第一篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程教案

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程教案

學(xué) 院： 外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院

學(xué) 期： 2008-2009學(xué)年第一學(xué)期

學(xué) 時(shí) 18 教 材 《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)口語(yǔ)教程第一冊(cè)》

（Let’s Talk Book 1）

授課教師 大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)精品課程組

授課對(duì)象 2008級(jí)普本

上課地點(diǎn) 南、北校區(qū)、學(xué)院路校區(qū)

上課時(shí)間 周一至周五

授課題目（Teaching Title）：

Unit 12 Foreign Customs

授課類(lèi)型(Class Type)：

Lecturing and practice

授課課時(shí)安排（Teaching Periods）： periods

本授課單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)(Teaching Objectives)：

In this unit students are required to:

1.master the basic vocabulary related to Western wedding.2.learn to describe the different manners between Chinese and Western customs.3.learn the proper way to behave in Western society.本授課單元教學(xué)重點(diǎn)(Main Points of Teaching)：

1.Instruct Students to speak and behave properly in western society concerning some important events.2.Analyze the different manners between Chinese and Western countries.本授課單元教學(xué)難點(diǎn)(Difficult Points of Teaching)：

Instruct the students to use cultural-related words to describe and compare the proper manners in Chinese and western events.教學(xué)手段(Teaching Aids)

Multimedia(audios, videos, pictures, texts), blackboard.本授課單元教學(xué)步驟及時(shí)間分配(Teaching Procedures and Time Allotment)：

1.Warming-up Activities(about 15 minutes)

1.1 Role play: A Typical Western Wedding(about 10 minutes)

Student are assigned the task in the previous class.They are asked to perform a typical western wedding.Useful materials and information should be collected before the class.(about 10 minutes)

1.2 Wedding-related Vocabulary and Oath of Wedding:(about 5 minutes)

After the role play, the wedding-related vocabulary and Oath of Wedding should be introduced to all the students:

Wedding-related Vocabulary

Bride bridegroom bridesmaid groomsman Pastor ring oath church

Oath of Wedding

Pastor:

Dearly beloved, we are gathered together here in the sight of God and in the face of this congregation to join together this man and this woman in holy matrimony, which is an honorable estate, instituted in the time of man’s innocence.If any man can show any just cause or impediment why they may not be lawful joined together, why they may not be lawfully joined together, let him speak now or for ever hold his peace.Do you promise to love her, comfort her, honor and keep her, in sickness an health and forsaking all others, keep thee only unto her for as long as you both shall live.Bride and Bridegroom: Yes, I do.2.In-class Activities

2.1 Individual Work(about 8 minutes)

.1.1 Comparison: Differences between a typical western wedding and a traditional Chinese wedding.Students are required to compare the weddings and make a discussion on their differences.Sample for reference:

Chinese Wedding:

? Color of wedding dress: White

? Location of wedding celebration: Lobby of home

? Wedding process: presided by the master of ceremony ? Others: fire cracks, character of double happiness ?

Western Wedding

? Color of wedding dress: White

? Location of wedding celebration: Church ? Wedding process: presided by pastor

? Others: ring, flower, cake, bridesmaid, groomsman

2.1.2 Video Clip:(about 15 minutes)

Watch the video.What mistakes do the man made in the dinner party?

Students are required to watch a 5-minutes short video about culture conflict and to find out the wrong thing the man did in the dinner party.Proper answer:

a.Greet people in his own way

b.Talk to the people not besides him

c.Take retire as retard and keep talking about it d.Compliment the lady with improper word

e.Perform extremely stupid in using restroom.f.Bring his friend without being permitted

2.1.3 Listening Practice(about 7 minutes)

2.2 Pair Work(about 10 minutes)2.2.1 Discussion in pairs

Western Manners: Discuss with your partner what we should pay attention to in the western countries according to the following situations: having dinner, greeting, visiting others home Samples for reference:

Having dinner: knife and fork;you have your own plate of food;Eat up all the;food on your plate;Do not put food on the plate of your guests with your own fork;Go Dutch;tips

Greeting: The simplest thing to say is “Good morning,” “Good afternoon'” or “good evening.” This greeting is given to one whom you know only slightly, or to any one you are passing quickly.“How are you” is usually used when you are not in such a hurry.No answer is expected other than “ Fine, thank you.” "hello' is the commonest form of greeting between good friends.Visiting other’s home: When invited to luncheon, dinner, or supper, it is very impolite to arrive late, as it is usually planned to have the meal at the exact hour given in the invitation.After the meal is over it is not polite to leave for at least half an hour, lest you seem to have come only for the meal.An evening dinner invitation usually implies that you stay for the whole evening.2.2.2 Dialogue Practice(about 15 minutes)

Imagine a visitor from the United States is coming to China.Give advice on these topics:

Driving a car, giving gifts, traveling by bus or subway, eating in a restaurant respecting older people, using business cards, eating on the street, standing in line, using the telephone

Sample:

A.I will go to China next week.B.Really? How long will you stay there?

A.For several months.So would you please tell me some thing that I should pay attention to during my stay in China?

B.Of course.First, you should get accustomed to the Chinese traffic.In the street, there are a lot of transportation tools.Bus, cars, motorcycle, bicycle.A.Well, do it mean a busy traffic?

B.Yeah.In fact, the problem traffic jam is extremely serious in China.A.Oh, I see.Anything else? I’ve heard that Chinese eating manner is greatly different with our US.Is that true.B.Well, nowadays there are a lot of western restaurants in China.But Chinese has their own dinning customs.For example, in a typical Chinese dinner, each dish is shared.Chopsticks are used instead of knife and fork.One person would like to pay the bill as his treat.A.Well, it seems that there are so many differences between the two countries.B.Take it easy.Chinese people are hospitable.You are surely to have good time there.2.3 Group Work(about 20 minutes)

Debate: Should Chinese celebrate Western Holidays?

Each group presents their own ideas on the topic first.Then a free debate will be directed among students.Sample:

We should celebrate western holidays

I think we should celebrate western holiday.First, it's a good way for globalization, and we can know more about the culture in other country.Secondly, foreigners will also have a chance to know more about the Chinese culture.Thus, we could avoid some cultural misunderstandings.First，I do not think it is a bad things ,and the holiday is a good thing ,many people could celebrate not only the Chinese people but also the American, and so on.Second, many people go aboard every year, and they should adjust themselves to the aboard environment，so the must to celebrate the holiday，so I think we should celebrate it，and other people that come from union.We should not celebrate western holidays

To begin with, there are so many meaningful traditional festivals in China, from which people could have a rest and get relax.In the festival, without the burden of work, people call on relatives, visit their respected teachers, and chat with their best friends.Though the temperature is very could in that time, the atmosphere among people is very warm and happy.Besides, there are other meaningful and instructive festivals in China, such as Autumn Day, National Day, Pure Bright Festival, etc.Furthermore, western festivals have the cultural and historical origins in the western countries, which are not known and comprehended by Chinese people.There are so many western festivals, which are originated from or related with Christian or Catholicism which are not believed in by the majority of Chinese people.We could not gain the happy feeling since we could not understand these holidays’ meanings.Finally, there are negative aspects on unhealthy people in the western festivals which should not be celebrated by us.All Saints Day is a very thrilling festival, in which people put the horrible or sinister mask upon their faces.Though these kinds of actions help people to boost their courage, it is dangerous to the unhealthy people or ill people with heart diseases or cerebrovascular diseases.4.Assignments

Get prepared for Unit 16 The future

Prepare a presentation: What I would be like in ten years.Task description:

A group consisting of 4—5 students will give the presentation.The main content should mainly about one’s future life ten years later, for example, career, marriage, children.本單元參考資料：

1.《新時(shí)代交互英語(yǔ)》視聽(tīng)說(shuō)第一冊(cè)，趙勇主編，清華大學(xué)出版社，2004。2.《英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教程》初級(jí)，吳禎福主編，北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)出版，1993。3.《英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教程》第一冊(cè)，姚?；壑骶?高等教育出版社，1998。

4.《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教程》第一冊(cè)，梅德明主編，上海譯文出版社，2001。

5．《新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)視聽(tīng)說(shuō)教程》第一冊(cè)，鄭樹(shù)棠主編，外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，2004。

6.http://004km.cn/publish/portal0/ 7.http://ts.hjenglish.com/

8http://004km.cn/article.php?articleid=81 9.http://004km.cn/

第二篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程介紹

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程介紹

課程背景：

為進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)我國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)，適應(yīng)國(guó)家改革開(kāi)放的需要，使大學(xué)生更加重視英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，獲得更強(qiáng)的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)交際能力。

課程概況：

通過(guò)該課程的學(xué)習(xí)，使學(xué)生通過(guò)形式多樣的語(yǔ)言技能訓(xùn)練，能就日常生活中常用的話(huà)題用比較簡(jiǎn)單的英語(yǔ)準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的思想。以達(dá)到在具體的社會(huì)語(yǔ)境中得體地使用語(yǔ)言的目的。并通過(guò)法律環(huán)境下的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)來(lái)提高用英語(yǔ)從事涉外業(yè)務(wù)的水平，內(nèi)容包括公共道德、人際關(guān)系、生活習(xí)慣、校園生活、旅游觀光、環(huán)保購(gòu)物、留學(xué)求職等。另根據(jù)學(xué)生的專(zhuān)業(yè)、興趣和未來(lái)職業(yè)需求，增加外交禮儀，運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)處理涉外警務(wù)活動(dòng)等內(nèi)容。

課程性質(zhì)與任務(wù)：

本課程為一門(mén)重要的必修的基礎(chǔ)技能課程，主要通過(guò)課堂口語(yǔ)實(shí)踐，充分喚起學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣。使學(xué)生通過(guò)吸收豐富的預(yù)料，快速提高聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力，深入了解各國(guó)文化和社會(huì)知識(shí)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行思考，有效培養(yǎng)他們的英語(yǔ)交際能力。

教師要根據(jù)我校應(yīng)用型人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)，對(duì)課程進(jìn)行認(rèn)真研究、深入挖掘。結(jié)合課程特點(diǎn)、教學(xué)內(nèi)容和當(dāng)前形勢(shì)及現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行人生觀、世界觀、價(jià)值觀和思想道德品質(zhì)教育，努力使學(xué)生在獲得知識(shí)的同時(shí)學(xué)會(huì)做人的道理。

課程的目的與基本要求：

本課程的教學(xué)目的是通過(guò)大量的口語(yǔ)練習(xí)和實(shí)踐，逐步培養(yǎng)和提高學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)進(jìn)行口頭交際的能力。同時(shí)幫助學(xué)生了解主要英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的文化和生活習(xí)俗。通過(guò)本課程的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生應(yīng)能就日常生活中的一般情景進(jìn)行恰當(dāng)?shù)慕徽?，能就社?huì)生活中的一般性話(huà)題進(jìn)行連貫的發(fā)言，能比較準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的思想，做到語(yǔ)音準(zhǔn)確、語(yǔ)調(diào)自然、語(yǔ)法基本正確，語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用基本得體。將語(yǔ)言技能、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、文化意識(shí)等要素有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來(lái)，相互促進(jìn)、循序漸進(jìn)，幫助學(xué)生最終實(shí)現(xiàn)交際的目的。

本課程要求學(xué)生能夠運(yùn)用已掌握的詞匯、句型和常用表達(dá)法，結(jié)合個(gè)人實(shí)際，較為流暢地就一些常見(jiàn)話(huà)題發(fā)表個(gè)人見(jiàn)解。大多數(shù)學(xué)生應(yīng)能通過(guò)本門(mén)課程的學(xué)習(xí)具備用英語(yǔ)介紹信息、發(fā)表意見(jiàn)等基本交際能力。與此同時(shí)，本課程還將進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性和表達(dá)多樣性，使他們逐步脫離母語(yǔ)的負(fù)面影響。

第三篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)

我認(rèn)為理想的生活應(yīng)該是快樂(lè)而且衣食無(wú)憂(yōu)，每天都過(guò)得充實(shí)而且快樂(lè)，不用擔(dān)心衣食住行，能夠做自己想做的事和喜歡做的事，創(chuàng)造屬于自己的人生價(jià)值。

I think the ideal life should be happy and comfortable, had a full and happy every day, don't have to worry about food and clothing live line, to do what you want to do and do, create their own value of life.例如，可以抽出時(shí)間看自己想看的書(shū)，見(jiàn)自己相見(jiàn)的人和去自己想去的地方。

For example, you can take time out to see oneself want to see of book, saw that they meet each other and to the places they want to go.工作對(duì)于一個(gè)人非常重要，因?yàn)楣ぷ魇且粋€(gè)人實(shí)現(xiàn)價(jià)值和滿(mǎn)足基本需求的需要。

Work is important for a person, because the work is a person value and meet the needs of the basic requirements.對(duì)于處理工作與休閑的關(guān)系，我認(rèn)為工作時(shí)應(yīng)該認(rèn)真工作，提高工作效率，休閑時(shí)應(yīng)該盡情享受，體驗(yàn)生活的樂(lè)趣。

To deal with the relationship between work and leisure, I think work should work in earnest, improve work efficiency, should enjoy leisure, experience the fun of life.白領(lǐng)應(yīng)該是受過(guò)高等教育，工作能力強(qiáng)，衣食無(wú)憂(yōu)的人，不喜歡，因?yàn)榘最I(lǐng)的生活方式不健康，比如：吃飯很快，不吃早餐，過(guò)度飲用咖啡

White-collar workers should be trained in higher education, work ability, desultory person, don't like it, because of the white-collar lifestyle is not healthy, such as: eat quickly, don't eat breakfast, excessive drinking coffee

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)

1.What is addiction? What are the things people can easily get addicted to? An addiction is the condition of being dependent on a drug, or the crave 渴望，乞求

to do something because one cannot stop doing it.One can be addicted to cigarette smoking, drugs and the Internet.2.Why do you think some people, especially young people, take drugs? Some people take drugs to feel good.Others take drugs to temporarily forget their problems.And still some others take drugs to reduce stress.Young people may try drugs out of curiosity, or may be tempted to take drugs because of peer pressure.3.Why is drug abuse such a threat to our society?What can we do to prevent or reduce drug abuse? Drug abuse harms not just the abusers, but also their loved ones, their family and society at large.A drug addict will resort to crime and violence or any means to get money to buy drugs.The behavior will be a threat to our society.Punishment alone is not an effective way to help drug users quit drugs or stop drug users from committing crimes.In order to prevent drug abuse, we can launch drug education programs to teach young people about the risks involved, toughen laws to prevent drug offenses, and make greater efforts to crack down on drug trafficking 交通來(lái)往.毒品交易

1.What do you think are the causes of war? War breaks out because of religious conflicts,economic disputes.Throughout the history, most wars have been waged to protect the economic interests of superpower.2.Consequences(結(jié)果，推論)of War/What damage does war do to mankind? War is a human tragedy.Millions of people die and families fall apart as a result of war.For example, in peace-time sons bury fathers, but war violates the order of nature and fathers bury sons.On the other hand, war is costly in money, resources and human lives.What is worse, disputes often persist after wars.3.What is your favorite book or movie about war?How dose it affect you and your attitude toward war? My favorite movie about war is赤壁,from the movie I know that if a country is attacked,it has the right to fight.What’s more,to prepare for war is one of the best ways to preserve peace.1.What does aging mean?How old are people considered elderly? Aging is the natural process of growing old.It refers to a decline in all areas of a person’s mental and physical abilities.People over 65 years old are generally considered elderly or senior citizens.2.How should we treat old people? Old people are an asset of society.They are more experienced and responsible.But Old age is often accompanied by various kinds of illnesses such as heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, etc.A typical sign of aging is forgetful-ness.So We should treat old people with respect, affection, patience, and kindness , take good care of them, especially when they are sick.3.What problems may people have as they grow old? Many elderly people suffer from varying degrees of memory loss.A typical sign of aging is forgetfulness, decline in vision and hearing and weakening of muscle strength.1.Why do some young people pick up smoking? Some young people may have picked up smoking out of curiosity.And some young people may have picked up smoking because they thought it was cool.2.How harmful is smoking to smokers? Smoking is harmful to one’s health.For example,smoking is known as a fatal cause of lung cancer.Smoking is also found to be related to other types of cancer.3.In what places has smoking already been banned? Are you in favor of this policy or not? Why? I think all public places should at least partially ban smoking.Besides,all public places should create a smoke-free area for non-smokers.4.What troubles can a smoker have if he works in a non-smoking environment? Once you become addicted to smoking, it will be hard to quit the habit.Whether a smoker can give up smoking or not depends on his will, his determination and the support of his friends and family.5.Is smoking also harmful to nonsmokers? In what way? Smoking is dangerous not only to the smokers themselves but also to the nonsmokers around them.Passive smoking can also cause lung cancer.1.What is the general attitude toward wealth in our society? Modern life is built around money.Money, whatever form it takes, is essential for buying goods and services.In a commercialized society, money ranks very high in people's value system.2.Do you think money can bring happiness? Why or why not? Money does not necessarily bring us happiness.It brings you medicine, but not health.Happiness does not depend on the amount of money you have.A happy man is one who is content, whether he is rich or poor.3.How is life different for the rich as compared with the not-so-rich? For the rich,good education,travel,luxury and security are all readily available.While the poor attain these with great difficulty,if at all.4.Do you think wealth is a source of happiness or a source of problem.For me,wealth is a source of happuness.As is known to all,modern life is built around money.Whatever form it takes, is essential for buying goods and services.1.What is memory? Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use.2.What techniques do you use to help you remember things? Whether you can remember things well or not depends on the way you try to remember them.Don't try to memorize all the facts, but focus your attention on what you consider more important.It is impossible to concentrate if you are tense or nervous.Try to relax and you'll remember things.3.How can we improve our memory?

Memory is like a muscle---the more it is used, the better it gets.So if we want to improve our memory,try to use our memory to the utmost.Learning new skills could stimulate our brain.1.What is the purpose of an oral presentation?

Our performance in oral presentations will form an important part of the overall assessment of our work.We are often expected to give oral presentations to our classmates and teachers.2.How can we make our presentations more effective?

In giving an oral presentation, we should not only organize information and ideas coherently but also deliver the speech in a clear and vivid way.Using charts, photos and computer graphics can help us to get our message across.3.What is OHP and what are its functions?

The OHP is a device which projects enlarged images from transparencies onto a screen or a white wall.Using an overhead projector enables the audience to see the charts, diagrams and photos clearly.Using an overhead projector enables the audience to follow a presentation more easily.1)In what sense do you think we can regard the world we live in as One World? The world in which we live gives birth to the human race and nurtures the human race.Besides,Contacts between cultures promote understanding among peoples of the world.What’s more,With the rapid development of transportation means and the information technology the world is getting smaller and smaller.So we can say that........2)Do you think people in the world are largely similar? Why or why not? All human beings have the need to eat, to have shelter, and to work.They also need to love others and be loved.We, people of the world, are one big family, for together we exist, and together we try to make the world better for all.Although people in different countries have different traditions, they all seem to celebrate certain days such as New Year’s Day, Mother’s Day, Children’s Day, etc.3)What are the traditions of birthday celebrations in some Western countries? How do they differ from the Chinese ones? Cakes, lights, and candles are often associated with the celebration of a person’s birthday in many Western countries.In China, special noodles are served for lunch in honor of the birthday person.The noodles are extra long to symbolize longevity or a long life.1.What do cultural differences mean? People from different countries speak different languages, keep different value systems, and have different ways of looking at things.These differences are generally called cultural differences.3.What problems may be caused by our failure to recognize cultural differences? Failure to recognize cultural differences may cause many problems.On the one hand, those who are uninformed about cultural differences may have difficulty communicating with their business associates from other cultures.On the other hand, inability to recognize cultural differences can make mutual understanding difficult.A certain amount of small talk about the weather, family, and personal hobbies is expected before getting down to business with your foreign associates.4.How can we deal with cultural differences? There are many ways to deal with cultural differences.For example,we can avoid unintentionally offending others by learning the basic characteristics of other cultures.For instance, we may ask our foreign friends about their everyday customs or take time to explain certain common customs of our own culture to them.1.What kind of friends do you think are true/good friends? A good friend is a real friend, and a real friend is a friend for life.A friend is, as it were, a second self.First, a friend is one whom you can count on, trust and talk to.Second, a friend is someone who will listen to you when you talk about your problems or before whom you may think aloud.What is more, a friend is a person who will help you if you are in trouble.Just as the saying goes: A friend in need is a friend indeed.2.How do you make friends? We should make friends with those who are kind-hearted, compassionate, caring, honest and thoughtful, because they are sincere and reliable.So don’t try to win a friend with gifts only.The only way to have a friend is to be one.3.What is true friendship? Friendship involves affection and intimacy.Friendship is based on warmth, trust and shared experience.True friendship is a plant of slow growth, the value of which can stand the test of time.True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.4.How valuable is friendship in a person’s life? Life without friends is like life on a desert island, and life without friendship is not worth living.Sharing joy and sorrow is the way to show your deep friendship.If you tell your joy to your friend, your joy will double.And if you pour your sorrow to your friend, your sorrow will be reduced by half.5.How can we keep friendship alive? Sharing your joy and sorrow with your friends can nurture friendship and keep friendship alive;keeping your friends informed about yourself can improve friendship, and make friendship permanent;remembering important days in your friends’ lives can promote friendship and keep friendship fresh in our minds.

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程實(shí)踐與教學(xué)方法探究

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程實(shí)踐與教學(xué)方法探究

[摘要]在英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)、譯五大能力的培養(yǎng)中，口語(yǔ)交際能力的重要性被普遍關(guān)注，這是社會(huì)對(duì)于人才需求的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。因此，高校廣大師生應(yīng)高度重視口語(yǔ)交際能力的培養(yǎng)與訓(xùn)練?？谡Z(yǔ)是學(xué)生利用語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行交流的基礎(chǔ)，也是衡量他們將來(lái)能否勝任工作崗位的重要指標(biāo)。遵循高職教育適合社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要，結(jié)合我國(guó)高職英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教育發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀，筆者對(duì)高職院校英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教學(xué)方法進(jìn)行了深入的探討。

[關(guān)鍵詞]高職教育；口語(yǔ)課堂實(shí)踐；教學(xué)方法

教育部在大學(xué)英語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)大綱【修訂本】中明確要求高校學(xué)生能熟練掌握口語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)內(nèi)容并能對(duì)適當(dāng)?shù)目荚嚶?tīng)力材料進(jìn)行回答和復(fù)述，能用口語(yǔ)進(jìn)行一般的日常會(huì)話(huà)，能就所熟悉的話(huà)題經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備后做簡(jiǎn)短發(fā)言，且表達(dá)思想比較清楚，語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)基本正確。

基于上述要求，大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師如何在口語(yǔ)課堂發(fā)揮其主導(dǎo)作用，充分利用多媒體及網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)改革口語(yǔ)課程教學(xué)模式，幫助學(xué)生提高實(shí)際口語(yǔ)交際能力，值得我們共同研究和探討。

一、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教學(xué)模式現(xiàn)狀分析

（一）只注重筆頭功夫，忽視了口頭表達(dá)

高職學(xué)生在經(jīng)過(guò)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)十余年的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)后，仍有相當(dāng)大數(shù)量的學(xué)生只注重筆頭功夫，而忽視了口頭表達(dá)，甚至很難做到基本的口語(yǔ)交際，學(xué)生只是被動(dòng)地聽(tīng)課和做筆記，進(jìn)行口語(yǔ)訓(xùn)練的機(jī)會(huì)較少或根本沒(méi)有。

（二）受畏懼心理心理因素的影響，不敢開(kāi)口講英語(yǔ)

傳統(tǒng)口語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，由于知識(shí)密度大，而教師又需要在有限的時(shí)間及有限的課程內(nèi)完成相當(dāng)大量知識(shí)的傳授，而且，受師資資源不足的影響，部分院校的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課程根本無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)小班授課，這樣就造成教師不能兼顧到每一位學(xué)生甚至大部分學(xué)生的練習(xí)，這部分學(xué)生掌握較差，容易產(chǎn)生畏懼心理，甚至不敢開(kāi)口講英語(yǔ)。

（三）學(xué)生水平參差不齊，教學(xué)效果無(wú)法提升

進(jìn)入高校學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生來(lái)自祖國(guó)各地，受地域及區(qū)域教育資源分配不均的影響，其英語(yǔ)水平也大相徑庭，而教師也只能無(wú)奈地采取依照大多數(shù)同學(xué)的程度來(lái)開(kāi)展教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)課堂教學(xué)模式，這就導(dǎo)致教師無(wú)法因材施教，教學(xué)效果也無(wú)法得到改善。

（四）教學(xué)手段陳舊，教師素質(zhì)有待進(jìn)一步提升

計(jì)算機(jī)多媒體輔助語(yǔ)言教學(xué)已經(jīng)不斷深入到大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，尤其是口語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，但是許多教師知識(shí)單純地將多媒體設(shè)備運(yùn)用到課程教學(xué)中，完成教材中要求的聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀等任務(wù)，并沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的人機(jī)交互式運(yùn)作，創(chuàng)造性地設(shè)計(jì)一些語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練任務(wù)與學(xué)生分享和溝通，也沒(méi)有積極地利用計(jì)算機(jī)和多媒體的一些先進(jìn)技術(shù)軟件和程序制作出符合學(xué)生實(shí)際的教學(xué)課件，只是單一地使用配套教材中的課件，不具實(shí)效性。

口語(yǔ)教學(xué)不僅要求教師具備過(guò)硬的專(zhuān)業(yè)理論知識(shí)、流利的口語(yǔ)交際能力，還要有創(chuàng)造性的教學(xué)技能和操作多媒體設(shè)備、制作符合自己學(xué)生學(xué)情的教學(xué)課件的工作能力。

二、大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教學(xué)模式突破

（一）多背誦、多復(fù)述

俗話(huà)說(shuō)：“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)作詩(shī)也會(huì)吟?！睂W(xué)生首先應(yīng)該對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言有一個(gè)足夠量的儲(chǔ)備，只有廣泛地閱讀文章，深入地接觸口語(yǔ)交際環(huán)境，真切地聆聽(tīng)情景交際語(yǔ)言，并通過(guò)聽(tīng)覺(jué)或視覺(jué)感知語(yǔ)言材料，理解語(yǔ)言信息，才能在無(wú)形中將所聽(tīng)到和看到的大量語(yǔ)言信息輸送并存儲(chǔ)于大腦。語(yǔ)言輸入是語(yǔ)言輸出和完成交際的必備條件，增加語(yǔ)言的輸入與儲(chǔ)備是增強(qiáng)口語(yǔ)交際能力的前提，口語(yǔ)交際能力的目的就是要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在特定的環(huán)境下清晰、流利地與說(shuō)話(huà)對(duì)象進(jìn)行自由交談。因此，多背誦，多復(fù)述是口語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)的必備項(xiàng)目。復(fù)述的形式多種多樣，教師可以結(jié)合實(shí)際有選擇性的選取不同形式進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。比如，簡(jiǎn)述、詳述、概述、論述等等。實(shí)踐證明，背誦和復(fù)述訓(xùn)練能夠使學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用過(guò)程中更加熟練，也能夠很好地激發(fā)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)用思維能力，是一種有效可行的口語(yǔ)實(shí)踐方法。

（二）多討論、多會(huì)話(huà)

為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生主動(dòng)用英語(yǔ)思維的好習(xí)慣，并結(jié)合高職大學(xué)生年齡層次的特點(diǎn)，教師可以不定期在口語(yǔ)課堂上就當(dāng)下社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)話(huà)題或某些社會(huì)現(xiàn)象讓學(xué)生展開(kāi)討論。討論活動(dòng)由教師提前設(shè)定好程序和措施，這種口語(yǔ)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)形式靈活，在話(huà)題討論時(shí)，為了讓學(xué)生感到更放松、自信，可以安排他們圍坐在一起，這樣，每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)大膽主動(dòng)發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，更有利于學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)直接理解、判斷和表達(dá)的習(xí)慣。可以是小組結(jié)合，也可以個(gè)人獨(dú)自發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，總之，盡量使每個(gè)學(xué)生都得到課堂練習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。小組討論的訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)主要是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生連貫說(shuō)話(huà)的能力，并為他們自由運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言以及創(chuàng)造性使用語(yǔ)言打下基礎(chǔ)。

開(kāi)展個(gè)人及多人討論活動(dòng)的本質(zhì)特征之一就是語(yǔ)言的交互性，這種活動(dòng)是使學(xué)生能夠相互進(jìn)行精確、流暢而又合適的交流的一種口語(yǔ)實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。當(dāng)然，教師要及時(shí)給予指導(dǎo)，還可提供與話(huà)題有關(guān)的詞匯或短語(yǔ)，讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)地道的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)，培養(yǎng)他們積極、主動(dòng)地用英語(yǔ)思維的好習(xí)慣。課堂上不斷地進(jìn)行大量討論，將會(huì)有效地提升學(xué)生的?Z言交際能力。

（三）多參與、多實(shí)踐

1.Warm―up熱身環(huán)節(jié)中，為了使每個(gè)學(xué)生都能夠快速進(jìn)入狀態(tài)，產(chǎn)生口語(yǔ)表達(dá)熱情，教師可以在每一節(jié)課前讓學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備一些簡(jiǎn)短的小節(jié)目，比如，講英文小故事，場(chǎng)英文歌曲，單詞接龍游戲，電影角色配音等等，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)時(shí)間不長(zhǎng)，難度不高，很能調(diào)動(dòng)全體學(xué)生的參與積極性。

2.Lead―in導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)中，教師可以利用圖片、歌曲、視頻等資源對(duì)所講授的主題、內(nèi)容、進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要介紹和導(dǎo)入，以便使學(xué)生對(duì)課程主題有相應(yīng)的認(rèn)識(shí)，同時(shí)，也順理成章地進(jìn)入重點(diǎn)的學(xué)習(xí)。有條件的話(huà)，可以提前讓學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備一些與下一次課程相關(guān)的信息并在課堂上與其他同學(xué)和教師分享，這也充分地使學(xué)生的課堂主體地位得到了體現(xiàn)。

3.Practice實(shí)踐環(huán)節(jié)是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課的最重要部分，教師可通過(guò)此環(huán)節(jié)檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生個(gè)人的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)情況，也可把學(xué)生分成若干小組進(jìn)行角色扮演，看圖說(shuō)話(huà)并討論等實(shí)踐練習(xí)，以此來(lái)鍛煉他們的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。在此環(huán)節(jié)中，作為教師，應(yīng)該盡量的鼓勵(lì)、激發(fā)學(xué)生參與的熱情增強(qiáng)他們的動(dòng)力，以達(dá)到良好的課堂練習(xí)效果。

4.Evaluation點(diǎn)評(píng)環(huán)節(jié)是師生互動(dòng)的重要基礎(chǔ)，也是活躍課堂氣氛的良好保證。學(xué)生發(fā)言或表演完成后，教師應(yīng)及時(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行有針對(duì)性、全面地點(diǎn)評(píng)，多用鼓勵(lì)性和建議性的言語(yǔ)。也可以嘗試讓其他同學(xué)參與到點(diǎn)評(píng)環(huán)節(jié)中來(lái)，這樣一方面會(huì)更突出學(xué)生的主體地位，也極大地增強(qiáng)了每一位學(xué)生參與的積極性。

5.After―school assignment口語(yǔ)作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)中，尤其要注重作業(yè)的時(shí)效性，口語(yǔ)作業(yè)多為口頭作業(yè)，比如模擬課文情景對(duì)話(huà)、主題演講、英文歌曲學(xué)唱、復(fù)述課文、講演英文故事等等，作業(yè)形式較其他而言靈活多樣，但是需要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，教師要加大課下作業(yè)的檢查力度，以確保循序漸進(jìn)，課堂內(nèi)容有條不紊地進(jìn)行。

（四）多嘗試、多評(píng)估

英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課堂是實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)的課堂，從某種意義上講，它類(lèi)似于一場(chǎng)表演，其中，教師是導(dǎo)演，學(xué)生是演員，教材是劇本，教學(xué)活動(dòng)則是一場(chǎng)場(chǎng)演出，首先，導(dǎo)演應(yīng)該充分拿捏劇本，把握得當(dāng)，否則，指導(dǎo)必然有誤；演員若表演失利，則演出失敗，由此看出，學(xué)生是口語(yǔ)教學(xué)活動(dòng)成敗的關(guān)鍵角色。

基于這個(gè)因素，首先應(yīng)該確立學(xué)生在語(yǔ)言課堂的主體地位，教師只是課堂的主導(dǎo)，起到指揮指導(dǎo)作用，教師與學(xué)生的角色有了顯著變化后，更有利于口語(yǔ)課堂多元化教學(xué)模式的開(kāi)展。如同演員應(yīng)該多嘗試不同形式的演出一樣，學(xué)生也應(yīng)該在教師的指導(dǎo)下多嘗試各種教學(xué)活動(dòng)和設(shè)計(jì)。

1.Tongue―twisters Competition繞口令口語(yǔ)練習(xí)

繞口令練習(xí)是英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課堂活動(dòng)中的必備項(xiàng)。英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)練習(xí)中，語(yǔ)音學(xué)習(xí)尤為重要，它是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)，而繞口令練習(xí)恰恰適用于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音練習(xí)，并能最大限度地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性，激發(fā)學(xué)生練習(xí)口語(yǔ)的興趣，不僅如此，繞口令練習(xí)還能幫助學(xué)生掌握一些較難語(yǔ)音的發(fā)音技巧。

教師可以定期開(kāi)展繞口令練習(xí)活動(dòng)，并對(duì)學(xué)生們的表現(xiàn)給予及時(shí)評(píng)價(jià)和確切指導(dǎo)。

2.Singing English Songs學(xué)唱英文歌曲

用英文歌曲來(lái)幫助語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)，能在很大程度上有效地促進(jìn)口語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)效率。英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間跨度較長(zhǎng)，涉及范圍較廣，對(duì)于學(xué)生們來(lái)說(shuō)是一場(chǎng)艱難的“戰(zhàn)斗”，在這樣的環(huán)境中，英文歌曲恰恰是良好的調(diào)節(jié)劑，朗朗上口的音樂(lè)及唱詞會(huì)使學(xué)生們的口語(yǔ)練習(xí)更有趣，更高效，同時(shí)，也無(wú)形中陶冶了學(xué)生們的情操，使其口語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)更輕松，更有文化韻味。

3.Speech Contest演講比賽

一般來(lái)講，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)氛圍可以分為正式和非正式兩種，區(qū)別于即席講話(huà)，邊說(shuō)邊思考的非正式語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，英語(yǔ)演講比賽則是一種正式語(yǔ)言練習(xí)場(chǎng)和，通常地，比賽要求選手賽前充分準(zhǔn)備，嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真，語(yǔ)言精練，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，表達(dá)流利。英語(yǔ)演講比賽是提高學(xué)生們的口語(yǔ)水平的絕佳途徑，也是教師口語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)效果的有力體現(xiàn)。

4.Debating辯論

對(duì)于英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)課堂而言，辯論活動(dòng)必不可少，這種正式、嚴(yán)肅的教學(xué)活動(dòng)有利于營(yíng)造競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、積極、平等的課堂氛圍，能從很大程度上調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性和參與欲望，最大程度地提升了學(xué)生的主體地位。

另外，辯論活動(dòng)形式靈活，組織起來(lái)也較為方便，教師可以在課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)開(kāi)始之前，給學(xué)生一到兩天的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，然后在課堂活動(dòng)中，合理安排參與辯論活動(dòng)的同學(xué)就座展開(kāi)自由辯論，教師作為辯論主席維持辯論活動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與秩序，并要求對(duì)于辯論觀點(diǎn)持中間態(tài)度的同學(xué)做出相應(yīng)的評(píng)論與評(píng)判。

這種教學(xué)實(shí)踐形式一方面能夠最大限度地體現(xiàn)“精講多練”的原則，另一方面，也能極大地著重鍛煉學(xué)生的辯論能力，最重要的是，在辯論活動(dòng)中，學(xué)生能夠主動(dòng)地聯(lián)系到將平時(shí)所學(xué)的知識(shí)并創(chuàng)造性地轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力，真正實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)有所長(zhǎng)，學(xué)有所用。

5.Role―play分角色扮演

《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)教程》中有很多內(nèi)容適合學(xué)生進(jìn)行角色模仿和扮演，比如，不同情境中的角色扮演可以讓學(xué)生在虛擬的情景中快樂(lè)的體驗(yàn)各種人物角色，學(xué)生的模仿能力和可塑性都很強(qiáng)，在提升口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力的同時(shí)，也能將人物角色表演得到位出色，更能很好地與其他同學(xué)互動(dòng)，形成良好的課堂氛圍，從而達(dá)到了寓教于樂(lè)的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。

當(dāng)然，每一位同學(xué)的表演及口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力不同，會(huì)出現(xiàn)各方面的問(wèn)題，教師在指導(dǎo)過(guò)程中務(wù)必多加使用鼓勵(lì)性的語(yǔ)句，以便增進(jìn)學(xué)生參與的積極性，只要定期合理安排合適的內(nèi)容讓學(xué)生演練，一段時(shí)間下來(lái)，定能有豐富的收獲。

6.Movie英文原聲電影

英文電影故事情節(jié)生動(dòng)，影視中人物語(yǔ)言發(fā)音標(biāo)準(zhǔn)清晰，這種直觀的視覺(jué)效果能夠激發(fā)學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)練習(xí)興趣，強(qiáng)化學(xué)生記憶，進(jìn)而強(qiáng)化教學(xué)效果。語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)離不開(kāi)語(yǔ)境，從英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言學(xué)的角度出發(fā)，語(yǔ)境在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中更為重要，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境的設(shè)置對(duì)于口語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)與訓(xùn)練水平的提升起著重要影響。在我國(guó)，出了課堂教學(xué)以外，英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的練習(xí)與使用語(yǔ)境很少，因此，大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教師應(yīng)盡可能地為學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)原生態(tài)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，英文原聲電影必定是一個(gè)很好的方式。

另外，學(xué)生通過(guò)欣賞英文電影，可以更多地了解西方社會(huì)文化，縮小文化差異，消除溝通障礙，同時(shí)，學(xué)生??還可以學(xué)到許多不同交際場(chǎng)合、地點(diǎn)及時(shí)問(wèn)的特殊口語(yǔ)表達(dá)，這是對(duì)教材的有力補(bǔ)充，再者，學(xué)生們通過(guò)對(duì)感興趣的場(chǎng)景和人物進(jìn)行模仿，可以最大程度地避免漢語(yǔ)式思維或漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)的出現(xiàn)，也有利于豐富學(xué)生們課余文化生活，并陶冶情操。

三、結(jié)語(yǔ)

高職高專(zhuān)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)相對(duì)較差，而且差異較大，口語(yǔ)教師應(yīng)該首先確保學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握，因材施教，對(duì)于不同水平的學(xué)生進(jìn)行分別指導(dǎo)；其次，對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)及課堂表現(xiàn)多加鼓勵(lì)，讓學(xué)生勇于表現(xiàn)自己，敢于大聲說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，讓自信心成為鞏固興趣的來(lái)源；再者，教師要多學(xué)習(xí)和嘗試現(xiàn)代化教學(xué)模式，并結(jié)合實(shí)際學(xué)情制定出符合本校學(xué)生的多元化教學(xué)模式，將這種教學(xué)模式由課內(nèi)延伸到課外，使學(xué)生保持口語(yǔ)練習(xí)的興趣及熱情。

教學(xué)實(shí)踐證明，英語(yǔ)口頭表達(dá)與交際能力的培養(yǎng)需要大量反復(fù)練習(xí)和充分實(shí)踐。教師在教學(xué)過(guò)程中應(yīng)采用多元化的教學(xué)模式，并根據(jù)具體情況，針對(duì)學(xué)生主體的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)水平和能力，積極指導(dǎo)學(xué)生，制定符合學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃，整合出合適的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容并提供盡可能多的練習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，使學(xué)生在靈活多變的口語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)模式中得到充分鍛煉，使其口語(yǔ)交際能力得到全面提升以適應(yīng)未來(lái)的職業(yè)需求。