第一篇：牙齒矯正后要怎樣護理？

牙齒矯正后要怎樣護理？

現(xiàn)在我們越來越多的會選擇牙齒矯正手術(shù)，因為牙齒矯正能幫助我們盡量修復(fù)好牙齒。但是，是不是每個人都知道牙齒矯正后的護理工作呢？下面上海仁愛醫(yī)院口腔專家針對此做出的相關(guān)介紹，希望對大家有所幫助。

口腔專家介紹說，美容冠牙齒美容技術(shù)是一種新興牙齒美容技術(shù)，在傳統(tǒng)烤瓷牙的基礎(chǔ)上強調(diào)牙齒的美容效果，對錯位牙、畸形牙的臨床冠部分施以專業(yè)手段，最后用美容冠加以修復(fù)。具有美牙不拔牙、無痛苦、時間短、牙齒堅固、多年后牙齦不會出現(xiàn)黑線等優(yōu)點，從而達到終生有保障的美牙效果。

牙齒矯正后要怎樣護理？

1、注意飲食：

固定矯治器是用教固劑將矯治器粘結(jié)到牙齒上，正畸期間盡量避免食用過硬的食物，以免損壞矯治器零件，使矯治力量中斷，延長療程。此外，為了防止蛀牙也應(yīng)該少食用甜食。

2、戴用保持器：

牙合畸形矯正后，不要以為就沒事了，為了保持好正畸的效果，要認真戴用一段時間的保持器，定期復(fù)診。

3、注意口腔衛(wèi)生：

戴用活動矯治器或固定矯治器都要保持口腔衛(wèi)生，尤其是固定矯治器，由于矯治器粘固在牙齒上，不能取下刷牙，且矯治器周圍極易存留食物殘渣，造成細菌大量繁殖。因此，求美者要養(yǎng)成飯后刷牙的習慣，每次刷牙不少于5分鐘，采用橫豎交替法，使用含氟牙膏，活動矯治器也要用牙膏刷洗干凈。

4、定期復(fù)診：

牙齒正畸治療需要不斷加力調(diào)整，所以需要求美者按照醫(yī)囑定期到醫(yī)院復(fù)診，調(diào)整矯治力度達到最佳的矯治效果。

溫馨提醒：以上是關(guān)于“牙齒矯正后要怎樣護理”的相關(guān)介紹，希望對您有所幫助，如果您還有什么問題或者有什么不明白的地方，可以點擊在線咨詢，專家會根據(jù)您的具體情況進行具體的分析，詳細客觀的解答您的所有問題。

第二篇：航海英語50期矯正后 Microsoft Word 文檔

三副航海英語機考50期 903 矯正后答案(2011-04-21 12:46:55)

標簽：

分類： 考試與補考重修

三副 航海英語 機考 50期 903 矯正后 答案 教育

50期 903英語機考題目匯編

1,[2286]Some of these shoals have been disproved and are not charted．Nevertheless mariners should ______ with particular caution in this area． A.go B.proceed C.move D.remove KEY: B 2,[136]Information on the operating times and characteristics of foreign radiobeacons can be found in which publication? A.List of Lights B.Coast Pilot C.Sailing Directions D.List of Radiobeacons KEY: A 3[247]A red triangular daymark marks ______.A.the centerline of a navigable channel B.the starboard side of a channel C.a prominent object of navigational interest that has no lateral significance D.an area of a channel where passing another vessel is permitted KEY: B 4[293]What information is found in the chart title? A.Date of the first edition B.Date of the edition and，if applicable，the revision C.Information on the sounding datum D.Information on which IALA buoyage system applies KEY: C 5[284]The maximum difference between mean time and apparent time is ______.A.equal to the longitude expressed in time units B.about 16 minutes C.the difference between the GHA of mean sun and the first point of Aries D.15°of arc KEY: B 6[279]The chart of a beach area shows a very flat slope to the underwater beach bottom.What type of breakers can be expected when trying to land a boat on this beach? A.Surging B.Spilling C.Plunging D.Converging KEY: B 7,the broken magenta lines starting at Mountank point and running generally ENE to Block Island indicate ___A_____ A recommended tracks to Block Island B a submerged cable area C a military exercise area D demarcation [?di:mɑ:?ke???n] 分界線lines for application of the COLREGS 8 navigate with _D___ small fishing boats are within 0.8miles of me A carefulil B skill C concern D caution 9[469]Mariners are FIRST warned of serious defects or important changes to aids to navigation by means of ______.A.marine broadcast Notice to Mariners B.Weekly Notices to Mariners C.corrected editions of charts D.Light Lists KEY: A 10[353]All events relating to the voyage，such as ship's position，speed and details of the weather，are recorded in ______.同原題庫2246 A.Logbook B.Bell Book C.Oil Record Book D.Compass Error Book KEY: A所有與航次有關(guān)的事件，諸如船位，航速和氣象的詳細資料都被記錄在航海日記中。11[377]Prior to burning or welding on a fuel tank on a ship, regulations require that an inspection be made.An entry in the unofficial logbook is required if this inspection is made by ______.A.a marine chemist B.the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection C.the Master or person in charge of the ship D.the National Fire Protection Association KEY: C在船上燃油艙燒焊之前，規(guī)則要求進行檢查。假如檢查由船長或船舶負責的人員完成，則要求記錄非正式航海日志 12[622]I have ______ damage below water line.同原題庫0327 A.large B.big C.important D.major KEY: D我船水線下有較大的損壞。

13___D__ the torn bags of castor seeds you mentioned we have already replaced them by new ones.A regard B regards C regarded D regarding 14who checks the bridge clock for accuracy each day? B A third officer B second officer C chief officer D assistant officer 15 Which signal of the follwings is not provided with onboard lifeboat? A.Rocket parachute signals B.Buoyant smoke signals C.Hand flare signals D.Self-igniting signals 答案：D下列哪種信號在救生艇上不配備？自動點火信號 16[5405]A qualified deck officer should be ______ the watch． A.in charge of B.arranged C.decided to D.the depth of KEY: A 17.Emergency compressed air breathing escape sets onboard, shall have a duration of service no less than _____.A.20 minutes B.15 minutes C.10 minutes D.5 minutes 答案：B船上應(yīng)急壓縮空氣呼吸逃生裝置使用時間不少于15分鐘

18114.According to SOLAS the breathing air apparatus that must be onboard shall have sufficient capacity for how many minutes of operation? A.20 B.30 C.45 D.60 答案：B根據(jù)SOLAS公約，船上必須配備的呼吸器裝置應(yīng)該有足夠的能力支持多少分鐘？ 127.Where should you record the crude oil washing after completion? A.Oil Record Book B.Cow manual C.Pumping Log D.Inter plant manual 答案：A完成原油洗艙后你需要記錄什么？油料記錄簿 83.Shipboard Emergency Drills must be carried out at least_____? A.Once every third year B.Once a month C.Once a year D.Once a week 答案：B船舷應(yīng)急計劃必須執(zhí)行至少每一個月一次

21,In anchoring orders , UP AND DOWN means__C__(老題庫上的題)A the chain is not upright B the chain is tight C the chain is upright D the chain is slack 22 it is all right to rig the pilot ladder on lee side__A___ A to allow port Authorities to board B allowing port Authorities to board C to allow port Authorities boarding D allowing port Authorities to be boarded 23[4777]A spring line is ______.A.any wire rope used for mooring B.a fire-warp C.a mooring line running diagonally to the keel D.a mooring line perpendicular to the keel KEY: C 24[1317] Vessel towing with the current shall __C__ tow more than two boats and they must be towed alongside.A.at times B.at any time C.at no time D.at moment 25[1868] Your ship is steaming at night with the gyropilot engaged.You notice that the vessel’s course is slowly changing to the right.Which action should you take FIRST?__B____.A.Notify the engine room of the steering malfunction.B.Change to hand steering.C.Call the Master D.Send the Quartermaster to the emergency steering station.26when you are steering on a pair of range lights and find the upper light is in line above the lower light ,you should _A____ A continue on the present course B come left C come right D wait until the lights are no longer in a vertical line 27[1685] Which vessel is underway according to the Rules?___B___ A.A vessel made fast to a single point mooring buoy B.A purse seiner hauling her nets C.A pilot vessel at anchor D.A vessel which has run aground 28[2458]A vessel is in sight of another vessel when ______.A.she can be observed by radar B.she can be observed visually from the other vessel C.she can be plotted on radar well enough to determine her heading D.her fog signal can be heard KEY: B 29 0365 Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper lookout ______.A.By sight.B.By sight and hearing.C.By sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances.D.By sight and hearing as well as by all available means except smelling.KEY：C每一船舶應(yīng)一直通過視覺，聽覺和一切適用于當時環(huán)境的適合手段保持適當?shù)牧送?老題庫)30[1475] When is a stand-on vessel FIRST allowed by the Rules to take action in order to avoid collision? B A.When the two vessels are less than half a mile from each other.B.When the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action to avoid collision.C.When collision is imminent.D.The stand-on vessel is never allowed to take action.31[210]A light signal consisting of three flashes means ______.A.I am in doubt as to your actions B.My engines are full speed astern C.I desire to overtake you D.I am operating astern propulsion KEY: D 32[2703]______ means the curve on the earth's surface which cuts all the meridians at the same angle．

A.Great Circle B.Position Line C.Rhumb line羅盤方位；恒向線 D.True Bearing KEY: C 33[1749]Which word indicates color variation in the characteristics of a light? A.Opposing B.Changing C.Reversing D.Alternating---交替的，交流的，互光的，互光（指周期性變色的航標燈）KEY: D哪一個詞說明燈光特性中的顏色變化？互光 34[2674]A SEAMARK，I.E.A BUOY，INDICATING THE NORTH，EAST，SOUTH OR WEST FROM A FIXED POINT，E.G.A WRECK is ______.A.Entrance buoy B.New buoy C.Port buoy D.Cardinal buoy KEY: D 35[821] Mean high water is the average height of _D_____ A.the higher high waters B.the lower high waters C.the lower of the two daily tides D.all high waters 36[149]The meaning of ebb tide is that ______.A.tide is falling from high water to low water B.tide is rising from low water to high water C.tide is reaching to a highest level D.tide is reaching to a lowest level KEY: A 37[5569]After transferring a weight forward on a vessel，the draft at the center of flotation will ______.A.change，depending on the location of the LCG B.increase C.decrease D.remain constant KEY: D 38[5575]If the buoyant force on a ship's hull is equal to the displacement tonnage，the ship will ______.A.require ballast B.be down by the head C.sink D.float KEY: D 39[5588]Reducing the liquid free surfaces in a vessel reduces the ______.A.roll period B.metacentric height C.waterplane area D.vessel's draft KEY: A 40 2116 How should you signal the crane operator to raise the boom?(老題庫)A.Extend arm with the thumb pointing up and flex the fingers in and out.B.Place both fists in front of the body with the thumbs pointing upward.C.With forearm vertical and forefinger pointing up, move hand in small horizontal circles.D.Extend arm with fingers closed and point thumb upward.D你應(yīng)怎樣指揮起貨機手提升吊桿？伸開臂膀手指握緊拇指向上 41 71.Where is the draft largest when the ship has an aft trim? A.Forward B.Aft C.Midships D.The drafts are equal all over the ship 答案：B當船舶尾傾時最大吃水在哪里？船尾 42 [3207]Filler cargo refers to ______.A.durable packages B.small pieces C.the cargo in which the voids appear D.the cargo suitable for stowage in void spaces KEY: D 43[3221]Strong smelling cargo should be stowed ______ the cargo absorbing foreign smell． A.together with B.on top of C.underneath D.away from KEY: D 44[4388]The damaged cargo is not allowed to export without ______.A.repairing or replacing B.to repair or to replace C.being repaired or replaced D.to be repaired or replaced KEY: C 45[4028]The Agent promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on． A.to be informed B.informed C.on informing D.informing KEY: B 461993 The man directing and supervising the work of stevedores is the ______.(老題庫)A.Local agent.B.Watchman.C.Docker.D.Foreman.指導(dǎo)和監(jiān)督碼頭工人工作的人是工頭。

471267 The tropical cyclone eastly 10 knots and expected ______ from 120000 GMT.A.Falling down.B.Fixing up.C.Filling up.D.Dropping down.熱帶氣旋以10節(jié)的速度向偏東方向移動并預(yù)計自世界時12日0000起開始填塞。

48[1292] TYPHOON FORECAST MOVE 285 DEG 15 KNOT FIRST 12 HOURS THEN 280 DEG 17 KNOTS NEXT 12 HOURS.The movement of the Typhoon is in __C____ quadrant.A.NE B.SE C.NW D.SW 49[2820]Swell is the rise and fall of the ocean's surface due to ______.A.fetch B.distant winds C.local storms D.the pull of the moon KEY: B 50[331]Fog is most commonly associated with a(n)______.A.warm front at night B.low pressure area C.anticyclone D.lack of frontal activity KEY: A 51[3422]In most cases，the direction of the apparent wind lies between the bow and ______.A.the direction of the true wind B.true north C.the beam on the windward side D.the beam on the lee side KEY: A 52[3479]The inner bottom is the ______.A.tank top B.compartment between the tank top and shell of the vessel C.inner side of the vessel's shell D.space between two transverse bottom frames KEY: A 53___D___ is halfway between the forward and after perpendiculars and is reference point for vessel construction A half length B mid_body C center line D amidships 54119.Watertight compartments are separated by _____.A.Longitudinal bulkhead B.Tween decks C.Dunnages D.Decks and bulkheads 答案：D水密艙被墊板分開

55[823]The material used extensively as electrolytic protection around bronze propellers is ______.A.Brass B.Copper C.Lead D.Zinc KEY: D 56[3560]Before starting any diesel or gasoline engine，which of the following must be checked? A.Oil level B.Flow of cooling water C.Exhaust discharge D.All of the above KEY: A 57[5295]The holding capability of an anchor is primarily determined by the ______.A.shape of the anchor B.stowage of the anchor on board C.anchor's ability to dig in D.size of the vessel and its draft KEY: C 58.A Racon can help with _D_?A.measuring the distance B.measuring the relative C.identifying centimeters D.identifying a seamark 59.[3872]The radio waves used for radar are very short，only ______ long． A.a few centimeters B.a few fathoms C.a few meters D.a few feet KEY: A 60.103.What type of radar can activate a racon? A.X-band radar B.S-band radar C.C-band radar D.No radar can 答案：A什么類型的雷達能激活雷達信標？X波段的雷達 61.[3910]Magnetic variation changes with a change in ______.A.the vessel's heading B.sea conditions C.seasons D.the vessel's position KEY: D 62.[3818]Deviation is the angle between the ______.A.true meridian and the axis of the compass card B.true meridian and the magnetic meridian C.magnetic meridian and the axis of the compass card D.axis of the compass card and the degaussing meridian KEY: C 63.[15]Which one of the followings is incorrect about magnetic compass? A.The magentic compass is compulsory on my vessel B.The magentic compass is prone to error C.The magentic compass is always placed inside steel constructions D.The magentic compass needs to be calibrated to compensate for local magnetic distortion 答案：C關(guān)于磁羅經(jīng)下面哪項是不正確的？磁羅經(jīng)總是放在剛性結(jié)構(gòu)里面

64.With respect to automatic identification systems(AIS)which of the following information is broadcast every one to ten seconds? C A.Vessel’s draft B.Air Draft C.Navigational status D.Dimensions of vessel 65.123.In case of AIS overload, what can you expect? A.AIS will shut down B.AIS will “freeze”

C.Largest far away drop out D.Closes targets drop out 答案：C如果AIS超負荷，你能預(yù)料到什么？當AIS超負荷最遠的目標會退出錄取

66.[17]What may affect the accuracy of sounding with echo sounder? A.Sea bottom B.Ship's speed C.Speed of current D.Water temperature and density 答案：D什么會影響回聲探測儀的精度？水的溫度和密度

67.[1625] Which piece of required GMDSS equipment is the primary source of transmitting locating signals? B A.Radio Direction Finder B.An EPIRB transmitting on 406 MHz C.Survival Craft Transceiver D.A SART transmitting on 406 MHz 68.[588] How can the SART’s audible tone monitor be used?__A____.A.It informs survivors that assistance may be nearby.B.It informs survivors when the battery’s charge condition has weakened.C.It informs survivors when the SART switches to the standby mode.D.It informs survivors that a nearby vessel is signaling on DSC.69.[180]The pilot {embarked} the ship at 1830 hours． A.boarded B.left C.piloted D.loaded KEY: A 70.[4194]There is a drifting mine ______ in position 21 degrees 31 minutes North 124 degrees 20 minutes East． A.report B.reports C.reported D.reporting KEY: C 71.[904] Please tell me ___B___ to reverse your engine from full ahead to full astern.A.how length will it take B.how long it will take C.how long will it get D.how much hours it will take 72.89.What is the meaning of the word “ROGER” when used in radio communication?

A.Please repeat your message B.Not readable C.Correct D.I have received your transmission satisfactorily 答案：D當使用無線電通信的時候單詞“明白了”是什么意思？我已經(jīng)滿意的收到了你的傳送

73.[4403]A bollard is found on the ______.A.beach B.deck C.pier D.towed vessel KEY: C 74.[4470]The heel block is located ______.A.at the base of the boom B.at the cargo hook C.near the midships guy D.near the spider band KEY: A吊桿座滑車

75.[594] How is the size of chain determined?___B___.A.Length of link in inches B.Diameter of metal in link in inches or centimeters C.Links per fathom D.Weight of stud cable in pounds 76.[226]A mooring line leading 45° to the keel，used to check forward or astern movement of a vessel，is called a ______.A.spring line B.warp line C.bow line D.breast line KEY: A 77.[4529]Vessel's provisions refer to ______ of the vessel． A.fuel oil B.vegetables and food C.spare parts on board D.ballast water KEY: B

78.[5656]A continuous sounding of a fog-signal apparatus indicates ______.A.the vessel is in distress B.the vessel has completed loading dangerous cargo C.it is safe to pass D.the vessel is anchored KEY: A 79.[1752]Instructions on how to conduct search and rescue are given in the ______ which is primarily designed for use by merchant ship.同原題庫3240 A.MARPOL---Marine Pollution B.IRPCS---International Regulations for Prevention of Collisions at Sea C.SOLAS---Safety Of Life At Sea D.MERSAR---Merchant Ships Search And Rescue KEY: D主要被設(shè)計用于商船的MERSAR上給出了如何指揮搜索和救助的指導(dǎo)。80.[308] After using a CO2 portable extinguisher, it should be __D____ A.put back in service if some CO2 remains B.hydrostatically tested C.retagged D.recharged 81.[5803]A ROUND THROUGH THE VESSEL CARRIED OUT BY A CREW MEMBER OF THE WATCH AT CERTAIN INTERVALS SO THAT AN OUTBREAK OF FIRE MAY BE PROMPTLY DETECTED defines ______.A.Fire patrol B.Fire control C.Smoke detection D.Fire drill KEY: A 82.82.What is the meaning of UEL? A.Upper exposure level B.Upper explosion level C.Upper explosive level D.Upper evaporation level 答案：C UEL的意思是什么？爆炸上限

83.[4379]Puncture leaks in the lower tubes or bottom of an inflatable liferaft should FIRST be stopped by using ______.A.sealing clamps夾封 B.repair tape C.a tube patch D.sail twine and vulcanizing kit KEY: A 84[5865]If help has not arrived in 10-12 hours after you abandon a vessel in a survival craft，you should ______.A.go in one direction until the fuel runs out B.plot a course for the nearest land C.take a vote on which direction you should go D.shut down the engine(s)and set the sea anchor KEY: D 85.90.What type of oil is most suitable for reducing the effect of heavy seas? A.Crude oil B.Fuel oil C.Vegetable oil D.Lubricating oil 答案：C哪種油最適合減小波濤洶涌的海面的作用？植物油 86When the ship causes oil pollution to the port,she will be___B___ A、find B、levied C、paid D、deducted [87]In all but the most severe cases，bleeding from a wound should be controlled by _____A_.A.applying direct pressure to the wound B.submerging the wound in lukewarm water C.cooling the wound with ice D.applying a tourniquet [88]A crew member suffering from hypothermia should be given ___B___.A.a small dose of alcohol B.treatment for shock C.a large meal D.a brisk rub down 一

BISCAY：SW 3 OR 4 INCREASING 6 TO GALE 8，THEN VEERING NW 5．RAIN THEN SHOWERS．MODERATE OR POOR BECOMING GOOD．FINISTERRE： WESTERLY 6，LOCALLY GALE 8，VEERING NW 5．RAIN THEN SHOWERS．MODERATE OR POOR BECOMING GOOD．EAST NORTHERN SECTION：W OR SW 6 TO GALE 8，BUT IN NORTH-EAST CYCLONIC 4 AT FIRST，AND IN NORTH-WEST SOUTHERLY 6 TO GALE 8 AT FIRST．WINTRY SHOWERS．MAINLY GOOD．WEST NORTHERN SECTION：IN NORTH，CYCLONIC 6 TO GALE 8，LOCALLY SEVERE GALE 9，BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4．WINTRY SHOWERS．MAINLY GOOD．MODERATE ICING IN WEST AT FIRST WITH TEMPERATURE-2℃ TO-5℃．IN SOUTH WESTERLY 6 TO GALE 8，LOCALLY SEVERE GALE 9，BACKING SOUTHERLY AND INCREASING LOCALLY STORM 10 LATER．WINTRY SHOWERS THEN SNOW．MAINLY GOOD BECOMING MODERATE． [89].Backing means the wind ____B___． A．is changing clockwise in direction B．is changing anticlockwise in direction C．is changing cyclonically or variably in direction D．remains unchanged in direction at the time [90].The visibility in EAST NORTHERN section is mainly ___C____． A．poor B．moderate C．GOOD D．very GOOD [91].In north part of WEST NORTHERN section，the wind is ____A___． A．cyclonic 6 to gale 8 at first B．cyclonic 4 at first C．westly 6 to gale 8 D．variable 3 or 4 at first [92].This passage is likely to be under the heading of ____A____． A．FORECAST B．GALE WARNING C．SYNOPSIS D．STORM WARNING 二

The Chief Officer，or First Mate as he is often called，is the Master's chief officer and head of the Deck Department．He is assisted by a Second Officer（Mate），a Third Officer（Mate），and sometimes a Fourth Officer（Mate）．Several companies employ a First Officer as well as a Chief Officer．The Deck Department also includes a Boatswain（Bosun）and a Carpenter，both petty officers，and a number of ratings．These made up of Able Seamen（AB），Ordinary Seamen（OS）and a middle grade known as Efficient Deck Hands（EDH）．There are other grades of seamen．On some ships Navigating Cadets are carried for training purposes．

The Chief Engineer is head of the Engine Department．He is assisted by a Second，Third，F(xiàn)ourth and sometimes Fifth Engineer．An Electrical Officer may also be carried．The engine room petty officers are the Storekeeper and Donkeyman．On tankers there is also a Pumpman．He is also a petty officer．The engine room ratings are Firemen and Greasers．There may also be Engineer Cadets．

The Catering Department is under the Chief Steward．It is divided into a saloon and galley section．The former is headed by the Second Steward，the latter by the Ship's Cook．They are both usually petty officers．They are assisted by several stewards and cooks，and by a number of junior ratings．

The Radio Department often consists of only one man：the Radio Officer．On ships where continuous radio watches are kept there may be three radio officers：a Chief，Second and Third． [93].____C____ is not a petty officer．

A．Boatswain B．Second Steward C．Radio Officer D．Storekeeper [94].EDH is rank which is higher than ____C____． A．Second Steward B．AB C．OS D．Chief Engineer [95].Storekeeper belong to _____B___．

A．Deck Dept B．Engine Dept C．Catering Dept D．Radio Dept [96].There are _____C___ departments on bard a big ship according to the passage． A．two B．three C．four D．five

第三篇：怎樣保護牙齒教案

怎樣保護牙齒教案

教學設(shè)計:

一、教學理念

根據(jù)陶行知先生“生活即教育”、“社會即學?！?、“教學做合一”的原則。我在設(shè)計本堂課時結(jié)合現(xiàn)在學生中比較普遍的齲齒(蛀牙)問題,進行探討。讓學生知道齲齒(蛀牙)的危害,并使之能自覺地養(yǎng)成良好的習慣。為了引起學生強烈的共鳴,我通過較為形象的動畫圖片,讓學生直觀的了解,并引起觸動,以起到更好的效果。做到“在生活里找教育,為生活而教育”。

二、教學目標:

1、知道整齊潔白的牙齒有益身體健康,懂得要保護牙齒的道理。

2、初步學會防治牙病,保護牙齒的方法。

3、養(yǎng)成保護牙齒的習慣

三、教學重、難點:

1、重點:初步學會保護牙齒最常用的幾種方法。

2、難點:養(yǎng)成保護牙齒的習慣。

四、教學準備

課件動畫、模型牙齒、模型牙刷

五、教學過程:

(一)活動一:謎語激趣 認識牙齒

謎語導(dǎo)入:孩子們,我給你們帶來了一個新朋友,不過它呀,就藏在謎語里,你們?nèi)羰遣虏恢?它可就不和你們交朋友。(上一排,下一排,整整齊齊白又白。你要猜不著,張開嘴巴就明白。)課件出示牙齒的圖片。

小朋友,剛才你們猜謎語猜的又快又好,老師獎勵你們一份禮物,快看看是什么禮物?(花生)快嘗一嘗花生香不香。

師:你們是怎樣吃花生的?(剝開來吃)

師:花生一粒一粒又是怎么吃到肚子里的?(用牙嚼碎)

師:別的東西又是怎樣吃到肚子里的呢?(也是用牙嚼碎)

師:小朋友吃花生要用牙齒嚼碎,小兔吃蘿卜,小狗啃骨頭要用什么嚼碎(牙齒)

如果沒有牙齒,小狗還能啃骨頭,小兔還能吃蘿卜嗎?(不能)

師小結(jié):我們的牙齒又白有堅硬,它的用處可大了,能夠咬斷食物,嚼碎食物幫助消化,可牙齒吃完東西后是怎樣的呢?是不是很臟?

2、學生漱口,一起看漱口水。發(fā)現(xiàn)水很臟,激起自己漱口的愿望。

教師小結(jié):如果我們吃完東西后不去漱口,那些殘留在牙縫里的食物就會變質(zhì),就把我們又白又堅硬的牙齒給腐蝕掉,就會有小蟲子來吃掉我們的牙齒,如果不信,看完下面這個動畫片就會明白.放《老虎拔牙》課件動畫:(老虎自認為牙齒鋒利,結(jié)果因吃過多甜食,又不刷牙而導(dǎo)致蛀牙,全被拔光。)

師:看了動畫,你想想為什么老虎的牙齒會拔光呢?

生:太愛吃糖了。

生:每天不刷牙。

生:平時不注意衛(wèi)生。

……

師:對了,就是因為它沒有保護好,所以牙齒才會——

生:蛀掉。

師:(出示課題)今天我們就來學習“怎樣保護牙齒”。(通過直觀形象的動畫,讓學生明白蛀牙的危害,以起到警示作用。)

(二)討論研究

師:怎樣才能保護好牙齒呢?小朋友四人小組討論討論。

(生討論)

匯報:

生:每次吃完東西漱漱口。

生:每天睡覺之前刷刷牙。

生:平時少吃甜的東西。

生:要是吃了東西不刷牙,蟲子就要爬出來,牙齒就要蛀掉。

…… ……

師:剛才,小朋友們說的都很好。但是蛀牙并不是蟲咬的,而是吃了糖或甜的食物后,碎屑留在牙齒表面或牙縫中,在口腔中的變形鏈球菌等產(chǎn)酸菌的作用下產(chǎn)生酸。牙齒中的鈣、磷等成分漸漸被酸溶解破壞,出現(xiàn)了蛀洞。饅頭、米飯及糕點等食物殘屑,經(jīng)過唾液作用變成糖留在牙縫中,也會產(chǎn)生蛀牙。

師:現(xiàn)在讓我們來看看牙齒是怎樣蛀空的。(看課件:牙齒一步步被蛀的過程。)

師:這樣的結(jié)果,相信大家誰也不想遇到,可是就是有很多同學不注意口腔衛(wèi)生,說說你平時是怎么對待牙齒的?今后怎么做?(學生自由發(fā)言)

生:我平時睡覺之前不刷牙,今后我會每天刷牙的。

生:我每次吃完飯都不漱口,以后我會漱口的。

生:我以后少吃點甜的。

…… ……

(通過探討,觀看課件,進一步引起學生對蛀牙的重視,并使之能自覺養(yǎng)成保護牙齒的習慣。)

(三)保健預(yù)防

師:現(xiàn)在請你當當小醫(yī)生,同桌互相檢查一下,看看有沒有病牙。

(同桌進行檢查匯報)

師:如果你有病牙,或是牙面上有黑點,要及時治療,防止蛀牙的進一步發(fā)生。

師:如果是健康的牙齒,就應(yīng)及時預(yù)防,如果已經(jīng)有病牙,更要注意口腔衛(wèi)生。最好的預(yù)防方法如飯后漱口,早晚刷牙,睡前不吃東西等。刷牙的方法也是很重要的。

師示范:(出示一支大牙刷和牙齒模型)刷牙時要采用豎刷的方法,把牙縫中存留的殘屑都清理干凈,并使每個牙面都能刷到,刷牙不僅可以清潔牙齒,還對牙床有按摩保健作用。(請學生學做)

學習刷牙的兒歌:小牙刷,刷呀刷,上牙從上往下刷;下牙從下往上刷,咬合面要來回刷.早晚堅持刷一刷,牙齒潔白人人夸!

學生兩人一組進行刷牙練習,互相糾正.教師巡視幫助.教師請不同學生上臺示范,請學生自己評價.(通過師的講解示范和兒歌練習,激發(fā)學生學習興趣,讓學生明白應(yīng)及時預(yù)防,并掌握正確的刷牙方法。)

(四)舞蹈:<刷牙歌>

師:學了這么多,下面就讓我們一起來跳一個刷牙的舞蹈吧!跟著音樂一起來,看誰跳得棒!(教師帶領(lǐng)學生跳)

(五)總結(jié)

師:通過今天的學習,你想對那只被拔了牙齒的老虎說些什么?提些什么建議?

生:老虎,你要每天刷牙。生:老虎,你不要吃那么多糖。

生:老虎,你吃完東西要漱漱口。

生:你不要那么貪吃。

…… ……

師:我們從小就要保護牙齒,牙齒一旦生病,就會引起全身各個器官的毛病,影響人的健康成長,所以我們從小要——

生:保護牙齒。

(讓學生在學完整堂課時,知道自己在今后的生活中該怎樣做。真正做到“生活即教育”、“社會即學?！薄ⅰ敖虒W做合一”。)

第四篇：牙齒護理的標準是什么

南昌數(shù)字口腔中心（科普知識宣傳）

牙齒護理的標準是什么

以前很多人往往都會忽視牙齒的健康，但是隨著現(xiàn)在人們生活水平的提高和牙齒疾病越來越多,人們對牙齒的健康也越來越關(guān)注了。牙齒護理的標準是什么?具體內(nèi)容如下所示：

1.基本標準：牙齒干凈魅力值★

這是最容易做到的，是美的最基本條件。即使你的牙齒不是很完美，如果清潔得很好，沒有牙菌斑、色素、牙結(jié)石，口氣清新，也會給人一種清潔的感覺。

2.初級標準：牙齒整齊魅力值★★

排列的比較整齊的牙齒，會讓人有種自信，特別是在露齒而笑時能給人很親和的感覺。而且整齊的牙齒可以進行充分的咀嚼，幫我們獲得平衡的口腔關(guān)系，促進腸胃消化吸收。所以，它不僅僅是外在美的一個標準，也是判斷我們健康的一個標準。

3.高級標準：牙齒潔白魅力值★★★

古今中外主流的美學價值取向中，人們對容貌美的要求都有一項——皓齒，即潔白的牙齒，這意味著陽光飽滿、身體健康。而且從口腔醫(yī)學上講，人的年齡增大，牙齒顏色會逐漸變黃、變暗，追求“更白、更亮”的牙齒已經(jīng)成為更有青春活力、更年輕亮麗的象征。

4.頂級標準：美魅力值★★★★

這個標準看似簡單，實際上大有講究。它主要指牙齒與口唇的位置關(guān)系、牙齒之間的比例關(guān)系、牙齒長度與寬度的比例關(guān)系的調(diào)整，牙齒的排列方向、角度、傾斜度、扭轉(zhuǎn)度的細微變化，每顆牙齒形態(tài)的精細調(diào)整等，這些細微的改動都有可能影響到我們的面部魅力。

第五篇：如何護理牙齒保護牙齦

南昌數(shù)字口腔專科（科普知識宣傳）

如何護理牙齒保護牙齦

如何護理牙齒保護牙齦?專家介紹說，護理牙齒保護牙齦對我們每個人來說都很重要，特別是一些準媽媽。在懷孕期間發(fā)現(xiàn)自己非常容易刷牙出血，越是出血越不敢刷，最后更加嚴重。下面我們來看看怎么用正確的刷牙方法來減輕或避免孕期的刷牙出血，既不傷害牙齒，又能保健牙齦。

如何護理牙齒保護牙齦?主要可以采用以下一些方法：

一、不傷牙齒：采用豎刷法，即上牙朝下刷，下牙朝上刷，由牙齦到牙齒，動作要輕柔，使用軟毛牙刷，每組2～3顆牙，每組刷10下左右，遇到牙齦出血者，可以將次數(shù)增加到20次。這樣從牙齦滑動到牙齒上的豎刷法，對牙齦的保健作用很好，也可以避免牙刷損傷釉(尤其是牙齒頸部）!

二、牙縫和牙面刷得干凈：垂直刷牙有利于牙刷毛進入牙縫，利用牙刷毛的彈力，將牙縫的食物殘渣等雜物刷出來。

三、促進牙齦的血液循環(huán)：牙刷的壓力均勻地、多次反復(fù)地壓迫牙齦，發(fā)揮牙刷按摩牙齦的作用，能促進牙齦血液流通，促進牙齦袋內(nèi)的炎性分泌物排出，有利于牙齦組織的健康。

如何護理牙齒保護牙齦?注意口腔衛(wèi)生。每次食后應(yīng)漱口，正確的漱口方法為將溶液含在口內(nèi)，閉口鼓動兩頰和唇部，利用水力反復(fù)沖擊口腔各個部位。做到食后3分鐘刷牙，每次刷牙3分鐘，每天刷牙3次，有困難者，早晚各刷牙1次。

如何護理牙齒保護牙齦?合理飲食調(diào)攝。提倡多食粗糙和纖維素豐富的耐磨食物，充分咀嚼。少食糖類及甜食，蔗糖對齲齒的發(fā)生起著決定性的作用。臨睡前嚴禁吃糖果點心，因為甜味食物在口腔中的殘余糖質(zhì)不易被徹底清除。食譜應(yīng)廣泛，不可偏食，應(yīng)多食新鮮水果、瓜類以補充維生素。實驗已證明，飲茶確能提高牙齒防齲抗齲的能力。