第一篇:適合八年級學(xué)生的英語口語問題
1.Some students always have difficulty in learning English well.Do you have some advice to
help them?
2.Would you like to live in the city or in the countryside? Why?
3.Who is your favorite sports star? What do you learn from him/her?
4.Which is your favorite way to travel, by plane, by ship or by train? Why?
5.If your foreign friends come to visit you, where would you like to take them around?
6.What can people do to protect animals in danger?
7.Do you like reading English stories? Why?
8.What can you use a mobile phone to do?
9.More and more people move to big cities so that the population there becomes bigger and
bigger.Why do they move there?
10.What’s the weather like in your hometown?
11.What would you pay attention to(關(guān)注)if you go to another country?
12.If we are inside the classroom, what should we do to protect ourselves when an earthquake
happens?
13.What is your favorite English teacher like?
14.Can you describe an unforgettable experience?
15.Why do some people like making models(模型)?
16.What can you do if your parents are ill?
17.What kind of cartoon do you like? Why?
18.What do you collect in your free time? What do you learn from your hobby?
19.Why do you learn English?
20.Where would you like to go travelling if you have some time off?
21.When your best friend was in trouble, how did you help him/her? Can you tell us a story
between you and your friend?
22.What kind of radio do you listen to? Why?
第二篇:英語口語高頻問題
1.Would you like to say something about your university?
It’s very young,In 2001,three different universities united together and founded a new one called Jiangnan university.Although it is newly founded,it develops quickly.Its campus is newly built,it is very beautiful and large,I believe it will offer us a good circumstances for our studying.Besides,my university has a strong scientific research power.there are many subjects famous in the country.Look back on the years I have spent there,I am really thankful to her for enriching my knowledge and widening my view.I believe my university will have a bright future.2.Tell us something about your major in your university.My major is primary pedagogy in educational science college of Jiangnan university.it is a interesting major,because if you want to be a good teacher,you should learn lots of skills and knowledge,When I was in the university,I have learned many classes which is very interesting,such as writing and painting and so on.through four years of studying,I find it is not a easy job to be a teach.3.What kind of personality do you think you have?
I think I am a strong-minded person.When I was setting a goal,I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.although I failed sometimes,I never regard myself as a loser,because I think I have tried my best to do a good job.I often encourage myself:if I fall down,I will pick myself up,and start again.4.How are you getting along well with classmates?
I get along very well with my classmates.my class just like a big family,when any of us get in trouble.the others will offer all necessary help.also disagreement happened to us.but it wont do harm to our friendship,we often solve problem through discussion and communication.5.What are your great weakness?
6.what are your great strengths?
7.do your have any hobbies?
8.Can you tell me something about your hometown?
9.Can you introduce your family to us?
10.what do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this university?
If luckily I got the chance to further my study here,I will concentrate on study and research in this field.first,I will work hard to therotical knowledge to build a solid foundation for my future study.second,I’d like to do some practical work with the help of my supervisors and classmates.through three years of studying,I will make a good preparation for my future job.11.what’s your biggest problem in learning English?
I think my biggest problem is speaking.I have ideas sometimes,I know what to say in Chinese.but I don’t know how to say in English.I realize the reason is lack of practice.so I will catch every opportunity to practice oral English.just like the old saying goes:the practice makes perfect.I think I will improve my English through my hardwork.12.if you failed this time what will you do in the near future?
I think I am a strong-minded person,I often encourage myself :if I fall down,I will pick myself up,and start again.so if I failed this time.at first,I will communicate with professors about my disadvantages.then I will study hard in next year and do my best to give a good performance next time when I was being here.13.what’s the most important skill you have acquired at college.I think the most important skill I have acquired is the way to communicate with other people.when I was a freshman ,I found it is very hard to adapt to the different environment.not to matter having a good talk with other people.with the help of my teachers and classmates.gradually,I learned how to get along well with other people.I believe this skill will benefit me all my life.14.what course do you like best in the university?
I think the computer science is my favorite course,although it is not my major.I think it is a useful course.the computer can make our work and study much more convenient ,if I can operate computer proficiently,it will bring convenience to me for my study.
第三篇:八年級英語口語訓(xùn)練材料
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八年級英語口語訓(xùn)練材料
一、根據(jù)所給提示用英語進(jìn)行交談 Asking the Way 提示:假如有人問你附近有沒有旅館,你說附近沒有,最近的旅館離這兒約兩公里,最好乘20路或35路公共汽車前往,車站就在街道右邊。
A: Excuse me, is there a hotel near here? B: No, there isn’t.A: How far is the nearest hotel? B: It’s about two kilometers away.A: How can I get there? B: You’d better take a bus.A: Which bus should I take? B: The No.20 bus or the No.35 bus.A: Where’s the bus stop? B: It’s over there on the right.A: Thank you very much.B: You’re welcome.Taking about Zhalong 提示:假如有人詢問有關(guān)扎龍的情況,你回答說,扎龍?jiān)跂|北黑龍江省,它是一個自然保護(hù)區(qū),每年有許多旅游者去那里觀鳥。扎龍給各種不同鳥類提供食物和棲息地,其中包括一些瀕臨滅絕的鳥類。
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鳥兒在那里以蠕蟲、小魚、植物為食。
A: Would you please tell me where Zhalong is? B: It’s in Heilongjiang Province in North-East China.A: Why do a lot of tourists go to Zhalong every year? B: Because it’s a nature reserve.They go there for birdwatching.A: What kind of birds live there? B: Many different kinds of birds live there, including some endangered ones.A: What does the reserve provide for the birds? B: It provides food and shelter for them.A: What do the birds eat there? B: They eat worms, small fish and plants.A: Thank you for telling me so much about Zhalong.At the Doctor’s
提示:假如你感到不舒服,去看病。你告訴醫(yī)生自上星期四以來你一直頭痛,但在過去的幾天里仍每天照樣上學(xué),今天早晨你不想吃東西,也沒有吃過藥。
A: What’s your trouble? B: I’ve got a headache.A: How long have you been like this? B: Since last Thursday.A: Did you go to school in the past few days?
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B: Yes, I did.I went to school as usual every day.A: Did you eat something for breakfast? B: No, I didn’t feel like eating anything.A: Have you taken any medicine? B: No, I haven’t.A: Let me have a look.Oh, you’d better take some medicine and have a rest.Taking about a Favourite Pet 提示:假如你的朋友和你在談?wù)搶櫸铮阏f你最喜歡扇尾金魚,因?yàn)檫@種金魚易于照料,價格不貴。你還說,與一般金魚稍有區(qū)別是扇尾金魚都長著長而漂亮的鰭。你也喜歡鸚鸚,但不喜歡狗,因?yàn)楣钒l(fā)出吠聲,養(yǎng)狗需要悉心照料。
A: What’s your favourite pet? B: Fantail fish, I think.A: Are they different from other goldfish? B: Yes.They look a little different.They have long and beautiful fins.A: Why do you like fantail fish so much? B: Because they’re easy to look after and they aren’t expensive to buy.A: What other pets do you care for? B: I like parrots too, but I don’t like dogs.A: Why not?
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B: They’re noisy and need a lot of care.A: But I like my dog because I can play with him in the park.Making a Telephone Call 提示:假如海倫打電話來找你的同學(xué)李明,李明不在。你在電話中詢問對方是誰,并告訴對方李明剛?cè)曩I書,不知他何時返回,只知道他中午肯定回校吃飯。有事可代為轉(zhuǎn)告。
A: Hello!Could I speak to Li Ming, please? B: I’m afraid he’s out at the moment.Who’s calling, please? A: This is Helen speaking.May I know when he’ll be back? B: Sorry, I don’t know.A: Where has he gone? B: He has just gone to the bookshop to buy some books.A: Will he have lunch at school? B: Yes, he will be back for lunch.A: Can I leave a message? B: Sure.A: Please ask him to give me a ring as soon as he comes back.Talking about the Weather 提示:假如你的朋友出差在外,來電詢問家鄉(xiāng)的天氣情況,你說在下雨,氣溫為攝氏22至29度。你還說這場雨是從星期三下午開始下的,但雨天不會持續(xù)太久,因?yàn)槭找魴C(jī)里說雨隨后就會停。
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A: What’s the weather like in our home town now? B: It’s raining.A: What’s today’s temperature? B: It’s 22 to 29℃.A: When did it begin to rain? B: Last Wednesday afternoon.A: Will the bad weather last long? B: No, it won’t.It’ll get better soon.A: How do you know that? B: The radio says the rain will stop later on.A: Really? I think you can go out for a walk then.Shopping 提示:假如你去商店買東西,你告訴營業(yè)員你要兩雙26碼的短襪,一雙是棕色的,另一雙是白色的,不要其他東西。
A: What can I do for you? B: I’m looking for socks.A: What size are you wearing? B: Size 26.A: How many pairs do you want? B: Two pairs.A: What colour would you like? B: One brown pair, and one white pair.
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A: Is there anything else I can do for you? B: No, nothing else.Thanks.A: OK, here you are.Talking about New Year’s Day
提示:假如你們將在元旦舉行英語晚會,你沒有確定給英語老師什么節(jié)日禮物,你的同學(xué)建議送一張自制賀卡,你認(rèn)為很好,并說要在賀卡上用英語寫上“新年快樂!”
A: What are you going to do on New Year’s Day? B: We’re going to have an English evening party.A: What are you going to give our English teacher for the special day? B: I’m not sure.A: Why not make a card for him? B: That’s a good idea.A: What will you write on it? B: I’ll write “Happy New Year!” A: Will you write the words in English? B: Yes, I will.A: OK.I’ll give him a card, too.二、根據(jù)所給話題和內(nèi)容介紹情況。個人介紹
例一 要點(diǎn)
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1、我叫李雷,15歲。
2、初中七年級學(xué)生,學(xué)習(xí)努力;今夏畢業(yè)。
3、喜歡閱讀和聽音樂,是校足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員;
4、父母來自上海;我在上海出生,但現(xiàn)在我們住在南京。
My name is Li Lei.I’m fifteen years old.I’m a secondary school student.I’m in Grade Seven.I study hard.This summer, I’ll graduate from my school.I love reading and listening to music as well.I’m on the school football team.My parents come from Shanghai.I was born there but we live in Nanjing now.例二 要點(diǎn):
1、李雷是初中七年級學(xué)生,數(shù)學(xué)很好;喜歡玩計(jì)算游戲,喜歡游泳,今夏畢業(yè);
2、禮貌,樂于助人,老師、同學(xué)都喜歡他; 3、1991年出生于上海,全家現(xiàn)在住在南京。
Li Lei is a secondary school student.He’s in Grade Seven.He’s very clever at Maths.Li Lei enjoys playing computer games.He loves swimming.This summer he’ll graduate from school.Li Lei is polite and helpful.Both his teachers and his classmates like him very much.Li Lei was born in Shanghai in 1991.Now his family lives in Nanjing.學(xué)校生活
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例一 要點(diǎn):
1、約翰在倫敦附近的林地學(xué)校8年級讀書;該校是個男女生在一起學(xué)習(xí)的混合學(xué)校;
2、最喜歡的學(xué)科是家政課,喜歡學(xué)烹飪;上這所學(xué)校之前,不知道自己怎樣做事,現(xiàn)在會做健康美味的飯菜;
3、學(xué)校每年有一個“讀書周”,他和他的同學(xué)們喜歡這個“讀書周”,他們可以讀到學(xué)校圖書館的任何一本書。他很喜歡他的學(xué)校。
John is in Year 8 at Woodland School near London.It is a mixed school, where boys and girls have lessons together.His favourite subject is Home Economics.He likes learning how to cook.John did not know how to do things for himself before he came to the school.But now, he can cook healthy and tasty meals.His school has a Reading Week every year.John and his classmates love it.They can read any books from the school library.John loves his school very much.例二 要點(diǎn):
1、南希14歲,在洛基山學(xué)校9年級讀書;
2、放學(xué)后打壘球,每周兩次;喜歡這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動,花很多時間練習(xí);
3、每周一,去“同伴俱樂部”,在那里,她和其他學(xué)生給新生講學(xué)校生活情況;很喜歡這個;同伴朱莉,12年級學(xué)生,曾幫助她全面了解新學(xué)校情況,幫助她完成課外作業(yè),聽她講她關(guān)心的事;朱莉是她的好朋友。
Nancy is 14 years old.She’s in the 9th grade at Rocky Mountain
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School.Twice a week, she plays softball after school.She loves this game and spends a lot of time practicing.Every Monday, Nancy goes to a Buddy Club, where she and other students talk to new students about school life.Nancy enjoys this a lot.Her buddy is Julie, who is a student in the 12th grade.Julie used to help Nancy learn all about her new school.She helped Nancy with her homework and listened to her concerns.Julie is her good friend.飲食與生活
例一 要點(diǎn):
1、為了健康,我改變了飲食;
2、以前,很少吃水果、蔬菜,卻吃許多甜的零食,喜歡糕點(diǎn)、糖果、可樂;
3、我知道甜的零食對我沒有好處;現(xiàn)在,早餐時總吃個蘋果,常喝牛奶;正餐時,通常吃肉和蔬菜;不再吃甜的零食。
4、身體越來越健康,學(xué)習(xí)情況也大大改善了。
I changed my diet because I want to be healthier.Before, I seldom ate fruit and vegetables.I ate a lot of sweet snacks between meals.I liked cakes, sweets and Coke.I know that sweet snacks are not good for me.Now, I always eat an apple for breakfast, and I often drink some milk.I usually eat meat and vegetables for dinner.I do not eat sweet snacks between meals any more.I’m now becoming healthier and healthier.Because of this, my studies have been greatly improved.
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例二 要點(diǎn):
1、以前,李雷喜歡糕點(diǎn)和漢堡包;午餐時,總吃漢堡包,很少吃水果和蔬菜,吃很多甜的零食;
2、現(xiàn)在,因?yàn)橐】?,他已改變了飲食;不再吃快餐食品;早餐時,通常喝果汁吃面包;正餐時,通常吃魚和蔬菜;
3、李雷健康多了,知道改變飲食很重要,對學(xué)習(xí)也有好處。Before, Li Lei loved cake and hamburgers.He always ate hamburgers for lunch.He seldom ate fruit and vegetables, but he ate a lot of sweet snacks.Now, he has changed his diet because he wants to be healthier.He doesn’t eat fast food any more.For breakfast, he usually has some juice and bread.He usually has fish and vegetables for dinner.Li Lei is much healthier now.He knows it’s important to change one’s diet.It does good to his studies as well.野生動物
要點(diǎn):
1、人們都喜歡大熊貓,它們只生活在中國;大熊貓黑白相間,貌似熊,平靜而安祥,吃竹筍、竹葉;
2、現(xiàn)僅存一千只左右,數(shù)目越來越少;
3、熊貓生活的地方正在變在農(nóng)田,人們在取其毛皮而獵捕它們;如此下去,世界上很快將再無熊貓。
All people like giant pandas, which only live in China.Giant pandas are beautiful black-and-white animals.They look like bears.They are quiet
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and peaceful.They eat bamboo shoots and leaves.Now, there are only about a thousand pandas in the world.Their number is getting smaller and smaller, because their living areas are becoming farmlands.Also, people hunt them for their fur.If this continues, soon there will be no giant pandas in the world.例二 要點(diǎn):
1、熊貓寶寶名叫“希望”,出生時重約100克,每天喝母奶長達(dá)14個小時;4個月時重約10千克;6個月時,開始吃竹筍和竹葉;
2、可悲的是,熊貓?jiān)谝巴夂茈y存活;獵人一旦抓住它,就會殺害他們以取其毛皮;農(nóng)夫一旦砍掉樹和森林,熊貓將無生存之處。
3、我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力保護(hù)它們。
The baby panda is called Xi Wang.It means “hope”.When she was born she weighed about 100 grams.She drank her mother’s milk for up to 14 hours a day.At four months, she weighed about 10 kilograms.When she was six months old, she started to eat bamboo shoots and leaves.Sadly, it is difficult for giant pandas to survive in the wild.If hunters catch a giant panda, they will kill it for its fur.If farmers cut down trees and forests, giant pandas will have nowhere to live.We should try our best to protect the giant pandas.最好的朋友
例一 要點(diǎn):
1、我想告訴你關(guān)于我最好的朋友馬克斯的一 些情況:他很高,
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幾乎有1.75米;因?yàn)橐雇碓陔娔X上做太多的工作,視力很差,戴一副小而圓的眼鏡,顯得很精神;
2、很久以來,我們一直是最好的朋友;為人慷慨,愿意與朋友們分享他的東西;任何時候都樂于助人,常幫助我做課外作業(yè),在公共汽車上總將座位讓給需要的人。
I want to tell you about my best friend, Max.He is very tall-almost 1.75 metres.He has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night.He wears small, round glasses and they make him look smart.We have been best friends for a long time.Max is generous.He is willing to share things with his friends.He is also ready to help people any time.He often helps me with my homework.When on the bus, he always gives his seat to people in need.例二 要點(diǎn):
1、凱特是我最好的朋友,她住在我家隔壁,我們做朋友已經(jīng)快10年了;
2、她高而苗條,一頭長發(fā);非常聰明,樂于助;有幽默感,常講笑話逗我笑;
3、長大后想當(dāng)個歌手,周游世界;我們可能不會經(jīng)常見面,但我們將永遠(yuǎn)是最好的朋友。
Kate is my best friend.She lives next door and we have been friends for almost 10 years.Kate is tall and slim.She has long hair.She is a very clever girl.She likes to help people.She has a good sense of humour.She
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often tells funny jokes and always makes me laugh.Kate wants to be a singer and travel around the world when she grows up.If she succeeds, we may not get to see each other often but we will always be best friends.自然災(zāi)難
例一 要點(diǎn):
1、地震開始時我正在購物中心;
2、起先,我感到一陣輕微的搖動穿過體內(nèi);然后,聽到地下像炸彈爆炸一樣的巨響,地開始搖晃;
3、人們四處逃散,我拼命跑到街上;玻璃碎片和磚頭砸了下來,墻也開始坍塌;
4、最后,響聲和搖動都停了下來;周圍一片漆黑,我甚至不知身在何處。
I was in a shopping centre when the earthquake started.At first, I felt a slight shaking through my body.Then I heard a big noise like bombs below the ground.The earth started to shake.People ran in all directions.I tried my best to run out to the street.Pieces of glass and bricks fell down, and the walls began to come down too!Finally, the noise and shaking ended.It was dark around me.I did not even know where I was.例二 要點(diǎn):
1、昨天,暴風(fēng)雪襲擊北京,下午情況更為嚴(yán)重;
2、放學(xué)后,貝蒂和她的妹妹米莉合撐一把傘,向汽車站走去;
3、天氣壞極了,狂風(fēng)在她們四周呼嘯;大雪繼續(xù)下著,突然,一
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陣大風(fēng)從身后刮來,卷走了她們的傘,姐妹倆幾乎跌到,只能在暴風(fēng)雪中慢慢地走向汽車站;
4、最后,她們上了汽車,回家了。
A snowstorm hit Beijing yesterday.It got worse in the afternoon.After school, Betty shared an umbrella with her sister, Millie, and they walked to the bus stop.The weather was really terrible.The wind howled around them.Snow continued to fall around them.Suddenly, a strong wind came from behind.They lost their umbrella in the wind and nearly fell over.They could do nothing but walk slowly in the storm.At last, they got on a bus and went home.
第四篇:八年級英語口語總結(jié)
八年級英語期末口語測試總結(jié)
(2015-2016學(xué)第二學(xué)期)
為不斷促進(jìn)我校英語口語表達(dá)能力的提高,逐漸強(qiáng)化學(xué)生英語綜合語言運(yùn)用能力,激發(fā)學(xué)生說英語、用英語、學(xué)英語的興趣,對我校學(xué)生進(jìn)行英語口語檢測,本次測試內(nèi)容以朗讀八年級的詞匯、課文和句型的問答交流為主。師生積極配合、充分準(zhǔn)備,使本次活動得以順利圓滿地完成?,F(xiàn)將檢測情況總結(jié)如下:
一、具體情況:
此次口語測試,考查學(xué)生對英語詞匯、句子、課文朗讀及日常會話等方面的內(nèi)容。試卷是與教材知識水平相當(dāng)?shù)闹R,強(qiáng)調(diào)語言學(xué)習(xí)的開放性與應(yīng)用性,能較好地檢測出學(xué)生的口語水平。試卷內(nèi)容不多但重點(diǎn)突出,使測試比較省時。
從此次測試中了解到,好的學(xué)生能一氣呵成地完成任務(wù),差的學(xué)生非常膽怯,有的不敢開口,有的聲音較小。今后教師在教學(xué)中應(yīng)多創(chuàng)設(shè)英語教學(xué)情境,營造英語學(xué)習(xí)氛圍,開展豐富的課內(nèi)、外活動,激發(fā)學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)興趣,注重課堂45分鐘教學(xué)的有效性,加強(qiáng)課后教學(xué)內(nèi)容的復(fù)習(xí)與鞏固,鼓勵差生開口說、讀英語,多讀多練;教師要多檢查、多督促、多指導(dǎo)。
二、反思與期待:
這次口語測試雖較簡單,卻能反映出我校學(xué)生英語教學(xué)的基本現(xiàn)狀,客觀上確實(shí)存在著一定差距。在今后的工作中,我們要及時總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、及時反思不足、不斷改進(jìn)教學(xué),使今后的英語口語教學(xué)能更上一層樓。借鑒好的經(jīng)驗(yàn),禰補(bǔ)不足,認(rèn)真搞好日常英語口語教學(xué)。
三、感悟與啟示:
中學(xué)英語課程是一門重要課程,而且處于英語學(xué)習(xí)的最佳時期。因此,學(xué)科教師不僅要重視這門學(xué)科的教學(xué),而且要根據(jù)學(xué)科特點(diǎn)和學(xué)生年齡特點(diǎn)及課程設(shè)置情況,優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué),進(jìn)行有效、高效教學(xué)。同時要注意激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)興趣,培養(yǎng)其良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,為學(xué)生進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)英語打好堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
如果學(xué)生對英語失去興趣,并且基礎(chǔ)薄弱,將會影響到他們的終生發(fā)展。因此,無論學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)還是課任教師,應(yīng)該毫不懈怠,盡心盡力抓好這門學(xué)科的教學(xué),努力提高學(xué)生英語綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。
四、感悟與希望:
實(shí)踐、反思、提高,是事物發(fā)展的軌跡,我們的教學(xué)也應(yīng)該這樣。只要我們遵循客觀規(guī)律,運(yùn)用科學(xué)的方法,用理想去播種,用愛心去澆灌,用耐心去培育,一定會收獲理想的碩果。我們要用科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的思想,正視中學(xué)英語學(xué)科的重要性,切實(shí)抓好日常英語口語教學(xué),最大限度的提高中學(xué)英語教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量!
八年級英語組 2016年7月
第五篇:八年級英語口語教案
八年級英語口語教案
一般來說,衡量一個人口語水平高低主要看以下幾個方面: 1.語音、語調(diào)是否正確,口齒是否清楚; 2.流利程度;
3.語法是否正確,用詞是否恰當(dāng),是否符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣; 4.內(nèi)容是否充實(shí),邏輯是否清楚。
這些是衡量會話能力的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。針對以上標(biāo)準(zhǔn),采取相應(yīng)的訓(xùn)練方法,大致可分作兩個階段。
第一階段:準(zhǔn)備階段
主要是進(jìn)行模仿、背誦、復(fù)述練習(xí)。目的是訓(xùn)練正確的語音、語調(diào),提高流利程度,培養(yǎng)英語語感。同時,通過各種方式,如閱讀,做練習(xí)題,聽英語磁帶,看英語錄像和電影等,來擴(kuò)大詞匯量。掌握英語的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式,擴(kuò)大知識面和訓(xùn)練英語邏輯思維能力,準(zhǔn)備會話前,要對常用的詞(組)、短語等熟練掌握,“熟練”是與人會話的前提,只有熟練,在會話時才能流利。熟練的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是要達(dá)到不加思索地脫口而出。
第二階段:實(shí)踐階段
主要進(jìn)行大量的會話練習(xí),與他人對話、討論,基礎(chǔ)好的可練習(xí)口譯,自己講英語故事等等。
(一)模仿
善于模仿。模仿的原則:
一要大聲模仿。這一點(diǎn)很重要,模仿時要大大方方,清清楚楚,一板一眼,口型要到位,不能扭扭捏捏、小聲小氣地在嗓子眼里嘟嚷。二要仔細(xì)模仿。優(yōu)美的語音、語調(diào)不是短期模仿所能達(dá)到的,對于有英國英語基礎(chǔ)的人學(xué)說美國英語也是如此,對于習(xí)慣于說漢語的人學(xué)說英語則更是如此。
此外,模仿時還要有耐心,有信心,有恒心,不能有任何松勁畏難情緒,要相信自己完全有能力模仿得更好。
(二)復(fù)述 復(fù)述的基本方法 1.閱讀后復(fù)述
閱讀后復(fù)述就是在閱讀完一段或一篇文章后,用自己的語言采用自我敘述的方式表達(dá)文中的內(nèi)容。復(fù)述時可以使用文中的某些內(nèi)容,但應(yīng)盡量避免完全背誦;也可以使用文中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞或部分句型,作為復(fù)述的線索,幫助自己較完整地復(fù)述所讀材料。2.聽磁帶后復(fù)述
這種方法既練習(xí)聽力,又練習(xí)口語表達(dá)能力。采用此種方法訓(xùn)練時,最好使用磁帶的原話來復(fù)述,這樣可以較準(zhǔn)確地矯正自己的語音和語調(diào),體味地道的英語口語。在說的過程中,應(yīng)盡量避免出現(xiàn)語法錯誤。剛開始練習(xí)時,因語言表達(dá)能力、技巧等方面的原因,往往復(fù)述接近于背誦。但在逐漸打好基礎(chǔ)后,在保證語言正確的前提下,復(fù)述可有越來越大的靈活性,如:改變句子結(jié)構(gòu),轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方法,用自己在課堂上新學(xué)的詞匯和句型來替換一些不常使用的詞匯和句型,對自己掌握不準(zhǔn)讀音的詞匯可以不用,等復(fù)述完后再通過查詞典和聽錄音進(jìn)行正音。
復(fù)述的綜合運(yùn)用及復(fù)述策略的優(yōu)化 1.簡單復(fù)述
這種方法適用于培養(yǎng)復(fù)述能力的起始階段(1)對話的復(fù)述
用自己的話敘述對話內(nèi)容,或?qū)υ捯远涛牡男问綌⑹龀鰜?,也可以先就對話提幾個問題,再根據(jù)問題的答案敘述整個內(nèi)容。(2)課文的復(fù)述
A.口頭回答問題,再把答案組織串聯(lián)起來,注意適當(dāng)使用過渡語,如first of all,in a word,at last等。B.借助一些關(guān)鍵性
(一)英語聽說唱
綜述:在新課標(biāo)的要求下,小學(xué)英語應(yīng)該以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的興趣與實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力為主。根據(jù)小孩子活潑好動,模仿性強(qiáng)的心理特點(diǎn),這門課程主要圍繞學(xué)唱英文歌(Singing songs)和模仿對話(Let’s talk)兩部分,讓學(xué)生們感受到英語的魅力。歌曲能激發(fā)他們的興趣,提高學(xué)習(xí)效益,課前課后唱一首英文歌,集中學(xué)生注意力的同時,寓學(xué)于唱。同時,模仿對話的環(huán)節(jié),增加學(xué)生的實(shí)踐量,訓(xùn)練語音語調(diào),提高學(xué)生的聽說能力,創(chuàng)設(shè)輕松愉快的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境和學(xué)習(xí)氛圍。
課程安排: 第一節(jié)課:
1-10分鐘,教師和學(xué)生互相自我介紹,教師介紹英語聽說唱的開課目的、該課的特點(diǎn)、大概的課程安排以及應(yīng)該怎樣學(xué)好。11-20分鐘,教師教會學(xué)生一首簡單的英文歌Little Bird。21-25分鐘,教師介紹這首英文歌曲的意思,讓學(xué)生們懂得學(xué)習(xí)英語有很多途徑和方式并且學(xué)習(xí)小小鳥努力勇敢飛的精神。
25-30分鐘,教師讓學(xué)生們看一小段小學(xué)英語教材的視頻,溫故知新,并從中鞏固一些句型,如“This is our school”和”Where is the playground?”等。
31-38分鐘,學(xué)生模仿視頻進(jìn)行簡單對話,鍛煉學(xué)生開口說英語能力。39-40分鐘,結(jié)束前唱一首Little Bird,讓學(xué)生們保持注意力,解除疲勞,身心愉快,對課堂留下美好的影響,從而期待下一節(jié)課的到來。
第二節(jié)課:
1-15分鐘,教師教會學(xué)生一首簡單的英文歌曲Catch the eels。16-20分鐘,播放中文版的兒歌抓泥鰍,讓一個個英語詞句放進(jìn)美妙的輕快的歌曲中,進(jìn)入孩子們的頭腦中。
21-30分鐘,教師播放一小段與小學(xué)英語教材相關(guān)的視頻,學(xué)生練習(xí)模仿對話。
31-38分鐘,邀請學(xué)生上臺表演對話。
39-40分鐘,合唱英文歌曲,結(jié)束課程教學(xué),并且教師鼓勵大家多聽多說多唱,寓學(xué)于樂。第三節(jié)課
1-15分鐘,教師教會學(xué)生一首簡單的英文歌曲 follow me, 16-20分鐘,讓學(xué)生理解歌詞意思之后跟著音樂一邊唱歌一邊做動作,例如揮手,彎腰等動作,讓學(xué)生輕松的掌握這些詞匯
21-30分鐘,教師播放一小段與小學(xué)英語教材相關(guān)的視頻,學(xué)生練習(xí)模仿對話。
31-38分鐘,邀請學(xué)生上臺表演對話。
39-40 分鐘,教師和學(xué)生一起溫習(xí)剛才學(xué)的英文歌,以及鼓勵學(xué)生大膽說和唱。
第四節(jié)課
1-5分鐘,教師先播放一次兒歌the more we get together,然后把歌詞里的有點(diǎn)難度的詞匯先過一遍,讓學(xué)生先掌握整首歌的意思。6-20分鐘 教師教會學(xué)生唱這首歌。
21-30分鐘,教師播放一小段與小學(xué)英語教材相關(guān)的視頻,學(xué)生練習(xí)模仿對話。
31-36分鐘,邀請學(xué)生上臺表演對話。
37-40 分鐘,教師和學(xué)生一起溫習(xí)之前學(xué)過的所有兒歌。
目前,初中英語口語教學(xué)中存在諸多問題,主要有如下三個:一是學(xué)生缺乏自主學(xué)習(xí)英語口語的能力;二是教師和學(xué)生沒有重視英語口語的學(xué)習(xí);三是教師沒有做到“授之以漁”,沒有教會學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)口語。筆者通過一定的理論研究和實(shí)踐探索,找到了解決上述問題的對策。通過分析初中英語口語教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀、自主學(xué)習(xí)的理論依據(jù),而后將理論運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐,闡述教師如何設(shè)計(jì)自主學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生英語口語交際能力,從而在口語教學(xué)中取得事半功倍的教學(xué)效果。
那么究竟如何才能更高效地教授英語口語呢?瑞士心理學(xué)家皮亞杰提出:“學(xué)習(xí)者要想真正獲得知識,主要不是通過教師的傳授得到的,而是學(xué)習(xí)者在一定的社會文化背景和情景下,利用必要的學(xué)習(xí)資源,通過與他人的協(xié)商交流合作和本人進(jìn)行意義建構(gòu)方式獲得的?!庇纱丝梢姡ㄟ^任務(wù)型教學(xué),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力至關(guān)重要。經(jīng)過一番理論研究,并結(jié)合教學(xué)實(shí)際,我發(fā)現(xiàn)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí),訓(xùn)練并培養(yǎng)學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的能力,對英語口語教學(xué)有著事半功倍的效果。
一、將理論運(yùn)用于教學(xué)實(shí)踐——剖析英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)
國家《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(實(shí)驗(yàn)稿)(2001:29)也為設(shè)計(jì)“任務(wù)型”教學(xué)活動提供了六點(diǎn)指南:(1)活動要有明確的目的并具有可操作性;活動要以學(xué)生的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和興趣為出發(fā)點(diǎn),內(nèi)容和方式盡量真實(shí);(3)活動要有利于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語知識、發(fā)展語言技能,從而提高實(shí)際語言運(yùn)用能力;(4)活動應(yīng)積極促進(jìn)英語學(xué)科和其他學(xué)科間的相互滲透和聯(lián)系,使學(xué)生的思維和想象力、審美情趣和藝術(shù)感受、協(xié)作和創(chuàng)新精神等綜合素質(zhì)得到發(fā)展;(5)活動要能夠促使學(xué)生獲取、處理和使用信息,用英語與他人交流,發(fā)展用英語解決實(shí)際問題的能力;(6)活動不應(yīng)該僅限于課堂教學(xué),而要延伸到課堂之外的學(xué)習(xí)和生活之中。
1.從口語任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)者的角度看任務(wù)——設(shè)計(jì)口語任務(wù)的過程
口語任務(wù)是在語言教學(xué)中為達(dá)到某一具體的用英語交流的目標(biāo)而設(shè)計(jì)的活動。設(shè)計(jì)口語任務(wù)主要有如下幾點(diǎn)要求:
(1)設(shè)計(jì)的口語任務(wù)應(yīng)有一個明確的目標(biāo),并要向?qū)W生說明這個任務(wù)的目的是什么,參與這個任務(wù)之后能學(xué)會做什么。
對口語任務(wù)的要求應(yīng)視學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平而定,不能超出學(xué)生當(dāng)前的能力太多,以使學(xué)生的心理壓力降到最低限度,并最大限度地發(fā)揮他們的積極性。
(3)口語任務(wù)的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)由易到難,充分考慮學(xué)生的興趣。當(dāng)前的能力和完成任務(wù)所需要的時間??谡Z任務(wù)應(yīng)適合不同層次的學(xué)生??梢钥紤]給不同能力的學(xué)生分配不同的口語任務(wù)。
(4)大量的小組活動被認(rèn)為是任務(wù)型口語教學(xué)的特點(diǎn)之一。在設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)時,不僅要有獨(dú)立完成的任務(wù),還應(yīng)有更多的小組活動和結(jié)合對練習(xí)。
2.從學(xué)習(xí)者的角度看任務(wù)——大班教學(xué)如何設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)
我所在的學(xué)校施行的是大班教學(xué),一個班級40多位學(xué)生。我所帶的班級學(xué)生英語口語成績兩極分化比較嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)這一實(shí)際,我采用了小組和結(jié)對練習(xí),這樣就使得更多的學(xué)生能夠參與學(xué)習(xí)并大量增加他們運(yùn)用語言的機(jī)會。國外的研究證明,小組活動比教師獨(dú)自講解與控制練習(xí)更有利于學(xué)生掌握語言。Long(1976)認(rèn)為,在小組活動時,學(xué)
生可以大量使用各種不同的語言,比教師個人在講臺前要更豐富和多樣化,而這樣更有助于語言的習(xí)得。
那么,具體如何來指導(dǎo)小組合作設(shè)計(jì)自主學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)來學(xué)習(xí)英語口語呢?在此,我有五條建議與大家分享。我已把這些方法運(yùn)用于實(shí)踐,確實(shí)有一定的效果??`!
建立活動小組,增加口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會
英語是一門實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的學(xué)科,在班級學(xué)生人數(shù)較多的情況下,為了便于開展語言實(shí)踐活動,建立活動小組是一個很好的對策。每組4-5人,優(yōu)差生結(jié)合,每組選擇一名英語口語較好的學(xué)生做組長,并在組與組之間開展競賽。課上回答問題、檢查朗讀、背誦等以小組為單位進(jìn)行。課內(nèi)外聽說訓(xùn)練、句型和課文的演練,聽錄音、朗讀、背誦、聽寫、小測驗(yàn)等多種活動也都以小組進(jìn)行。例如在教一篇新課文時,我要求學(xué)生認(rèn)真預(yù)習(xí)課文,每個小組收集和課文相關(guān)知識的資料,在課文整體理解和分段講述之后,要求學(xué)生圍繞課文內(nèi)容以多種方式做展開性的提高練習(xí)。這樣,小組成員互相合作,能夠保證課上每個學(xué)生有4-5次的練習(xí)機(jī)會,加大了練習(xí)的廣度和強(qiáng)度,并且使那些英語口語很差的同學(xué)能夠在同伴的幫助下開口說英語,使聽說訓(xùn)練活動在全體學(xué)生中得到落實(shí)。
選擇性輔導(dǎo),提高口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的效率
我在每節(jié)課都重點(diǎn)輔導(dǎo)某幾個小組的活動,對學(xué)生的發(fā)音、語用錯誤做單獨(dú)的幫助,同時幫助學(xué)生歸納共性的錯誤,并對小組任務(wù)后進(jìn)行總結(jié)分析,給學(xué)生再口語練習(xí)的機(jī)會。此時,我更關(guān)注學(xué)生要表達(dá)的意思和想法、語言的運(yùn)用及學(xué)生之間為了完成任務(wù)而進(jìn)行的交流活動,而不是過多地糾正學(xué)生的語言錯誤,以至于使他們有挫折感而影響完成任務(wù)的積極性。
(3)運(yùn)用5W1H表述話題,搭建口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的平臺
5“W”和1“H”,是英語教學(xué)中最常用的六個特殊疑問詞(What,Who,Why,When,Where和How)。在英語課堂口頭表達(dá)中,為促進(jìn)學(xué)生有話說,我嘗試運(yùn)用5“W”和1“H”,為學(xué)生撐起一個說話的支架,從不同側(cè)面進(jìn)行提問的方式進(jìn)行問答并加以拓展和延伸,促進(jìn)學(xué)生主動開口,從而給他們創(chuàng)建了口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的平臺,使他們的口語交流變得分外順暢。
(4)努力創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,增添口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的色彩
情境是指交際活動的社會背景。語言常常是伴隨著一定的情景而體現(xiàn)的。初中的學(xué)生愛活動,好表現(xiàn)。凡能表現(xiàn)的語言情景,我都要求學(xué)生表演,讓學(xué)生做演員,教師當(dāng)導(dǎo)演,讓表演進(jìn)入課堂,使學(xué)生得到了大量的語言實(shí)踐鍛煉。例如,在講完7B Unit3 Reading A Lucky Escape的時候,我不要求把課文死記硬背,而是讓他們分組,課后進(jìn)行分角色話劇表演,選定一個時間組與組之間開展話劇競賽,最后一名的小組成員要背課文,其余學(xué)生可以不背。優(yōu)等生演臺詞較多的角色,后進(jìn)生演臺詞較少的角色,這樣的分工給了優(yōu)等生表現(xiàn)的機(jī)會,也給了那些從來不會背書的后進(jìn)生在同伴的幫助下開口說英語的機(jī)會。這樣就提高了全班學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)英語的積極性,使學(xué)生樂于開口。
(5)選取生活話題,培養(yǎng)口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的能力
學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語口語的目的在于交流,我們教材的大部分話題都來源于真實(shí)生活。但要使學(xué)生能在課外真正與他人進(jìn)行真實(shí)環(huán)境下的,沒有預(yù)設(shè)條件的英語口語交際,單靠教材本身所提供的語言材料,學(xué)生依然是“巧婦難為無米之炊”,存在著口語交流的障礙。因此為了真正培養(yǎng)和提高學(xué)生的英語口語交際能力,在平時教學(xué)中,我既注重課內(nèi)的口語能力展現(xiàn)也重視課外的口語交際。這兩種渠道的輸入與輸出是循環(huán)的,通過課內(nèi)、課外的聯(lián)動提高學(xué)生的英語口語能力。
二、研究結(jié)論
通過理論研究和實(shí)踐探索,筆者認(rèn)為指導(dǎo)初中生進(jìn)行英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí),訓(xùn)練并培
養(yǎng)他們設(shè)計(jì)英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的能力,對英語口語教學(xué)確實(shí)有著事半功倍的效果。希望廣大教師能牢記《英語課程課標(biāo)》(實(shí)驗(yàn)稿)的要求,采用任務(wù)型教學(xué)模式,設(shè)計(jì)出更豐富、更有效的英語口語自主學(xué)習(xí)的任務(wù),讓學(xué)生盡早擺脫“啞巴英語”的束縛。