)濟(jì)政策及斯大林時(shí)期的建設(shè)和探索(新經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的時(shí)間、內(nèi)容、作
用,斯大林在政治經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的措施,斯大林模式形成標(biāo)志及評(píng)價(jià))
考點(diǎn)3 凡爾賽—華盛頓體系(兩次重要會(huì)議,重要條約,對(duì)凡爾賽-華盛頓體系的評(píng)價(jià))
考點(diǎn)4 1929—1933年資本主義世界經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)(時(shí)間,特點(diǎn),影響)考點(diǎn)5 羅斯福新政(1933年目的,根本原因,影響)
考點(diǎn)6 法西斯勢(shì)力的猖獗(德意日法西斯政權(quán)建立的背景,時(shí)間,專制的表現(xiàn))考點(diǎn)7 慕尼黑陰謀(含義,頂峰,危害)
考點(diǎn)8 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的爆發(fā)和擴(kuò)大(根本原因,重要戰(zhàn)役,時(shí)間)
考點(diǎn)9 世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利二戰(zhàn)的性質(zhì)、影響(世界反法西斯聯(lián)盟成立的時(shí)間、標(biāo)志內(nèi)容、作用,各戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn),二戰(zhàn)勝利的原因)考點(diǎn)10 戰(zhàn)后主要資本主義國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展
1.美國(guó)、西歐、日本經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況
2.歐洲的聯(lián)合(歐盟的成立、作用、影響)
考點(diǎn)11 赫魯曉夫改革蘇聯(lián)的解體東歐劇變(蘇聯(lián)解體的原因、時(shí)間、影響,東歐劇變的表現(xiàn)及啟示)
考點(diǎn)12 印度的獨(dú)立(時(shí)間,印巴分治,遺留問(wèn)題)
考點(diǎn)13中東戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與中東問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性(中東動(dòng)蕩的原因,中東實(shí)現(xiàn)和平的阻礙因素)
考點(diǎn)14“冷戰(zhàn)”政策(背景,冷戰(zhàn)開始的標(biāo)志、表現(xiàn),美蘇爭(zhēng)霸的影響)考點(diǎn)15世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的“全球化”(全球化的表現(xiàn),影響,中國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施)考點(diǎn)16三次科技革命(時(shí)間,重要成就,信息時(shí)代)