第一篇:中國社會與文化(英語)名詞解釋
(SAR): Special administrative regions was established specially designed for solving Hong Kong and Macao issues based on the concept of “one country , two systems ”.SAR has more autonomous power regulated clearly by laws, including executive , legislative and independent judicial power.木魚 :a percussion instrument made of a hollow wooden block, originally used by Buddhist monks to beat rhythm when chanting scriptures.)古箏A plucked string instrument.It is built with a special wooden sound body with strings arched across movable bridges along the length of the instrument for the purpose of turning.The present-day zither usually has 21-25 strings.Lunar calendar :tradition Chinese calendar, according to which a common year has 354 or355 days in total, 12months of 30 days or29,and a lunar leap year has 383or384days in 13month.According to changes in the position of the sun, a solar year is divided into 24 seasonal division points to farming牌坊:Also called pailou, is an archway usually made from fine wood or stone, and painted or decorated with glazed tiles.Calligraphers are usually requested to write moral inscription to be carved into the middle beam.These structures usually stand in downtown areas , or at the entrances of mausoleums, temples, bridges and parks.無為Let things take their own course and do nothing.It’s the basic concept of Taoism, an attitude towards the world and political ideology held by ancient Taoism.儒家:Confucianism is a school of thought represented by Confucius and Mencius.The school takes the teachings of Confucius as its core of thought and regards the words and deeds of Confucius as its highest code of behaviour..benecolence and justice, allegiance and forbearance.墨家:Moism:based on the teachings of Mozi, cherishes universal love which states that if all the people in the world loved one another, there wold be no hatred,calamities, and hostilities.In politics and ethics Mohism advocates honoring virtuous people, opposing fatalism and aggressive wars, and upholding thriftiness and simple funerals 法家:Legalism,begun by Han Feizi, espouses laying down laws to unify the thought of people, promoting agriculture to achieve affluence ,waging wars to gain strength and power ,and establishing a system of bureaucracy.
第二篇:中國社會與文化
姓名:徐林學(xué)號:1106010226
班級:旅英二班日期:12月5號
What Have I Learned From Olympic Games?
To begin with, I must admit that I used to be ignorant of Olympics, because I am really not interested in sports.Exactly speaking, I nearly knew nothing about it.But things have changed.This year's London Olympics drew much of my attention when I was enjoying my summer holiday.It was by an accident that I watched CCTV-5 when I had my breakfast, just at that time I saw us Chinese athlete won a gold medal, and our National Anthem was played in the stadium.I felt extremely excited and proud.I knew the honor not only belongs to the athletes themselves but also belongs to our country.Indeed, it had aroused my patriotism.Later on, I began to focus on Olympic Games.Even I stayed up every night in order to watch those fantastic events.The Olympics lasted for half a month.I was always round the TV, paying close attention to the performance of Chinese athletes and also the medal table.What made me arrogant was that we China almost ranked Number 1 every day.Although the final result was that America took the first place, I didn't feel depressed or angry, since I had witnessed the whole progress.I knew America deserved it, because their athletes were really excellent, especially in track and field and swimming.China had its own strengths, such as gymnastics, badminton, table tennis and diving.In my point of view, what Chinese athletes need to do is to play to the advantages and strengthen their weaknesses.During London Olympic Games, I had been familiar with many famous athletes in the world.At the same time, I was deeply touched by some of them, either by their previous experiences or by their performance in the competition.It has been a long time after the Olympics ended, but I am still eager to speak out.It was them who made me interested in sports and gave me inspiration.When I recall those athletes
from my memory, the first one who come to my mind is Liu Xiang.Since he had ever won the champaign in 110 metres hurdles in the Athens Olympics.For Chinese
people, It was really a miracle.Compared with European people and African people,1
Asians were always weak in this event.While he quitted the competition in Beijing Olympic Games.Consequently, people from all over the world all expected to see his performance in London.I was no exception.I clearly rememer how excited I was that afternoon on August 7th.I am looking forward to his appearance.When he first came to my sight, he just put on a charming smile on his face.Without everyone's
expectation, Liu Xiang crashed at the first barrier in the 110m hurdles heats.At that moment, I was totally shocked, I just looked at the screen, too frightened to say a word.Unconsciously, tears had been in my eyes.I knew it was a disaster for both
himself and all Chinese people.It was the worst result that we can imagine.However, Liu Xiang, is a strong person.He jumped on one foot to kiss the hurdle, seemingly he was saying goodbye to his beloved sport.My heart was deeply moved.The only
thought in my mind was that he would recover soon.We had been proud of him, and it was obvious to all that he earned much honors for China.For me, I think we should admire his achievements rather than his mistakes.Table tennis match caught much of my attention because of an athlete named
Wang Hao.He had ever won second place two times both in Athens and Beijing
Olympic Games.So,this time in London, he was expected to win a gold medal, for it probably was his last time to take part in Olympics.But the result remains the same, it happened a third time.What a shame it was!He must feel much regretful.But the destiny was totally indifferent to him, and he had nothing to do but accept the
outcome.From his experience, I realized that I must stick to my dream no matter how bad the result would be.As long as there is opportunity, I ought to seize it without any hesitation.It was him who encouraged me.I love his spirit.I can not wait to mention another person.He is Jordan Jovtchev , the president of Bulgarian Gymnastic Association.This year he is at the age of 39.It was the six time he had taken part in Olympics.In the hand ring event, I noticed him because of his
gray head and his wrinkled face.It was reported that he had to participate in this event, since Bulgaria was in bad need of gymnasts.As a athlete, he is obvious old, compared with other players.As a Bulgarian, he sacrifice a lot for his country.Although he
didn't get high scores, I still pay my respect to him.It was him who let us know what
is sportsmanship.I sincerely appreciate him.Olympic Games is an excellent activity which attracts people all over the world together.In the competition, everyone is equal to everyone else.It doesn't matter whether you are black or white, rich or poor;no matter what your background is.People just come to this place for their sport dream.In a certain sense, Olympic
Games contributes to the world peace and harmony.Thanks to Coubertin,the Father of the Olympics, we can enjoy sports with people from different countries in a
peaceful way.In the end, I want to say that sports really add much happiness to every people's life.Now, I am quite interested in sports, and I am looking forward to the next Olympics in Rio.
第三篇:爾雅中國社會與文化
“鐵肩擔(dān)道義,妙手著文章”形容的是以下哪個職業(yè)?()A、新聞工作者 B、律師 C、教師 D、政治家
我的答案A 得分: 0.0分 2 孫志剛事件促進了以下哪項法律法規(guī)的廢止?()A、《國有土地上房屋征收與補償條例》 B、《城市戶口管理暫行條例》 C、《中華人民共和國戶口登記條例》 D、《城市流浪乞討人員收容遣送辦法》 我的答案:D 得分: 25.0分 3 1978年著名的社論《實踐是檢驗真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》最初發(fā)表在哪份報紙上? A、人民日報 B、參考消息 C、光明日報 D、新華日報
我的答案:C 得分: 25.0分 4 從社會影響而言,新聞最根本的屬性是每日都在影響社會的工作。()我的答案:√ 《紐約世界報》的創(chuàng)辦者是()。
? ? ? ? A、赫斯特 B、貝內(nèi)特 C、普利策
D、亨利·斯坦利
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
“人有多大膽,地有大產(chǎn)”是以下哪個時期的政治口號?()
? ? ? A、文化大革命時期 B、大躍進時期 C、改革開放時期 ? D、國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爭時期
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
新聞工作者要在短時間內(nèi)做出準(zhǔn)確全面的判斷,離不開其平時對于社會現(xiàn)狀的了解和知識積累。()
我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
《紐約世界報》和《紐約新聞報》的競爭對越南戰(zhàn)爭的發(fā)生負(fù)有不可推卸的責(zé)任。()我的答案:×
提出“文化是包括知識、信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、習(xí)俗和任何人作為一名社會成員而獲得的能力和習(xí)慣在內(nèi)的復(fù)雜整體?!边@一定義的人是()。
? ? ? ? A、斯賓塞 B、列維.斯特勞斯 C、泰勒
D、莫斯
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
“中國特有的國情”最主要的是指()。
? ? ? ? A、獨特的地理環(huán)境 B、龐大的人口基數(shù) C、特殊的政治體制
D、不曾中斷的歷史和文化傳統(tǒng) 我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
下列說法中,不正確的一項是()。
? ? A、文化中的物質(zhì)文化層指的是物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)方式以及產(chǎn)品的總和 B、禮俗、民俗等屬于行為文化層 ? ? C、價值觀是人的精神內(nèi)核之一
D、文化是自然形成的,它不依賴于歷史和環(huán)境 我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
關(guān)于“文化”,學(xué)界已經(jīng)有了統(tǒng)一一致的概念與說法。()我的答案:×得分: 20.0分
客觀、公正、真實、準(zhǔn)確是對新聞工作者的要求。()我的答案:√ 中國是在以下哪次會議上作出了實行改革開放決策的?()? A、遵義會議 ? B、十一屆五中全會 ? C、十一屆三中全會
? D、第十二次全國代表大會
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
中國改革開放30年來取得的最大的成就是()。
? A、教育改革 ? B、人口流動 ? C、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展
? D、言論自由
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
亞洲四小龍是:中國香港、新加坡、韓國和中國上海。()我的答案:X得分: 0.0分
宗教信仰屬于文化的心態(tài)文化層。()我的答案:√ 1 提出要“徹底消除壟斷理論后果”和“使社會政治思維發(fā)生急劇的轉(zhuǎn)折”的蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是()。
? ? ? ? A、赫魯曉夫 B、葉利欽 C、戈爾巴喬夫
D、斯大林
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
戈爾巴喬夫的“新思維”理論,是在以下哪本著作中提出的?()
? ? ? ? A、《民主的模式》
B、《對過去和未來的思考》 C、《離開克里姆林》
D、《改革與新思維》
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
“休克療法”是在以下哪位俄羅斯領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在位時期提出的改革方案?()
? ? ? ? A、赫魯曉夫 B、葉利欽 C、戈爾巴喬夫
D、斯大林
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
十一屆三中全會上確立了中國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制改革目標(biāo)。()我的答案:×得分: 20.0分
知青上山下鄉(xiāng)運動從50年代開始一直持續(xù)到文化大革命結(jié)束。()我的答案:√ 1
柏林墻的倒塌發(fā)生在哪一年?()
? A、1987年 ? B、1988年 ? C、1989年
? D、1990年
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
驅(qū)動中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的兩大動力包括:改革開放的政策和()。
? A、政治的開明環(huán)境 ? B、科學(xué)技術(shù)的進步 ? C、中國人民的勤勞奮進 ? D、海外華人的投資
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
改革開放的根本精神和首要經(jīng)驗是什么?()
? A、與時俱進 ? B、求真務(wù)實
? C、百花齊放,百家爭鳴 ? D、解放思想
我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
中國的改革開放以及俄羅斯的“休克療法”都取得了巨大的成功。()我的答案:X得分: 0.0分
溫州的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式是內(nèi)向型的。()
我的答案:√ 1
中國歷代封建王朝最基本的經(jīng)濟指導(dǎo)思想是()。
? A、小國寡民 ? B、坊市制度 ? C、閉關(guān)鎖國
? D、重農(nóng)抑商
我的答案:D得分: 0.0分
厚德載物”最早出自以下哪本文獻?
? A、《詩經(jīng)》 ? B、《周易》 ? C、《道德經(jīng)》
? D、《尚書》
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
以下描述屬于小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟下中國人的觀念的是()。
? A、對土地的衣服 ? B、對家族的情感 ? C、對祖先的崇拜
? D、以上都包括
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
在小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟條件下,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)是最根本的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式。()我的答案:√得分: 20.0分
明代的“一條鞭法”是由海瑞提出的。()
我的答案:X 1
在中國社會文化意識形態(tài)中長期占統(tǒng)治地位的是()。
? A、墨家思想 ? B、道家思想 ? C、法家思想
? D、儒家思想
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
中國古代最重要的祭祀是什么?()
? A、社稷 ? B、儺 ? C、祭孔大典
? D、祭祀太一
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
印度社會的階級性體現(xiàn)為種姓制度。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
“天人感應(yīng)”論的提出者是老子,他認(rèn)為自然現(xiàn)象都可以用來解釋社會政治的變化。()我的答案:× 以下說法不正確的一項是()。
? A、道德規(guī)范是適應(yīng)小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟群居生活方式而產(chǎn)生的
? ? ? B、“孝”是中國長期小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)孕育出來的觀念 C、小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟下人民習(xí)慣離群索居
D、家族式聚居是最經(jīng)濟、成本最低的一種聚居方式 我的答案C得分: 0.0分
下列關(guān)于老子的理想社會說法錯誤的是()。
? A、小國寡民 ? B、無為而治 ? C、人民知足常樂
? D、等級分明
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
梁惠王是戰(zhàn)國時期哪個國家的國君?()? A、齊國 ? B、魏國 ? C、韓國
? D、趙國
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
中國1949年人口約為()。
? A、一億 ? B、兩億 ? C、三億
? D、四億
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
《論貴粟疏》的作者是董仲舒。我的答案:×
《關(guān)于公布漢字簡化方案的決議》是在什么時候正式實施的?()
? A、1954年 ? B、1955年 ? C、1956年
? D、1957年
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
在1949年,中國的文盲數(shù)量占總?cè)丝诘谋壤牵ǎ? A、90% ? B、80% ? C、70%
? D、60%
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
在中國識字在5000以下的即被認(rèn)為是文盲。()我的答案:×得分: 25.0分
多子多福的觀念是由小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟社會的生產(chǎn)方式?jīng)Q定的。()我的答案:√ 1
認(rèn)為中國文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)“始于悲者終于歡”的人是()。
? A、王國維 ? B、董仲舒 ? C、白居易
? D、陳寅恪
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
以下文學(xué)作品中,不屬于悲劇作品的是()。
? A、《趙氏孤兒》 ? B、《竇娥冤》
? C、《梁山伯與祝英臺》 ? D、《欽差大臣》
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
樂觀積極是“天人合一”觀念的精神產(chǎn)物。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
學(xué)界傾向于將《紅樓夢》歸類為喜劇。()我的答案:×
“和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(一)1
科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的提出者是()。
? A、習(xí)近平? B、江澤民 ? C、鄧小平
? D、胡錦濤
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
中國特色社會主義的本質(zhì)屬性是()。
? A、自由民主 ? B、人民富強 ? C、社會和諧
? D、法治社會
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
成績:100.0分已完成 《中共中央關(guān)于構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會若干重大問題的決定》是在以下哪次會議上通過的?()
? A、中共第十一屆中央委員會第三次全體會議 ? B、中共第十六屆中央委員第六次全體會議 ? C、中共第十七次全國代表大會 ? D、中共第十三屆中央委員會 我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
和諧社會理念的提出是對國際社會“單邊主義”的反抗,是提倡世界多樣性的體現(xiàn)。()我的答案:√
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(二)已完成成績: 100.0分
“天下為公”是由誰最早提出的?()
? A、孔子 ? B、孟子 ? C、老子
? D、荀子
我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
首次提出用“小康”一詞來描述四個現(xiàn)代化戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)的人是()。
? A、朱镕基 ? B、江澤民 ? C、鄧小平
? D、溫家寶
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
“四個現(xiàn)代化”不包括以下哪點?()
? A、工業(yè)現(xiàn)代化 ? B、農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化
? ? C、國防現(xiàn)代化
D、教育現(xiàn)代化
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
“大道之行也,天下為公”出自《禮記·禮運》。()我的答案:√得分: 20.0分
“四個現(xiàn)代化”的提出比“小康社會”晚。()我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(三)已完成成績: 100.0分
以下屬于2002年江澤民提出的全面建設(shè)小康社會的奮斗目標(biāo)的是()。
? ? ? ? A、經(jīng)濟更加發(fā)展、民主更加健全。B、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮。C、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實。D、以上都是
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
在中國,被稱為“東方巴黎”的城市是()。
? ? ? ? A、北京 B、深圳 C、上海
D、香港
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
以下是目前我國主要國內(nèi)問題的是()。
? ? A、貧富差距 B、城鄉(xiāng)差距 ? ? C、地區(qū)差距
D、以上都是
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
現(xiàn)代的“禮”的意思和古代的“禮”概念是一樣的。()我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(四)已完成成績: 100.0分
“全面建設(shè)小康社會”的奮斗目標(biāo)是在哪次會議上正式提出的?()
? ? ? ? A、十四大 B、十五大 C、十六大
D、十七大
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
“禮,王之大經(jīng)也”出自于哪部著作?()
? ? ? ? A、《禮記》 B、《尚書》 C、《論語》
D、《左傳》
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
下列國家沒有在《京都議定書》上簽字的是()。
? ? ? ? A、日本 B、中國 C、美國
D、澳大利亞
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分 單邊主義是現(xiàn)代社會中,美國等國家實施的外交政策。()我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(五)已完成成績: 100.0分
法國的哪位作家將搶劫圓明園的英法聯(lián)軍稱為“兩個強盜”并極力譴責(zé)這種行為?()
? A、雨果 ? B、巴爾扎克 ? C、莫泊桑
? D、福樓拜
我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
“既來之,則安之”出自()。
? A、《大學(xué)》 ? B、《論語》 ? C、《中庸》
? D、《禮記》
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
中國的航海日設(shè)立于()。
? A、2002年7月11日 ? B、2003年7月11日 ? C、2004年7月11日
? D、2005年7月11日
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
單邊主義的實質(zhì)是主張文明的單一化和同質(zhì)化。()我的答案:√得分: 20.0分 經(jīng)濟越發(fā)達,幸福的指數(shù)越高。()我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(六)已完成成績: 100.0分
《說文解字》中“和”的意思是()
? A、樂器名 ? B、相互應(yīng)和 ? C、祭祀用品
? D、說話
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
馬如森認(rèn)為甲骨文的“龢”的本義是()。
? A、裝飾品 ? B、酒具 ? C、禮器
? D、樂器
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
“和”與“龢”在古代意思是一樣的。()我的答案:×得分: 25.0分
和諧世界和單邊主義的實質(zhì)是文明的多樣性和單一性的問題。()我的答案:√
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(七)已完成成績:1
晏子探討“和”與“同”時拿什么做比喻?()
? A、戰(zhàn)爭
100.0分
? ? ? B、動物 C、食物
D、歷史名人
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
《論語·子路》中的“狂狷”中“狷”的意思是()。
? ? ? ? A、冒進 B、畏縮 C、狂妄
D、不講規(guī)則
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
古代的大同社會理想與全面建設(shè)小康社會和和諧社會具有相通之處。我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
中國古代只有儒家一家提倡“和”的觀念 我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(八)已完成成績: 100.0分
道生一,一生二,二生三,三生萬物”中“二”指()。
? ? ? ? A、天地 B、男女 C、陰陽
D、山水
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
以下說法中,正確的是()。
? A、董仲舒之前,儒家思想的傳統(tǒng)是不研究怪力亂神之事 ? ? ? B、鑒真和尚是為了弘揚佛法而到日本的 C、老子的學(xué)說具有樸素的辯證法思想 D、以上都正確
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
中國古代哲學(xué)史中很多著名的觀點,都滲透著和諧的概念。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
“陰陽”指的是相互矛盾,相互排斥的事物。()我的答案:×
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(九)已完成成績:1
《周易》中一共有多少卦?()
? A、32 ? B、49 ? C、64
? D、128
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
《周易》中所說的“三才”不包括()。
? A、天 ? B、地 ? C、人
? D、道
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
儒學(xué)的神學(xué)化是從()開始的。
? A、孟子
分 100.0 ? B、董仲舒 ? C、荀子
? D、程頤
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
中國的五行觀念,體現(xiàn)了事物之間的什么關(guān)系?()
? A、對立 ? B、矛盾 ? C、和諧
? D、轉(zhuǎn)化
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
陰陽是中國哲學(xué)思想中最核心的觀點之一。()我的答案:√
“和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(十)已完成成績:1
古代“劉郎”、“紅雨”可以指代()。
? A、柳樹 ? B、杏 ? C、桃
? D、荔枝
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
“章臺柳”的典故出自哪位詩人?()
? A、韓翃 ? B、元稹 ? C、白居易
? D、蘇軾
我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
80.0分 《紅樓夢》后四十回是()寫的。
? ? ? ? A、曹雪芹 B、吳敬梓 C、高鶚
D、方以智
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
《俄狄浦斯王》屬于古羅馬悲劇。()我的答案:X分: 0.0分
對于一個民族來說,哲學(xué)武裝的是人的頭腦,文學(xué)鑄就的是人的靈魂。()我的答案:√
和諧”理念溯源與價值評析
(十一)已完成成績: 80.0分
“翠玉白菜”被收藏在以下哪個機構(gòu)?()
? ? ? ? A、大英博物館 B、法國羅浮宮 C、北京故宮博物館
D、臺北故宮博物院
我的答案:D得分: 0.0分
玉的“五德說”出自()。
? ? ? ? A、《水池篇》 B、《說文解字》 C、《禮記》
D、《周禮》
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分 成語“止戈為武”出自于哪部著作?()
? ? ? ? A、《呂氏春秋》 B、《國語》 C、《左傳》
D、《尚書》
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
以下說法中錯誤的是()。
? ? ? ? A、中國文學(xué)中的男主角都是多是勇武剛強的 B、金庸小說中俠客具有才子化的傾向 C、西方文學(xué)中具有“英雄美人”的傳統(tǒng) D、中國古代小說中有著普遍的“才子佳人”模式 我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
“遠人不服,則修文德以來之”是孟子說的。()我的答案:×
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(一)已完成成績: 100.0分
從知識結(jié)構(gòu)來說,教育結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)如下哪些特征,才更有利于社會的發(fā)展?()
? ? ? ? A、陀螺型 B、菱形 C、金字塔形
D、倒金字塔形
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
下列哪個不屬于我國教育現(xiàn)狀?()
? ? ? A、中小學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)過重 B、高校學(xué)生人數(shù)逐年遞增 C、技術(shù)學(xué)院招收學(xué)生逐年遞減 ? D、教育地區(qū)發(fā)展不平衡
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
在中國學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)過重,主要指以下哪些方面?()
? A、課程負(fù)擔(dān) ? B、業(yè)余學(xué)習(xí)? C、心理負(fù)擔(dān)
? D、以上都有
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
“尊重知識,尊重人才”的口號是在1977年提出的。()我的答案:√
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(二)已完成成績:1
長期以來,我國教育最薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)是()。
? A、高等院校教育 ? B、學(xué)前教育 ? C、義務(wù)教育
? D、中等實用型人才教育
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
《新工具》的作者是()。
? A、笛卡爾 ? B、維柯 ? C、培根
? D、斯賓諾莎
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
下列說法不正確的是()。
100.0分 ? A、很多學(xué)生選擇中等職業(yè)學(xué)校就讀通常是無奈之舉 ? B、我國自古就十分注重教育
? C、人們的教育觀念深受傳統(tǒng)文化和思想的影響 ? D、我國的高等院校數(shù)量上已經(jīng)基本滿足學(xué)生上學(xué)需要 我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
培根認(rèn)為讀什么能夠使人莊重?()
? A、歷史 ? B、倫理 ? C、邏輯
? D、詩歌
我的答案:B得分: 20.0分
從國家的角度講,中國的普及教育呈現(xiàn)著重高等教育而輕實用型技術(shù)人才教育的傾向。()我的答案:√
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(三)已完成成績: 80.0分
《左傳》中“三立”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不包括()。
? A、立德 ? B、立功 ? C、立言
? D、立名
我的答案:D得分: 20.0分
以下說法錯誤的是()。
? A、西方人認(rèn)為,學(xué)習(xí)到一定程度,就該為官為國家提供服務(wù) ? B、西方的教育倡導(dǎo)每一個人努力地使自己變成精英 ? C、啟蒙運動是西方的思想解放運動 ? D、西方的人們傾向于認(rèn)為學(xué)習(xí)是個人的事情 我的答案:A得分: 20.0分
以下不屬于四書的是()。
? A、《論語》 ? B、《中庸》 ? C、《尚書》
? D、《孟子》
我的答案:C得分: 20.0分
培根認(rèn)為,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)為了辯駁,為了言談與議論而讀書。()我的答案:X: 0.0分
培根認(rèn)為,讀書為學(xué)的用途是娛樂、裝飾和增長才識。()我的答案:√
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(四)已完成成績:1
因“削桐封地”而成為晉國的始祖的是()。
? A、叔虞 ? B、姬發(fā) ? C、重耳
? D、史佚
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
以下不屬于孔子主張的是()。
? A、為政以德 ? B、禮治 ? C、人性本惡
? D、有教無類
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
75.0分 3
中國古代思想流派雖然眾多,但是共同點是它們都將綱常和倫理。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
“君君,臣臣,父父,子子”出自《中庸》。()我的答案:X
《資治通鑒》的編纂者是()。
? A、司馬遷 ? B、司馬談 ? C、司馬懿
? D、司馬光
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
《資治通鑒》一書的根本目的是()。
? A、總結(jié)軍事經(jīng)驗 ? B、梳理民族關(guān)系 ? C、以史為鑒,幫助統(tǒng)治 ? D、批判歷代君王
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
《資治通鑒》的內(nèi)容以政治、軍事和民族關(guān)系為主,兼及經(jīng)濟、文化和歷史人物評價。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
《資治通鑒》是一部紀(jì)傳體通史。()我的答案:X
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(六)已完成成績: 100.0分
“學(xué)而優(yōu)則仕”成為中華民族文化傳統(tǒng)源于農(nóng)業(yè)社會的哪項基本國策?()
? A、閉關(guān)鎖國 ? B、天下大同 ? C、重農(nóng)抑末
? D、小國寡民
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
“重本抑末”中的“本”指的是什么?()
? A、手工業(yè) ? B、畜牧業(yè) ? C、商業(yè)
? D、農(nóng)業(yè)
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
商業(yè)活動本身具有強烈的社會不安定因素。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
東漢的王符強調(diào)農(nóng)業(yè)的重要性,認(rèn)為其他行業(yè)都可以忽略。()我的答案:×
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(七)已完成成績:1
提出“君子喻于義,小人喻于利”的人是()。
? A、老子 ? B、孟子 ? C、孔子
? D、墨子
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
100.0分 2
認(rèn)為“商人對于以前一切都停滯不變,可以說由于世襲而停滯不變的社會來說,是一個革命的要素”的人是()
? ? ? ? A、毛澤東 B、列寧 C、馬克思
D、恩格斯
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
中國古代的七科謫戍之法中,農(nóng)民排在第一科的位置。()我的答案:×得分: 25.0分
重土重農(nóng)思想可以達到穩(wěn)定統(tǒng)治的目的,因此在古代受到統(tǒng)治者的高度重視。()我的答案:√
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(八)已完成成績: 100.0分
漢武帝時期確立的官吏選拔制度是()。
? ? ? ? A、欽點制 B、科舉制 C、世襲制
D、察舉制
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
華佗是哪個時代的人?()
? ? ? ? A、秦朝 B、三國 C、東漢 D、西漢 我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
髡刑指的是()。
? A、剪頭發(fā) ? B、臉上刺字 ? C、割膝蓋骨
? D、剜眼
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
華佗取得了輝煌的成就,在當(dāng)時也得到了民眾與社會的尊重。()我的答案:×
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(九)已完成成績:1
中國科舉制度開始于什么時期?()
? A、三國 ? B、漢朝 ? C、隋朝
? D、唐朝
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
科舉制度在什么時候結(jié)束的?()
? A、宣統(tǒng)年間 ? B、光緒年間 ? C、嘉慶年間
? D、同治年間
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
“己所不欲,勿施于人”是哪一學(xué)派的處事原則?()
? A、道家
100.0分 ? B、墨家 ? C、法家
? D、儒家
我的答案:D得分: 25.0分
唐代科舉制中進士的考取比明經(jīng)更為容易。()我的答案:×
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(十)已完成成績:1
明清時期的鄉(xiāng)試一共考三門,其中不包括()。
? A、詩詞 ? B、四書 ? C、五經(jīng)
? D、應(yīng)用文
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
中國歷史上最后一次科舉考試是哪一年舉行的?()
? A、1899年 ? B、1900年 ? C、1901年
? D、1902年
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
鄉(xiāng)試的考場稱為“貢院”。()我的答案:√得分: 25.0分
唐宋科考與明清科考有所不同,唐宋重詩詞歌賦,明清重四書五經(jīng)。()我的答案:√
100.0分
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(十一)已完成成績: 100.0分
《中國科技發(fā)展史》的作者是哪位英國漢學(xué)家?()
? A、顧彬 ? B、宇文索安 ? C、李約瑟
? D、李陀
我的答案:C得分: 25.0分
“投之以桃,報之以李”出自()。
? A、《論語》 ? B、《詩經(jīng)》 ? C、《禮記》
? D、《大學(xué)》
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
“一人得道,雞犬升天?!痹诤艽蟪潭仁侵袊易迨街贫仍斐傻摹#ǎ┪业拇鸢福骸痰梅郑?25.0分
三國時期的《黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)》中已提出解剖學(xué)的概念。()我的答案:×
中國當(dāng)代教育問題背后的文化基因
(十二)已完成成績:1
以下哪項不屬于上層建筑?()
? A、政府部門 ? B、生產(chǎn)關(guān)系 ? C、法律制度 ? D、意識形態(tài)和思維
100.0分
我的答案:B得分: 25.0分
四大發(fā)明在以下哪個地區(qū)創(chuàng)造了最高的價值?()
? A、西方 ? B、中國 ? C、東南亞
? D、南亞
我的答案:A得分: 25.0分
“李約瑟難題”是有關(guān)中國文學(xué)的反思。()我的答案:×得分: 25.0分
一般而言,所有的制度和思想形態(tài)都可以從物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)上來解釋。()我的答案:√
第四篇:中國社會與文化答案(十)
中國社會與文化答案
(十)選擇題
1、“至哉坤元”的“至”是什么意思。
C、最偉大的2、以下對中西方戲劇說法錯誤的是?
D、戲劇是中國出現(xiàn)的最早的文字類型。
3、改革開放之初,如此多的海外華人投資大陸建設(shè),是受到了下列哪些因素的影響?
A、葉落歸根
4、改革開放的根本精神和首要經(jīng)驗是什么?
C、與時俱進
5、以下關(guān)于“社稷”的說法正確的是?
D、以上說法都正確
是非題
1、“孝”也是中國小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)孕育出來的觀念么?
是
2、葉落歸根的最核心內(nèi)涵是忠孝觀念。
是
3、中國古代的天子概念和西方的上帝概念是相對應(yīng)的。否
4、墨家的核心思想是重農(nóng)抑商。
否
5、印度人也認(rèn)為自己的發(fā)展和中國有差距,這種說法對么? 是
第五篇:英語國家社會與文化入門2名詞解釋
1.American Indians
American Indians , who were mistakenly called by Columbus, moved to the
Americas from Asia about 25 000 years ago.They developed their own aboriginal cultures and some of them such as the Aztecs, the Incas and the mayas were very advanced when Europeans arrived in the New World.But, as a result of European conquest, the Indian population was quickly reduced and their cultures were ruthlessly destroyed.2.the Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and was adopted by the Congresson July 4,1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for
their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule.The document
declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.It also explained the philosophy of governments:the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governmemts was to secure the rights mentioned above.The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.3.Ggeorge Washington
George Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic.He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States.4.Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic He was the chief author of the Declaration of Independence and the third President of the United States.5.Benjamin Franklin
Benjamin Franklin was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic.He participated in writing the Declaration of Independence and making the U.S.Constitution.6.the Articles of Confederation
After the War of Independence was won, the new nation of the United States was organized under the agreement of the Articles of Confederation with a weak national
government called the Congress.Each state had its own government, made its own laws and handle its internal affairs.The states did not cooperate with the Congress and with each other.The Congress had no power to force anystate to contribute money to the national government and the Congress could not tax any citizen either.As a ressult,the Articles of Confederation failed.7.the Bill of Rights
The Bill of Rights consssists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791.The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.8.Eli Whitney
Eli Whitney is an American inventor who invented the cotton gin, which made
removing the seeds from the bolls of cotton much easier.He also began manufacuring rifles with machinery, using interchanageable part.This contributed to the American system of mass
production.9.service industries
Service industries are industries that sell a service rather than make a product.Service industries range from banking to telecommunications to the provision of meals in restaurants.Aas more and more people are employed iin service industries in the US, it is sometimed said that the US has moved into a “post-industrial era “.10.stock
When starting or expanding business, corporations need to borrow money.They may issue stocks for people to buy.When people buy stock, they become part owner of the company.If the company makes a profit, they receive a share of it.Likewise, if the company loses money, the stockholders will not make a profit or the value of their shares will drop---they lose money.Therefore buying s tock is a risk.11.Mattin Luther Ling,Jr
Martin Luther King,Jr.,an Atlanta-born Baptist minister, was the leader of the
Southern Christian Leadership Conference during the civil rights movement of the 1960s.To promote his philosophy of nonviolent protest against segregationand other kindds of social injustice, King organized a series of “marches”.King delivered his famous “I Have a Dream” speech.Due to his strong belief in nonviolent peaceful protest, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.He was assassinated in the city of Memphis in April 1968.12.Counter Culture
In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left appeared a
phenomenon that historians called the “counter culture.” The Counter Culture rejected capitalism andd other American principles.They had morals different from those taught by their parents.Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life.The counter culture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social
mores,marriage,career,and success.13.Now:
With the publication of The Feminine Mystique in 1963,Betty Friedan became the chief spokesperson of the Women’s Liberation Movement.In her book,she compared the American family,or the American society as a whole,to a “comfortable concentration camp”,where women were discriminated against and oppressed.In 1996,she helped to found the national Organization for Women(NOW).A reform organization,NOW battle for “equal rights in parnership with men.14.white-collar crimes
White-collar crimes are those committed by higher income groups such as the
crimes of fraud,false advertising,corporate price fixing,bribery,embezzlement,industrial pollution,tax evasion and so on.Yet the statistics provided by the FBI tend to overrlook white-collar crimes.In fact,white-collarcrimes are often ignored by law enforcement agencies.Some sociologists aargue that the higher classes may actually have a higher rate of crime than the lower classes.15.the abuse of power by government
People believe that public organizations in the United States sometimes work in concert to advance their own interests rather than those of the people.Government in America is widely distrusted for the lack of answerability.Americans were convinced that the Johnson and Nixon administrations were deliberately and systematically lying to the people in the war against Vietnam and in the Watergate scandal.The FBI and the CIA are responsible for thousands of illegal acts.All these acts show the abuse of power by government.16.Richard Nixon
Richard Buxib was the former President of the United states… Iin the early 1970s, he was involved in the Watergate scandal, for which he was forced to resign from the presidency.17.the Prairies
The prairie provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba lie east of the Rockies.The prairies are flat and featureless and have a harsh continental climate.They are called the breadbasket of Canada becaussse the land is well-suited to farming, and wheat is one of the biggest agricultural crops in this area.The praairies are also rich in energy resources.18.central Canada
Central Canada, Ontario and Quebec, are the parts of the country that were first settled.They are the industrial heartland of the country and are also the most densely populated provincees.They have the largest cities like Toronto and Montreal.19.The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
The canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which was introduced in 1982, expressed the idea thaat any ethnic, racial and religious groups which wanted to retain their cultural identity would be supported by the federal government.This promise was further strengthened and explained in the 1988 Multiculturalism Act.20.Structures of governmeent
Canada’s systerm of government is based on the British system of parliamentary democracy.Like Britain,Canada is a monarchy.The official head of state is the Queen, but she is represented by an official called a Governor General as she doesn’t live in Canada.Canada is a federation with ten provinces and two territories.The government of the country is referred to as “the federal government”,to distinguish it from the lower level government of each province.21.Immigration Act 1976
The Immigration Act 1976 encouraged Asian immigration, offering passports to those with capital and entrepreneurial skills.Would-be immigrants with more than $250 000(Cdn)to invest in businesses that will create jobs and wealth wer welcomed to settle in Canada.This created a new category of ”entrepreneurial immigrants”.22.The Canadian Mosaic
Canada is a nation of immigrants.When Canada is described as a mosaic, it
meaans that each if the immigrant groups do not have to throw off their oldd customs, languages and traditions, because there is no particular concept of an overarching
Canadian identity..This resembles a mosaic of different cultures which overlap but do not overwhelm each other.23.“the First Nnations”
The First Nations are the native tribes of aboriginal people who lived in Canada before the European explorers settled.They were officially referred to as “the First
Nations”because they are the original inhabitants of the country, and because there is not one single group or culture----there are many”nations”,or tribes, which have different languages,customs and beliefs.24.migrant workers
Many big farms hire temporary workers only for a specific chore---such as picking crops.Many of these seasonal workers travel from farm to farm,staying only until the cropss are picked…They are known as migrant workers.25.Samuel Slater
In 1793,Samuel Slater built the first factory in the United States---a cotton cloth factory in Pawtuckket,Rhode Island.He built the factory from memory, because it was a crime to carry factory plant out of England.The success of his factory started a process of
change that turned the northeastern region of the United States into an important manufacturing center and helped the nation become a major cotton producer.