第一篇：課后翻譯 - 副本

U1effective 翻譯一:Outlines are essential to

make together, sure speeches.that related By outlining, you one to another, and that the structure of that your thoughts ideas flow from are your probably speech is coherent.You will your use two kinds of outlines for outline and the brief speaking outline.speeches-the detailed preparationshouldIn a preparation outline, you central state and idea, your and specific purpose and pattern.sub-points identify using a main points consist of brief notes to help you while The speaking outline consistent should you contain key words or phrases to bolster deliver the speech.It should your speaking memory.visual outline, In follow making up your preparation framework used the in same your outline as brief as possible and be sure outline.Keep the speaking it is plainly legible.過(guò)寫(xiě)發(fā)言提綱，你可以確保你的想法發(fā)言提綱是有效發(fā)言的基礎(chǔ)。通是相關(guān)聯(lián)的，你的思路從一點(diǎn)談到另一點(diǎn)，準(zhǔn)備講演你可以采用兩種提綱方式：你的講話結(jié)構(gòu)是連貫的。通常，詳細(xì)準(zhǔn)備提綱和簡(jiǎn)單發(fā)言提綱。定目的及中心思想，并以連貫的方式在準(zhǔn)備提綱中，應(yīng)該寫(xiě)出你的特 確定主要觀點(diǎn)和次要觀點(diǎn)。發(fā)言提綱應(yīng)該由簡(jiǎn)要的提要組成，這些提要在你講話時(shí)能夠給予你一些幫助。發(fā)言提綱還應(yīng)包括幫助你記憶的重點(diǎn)詞或重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)。在寫(xiě)發(fā)言提綱時(shí)，可采用準(zhǔn)備提綱的發(fā)言提綱簡(jiǎn)要，同時(shí)，要確保提綱清 糢式。盡可能使你的晰、易于辨認(rèn)。先要做好充分的準(zhǔn)備；其次，你演講翻譯二:當(dāng)你發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)演講時(shí)，首的主要觀點(diǎn)要明確，層次要清楚。演講時(shí)，語(yǔ)速不要過(guò)快，語(yǔ)言要清晰。不要總是在讀你準(zhǔn)備好的稿子。最后，你應(yīng)該經(jīng)?？匆幌履愕穆?tīng)眾。這樣，一方面你對(duì)你的聽(tīng)眾表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更順利地進(jìn)行你的演講。speech, you should, first of all, get wellBefore

you deliver an academic prepared your major points clear in your speech, for it.Then, you should make and organized.When speaking, you should your speech should be well not should speak the be too explicit.fast, and Don’your t always language read From time to time.notes you prepared beforehand.your show audience.you should look at and on the other hand.you will be able your respect On one to your hand, audience, you can to smoothly.go on with your speech more U2

翻譯一with human human :Energy well-being.has a dual relationship concerned history, man For has most been of side thanks of the mainly about the benefit energy to the energy-well-being low costs equation staggering use.However, involved with the in brought unprecedented forth scale by of energy 100 years demand of coupled growth with population growth, industrial in per an capita equally remarkable increasingly higher costs, both external energy forms, energy demand entails of and energy internalized.On the one hand, accelerating resources requires speed are and reducing at an hand, higher input.energy On the supply worrisome the external costs seem other more serious safety, threats because ecosystem, and may trigger large-scale keeps disrupting to public energy health use poses the global and military conflict.人類(lèi)歷史發(fā)展長(zhǎng)河中，由于利用能源能源和人類(lèi)利益有著雙重關(guān)系。成本低廉，人們主要關(guān)注能源和人類(lèi)安康關(guān)系中有利的一面。然而，過(guò)去一百年以來(lái)人口以空前速度增長(zhǎng)，引起了能源需求的激增，同時(shí)，人均工業(yè)能源需求亦急劇增長(zhǎng)，因此，能源利用所需成本越來(lái)越高，無(wú)論是外延成本還是內(nèi)涵成本。一方面，能源資源加速減少，能源供應(yīng)所需投入越來(lái)越高；另一方面，相比之下，外延成本更加令人憂慮，原因是能源利用嚴(yán)重威脅大眾健康和安全，不斷破壞全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，并可能引發(fā)大規(guī)模軍事沖突.影響能源供應(yīng)的資金成本難以量化，翻譯二：以上各種因素究竟如何部分原因是許多非環(huán)境因素實(shí)際上同環(huán)境因素互相交織在一起。比如，造成工程施工延誤的原因，不但有管理上的限制，而且有工程、管理以及質(zhì)量監(jiān)控等方面的問(wèn)題。然而在美國(guó)，過(guò)去油產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)的資金成本至少上升了20年中由于環(huán)境影響，石25%,則上升了而火電和核電生產(chǎn)的資金成本 contributionIt isdifficult 40%,甚至更多。

monetary costs of energy supply in part of all to these quantify factors the to total the because environment factors not related to environmental are construction ones.often entwined with the not delays have For been example, caused also just management by by problems regulatory constraints but Nevertheless, and quality of engineering, control.impacts costs have in increased the US environmental by at least 25 percent during the past 20 of supplying petroleum the monetary products years, electricity from coal and nuclear power and the costs of generating by 40 percent or more.U3

翻譯一24-hour :Two fatal wrecks in less than a weekend period over to six the number of deaths killed three the people, Thanksgiving bringing two weeks on Springfield city streets.in the pastatleastWith one month left in the year17 people have been killed，in

fatality including accidents Chicago family the three in members Springfield, before on Interstate 44.who died the weekend of aandOn Sunday, Springfield husband Bauer, wife South Glenstone Avenue.59，Jon died Bauer, in the 58, 2400 and block Juanita ofsouthboundAccording to police，Jon Bauer's sides also wiped 2001 a 1995 Hyundai Chrysler Santa Cirrus, Fe Chadd Rohde, 27, of Mountain Homeheading southbound, driven by Ark., at around 10:30 a.m.，south and struck a brick wall and utilityJon Bauer’s vehicle continued pole at Springfield National Cemetery.extractedThe Springfield Juanita the couple from Fire Department the Bauer was pronounced the vehicle.dead at unconscious, scene.Jon John’s Regional Medical Center, where was Bauer, transported who to was St.he was later pronounced dead.hours as police investigated the crash.Traffic was shut down for four了周里斯普林菲爾德城市道路上死亡2在感恩節(jié)的周末，起車(chē)禍，撞死3人，使得過(guò)去24小時(shí)內(nèi)發(fā)生2人教上井到 6人。

普森菲爾德至少有本年度還剩下最后其中包括上周在171個(gè)月，在斯死的來(lái)自芝加哥的一家三口。44號(hào)州際公路上撞人死于車(chē)禍，婦，特58周日，斯普林菲爾德的一對(duì)夫歲的喬恩?保爾和59區(qū)被車(chē)撞死。?保爾在南格林斯頓大道的歲的詹尼

2400街喬恩據(jù)警察講述，上午邊撞上了一輛同樣往南開(kāi)的?保爾南行的2001現(xiàn)代勝達(dá)菲檫10點(diǎn)半左右，出產(chǎn)的克萊斯勒斯柔斯，司機(jī)是1995年歲的查德27居。?羅德，來(lái)自阿肯色州的山 普林菲爾德國(guó)家公墓的磚墻上，又撞

喬恩?保爾的車(chē)?yán)^續(xù)南行，撞在斯上了一根公用電線桿。

婦從車(chē)?yán)锢顺鰜?lái)。斯普林菲爾德消防隊(duì)把這對(duì)夫場(chǎng)宣布已死亡，喬恩詹尼特?保爾被當(dāng)被送到圣約翰地區(qū)醫(yī)療中心，之后也?保爾不省人事，被宣布死亡。了

一種模擬駕駛器，觀察4 警察在調(diào)香現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)交通被關(guān)閉 小時(shí)。翻譯二

:美國(guó)的研究人員使用了分別在手持手機(jī)通話?cǎi){駛、酒后駕駛40名志愿者以及專(zhuān)心駕駛的過(guò)程。結(jié)果顯示：共有時(shí)均在打手機(jī)狀態(tài)下。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：無(wú)3名志愿者發(fā)生追尾事故，司機(jī)當(dāng)論手機(jī)是否處于免提狀態(tài)，司機(jī)在通話狀態(tài)下會(huì)放慢車(chē)速。剎車(chē)措施的反應(yīng)速度也會(huì)減慢 此外，采取而剎車(chē)后加速的速度又會(huì)減慢9%，19%。USUsing a driving simulator, some 40 talking people.researchers navigated on Some studied the driving of a of cell them drove while drove while drunk, phone, and others others impairments.with no there were three accidents in which the The such results distractions showed that or drivers were talking on cell phones-all of research has found that those talking on them involving a rear-ending.The the sluggish.In addition, talking on the cell phone while driving are more phone percent can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in after braking.in terms terms of o f picking braking up and speed 19 U4

翻譯一of masculine that reinforces the stereotype what :Perhaps it is our social concept is feminine and what is that even women talk more than men, and communication.causes these labeled Maybe different a patterns woman of interrupting if she does it at alltalkative or is criticized for is our cultures culture — as well as，because be quiet if they want to be “feminine.’ — teaches that women should many other Perhaps boys interrupt and masculine men to dominate culture encourages talk talk more often, and males and who to criticized a lot and interrupt often are not differences for communication in doing the patterns so.These communicating who are and studied styles of by of communication.study the effects of gender experts on effects misunderstandings in order They to understand study these and women in conversation.Often, it’s occur between why men because conversation their important are styles so and different.patterns It of these that we learn to recognize is to the other gender.communicate differences better so that with we people can learn of加深了女人比男人話多這一糢式化或許正是我們的男女社會(huì)觀念印象，甚至導(dǎo)致這些不同溝通方式的出現(xiàn)。如果一個(gè)女人真的在別人說(shuō)話時(shí)插嘴，她或許會(huì)被認(rèn)為是話多，或許會(huì)為此受到批評(píng)，因?yàn)槲覀兊奈幕裕核齻內(nèi)绻胍信宋毒捅仨毼倪€有其他許多文化—如此教導(dǎo)女靜。或許男性文化鼓勵(lì)男孩和男人支配談話并且更經(jīng)常打斷談話，健談和頻繁打斷話頭的男性不會(huì)為 而且此受到批評(píng)。研究性別對(duì)交流所產(chǎn)生的作用的專(zhuān)家們針對(duì)溝通模式和溝通風(fēng)格方面的這些差異進(jìn)行探究，以便了解在男女對(duì)話中為什么會(huì)產(chǎn)生誤解。誤解的產(chǎn)生常常是因?yàn)樗麄兊膶?duì)話風(fēng)格和方式存在極大的差異。為了能學(xué)會(huì)更好地和異有必要認(rèn)識(shí)這些差異。4生交流，我們 暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)《你就是不明白》中指出：雖翻譯二:Deborah Tannen

在她的然美國(guó)男孩和女孩經(jīng)常在一起玩，但大多數(shù)時(shí)間他們都是在各自的同性別小組里玩耍。她還指出：雖然男孩和女孩確實(shí)在一起玩某些游戲，但他們最喜歡的游戲常常是不一樣的。Tarnien和其他這方面的研究人員發(fā)

現(xiàn)，男孩（比如歡在室外而不是室內(nèi)玩耍，而且他們8至12歲的男孩)喜是在有等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)的大組中玩耍。這幫男孩子中通常會(huì)有一個(gè)孩子頭，他告訴別的男孩做什么、怎么做。正是通過(guò)發(fā)號(hào)施令和讓其他男孩按規(guī)則游戲，男孩子們?cè)谒麄兊耐姘槟抢铽@得更高或更重要的地位。

Don’tIn her best-selling book You Just points Understand.Deborah Tannen boys and girls often play together, they out that, although American spend same-sex most that boys and girls do play some games groups.of their She time also playing points out in together, very but their favorite other often quite different.Tannen games and are found researchers through that young on boys, this say topic have house rather than in the house, and they 12.tend to play outside ages the 8 play hierarchically in large boys structured.groups that are the do it.It is by giving orders and making other generally boys what has a to leader A group do and who of how tells to the boys other boys play by the rules that status in their play group.achieve higher or more dominant U5

翻譯一communications, :In this age to and hide it has of become instantaneous harder by private businesspeople wrongdoings: corrupt officials leaks, whistleblowers, government are now exposed investigative aggrieved important reporters.competitors, Publicity is and an can year terminate deterrent careers.because During corruption the down the prime minister of the Ukraine, alone, scandals have brought past the the deputy Kenyan leader of president Brazil's of ruling South party, Africa, majority government Representatives.leader of the ministers, U.S.House and key the of changes corruption are necessary But to ensure systematic that themselves scan?dals stop repeating reruns.like prurient TV showor are about to occur in key entities: theLeadership changes have occurred World Transparency Bank, International International, the OECD, the UN, The resulting set of new leaders should Chamber of Commerce.and the get from together export-credit other key with organizations, NGOs and such leaders law-enforcement agenciesentities and international as broad develop a consensus for near-term and anticorruption strategy，to map out a and middle-term action.代，要想掩蓋惡行越來(lái)越難，因?yàn)檠郛?dāng)前是一個(gè)信息即時(shí)交流的時(shí)下私人密探、走漏政府內(nèi)部消息的人、憤憤不平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手以及那些刨根問(wèn)底的記者們都會(huì)把那些貪污腐敗的官員和奸商暴露出來(lái)。由于腐化墮落會(huì)斷送事業(yè)前程，所以曝光是一種重要的威懾力量。僅去年一年，被丑聞拉下臺(tái)的就有烏克蘭總理、南非副總統(tǒng)、巴西執(zhí)政黨領(lǐng)袖、肯尼亞政府的幾名地位顯赫的部長(zhǎng)以及美國(guó)眾議院多數(shù)黨領(lǐng)袖。但是要確保腐敗丑聞不會(huì)像色情電視劇那樣重復(fù)上演，就必須進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的變革。經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織、聯(lián)合國(guó)、透明領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層的變革在諸如世界銀行、國(guó)際以及國(guó)際商會(huì)等重點(diǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)展開(kāi)或者即將展開(kāi)。改革后的新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)班子應(yīng)該與非政府組織以及其他重要機(jī)構(gòu)（如出口信貸機(jī)構(gòu)、國(guó)際執(zhí)法部門(mén)等）領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人攜手合作，以便制訂全面的反腐戰(zhàn)略，就近期和中期行動(dòng)達(dá)成共識(shí)。

第二篇：課后翻譯及答案

課后翻譯及答案

Unit

11.Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by.Until Mrs.Stifter.2.No one seems to stop to think that — no matter what environments they come from — most kids don't put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at stake.3.Of average intelligence or above, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish.4.Young people generally don't have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it.5.It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them.6.This means no more doing Scott's assignments for him because he might fail.No more passing Jodi because she's such a nice kid.1.我的小兒子是個(gè)世界級(jí)的萬(wàn)人迷，學(xué)習(xí)不怎么動(dòng)腦筋卻總能蒙混過(guò)關(guān)。直到施蒂夫特夫人當(dāng)了他的老師，這種局面才徹底改變了。

2.似乎沒(méi)有人停下來(lái)想想看，無(wú)論孩子們來(lái)自何種環(huán)境，他們當(dāng)中大多數(shù)若不是發(fā)現(xiàn)情況到了危急關(guān)頭，才不會(huì)把功課當(dāng)作頭等大事呢。

3.這些學(xué)生智力水平至少也算中等，但最終都退學(xué)了，他們總結(jié)說(shuō)自己太笨，學(xué)不下去了。

4.年輕人往往不夠成熟、不會(huì)像我的成人學(xué)生那樣重視教育。

5.這表明老師和家長(zhǎng)都對(duì)學(xué)生有信心，相信他們能夠?qū)W好發(fā)給他們的學(xué)習(xí)材料。

6.這意味著再也不要因?yàn)閾?dān)心斯科特會(huì)不及格而替他做作業(yè)，再也不要因?yàn)橹斓鲜莻€(gè)乖孩子而故她過(guò)關(guān)。

Unit

21.I had always dreamed of being proposed to in a Parisian cafe, under dazzling stars, like the one in a Van Gogh knockoff that hangs in my studio apartment.Instead, my boyfriend asked me to marry him while I was Windexing the bathroom mirror.2.But the more time and effort I put in, the more the universe tried to thwart me.The Greek band from Los Angeles that I wanted wasn't available.The stitching I had requested for my cathedral veil was all wrong.My ivory silk gown was being quarantined somewhere in Singapore.3.I realized that a Big Day without my mother would be no day at all.Not having my dad, who passed away three years before, to walk me down the aisle was painful, but the thought of not having Mom there was unbearable.4.Our baby sister, who'd been looking after Mom since Dad's death,

intensive-care unit, just a few hours after her surgery.She was strung out with a myriad of plastic tubes protruding from her arms, nose, and mouth.“Liz, make sure you eat something,” she said in a strained, raspy voice.6.I've forgotten what kind of stitching is in my veil.But when I remove it from my face, I'll be staring at the two people I love beyond all reason: my soon-to-be husband and the woman(who showed me what's really important.)

1.我一直有這樣的昝想：星光燦爛的晚上，在一家巴黎咖啡館能有人向我求婚那個(gè)咖啡館就像凡高所畫(huà)的“夜晚的咖啡館”，我的工作室墻上就掛著一幅此畫(huà)的翻印本。然而，我男明友卻在我用“穩(wěn)得新”擦洗衛(wèi)生間鏡子的時(shí)候叫我嫁給他。

2.但是，我投入的時(shí)間和精力越多，萬(wàn)事就越和我過(guò)不去。沒(méi)有請(qǐng)到我想要的洛杉磯希臘樂(lè)隊(duì)；我到教堂時(shí)所戴面紗的針線活也很糟，不是我原來(lái)所要求的。我訂的象牙色的絲綢禮服被隔離在新加坡的某個(gè)地方。

3.我認(rèn)識(shí)到?jīng)]有媽媽的大喜日子不可思議。爸爸已經(jīng)在三年前過(guò)世，不可能牽著我的手到教堂圣壇完婚.這已經(jīng)讓我覺(jué)得凄苦。但是一想到媽媽那天也不能在教堂就讓我覺(jué)得無(wú)法忍受。

4.小妹自父親去世以來(lái)一直照顧著媽媽?zhuān)@時(shí)恐懼占據(jù)了她的心，此情此景讓她不由得 想起父親臨終的日子。咨詢(xún)醫(yī)生后，我們得知胃部手術(shù)是媽媽唯一的選擇。醫(yī)院一有床位我們就住進(jìn)去了。

5.此外，照顧母親也讓我認(rèn)識(shí)到她當(dāng)年照料我們是多么地盡心。我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記，她剛動(dòng)完手術(shù)幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，我到特護(hù)病房去看她。她躺在那里，手臂、鼻孔和嘴巴里插了那么多的塑料導(dǎo)管，她卻吃力、沙啞地說(shuō)道：“莉茲，你一定要吃點(diǎn)東西?！?/p>

6.我已經(jīng)忘記面紗上的刺綉。但在我掀掉面紗的時(shí)候，我肯定會(huì)脈脈地注視著我所最?lèi)?ài)的兩個(gè)人：我的未婚夫和讓我懂得人生要義的那個(gè)女人——我的母親。

Unit

31.In sequential testimony, each one stated that he did not believe tobacco was a health risk and that his company had taken no steps to manipulate the levels of nicotine in its cigarettes.2.Dr.Brandt...amply demonstrates that Big Tobacco understood many of the health risks of their products long before the 1964 surgeon general's report.3.Early in the 20th century, opposition to cigarettes took a moral rather than a health-conscious tone, especially for women who wanted to smoke, although even then many doctors were concerned that smoking was a health risk.4.And their marketing memorandums document advertising campaigns aimed at youngsters to hook whole new generations of smokers.5.Instead, these experts focused primarily on a small group of skeptics of the dangers of cigarettes during the 1950s, many of whom had or would eventually have ties to the tobacco industry.6.Last August, she concluded that the tobacco industry had engaged in a 40-year conspiracy to defraud smokers about tobacco's health dangers.1.在隨后的證詞中，每個(gè)人都陳述自己不相信煙草會(huì)給健康帶來(lái)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而且自己的公司從未采取措施來(lái)操縱香煙中尼古丁的含量。

2.布蘭特博士用充足的證據(jù)證明，早在1964年的衛(wèi)生局長(zhǎng)報(bào)告發(fā)表前，各大煙草巨頭就已了解了自家產(chǎn)品對(duì)健康造成的諸多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

3.在20世紀(jì)初期，對(duì)香煙的抵制帶著道德的口吻，而不是出于對(duì)健康的關(guān)注，對(duì)想抽煙的女性更是如此.不過(guò)即使在當(dāng)時(shí)，許多醫(yī)生已經(jīng)關(guān)注到吸煙會(huì)給健康造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

4.在他們的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)備忘錄中，記錄了他們針對(duì)青少年發(fā)動(dòng)的廣告運(yùn)動(dòng)，旨在誘惑一代代的新煙民。

5.相反，這些專(zhuān)家主要關(guān)注的是20世紀(jì)50年代的一小撮對(duì)香煙危害的懷疑論者，他們中的大部分人要么當(dāng)時(shí)就與煙草業(yè)有勾結(jié)，要么最終也會(huì)同煙草業(yè)勾結(jié)起來(lái)。

6.去年八月,她總結(jié)道，煙草行業(yè)策劃了一場(chǎng)為期40年的陰謀，以欺騙煙民，掩蓋煙草對(duì)健康的危害。

Unit

51.It is hard to escape the fact that in developed societies, despite progress, innovation prosperity, there is something not quite right.2.Politicians, obsessed with inputs and outputs, targets and controls, are flummoxed by immeasurable concepts such as the value people place on spending time with their families.3.Another reason is that electoral cycles lend themselves to a culture of short-termism, with a need for immediate, quantifiable measurements and results.4.Today we need to be just as revolutionary to put us back on track to social prosperity: to respond to that yearning for happiness.5.Setting the right framework means creating incentives and removing barriers to remodel the context within which the whole of society makes choices.6.Given our advances in terms of political freedom, economic enterprise and cultural ingenuity, life could, and should, be more satisfying.1.人們很難擺脫這樣一種事實(shí)：在發(fā)達(dá)的社會(huì)，盡管社會(huì)進(jìn)步，改革日新月異，物質(zhì)富足，人們卻總覺(jué)得有些事情不大對(duì)勁。

2.政治家們滿腦子的投入與產(chǎn)出，目標(biāo)與調(diào)控，而葉于諸如有多看重與家人共度時(shí) 光之類(lèi)的、無(wú)法用數(shù)字測(cè)量的概念，他們往往感到困惑不已

3.另一與之相關(guān)的原因是：一輪輪的競(jìng)選讓他們置身于急功近利的氛圍，期待立竿見(jiàn)影的量化的測(cè)量手段與結(jié)果。

4.今天，我們需要如當(dāng)初一樣徹底改變思想,以便重新回到社會(huì)繁榮富強(qiáng)的軌道上。這種思想的轉(zhuǎn)變革新使是：積極地響應(yīng)對(duì)幸福的追求。

5.制定恰當(dāng)?shù)囊?guī)章制度，是指創(chuàng)設(shè)激勵(lì)機(jī)制并排除障礙來(lái)重建整個(gè)社會(huì)體系，這樣，社會(huì)的各個(gè)層面都能依此做出適當(dāng)選擇。

6.既然我們政治上已經(jīng)更加自由，經(jīng)濟(jì)更加繁榮，文化更加百花齊放，那么我們的生活能夠且應(yīng)當(dāng)更加令人滿意。

第三篇：英語(yǔ)課后翻譯

1）1）我們的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)出了毛病，但我覺(jué)得問(wèn)題比較小。(minor)a)

We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it's fairly minor

2）父親去世時(shí)我還小，不能獨(dú)立生活。就在那時(shí)，家鄉(xiāng)的父老接過(guò)了養(yǎng)育我（my upbringing）的責(zé)任。

a)(at that point)My father died when I was too young to live on my own.The people of my hometown took over(responsibility for)my upbringing at that point.3）這些玩具必得在達(dá)到嚴(yán)格的安全要求后才可出售給兒童。(requirement)

a)The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4）作為新聞和輿論的載體（carrier），廣播和電視補(bǔ)充了而不是替代了報(bào)紙。(supplement, rather than)

a)Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5）至于這本雜志，它刊載世界各地許多報(bào)章雜志上文章的摘要。(digest When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world

1）雖然受到全球金融危機(jī)后果的巨大影響，但是我們?nèi)匀幌嘈盼覀兡軌蛎鎸?duì)挑戰(zhàn)，克服危機(jī)。(confident)

a)Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis

2）在持續(xù)不斷的沙塵暴的威脅下，我們被迫離開(kāi)我們喜愛(ài)的村莊，搬遷到新的地方。(threat, compel, settlement a)Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement

3）根據(jù)最近的網(wǎng)上調(diào)查，許多消費(fèi)者說(shuō)他們也許會(huì)有興趣考慮購(gòu)買(mǎi)電視廣告中播放的產(chǎn)品。(motivate)

a)According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials

4）看到卡車(chē)司機(jī)把受污染的廢棄物（contaminated waste）倒在河邊，老人馬上向警方報(bào)告。(spot, alongside)

a)Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5）一些科學(xué)家堅(jiān)信人們總有一天會(huì)喜歡轉(zhuǎn)基因農(nóng)作物（genetically modified crops）的，因?yàn)樗鼈兡軌蛱岣弋a(chǎn)量，幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家戰(zhàn)勝饑荒和疾病。(conviction, come to...)

a)Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world

6）無(wú)論是在城市還是在農(nóng)村，因特網(wǎng)正在改變?nèi)藗兊纳罘绞健?urban, rural)

a)The Internet is changing the way people live, no matter whether they are in urban or rural areas

7）和大公司相比，中小公司更容易受到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的威脅。(medium, vulnerable)

Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones

8）關(guān)于期末論文，教授要求我們先分析失業(yè)圖表，然后對(duì)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供批評(píng)性的見(jiàn)解。(analyze, chart, reflection)

a)With regard to our term papers, the professor asked us to analyze the chart of unemployment first, and then provide critical reflections on the nation's economic development.9）他從來(lái)也沒(méi)有想到他們隊(duì)會(huì)以大比分贏得那場(chǎng)籃球賽。(by a large margin, it occurs to...)a)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.10）回顧二十年的中學(xué)教學(xué)，我把我的成功歸結(jié)為耐心、才能、和對(duì)知識(shí)的不斷追求。(look back on)

a)Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attributed my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge

11）紅十字會(huì)派遣的志愿人員非常小心地對(duì)村里的飲用水進(jìn)行消毒(disinfect)，以避免爆發(fā)瘟疫。(outbreak, caution)

a)The volunteers sent / assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague

12）愛(ài)因斯坦用了多年時(shí)間試圖把電磁學(xué)理論和引力理論結(jié)合起來(lái)，但沒(méi)有成功。(unify

a)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed

13）因其在激發(fā)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性想象力方面的出色表現(xiàn)，王教授獲得了校長(zhǎng)獎(jiǎng)。(stimulate, imagination

a)Professor Wang received / won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.14）因存在一些設(shè)計(jì)上的（design）重大缺陷，董事會(huì)沒(méi)有同意那個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激計(jì)劃（stimulus package）。(approve of, flaw)

a)As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.15）喬丹（Jordan）意識(shí)到?jīng)]人能給他幫助，終于得出結(jié)論他必須面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，獨(dú)自接受挑戰(zhàn)。(come

a)Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up / meet the challenge by himself 16）奶奶想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為糧價(jià)要漲，所以買(mǎi)了許多大米。(take sth.for granted

Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.17）我可以給你引用幾個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明她獻(xiàn)身科學(xué)的精神。(quote, instance I

a)

can quote you several instances of her dedication to science 18）20世紀(jì)80年代中國(guó)一些經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)（zone）開(kāi)始迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。(see, swift)

a)The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.19）兩國(guó)關(guān)系的緊張部分是由最近的間諜事件（spy affair）引起的。(in part

a)Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair

20）彼得已在一家律師事務(wù)所（law firm）當(dāng)了多年律師。你可考慮請(qǐng)他做你的律師，當(dāng)你需要法律援助時(shí)，由他代你行事。(on sb.'s behalf）

a)Peter has worked in a law firm for many years.You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.21）這座紅房子在參天古樹(shù)的映襯下十分奪目。（stand out）

a)The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.22）我的新工作薪酬很高，但是其他方面我并不滿意。（a)The salary in / for my new job is great, but for the rest, I'm not satisfied 23）兩條溪流的水在我們村子附近匯合了。（mingle

a)The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑別人的宗教信仰。（mock 24）

a)We should not mock at other people's religious beliefs.25）這間房間的窗簾同家具的風(fēng)格不太協(xié)調(diào)。（in tune

a)The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture

第四篇：英語(yǔ)課后翻譯

English is known as a world language, regularly used by many nations whose English is not their first language.Like other languages, English has changed greatly.The history of the English language can be divided into three main periods : Old English, Middle English and Modern English.The English language started with the invasion of Britain by three Germanic tribes during the 5th century AD, and they contributed greatly to the formation of the English language.During the medieval and early modern periods, the influence of English spread throughout the British Isles, and from the early 17th century its influence began to be felt throughout the world.The processes of European exploration and colonization for several centuries led to significant change in English.Today, American English is particularly influential, due to the popularity of American cinema, television, music, trade and technology, including the Internet.人們普遍認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)是一種世界語(yǔ)言，經(jīng)常被許多不以英語(yǔ)為第一語(yǔ)言的國(guó)家使用。與其他語(yǔ)言一樣，英語(yǔ)也發(fā)生了很大的變化。英語(yǔ)的歷史可以分為三個(gè)主要階段：古英語(yǔ)，中古英語(yǔ)和現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)起源于公元5世紀(jì)，當(dāng)時(shí)三個(gè)日耳曼部落入侵英國(guó)，他們對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的形成起了很大的作用。在中世紀(jì)和現(xiàn)代社會(huì)初期，英語(yǔ)的影響遍及不列顛群島。從17世紀(jì)初，它的影響力開(kāi)始在世界各地顯現(xiàn)。歐洲幾百年的探險(xiǎn)和殖民過(guò)程導(dǎo)致了英語(yǔ)的重大變化。今天，由于美國(guó)電影、電視、貿(mào)易和技術(shù)、包括互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大受歡迎，美國(guó)英語(yǔ)的影響力尤其顯。

中國(guó)書(shū)法(calligraphy)是一門(mén)獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)、是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的藝術(shù)瑰寶。中國(guó)書(shū)法藝術(shù)的形成，發(fā)展與漢文字的產(chǎn)生與演進(jìn)存在著密不可分的關(guān)系。漢字在漫長(zhǎng)的演變發(fā)展過(guò)程中，一方面起著交流思想、繼承文化的重要作用，另一方面它本身又形成了一種獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)。書(shū)法能夠通過(guò)作品把書(shū)法家個(gè)人的生活感受、學(xué)識(shí)、修養(yǎng)、個(gè)性等折射出來(lái)，所以，通常有“字如其人”的說(shuō)法。中國(guó)書(shū)法不僅是中華民族的文化瑰寶，而且在世界文化藝術(shù)寶庫(kù)中獨(dú)放異彩。

Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.The formation and development of the Chinese calligraphy is closely related to the emergence and evolution of Chinese characters.In this long evolutionary process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging ideas and transmitting culture but also developed into a unique art form.Calligraphic works well reflect calligraphers' personal feelings, knowledge, self-cultivation,personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that “seeing the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person”.As one of the treasures o Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's treasure house of culture and art.A M00C(massive open online course)is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the web.M00Cs are a recent development in distance education and have now become a surging trend in higher education.These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from thousands of tuition-paying students who live in town, to millions of students around the world.In addition to traditional course materials, M00Cs provide interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors.M00Cs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of viewpoints, knowledge, and skills to the course;inspire people to “try on” subjects that they wouldn't otherwise pursue or even try on education itself;provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal(多模式的)learning that can address the needs of learners with a variety of learning styles;and inspire better teaching and use of technologies for face-to-face courses.慕課是一種網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，它旨在通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)廣泛參與和開(kāi)放接入。慕課是遠(yuǎn)程教育邁出的最新一步，現(xiàn)已在高等教育領(lǐng)域迅速引領(lǐng)潮流。通過(guò)這些課程，大學(xué)可以擴(kuò)大影響的范圍，從影響成千上萬(wàn)住在城里付學(xué)費(fèi)的學(xué)生，擴(kuò)展到惠及全球上百萬(wàn)的學(xué)生。除了擁有傳統(tǒng)的課程資料，慕課還給使用者提供互動(dòng)論壇，支持學(xué)生和講師之間的交流。慕課能夠促進(jìn)參與者之間的交流，使得多種觀點(diǎn)、知識(shí)和技能涌現(xiàn)到課堂上來(lái)；它鼓勵(lì)人們嘗試之前不可能?chē)L試的課程，至是嘗試新的教育方式；它提供多種學(xué)習(xí)課程資料的方式，鼓勵(lì)多模式學(xué)習(xí)，以各種

學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格滿足學(xué)習(xí)者的需求；另外，慕課促進(jìn)教學(xué)的改善，使技術(shù)在面對(duì)面授課中得以更好地應(yīng)用。近年來(lái)，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，我國(guó)的數(shù)字化教育資源建設(shè)取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)的平臺(tái)，數(shù)字化教學(xué)在教育中發(fā)揮著越來(lái)越大的作用。和傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)方式相比，數(shù)字化教學(xué)方式有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。一方面，數(shù)字化教學(xué)使教學(xué)資源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間和空間，人們可以隨時(shí)隨地通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)入數(shù)字化的虛擬學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。這使得人類(lèi)從接受一次性教育走向終身學(xué)習(xí)成為可能。

In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements.Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education.Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages.On one hand, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible;on the other hand, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere.These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.As an important part of the American culture value system, “individualism” is admired by most American people.Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members.In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically.What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual.With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices.Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant.Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.作為美國(guó)文化價(jià)值體系的一個(gè)重要組成部分，“個(gè)人主義”受到大多數(shù)美國(guó)人的推崇。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為家庭作為一個(gè)群體，其主要目的是促進(jìn)家庭各成員的幸福。與許多其他文化相比，美國(guó)家庭成員的主要職責(zé)，不是在社會(huì)上或經(jīng)濟(jì)上提高整個(gè)家庭的地位。人們通常認(rèn)為，什么是對(duì)個(gè)人最好的要比什么是對(duì)家庭最好的更為重要。與自由相伴而來(lái)的是照顧自己的責(zé)任，因?yàn)樗x擇的自由承載了責(zé)任，即必須接受自己的選擇所帶來(lái)的后果。許多美國(guó)人給他們的孩子很多的自由，因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ⒆觽兡軌颡?dú)立和自力更生。在美國(guó)人強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人自由的同時(shí)，父母與孩子間平等的信念也對(duì)美國(guó)家庭產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。

孝道（filial piety）是中國(guó)古代社會(huì)的基本道德規(guī)范（code of ethics）。中國(guó)人把孝視為人格之本、家庭和睦之本、國(guó)家安康之本。由于孝道是儒家倫理思想的核心，它成了中國(guó)社會(huì)千百年來(lái)維系家庭關(guān)系的道德準(zhǔn)則。它毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)是中華民族的一種傳統(tǒng)美德。孝道文化是一個(gè)復(fù)合概念，內(nèi)容豐富，涉及面廣。它既有文化理念，又有制度禮儀（institutional etiquette）。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，它指社會(huì)要求子女對(duì)父母應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)，包括尊敬、關(guān)愛(ài)、贍養(yǎng)老人等等。孝道是古老的“東方文明”之根本。

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society.Chinese people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony, and the nation's well-being.With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it has been the moral standard for the Chinese society to maintain the family relationship for thousands of years.It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue.The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range.It includes not only cultural ideas but also institutional etiquettes.Generally speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth.Filial piety is fundamental to the ancient “Oriental civilization”.Valentine's Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries.It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers.There are different origins regarding the festival.One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods.On February 14, Valentine was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer's daughter of blindness.The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed “From your Valentine”.Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones.Today, people celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners.The holiday has now become popular all over the world.In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.美洲和歐洲各國(guó)都會(huì)慶祝2月14日的情人節(jié)。這是一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)情和浪漫的節(jié)日，戀人之間通常都會(huì)交換情人卡和愛(ài)情信物。關(guān)于這個(gè)節(jié)日的起源有著不同的說(shuō)法。一個(gè)傳說(shuō)是羅馬人把一個(gè)叫圣瓦倫丁的神父關(guān)進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄，因?yàn)樗芙^相信羅馬神。2月14日那天，瓦倫丁被處死，不僅因?yàn)樗腔酵?，而且因?yàn)樗斡艘晃槐O(jiān)獄看守雙目失明的女兒。他在被處死的前一天晚上給她寫(xiě)了一封署名“你的瓦倫丁”的告別信。后來(lái)，2月14日就成了一個(gè)人們可以為他們的情人展示感情的節(jié)日。現(xiàn)在，人們以不同的方式慶祝情人節(jié)，他們發(fā)送賀卡、鮮花，贈(zèng)送巧克力或其他禮品，或共進(jìn)浪漫的晚餐?，F(xiàn)在這個(gè)節(jié)日已流行世界各地。在中國(guó)，這個(gè)節(jié)日也正越來(lái)越受年輕人的歡迎。

農(nóng)歷七月初七是中國(guó)的七夕節(jié)(Qixi Festival)，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中最具浪漫色彩的一個(gè)節(jié)日。一些大的商家每年都舉辦不同的活動(dòng)，年輕人也送禮物給他們的情人。因此，七夕節(jié)被認(rèn)為是中國(guó)的“情人節(jié)”(Valentine's Day)。七夕節(jié)來(lái)自牛郎與織女（Cowherd and Weaving Maid）的傳說(shuō)。相傳，每年的這個(gè)夜晚，天上的織女都會(huì)與牛郎相會(huì)。所以，在七夕的夜晚，人們可以看到牛郎織女在銀河（the Milky Way）相會(huì)。姑娘們也會(huì)在這一天晚上向天上的織女乞求智慧，以獲得美滿姻緣。但隨著時(shí)代的變遷，這些活動(dòng)正在消失，唯有標(biāo)志著忠貞愛(ài)情的牛郎織女的傳說(shuō)一直流傳民間。

July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic of all the traditional Chinese holidays.Every year, some big businesses organize various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers.As a result, the Qixi Festival is considered to be Chinese “Valentine's Day”.The Qixi Festival is derived from the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid.The legend holds that on this particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd.So, people can see Cowherd and Weaving Maid meeting in the Milky Way on the night of Qixi.On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom for a happy marriage.But, with the changing of times, these activities are diminishing.All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign of faithful love, continuously circulated among the folk.

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)課后翻譯

Unit one 翻譯

1)通過(guò)很多熱心人士的努力，慶祝儀式的資金準(zhǔn)備就緒了。(in place)

Money for the ceremony is in place through many warm-hearted people’s efforts.2)因?yàn)槟愫芸煽?，所以我愿意想你訴說(shuō)心里話。(pour our one’s heart)

I am willing to pour out my heart to you because you are reliable.3)雖然湯姆上個(gè)月才大學(xué)畢業(yè)，但是他工作起來(lái)和熟練工人一樣好。(as well as)

Although Tom graduated from college a month ago, he worked as well as a skilled worker.4)我們像人們介紹可持續(xù)發(fā)展如何與我們的日常說(shuō)話緊密相連，而且希望這個(gè)概念能夠深入人心。(take root in)

We explain to people how “sustainable development” is closely linked with our everyday life and hope that this concept can take root in our community.5)在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)兩年之后，這兩個(gè)兄弟把他的感受毫無(wú)拘束地說(shuō)了出來(lái)。(open up)

The two brothers opened up about their feelings two years after war broke out.Unit two 翻譯 1)由于他的努力，音樂(lè)會(huì)比我們預(yù)期的更成功。(thanks to)

Thanks to his effort, the concert is more successful than we have expected.2)因?yàn)樗腥说呐?，我們公司渡過(guò)了一個(gè)又一個(gè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。(pull through)

Because all of us work hard, our company has pulled through one economic crisis after another.3)大多數(shù)人都熱愛(ài)大自然、向往和平自由的美好生活。而沒(méi)有可持續(xù)發(fā)展，這一切都不太可能。(long for)

Most peoples love nature and long for peace and freedom, which is not quite possible without

sustainable development.4)博物館里的每一張照片都讓我們想起戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的殘酷(remind of)

Every photo in the museum reminds us of the cruelty of the war.5)你最好親自去，而不要派某個(gè)人代表你。(in person)

Instead of sending somebody on your behalf, you had better go in person.6)他預(yù)測(cè)在未來(lái)的幾年里這個(gè)地區(qū)不會(huì)發(fā)生地震。(break out)

He predicted that earthquakes would not break out in the next few years in this area.2.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1)市場(chǎng)的進(jìn)一步縮小將會(huì)導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的爆發(fā)。

2)因?yàn)槭啦?huì)，我們都很渴望有機(jī)會(huì)去上海。

3)我們的英語(yǔ)老師建議我們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上下載最新的英文電影。

4)如果沒(méi)人站出來(lái)說(shuō)出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的問(wèn)題，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目就不可能有所改進(jìn)。5)我們相信在朋友們的幫助下公司能渡過(guò)這場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

6)很多醫(yī)生對(duì)這個(gè)新型的感冒很困惑，并盡他們所能及早找到解決方法。