第一篇：《在林肯紀念堂前的演講》教案（xiexiebang推薦）

我有一個夢

教學目標：

知識目標

1.了解演講的背景及主要內(nèi)容。

2.在反復誦讀中體會比喻。排比等修辭手法的運用。

能力目標

1.揣縻重要詞句，結(jié)合文體特點與語境辨析。品味語言的深層含義和表達作用，提高理解能力。

2.體會全文激情飛揚、極富感召力的語言特點，并學習運用到寫作中去，提高語言表達能力。

德育目標

1.體悟馬丁路德.金的那種生命不息、為人民請命不止的崇高獻身精神

2.自由、平等、民主是人類追求的一個永恒主題，我們應(yīng)樹立遠大的理想，為崇高而偉大的事業(yè)奮斗。

教學重點：

1.結(jié)合語境，聯(lián)系時代背景，揣摩重點語段和詞語的深層含義及強烈的感情色彩。

2.比喻、排比等修辭手法的運用。

教學難點：

1.對本文背景的了解和認識。

2.深層理解本文演講后產(chǎn)生的意義及其影響。

教學課時：二課時

第一課時

[教學要點]

作者及背景簡介;朗讀課文，整體感知文意；精讀課文，理清全文思路。

一、導語設(shè)計

同學們，如果我們在這兒提到一個國家的名字，我想大家一定非常熟悉.不過在沒有講出這個國家的名字之前，我想到一些人的名字：比爾·蓋茨、麥克爾·喬丹、麥克爾·杰克遜、林肯??另外，還有“9·11”。無疑這個國家的名字是“美國”。看來同學們對美國是十分熟悉的?？墒?，我在問，我們對美國的社會現(xiàn)狀有多少了解呢?我們又對占美國人口12.5%的黑人生活現(xiàn)狀有多少了解呢?那么，今天我們將通過一個窗口來對美國社會現(xiàn)狀作一個初步的認識，這就是我們今天要共同學習的一篇非常重要也極其優(yōu)美的演講詞——《我有一個夢想》。

二、作者與背景介紹

1、作者介紹

馬丁·路德·金（1929~1968），是美國一位重要的政治領(lǐng)袖。曾獲1964年諾貝爾和平獎。他為美國黑人的政治權(quán)利而斗爭，從而為世界其他地區(qū)樹立了榜樣。他帶給人們的啟示是黑人不應(yīng)該被隔離，而應(yīng)受到像其他人一樣的待遇，而且應(yīng)該受到完全的尊重。他政治主張的核心是非暴力主義。

1929年，馬丁·路德·金誕生于美國東南部的佐治亞洲的亞特蘭大市。他是一位基教牧師的兒子，小時候他喜歡打籃球網(wǎng)球，特別喜歡踢足球。他把大量時間用來讀書，為了賺點錢讀書，他還送報紙。他喜歡廣交朋友，而不喜歡任何形式的打斗。15歲時他獲得入學成績優(yōu)秀獎而進入北方某州的一所大學深造。黑人在那里享有平等的權(quán)利，可以像他們所希望的那樣自由地生活、學習和工作。1948年他大學畢業(yè)，擔任教會的牧師。當時在南部各州，黑人還沒有受到平等的公民待遇。雖然美國在1865年學結(jié)束了奴隸制，然而南部各州.通過了它們自已的法律，繼續(xù)把白人和黑人分開。法律禁止黑人和白人通婚；在商店、飯店、醫(yī)院、公共汽車和火車里都有為黑人設(shè)置的隔離區(qū)；黑人兒童在單獨為黑人開設(shè)的學校上學；花在黑人兒童身上的教育經(jīng)費只及白人兒童的四分之一；南部各州的黑人沒有選舉權(quán)，如果他們想要參加選舉，就得通過一項閱讀測驗。

1948年到1951年間，馬丁·路德·金在美國東海岸的費城繼續(xù)深造。他畢業(yè)后相信，如果人們得不到民權(quán)，那么要求社會變革則是正確的。也是必要的，他認為，可以通過和平革命達到社會變革的目的，而不通過戰(zhàn)爭和殺戮，在他的一生中，他迫使政府解放美國黑人，給他們平等到的權(quán)利。

1964年他獲得了諾貝爾和平獎。他將全部獎金（54，600美元）獻給了自由運動。1964年通過了新的民權(quán)法案，規(guī)定凡是接受美國政府資助的組織都必須平等地對待黑人。1965年一項新的選舉權(quán)法案成這法律.從那以后，所有黑人都享有選舉權(quán)。

由于馬丁·路德·金從事黑人解放運動的工作，所以樹敵眾多。有一次，一枚炸彈爆炸，毀了他的房屋。1968年4月18日——一個永遠值得被所有人記住的日子，馬丁·路德·金在田納西州孟菲斯城被種族主義者刺殺身亡。

2、背景簡介

1955年12月1日，一位名叫羅莎·帕克斯的黑人婦女在阿拉伯乘坐公共汽車，坐到“白人專坐”的區(qū)域內(nèi)。她拒絕挪動座位，而被警察帶走。于是成立了一個組織，要求公共汽車公司改變這種不公正的做法，馬丁·路德·金被推薦為這個組織的領(lǐng)頭人。他們在市內(nèi)散發(fā)了好多傳單，傳單說：“你去上班時，請乘公租車去，或搭別人的車去，或步行?！闭荒昀?，黑人拒絕乘坐市內(nèi)公共汽車。馬丁·路德·金號召黑人不要停止，而要繼續(xù)斗爭。他的房子被子人毀壞了，有段時間他的生命也受到威脅，最后該州首府律師說，公共汽車公司無權(quán)在車上把黑人和白人公開。

1963年，馬丁·路德·金晉見了肯尼迪總統(tǒng)，要求通過新的民權(quán)法，給黑人以平等的權(quán)利。然后他又在阿拉巴馬州的伯明翰領(lǐng)導了一場新的革命。此地黑人的住房情況很糟，黑人參加工作的機會極少，而且只有25%的黑人有選舉權(quán)。革命過程中，馬丁·路德·金被子關(guān)進了監(jiān)獄。他說：“我們已經(jīng)為我們的權(quán)利等了三十年！”斗爭在繼續(xù)，一周后所有的監(jiān)獄都關(guān)滿了人，黑人的革命贏得了全國的支持。最后，公共場所都對黑人開放，所有被關(guān)押的參加游行的黑人都被釋放了。

1963年8月28日，華盛頓特區(qū)組織了一次二十五萬人的集會，要求種族平等。馬丁`路德金向成千上萬的黑人發(fā)表了一篇演說，這篇演說詞立即舉世聞名。他講話沒有講話稿，他把自已對前途的看法用充滿激情的語言告訴了云集的聽眾，這就是“我有一個夢想”。

三、學生大聲讀課文，教師根據(jù)演講詞的特點，結(jié)合演講的內(nèi)容、場合、對象，設(shè)計相應(yīng)的問題，引導學生深入理解課文，從而整體把握文意。

1、教師提問：

朗讀課文后，參考《練與考》P80，回答以下問題

（1）這一次演講是針對什么人的？

（2）這一次演講的時間、地點和場合各是什么？

（3）這次演講涉及哪些內(nèi)容？

（4）這次演講想達到什么目的？

2、學生分組討論，指定學生發(fā)言。

明確：（1）主要是針對美國黑人，同時也包括美國政府。

（2）這一次演講的時間是1963年月28日；地點是在華盛頓廣場；場合，在華盛頓特區(qū)組織二十五萬人的集會上。

（3）要求自由、平等。

（4）進一步推動黑人要求自由、公正、平等的運動，加快實現(xiàn)理想的步伐。

第二課時

[教學要點]

了解作者的“夢想”以及表達的方式；掌握演講的技巧和基本要求。

文章內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)

1、思想內(nèi)容

揭示黑人生活的悲慘現(xiàn)實，借助于夢想的形式，呼喚種族平等，以真正實現(xiàn)美國立國之根本精神：人人生而平等。

一、借助《練與考》，劃分結(jié)構(gòu)層次

課文分為四個部分

第一部分：第1節(jié)：導語，由眼前情景說起，同時力圖把人們帶入偉人營造的輝煌之中，讓人們感受到?jīng)坝康臅r代潮流和長夜將近的黎明曙光。揭示了在林肯紀念堂前發(fā)表這樣的演說具有特殊的意義。

第二部分：第2~3節(jié)：揭示黑人在種族歧視的社會中非人的境地。100年前，林肯總統(tǒng)頒布的《解放宣言》使奴隸們見到了希望，但今天，宣言沒有達到初衷，社會依然存在著種族隔離的現(xiàn)象?！耙话倌旰蟮慕裉臁弊鞣磸停瑢⒑谌说谋瘧K現(xiàn)實昭之于世。

第三部分：第4~10節(jié)：用虛論實的形式，將自己美好的愿望托付于夢——即描繪出一幅美好的理想藍圖，呼喚人人平等的社會。反復描述“我有一個夢”的情景，形成畫面群，渲染主題。借助夢境的虛，避免了直接抨擊政府而招致麻煩，又發(fā)人聯(lián)想，贏得正義人士的同情和支持。大量擬人、反復、排比、比喻的修辭，激發(fā)人們對光明的向往，產(chǎn)生催人奮進的力量。

第四部分：第11~15節(jié)：呼喚人們?yōu)槔硐攵鴬^斗。

二、重點段落賞析：

（一）賞讀第1自然段，討論（1）“偉大的美國人”指誰？（2）什么是《解放黑奴宣言》？（3）本段落的意義和作用是什么？

明確：偉大的美國人——林肯，美國總統(tǒng)(1861—1865)，共和黨人。曾任律師，主張維護聯(lián)邦統(tǒng)一，逐步廢除奴隸制度，當選總統(tǒng)后，南方各州相繼宣布脫離聯(lián)邦，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)。戰(zhàn)爭的初期，曾竭力設(shè)法與南方諸州妥協(xié)，遭拒絕；在群眾運動高漲和軍事失利的情況下，1862年開始采取革命措施，頒布《宅地法》和《解放黑奴宣言》，使戰(zhàn)爭成為群眾性的革命斗爭，保證了戰(zhàn)爭的勝利。內(nèi)戰(zhàn)結(jié)束時，即被南方奴隸主指使的暴徒刺殺。

《解放黑奴宣言》，美國南北戰(zhàn)爭期間林肯總統(tǒng)于1862年９月22日頒布的宣言，它規(guī)定自1863年１月１日起，南方叛亂各州的黑人奴隸成為自由人，但沒有明確廢除奴隸制，也沒有規(guī)定給黑人以土地。宣言當時受到國內(nèi)外人民群眾的支持，并使戰(zhàn)爭形勢轉(zhuǎn)向有利于北方。1856年的憲法修正案的第十三條例廢除了奴隸制，但戰(zhàn)爭后的黑人依然受到歧視。

由此可見，本次的游行集會目的很清楚，就是要求自由，要求平等，而這個主題早在一個世紀前就被當時的一位偉人寫在了《解放黑奴宣言》里，而時至今日，黑人的權(quán)利不能夠得到保障。因此有必要重提歷史，一方面表示對政府的不滿，另一方面昭示聽眾：我們并非

無理取鬧；我們必須奮斗，也許前邊的路還很長。

（二）賞讀課文的第4~10段，作者具體敘述自己的“夢想”。

（1）學生朗讀課文，從6個小節(jié)中，圈劃能體現(xiàn)作者“夢想”的詞語或者句子

（生而平等、親如兄弟、自由和公正、以品格為論人準繩、如同兄弟姐妹一般、萬眾公沐天主恩）

（2）根據(jù)圈劃的詞語或者句子，歸納作者的夢想

（夢想指的是：平等、和平、自由、公正、公平）

（3）學生再次朗讀以上段落，進一步體會內(nèi)容和情感。特別要注意排比句式在演講中的重要作用。

三、總結(jié)歸納演講詞的特點

初中學過聞一多先生的《最后一次演講》，今天又學習了黑人領(lǐng)袖馬丁·路德·金的《我有一個夢想》。由感性認識，我們可以上升到理性認識，歸納一下演講詞的基本特點。

演講詞為了增強語勢，提高感召力，使感情更加充沛，它有“三多”：即多用整句，多用短句，多用修辭。

用整句。如本文中“現(xiàn)在是??時候”構(gòu)成排比，氣勢強大，情感撲面而來。

多用短句，呼喚語等，富于感召力，極具煽情性。

多用比喻、排比、反問，增加感染力。如本文中“一百年后的今天，黑人仍生活要物質(zhì)充裕的海洋中的一個窮困的孤島上”，“我夢想有一天，甚至連密西西比州這個正義匿跡。壓迫成風，如同沙漠般的地方，也將變成自由和正義的綠洲”。由此可見，演講詞是頗講究藝術(shù)性的。

除了語言方面的特點，在內(nèi)容方面的特點，我們已了然于胸，那就是針對性、邏輯性、思想性。演講需要真情，演講無需作秀。誰順應(yīng)時代，誰代表大眾的心聲，誰就是講壇上的主宰者。危急關(guān)頭，想民所想，講民所不敢講，乃是演講的第一要義，是演講的生命之源。舍此則為緣木求魚。

四、課堂小結(jié)

本文情感充沛，詞句優(yōu)美，設(shè)計喻巧妙，感召力強。作者以回顧歷史開端，以揭示黑人現(xiàn)實生活為主要內(nèi)容，以展望美好的末來而結(jié)。全文思路明晰，富有邏輯性。整個演講詞，不僅體現(xiàn)了作者的才情，更展示了作者高遠的追求與不屈的精神。愿同學們也樹立遠大的理想，勤奮學習，早日成材，為偉大祖國的繁榮及人類的進步做出貢獻。

五、布置作業(yè)。

1、有表情地朗讀課文。

2、仿照課文中的排比格式寫一段話。

板書設(shè)計

我有一個夢

一、馬丁·路德·金美國黑人民權(quán)運動領(lǐng)袖

二、課文背景

三、馬丁·路德·金的夢想：平等、和平、自由、公正、公平

四、演講稿的特點：多用整句、短句、修辭（排比、比喻、對比）

第二篇：奧巴馬總統(tǒng)就職典禮前林肯紀念堂演講

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)就職典禮前林肯紀念堂演講

I want to thank all the speakers and performers for reminding us, through song and through words, just what it is that we love about America.And I want to thank all of you for braving the cold and the crowds and traveling in some cases thousands of miles to join us here today.Welcome to Washington, and welcome to this celebration of American renewal.In the course of our history, only a handful of generations have been asked to confront challenges as serious as the ones we face right now.Our nation is at war.Our economy is in crisis.Millions of Americans are losing their jobs and their homes;they're worried about how they'll afford college for their kids or pay the stack of bills on their kitchen table.And most of all, they are anxious and uncertain about the future--about whether this generation of Americans will be able to pass on what's best about this country to our children and their children.I won't pretend that meeting any one of these challenges will be easy.It will take more than a month or a year, and it will likely take many.Along the way there will be setbacks and false starts and days that test our fundamental resolve as a nation.But despite all of this--despite the enormity of the task that lies ahead--I stand here today as hopeful as ever that the United States of America will endure, that it will prevail, that the dream of our founders will live on in our time.What gives me hope is what I see when I look out across this mall.For in these monuments are chiseled those unlikely stories that affirm our unyielding faith--a faith that anything is possible in America.Rising before us stands a memorial to a man who led a small band of farmers and shopkeepers in revolution against the army of an Empire, all for the sake of an idea.On the ground below is a tribute to a generation that withstood war and depression--men and women like my grandparents who toiled on bomber assembly lines and marched across Europe to free the world from tyranny's grasp.Directly in front of us is a pool that still reflects the dream of a King, and the glory of a people who marched and bled so that their children might be judged by their character's content.And behind me, watching over the union he saved, sits the man who in so many ways made this day possible.And yet, as I stand here today, what gives me the greatest hope of all is not the stone and marble that surrounds us today, but what fills the spaces in between.It is you--Americans of every race and region and station who came here because you believe in what this country can be and because you want to help us get there.It is the same thing that gave me hope from the day we began this campaign for the presidency nearly two years ago;a belief that if we could just recognize ourselves in one another and bring everyone together--Democrats, Republicans, independents;Latino, Asian and Native American;black and white, gay and straight, disabled and not--then not only would we restore hope and opportunity in places that yearned for both, but maybe, just maybe, we might perfect our union in the process.This is what I believed, but you made this belief real.You proved once more that people who love this country can change it.And as I prepare to assume the presidency, yours are the voices I will take with me every day when I walk into that Oval Office--the voices of men and women who have different stories but hold common hopes;who ask only for what was promised us as Americans--that we might make of our lives what we will and see our children climb higher than we did.It is this thread that binds us together in common effort;that runs through every memorial on this mall;that connects us to all those who struggled and sacrificed and stood here before.It is how this nation has overcome the greatest differences and the longest odds--because there is no obstacle that can stand in the way of millions of voices calling for change.That is the belief with which we began this campaign, and that is how we will overcome what ails us now.There is no doubt that our road will be long, that our climb will be steep.But never forget that the true character of our nation is revealed not during times of comfort and ease, but by the right we do when the moment is hard.I ask you to help reveal that character once more, and together, we can carry forward as one nation, and one people, the legacy of our forefathers that we celebrate today.Thank you, America.God bless you.

第三篇：林肯演講

The Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln

Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of it as the final resting place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this, but in a larger sense we cannot dedicate –we cannot consecrate –we cannot hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work that they have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,that from those honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain;that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.最后一句參考譯文如下：

在此，我們將獻身于有待我們?nèi)ネ瓿傻膫ゴ笫聵I(yè)，即我們將更加致力于完成先烈們曾為之獻身的這一事業(yè)，即在此我們將下定決心，不使先烈的鮮血白流，即這個國家在上帝的庇佑之下，必將得到自由的新生,一個民有、民治、民享的政府，必將永世長存。

這一段是這樣翻譯出來的：

(1)It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us─(2)that from those honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause(3)for which they gave the last full measure of devotion─(2)that we here highly resolve

(3)that these dead shall not have died in vain─(2)that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom─(2)and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perishfrom the earth.分析：

這是林肯總統(tǒng)的“Gettysburg Address”中最后、最重要、也是最長的一句話。詞句雖稍長，并列結(jié)構(gòu)多，但層次還是清楚的，一目了然。層次也不是很復雜，全句只有三個層次：主句，在全句的開始，前面標有（1）；從句，在每個“──”號之后，前面標有（2），表示第二個層次，共有四個；從句中的從句，前面標有（3），表示第三個層次，共有兩個。關(guān)鍵是弄清這幾層之間的關(guān)系：第二層次的四個并列從句皆為task 的同位語從句；第一個第三層次的從句為 cause 的定語從句，第二個則為 resolve 的賓語從句。每個層次還有一些其它結(jié)構(gòu)，如 government 后就有三個著名于世的并列的 of 短語作定語，就不一一分析了。注意全句末尾反譯（反面正譯）手段的運用，比較原句反面的表達：“必不致從地球上消滅。”

參考譯文：

主講：亞伯拉罕·林肯

時間：1863年11月19日

地點：美國，賓夕法尼亞，葛底斯堡

八十七年以前，我們的祖先在這大陸上建立了一個國家，它孕育于自由，并且獻身給一種理念，即所有人都是聲來平等的。

當前，我們正在從事一次偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，我們在考驗，究竟這個國家，或任何一個有這種主張和這種信仰的國家，是否能長久存在。我們在那次戰(zhàn)爭的一個偉大的戰(zhàn)場上集會。我們來到這里，奉獻那個戰(zhàn)場上的一部分土地，作為在此地為那個國家的生存而犧牲了自己生命的人的永久眠息之所。我們這樣做，是十分合情合理的。

可是，就更深一層意義而言，我們是無從奉獻這片土地的--無從使它成為圣地--也不能把它變?yōu)槿藗兙把鲋?。那些在這里戰(zhàn)斗的勇士，活著的和死去的，已使這塊土地神圣化了，遠非我們的菲薄能力所能左右。世人會不大注意，更不會長久記得我們在此地所說的話，然而他們將永遠忘不了這些人在這里所做的事。相反，我們活著的人應(yīng)該獻身于那些曾在此作戰(zhàn)的人們所英勇推動而尚未完成的工作。我們應(yīng)該在此獻身于我們面前所留存的偉大工作--由于他們的光榮犧牲，我們要更堅定地致力于他們曾作最后全部貢獻的那個事業(yè)--我們在此立志宣誓，不能讓他們白白死去--要使這個國家在上帝的庇佑之下，得到新生的自由--要使那民有、民治、民享的政府不致從地球上消失。(翻譯可能不很準確，如要準確，請查詢專業(yè)書籍)

第四篇：林肯演講

Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new Nation, conceived inLiberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who gave their lives that Nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us;that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom;and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth."

87年前，我們的先輩們在這個大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個新國家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來平等的原則?，F(xiàn)在我們正從事一場偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗這個國家，或者任何一個孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國家是否能夠長久存在下去。我們在這場戰(zhàn)爭中的一個偉大戰(zhàn)場上集會。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個國家能夠生存下去而獻出了自己的生命，我們來到這里，是要把這個戰(zhàn)場的一部分奉獻給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且是非常恰當?shù)摹?/p>

但是，從更廣泛的意義上來說，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻，不能夠圣化，不能夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。我們今天在這里所說的話，全世界不大會注意，也不會長久地記住，但勇士們在這里所做過的事，全世界卻永遠不會忘記。毋寧說，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)——我們要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻身精神，來完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻身的事業(yè)；我們要在這里下定最大的決心，不讓這些死者白白犧牲；我們要使國家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個民有、民治、民享的政府永世長存。亞伯拉罕.林肯

第五篇：林肯演講分析

Analyze all the sentences in this article.Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.The first sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence ,” “four score and seven years ago ” is a adverbial phrase as a adverbial.“our fathers”is a noun phrase as the subject.“brought fouth” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“on this continent” is a adverbial phrase as a adverbial.“a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal” is a noun phrase as the object.The second sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “now” is a adverbial.“we” is the subject.“are engaged in” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“ a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure” is a noun phrase as the adverbial.The third sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “we” is the subject.“are met” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“on a great battlefield of that war” is a preposition as a adverbial.The fourth sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “we” is the subject.“have come” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live” is a complex clause as a adverbial.The fifth sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “it” is a empty subject.“is” is linking verb as the predicate verb.“altogether fitting and proper” is a adjective phrase as the complement.“that we should do this” is the subject.The sixth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “but in a larger sense”is a preposition phrase as a adverbial.“we” is the subject.“can not dedicate” “ can not consecrate” “can not hallow” are verb phrases as predicate verbs.“this ground” is a noun phrase as the object.The seventh sentence is a simple sentence made up of a non-finite clause “l(fā)iving and dead” and a finite clause “who struggled here” and a main clause.In the main clause, “the brave men” is a noun phrase as the subject.“have consecrated” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“it” is the object.“far above our poor power” is a preposition phrase as a objective complement.“ to add or detract” is a non-finite clause as a adverbial.The eighth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “the world” is a noun phase as the subject.“will little note nor long remember” and “can never forget” are verb phrases as predicate verbs.“what we say here” and “what we did here” are finite clauses as objects.The ninth sentence is a simple sentence consist of a non-finite clause “to be dedicated here to the unfinished work” and a finite clause “which they fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.In this sentence, “it” is the empty subject.“is” a linking verb as the predicate verb.“for us” is a preposition phrase as a complement.“the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced” is a simple clause as the subject.The tenth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “it” is a empty subject.“is rather for us to be here dedicated to” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“the great task remaining before us” is a noun phrase as the object.“that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” Is a compound clause as the subject.