第一篇：【高考調(diào)研】(新課標(biāo))2014高三英語總復(fù)習(xí) Unit 11 The Media課時(shí)作業(yè) 北師大版

【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復(fù)

習(xí)）Unit 11 The Media（課時(shí)作業(yè)）

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

1.The traditional approach ________ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.

A.to dealingB.in dealing

C.dealingD.to deal

答案A

解析句意：處理復(fù)雜問題的傳統(tǒng)方法是將其分解成更容易處理的小問題。approach to“(做某事的)方法;途徑”, to在這里是介詞,后面應(yīng)跟動(dòng)名詞。

2.Some advertisements ________ pictures or words of experts to show people how good the products are.

A.are consisted ofB.are made of

C.consist ofD.are made up

答案C

解析句意：一些廣告包含專家照片或文字,向人們表明產(chǎn)品有多好。consist of“包含”,不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。也可以用be made up of。

3.Modern advertisements must ________ in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.

A.stand forB.stand out

C.stand byD.stand on

答案B

解析考查短語辨析。句意：現(xiàn)代的廣告必須把最高水平的設(shè)計(jì)和產(chǎn)品的理念相結(jié)合,以增強(qiáng)吸引力,這樣才能在充滿激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的世界中勝出。stand for“支持;代表”;stand out“突出;顯眼”;stand by“支持;袖手旁觀”;stand on“位于;取決

于;依靠”。

4.— How do you find the new job?

— It’s hard to find ________ work so that I hardly care what it is ________ I can make a living.

A.satisfied;as long asB.satisfied;as far as

C.satisfying;as long asD.satisfying;as far as

答案C

解析句意：——你覺得新工作怎么樣?——很難找到令人滿意的工作,以致只要可以謀生我很少關(guān)心是什么工作。satisfying“令人滿意的”;as long as“只要”。

5.(2013·福州模擬)It has been demanded that the land ________ equally among the farmers.

A.is sharedB.should share

C.be sharedD.will be shared

答案C

解析demand作“要求;命令;應(yīng)當(dāng)做??”講時(shí),其后的賓語從句中的謂語常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”的形式,這時(shí)should可以省略。有類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有insist(堅(jiān)決要求),1suggest(建議), desire, request, require, propose等。

6.The work in the office was ________ by a constant stream of visitors.

A.confusedB.interrupted

C.confusingD.prevented

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：辦公室里的工作被連續(xù)不斷的參觀者打斷了。interrupt“打斷”;confuse“(使)混亂”;prevent“阻止;防止”。

7.(2013·泉州模擬)I think he will surely give ________ your composition if you ask him to.

A.comments onB.attention on

C.appeal toD.solution to

答案A

解析考查名詞詞義辨析。comment“評(píng)論;意見”;attention“注意”;appeal“呼吁;懇求;興趣”;solution“解決方法”。句意：我認(rèn)為如果你提出請(qǐng)求,他一定會(huì)對(duì)你的作品提出看法的。故選A。

8.My daughter loves writing and has ________ many articles to her school edition — the Sun Breeze — and even the local newspaper.

A.printedB.written

C.contributedD.published

答案C

解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我的女兒喜歡寫作,她已經(jīng)向?qū)W生版“太陽風(fēng)”投了很多稿子,甚至是當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙。print“印刷”;write“寫作”;contribute“貢獻(xiàn);投稿”;publish“出版”。

9.(2013·廈門模擬)When his father came in, the boy pretended ________ aloud.

A.to readB.to have read

C.to be readingD.reading

答案C

解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：他父親進(jìn)來時(shí),這男孩假裝正在大聲讀書。pretend to do ／ be doing ／ have done sth.“假裝做／正在做／做過某事”。

10.Eventually, the President had to leave office ________ public pressure in order to ease the tension of the situation.

A.in favor ofB.in response to C.in return forD.in honor of

答案B

解析考查短語辨析。句意：為了緩和緊張的局勢(shì),最終,總統(tǒng)不得不以下臺(tái)作為對(duì)公眾壓力的回應(yīng)。in favor of“有利于;贊成;支持”;in response to“回應(yīng);反應(yīng)”;in return for“作為回報(bào)”;in honor of “為了紀(jì)念??;向??表示敬意,為了慶

祝??”。11.From facts, scientists have ________ that more energy is being absorbed from the sun, throwing the earth’s energy out of balance.

A.confirmedB.concluded

C.concentratedD.centred

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：科學(xué)家們根據(jù)事實(shí)推斷出更多的太陽能量正在被吸收,致使地

球的能量失去平衡。confirm“證實(shí);使相信”;conclude“推斷;得出結(jié)論”;concentrate“集中;全神貫注”;centre“以??為中心”。12.If you are found ________ in the schoolyard, you ________ by the teachers.

A.smoking;are blamedB.smoke;are punished

C.smoking;are to blameD.smoking;are to punish

答案C

解析句意：如果你被發(fā)現(xiàn)在校園里吸煙的話,你就會(huì)受到老師們的責(zé)備。smoke的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)且正在進(jìn)行的,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行;be to blame“應(yīng)受到責(zé)備”。13.Different artists ________ different painting techniques.

A.employB.conclude

C.publishD.view

答案A

解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：不同的畫家會(huì)使用不同的繪畫技巧。employ“雇傭；利用”;conclude“推斷；結(jié)束”;publish“出版”;view“看待”。

14.A completely new situation will ________ when the examination system comes into existence.

A.riceB.arise

C.arouseD.raise

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)這套考試系統(tǒng)建立起來時(shí),一個(gè)全新的局勢(shì)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)。rise“(價(jià)格)上漲”;arise “出現(xiàn);升起;升高”;raise “提高;提升”;arouse“喚醒;激起”。故選B。

15.(2013·黃岡模擬)The murderer is ________ to be sentenced to life imprisonment.A.alikeB.probable

C.likelyD.possible

答案C

解析考查形容詞辨析。句意：兇手有可能被判處終身監(jiān)禁。alike“相似的”;probable“很有可能的”;likely“很有可能的”;possible“可能的”。這四個(gè)詞中只有l(wèi)ikely有這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.be likely to do sth.。

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

Old houses and empty places in cities and towns around the United States are finding new life as urban farms.

Eco City Farms in Edmonston, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes.The neighborhood is a working-class community.People do not have very much money, and they have limited access to fresh food in markets.

Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark.She teaches her four children at home.On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson.Her children harvested rows of spinach, mustard greens, lettuce, Swiss chard and carrots.What did Hannah, Caleb, John and Alston think of the experience?

Hannah: “You know, it’s good for the earth and it’s good for us.”

Caleb: “It may not be like fun, but it’s fun, because you’re learning and not, like, writing something out on a piece of paper.”

John: “Basically instead of feeling down when I have to eat vegetables, I feel happy.”

Alston: “I like coming out here.You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from.You appreciate the food a little bit more.”

Margaret started Eco City Farms.She wanted to build a place where people can learn to live healthier lives.She said, “Our view is that what happens in a community influences the culture of that community, so our idea was growing food in a community and showing that you can have farms even in urban areas and brings people together.What we do here is a demonstration to show people everything about how to have a sustainable community.” That means not only farming food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost(堆肥)made from food waste.Benny Erez is a technical adviser there.She told us the farm gets its power from the sun.In winter, the greenhouses are heated using a geothermal(地?zé)岬?system.

1.How did the children think of the experience?

A.Caleb wants to write something about the farm.

B.They all like eating vegetables very much.

C.They are all fond of coming to the farm.

D.Hannah and Alston all like having sports in the farm.2.What can we NOT learn from the passage?

A.They grow vegetables as well as animals in the farm.

B.The food waste can be used to improve the soil．

C.The farm has an effect on the culture of a community.

D.The vegetables are mainly planted in the water.3.Why did Margaret start the farm?

A.To stress the importance of farming.

B.To help people lead healthier lives. C.To show the children how to do farm work.

D.To provide a place to experience the country life.答案與解析

【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了美國(guó)一些城市的舊房子和空地被重新利用建農(nóng)場(chǎng),以及一些孩子去農(nóng)場(chǎng)體驗(yàn)生活的經(jīng)歷。

1.答案C

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由四個(gè)孩子所說的話可知大家都很喜歡在農(nóng)場(chǎng)的經(jīng)歷，故選C項(xiàng)。由迦勒所說的話可知其認(rèn)為“去農(nóng)場(chǎng)可以從中學(xué)到東西，而不是在紙上寫東西”，并不是說想寫東西；文中只說約翰喜歡吃蔬菜，并不是所有孩子都喜歡，故B項(xiàng)有誤；漢娜和奧爾斯頓盡管都提到了土地，但沒提到他們想去那里進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。

2.答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段第三句以及最后一句“...influences the culture of that community...”, “That means not only farming food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost(堆肥)made from food waste.”可知。

3.答案B

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段第二句“She wanted to build a place where people can learn to live healthier lives.”可知，她建這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的目的是讓人們過上更健康的生活。

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Today’s the day of a big test at school, and you feel awful.4Maybe your muscles feel tense and you feel shaky or sweaty.You may have a case of the jitters, also known as test anxiety.5Performance anxiety is when a person feels worried about how they will perform, especially when it’s really important.For instance, you might feel performance anxiety when you’re trying out for the school band or for the basketball team.

When you’re taking a test, you might feel “butterflies”, a stomachache, or a tension head ache.Some people might feel shaky, sweaty, or feel their hearts beating quickly as they wait for the test to be given out.6 Sound familiar?7Ask other people and you’ll find that just about all people — adults and others feelsome anxiety before a test.In fact, a small dose of anxiety can be helpful, keeping you sharp and focused.Butwhen your symptoms(癥狀)take over so that you can’t function or when you’re so anxious that you feel sick, you might not be able to do it.

Of course, if you didn’t study for the test, you might he worried — and for good reason.That kind of anxietyisn’t as easy to tackle because even if you find a way to calm down, you still might not know what the right answers are.8

A.Your stomach hurts and you have a headache.

B.Surely you have test anxiety.

C.Test anxiety is actually a type of performance anxiety.

D.Many people have heard about text anxiety.

E.You’re not alone.

F.When you are prepared for a test and you get a handle on your anxiety, you’ll be able to let your knowledge shine and score a good grade.

G.A student with really strong test anxiety may even feel like he or she might pass out or throw up.答案4~8ACGEF

Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

Mary was an operator on 911 in Los Angeles.One Thursday morning, she was surprised to get a call from a little girl.She said, “Mom my ill, Mom my ill”, again over again.Mary soon found the address of call.She called the police.In a minute, the policemen and doctors arrived at the house.They broke the door opened.They couldn’t believe their eyes.The little child was very young that she could not walk!She was sitting besides her mother and tears were running down her face.The doctors gave the woman some medicine and soon she was woke up.Later, she told people, “Everyone was surprised that her daughter could call 911.On Monday I tried to teach her why to call 911, but she couldn’t do it.” Mary was surprised, either.“It’s the first time that I have seen a two-years-old child call 911.” 答案

Mary was an operator on 911 in Los Angeles.One Thursday morning, she was surprised to get a call from a little girl.She said, “Mom my ill, Mom my ill”, again over again.Mary soon found the address of ∧ all.She called the police.In a minute,andthe the policemen and doctors arrived at the house.They broke the door opened.Theyopen

couldn’t believe their eyes.The little child was very young that she could not walk!

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She was sitting besides her mother and tears were running down her face.The doctorsbeside “Everyone was surprised that her daughter could call 911.On Monday I tried to teach

my

her why to call 911, but she couldn’t do it.” Mary was surprised, either.“It’s the first

howtoo

time that I have seen a two-years-old child call 911.”

two-year-old

第二篇：【高考調(diào)研】(新課標(biāo))2014高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)Unit 9 Wheels課時(shí)作業(yè) 北師大版

【2014高考調(diào)研】（新課標(biāo)·名校調(diào)研）北師大版·英語（高三總復(fù)

習(xí)）Unit 9 Wheels（課時(shí)作業(yè)）

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

1.(2013·南昌模擬)The article is good in ________, only it’s a bit wordy.

A.conditionB.concept

C.contestD.content

答案D

解析考查名詞辨析。句意：這篇文章內(nèi)容不錯(cuò)，只是文字有些啰唆。condition“條件;狀況”;concept“概念”;contest“競(jìng)賽”;content“內(nèi)容”。根據(jù)句意選D。

2.“You have to trust in god, ________ friends and bank on education,” the teacher said in an honest voice.A.live onB.rely on

C.keep onD.insist on

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。live on“靠??生活”;rely on“依靠”;keep on“繼續(xù)”;insist on“堅(jiān)持”。根據(jù)句意選B。

3.He found out that it didn’t ________ him to live in the city.

A.matchB.suit

C.meetD.equal

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不適合生活在城市中。match“相配”;suit“適合”;meet“遇到；滿足”;equal“等于；比得上”。

4.We had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didn’t ________ quite as planned.A.find outB.give out

C.hand outD.work out

答案D

解析考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們本想正午前完成任務(wù),但結(jié)果并沒像計(jì)劃的那樣。find out“查明;發(fā)現(xiàn);了解”;give out“分發(fā);筋疲力盡;用完”;hand out“分發(fā)”;work out“算出;產(chǎn)生結(jié)果;發(fā)展”。

5.— Mum, why have us eat so many vegetables?

— Because they are ________ to our health.

A.benefitB.benefited

C.beneficialD.benefits

答案C

解析考查詞義辨析。句意：——媽媽,為什么讓我們吃這么多蔬菜?——因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)我們的健康有好處。be beneficial to“對(duì)??有益處”。

6.They argued ________ each other ________ where to spend the golden week.

A.at;overB.over;on

C.about;atD.with;about

答案D

解析考查固定搭配。句意：他們相互爭(zhēng)辯去哪里過黃金周。argue with sb.about sth.“與某人辯論某事”,故選D。

7.To my puzzle, the two children are never ________ up with playing with the same game at the same place every day.

A.caughtB.put

C.fedD.made

答案C

解析考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：使我困惑的是,這兩個(gè)小孩從來不膩煩每天在同一個(gè)地方玩同一個(gè)游戲。catch up with“趕上”;put up with“忍受”;be fed up with“受夠了;厭煩”;make up with“與??和解”。根據(jù)句意選C。

8.— Mary, I have got a new cell phone number!

— Oh, hold on.I’ll put it down just ________.

A.in deedB.in case

C.in timeD.in use

答案B

解析考查介詞短語辨析。句意：——瑪麗,我買了一個(gè)新手機(jī)號(hào)!——哦,別掛斷。以防萬一,我要把它記下來。in deed“實(shí)際上”;in case“以防萬一”;in time“及時(shí);終有一天”;in use“在使用中”。

9.— I really appreciate ________ of the information about my train, otherwise I might have missed it.

— You’ re welcome.

A.informingB.to inform

C.informedD.being informed

答案D

解析考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：——我真的很感激你通知我關(guān)于我的火車的信息,否則我可能錯(cuò)過了。——不客氣。appreciate意為“感激”,后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用其動(dòng)名詞形式,排除B、C;又因句子的主語I與inform之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,要用其被動(dòng)形式,排除A,故選D。

10.________ water________ needed for the crops as a result of the dry climate.

A.Large amounts of;isB.Large amounts of;are

C.Amount of;isD.A large amount of;are

答案B

解析考查固定詞組。句意：由于干燥的氣候,莊稼需要許多水。a large amount of和large amounts of均意為“許多;大量”,修飾不可數(shù)名詞,但所修飾的名詞作主語時(shí),前者的謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,后者的謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選B。

11.(2013·德州模擬)They did not want to ________ any problems or shortcomings, let alone discuss them with outsiders.

A.apply forB.admit to

C.agree onD.ask for

答案B

解析考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他們不愿意承認(rèn)任何問題或缺點(diǎn),更不用說與外人討論(他們的問題或缺點(diǎn))了。apply for“申請(qǐng)”;admit to“承認(rèn)”;agree on“就??取得一致意見”;ask for“要求;請(qǐng)求”。根據(jù)句意選B。

12.(2013·臺(tái)州模擬)My house is very ________ for getting to work as it is only a few minutes from the station.

A.comfortableB.suitable

C.convenientD.free

答案C

解析考查形容詞辨析。句意：我住的地方上班很方便,因?yàn)樗嘬囌局挥袔追昼姷穆烦?。comfortable“舒服的”;suitable“合適的”;convenient“方便的”;free“自由的;免費(fèi)的”。根據(jù)句意選C。

13.He is so fond of foreign literature that he is ________ reading foreign novels.

A.addictedB.addicting to

C.addictingD.addicted to

答案D

解析考查動(dòng)詞addict的用法。句意：他如此喜歡外國(guó)文學(xué)以至于他沉溺于讀外文小說。be addicted to為固定搭配,意為“沉溺于??”,故選D。

14.(2013·三亞模擬)Jane has been so ________ in her work that she hasn’t had time for social activities.

A.occupiedB.worried

C.devotedD.confused

答案A

解析考查形容詞辨析。句意：簡(jiǎn)如此忙碌于她的工作以至于她沒有時(shí)間參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。occupied“忙于;致力于”,常與in搭配;worried“擔(dān)心的”;devoted“忠誠(chéng)的”,常與to搭配;confused“困惑的”。根據(jù)句意選A。

15.________, the professor felt relieved and went out of his lab.

A.Tiring and happyB.Tired but happy

C.Tiredly and happilyD.Tired and happy

答案B

解析考查形容詞作狀語。句意：很累但是很高興,教授很欣慰地走出實(shí)驗(yàn)室。此處指教授的心理活動(dòng), tired又和happy構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選B。

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

BEIJING — Apple Inc is one step closer to beginning sales of iPad2 tablet computers(平板電腦)with cell-phone network compatibility(兼容)for the first time in the Chinese mainland, where the consumer — electronics giant is in the midst of an aggressive expansion.

According to China’s Telecommunication Equipment Certification Center, a device by Apple with third-generation high-speed wireless data capabilities was issued the network access license needed for the company to begin official sales in China.The device, listed under model number“A1396”, is compatible with the 3G standard WCDMA, and would work with the cell-phone network operated by Apple’s local iPhone partner, China Unicom(Hong Kong)Ltd.

China Unicom refused to comment.

Apple already offers the 3G iPad2 in Hong Kong through its partners, but currently only offers Wi-Fi versions of the device in the Chinese mainland.Still, consumers in China, which according to research firm IDC surpassed(超過)the U.S.as the world’s largest PC market in the second quarter, have been purchasing 3G

tablets through unofficial channels.

Separately, Apple spokeswoman Carolyn Wu said Sept 6 that the company’s first Hong Kong store, set to open this quarter, will be located in the city’s central shopping and business district in the International Finance Center’s upscale(高檔的)IFC mall, a commercial center and sightseeing spot along the city’s waterfront.Wu also said that Apple is planning a new store in Shanghai later this quarter, which will be its biggest store in China.She refused to give more details or to comment on the 3G iPad2.

Apple currently has four full-service Apple stores in the mainland, which receive the most traffic of any Apple stores in the world.The company otherwise relies on resellers to get its products into the market.

The new stores reflect Apple’s confidence in rising demand for its products such as smart phones and tablet computers.Sales in the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan helped boost(增長(zhǎng))the company’s third-quarter results, newly appointed Chief Executive Tim Cook said in July.China revenue(收益)surged(激增)six-fold to about ＄3.8 billion during the three months ended June 25.

“This has been an important opportunity for Apple and I firmly believe that we’re just scratching the surface right now,”Cook said at the time, referring to strong sales in China.“I see an incredible opportunity for Apple there.”

1.According to the news, which of the following statements is TRUE? A.WCDMA is not the only 3G standard in the world.

B.Apple Inc sells its products in the market of the Chinese mainland all by its own stores.

C.The consumers in China can only get iPad2 of Wi-Fi versions.

D.Chinese mainland is the second largest PC market in this year’s second quarter．

2.How many full-service Apple stores are there in China?

A.4.B.6.

C.8.D.Unknown.3.By saying “we’re just scratching the surface right now”, Cookmeans ________.A.they don’t know much about China’s market

B.they will sell more products and gain more profit in China

C.they need to obtain more permission from China’s government D.they ignored the rural market in China

答案與解析

【語篇解讀】蘋果公司只有一步之遙在中國(guó)大陸銷售其平板電腦，其新功能兼具有移動(dòng)電話功能。

1.答案A

解析根據(jù)其先在香港發(fā)行，后在大陸發(fā)行。可知其要滿足當(dāng)?shù)氐木W(wǎng)絡(luò)認(rèn)可。在大陸要符合WCDMA(一種第三代無線通訊技術(shù))的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，也就是在其他地方也有當(dāng)?shù)氐恼J(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

2.答案D

解析由第七段“Apple currently has four full-service Apple stores in the mainland....”可知目前在中國(guó)大陸有四家商店，而題干問的是在中國(guó)。在香港以及其他地方并沒有涉及，所以答案為D項(xiàng)。

3.答案B

解析從庫克的言語中推出，蘋果在中國(guó)的市場(chǎng)才剛剛開始，巨大的市場(chǎng)前景在等待他們。

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

College is one of the biggest things on a lot of high-school students’ minds.By junior year, all you think about is applying to colleges and choosing a major.Since I started eleventh grade, my mind has been constantly focused on college.I, like many others, am still undecided on my major and college choice.4 When I arrived I saw over a hundred tables set up with brochures and pamphlets.It was a bit overwhelming.I had no idea what tables to stop at, so I selected colleges with familiar names.This wasn’t the type of searching I was planning on doing.5

When you stop at a table, you usually see a pamphlet or two and an information card to complete.6I strongly encourage you to fill out as many as possible because the information you receive is valuable and helpful, including the majors offered, financial responsibilities, and some specs about the campus.7We all know that colleges are very expensive, and I don’t know about you, but I definitely don’t have that much money in the bank.At the fair, you receive important facts about how to get government financing and how to earn scholarships and grants.

Attending a college fair may overwhelm you at first, but you have to get used to things.Just grab as much information as possible and sort it out at home.If you know what you would like to major in, focus on the colleges that specialize in those areas.8Selecting a college is not just something you do overnight, it takes time and research.Your decision may affect the rest of your life, so choose wisely.

A.Here are some advice for you to follow.

B.To help out with that, I attended a college fair.

C.If not, choose colleges according to your interests and financial ability.

D.So I started to get into the swing of things.

E.If you fill these out, you will receive packets in the mail about the colleges.

F.Another great thing about college fairs is the financial aid tables. G.Although some colleges are very famous, they may not be fit for you.答案4~8BDEFC

第三篇：高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語課時(shí)作業(yè)40

(選修八·Unit 5)

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

1．—Why don't you do some shopping in the second-hand store?

—Well，the goods there are ________，but ________.A．more expensive;worse

B．more expensive;not as bad

C．cheaper;good enough

D．cheaper;not as good

答案與解析：D 考查形容詞的用法。由語境結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，和新貨比起來，二手店里的貨物價(jià)格便宜，但是質(zhì)量不如新貨好。很顯現(xiàn)這是把兩種店里的貨從價(jià)格和質(zhì)量方面進(jìn)行了比較，后面省略比較狀語。

2．He has a terrible toothache.So his mother has to________all his food for him.A．cut outB．cut off

C．cut upD．cut away

答案與解析：C cut up 切碎。句意：因?yàn)樗劳吹囊?，所以他母親不得不為他將所有的食物切碎。cut out 切掉，停止；cut off 切斷；cut away 切掉，砍掉，均不符合句意。

3．There is not much time left，but________we must get there in time.A．somehowB．somewhat

C．howeverD．a(chǎn)nyway

答案與解析：D anyway“不管怎樣”。句意：剩下的時(shí)間不多了，但是不管怎樣，我們必須按時(shí)到達(dá)那里。somehow“不知怎么地”；somewhat“有點(diǎn)”；however“然而”。

4．As time goes by，the________between the various classes of society are not so sharply marked as they used to be.A．divisionsB．gaps

C．separationsD．intervals

答案與解析：A division“區(qū)分”。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，現(xiàn)在社會(huì)上各階層的區(qū)分不像過去那樣明顯了。gap“隔閡”；separation“分開；分離”；interval“間隔”。

5．It's reported that thousands of people are going back to school online for career________or just for fun.A．developmentB．a(chǎn)dvancement

C．promotionD．relief

答案與解析：B advancement“進(jìn)步，提高”，此處表示為了改進(jìn)工作，很多人上網(wǎng)校。development當(dāng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)等的發(fā)展”講；promotion“晉升；推廣”；relief“(痛苦，負(fù)擔(dān)等的)緩和”。

6．To our________，computers，far from getting rid of jobs，can create employment.A．a(chǎn)nxietyB．relief

C．viewD．judgment

答案與解析：B to one's relief使某人欣慰的是。根據(jù)句意，空白處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞構(gòu)成表示“使我們感到放心”之意的介詞短語。anxiety意為“焦慮”；view意為“觀點(diǎn)”；judgment意為“判斷”。句意：使我們欣慰的是，電腦完全不是消除工作，而能創(chuàng)造工作。

7．Not having enough to eat，many died from________in the search for the new land.A．hungryB．thirst

C．strategyD．starvation

答案與解析：D 根據(jù)not having enough to eat可知許多人死于饑餓，可排除B、C項(xiàng)；A項(xiàng)hungry為形容詞，所以選D項(xiàng)。

8．________his wife's strong objection，the husband insisted on putting all the money they had into the stock market，which almost drove her crazy.A．Regardless ofB．In relation to

C．On behalf ofD．In memory of

答案與解析：A regardless of“不管，不顧”。

9．She tried to explain what had happened but he________her several times.A．botheredB．spoiled

C．cutD．interrupted

答案與解析：D interrupt“打斷；插話”。bother“麻煩”；spoil“寵壞”；cut“切”。

10．Let's________that there is a selection this month.What is the result likely to be，given the latest opinion polls?

A．a(chǎn)ssumeB．a(chǎn)nnounce

C．a(chǎn)ssistD．a(chǎn)pprove

答案與解析：A assume“假定；設(shè)想”，符合題意。

11．He was________when customs officers found drugs in his bag.A．a(chǎn)rguedB．fought

C．persuadedD．a(chǎn)rrested

答案與解析：D arrest“逮捕”符合題意。argue“爭(zhēng)論”；fight“打架”；persuade“說服”。

12．—I wonder if you are satisfied with my proposal.—But I prefer to see an________one before making a decision.A．a(chǎn)lternativeB．a(chǎn)nother

C．otherD．others

答案與解析：A 根據(jù)句子意思可知回答者希望能有選擇的余地再做決定，可與one搭配的只有alternative。another前不需要冠詞。

13．The origin of Chinese culture________more than 5,000 years ago.A．is dated back toB．dates back to

C．is dated fromD．dates back

答案與解析：B more than 5,000 years ago是時(shí)間點(diǎn)而不是時(shí)間段，故排除D項(xiàng)。date back to還可以用date from來表示，它們都無進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選B項(xiàng)。

14．Everyone should________and save a little money each year for when he retires.A．look forwardB．look up

C．look aheadD．look into

答案與解析：C look ahead“為將來打算”，符合題意。look forward“期望”；look up“向上看”；look into“調(diào)查”。

15．—I just hear the tickets for tonight's film had been sold out.—Oh，no！________.A．It's not at all interesting

B．It doesn't matter

C．I was looking forward to that

D．I know

答案與解析：C 題意：“今天晚上的電影票已經(jīng)賣完了?！薄芭叮?！我一直盼著呢！”只有C項(xiàng)能表達(dá)說話者的迫切的心情。

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

Starbucks coffee shops can be found all over America and in more than thirty countries around the would.Many people think they are great places to enjoy a cup of hot coffee or tea.But others dislike the company.If you are in any major city in America，the chances are great that you are not far from a Starbucks.In fact，you might be very close to several of these coffee shops.The company started in the West Coast city of Seattle，Washington，in 1971.Starbucks was named after a character in the famous American novel Moby-Dick by Herman Melville.Today，there are more than 12 000 Starbucks around the world.Sales in 2008 were almost eight billion dollars.Starbucks sells more than just plain coffee.It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language and coffee workers called“baristas”．It sells many kinds of hot and cold coffee drinks；like White Chocolate Mocha and Frappuccino.It also sells music recorders，coffee makers，food，and even books.But most of all，it sells the idea of being a warm and friendly place for

people to sit，read or talk.Starbucks is a great successful story.Buiers are willing to pay as much as five dollars for coffee drink.Many people say they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want and it is nearby.Some say Starbucks has helped to educate people about coffee from many countries.However，some people do not like the company's expansion.Owners of independent coffee stores cannot compete with Starbucks.Some small coffee sellers even took the company to court，saying Starbucks controls the market and forces out competition.1.Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

A．Starbucks，the Coffee Giant(巨人)

B．The World's Starbucks

C．Starbucks，Selling Ideas

D．Starbucks，In or Out

答案與解析：A確立文章標(biāo)題。文章主要介紹擁有眾多連鎖店的咖啡店巨無霸Starbucks，B、C、D三項(xiàng)都只是介紹Starbucks coffee shops的某一個(gè)側(cè)面，較片面。

2.People will go to Starbucks for coffee drink because of________.A．the sense of satisfaction there

B．the highly educated baristas

C．the plain taste of the drink

D．the low price there

答案與解析：A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第三句“Many people say they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want”由此推斷人們?nèi)tarbucks是由于一種滿足感。

3.What do you think takes the most important role in Starbucks' success?

A．Selling their ideas.B．The coffee culture they have created.C．Their great economic power.D．All kinds of their coffee drinks.答案與解析：B 判斷推理題。由第三段中“Starbucks sells more than just plain coffee.It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language...But most of all it sells the idea of being a warm and friendly place for people to sit，read or talk”可推斷Starbucks成功之處在于他們創(chuàng)立的咖啡文化。

4.The writer's attitude towards Starbucks is________in writing the passage.A．supportiveB．critical(批評(píng)的)

C．objectiveD．doubtful

答案與解析：C 判斷作者態(tài)度題。本文介紹Starbucks咖啡連鎖店特有的文化經(jīng)營(yíng)理念，所以作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。

Ⅲ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

“__1__It all depends on your personality，”said British naturalist Richard Mabey.“Personality shapes your view of the season，”he said.“You may see it as a fading away，a packing up(結(jié)束)，or as a time of packing in another sense –the gathering of resources before a long journey.” __2__ About November，he wrote：

No warmth，no cheerfulness，no healthful ease

No shade，no shine，no butterflies，no bees

November!

On the other hand，another English poet John Keats，already sensing he was seriously ill，was inspired by a late September day to pen one of the most famous poems in the English language，According to Richard Mabey，Keats has the biological evidence on his For example，just at the moment that Keats's“gathering swallows”(in To Autumn)are departing for Africa，millions of creatures are fleeing from the frozen north like Iceland，Greenland and Russia

to winter along the east and south coasts of Britain.People might argue that it is the coloring of the leaves and their eventual fall that make people feel sad about autumn.But no one is sure why trees drop their leaves in the first place.It may be likely to rid the poisonous material trees collect over A century after Keats，the American poet Loren Eiseley wrote in his journal：“Suppose we saw ourselves burning like maples in a golden autumn.And suppose we could disintegrate(瓦解)like autumn leaves...Would not our attitude towards death be different？”

A.Autumn is not a time of slowing down，but a time of new beginnings and great movements of creatures.B．He wrote to a friend afterwards that there was something comforting and healing about autumn.C．Keats thought we should take a negative attitude towards death.D．Autumn means different to different people.E．If this is true，perhaps it tells us a little about，for instance，Thomas Hood，the 19th Century English poet.F．More likely，it is a way of reducing the loss of water，which tree roots find hard to take in from cold soil.G．The fall of tree leaves is more likely to make people sad.答案： 1.D 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F

Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)

On a snowy winter night，a bus with 45 passenger had an accident because the slippery road.And all of them were trapping in the bus and what was worse，the bus ran out of gas and it is very cold in it.They could do nothing but to wait for help.A man who lived nearby saw what had happened.He and some villagers tried to open the door and helped all of whom out of the bus.He took them to his home but offered them food and water and even some warm clothes for children.They spent two days in his home and finally help came.All of them were thankfully for his kind help.答案：

On a snowy winter night，a bus with 45had an accident because ∧ the slippery of

road.And all of them were trapping in the bus and what was worse，the bus ran out of gas and itvery cold in it.They could do nothing but towait for help.A man who lived nearby saw

what had happened.He and some villagersto open the door and helped all ofout of the bus.He took them to his home but offered them food and water and even some warm clothes for ∧ children.They spent two days in his home and finally help came.All of them were the

for his kind help.

第四篇：高考英語從句總復(fù)習(xí)

從句

一． 定義

1.句子分為簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句。簡(jiǎn)單句是只有一個(gè)主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。復(fù)合句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成的句子。

2.復(fù)合句是由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子。主句是全句的主體，從句是主句的一個(gè)成分，它不能單獨(dú)做句子，它在句子中作什么成分，就叫什么成分的從句，如作主語的就叫主語從句，作賓語的就叫賓語從句，作表語的就叫表語從句，作定語的叫定語從句，作狀語的就叫狀語從句。3.復(fù)合句主要有三大從句，即名詞性從句（包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）、形容詞性從句（即定語從句）、副詞性從句（即狀語從句,包括時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、目的、原因、讓步、地點(diǎn)、方式等）。

二． 名詞性從句

（一）主語從句

1.主語從句是指從句充當(dāng)主語的句子。2.引導(dǎo)詞;關(guān)系代詞：（1)從句成分什么都不缺：thatwhetherif(whether一般跟or not 搭配使用，if不能)That the earth is round is true Whether she comes or not makes no difference(2)從句成分缺人：whowhomwhosewhoeverwhomever(3)從句成分缺物：whatwhatererwhichwhichever Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.Whose watch was lost is unknown.What caused the accident remains unknown.Whatever you did is right.關(guān)系副詞：where:（什么地方），從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語 when:(什么時(shí)候)，從句中缺時(shí)間狀語 why:(什么原因)，從句中缺原因狀語 how:(如何，怎樣)，從句中缺方式狀語

Where he is from is the question nobody can answer She don’t know how she can get to the hospital Why he is late is he was ill yesterday 3.主語從句的特殊形式:it做形式主語的主語從句結(jié)構(gòu)(1)It is ＋名詞＋從句

It is a fact an honor that（2)it is ＋形容詞＋從句

It is natural obviouspossible that…(3)it is ＋不及物動(dòng)詞＋從句

It seems happened that…(4)it ＋過去分詞＋從句

It is reported that… 據(jù)報(bào)道… It is said that…據(jù)說…

It has been proved that… 已證實(shí)…

4.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況

(1)if 引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。

(2)It is said ,(reported)…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong)(3)It happens…, It occurs… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(wrong)

(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(right)Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(wrong)

(5)含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時(shí)，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?(right)Is that will rain in the evening likely?(wrong)5.注意：

（1）主語從句的時(shí)態(tài)：不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)影響和限制。

Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（2）主語從句中的引導(dǎo)詞放在句首不能省略

（二）．賓語從句

1.從句在主句中充當(dāng)賓語的句子是賓語從句 2.引導(dǎo)詞

3.賓語從句的幾種形式（1）做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語 I heard that he joined the army.I wonder whether you can change this note for me.She told me that she would accept my invitation.(2)作介詞的賓語

Our success depends upon how hard we work(3).作形容詞的賓語

I am afraid(that)I’ve made a mistake.I am glad that you have made such progress(4)動(dòng)詞+it+that結(jié)構(gòu)

It做形式賓語，代替that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

He has made it clear that he won’t give up the opportunity We consider it necessary that we should open out(5)賓語從句否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.4.注意：（1）賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序

（2）如果主句謂語是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)，賓語從句的謂語時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)，賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)（即一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)等）。He thought he was working for the people．

I heard she had been to the Great W all．

John hoped that he would find a job soon．

但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恒真理等，則不變化：

The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun

（三）表語從句

從句在主句中充當(dāng)表語成分的句子是表語從句。一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋連系動(dòng)詞＋表語從句” The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.This is why we can’t get the support of the people

But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.（四）同位語從句

1.同位語從句是修飾前面名詞的從句。

The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general 2.同位語在句子中的位置

同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3.同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

(1)定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。

(2)定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對(duì)先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。例如：

The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。）（第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語）

The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分）

三．形容性從句（定語從句）

（一）含義：從句充當(dāng)定語成分的句子叫做定語從句。定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個(gè)詞，短語，或整個(gè)主句。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞，分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。

（二）限制性定語從句

1.限制性定語是指定語從句緊跟它所修飾的中心名詞或代詞之后，沒有逗號(hào)分開。2.引導(dǎo)詞：分為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。（1）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：

that:指代人、事物，作主語、賓語，做賓語時(shí)可以省略 who:指代人，做主語

whom:指代人，做賓語，可以省略。它在口語和非正式用語中常用who代替，可以省略 The man whowhom you met just now is my brother.which:指代事物，做主語、賓語。做賓語可以省略 whose:指代人、物，做定語，其后直接加名詞 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.指物時(shí)常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)代替：

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.——The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired（2）關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：

where：指地點(diǎn)，在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語 Shai hai is the city where I was born

The house where I live ten years ago has been pulled down when: 指時(shí)間，在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語

I still remember the day when I first came to the school why: 指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane 注意: 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句都可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句來代替 Shai hai is the city wherein which I was born I still remember the day whenon which I first came to the school Please tell me the reason why for which you missed the plane 練習(xí)：

A letter------is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主語)Do you know the gentleman-----spoke just now? You can take anything----you like.（賓語）What is the question-----they are talking about? Here is the man-----you want to see.3.注意

(1)限制性定語從句中只能用that的幾種情況：

A 當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時(shí)，要用that Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said? There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.All that can be done has been done.B 當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾,如：firstlastnext等

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.C 當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)

This is the best film that I have seen.D 當(dāng)形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時(shí)

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy，After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ E 當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí)

Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? F 當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? G 如有兩個(gè)從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用which，另一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that。He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.（2）限制性定語從句中只能用who的情況：

A 當(dāng)定語從句對(duì)指人的先行詞進(jìn)行隔位修飾時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如：

Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認(rèn)識(shí)黑板前面正在給學(xué)生們講話的那位女孩子嗎？

B 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如：

Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那兒的人請(qǐng)來這邊。

C 當(dāng)先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人)時(shí)，只能用who(whom)。如： Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反對(duì)我們的人就是我們的敵人。D 在there be句型中名詞的定語從句多用who(whom)。如：

There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我們班有些學(xué)生你見過。

E 當(dāng)句子中有兩個(gè)指人的現(xiàn)行詞分別帶有兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，若一個(gè)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that, 那么，另一個(gè)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。如：

The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.剛才你會(huì)到的那個(gè)男孩是李明的剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的弟弟。

(3)以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷浴?/p>

The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising

（三）．非限制性定語從句

1.含義：先行詞和從句用逗號(hào)隔開，對(duì)所修飾你名詞或代詞等起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。如果去掉從句，并不影響它所修飾的先行詞的意義。

2.引導(dǎo)詞（1）關(guān)系代詞：

指人：who :做主語，不可省略 ；whom:做賓語，不可省略 指物：which:做主語或賓語，不可省略（2）關(guān)系副詞：

when where why as等

Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he 答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。

The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3.as和which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句

（1）as和which都可在句子中做主語或賓語，它們指代的是整個(gè)句子 He married her,aswhich is natural He is honest,aswhich we can see(2)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之尾，還可分割整個(gè)主句，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能放在主句之后;as有“正如，正想”之意 As is known to us，china is a developing country He is from south,which we can see from his accent

John ,as you know,is famous writer(3)作主語時(shí)，which既可以作系動(dòng)詞be的主語，也可以作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語；而這時(shí)as 只可以做系動(dòng)詞be的主語。例如：

A)He married her, which was natural.（可用as代替which）他和她結(jié)婚，這是很自然的事。

B)He won a/the Nobel Prize in chemistry, which made him illustrious.(不可用as 代替which)他獲得了諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這使他名揚(yáng)天下。

It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it(4).在which引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞若是am, is, are則這些系動(dòng)詞不能省略；而as后面若是這種情況，則可以省略。例如：

A)He is a teacher, as(is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B)He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was不可省略)(5)當(dāng)先行詞有such,the same修飾時(shí)，常用as I have never heard such a story as he tells This is the same book as I lost last week 注意：當(dāng)先行次由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思不同

She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。

She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。

（四）引導(dǎo)詞+介詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

關(guān)系代詞在從句中做介詞的賓語時(shí)，從句常用介詞+關(guān)系代詞引: The school whichthat he once studied is vert famous ——the school in which he once studied is very famous Tomorrow I will bring a book whichthat you ask for Tomorrow I will bring a book for which you ask 注意：

A:含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語一般不拆開使用。如：look at, look for, look after, take care of等 This is watch whichthat I looking for B:當(dāng)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞之前時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞指人是只能用whom,，關(guān)系代詞指代物時(shí)，只能用which，關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)，用whose The man with whom you talked is my friend C:介詞+定語從句，前面可有some any both each none neither 等代詞或數(shù)詞修飾 He love his parents deeply，both of whom are very kind to him There are forty students in our class,，most of whom are from cities 四．狀語從句

一：時(shí)間狀語從句

（一）when, while和as。

1.when引導(dǎo)從句的動(dòng)作可以與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先于主句的動(dòng)作。引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞（一段時(shí)間），又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞（一點(diǎn)時(shí)間）。when還含有“at that moment”的意思，引起的句子不能放在句首

When he heard the news，they were much surprised(從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作)When she came in, I stopped eating.她進(jìn)來時(shí)，我在吃飯。(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.當(dāng)?shù)淖≡谵r(nóng)村時(shí)，我常常為他擔(dān)水。（延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞）

We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went out.我們正在看電視，這時(shí)燈突然滅了。They had just arrived home when it began to rain.他們剛到家，這時(shí)天就開始下雨了。

2.while 從句的動(dòng)作和主句同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句的謂語動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的。并且while有時(shí)還可以表示對(duì)比 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV I like playing football while you like playing basketball 3.as 從句的動(dòng)作和主句同時(shí)發(fā)生。從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可是瞬時(shí)性的，也可是延續(xù)性的。從句和主句要表示一個(gè)人的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)完成時(shí)，則多用as，可譯為“一邊......，一邊......” She came up as I was cooking.(延續(xù)性)The runners started as the gun went off.(瞬時(shí)性)He looked behind from to time as he went.他一邊走，一邊不時(shí)地往后看。

As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer..隨著時(shí)間的推移，天氣變得越來越暖了。練習(xí)：

1.He was about halfway through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears.(2006遼寧)

A.why B.where C.when D.while 2.— I’m going to the post office.— ____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?(1999)

A.As B.While C.Because D.If 3.____ the days went on, the weather got worse.(1990)

A.With B.Since C.While D.As 4.Tom ____ into the house when no one ____.(1992)

A.slipped;was looking B.had slipped;looked

C.slipped;had looked D.was slipping;looked 如果主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)”的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過程中，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： The landlady suspected that someone must have broken into the house when/while/as she was watching TV show.女房東懷疑在她看電視時(shí)曾有人闖入屋

5.I ____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____.(2006安徽)

A.went;was occurring B.went;occurred C.was going;occurred D.was going;had occurred 6.It was some time ____ we realized the truth.(2005山東)

A.when B.until C.since D.before 7.— Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?

— He rushed out of the room ____ I could say a word.(2006四川)

A.before B.until C.when D.after

（二）before 和after

before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后，如主句是將來時(shí)，從句中現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句是過去時(shí),主句用過去完成時(shí)。after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)表示從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。

It will be some time before we know the results After we had finished dinner,we went home.重點(diǎn)：before 的用法

1.用于It + be + 時(shí)間段 + before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”，如果主句中用否定式，則表示“不多久……就”。

It will be five years before I come back.我五年后才能回來。

It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.不久之后，敵人就被趕走了。

It won’t be long before they understand each other.他們不久就會(huì)互相了解的。

2.還有“趁……（還沒有）”之意。例如：

They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.他們正在考慮趁房?jī)r(jià)未漲時(shí)把房子買下來。

Do it before you forget it.趁早動(dòng)手，以免忘了 3.短語before long與long before的區(qū)別

before long是“很快，不久”的意思, 可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。如：

Before long, he went to America.不久，他就去了美國(guó)。

I hope to see you before long.我希望不久后再見到你。

而 long before是“很久以前”的意思，一般用在過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)的句子里。如： She said she had read the novel long before.她說她很久以前就讀過這部小說。

（三）till和until

①until和till都可表示“直到．．．為止”，與主句中持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的肯定式連用。He waited until / till we finished our meal.他一直等到我們吃完飯。

②當(dāng)until和till表示“直到．．．才．．．．”時(shí)，通常與主句中短暫動(dòng)詞的否定式連用，這時(shí)，until和till也可用before代替。

I didn’t leave until / till / before she came back.直到她回來，我才離開的。③be動(dòng)詞的肯定式和否定式都可以和until或till連用。

④until引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till從句一般不放在句首。Until he told me, I knew nothing about it.他告訴我了我才知道。當(dāng)not until位于句首時(shí)，主句中的主語、謂語要使用倒裝語序： Not until she came back did I leave.= I didn’t leave until she came back.在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中一般用until，不用till。如：

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a

1.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ____ we’ve actually had that lesson.(2007天津)A.until B.after C.since D.when 2.They ____ the train until it disappeared in the distance.(1998)A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.observed 題干中的主句為肯定句，until需要跟主句里肯定形式的表延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的謂語動(dòng)詞連用，因此本題應(yīng)選表示延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的watched(其他選項(xiàng)中的saw，noticed，observed所表示的動(dòng)作都不能延續(xù)，意味著結(jié)果)。3.“You can’t have this football back ____ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly.(2006 A because B.since C.when D.until

（四）since的用法 1.連詞

（1）表示“自從……以來”：

A:主句+since+非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

一般主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用過去時(shí),翻譯：“某某自從…以來已經(jīng)…了 He has studied very hard since he came to our school Since he graduated from the college, he has worked in this city B:主句+since+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞

主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用過去時(shí)，翻譯：“某某自從沒有…以來已經(jīng)…了”

He has had several jobs since he was a student at Yale.他自從從耶魯大學(xué)畢業(yè)以來已經(jīng)做了好幾份工作。We all have been missing her since she lived here 自從她從這里搬走，我們就再也沒見過她 He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他屢次給我寫信。He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自從我生病以來，他就屢次給我寫信。C:主句+since +延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

主句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，翻譯：“某某自從…以來…了’

Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。自從我們自己有了汽車，我們每年都去野營(yíng)。

He has never been to see me since I have been ill.自從我生病以來，他從未來看過我。

He has never been to see me since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他從未來看過我。

D：It be(一般式或完成式)＋表示一段時(shí)間的詞匯＋since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我成為研究生已經(jīng)有2年了。It was three years since we had been there.我們?cè)谀莾阂汛袅巳辍?/p>

應(yīng)注意的是，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，since引導(dǎo)的從句絕對(duì)不能用否定式的謂語動(dòng)詞來表示否定意義，下面兩句都錯(cuò)了：

It is a long time since he didn’t study English.It’s two months since you didn’t come to see me.正確的說法為：

It’s a long time since he studied English 他好久沒學(xué)英語了。

You haven’t come to see me for two months.你有兩個(gè)月沒來看我了。（2）既然；因?yàn)?/p>

He must have taken the book since it isn't here.他一定是把書拿走了,因?yàn)闀巡辉谶@里了。

Since it is so hot, let's go swimming.既然天氣這么熱,我們?nèi)ビ斡景伞?/p>

2.介詞：表示“自從……以來”，其具體用法有兩種情況：

(1)since＋表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞匯(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn))。

They have been friends since childhood.他們從幼時(shí)起一直是好朋友。I have been there many times since the war.自那次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以來，我曾去該地多次。(2)since＋表示一段時(shí)間的詞匯＋ago。

I have been here since five months ago.五個(gè)月以來我一直在這里。

They ____ friends since they met in Shanghai.(1989)A.have made B.have become C.have been D.have turned

（五）表示“一…就…”：as soon as, immediately, instantly, directly, hardly /scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…；表示“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”： the time, the moment；by the time（到…時(shí)候?yàn)橹梗? next time(下次), the first time(第一次…的時(shí)候), the last time(上次…的時(shí)候)，once（一旦…）

She rushed into the room immediately / the moment she heard the noise.她一聽到聲音就沖進(jìn)房間 He had no sooner arrived there than he fell ill.他剛到達(dá)那里就生起病來。

He had hardly finished when someone rose to refute his points.他還沒說完就有人起來反駁他的論點(diǎn) He left me a good impression the first time I met him.我第一次見他時(shí)，他給我留下了好印象。注意：hardly /scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…

前面常用過去完成時(shí)，后面用一般過去時(shí)。同時(shí)它們還可以倒裝: No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.他剛到達(dá)那里就生起病來。Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his points.（六）表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性：every time（每次）, each time（每次）, whenever（每當(dāng)）等。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每當(dāng)我們遇上困難的時(shí)候他們就來幫我們 Each time he came to town he would visit our school.他每次進(jìn)城，總要來看看我們的學(xué)校。Every time I went to his house, he was out.我每次去他家，他都出去了。

二．地點(diǎn)狀語從句

地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般由由where（在……的地方）, wherever（無論哪里），everywhere（每一個(gè)地方）引導(dǎo)的 He is ready to help wherever he is Put you son where you can see him Everywhere they want, they were warmly received 三．原因狀語從句

（一）because since as for 1.because 表示的原因語氣最強(qiáng)；通常放在主句之后，有時(shí)也放在主句之前；直接回答why 提出的問題；在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中只能用because；被not所否定時(shí)只能用because It because he was too careless that he failed 2.since和as表示的原因是人們事先已經(jīng)知道的，是對(duì)已知事實(shí)提供理由，而不表示直接原因；since比as語氣稍強(qiáng)，且比as略為正式，兩者通常都放在主句之前 3.for是并列連詞(其作三者為從屬連詞)，它有時(shí)可表示因果關(guān)系(只能放在主句之后，且可與because換用)，有時(shí)不表示因果關(guān)系，而是對(duì)前面分句的內(nèi)容加以解釋或推斷(也只能放在主句之后，但不能與because換用)。

The ground is wet, for(或because)it rained last night.地面是濕的，因?yàn)樽蛲硐逻^雨。

It rained last night, for(不能用because)the ground is wet this morning.昨晚下過雨，今天早上地面都是濕的(二)由now that，seeing that，considering that（由于…，既然…）

Seeing that it’s raining，we’d better stay indoors.既然外邊在下雨，我們最好待在室內(nèi)。Now that you are here, you’d better stay.你既然來了，最好還是留下吧

Considering that she has no experience, she has done well enough.考慮到她沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，她已經(jīng)做得不錯(cuò)了

四．條件狀語從句

（一）if，unless

1.if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句時(shí)，主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的虛擬；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的省略

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.2.unless = if……not

You will never make rapid progress if you don’t work hard

You will never make rapid progress unless you work hard

（二）1.as（so）long as “只要……”As [So] long as you need me, I’ll stay 只要你需要我，我就留下。as（so）long as 還可表示一段時(shí)間

Stay as long as you like。你愿留多久都可以。

So long as he lived, I didn’t feel that I have the right to see you between you.在他死之前，我覺得我沒有權(quán)利介入你們之間

2.only if 與 if only。only if 意為“只要”，只用于真實(shí)條件句中，是if 的強(qiáng)調(diào)式；if only 有兩個(gè)意思，一是表示“只要”，此時(shí)通常與陳述語氣連用，與 only if 用法相似；二是表示“但愿”“要是……就好了”，此時(shí)多用于虛擬語氣和感嘆句中。

I will come only if you don’t promise to invite Mary.只要你答應(yīng)不請(qǐng)瑪麗，我就來。

If only it clears up, we’ll go.只要天晴，我們就去。

If only I hadn’t told him about it.要是我沒有告訴他這事就好了 If only he will listen to you！他要是聽你的話多好！3.as long as 與 only if 的區(qū)別

（1）從語氣上看，only if 的語氣要比as long as 強(qiáng)

（2）當(dāng)主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞均為短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常只用 only if，而不用 as long as。如：He will come only if you ask him.（3）兩者均可引導(dǎo)從句置于主句之后，也可置于主句之前。但是，當(dāng)only if 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句置于主句之前時(shí)，其后的主句要用倒裝語序，而且 as long as 引導(dǎo)的從句置于主句之前不用倒裝。如：

As long as it doesn’t rain we can play.只要不下雨，我們就能玩。

Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.只有得到教師的允許，學(xué)生才可以進(jìn)這間屋。

（三）provided（providing）(that)，on condition that，given that，in case，suppose(supposing)等都有“如果”“假如”之意。

He will do the work providing you pay him 如果你給他錢，他就干活

I send you this book on condition that you pay in cash 假如你付現(xiàn)金，這架相機(jī)就賣給你

Given that he wins the support of the people, he will win the election.如果贏得人民的支持，他將取得競(jìng)選的勝利

Suppose you fail a second time, do not get disappointed, but try again 假如第二次失敗，別灰心，再試試。

五． 讓步狀語從句

（一）although, though“雖然，盡管” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，句中不能用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折語氣，但可跟yet，still表示轉(zhuǎn)折

Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?/p>

（二）ever if, even though.“雖然，盡管，即使”We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.（三）“no matter +疑問詞” 或“疑問詞+后綴ever” ：意為“無論…”。No matter what happened, he would not mind.（1）“no matter +疑問詞”不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句 Whatever you say is of no use now.Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯?jìng)冎荒芙o什么吃什么（2）注意however以下兩類句型結(jié)構(gòu) ① however+主語+謂語：

However you travel, it’ll take you at least three days.不管你怎么走，至少要三天。② however+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語：

However much he eats, he never gets fat.無論他吃多少, 他都不發(fā)胖。③ 有時(shí)該結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語和謂語可以有所省略：

He was of some help, however small.他總能幫些忙，不管多小的忙。I refuse, however favorable the condition.不管條件多好，我都不接受。

（四）讓步狀語從句與倒裝

引導(dǎo)倒裝的讓步狀語從句通常用as和though，但不是能用although；as 可以在以上這樣的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中引出讓步狀語，但若不倒裝，則不能用as，而與之相反，although在不倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)中可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，但在倒裝的結(jié)構(gòu)中卻不可以用。

（五）讓步狀語從句的虛擬語氣

六．目的狀語從句

（一）so that，in order that, so, that表示“以便；為了”，so that：如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句常與may，can，will連用；如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句常與could，should，would，might連用。

We learn English so that we can read English newspapers She came in quietly in order that she couldn’t wake up the baby

（二）least，in case，for fear that 表示“以防，以免”，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語氣

七．結(jié)果狀語從句

（一）so that，so...that，such...that 1.so…that與such…that的區(qū)別在于：

（1）A such＋a(an)＋adj.＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that…

He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.他非常聰明，大家都非常喜歡他。

B such＋adj.＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that…

They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.這些小說非常有趣，我想再讀一遍。

C such＋adj.＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that…

He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.注意：如果such后邊的名詞前由many、much、few、little等詞所修飾的話，則不用such而用so。如：

He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他所受教育很少，不適合做這個(gè)工作。（2）so…that也作“如此…以致”

so＋adj.／adv.＋that…clause（so的后面跟形容詞或副詞）

He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非?？欤瑳]人能追上他。

2.so that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，意思是“因此;所以”；在從句前常有逗號(hào)與主句分開；結(jié)果狀語從句中沒有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；目的狀語從句可移到句首，而結(jié)果狀語從句不能。

Iohn went early, so that he got a good seat.約翰去的很早，得到了一個(gè)好位置。

Iohn went early so that he could get a good seat.約翰去的很早，為的是得到一個(gè)好位置。

The little boy saved every coin_________ __________he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day 八．方式狀語從句

方式狀態(tài)語從句常由as, as if/as though等。例如：

She acted as if/though nothing had happened.It looks as if it'll rain.as if/as though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句要用虛擬語氣

第五篇：2018高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)構(gòu)想U(xiǎn)nit2Cloning課時(shí)作業(yè)

Unit 2 Cloning Ⅰ.閱讀理解

A(2017·濰坊4月模擬)Every evening Sylvie left her grandmother's house at 530 to bring their cow home.The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass.When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow.The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her grandmother's home.“Hello, little girl，” a young man called out cheerfully.“I've been hunting for birds, but I've lost my way.” The young man explained he was a scientist, who searched for birds.“Do you put them in a cage？” Sylvie asked.“No，” he answered, “I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.”

“I saw a white heron(蒼鷺)not far from here two days ago.It's a very rare bird.Have you seen it, too？” he asked Sylvie.Sylvie's heart began to beat fast.She knew that strange white bird!The young man was staring at Sylvie.“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”

Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $ 10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.Her plan was to climb to the top of a tall pine tree to see where the white heron had hidden its nest.The pine tree seemed to grow taller, the higher that Sylvie climbed.Suddenly a bird with broad white wings flew past Sylvie and landed on a pine branch below her.The white heron sat on its nest in a nearby tree.Sylvie gave a long sigh.She knew the wild bird's secret now.Slowly she began her dangerous trip down the ancient pine tree.About an hour later Sylvie returned.Both her grandmother and the young man stood up as she came into the kitchen.The splendid moment to speak about her secret had come.But Sylvie was silent.She could not tell the heron's secret and give its life away.【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了小女孩Sylvie最終因?yàn)樗纳屏级鴽]有把白蒼鷺的棲息地告訴年輕的科學(xué)家的故事。

1．Where would Sylvie usually meet the cow every evening? A.In the open country.B.Among the forest.C.On a narrow path.D.In the bushes.答案與解析：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，Sylvie是在灌木叢中遇到這頭奶牛。故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

【關(guān)鍵句】When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.(第一段最后一句)譯文：當(dāng)這頭奶牛聽見Sylvie叫她的聲音時(shí)，她就會(huì)藏在灌木叢中，不愿意回家。2．What was the young scientist's job according to his introduction? A.Collecting birds.B.Raising birds.C.Observing birds.D.Protecting birds.答案與解析：A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，這個(gè)年輕的科學(xué)家的工作可能是收集各種鳥類標(biāo)本。故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

【關(guān)鍵句】．..I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.(第三段最后一句)譯文：??我射殺它們，并用特殊的化學(xué)藥劑來處理它們，目的是保存它們。3．What had Sylvie planned to do about the white bird? A.Make good friends with it.B.Prevent it from being caught.C.Find its nest but keep it secret.D.Find it for money and the man.答案與解析：D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，因?yàn)殄X和這個(gè)年輕人，Sylvie想找到白蒼鷺。故D項(xiàng)符合題意。

【關(guān)鍵句】Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.(第五段第一句)譯文：Sylvie有了一個(gè)計(jì)劃，她可以為她的祖母掙10美元并且還能使這個(gè)年輕人高興。4．What saved the white bird's life at last? A.Grandmother's sympathy.B.The white bird's beauty.C.Sylvie's kindness.D.The young man's generosity.答案與解析：C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，當(dāng)Sylvie找到白蒼鷺的巢的位置，回到家之后，她決定不把這個(gè)秘密告訴這個(gè)年輕人，因?yàn)樗幌氚咨n鷺丟掉性命。由此可推知，Sylvie是一個(gè)善良的小女孩。故C項(xiàng)符合題意。

【長(zhǎng)難句分析】“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”(第四段最后一句)分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the person，在從句中作主語；where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作動(dòng)詞showed的賓語。

譯文：“誰帶我去找白蒼鷺，我就給誰10美元?！?/p>

B(2017·福建省質(zhì)量檢查)When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked.Scientists present the methods that got the best result.They often show only the results that are significant and important.What they won't show are the mistakes or failures that came first.Yet sometimes those mistakes pointed the way to success.It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success.Robbin, 16, and Annabelle, 15, learned that while working this summer in a biochemistry lab at Stony Brook University in New York.What's more, they learned that failure is not necessarily something to fear.“I like the idea of scientific research，” says Robbin.It's the basis for “every lesson you learn in school and understanding everything you see in life”.This summer, Robbin has been working with Lauren, a chemistry student, who is making new drugs to fight harmful bacteria.At first, the tests made Robbin anxious.She worried that she might be making costly mistakes.But Lauren reassured her that finding out what doesn't work is“just part of the learning process”.With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed.Annabelle also learned a lot about failure and success.She worked with graduate student Agnieszka Gil.“Sometimes I try something and it takes a while for the experiment to run.” This means that finding out whether Annabelle did something wrong can be a stressful waiting game, because “if you did something wrong you need to do it again”.But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.【解題導(dǎo)語】 在閱讀科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的文章時(shí)，人們往往對(duì)科學(xué)成就過度關(guān)心，其實(shí)科學(xué)成就往往是建立在無數(shù)次失敗的基礎(chǔ)之上的。Robbin和Annabelle在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里體會(huì)到了坦然接受實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗的價(jià)值。

5．What impresses students most in articles about scientific discovery? A.Scientists' achievements.B.The reasons for success.C.The cause of mistakes.D.Stressful process of research.答案與解析：A 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的第一句“When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked”以及第二段的第一句“It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success”可知，學(xué)生在閱讀科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的文章時(shí)，對(duì)科學(xué)成就的印象最為深刻，故A項(xiàng)正確。

6．What can we learn from the passage? A.Robbin is a graduate student.B.Lauren managed to make new drugs.C.Annabelle learns the value of patience.D.Agnieszka expected instant success.答案與解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學(xué)會(huì)了耐心，不期望立即成功；據(jù)此可以判斷，Annabelle知道了耐心的價(jià)值，故C項(xiàng)正確。

7．What did Robbin and Annabelle have in common in their experiments? A．They did their experiments independently.B．They realized not all experiments would succeed.C．They assisted graduate students to make new drugs.D．They made severe mistakes in the experiments.答案與解析：B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed”可知，Robbin坦然接受了并不是每次實(shí)驗(yàn)都會(huì)成功的事實(shí)；根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學(xué)會(huì)了耐心，不期望立即成功；據(jù)此可知，Robbin和Annabelle的共同點(diǎn)是她們都意識(shí)到了不是每次實(shí)驗(yàn)都會(huì)成功，故B項(xiàng)正確。

8．What does the writer intend to tell us? A.The cause of making errors in science.B.The significance of scientific discovery.C.The importance of doing experiments.D.The correct attitudes towards failures.答案與解析：D 考查目的意圖。通讀全文可知，本文的主題句是文章最后一句“In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success”；由此可知，探索科學(xué)世界，失敗是成功之母；據(jù)此可以判斷，本文旨在告訴人們對(duì)待失敗的正確態(tài)度，故D項(xiàng)正確。

Ⅱ.七選五

(2017·河北石家莊考試)

How to Avoid an Internet Addiction

While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days, there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a full-blown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction.__1__ Admit you are at risk of an addiction.More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more well-known.__2__ Set aside limited time for computer use.Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.__3__ If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.__4__ Use an alarm clock or timer.Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.__5__ A.Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.B.When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.C.This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.D.Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.E.This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.F.If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.G.Do not be embarrassed;find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.答案與解析 【文章大意】 網(wǎng)癮會(huì)給人們的生活帶來很大的影響，本文就如何避免網(wǎng)癮提出了建議。1．D 上文談到網(wǎng)癮會(huì)導(dǎo)致你對(duì)生活的其他方面失去興趣，下文的幾條建議則是有關(guān)如何避免網(wǎng)癮的，D項(xiàng)對(duì)全文起著承上啟下的作用。

2．G 本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction”，再結(jié)合本段講述的“越來越多的人有網(wǎng)癮，這是一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)象”可知，選G項(xiàng)“不要覺得不好意思，找到和你一樣有網(wǎng)癮的人，互相幫助去戰(zhàn)勝網(wǎng)癮”。

3．B 根據(jù)空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it”可知，作者建議你不用電腦時(shí)，把它合上，故選B項(xiàng)“看不到電腦時(shí)，你用它的可能性就小”。

4．F 本段的主題是“給朋友打電話而不是在網(wǎng)上發(fā)信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”與F項(xiàng)中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，還有上文的“on weekends”與F項(xiàng)中的“on weekdays”前后呼應(yīng)。

5．C 本段的主題是“Use an alarm clock or timer”，作者建議使用鬧鐘或定時(shí)器來限制上網(wǎng)的時(shí)間，空前的“shutdown timer”與C項(xiàng)中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相對(duì)應(yīng)。

Ⅲ.語法填空

(2017·石家莊模擬考試)Dogs are __1__ very popular pet.Most of them just live with their families.But some dogs have very special jobs __2__(do).A group of dogs __3__(know)as “Therapy Dogs”.These dogs are family pets with special training, __4__ allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people __5__ need.The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet.Loud noises and unfamiliar places don't frighten them.They enjoy spending time with people.Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes.When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up.They have fun __6__(pet)the dogs and look forward to their visits.The dogs help to brighten their day.Therapy dogs can improve people's health as well.Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood __7__(press)and heart rates go down.They are calmer and __8__(they)mood improves.Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries.They serve as warm and caring __9__(friend)to children, but they also do __10__(much).In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children's reading buddies.The dogs make a great audience.The children look forward to reading to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.答案與解析

【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有著特殊用途的狗——治療犬。它們能給病人帶來心理上的安慰，能成為孩子的朋友。

1．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。依據(jù)本句中的“very popular pet”可知，此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞，表示泛指。

2．to do 考查固定用法。本句中應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語，have sth.to do表示“要做某事”。

3．a(chǎn)re known 考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句話缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，“a group of＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，dogs與know是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，此處描述的是一般情況，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

4．which 考查定語從句。這是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“special training”。

5．in 考查介詞。由句意可知，這些治療犬可以到公共場(chǎng)所安撫那些需要幫助的人。in need表示“在困難時(shí)，在危難之中”，為固定搭配。

6．petting 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。have fun(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有樂趣”。7．pressure 考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞，blood pressure表示“血壓”。

8．their 考查代詞。修飾名詞mood要用形容詞性物主代詞，故用their。9．friends 考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)句子的主語They可知，此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

10．more 考查比較級(jí)。句中的but暗示這些狗對(duì)孩子來講不僅僅是朋友，它們會(huì)做得更多。