第一篇：2013綜合A閱讀理解

第四部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面都有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

第一篇

Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion

Given that a good year in the haute couture(高級(jí)定制女裝)business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was sensational.The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever.Jean—Paul Gaultier reported record sales.―But we don’t make any money out of it‖, the designer assured journalists backstage.―No matter how successful you are, you can’t make a profit from couture,‖ explained Jean—Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co—founder of the now—bankrupt Lacroix house.Almost 20 years have passed since the unusual economics of the couture business were first exposed.Outraged that he was Losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer published of his costs.One outfit he described curtained over half a mile of gold thread 1 8, 000sequins(亮片), and had required hundreds of hours of hand—stitching in an atelier(制作室).A fair price would have been~50, 000, but the couturier could only get~35, 000 for it.Rather than riding high on the foolishness of the super—rich, he and his team could barely feed their hungry families.The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government-and industry—sponsored inquiries into the surreal(超現(xiàn)實(shí)的)world of ultimate fashion.The trade continues to insist that couture offers you more than you pay for, but it’s not as simple as that.When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isn’t to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain.Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique(神秘), lucrative(利潤豐厚的)associations and threatened interests that couture represents.Essentially, the arguments couldn’t be simpler.On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn’t change.On the other are those who say it will die if it is highly dated.Huge in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life.In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims(一時(shí)興起)of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of

Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4.000.To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely handmade by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture.Each house must employ at least 20 people.and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year.So far, so traditional.But the Big Four operators——Chanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultier—increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready—to—wear, fragrance and accessory lines.31.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A.The haute couture business is expanding quickly.B.The haute couture designers make much profit in their sales.C.The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit.D.The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales.32.According to the second paragraph, Jean-Louis Scherrer_____.A.was in a worse financial position than other couturiers.B.was very angry as he was losing money.C.was one of the best-know couturiers.D.stopped producing haute couture dresses.33.The writer says that the outfit Jean-Louis Scherrer described_____.A.was worth the price that was paid for it.B.cost more to make than it should have.C.was never sold to anyone.D.should have cost the customer than it did.34.The writer says in Paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over_____.A.the history of haute couture.B.the future of haute couture.C.the real costs of haute couture.D.the changes that need to be made in haute couture.35.What is the writer’s tone toward haute couture business?

A.Somewhat ironical

B.Quite supportive.C.Fairly friendly.D.Rather indifferent.第二篇

On the Trial of the Honey Badger

On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers.The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert.Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behavior as discreetly(謹(jǐn)慎地)as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior.They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animal’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.―The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,‖ he says.―That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture.If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat.They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(兇惡的).Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.‖

The research confirmed many things that were already known.As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill.Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them.The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content.Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(獵物).The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups.They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time.Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal’s curiosity—or sudden aggression.The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal.It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers’ relaxed attitude when near humans.36.Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?

A.To find where honey badgers live.B.To catch some honey badgers for food.C.To observe how honey badgers behave.D.To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.37.What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?

A.They are always looking for food.B.They do not enjoy human company.C.They show interest in things they are not familiar with.D.It is common for them to attack people.38.What did the team find out about honey badgers?

A.There were some creatures they did not eat.B.They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C.Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.D.They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.39.Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?

A.They don’t run very quickly.B.They defend their territory from other badgers.C.They hunt over a very large area.D.They are more aggressive than females.40.What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?

A.They became less aggressive towards other creatures.B.They lost interest in people.C.They started eating more.D.Other animals started working with them.第三篇

Why So Many Children

In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate – from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these

women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children? Why don’t they limit the size of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead, they are expense.Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the world’s lowest.However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly, other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil.In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs.Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.41.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_____.A.can be an advantage.B.may limit income.C.isn’t necessary.D.is expensive.42.When countries become industrialized, _____.A.families often become larger.B.the birth rate generally goes down.C.women usually decide not have a family.D.the population generally grows rapidly.43.According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an_____.A.agricultural country with a high birth rate.B.agricultural country with a low birth rate.C.industrialized country with a low birth rate.D.industrialized country with a high birth rate.44.Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that_____.A.the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy.B.factors other than the economy influence birth rate.C.women who have a high income usually have few children.D.the birth rate depends on per capita income.45.In Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia, the government_____.A.is not concerned about the status of women.B.has tried to industrialize the country rapidly.C.does not allow women to work outside the home.D.has tried to improve the condition of women.

第二篇：《詹天佑》教材理解 《詹天佑》綜合資料

《詹天佑》教材理解 《詹天佑》綜合資料

教材說明：

這篇課文寫了詹天佑一生中最主要的事跡——主持修筑第一條完全由我國的工程技術(shù)人員設(shè)計(jì)、施工的京張鐵路，表現(xiàn)了詹天佑的愛國主義精神和卓越的才能，反映了中國人民的智慧和力量。

文章是按照先概括介紹，在具體敘述的方法安排材料的。全文分為四部分，先概括詹天佑是我國杰出的愛國工程師；然后，從當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)環(huán)境來交代詹天佑主持修筑京張鐵路的起因；接著，按照工程進(jìn)展的順序，從勘測(cè)線路、開鑿隧道和設(shè)計(jì)“人”字形線路三個(gè)方面來敘述詹天佑主持修筑京張鐵路的過程；最后，講京張鐵路提前兩年竣工及中外人民對(duì)詹天佑的贊揚(yáng)和懷念，點(diǎn)名事件的意義——有力地回?fù)袅说蹏髁x對(duì)中國人民的藐視和嘲笑。

詹天佑的愛國精神貫穿全文。在介紹修筑京張鐵路面臨的阻力和困難時(shí)，著重講了詹天佑面對(duì)帝國主義的狂妄自大和中國人民的極端藐視，為維護(hù)祖國的尊嚴(yán)而勇敢受命。在講修路過程時(shí)，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)，愛國主義精神式他戰(zhàn)勝一切艱難險(xiǎn)阻的動(dòng)力；創(chuàng)造性地開鑿隧道、設(shè)計(jì)人字形線路，是他愛國精神與卓越才能相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物。在京張鐵路提前兩年竣工時(shí)，著重說明，他的創(chuàng)造性的工作，長了中國人民的志氣，滅了帝國主義的威風(fēng)。

選編這篇課文，一是通過詹天佑的事跡，激發(fā)學(xué)生熱愛祖國、立志報(bào)國的思想感情以及在實(shí)踐中大膽創(chuàng)新的意識(shí)；二是以詹天佑這個(gè)人物或以鐵路建設(shè)為拓展點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生練習(xí)收集有關(guān)的資料?！白⒁馐占嘘P(guān)的資料”，是從本組開始的一個(gè)新的讀寫項(xiàng)目。教師的指導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)悟課文的內(nèi)容之前或之后，要注意抓住課文的拓展點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生收集有關(guān)的資料，擴(kuò)大閱讀面，加深對(duì)課文的感悟。重難點(diǎn)解析：

詹天佑是在怎樣的情況下接受主持修筑京張鐵路的任務(wù)的？這些內(nèi)容距離學(xué)生較遠(yuǎn)，學(xué)生不易理解。開始上課時(shí)，可讓學(xué)生交流對(duì)詹天佑以及當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)背景的了解；如果學(xué)生知道不多，教師可作簡要的介紹。同時(shí)結(jié)合地圖介紹一下京張鐵路的地理位置與地理環(huán)境。然后，著重組織學(xué)生練習(xí)課文第二、第三自然段的內(nèi)容展開討論：一個(gè)中國工程師在自己的國土上主持修筑一條鐵路，為什么會(huì)引起國內(nèi)外的轟動(dòng)？可以從帝國主義的阻撓、要挾、嘲笑，體會(huì)帝國主義對(duì)中國政府的蔑視。從備受帝國主義國家蔑視的中國工程師，不怕帝國主義的嘲笑，敢于接受這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，體會(huì)我國人民為“爭了一口氣”而揚(yáng)眉吐氣的興奮心情，以及對(duì)詹天佑的殷切希望。從帝國主義嘲笑的內(nèi)容，體會(huì)京張鐵路惡劣的地理環(huán)境。這樣，通過討論，讓學(xué)生充分感悟到，詹天佑為了維護(hù)祖國的尊嚴(yán)，頂著重重壓力，不怕種種困難，毅然接受主持修筑京張鐵路的任務(wù)，是受命于危難之際，為中國人民爭一口氣的壯舉，從而激發(fā)學(xué)生的愛國熱情。

詹天佑在修筑鐵路中遇到那些困難，是如何克服困難的？這個(gè)問題可以分為三個(gè)小問題。

在勘測(cè)線路過程中遇到什么困難，他是怎么說、怎么做的，為什么能這樣做？引導(dǎo)學(xué)生抓住詹天佑的言語、行動(dòng)以及想法的語句，體會(huì)詹天佑嚴(yán)肅的工作態(tài)度、身先士卒的工作作風(fēng)和張中國人民志氣的愛國之心。

在開鑿隧道的時(shí)候遇到什么困難，他是怎么克服的？可邊讀邊試著畫示意圖，說明詹天佑開鑿居庸關(guān)和八達(dá)嶺兩條隧道采用的不同方法。著重引導(dǎo)學(xué)生說說什么叫“從兩端同時(shí)向中間鑿進(jìn)”，什么叫“中部鑿井法”；從而體會(huì)詹天佑針對(duì)不同情況采用不同方法的靈活的創(chuàng)新思維，以及創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)來源于實(shí)踐的意識(shí)。

在青龍橋又遇到了什么困難，他是怎么克服的？引導(dǎo)學(xué)生體會(huì)“人”字形線路設(shè)計(jì)的大膽，方法的巧妙，從而感悟詹天佑勇于在實(shí)踐中大膽創(chuàng)新的精神。

第三篇：2014英語綜合C 閱讀理解小抄

The Travels of Ibn Battuta

What is the passage mainly about?Which of the following is closest in meaning to set off for in line 5? A.left to go to B.The adventures of Ibn Battuta.The Sultan of Delhi gave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because C.Ibn Battuta had Which of the following would the writer of this passage most likely agree with?Why did Ibn Battuta finally return to his home?studied in MeccaD.Ibn Battuta should be better known in the West today.D.The Sultan of Morocco asked him to return.Shark Attack!

4After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark_________.It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites_________.A.often let C.swam away humans escape are The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means_________.What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4? B.B.great whites'

C.We now know great whites don't mistake humans for other

A Letter from Alan

4Why has Alan written this letter?D.To inform other people about the builders’ plans.Why is Parson’s Place particularly important, in Alan’s opinion? What will cause traffic jams?C.Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature.A.A building on Parson’s Place.D.have less money Which of these posters has Alan made? B.SAY NO TO HOUSES ON PARSON’S PLACE An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of$300,000 is riskyAmerican students join campus organizations mostly for______ Who is Katie Rowley?What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end? Passion The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by____ C.polish A.Alan says that ordinary people who live in the town will probably soon______Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference D.will not take an interest in it C.building friendshipB.She’s a senior student

第四篇：英語閱讀理解之綜合訓(xùn)練一

英語閱讀理解之綜合訓(xùn)練一

一.先通讀，后細(xì)讀

If you know me well, you know I don't like birthday parties.At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me.① I enjoy them when they’re for other people, but when they’re for me, I just don't like them.I remember one birthday party some friends of mine had for me when I was a student at the university.Of course, I had told my best friend Henry that I didn't want a party and I made him promise he wouldn't do anything.He agreed.I should have known better than to believe him.②

On the day of my birthday, we got home from school at about, oh, I don't know, three or half past three.We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom and started to close the door when suddenly from behind the shower curtain(浴簾), a kind of strange female(女)voice started singing, “Happy birthday to you, happy birthday to you.”

And then from all over the room, people joined in.There were about fifteen people hiding everywhere in the room.They had got my roommate's key and got in earlier.They had all planned to come out of the hiding place just at the same time while singing.I guess I really upset their plans by going in just to wash my hands.③

1.Which of the following sentences is NOT true? A.I got home from school at 3 or 3:30 on the day of my birthday.B.I dislike birthday parties held for me.C.Henry agreed that he would not do anything on my birthday.D.I knew there were some of my friends hiding in my room.2.I usually went into the ______ when I got home from school.A.living room

B.bedroom

C.bathroom

D.diningroom

3.What did my friends plan to do?

A.They planned to leave the room as soon as possible.B.They planned to sing as loudly as they could.C.They planned to eat in the bathroom.D.They had planned to come out of hiding places together.難句注釋

① At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me.至少我不喜歡為我開的生日晚會(huì)。

② I should have known better than to believe him.我本應(yīng)知道他要做什么而不該相信他的。

should have known是虛擬語氣，意為“本應(yīng)知道而未知”。

③ I really upset their plans by going in...我進(jìn)去只是洗一下手，卻真的打亂了他們的計(jì)劃。

二.略讀: 在運(yùn)用這一方法閱讀文章時(shí)，要特別注意：①文章的標(biāo)題；②文章的首句或引導(dǎo)性段落；③文章尾部的結(jié)論性詞語；④反映段落中心思想的主題句。如果我們找到了每段的主題句，再將這些主題句集中在一起，就差不多能夠把握住全文的中心內(nèi)容了。

Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home.But you should not be upset(難受的)if your English friends don't invite you home.It doesn't mean they don't like you!

Dinner parties usually start between 7 and 8 p.m., and end at about 11.Ask your hosts what time you should arrive.It's polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks(小吃).① Do you want to be more polite? Say how much you like the room, or the picture on the wall.But remember—its not polite to ask how much things cost.In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at the other end.They eat with their guests.You'll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you'll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee.It's polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.②

Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thankyou letter.British and American people like to say “ Thank you, thank you, thank you.”all the time!

1.If you are going to attend a dinner party,____.A.you?d better bring a certain present with you

B.you must leave home for it at 7 p.m.C.you should ask your host when you should leave

D.you must arrive at it before 8 p.m.2.In which order will you eat or drink the following things at the meal?

A.Snacks, vegetables, meat and coffee.B.Coffee, drinks, soup, fish, vegetables and dessert.C.Soup, meat with vegetables, dessert and coffee.D.Drinks, soup, something small, fish and vegetables.3.Which is the correct way in which you express your enjoyment of the evening?

A.Before leaving for home, you should say, “Thank you for inviting me.”

B.When you shake hands with your host, you should say, “I did enjoy the evening.”

C.You can write a thank-you letter to your host after that.D.You should finish everything on your plate and take more if you want it.難句注釋

① Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks.通常晚宴都是以一些飲料和小吃開始的。② Its polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.禮貌的做法是吃完你盤里的所有食物，如果還想吃的話再添一些。句首的it是形式主語。

三.查讀: 查讀(scanning)，也稱為掃描式閱讀，是指用較短的時(shí)間快速掃視文章，查找具體信息或相關(guān)事實(shí)與細(xì)節(jié)的閱讀技巧。查讀有一定的目的性，是帶著問題尋找答案的閱讀方法，在考試中具有很高的實(shí)用價(jià)值。

Last year I went to Nepal(尼泊爾)for three months to work in a hospital.I think it's important to see as much of a country as you can, but it is difficult to travel around Nepal.The hospital let me have a few days holiday, so I decided to go into the jungle(叢林)and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go with me.We started our trip at six in the morning with two elephants carrying our equipment.It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.① In the jungle there was a lot of wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers.We climbed onto the elephants backs to see better, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sleep in the daytime.Then, in the distance, we saw a tiger, and Kamal told me to be very quiet.We moved nearer and found a dead deer.This was the tigers lunch!I started to feel very frightened.We heard the tiger a second before we saw it.It jumped out suddenly, five hundred kilos plus and four meters long.It grabbed(咬住)Kamal's leg between its teeth, but I succeeded(成功)in pulling Kamal away.② One of our elephants ran at the tiger and made it go back into the grass, so we quickly escaped to let the tiger eat its lunch.That night it was impossible to sleep.1.The writer of the passage must be____.A.a Nepalese doctor

B.a foreign tourist

C.a Nepalese traveler D.a foreign doctor 2.What made the writer suddenly start to feel very frightened? A.He heard the noise of the tiger.B.He saw the tiger in the distance.C.He realized that they were in danger.D.He knew that the tiger was in danger.3.What was unusual about the tiger?

A.It hunted a deer on a hot afternoon.B.It was 500 kilos plus and four meters long.C.It was afraid of an elephant.D.It almost killed the Nepalese guide.難句注釋

① It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.盡管天很熱，但Kamal卻讓我穿上了長褲和鞋以保護(hù)自己不受蛇的傷害。

② It grabbed Kamals leg between its teeth, but I succeeded in pulling Kamal away.它緊緊咬住Kamal 的腿，可我還是成功地將Kamal 拉走了。

四.默讀：專家認(rèn)為，做閱讀理解不應(yīng)該是讀，而應(yīng)該是看。默讀有利于發(fā)展閱讀者的內(nèi)部語言，有利于強(qiáng)化理解，有利于提高閱讀速度。測(cè)試表明，我們朗讀時(shí)，一分鐘能念125個(gè)字就已很不錯(cuò)了，而默讀時(shí)，每分鐘可讀150個(gè)字以上，有人閱讀小說時(shí)甚至可達(dá)每分鐘600字。

As one comes to some crossroads, he or she sees a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead.① At other crossroads, drivers have to go slow, but they do not actually have to stop unless, of course, there is something coming along the main road;and at still others, they do not have either to stop or to go slow, because they are themselves on the main road.Mr Williams, who was always a very careful driver, was driving home from work one evening when he came to a crossroad.It had a “SLOW” sign.He slowed down when he came to the main road, looked both ways to see that nothing was coming, and then drove across without stopping completely.At once he heard a police whistle(口哨聲), so he pulled into the side of the road and stopped.② A policeman walked over to him with a notebook and a pen in his hand and said, “You didnt stop at that crossing.”

“But the sign there doesn't say ?STOP?.” answered Mr Williams, “It just says ?SLOW?, and I did go slow.”

The policeman looked around him, and a look of surprise came over his face.③ Then he put his notebook and pen away, scratched(抓)his head and said, “Well，I'm in the wrong street！”

1.Mr Williams was driving ____ one evening.A.to a party

B.to his office

C.home after work

D.to work from home 2.When he was stopped by a policeman, he ____.A.was driving at a high speed

B.was driving onto the main road

C.was going to stop his car

D.was driving slowly

3.Though slowly, Mr Williams continued driving at the crossing because____.A.he didn't see any “STOP” sign there

B.he paid no attention to the traffic rules

C.he didn't have to stop

D.he was eager to get home 4.Looking round Mr Williams, the policeman was surprised because____.A.he met a mad man

B.he realized that he himself was mistaken

C.Mr Williams dared to speak to him like that

D.Mr Williams would not apologize to him 難句注釋

①a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead.一個(gè)讓駕駛員到了主干道就得停下來的標(biāo)牌。

②pull into the side of the road and stop 轉(zhuǎn)向路邊并停了下來

③The policeman looked around him, and a look of surprise came over his face.這個(gè)警察朝他的周圍看了看，臉上露出驚訝的表情。

五.注意閱讀速度：

一個(gè)人的閱讀能力的高低決定了他能否快速高效地吸收有用信息。合理的快速閱讀可以使閱讀者思想高度集中，在閱讀中積極思維，不時(shí)作出歸納、演繹、對(duì)比、推測(cè)，正確理解篇章大意。沒有一定的閱讀速度，就不能順利地輸入信息，閱讀理解的成效也會(huì)大大地降低。

高考要求每分鐘讀60個(gè)字，但我們?cè)谄匠＞毩?xí)時(shí)應(yīng)達(dá)到并超過這個(gè)基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以便在高考中能給自己擠出更多時(shí)間去進(jìn)行思考。我們要培養(yǎng)快速閱讀的能力，就必須克服指讀、回讀、重讀等不良習(xí)慣，不要把注意力過度集中在孤立的單詞上，以致于對(duì)整句、整段的意思把握不清。與此同時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)注意運(yùn)用多種閱讀技巧，如略讀、掃讀、跳讀等來搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，理清文章脈絡(luò)，把握語篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

Julia lived in the countryside, but one year she decided to visit the capital city to do some shopping and to see the sights.She stayed at a hotel near the central market.She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar(乞丐).He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth.Please give generously(慷慨地).①”

Julia felt sorry for the blind beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl.“Thank you.” he said.The same thing happened again the following day.On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin.She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggars bowl.“What have I done wrong?” the beggar said, “Why are you so stingy(吝嗇的)today?” Julia was very surprised at what the beggar said.“How do you know I haven't given you a dollar?” she said, “If you’re blind you can't know what coin I put into your bowl.” “Ah,” explained the beggar,“The truth is that I'm not blind.I'm just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he’s on holiday.②” “On holiday?” Julia said, “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday?”

“He goes into the countryside,” the man said, “and takes photographs.He's a very good photographer.”

1.Where was the beggar sitting? A.Between Julia's hotel and the market.B.In the busiest part of the city.C.Outside the shops.D.In the market.2.On the first two days, ____.A.the blind man waited for Julia

B.Julia gave the blind man some money C.the blind man demanded money from Julia

D.Julia gave him nothing 3.On the third day, the blind man____.A.accepted Julia's fifty cents quite happily

B.noticed that Julia had only given him fifty cents C.refused Julia's fifty cents

D.also received one dollar from Julia 難句注釋

① He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth.Please give generously.” 他舉著一個(gè)告示，上面寫著“生來雙目失明，請(qǐng)慷慨解囊！”。

② I’m just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he’s on holiday.那個(gè)經(jīng)常在這兒的乞丐度假去了，我只是幫他照看一下場(chǎng)子。

自我檢測(cè):

時(shí)間： 20 分鐘

共17題

對(duì)_______題

認(rèn)識(shí)_______新單詞 Passage 1

If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak;when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again.Everybody knows that.Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way.When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it.When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his fault.But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, and few of us know that it is just his own fault.Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things;they cannot write them down in a little notebook.They have to remember days, names, songs and stories;so their memory is the whole time being exercised.1.The main reason for one's poor memory is that ______.A.his father or mother may have a poor memory

B.he does not use his arms or legs for some time C.his memory is not often used

D.he can't read or write 2.If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, _______.A.you can't use them any more

B.they will become stronger C.they will become weak and won't become strong until you use them again D.they will become weak but they slowly become strong again 3.Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.B.Your memory like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance for practice.C.Don't learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.D.A good memory comes from more practice.4.Some people can't read or write, but they usually have better memories, because_______.A.they have saved much trouble

B.they have saved much time to remember things C.they have to use their memories all the time

D.they can't write everything in a little notebook 5.Give the best title for this passage.A.Don't Stop Using Your Arms Or Legs

B.How To Have A Good Memory C.Strong Arms And Good Memories

D.Learn From The People 詞匯擴(kuò)展

① memory n.記憶力 ② fault n.過錯(cuò)

③ blame v.受指責(zé) ④ title n.標(biāo)題 Passage 2

Fish hear sounds, though they have simply no ears outside their bodies.However, fish do have ears inside their bodies, near the brain, and they hear very well with them.Some fish have been taught to recognize the difference between sounds better than some human beings do.Many underwater animals make noises only by chance while they are doing something else.Other sounds are real communications of a simple sort, telling one fish of the presence and direction of another.A few noises may be warning messages or discovery of food, etc.The earliest scientific report on fish sounds referred to one of these.A new field in science is learning to recognize and use underwater birds and other land creatures by their calls.But this method is a greater challenge than bird-watching, for many of the animals of the sea cannot be followed in any other known way.Their voices cry for attention.Yet we still have too little knowledge about many of the call makers which will some day be made known more fully.It is as though the great oceans were for daring man to invade them and to learn the secrets of the place from which his forefathers came so long ago.1.After reading the passage, we can conclude that _______.A.many fish often make meaningless noises

B.sound cannot pass through some fish bodies C.sound waves can easily be felt by fish bodies

D.some fish can easily understand some land creatures' calls 2.Recognizing underwater animals _______.A.is totally different from recognizing land creatures by their calls B.is more difficult than recognizing land creatures by their calls C.will change people's knowledge of fish

D.is more or less a battle 3.One of the earliest scientific reports on fish sounds was about ______.A.noises made occasionally by underwater animals

B.some sort of communication between fish C.the difference between sounds

D.what sort of fish the call maker was 4.From the last sentence, we can learn that_______.A.the human beings have invaded the oceans for long

B.more secrets of the great oceans are to be found out C.only very brave people can make use of the great ocean D.people are fighting each other to become the masters of the great oceans 詞匯擴(kuò)展

① presence n.存在 ② invade v.涌入

Passage 3

If you are like most people, your intelligence is different from season to season.You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of the year.A well-known scientist, Ellsworth Huntington(1876－1947), concluded from other men's work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have an obvious effect on our mental abilities.He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than summer heat.This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year.It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking.One reason may be that in the spring man's mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.Fall is the next best season, then winter.As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation ROM thinking!1.Huntington based his conclusion on _______.A.records of changes in his own intelligence

B.work with peoples in different climates

C.records of temperature changes

D.all of the above 2.Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have _______.A.a great effect on everyone's intelligence

B.effect on most people's intelligence

C.effect on only a few people's intelligence

D.no effect on people's intelligence 3.One possible reason why spring is the best season for thinking is that _______.A.all nature, including man, is growing then

B.it lasts longer than the other seasons C.it is neither too warm nor too cold

D.both A and C 4.The best seasons for thinking seem to be _______.A.spring and fall

B.winter and summer

C.summer and spring

D.fall and winter 5.According to the selection, vacation from thinking should be taken _______.A.several times throughout the year

B.during spring and fall

C.during the summer

D.as seldom as possible 詞匯擴(kuò)展

① intelligence n.智力 ② climate n.③ abilities n.④ tend to be 往往是

⑤ factor n.因素 ⑥ vacation n.假期

Passage 4 Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground.You can not jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard.The pull of the earth is called gravity.You can easily find out the pull of the earth.If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.Since there is gravity, water runs downhill.When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down.Because of gravity you do not fall off the earth as it whirls around.Then can we get a way from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented.The spaceship will go fast.It can escape the earth's gravity and carry you into space.1.In this passage, the word “gravity” means _______.A.the force of attraction among objects

B.the force which attracts the earth towards the sun C.the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth

D.the pull of everything 2.When you slip on something, you _______.A.sometimes fall down to ground

B.always fall down to the ground C.never fall down to the ground

D.go up into the air 3.Gravity is so strong that _______.A.it makes you jump only seven feet

B.it makes you go up into the air

C.it can keep everything on earth

D.it can throw a ball into the air 詞匯擴(kuò)展

① whirl v.旋轉(zhuǎn) ② attract v.吸引

③ slip vi.滑倒

英語閱讀之美文背誦

Three Days to See(Excerpts)假如給我三天光明（節(jié)選）

All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.Sometimes it was as long as a year, sometimes as short as 24 hours.But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed hero chose to spend his last days or his last hours.I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances.What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with gentleness, vigor and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come.There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry”.But most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed.He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values.It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us, however, take life for granted.We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future.When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable.We seldom think of it.The days stretch out in an endless vista.So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses.Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight.Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life.But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties.Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation.It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight;silence would teach him the joys of sound.一.本文講述了作者的朋友們想為他開生日party以給他意外驚喜的事。

1.D.由第三段 “I went into the bathroom...when suddenly from behind...”可知“我”并不知情。

2.C.由第二段 “We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom...” 推知。

3.D.由最后一段 “They had all planned to come out of...just at the same time”推知。二.本文主要介紹了應(yīng)邀參加英美人舉辦的家庭晚宴需注意的一些禮節(jié)。

1.A.由第二段“Its polite to bring...as a gift.”得知。

2.C.按第三、五兩段中提出的進(jìn)餐順序可選出答案。

3.C.四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C符合文末提出的感謝宴請(qǐng)的方式。三.本文描述了作者和向?qū)г谀岵礌枀擦衷庥隼匣⒌慕?jīng)歷。

1.D.據(jù)首句得知。

2.C.由第二段得知，作者感到害怕的原因是意識(shí)到處境危險(xiǎn)。

3.A.由第一段末句 “...it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon” 推知。

四.本文講述了一個(gè)人明明遵守了交通規(guī)則，但由于警察自己站錯(cuò)了街道位置而產(chǎn)生了誤會(huì)的故事。

1.C.文中第二段提到“...was driving home from work.”。

2.B.第二段中提到“He slowed down when he came to the main road...”。

3.C.根據(jù)文章意思，Mr Williams 只需要慢行，不必停下來。

4.B.根據(jù)文中“I'm in the wrong street!”可知警察最后知道是他自己弄錯(cuò)了。

五.本文講述了Julia出于同情給了一個(gè)自稱失明的乞丐幾次錢后，發(fā)現(xiàn)該乞丐是假裝失明來騙錢的真相的故事。1.A.從第二段第一句“...as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar.”中可得出答案。2.B.從文中可以看出是Julia因?yàn)橥槟莻€(gè)乞丐而主動(dòng)給錢的。

3.B.乞丐注意到Julia只給了平時(shí)的一半時(shí)很不高興，但并沒有拒絕。

自我檢測(cè)：1.CCCCB

2.CBBB

3.BBAAC

4.CBC

第五篇：我對(duì)綜合實(shí)踐課的理解

我對(duì)綜合實(shí)踐課的理解

鄖西縣上津鎮(zhèn)初級(jí)中學(xué) 張緒軍

一、綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)是基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革當(dāng)中提出來的一項(xiàng)重要的必修課程

1.以學(xué)生經(jīng)驗(yàn)和生活為核心來組織課程，是一門實(shí)踐性的課程 2.它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是實(shí)踐能力，通過實(shí)踐活動(dòng)來強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新意識(shí)，綜合運(yùn)用知識(shí)的能力；強(qiáng)調(diào)參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)或加強(qiáng)社會(huì)聯(lián)系，提高社會(huì)責(zé)任感以及在這個(gè)過程中加強(qiáng)技術(shù)意識(shí)、信息技術(shù)的運(yùn)用

3在操作上有特殊性，具有典型的三級(jí)管理的特征：國家規(guī)定、地方指導(dǎo)、校本開發(fā)。

4.綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容。它的內(nèi)容指向就變成了研究型學(xué)習(xí)、社區(qū)服務(wù)、社會(huì)實(shí)踐。

5.綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)能充分展示學(xué)生的個(gè)性特長，有些在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)成績差而默默無聞的學(xué)生在綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中卻展現(xiàn)出了極強(qiáng)的動(dòng)手能力和思維遷移能力。

綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，國家只給了名稱，是必修的，學(xué)校不能不開設(shè)。校本課程與綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)有一些區(qū)別：綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)屬于國家課程，原則上講只屬于國家課程的一部分。

二、綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)課程是在教師指導(dǎo)下，學(xué)生自主進(jìn)行的綜合性學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)

1.特點(diǎn)：自主性、整體性、開放性、實(shí)踐性、生成性

2.綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)中，教師是對(duì)學(xué)生整個(gè)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的指導(dǎo)而非只對(duì)學(xué)生 掌握知識(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)活動(dòng)。

3.教師的指導(dǎo)更多的是一種個(gè)性化的指導(dǎo)，而非統(tǒng)一的指導(dǎo)。

三、核心問題：探討實(shí)現(xiàn) 學(xué)科教學(xué)與綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)整合的條件與操作要領(lǐng)

1.學(xué)習(xí)本專題的主要目標(biāo)：使老師了解綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)與學(xué)科教學(xué)的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系；領(lǐng)會(huì)二者的整合對(duì)于深化學(xué)習(xí)、促進(jìn)學(xué)生多方面發(fā)展的意義；掌握二者相互結(jié)合、滲透或延伸等的方法。

2.本專題的特色：以案例分析為主體，配合專題講座、問題討論等多種課程形態(tài)構(gòu)成一個(gè)理論性和情境性、學(xué)習(xí)思考與實(shí)踐體驗(yàn)相結(jié)合，體現(xiàn) “學(xué)思結(jié)合”、“知行統(tǒng)一”原則的課程體系，它不僅有助于教師通過 案例學(xué)會(huì)處理類似情景下的教學(xué)與活動(dòng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)近遷移；更重要的是有助于教師在感性與理性的交相呼應(yīng)中能夠舉一反三，在新情境中運(yùn)用所學(xué)原理，實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)遷移。

四、要組織好、管理好綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)必須要了解綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的政策意義

1.義務(wù)教育階段的課程內(nèi)容是四個(gè)指向：信息技術(shù)教育、研究性學(xué)習(xí)、社區(qū)服務(wù)與社會(huì)實(shí)踐、勞動(dòng)與技術(shù)教育。高中階段有一些差異。

2.以學(xué)生經(jīng)驗(yàn)和生活為核心來組織課程，是一門實(shí)踐性的課程.3.綜合實(shí)踐活動(dòng)有一定的特殊性。具有典型的三級(jí)管理的特征：國家規(guī)定、地方指導(dǎo)、校本開發(fā)。

五、“知識(shí)來源于活動(dòng)，沒有主體對(duì)客體的活動(dòng)，就不可能產(chǎn)生反映或認(rèn)識(shí)”

“兒童要高度活動(dòng)。在活動(dòng)中，讓兒童動(dòng)腦、動(dòng)手，進(jìn)行探索。通過 活動(dòng)逐步豐富兒童的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)?！薄霸诮虒W(xué)過程中，要通過兒童自身積極的活動(dòng)，讓兒童探究、發(fā)現(xiàn)知識(shí)”。

例如學(xué)生對(duì)金錢河的水質(zhì)調(diào)查：水解物廠下游水污染非常嚴(yán)重，下游的水變黑了，水中的魚基本消失了，水草葉枯黃了，調(diào)查期間還有一頭牛因喝河水而死。是什么物質(zhì)讓水污染如此嚴(yán)重呢？

學(xué)生對(duì)污染水的水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)我上課經(jīng)常安排學(xué)生做課外實(shí)踐活動(dòng)，在上到水的污染時(shí)，那時(shí)我們學(xué)校周圍有兩個(gè)黃姜水解物加工廠。于是，我安排學(xué)生調(diào)查水解物廠下游的水的污染情況，結(jié)果令人吃驚：水解物廠下游水污染非常嚴(yán)重，下游的水變黑了，水中的魚基本消失了，水草葉枯黃了，調(diào)查期間還有一頭牛因喝河水而死。是什么物質(zhì)讓水污染如此嚴(yán)重呢？學(xué)生對(duì)污染水的水質(zhì)監(jiān)測(cè)：

1.取水樣，學(xué)生們?cè)趦蓚€(gè)水解物廠的排污水口取來多瓶水樣 2.分別對(duì)水樣中的污染情況進(jìn)行了測(cè)定：PH值，碳酸根離子，銀離子，硫酸根離子等進(jìn)行了測(cè)定

3.結(jié)果，PH值為2，硫酸根離子，氯離子等嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)

4.交流，同學(xué)們通過熱烈的交流達(dá)成了共識(shí)：水污染了環(huán)境就破壞了；環(huán)境不容破壞;環(huán)境破環(huán)了，人類及生物就沒有了生存的條件。

我的一節(jié)生物課實(shí)踐課，在上到生物的生存環(huán)境后，帶學(xué)生到大山實(shí)踐，不一會(huì)兒學(xué)生在老師的指導(dǎo)下就分別找到了不同植物類別：苔蘚，蕨類裸子植物，被子植物。并且能分別很快發(fā)現(xiàn)這些植物的生存環(huán)境。通過提問題，制定計(jì)劃和方案，實(shí)地考察后，學(xué)生交流收獲很大。

某專家三次講課遇上“蛇”——實(shí)踐活動(dòng)有益于學(xué)生的發(fā)展 1第一次講蛇與莊稼——學(xué)生在聽與練中掌握雙基 2.第二次講蛇與莊稼——發(fā)展自主學(xué)習(xí)能力，解決書本上問題的能力，掌握書本知識(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)知識(shí)的近遷移（將學(xué)到的知識(shí)運(yùn)用于相似的情境）。

3.第三次講蛇與莊稼——發(fā)展探索能力、獲取新知識(shí)能力、解決實(shí)際問題的能力，創(chuàng)新的能力。實(shí)現(xiàn)知識(shí)的遠(yuǎn)遷移（將掌握的原理用于解決新情境中的問題）。

課堂上，孩子們用從網(wǎng)絡(luò)、書籍中收集到的資料揭示了蛇與莊稼、貓與苜蓿之間存在聯(lián)系的本質(zhì)屬性——生物鏈；我們共同討論了幾種使莊稼獲得豐收的科學(xué)的、新穎的方法；師生共同探討了生活中繽紛的簡單聯(lián)系、復(fù)雜聯(lián)系；當(dāng)堂因?yàn)橐恍幷摬幌碌膯栴}上網(wǎng)尋求答案。孩子們?cè)诜e極參與的過程中迸發(fā)出來的智慧火花使整節(jié)課充滿了活力。