第一篇：2007-11-1191429---淺談大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課

淺談大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課教學(xué)中教學(xué)策略與學(xué)習(xí)策略

摘要：英語(yǔ)作為世界通用語(yǔ),在社會(huì)交際中顯得越來(lái)越重要,并得到了社會(huì)的廣泛重視。但許多學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)多年的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí),英語(yǔ)寫作能力仍然很低,寫不出像樣的英語(yǔ)作文。這種接受能力與產(chǎn)出能力之間發(fā)展的不平衡，已經(jīng)引起了許多專家和學(xué)者的注意，本文擬就如何在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課教學(xué)中提高學(xué)生的寫作水平作了一些探討，并提出了一些教學(xué)策略和學(xué)習(xí)策略。

關(guān)鍵詞：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課教學(xué)策略學(xué)習(xí)策略

在當(dāng)今時(shí)代,隨著國(guó)際交往的日益頻繁,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化方興未艾。英語(yǔ)作為世界通用語(yǔ),在社會(huì)交際中顯得越來(lái)越重要,并得到了社會(huì)的廣泛重視。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱指出：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有較強(qiáng)的閱讀能力、一定的聽(tīng)的能力以及初步的寫和說(shuō)的能力。新大綱的公布首次對(duì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)各階段讀、聽(tīng)、寫、說(shuō)等語(yǔ)言交際教學(xué)做出定性、定量的規(guī)定。而在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的五項(xiàng)基本技能——聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫、譯中,英語(yǔ)寫作是許多大學(xué)生面臨的難題,許多學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)多年的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí),英語(yǔ)寫作能力仍然很低,寫不出像樣的英語(yǔ)作文,在四級(jí)考試中也很難達(dá)到大綱要求。學(xué)生“高分低能”傾向比較嚴(yán)重，寫作的平均成績(jī)比選擇題的低。這種接受能力與產(chǎn)出能力之間發(fā)展的不平衡，已經(jīng)引起了許多專家和學(xué)者的注意，本文擬就如何在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課教學(xué)中提高學(xué)生的寫作水平作了一些探討，并提出了一些教學(xué)策略和學(xué)習(xí)策略。

一、大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)寫作的現(xiàn)狀

1、思維問(wèn)題

漢、英思維模式的差異對(duì)大學(xué)生英語(yǔ)寫作的會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的影響。思維是人類語(yǔ)言行為的特征。不同民族存在著共同的思維,但由于所處的地理位置不同,文化傳統(tǒng)不同,說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的民族和說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)的民族在思維方式上存在著很大的差別。漢語(yǔ)民族思維模式是曲線式的、間接的,更注重綜合型思維,注重整體和諧、從多歸一,注重人際關(guān)系；英語(yǔ)民族的思維模式是直線式的、直接的,更注重分析性思維,崇尚天人對(duì)立、征服自然,注重人與物的關(guān)系。中國(guó)學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)寫作時(shí)大多欠缺這方面的考慮,結(jié)果在英語(yǔ)寫作中,學(xué)生由于受漢語(yǔ)寫作慣性思維的影響,很容易在內(nèi)容挖掘方面進(jìn)行漢語(yǔ)思維,而不嚴(yán)格地按英語(yǔ)格式用事實(shí)論證的方法。因而寫出中式英語(yǔ)作文。

2、詞匯問(wèn)題

按照《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》(修訂本)的要求,學(xué)生參加四級(jí)考試的詞匯量在3600-4200之間,其中積極詞匯量在2300左右。但許多學(xué)生卻達(dá)不到《大綱》的要求,他們?cè)趯懹⒄Z(yǔ)作文時(shí)往往由于詞匯量有限而使作文顯得過(guò)于單

一、缺乏新意。有的學(xué)生雖然在作文中為了避免重復(fù)能夠用一些同義詞,但也會(huì)由于用詞不當(dāng)而使作文出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。有些學(xué)生在作文中則不能正確拼寫表達(dá)時(shí)所用的詞匯。所有這些都會(huì)大大限制思想的表達(dá)和寫作能力的發(fā)展。

3、缺乏語(yǔ)篇的連貫性

一篇好的英語(yǔ)文章,其結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是非常嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?。這種嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性體現(xiàn)在標(biāo)題(title)、中心思想(mainidea)、主題句(topicsentence)和細(xì)節(jié)(details)之間的層層的聯(lián)系上,即細(xì)節(jié)要圍繞著主題句進(jìn)行論述,主題句要緊扣中心思想,中心思想又不能偏離標(biāo)題。然而許多學(xué)生在寫作中不會(huì)使用主題句,或文中的主題句不明確。邏輯思維能力不強(qiáng),觀點(diǎn)片面且無(wú)內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,文不對(duì)題,無(wú)法構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整、連貫、質(zhì)量較高的篇章。

4、缺乏想象力

在寫作中,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管學(xué)生頭腦中積累了一些表象材料,但由于寫作時(shí),學(xué)生不能充分發(fā)揮想象力,積極性不能被很好地激活,頭腦中的表象無(wú)法及時(shí)地顯象出來(lái),結(jié)果作文內(nèi)容空洞,缺乏具體、生動(dòng)的事實(shí),使人讀起來(lái)如同嚼蠟,使文章索然無(wú)味。

5、文化差異的影響

語(yǔ)言是文化的產(chǎn)物,是文化的重要組成部分,語(yǔ)言使文化得以發(fā)展和傳播,文化又滲透著語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)的各個(gè)組成部分。文化對(duì)語(yǔ)言的影響主要表現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)法、詞匯等方面。其中,文化對(duì)詞匯的影響最大、最明顯。例如“狗”一詞在:漢語(yǔ)中的意思多為貶義詞,漢語(yǔ)中常有“狗急跳墻”、“痛打落水狗”等詞來(lái)形容惡人。而在英語(yǔ)中相對(duì)應(yīng)的“dog”一詞卻多為褒義詞,例如,“l(fā)uckydog”在英語(yǔ)中指的是幸運(yùn)兒的意思。對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),寫作中如果忽略了一些詞所具有的文化內(nèi)涵,勢(shì)必會(huì)導(dǎo)致表達(dá)上的失誤。

二、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作課教學(xué)中教學(xué)策略與學(xué)習(xí)策略

當(dāng)代認(rèn)知心理學(xué)家指出：沒(méi)有任何教學(xué)目標(biāo)比“使學(xué)生成為獨(dú)立的、自主的、高效的學(xué)習(xí)者”更重要。聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織總干事納依曼闡述道：“今天教育內(nèi)容的百分之八十以上都應(yīng)該是方法??方法比事實(shí)更重要”。因此，教會(huì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，傳授有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略，已被當(dāng)前教育界視為提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的有效途徑及減輕學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)，大面積提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量的有效措施。這就是說(shuō)，在課堂上如何把教學(xué)策略與學(xué)習(xí)策略有效運(yùn)用就成了一個(gè)非常重要的課題。下面我就怎樣讓學(xué)生積極參與到寫作課中來(lái)，也就是如何運(yùn)用一些教學(xué)策略和學(xué)習(xí)策略來(lái)提

高寫作課的效果作一個(gè)介紹。

1、提供同類范文

我們以記敘文的寫作課為例。教師在上課前可以先準(zhǔn)備好兩篇記敘文。這兩篇記敘文的寫作方式是不一樣的：一篇是按正敘來(lái)寫的，另一篇?jiǎng)t是按倒敘來(lái)寫的；一篇以第一人稱敘述，另一篇?jiǎng)t以第三人稱敘述。上課一開(kāi)始老師就發(fā)給學(xué)生們這兩篇文章，讓他們快速去瀏覽一遍，找出兩篇文章寫作方式上的不同之處，學(xué)生之間可以相互討論、合作得出結(jié)論。學(xué)生如果一時(shí)找不出來(lái)可以采取誘導(dǎo)、啟發(fā)等方式讓學(xué)生去發(fā)現(xiàn)。學(xué)生給出答案后，教師對(duì)答案的對(duì)錯(cuò)作一個(gè)說(shuō)明，然后對(duì)這兩篇文章寫作方式的不同再作一個(gè)總結(jié)，這樣通過(guò)學(xué)生自己尋找和老師的點(diǎn)撥、說(shuō)明、總結(jié)就能給學(xué)生一個(gè)有關(guān)記敘文寫作的總體印象，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中也訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的觀察力和分析問(wèn)題的能力。教師給學(xué)生一些問(wèn)題，讓學(xué)生帶著這些問(wèn)題再去讀這兩篇文章。這些問(wèn)題涵蓋了記敘文的五要素：where，what，when，who，why．在第一遍閱讀的基礎(chǔ)上，學(xué)生應(yīng)該很快能找出這五個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案，教師再告訴學(xué)生這是英文記敘文寫作中的五要素并對(duì)這五要素作一個(gè)解釋、說(shuō)明。

以上這個(gè)步驟中我們運(yùn)用了認(rèn)知策略，認(rèn)知策略是指學(xué)生為了完成具體學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)而采取的步驟和方法,除了認(rèn)知策略，我們還運(yùn)用了情意策略。情意策略主要包括下面四個(gè)方面：動(dòng)機(jī)、信心、堅(jiān)持、激情，還有合作。教師在這兩個(gè)步驟中運(yùn)用了閱讀課教學(xué)和寫作課教學(xué)相結(jié)合的策略，使寫作課擺脫了以往只講寫作練習(xí)的枯燥模式。

2、實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練

給定學(xué)生一個(gè)題目，讓學(xué)生集中一段時(shí)間思考，即頭腦風(fēng)暴法。這個(gè)方法放在教學(xué)上就是指在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)使學(xué)生的大腦就某一主題進(jìn)行密集的想象和思考，即把他們看到這個(gè)題目后展開(kāi)豐富的想象，然后把在他們腦海中出現(xiàn)的，無(wú)論是單詞、詞組還是句子都統(tǒng)統(tǒng)寫在 草稿紙上。這些寫下來(lái)的東西在寫文章的時(shí)候不一定都能用到，接下去還有一個(gè)去粗取精的過(guò)程。針對(duì)草稿紙上寫下的單詞、詞組、和句子，畫出一個(gè)樹(shù)形圖，這個(gè)樹(shù)形圖比更直觀，更方便下面的寫作。為了說(shuō)得明白一點(diǎn)，我舉一個(gè)例子，假設(shè)我們要寫的記敘文的題目是： Myfirstdayincollege，我們?cè)诳赡軙?huì)寫下下列詞或詞組：date、weather、happy、anxious、beautiful university、high buiding、laughter、colorful flowers、friendly classmates、helpful teacher、dream??現(xiàn)在我們要做的就是把有用的詞找出來(lái)。給學(xué)生一定的時(shí)間讓他們自己去寫文章。很多學(xué)生在等級(jí)考試之后都會(huì)向我訴苦，說(shuō)他們寫作文的時(shí)候感覺(jué)時(shí)間不夠，最后結(jié)尾部分草草了事。所以平時(shí)訓(xùn)練最好就給他們半個(gè)小時(shí)時(shí)間，訓(xùn)練他們的寫作速度。

在這一步驟中運(yùn)用了提取信息的策略和實(shí)踐性學(xué)習(xí)策略。記憶的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題不在于貯存，而在于提取。提取信息的策略包括了分析和綜合的策略、比較和歸類的策略、具體化策略、歸納與演繹的策略等。這些策略的獲得會(huì)使英語(yǔ)寫作質(zhì)量提高到更高的層次。

3、批改策略

學(xué)生寫完文章之后，老師不要急于把作文本子收走，十分認(rèn)真地在他們的本子上圈圈點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，把每個(gè)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤都很盡責(zé)地改好。老師一手包辦的結(jié)果就是學(xué)生這次犯的錯(cuò)誤，下次寫的時(shí)候還會(huì)犯，因?yàn)橛∠蟛簧羁?。所以最好的方式就是學(xué)生寫完作文后，同桌對(duì)調(diào)改。改完之后以四到六個(gè)人為一組，討論里面出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。一般來(lái)講，學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤有些是差不多的，所以這么一討論，別人的錯(cuò)誤就是一面鏡子，照出了自己的不足。學(xué)生通過(guò)自己討論，對(duì)自己的錯(cuò)誤印象就會(huì)深刻得多，這對(duì)與寫作能力的提高很有幫助。老師在這個(gè)過(guò)程中起一個(gè)引導(dǎo)和解惑作用就可以了。當(dāng)然，學(xué)生改完后老師還是應(yīng)該把作文本子收上來(lái)，免得有學(xué)生誤改，下次上的時(shí)候再把這次的錯(cuò)誤給總結(jié)一遍。

在這個(gè)步驟中我們主要運(yùn)用了兩個(gè)策略：元認(rèn)知策略以及情意策略中的合作策略。合作策略上面已經(jīng)提到過(guò)了，下面我們說(shuō)一說(shuō)元認(rèn)知策略。元認(rèn)知策略通俗地說(shuō)就是對(duì)自己地學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行反思的策略。許多研究都證明元認(rèn)知策略對(duì)提高外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的效率有著重要意義。學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)是否成功在很大程度上取決于元認(rèn)知策略使用的成敗。文秋芳教授在調(diào)查傳統(tǒng)與非傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)方法時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)起關(guān)鍵作用的變量之一是學(xué)生的自我管理策略，而該策略的核心是自我反思與評(píng)價(jià)能力。所以認(rèn)識(shí)元認(rèn)知策略的重要性，有效地運(yùn)用元認(rèn)知策略對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)進(jìn)行自我管理、自我監(jiān)控及自我評(píng)估很有必要。

每個(gè)學(xué)生都想提高自己的英語(yǔ)成績(jī)，那就很有必要掌握一些學(xué)習(xí)策略，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率和質(zhì)量；其實(shí)很多策略平時(shí)我們無(wú)意識(shí)當(dāng)中已經(jīng)在運(yùn)用了，但這遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠，我們應(yīng)不斷強(qiáng)化這些策略。英語(yǔ)老師也應(yīng)多方運(yùn)用一些教學(xué)方法，增加課堂的趣味性，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)激情。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

1、董宏樂(lè)：《概念語(yǔ)法隱喻與英文寫作能力的提高》，《國(guó)外外語(yǔ)教學(xué)》,2002年第3期；

2、左年念：《外語(yǔ)作文評(píng)閱與學(xué)生寫作能力提高之間的關(guān)系》，《外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究》，2002年第5期；.3、楊淑嫻：《英語(yǔ)寫作成功者與不成功者在策略使用上的差異》，《外語(yǔ)界》,2002年第3期；.4、熊美華：《論英語(yǔ)寫作課的教學(xué)策略和模式》，《贛南師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)》,2001年第2期；

5、葉依群：《影響大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作的因素及對(duì)策》，《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)》,2002年第9期。

第二篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作

常用寫作句型

1現(xiàn)象解釋型

模板一

⑴According to the chart/graph/ table/ picture, it is clear that 圖表/畫內(nèi)容總概括.⑵The chart/graph/ table/picture shows.⑶Many reasons contribute to 現(xiàn)象概括.⑷To begin with, 原因一.⑸進(jìn)一步闡述原因一.⑹Moreover, 原因二.⑺In addition, 原因三.⑻As a result, 段落總結(jié)句.⑼As to me, I think 我的觀點(diǎn)/態(tài)度/建議.⑽ First of all, 理由一.⑾ Besides, 理由二.⑿To conclude, 模板二

Topic

⑴From the chart/graph/ table/picture, we learn that nowadays, 總述社會(huì)現(xiàn)象/事實(shí)現(xiàn)象, which has aroused the great /common concern.⑵what impresses me most is.⑶That are many reasons accounting for.⑷First of all,原因一.⑸進(jìn)一步闡述原因一.⑹ What is more, 原因二.⑺ For example, 舉例說(shuō)明原因二.⑻ In addition, 原因三.⑼As far as I am concerned, 我的觀點(diǎn).⑽For one thing/On one hand 理由一.⑾ For another/ On the other hand,.⑿Thus/In brief/Taking above mentioned factors into consideration, I may reasonably conclude that….常用句型

⑴As is described in the chart/graph/table/picture, in the past few decades, there have arisen sharp increase in…如圖中所示，在過(guò)去的幾十年中，……急劇增長(zhǎng)。

⑵The chart/graph/table/picture describes that the figure declines/falls smoothly/markedly, it indicates that…

圖表顯示數(shù)字下降平緩/明顯，這表明……

⑶In the chart/graph/table/picture, we can seen that there was a slight/ marked fluctuation.It reveals that…

在圖表中，我們可以看到有細(xì)微/很明顯的波動(dòng)，這表明…

⑷Recently, the problems of …h(huán)as become the focus of the public concern.近來(lái)，…問(wèn)題引起公眾極大的關(guān)注。

⑸There may be a combination of factors which contribute to/ are responsible for/ explain… …可能是好幾個(gè)因素造成的結(jié)果。

⑹There may be several possible reasons for which will be demonstrated below.可能有幾個(gè)原因?qū)е铝宋覀兿旅嫠U述的問(wèn)題。

⑺It’s no easy /simple task to offer the reasons for this phenomenon which involves more than one complicated factors.要解釋該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因并不容易，因?yàn)槠渲猩婕暗胶芏鄰?fù)雜的因素。

⑻ Among all the important/convincing reasons for…,one should be emphasized… 在所有重要/有力的原因中，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注…

2問(wèn)題解決型

模板一

Topic

⑴It is well-known that 相關(guān)背景, but nowadays 總述不良現(xiàn)象或問(wèn)題.⑵現(xiàn)象具體表現(xiàn)一.⑶現(xiàn)象的具體表現(xiàn)二.⑷It should be paid attention to that 該現(xiàn)象 is causing great harm/該現(xiàn)象 is caused for many reasons.⑸On one hand, ⑹On the other hand,.⑺Therefore, it is high time that ⑻First of all, 解決方法一.⑼進(jìn)一步闡述方法一.⑽Secondly/In addition, 解決方法二.⑾Thirdly/Besides/Morever.解決方法三.⑿Only in this way can we解決問(wèn)題.模板二

Topic

⑴There has been a discussion recently about 事實(shí)現(xiàn)象.⑵ It is obvious that 危害一/作用一.⑶ Additionally, 危害二/作用二.⑷So how to 解決問(wèn)題is worth paying attention to.⑸On one hand/ Firstly, 解決方法一.⑹進(jìn)一步闡述方法二⑺On the other hand/Secondly,解決方法二.⑻For example,支持該方法的例子.⑼In addition/ Thirdly, 解決方法三.⑽In fact, more than three ways can be adopted.⑾As for me, 我的思考或看法.⑿All in all, 總結(jié)全文.常用句型

⑴It is important that effective actions should be taken to prevent the situation.⑵There is little doubt that serious attention must be called to…

⑶There is no immediate solution to the problem of…,but …might be helpful/ but the general awareness of the necessity of…might be the first step.⑷In order to make our world a better place in which we live, we should make great efforts to… ⑸To conclude, we can see the best way is…

⑹Following these methods may not guarantee the success in solution to…, but the payoff will be worth the effort.3對(duì)比選擇型

模板一

Topic

⑴Different people have different views on看法/問(wèn)題.⑵Somme prefer 一種看法觀點(diǎn).⑶Others tend to.⑷As for me, I agree to the first/ second opinion.⑸Of course, 我不贊同的觀點(diǎn)的合理性.⑹For example, 支持其合理性的例子.⑺But 我不贊同的觀點(diǎn)的不足.⑻The following reason can account for your preference.⑼The main reason is that 支持觀點(diǎn)的理由一.⑽ A good example to illustrate is that 支持理由一的例子.⑾In addition/ What’s more,支持觀點(diǎn)的理由二.⑿For the foregoing, 重申觀點(diǎn).模板二

Topic

⑴When it comes to事物/問(wèn)題, different people will offer different opinions.⑵Some people take it for granted that 觀點(diǎn)一.⑶In their opinion, 觀點(diǎn)一的理由一.⑷Besides, 觀點(diǎn)一的理由二.⑸However, others hold that觀點(diǎn)二.⑹They maintain that 觀點(diǎn)二的理由一.⑺And 觀點(diǎn)二的理由二.⑻Weighing up these two arguments, I am for 觀點(diǎn)一/觀點(diǎn)二.⑼ On one hand, 理由一.⑽ On the other hand, ⑾ For instance, 舉例說(shuō)明理由二.⑿ Therefore, as stated above, 常用句式

⑴ There is a general discussion nowadays on the problem of …Some argue that …,but others set forth a totally different argument about the issue.⑵ In response to the problem, some people believe…,in their minds,…Other maintain that…, in their eyes,…

⑶ Personally, I side with the former/ latter opinion.⑷ In conclusion, it is clear that

4觀點(diǎn)論證型

模板一

⑴ It is true that 普遍的觀點(diǎn).⑵ However, 不同的觀點(diǎn)/現(xiàn)象.⑶ I think,我的觀點(diǎn).⑷ 理由或其他論據(jù) can be listed as follows.⑸ Firstly，論據(jù)一.⑹ Secondly, 論據(jù)二.⑺ For example, 支持論據(jù)二的事例.⑻ Thirdly, 論據(jù)

三.⑼ A case in point is 支持論據(jù)三的事例.⑽ There is no doubt that 重申觀點(diǎn).⑾ Therefore, 與該觀點(diǎn)相符的做法.⑿ In a word, 總結(jié)全文.模板二

Topic

⑴ Many people believe that 社會(huì)現(xiàn)象/事實(shí).⑵The truth is deep and profound.⑶ As we all know,具體表現(xiàn)一.⑷ In addition, 具體表現(xiàn)二.⑸ There are numerous examples supporting this argument.⑹ A case in point is 闡述第一個(gè)例子⑺ For another example, 引出并說(shuō)明第二個(gè)例子.⑻ Moreover, 闡述第三個(gè)例子.⑼All mentioned above that tells us that重申觀點(diǎn).⑽ But(One thing we have to notice is that)提出個(gè)人建議.⑾ In short,總結(jié)全文.常用句式

⑴ It is well known that …plays an important part in…

⑵ It is believed that …

⑶ There are many reasons explaining …

⑷ From what has been mentioned above, we may safely come to the conclusion that …

5應(yīng)用文

⑴建議信模板

Date

Dear ___________,⑴ I am delighted to learn that _________.⑵ It____________.⑶ In my opinion, ________.⑷ On one hand,_________.⑸ On the other hand,_________.⑹ As to ________, I suggest ___________.⑺ If__________.⑻ It is unnecessary for you to _____________.⑼ In addition, ________________.⑽ I am sure _______________.⑾ Please inform me _________________.⑿ I amlooking forward to __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I would like to suggest that …/ I am writing with my suggestion that…

⑵ You have asked me for my advice with regard to …and I will try to make some conducive suggestions.⑶ If I were you, I would…

⑷ As you may agree that...⑸ I hope you will find these suggestions helpful/ practical/ useful.⑹ I hope you will take my suggestions into consideration.⑺ I would be happy to see improvements in this regard.⑻ I would be ready to discuss this matter to further details.⑵倡議書(shū)模板

Date

Dear________,⑴ I am writing this letter to call on ____________to ____________.⑵ As some of you may know,___________.⑶ In fact,___________.⑷It is necessary for us to___________.⑸ On one hand,__________.⑹ On the other hand, ______________.⑺ However,___________________.⑻So it is high

time_____________________.⑼ Firstly, ________________.⑽Secondly, _______________.⑾ If you are willing to ____________, please ______________.⑿ Join us in the action and extend ________into a spirit that dares any possible difficulties.Thank you.⑶求職信模板

Date

Dear_______,⑴ I am applying for the position of _________advertised in _________.⑵ I major in

_____.⑶ My training in ________definitely meet your qualifications.⑷ My complete resume is attached.⑸ I will graduate on____________ from_________.⑹ In addition to the required courses of this program, I have_________.⑺ I also have some experience in ___________.⑻ I believe my training and experience _________________.⑼ You will find me to be ________________⑽ I hope that you will consider me for your position.⑾ May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ⑿ I can be reached by telephone __________.Sincerely yours,Signature

常用句式

⑴ I am writing to apply for the post of …advertised in …

⑵ In reply to your advertisement in…, I beg to apply for the post …in your company.⑶ I feel I have the qualifications and experiences needed for the position of …

⑷ I shall bring with me the full details of my testimonials as you request.⑸ I hope I may be granted an interview when I can explain my qualification more fully.⑹ It seems that my experience, together with my education, has given me ideal preparation to assume the role of…in your firm.

第三篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作模版

（1）模版一There is no consensus among the people as to the view of(主題).Some people hold the idea that(觀點(diǎn)A).A case in point is that(支持觀點(diǎn)A的例子).On the other hand, others may have a quite different view.According to them,(觀點(diǎn)B).The most typical example is that(支持觀點(diǎn)B的例子).Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter.Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some

extent, but the latter is more convincing.2）模版二(主題)is a common occurrence in our lives.The attitudes toward this issue vary from person to person.Some people tend to ______when they are asked(觀點(diǎn)A)because(支持觀點(diǎn)A的原因).The most typical example is that(支持觀點(diǎn)A的例子).However, others argue that(觀點(diǎn)B).They point out that(重申觀點(diǎn)B)for the reason that(支持觀點(diǎn)B的原因).As far as I am concerned, I will choose to(你的觀點(diǎn))because this choice fits my personality and my life-long belief.2）My View 型（1）模版一 When asked about(主題), some people hold the idea that 觀點(diǎn)A).As far as they are concerned,(展開(kāi)觀點(diǎn)A).But I could not agree with them in several points.In my opinion,(觀點(diǎn)B).The reasons for my choice are listed as follows.In the first place,(支持觀點(diǎn)B的理由1).In the second place,(支持觀點(diǎn)B的理由2).In the third place,(支持觀點(diǎn)B的理由3).For the reasons mentioned above, I firmly believe(重申觀點(diǎn)B).（2）模版二 Some people believe that(觀點(diǎn)A).For instance, they hold the idea that(支持觀點(diǎn)A的例子).And it may bring them（A帶給他們的好處).In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,(我不同意的理由1).For another,(我不同意的理由2).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, I agree to the thought that(重申自己的觀點(diǎn)).3）利弊型（1）模版一Nowadays many people prefer(主題)because it plays a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.On the one hand,(主題的優(yōu)點(diǎn)1).On the other hand,(主題的優(yōu)點(diǎn)2).But everything can be divided into two.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that(主題的缺點(diǎn)1).To make matters

worse,（主題的缺點(diǎn)2).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects.Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain,(主題)itself is

neither good nor bad.It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society.（2）模版二With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into reality.Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are distasteful.The phenomenon of(主題現(xiàn)象)is an example of the former / latter one.There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.To start with,(原因1).Furthermore,(原因2).Eventually,(原因3).Good as(主題現(xiàn)象)is, it has, unfortunately, its disadvantages.The apparent example is that(缺點(diǎn)例子1).In addition,(缺點(diǎn)例子2).On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern society.There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate(主題現(xiàn)象)and make our life more comfortable.圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一個(gè)原因).More

importantly, …(第二個(gè)原因).Most important of all, …(第三個(gè)原因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for

quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)).提綱式作文 1.對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing（X）.They point out the fact that 支持（X）的第一個(gè)原因。They also argue that 支持（X）的另一個(gè)原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do（X）.They firmly point out that 反對(duì)（X）的第一個(gè)理由。An eample can give the details of this argument:

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of（X）overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about,（X）also may（X）的有一個(gè)壞處。

2.批駁觀點(diǎn)式Many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。By saying that, they mean 對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個(gè)

例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀

點(diǎn)。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3.社會(huì)問(wèn)題(現(xiàn)象)式 Nowadays, there exists an increasinglyserious social/economic/ environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common

concern of the public).According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說(shuō)明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。(或者是一個(gè)例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..辯論式議論文模版

模版1Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點(diǎn)1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點(diǎn)2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據(jù)1.More importantly, 論據(jù)2.Most important of all, 論據(jù)3.In summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或:From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè).模版2People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)1, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)2.As far as I am concerned, the

former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據(jù)1.For another, 論據(jù)2.Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3.To conclude, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè).模版3There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn))。Some people are of the view that 觀點(diǎn)1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點(diǎn)2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據(jù)1。Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據(jù)3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè).(I)說(shuō)明原因型模塊

Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX

It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注釋: 1:XX的第一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn) 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法

4:XX的第二個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn) 5:舉例證明優(yōu)點(diǎn)二 6:說(shuō)明XX優(yōu)點(diǎn)三的影響第三天我寫的相應(yīng)作文:The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your

enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that

(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)說(shuō)明原因型模塊(2)

In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind

people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from,children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what

programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.Nowadays, there are more and more [某種現(xiàn)象] in [某種場(chǎng)合].It is estimated that [相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)].Why have there been so many [某種現(xiàn)象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [原因一].Besides, [原因二].The third one is [原因三].To sum up, the main cause of [某種現(xiàn)象] is due to [最主要原因].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [解決辦法一].On the other hand, [解決辦法二].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某種現(xiàn)象].為便于讀者理解，我特意用這個(gè)模板，寫了一篇關(guān)于ghost writer(捉刀代筆的槍手)的示范性小作文，請(qǐng)您觀摩一下。

Nowadays, there are more and more [ghost writers / 槍手] in [China's examinations / 中國(guó)的考場(chǎng)].It is estimated that [5％ examinees are ghost writers / 5％的應(yīng)試者是槍手].Why have there been so many [ghost writers / 槍手]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [hirers' ignorance / 雇主無(wú)知].Besides,[hirers' indolence / 雇主懶惰].The third one is [hirers' obtusity / 雇主遲鈍].To sum up, the main cause of [ghost writers / 槍手] is due to [hirers' low IQ / 雇主智商低].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [flagellation / 鞭打].On the other hand, [decapitation / 斬首].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [ghost writers / 槍手].（I）說(shuō)明原因型

模塊

（一）Nowadays ,there are more and more XX in some big cities.It is estimated that(1).Why have there been so many XX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(2).Besides,(3).The third reason is(4).To sum up ,the main cause of XX is due to(5).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing ,(6).On the other hand ,(7).All these measures will certainly reduce the

number of XX.Generation gap between parents and children

Nowadays , there are more and more misunderstanding between parents and

children which is so-called generation gap.It is estimated that(75 percentages of parents often complain their children's unreasonable behavior while children

usually think their parents too old fashioned).Why have there been so much misunderstanding between parents and children?

Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is that(the two generations,having grown up at different times, have different likes and dislikes ,thus the disagreement often rises between them).Besides(due to having little in common to

talk about , they are not willing to sit face to face).The third reason is(with the

pace of modern life becoming faster and faster , both of them are so busy with their work or study that they don't spare enough time to exchange ideas).To sum

up ,the main cause of XX is due to(lake of communication and understanding each other).It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing(children should respect their parents).On the other hand ,(parents also should show solicitue for

their children).All these measures will certainly bridge the generation gap.（I）說(shuō)明原因型 模塊（2）In recent years , xx has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all ,(3).Then , there comes a case that(4).Moreover ,(5).Especiallywhen(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected theo remindpeople that(7).In this way ,we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television

In recent years , with the development of science and technology ,80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV , offering as many as 50 channels.It has

caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all ,(with so many programs to choose from , children are not getting as much

exercise as they should).Then , there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their

ability to achieve in school).Moreover ,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV

viewing).In this way ,children will not be influented too deeply.（I）說(shuō)明原因型 模塊（3）

Currently,XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX.It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result , your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your

plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon

(6).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(7).注釋：： XX的第一個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn) 2： 支持XX的做法 3：不支持XX的做法 4：XX的第二個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)

5：舉例證明優(yōu)點(diǎn)二6：說(shuō)明XX優(yōu)點(diǎn)三的影響第三天我寫的相應(yīng)作文：

The importance of self-confidence

Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuablethan self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence ,it will bring your creative power

to play , arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome

difficulties), as a result , your dreams willcome true.On the contrary,if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that

you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。

It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light

when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect

that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in preserverence and

self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound

influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint ,I think(he that can have

self-confidence can have what he will).綜合運(yùn)用篇

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，出現(xiàn)了越來(lái)越多的問(wèn)題，其中之一便是____________。

As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，對(duì)于此類問(wèn)題，人們持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，人們開(kāi)始關(guān)注.....As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.關(guān)于是否值得________的問(wèn)題，一直以來(lái)爭(zhēng)論不休。當(dāng)然，不同的人對(duì)此可能持不同的觀點(diǎn)。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，這種現(xiàn)象引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注，有人開(kāi)始擔(dān)心______________。

展現(xiàn)問(wèn)題篇

Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近來(lái)，是否_______的問(wèn)題已經(jīng)非常明確而且引起了社會(huì)的廣泛關(guān)注。

The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利與弊已在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)引起熱烈的討論。

At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人認(rèn)為_(kāi)______而另一些人則認(rèn)為_(kāi)______。其實(shí)，兩種觀點(diǎn)都其可取之處。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.對(duì)于這種極具爭(zhēng)議的話題，我們很難作出絕對(duì)的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行業(yè)的人對(duì)同一種問(wèn)題的解釋不盡相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.這中極具爭(zhēng)議性的話題往往很受社會(huì)的關(guān)注。不同的人對(duì)此問(wèn)題的看法也不盡相同。

When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...說(shuō)到___，有人認(rèn)為_(kāi)___，而另一些人則認(rèn)為_(kāi)__。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of..There who criticize...argue that..., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，___問(wèn)題爭(zhēng)議較大。批判_______的人認(rèn)為_(kāi)__，他們認(rèn)為_(kāi)___，不過(guò)，另一方面，贊同__的人則認(rèn)為_(kāi)__。

1、常用與開(kāi)頭的短語(yǔ)、句式

（1）with the（rapidly）growing popularity of（computers/private cars）in China，the quality of our lives has been considerably changed。

（3）With the development of（science and technology/market economy），more and more/an increasing number of people come to realize that …

（4）Currently there is a widespread/serious concern over(illegal publication/drug abuse/negative influence of western cultures).（5）Nowadays ,a heated debated/discussion about…is under way in China.some people believe that …,whereas others argue that…

（6）There are some reasons for owning(private cars/ personal computers).To begin with,…Next,…Last,…There are, on the other hand, many reasons against it, First,…Second,…Finally,…

（7）There are many advantages and disadvantages in(owning a car).（8）There are various /at least three ways/possible techniques/problems/methods to do something

（9）Smoking/Alcoholic beverage should be banned from college campuses for toe reasons.The first reason is that …The second reason is that …/On the one hand ,… On the other hand,…

（10）The possible solutions of(the energy crisis/water shortages/these social problems)depend on three factors…

（11）The tow major reasons responsible for(the rapid economic growth /the widespread of fake products)are…

2．常用于結(jié)尾的短語(yǔ)、句式

（1）It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to。。

（2）To conclude，we can see that（the best way/the possible solution）is。。

（3）In short，（shortages of water，decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution）are the major problems to be solved to（increase rain production）。

（4）In order to make our world a better place in which to live we should make great efforts to。。

（5）In a word，there are three suggestions we must follow，only in this way can we（achieve a great success）。

（6）It is time for us to take an active part in。。

（7）Let us work hand in hand in hand to（solve these social problems）

1．表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious． 4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．．

6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid，and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．

2．表示好處1）It has the following advantages．2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．

5）It is of great benefit to us．

例： Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．

3．表示壞處1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmfulto us．

例： However，everything dividesinto two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi-sion．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth． 3）It plays an important role in our life．

例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon，computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．

5．表示措施1）We should take some effective measures． 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth． 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．

6．表示變化1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．

2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．

例： Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)寫作

1.對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式

A．有人認(rèn)為#是好事，贊成#，為什么？

B．有人認(rèn)為# 是壞事，反對(duì)#，為什么？

C．我的看法。

模板:

With the development of our society, # has increasingly become a common concern of the public.(可再加一句情況說(shuō)明)

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing #.They point out the fact that 支持# 的第一個(gè)原因.They also argue that 支持# 的另一個(gè)原因.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do #.They firmly point out that 反對(duì)# 的第一個(gè)理由.What’s more, 反對(duì)# 的第二個(gè)理由.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of#/doing # 的好處overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(結(jié)尾一段也可選用這種方式:

Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of #/doing # 的好處, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)

Colleges Have Opened Their Doors Wider With the development of our society, the fact that colleges have opened their doors wider has increasingly become a common concern of the public.Some people are in favor of the idea of opening the colleges’ doors wider.They point out the fact that it allows more students to pursue higher education.They also argue that it will provide more talents for our society.However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to open the colleges’ doors wider.They firmly point out that it will be much harder for the graduates to find a job.What’s more, it will lead to a social problem.There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of

opening the colleges’ doors wider overweigh the disadvantages.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.(141 words)(結(jié)尾一段也可選用這種方式: Therefore, in my opinion, although there are advantages of opening the colleges’ doors wider, its negative effects should not be ignored.Given more correct directions, all of us can benefit more from it.)(141 words)

2.社會(huì)問(wèn)題(現(xiàn)象)式

A．一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題或者現(xiàn)象

B．產(chǎn)生的原因

C．我的看法。

Work in the Countryside(positive)

1.許多大學(xué)畢業(yè)生自愿到農(nóng)村工作

2.出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因

3.我的看法

Work in the Countryside With more and more university graduates in our society, how to find a good job has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that many university graduates would like to work in the countryside.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that with more and more university students graduating each year, the job market competition becomes more and more fierce, and many graduates cannot find jobs in the cities.Secondly, most villages that are trying to employ university graduates have developed well.It makes mot much difference whether to work in the countryside or in the city.Last but not least, some university graduates who come from the

countryside are eager to go back home to contribute to the construction of their hometown.Based on the above reasons, I think university graduates should go to work where they are needed most and where they can make full use of their talents.Working in the countryside can be truly an advisable(明智的)choice.(170 words)Misleading News(negative)

1.當(dāng)今社會(huì)虛假新聞越來(lái)越多

2.分析出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的原因

3.呼吁社會(huì)改變這種不智之舉

With the development of our society, misleading news has increasingly become a common concern of the public.It is reported that there are more and more misleading news in our society.There are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To start with, it is a fact that there are more and more modern communication tools in the world, misleading news can easily spread.Secondly, some journalists would like to draw public attention and increase the sales by publishing misleading news.Last but not least, the public would like to share some interesting news which may be misleading.Based on the above discussions, I think we should take action to prevent misleading news.Think twice before we speak can be truly an advisable choice.(124 words)

3.應(yīng)用文

寫信:感謝信, 投訴信，道歉信,邀請(qǐng)信,申請(qǐng)(貸款、入學(xué)、求職)，請(qǐng)求別人幫忙（寫推薦信，搜查資料)

Dear Sir or Madam,(不知是誰(shuí)的情況下，如果有要求寫給誰(shuí)要寫上具體的名稱)

I am a student/customer who….I am writing to thank you for/complain about/apologize for/invite you to do/apply for/ask for your help to do sth.描述過(guò)程或原因.When I …, I was really thankful/upset/sorry /honored/interested/upset.I sincerely hope that ….If you can…, I will be really….I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

A Letter to Apply for a Student Loan

1.介紹你的個(gè)人情況

2.申請(qǐng)助學(xué)貸款的原因、數(shù)額及用途

3.如何保證專款專用以及你的還款

Dear Sir or Madam,I am a sophomore in Peking University who majors in Engineering.I am writing to apply for a student loan of 2,000 yuan.It is hard for me to make the application, but I have to.Last year both my parents were laid off, and what’s worse, three weeks ago my mother was discovered to have caught a serious disease.Therefore, I could not get support for my study form my family any more.When I knew that I have the opportunity to apply for the student loan, I was really happy and excited.So I immediately write this letter to you to ask for your help.I sincerely hope that I can get the loan.I promise that all the money will go to my tuition and fees for the next year, and I will repay it within four years, that is, one year after my graduation.If you can grant my application, I will be really grateful.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Lily

(166 words)

4.圖表作文模板

圖表作文提示部分包括圖表和文字要點(diǎn)提示兩部分。圖表的類型主要有：圓形（餅型）圖（pie chart）、柱形圖(直型圖)（graph）、曲線圖（chart）和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)表(表格)（table）。① 描述圖表 ②分三方面解釋原因 ③下結(jié)論

1)As can be seen from the in______.During the period from _______to _______, ________rose from ________to _______, while _______ decreased from _______ to _______.2)We believe that there are a number of reasons for this phenomenon.To begin with,____.Secondly, ____.Last but not least, _____.3)In conclusion, ______.We can imagine that _____.范文： Health Gains in Developing Countries

1．以下圖為依據(jù)描述發(fā)展中國(guó)家的期望壽命(1ife expectancy)和嬰兒死亡率(infant mortality)的變化情況

2．說(shuō)明引起變化的各種原因

1960 1990

Health Gains in Developing Countries

life expectancy of developing 40 years nearly 60 years, infant

develops quickly in developing countries during this period, and living quality improves the development of national health care systems.When they become richer and richer, they care more about personal health conditions.medical sciences also develop at a fantastic speed, and it is much safer for mothers to give birth.the situations in developing countries are changing for the better.(169 words)

注:還須注意今年的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題,如:就業(yè)(有關(guān)詞匯如: graduate, apply for, applicant, candidate等);經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題(有關(guān)詞匯如: the financial

crisis/tsunami等);或城市交通問(wèn)題等.

第五篇：英語(yǔ)寫作評(píng)課稿

評(píng)朱菲菲老師的寫作課

聶忠敬

英語(yǔ)寫作課是公認(rèn)的難上的課，而朱菲菲老師給我們送來(lái)了這樣一節(jié)優(yōu)秀的作文理論課，給我們今后的教學(xué)帶來(lái)了很好的指導(dǎo)作用。

第一、引題

朱老師以自己為話題，讓學(xué)生問(wèn)他幾個(gè)問(wèn)題，以增進(jìn)彼此的了解，融洽師生關(guān)系，從而更快的接受老師，更快的融入課堂。而且這樣的方式也很好地鍛煉了口語(yǔ)能力，使英語(yǔ)學(xué)以致用。

第二、如何寫一篇優(yōu)秀的文章

A、審題目：要認(rèn)真審題，看到考題后，先不要急于動(dòng)筆，要仔細(xì)看清題目要求的內(nèi)容。在自己的頭腦中構(gòu)思出一個(gè)框架或畫面，確定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下筆，看懂題意，根據(jù)提供的資料和信息來(lái)審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關(guān)系、故事情節(jié)、主體時(shí)態(tài)、活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。

B、圈要點(diǎn)：防止遺漏要點(diǎn)。要點(diǎn)是給分的一個(gè)重要因素。為了防止寫作過(guò)程中遺漏要點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們要充分發(fā)揮自己的觀察力，把情景中給出的各個(gè)要點(diǎn)逐條列出。

C、列提綱：為寫作做好準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)文章要點(diǎn)短文的中心思想將主要句型、關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)記下，形成提綱。

D、定基調(diào)：定出時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、順序、開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾。E、寫全文：寫短文時(shí)要做到以下五個(gè)方面（1）避免使用漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)，盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用，以避免重復(fù)和呆板

（2）多用簡(jiǎn)單句型，記事、寫人一般都不需要復(fù)雜的句型（3）注意語(yǔ)法、句法知識(shí)的靈活運(yùn)用

語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤;主謂語(yǔ)要一致，主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)要和謂語(yǔ)一致；注意人稱代詞的賓格形式；注意冠詞用法，注意拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和大小寫等。(4)上下文要連貫

(5)不會(huì)表達(dá)，另辟蹊徑、改錯(cuò)句

中考作文時(shí)，由于時(shí)間緊、內(nèi)容多，同學(xué)們出錯(cuò)在所難免。因此，改錯(cuò)這一環(huán)節(jié)必不可少。中考作文評(píng)卷是根據(jù)要點(diǎn)、語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性、上下文的連貫性來(lái)給分，根據(jù)錯(cuò)誤多少來(lái)扣分。因此中考時(shí)花幾分鐘時(shí)間用來(lái)檢查錯(cuò)誤顯得尤為重要。檢查錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)從以下幾個(gè)方面入手：

（1）看字?jǐn)?shù)是否達(dá)到要求?？从袩o(wú)遺漏要點(diǎn)

（2）看文體格式是否正確規(guī)范

（3）看詞語(yǔ)使用是否正確，有無(wú)語(yǔ)法或用詞上的錯(cuò)誤(n.art.v.adj./adv.)（4）看單詞拼寫、字母大小寫是否有錯(cuò)，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)有無(wú)遺漏或用錯(cuò)等等

（5）注意時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、人稱是否上下文一致 G、謄定稿 考試中，書(shū)面表達(dá)應(yīng)做到先打草稿，寫完后多讀幾遍，檢查是否有誤，然后再抄到試卷上，注意字跡要工整，不涂、不畫、不勾不抹，避免不必要的扣分。

本堂課對(duì)如何應(yīng)付中考作文作了全面的講解，從中可以看出，教師的基本功非常扎實(shí)，也為上課作了充分的課前準(zhǔn)備。要寫好作文，要求學(xué)生多積累，我很贊同這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，要有詞匯基礎(chǔ)、短語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)、句型基礎(chǔ)等。遺憾的是如果把帶讀短語(yǔ)和句型的時(shí)間用在寫作文上，這樣就不是空談理論，而是理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際。在同學(xué)們完成寫作之后，先讓學(xué)生自己點(diǎn)評(píng)其他人的作文，運(yùn)用上課中提到的改作文的方法來(lái)改寫錯(cuò)誤，使學(xué)生在發(fā)現(xiàn)別人的錯(cuò)誤的同時(shí)，改掉自己的毛病。這將是一個(gè)亮點(diǎn)，這種方法往往讓學(xué)生記憶深刻、終生難忘。效果則會(huì)更好。從總體來(lái)看，這是一堂較好的作文理論課。為我們今后教作文提供了很好的方法。同時(shí)不管是教態(tài)，還是語(yǔ)言，都非常自然、流暢，水到渠成。

2013.5.22