第一篇：托福寫作句子美化

句子美化

A：狀語前置

在英文寫作里，狀語前置是一種相當常用的句式變換手法。

狀語前置就是把一個由副詞、介詞、現(xiàn)在分詞或者動詞不定式形成的小短語放在句首。這種句式最大的好處是讓你的句子產(chǎn)生了一種長短結(jié)合的跳躍的節(jié)奏感。

新托福作文狀語前置用法全集

☆ Historically, in America workers have been mercilessly exploited by big corporations.For example, garment industry workers, railway workers and fruit pickers were suffering many hardships and paid very little.☆ Clearly, this is a positive alternative for motivated parents and their children.☆ Undoubtedly, the most basic elements of writing are to be found in pictures.B 句中做手腳

☆ 同理，在新托福作文的句中也經(jīng)常可以引入小短語，它會讓句子顯得更加靈活多變。

? Shopping, a necessary part of daily life, is increasingly time-consuming(消耗時間的)in North America.? We’II all die in the end, and because of this, we should cherish every moment of life.? In America, those who move long distances are generally the kind of people who play the major role in holding the community together, in large part because / partly because they are more confident and have better career opportunities.? The internet is a simple collection of screens ? 改成 ☆ The Internet is, simply, a collection of screens of information(known as webpages)that reside on thousands of computers around the world.☆ A positive attitude, after all, is essential for a student’s academic performance.☆ Upon reflection, I recognize, sadly, my experience of being a high-school student and those of the high-school students today are not as different as I hoped.☆ Many scientists believe that human activity has very little, if any, impact on the recent warming trend on Earth.C副詞領(lǐng)路人

有些表示幅度或者范圍的副詞，如果放在形容詞的前面引導(dǎo)形容詞，經(jīng)常可以起到讓它們后面的形容詞更加明確的作用。

例如: The ability to speak English is increasingly important in a global society.The medicine doesn’t cure the illness.It merely(just)stops the pain.The product’s success can’t be solely（-only，但注意solely只能作副詞）attributed to the advertising.類似的副詞還有：approximately（大約），markedly(顯著地)，substantially（大幅度地，顯著地，在比較正式的文章和演講中異常常用），considerably（顯著地，可觀地），slightly 微小地，marginally c略微地，和fractionally 本意是分數(shù)地，但一般就近似“微小程度地”意思。

D倒裝是進步的階梯

倒裝這種語法現(xiàn)象同學們都學過，但經(jīng)常想不到去積極使用。在新托福作文里如果找準機會用一次，會讓考官感到一股暖流涌上心頭。

☆ Not only should the parents spend more time with their children, they should also try to communicate with their children more often.☆ Only in this way can the problem of child obesity be effectively controlled.☆ Under no circumstances should teachers punish their students physically.☆ Strange as it may seem, parents’ attention sometimes hinders(阻礙)students’ academic progress.☆近義詞：

hinder / impede / obstruct

☆ Neither of these factors is the case any longer.☆ Never have there been more appropriate vehicles for direct marketing than the Internet and E-mails.E強調(diào)但不強勢

用It is… that..或者It is… who…

Parents and siblings have a far greater impact on the development of their personality traits.Though friends definitely play a significant role in shaping teenagers’ personality, it is the parents and siblings that have a far greater impact on the development of their personality traits.F虛擬不等忽悠

The recent crisis could not have occurred without the participation of the biggest players on Wall Street.Had I lived in a small town, my life would have been confined to(被限制)very few possibilities.G抽象畫法的of Importance / help / value / interest / significance / necessity / quality等。比如 :

☆ Fossil fuel is of great importance to the development of industry, transportation and tourism.☆ Whether people in the developing world are suffering is of no interest to many wealthy citizens in industrial countries.H 被動也瘋狂

It can be argued that… It has been noted that… It’s observed that..It’s believed that…

It’s commonly accepted that… It’s generally recognized that… It is reported that..（注意這里可以用現(xiàn)在時）It’s estimated that…

I變性表決心

請注意這里的變性是指“改變詞性”的句式變換手法。寫作中的變性主要有三種： 改變前: People are concerned because the traditional values are gradually disappearing from the tribes.People are concerned about the gradual disappearance of the traditional tribal values.改變前: Some people don’t fulfill their responsibilities as parents.改變后: Some people don’t fulfill their parental responsibilities.Telecommuting（在家遠程上班）can bring numerous benefits to both employees and employers.Both employees and employers can benefit from telecommuting.Telecommuting can benefit employers and employees.Telecommuting is beneficial to both employees and employers.Both employees and employers can be beneficiaries(受益者)of telecommuting.J副詞排成隊

☆ Athletes tend to move gracefully, energetically and powerfully.Some people argue that the new instruction methodology can help students develop intellectually and emotionally.☆A(yù)ll this material is now quickly, inexpensively and readily available from the comfort of our desks and work stations.☆ After the surgery, most young patients feel physically and mentally back to normal within a week.M雙重否定就是肯定

☆1t is not unrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.意思是：去做某事是現(xiàn)實的

☆ Not surprisingly, It is not uncommon that It was not unusual that

三、托福句庫必備排比法 1．詞語排比(1)名詞

We have nothing but truth, goodness and beauty.我們除了真實、善良和漂亮之外，一無所有。? She gave up her family, her honor, and her fortune for liberty.? 她放棄了家庭、榮耀和財富，只是為了追求自由。? 用family，honor，fortune：比來突出她對自由的渴望以及毅然為之所做出的犧牲非常大。

?(2)動詞 ? Since now, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and prepare ourselves for new challenges.? 從現(xiàn)在開始，我們必須重新振作，整裝待發(fā)，迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)。? 三個簡單的動詞“重新振作、整裝待發(fā)、迎接挑戰(zhàn)”，卻能夠有力地號召大家為當前的工作做好準備，起到鼓舞人心的作用。? During our life, we should never stop studying, thinking, and practicing.? 在我們的一生中，我們必須不斷學習，不斷思考，不斷實踐。? 用三個動詞精煉、抽象地概括了人一生不斷成長的過程，道出了人生的本質(zhì)。

?(3)形容詞 ? What an ugly, greedy, and selfish man!? 這是一個多么丑陋、貪婪，自私的人呀！? 連用三個形容詞塑造了一個丑陋的形象，也流露出了作者的厭惡之情。? Skateboarding is both exciting and dangerous.? 滑板運動又興奮又危險。(4)副詞

In they all came, one after another, some shyly, some boldly, some gracefully, some awkwardly…(Dickens)他們都進來了，一個接著一個，有的害羞，有的膽大，有的優(yōu)雅，有的笨拙??（狄更斯）

2．短語排比(1)名詞短語

Four things are not to be brought back: a word spoken, an arrow discharged, the divine decree and past time.(E.P.)四件事情是無法收回來的：說出去的話，放出去的箭，神圣的法會，以及過去的時間。

Only depend on those values can we succeed – hard work and tolerance, fair play and courage…

我們要成功，就需要依靠以下這些價值觀：努力工作和忍耐力，公平競爭和勇氣??

(2)動詞短語

Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty.(Kennedy)

(3)介詞短語

Our government is a government of the people, by the people and for the people.我們的政府是民有、民主、民享的政府。

(5)不定式短語

The time has come to relearn our history, to reaffirm our responsibility and to choose our new target.是到了重新學習歷史、重新確認責任、選擇我們新的目標的時刻了。

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier for more people now than in the past to get an education.文章1 Never does the topic referring to education fail to arouse the attention of public, with the increasing awareness of the importance of education as well as the growing amount of educational resources.I maintain that people are now easier to become educated than in the past.First of all, educational level of a country is considered as a vital factor to a country's international competitiveness.More and more countries are willing to give money to educational institution.Government issues fund to universities or colleges to make sure that almost every student are able to afford the tuition and get education.Government also provides teachers with excellent conditions in order to attract more scholars to engage in educational field.Government also equips universities or colleges with high quality facilities to encourage teachers and students to get involved in all kinds of researches.Therefore, with the help of government, education has become easier for most people.What’s more, various open classes and learning materials are available on the internet so that people can learn whenever or wherever they want.They need not to go to school to get education.As a university student, I can benefit a lot from the shared online educational materials.For example, I am able to have access to the classes that are offered in Harvard University, Stanford University and other famous universities all over the world.I really enjoy the convenience that internet has brought to us.Therefore, I believe that people have more opportunities to get education with the help of internet.Last but not least, the awareness of education has increased dramatically in modern society, and the reasons may be that a strong educational background is beneficial to all of us.Under a heavy influence of global unemployment crisis, most people find that it is hard to find a job.However, a person with master degree may possess more chances to get an ideal job.In a word, the pressure of living in modern society also serves as an important motivation that stimulates people to become educated.All in all, with the help of government and the wide spread of internet as well as increasing awareness of education, it is surly easier for people to become educated than in the past.文章2 The twentieth and twenty-first centuries have seen/witnessed the development and advancement of many fields and areas of society.Education is an area that has developed tremendously in the past hundred years.The rise of the middle class, the standardization of education, and the opening of many more schools has made it possible for more people now than in the past to get an education.In China specifically, education reform began with the opening up and reform period of the 1980’s.During this time China also opened up its economy and changed from a state run economy to a market economy.A market economy in China has made it possible for the development of the middle class.Historically throughout the world, education belonged to the social elites.People from the lower class, which always outnumbered the upper class, did not have the money or resources to become educated.The middle class is a group of people who are not necessarily the elites of society, but have the money to pay for education.Since the 1980’s, the middle class has been rapidly growing, increasing ten-fold 十倍the number of children who have the opportunities to get an education.With the rise of the middle class, also comes an increase in pressure on the government.倒裝Since more people can afford education, more pressure is put on the government to provide teachers and schools for the children of the middle class.The government is then spurred into action to increase funding and resources for education nationwide.This has then prompted the opening of schools in many areas beyond the major cities and the training of many new teachers.More teachers and more schools mean that more people will be educated.The government’s attention on education has helped with the standardization of education in China.This standardization has created nationwide tests that have made it so that every student, no matter his or her background or hometown, has the opportunity to attend high school and apply for college.Not only do more students have the opportunity to attend school, but they also have the opportunity to continue their education further than previous generations.The rise of the middle class, the increased involvement of the government, and the standardization of education has made it so that more people, now than ever, have the opportunity to become educated.范文

It has been argued that despite the continued advancement of science and technology, our lives have changed in a way that is more tremendous than ever.I, however I disagree.First, environmental problems are still on the waiting list.Technology-dominated industrialization has generated such problems as global warming, acid rain and urban smog, which has given rise to a series of adverse effects-climate change, death of aquatic life and respiratory diseases.Although quality of life has improved, there are still many things that could be improved in China, like safety and living conditions.If the most significant transformation in living standards has taken place, how is it possible that ecocide is still a real and ever-present danger? Second, world peace still hangs by a thread.Take the Iraq War for example.It broke out eight years ago and since then Iraqis have been living in hell.Their homes are torched and destroyed and their families have been torn apart.It is certain that they have not received all the benefits of advanced technology.Superpowers are busy with the nuclear experiments, but the highly technological work brings anything but world peace.If the most significant transformation in living standard has taken place, how is it possible that some on this planet are still in great agony?

Lastly, the pace of life is increasingly faster and shows no sign of slowing down.Undoubtedly, development in IT industries and communication devices has enabled people to enjoy more convenient lives.However, it is also the seemingly almighty technologies that have put people in suffering.Wherever you go, cell phones make it possible for your boss to spot you and give you more work, whether you like it or not.Computers, which give companies the ability to teleconference and conduct online interviews, have turned our homes into a mere extension of our offices.If the most significant transformation in living standards has taken place, how is it possible that people now are still suffering from deprived sleep, unbalanced diet and strained family relations?

All in all, science and technology have been and will continue to develop, but the fundamental transformation of our lives has not yet taken place.(363 words)

第二篇：托福寫作 翻譯句子練習

中文：

1.旅游業(yè)不但給政府帶來稅收而且給很多人提供了就業(yè)機會。

2.賭博不但對健康有害，而且會影響家庭和睦。3.打工不但能讓學生賺零花錢，而且還能讓他們學到人際交往的能力。

4.現(xiàn)在很多學校的校服不但貴，而且還難看，質(zhì)量不好。

5.政府不但要多建一些公路，還要鼓勵人們多使用公交車。

6.老人們既不需要很多的錢，也不需要很大的房子，他們最需要的是子女的關(guān)心和照顧。

7.我喜歡旅游，但是，我既沒有錢，也沒有時間。8.在老人院，老人既能夠接受到醫(yī)療，又能夠找到很多有共同話題，共同興趣的的伙伴。

9.繳稅既是有有利于國家，也是有利于個人。因為政府的稅收主要用于公共服務(wù)，這個是每個人都會受益的。

10.打電腦游戲既浪費時間，又有害視力。11.打電腦游戲既能使人放松，又能鍛煉大腦的靈活性，反映能力

12.依照最近的一項調(diào)查，每年有4，000，000人死于與吸煙有關(guān)的疾病。

13.沒有一項發(fā)明像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)一樣同時受到如此多的贊揚和批評。

14.許多專家指出體育鍛煉直接有助于身體健康。15.無可否認，空氣污染是一個極其嚴重的問題：城市當局應(yīng)該采取有力措施來解決它。

16.考慮到問題的嚴重性，在事態(tài)進一步惡化之前，必須采取有效的措施。

17.盡管這一觀點被廣泛接受，很少有證據(jù)表明飛機會造成災(zāi)難性的污染。

18.沒有人能否認：教育是人生最重要的一方面。19.事實上，我們必須承認生命的質(zhì)量和生命本身一樣重要。

20.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地保護我們的環(huán)境。21.現(xiàn)在，人們普遍認為 22.我同意后者，有如下理由： 23.這一觀點正受到越來越多人的質(zhì)疑。

24.使用自行車有助于人們的身體健康，并極大地緩解了交通阻塞。

25.盡管自行車有許多明顯的優(yōu)點，但是它也存在它的問題。

26.在速度和舒適度方面，自行車是無法和汽車、火車這樣的交通工具相比的。

27.通過以上討論，我們可以得出結(jié)論：自行車的優(yōu)點遠大于缺點，并且在現(xiàn)代社會它仍將發(fā)揮重要作用。28.這個問題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關(guān)注。29.很多人生活在這樣的幻想之中。。

30.就我而言，我同意教育不應(yīng)該隨著畢業(yè)而結(jié)束的觀點，有以下原因：

31.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始相信學習新的技術(shù)和知識能直接幫助他們獲得工作就會或提升的機會。32.藝術(shù)資助對于很多發(fā)展中國家是個奢侈的做法。(art funding, luxurious)33.興建體育場館和劇院等會浪費政府有限的財政。(stadium, theater, tight budget)34.政府資助藝術(shù)家和音樂家的做法其實就是濫用納稅人的錢。（taxpayer）

35.保護瀕危的動物需要花費大量的公共資金，對于發(fā)展中國家而言，是個沉重的經(jīng)濟負擔。(endangered species, economic burden.)36.電腦游戲太誘人了，以至于很多孩子都沉迷其中不能自拔。（alluring abandon oneself to）

37.有些小孩缺乏自控和自律能力，整天沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲和網(wǎng)上聊天。（self-control, self-discipline）38.有些小孩缺乏自律能力，整天沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲和網(wǎng)上聊天。（self-discipline, be addicted to）39.減肥的最好方法就是減少攝入的熱量，同時增加活動量。（lose weight, the level of physical activity）40.應(yīng)該對私家車進行限制，因為汽車排放的有毒氣體里含有許多的致癌物。(emit, toxic gas, carcinogen)41.體育鍛煉有利于人們減壓。(physical exercise, mental strain)42.過分沉迷于電腦游戲會導(dǎo)致近視和肥胖。(overindulgence, myopia, obesity)43.電視和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使人們與朋友疏遠了，因為現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)狈εc朋友面對面的交流。(alienate…from…, face-to-face communication)44.國際旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展可能導(dǎo)致國與國之間緊張關(guān)系的加劇。(tension)45.如果老人到敬老院住，他們會覺得自己沒有價值了，被家人拋棄了，同時感到絕望。（useless, desert）46.通過旅游，有不同種族和政治背景的人會更加了解對方，從而消除誤會和偏見，維護世界和平。(remove misunderstanding and prejudice)47.出國留學的好處包括：全球意識增強，語言學習，跨文化交際，獨立性，自信心和適應(yīng)性增強。(global awareness, cross-cultural communication, adaptability)48.許多人認為國際旅游對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展有積極作用，應(yīng)鼓勵地方政府發(fā)展國際旅游。但是這些人忽視了國際旅游可能會給當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史造成的災(zāi)難性的影響。49.就我而言，我堅定地認為國外旅游者的數(shù)量應(yīng)得到限制，理由如下：

50.雖然科技帶來了很多便利和效率，也同時帶來了環(huán)境的惡化。

50句翻譯練習的答案

1.Gambling not only harms people’s health but also damages family harmony.2.Taking part-time jobs not only enables students to earn pocket money/allowance but also learn interpersonal skills.3.The government should not only build/construct more roads but also encourage people to use public transport.pass 4.The elderly neither need big houses nor much money.What they need is their children’s care and attention.5.Nowadays, many school uniforms are not only expensive/pricy but also ugly and poor-quality.6.I enjoy traveling, but I neither have money nor time.7.In nursing houses, the elderly can both receive medical care and find friends who have similar topics and hobbies with them.8.Paying tax both benefits a country and individuals, because/for the government’s revenue is mainly used for public services, which is rewarding to everyone.9.Playing computer games both wastes time and impairs eyesight.10.Playing computer games both enables people to relax and improve brain’s flexibility.12.According to a recent survey, there are four million ppl who die of smoking-related diseases.13.No invention has received more praise and abuse than that of the Internet.14.Many experts point out that sports conduce to health./physical fitness.15.There is no denying that air pollution is such a serious/severe problem that the government should take effective/strong measures to relieve it.Admittedly, No one can deny that… undoubtedly 15.Considering the severity of the problem, … In light of the… In view of…

16.Despite the fact that this view is widely accepted, there is little evidence that airplanes can cause=result in=give rise to disastrous pollution.aspect 17.Actually, we must admit that life quality is as important as life itself.18.make every effort to do 19.it is generally accepted that..20.I agree with the latter view/one for the following reasons.The reasons go as follows.21.This view is being questioned by an increasing number of ppl.22.Riding bicycles benefits people’s health, which relieves traffic jams considerably.23.Despite the fact that bicycles have many obvious advantages,they are not without their problems.24.Using bicycles contributes to people’s health and greatly reduces traffic jams.25.Although bicycles have many obvious advantages, they are not without their problems.26.For speed and comfort, bicycles cannot be compared with other means of transport such as trains or buses.27.From the above discussion, we can safely draw the conclusion that the advantages of bicycles far outweigh their disadvantages and they will play an important role in modern society.28.This issue has aroused wide public concern.29.Many people live under the illusion that….30.As for me/as far as I am concerned/For my part/from my perspective, I agree that education should not end with graduation for the following reasons.31.Nowadays, an increasing number of people are beginning to believe that acquiring new techniques and knowledge can help them obtain more employment or promotion opportunities.32.Art funding is a luxurious practice for many developing countries.33.Building stadiums and theatres will waste the government’s tight budget.34.Art funding is a waste of taxpayers’ money.(or the practice of art funding is…)

35.Protecting endangered species requires huge amount of public funds, which is a heavy economic burden to developing countries.36.Computer games are so fascinating that many children are addicted to them.(用addicted吧。)37/38.Some children so lack discipline that they are addicted to online games and chatting.(這兩句意思差不多。就記一個就行了)39.The best way to lose weight is to reduce the intake of calorie and increase more physical activities.40.We should restrict the number of private cars(or the number of …should be restricted), because the emissions from cars contain carcinogens(cancer-causing substances).41.Physical exercise helps relieve pressure.42.Addiction ot computer games may lead to myopia and obesity.43.TV and Internet alienate people from their friends because they lack face-to-face communication.44.International tourism may increase the tension between countries.45.If the elderly are sent to nursing houses, they may feel they are useless and feel abandoned and frustrated(沮喪)46.Through international tourism, people from different backgrounds will more understand each other, which can remove misunderstanding and prejudice thus maintaining world peace.47.The advantages of studying abroad includes the improvement in global awareness, cross-cultrual communication, confidence and adaptability.48.Many hold that international tourism has positive impact on economic development and we should encourage local government to develop international tourism.However, these people ignore that international tourism may also bring disastrous effect on local environment and history.49.For me,(見上面有一句)，I firmly believe that the number of international tourists should be restricted for the following reasons.50.Along with convenience and efficiency has come the deterioration(worsening)of the environment.

第三篇：托福寫作

Agree or disagree A university should focus more on its facilities, computers or laboratory, rather than on hiring famous teachers

Nowadays, highly education has been attached more important than before.A argue that school facilities should pay more attention than professor lecture.From my perspective, although such hardware like computer centers and science lab provide some benefits to university students, university depends on quality of stuff.Admittedly, a school equipped with great facilities is more appealing the applicants.The reason is that it can make study easier.A bright library offers such a quiet condition for knowledge absorption;a computer center provides a self-govern ways to study;a science lab make student get more practice about miracles.However, this factors become less considerate when it comes to the quality of the professors.For one thing, not only do famous teachers can impart the knowledge, but instill the angle that to solve the problem.To pass on knowledge, a human is no better than a machine or a high-tech tool.The difference lies in the

special ways to get the solutions and the potential inspiration by the former.Take my favorite teacher for example, she often shows us some different way to solve the difficulties.And then she tells us the angle to work out the problem.As for me, it was not until her explanation, that I know about the easier way to work the problem.That is something that high-tech can barely achieve.For another, universities with qualified teachers tend to have higher graduate employment.It is not hard to imagine that a teacher with connections can bring more opportunity to get internship.As an old saying goes, knowledge starts with practice.It is still true now.Students who swamped in labs, would never face the brutal fact that you need a window for people to see what you’ve got.In this way, a well-connect professor can open that for you, instead of lifeless labs.In conclusion, though facilities could promote learning, but it fail to generate more practical merits to students.Recruit more qualified teacher should be paid more attention and stress.

第四篇：托福寫作中的經(jīng)典句子--諺語

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托福寫作模板中有很多經(jīng)典的句子，在忙于考試的同時，可以收集作為自己的東西，1.Fish

(1)The best fish swim near the bottom.好魚常在水底游。

(2)Never offer to teach fish to swim.不要班門弄斧。

(3)Go to the sea, if you would fish well.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

(4)There’s as good fish in the sea as ever came out of it.海里的好魚多的是。

(5)It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.智者不上兩次檔。

(6)If water is noisy, there are no fish in it.咆哮的水中無魚。(夸夸其談?wù)邿o真才實學。)。

2.Hare

(1)You cannot run with the hare and hunt with the hounds(獵狗).不能既和野兔一起跑又和獵狗一起追。(人不應(yīng)兩面討好。)

(2)The tortoise wins the race while the hare is sleeping.兔子睡懶覺，烏龜跑贏了。

3.Horse

(1)You can take a horse to the water, but you can’t make him drink.帶馬到河邊容易，逼馬飲水難。

(2)Don’t ride the high horse.勿擺架子。

(3)A good horse cannot be of a bad colour.好馬不會毛色差。

(4)A horse may stumble on four feet.馬有四條腿，亦有失蹄時。

(5)A running horse needs no spur.奔馬無需鞭策。

(6)Don’t put the cart before the horse.不要將大車套在馬前面。(處理問題應(yīng)按先后次序，不要本末倒置。)

(7)The common horse is worst shod.公用之馬，掌子最差。

(8)Lock the barn door after the horse is stolen.失馬之后鎖馬廄。(亡羊補牢)

(9)Don’t look a gift horse in the mouth.饋贈之馬，勿看牙口。

托福培訓：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet420/ 托福一對一qq咨詢：1613508081（驗證：文庫托福）

托福培訓：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet420/ 托福一對一qq咨詢：1613508081（驗證：文庫托福）

(10)Hair by hair you will pull out the horse’s tail.一根一根拔，拔光馬尾巴。(水滴石穿).Mouse

(1)It is a poor mouse that has only one hole.狡兔三窟。

(2)The mouse that has but one hole is quickly taken.只有一個洞的老鼠，很快就被抓住。

(3)A speck of mouse dung will spoil a whole pot of porridge.一粒老鼠屎，壞了一鍋粥。

5.Sheep

(1)If one sheep leaps over the ditch, all the rest will follow.榜樣的力量是無窮的。

(2)A lazy sheep thinks its wool heavy.懶羊嫌毛重。

(3)He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.甘心做綿羊，必然喂豺狼。

6.Swallow

(1)One swallow does not make a spring.孤燕不報春。

(2)One swallow does not make a summer.一燕不成夏。

7.Tiger

(1)If you don’t enter a tiger’s den, you can’t get his cubs.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

8.Wolf

(1)Don’t trust a goat with the kitchen-garden,or a wolf with sheepfold.不能請羊管菜園，不能請狼管羊圈。

(2)Who keeps company with wolves, will learn to howl.和狼在一起，就會學狼叫。

(3)Man is a wolf to man.人對人是狼。(人心狠，人吃人)

(4)A growing youth has a wolf in his belly.年輕人，在成長，吃起飯來像餓狼

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第五篇：托福寫作：詞匯應(yīng)用和句子結(jié)構(gòu)

托福寫作：詞匯應(yīng)用和句子結(jié)構(gòu)

首先，我們先來看看詞匯量。所謂詞匯量，從宏觀出發(fā)指的是你所掌握的單詞總數(shù)。比如說你為了參加托?？荚嚕詹栾埐凰?，大門不出在家苦苦求索，用無數(shù)大腦細胞換來的單詞記憶量。這個首先保證的是你的閱讀能力……

TOEFL寫作中詞匯的選用

首先，我們先來看看詞匯量。所謂詞匯量，從宏觀出發(fā)指的是你所掌握的單詞總數(shù)。比如說你為了參加托?？荚?，整日茶飯不思，大門不出在家苦苦求索，用無數(shù)大腦細胞換來的單詞記憶量。這個首先保證的是你的閱讀能力，當你看到這個單詞的時候好像形同陌路，也有點似曾相識，但是可以很大程度上幫助你理解整篇文章的意思，如此一來，你做TOEFL閱讀部分的時候，詞匯量的大小決定了你對文章的認知程度。可是對于寫作而言，這個單詞量就要另當別論了，或許你可以有幾萬個單詞在大腦里，可是談到寫作，就很難用單詞量來衡量你的具體應(yīng)用了；換句話說，你認識他們每一個人，但是他們是不是認識你就不好說了。

很多同學背單詞的堅韌精神讓我佩服不已，但一如既往地記憶的確很好，可是在寫作方面還是有很多苦惱：一般是提筆忘字或者高級詞匯的使用，還有就是句型過于簡單羅列，使得整篇文章缺少亮點和層次感。想要避免提筆忘字，就要談到詞匯要怎么記憶了，純粹的單詞表記憶，破壞了單詞之間的聯(lián)系性，積累寫作方面的單詞，最好不要逐一地背單詞表，按照字母順序排列的單詞，彼此之間的聯(lián)系太少。針對這一特點，市場上TOEFL寫作類的圖書都做了很多調(diào)整，經(jīng)常在每篇范文之后附加了文章中好的詞匯和短語，這樣在你學習了范文的寫法之后，再回味一下文章中的詞匯精華，一舉兩得。如果有充分的時間，可以選擇一些文字類新聞多一些的英文網(wǎng)站，Yahoo，MSN之類的就不錯。通過閱讀新聞來積累單詞，首先很多社會新聞可以成為我們寫作的構(gòu)思素材，其次多元化的新聞，不容易產(chǎn)生死背單詞的枯燥感。

關(guān)于高級詞匯在TOEFL寫作中的應(yīng)用，我覺得要順其自然。有些考生總是喜歡找一些級別高的單詞，甚至是被人冷落的單詞進行記憶，這就好像讓莎士比亞去考托福一樣，級別相差太多。我見過很多學生，尤其是高中生，因為記憶力還保持在茂盛期，所以偏愛這種類型的記憶；這樣做的優(yōu)點在于你的單詞量擴展得很好，基本可以參加GRE的考試，缺點就是犧牲太多時間，也會損害記憶能力。針對TOEFL考試，詞匯上的升級其實也很簡單，我們來看下邊這個例子：

magnificent? significant ?

important

具體應(yīng)用到句子中：

1.WTO is planning an important conference about commercial regulations.2.It is a significant contribution to the society.3.We have visited the magnificent Forbidden city.這幾個詞大家都很熟悉，都有“重要，華麗”的意思?？墒亲鳛橥壉容^的形容詞，它們之間的關(guān)系則是遞進式的，其強調(diào)的重要或者華麗的程度也在逐漸提升。如果你按照這樣的順序來進行記憶，不但可以記牢這幾個單詞，而且可以得到如何應(yīng)用的真諦。所以所謂的高級詞匯的應(yīng)用，要從基礎(chǔ)開始，打好基礎(chǔ)之后再進行積累，切忌操之過急。再來看看下邊這個例子：

Humility humiliate humiliated humiliating

這幾個詞匯都是由humility衍生出來的，但是意思大不相同，humility是我們的傳統(tǒng)美德，叫做“謙卑”，和pride正好是反義詞；而humiliate卻是“使人蒙塵”的意思，humiliate和humiliating 一般口語使用偏多，指的是“感覺很丟臉，沒有面子”。例如：I feel humiliated 或者 it is humiliating.有時候，與其花費大量時間去記憶新單詞和詞組，都不如在已經(jīng)掌握的單詞中進行聯(lián)想性的擴展來的有效和實惠。其實道理很簡單，說一個東西好，很好，到非常好，相當好，甚至好到不能再好，這是一個縱向比較的記憶方法，按照級別的不同進行選擇性的記憶和使用。

我們再看看下邊這個例子：

So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk，what a briliant mission!

這句話是某英文網(wǎng)站對神舟七號的評價，這個屬于句子的倒裝，但是強調(diào)的內(nèi)容是amazing。這個詞意思很廣泛，而且同義詞也有很多，例如incredible, wonderful, 甚至unbelievable，這里用amazing是表示難以置信的好，類似incredible，是對太空行走這次任務(wù)完成的積極評價，這就是高級詞匯的同等記憶了，這幾個詞都有“美妙，奇妙，難以置信”之類的意思，記憶的方法屬于橫向比較，也就是說，都是表示好到不能再好之類的意思，但是好的方向不同，所以單詞的選擇會有區(qū)別。

托福寫作中句子句型的使用

我們來看看句子吧。如果說單詞是句子的靈魂，那句子就是文章的基石，而句型則是不同品質(zhì)的基石，可以讓整篇文章充滿多樣的色彩，讀起來讓人很有興趣。雖然句型的變化很多，可是針對TOEFL文章的特點，一篇接近300字的議論文，IBT在注重文章的完整性和一致性的同時，也需要文章有精彩的內(nèi)容。可是文章篇幅有限，我們僅僅需要熟練地應(yīng)用幾個不同的句型，就一定會給評分人留下很深刻的印象了

句子中的修辭

我們看看下邊的幾個例句：

1.Knowledge will never lieh

知之為知之，不知為不知，是智也。

這個句子使用了擬人的修辭手法，賦予了knowledge生命，形象化了知識的嚴謹性，同時也避免了直接翻譯的繁瑣冗長。

2.That information comes very impressively to everyone in the job market。

那一信息使所有正在找工作的人為之一震。

這個句子也間接使用了擬人的手法，人性化了Information這個詞，come可以把人們接受信息的過程表達的更生動。

3.Confidence never fails to play a significant role in your entire life

自信在你一生中扮演極其重要的角色

這個句子中never和fail表示雙重否定，用以加強肯定的成分。

這幾種句子中的修辭手法都可以使句子的意思表達起來更生動，讓人讀起來容易接受，同時也避免了直接翻譯的很多缺點。

強調(diào)句的應(yīng)用和舉例說明

孔子《論語》中的這個經(jīng)典語句可謂家喻戶曉，一句“有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎”道出了中華民族作為禮儀之邦的特點。在托福中，這句話可以應(yīng)用在關(guān)于friendship的文章，這句話直譯過來說的是：有朋友從很遠的地方來看你難道不是一件很開心的事情嗎？通過中文理解，我們知道這句話所強調(diào)的部分是：一件很開心的事情?！伴_心”有很多詞匯可以選擇，常用的有happy和glad，高級一點的有enjoyable和pleasant，再高級一點的還有incredible和delightful。應(yīng)用到實際寫作中，可以使用it is 做一個強調(diào)句來凸顯這句話的特點，例如：

It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。

在這個句子中，除了deightful以外，其他句子成分都很平常，每個人都會寫，所以即使是評卷人看到這個句子也不會覺得稀奇，那么作為強調(diào)句，恰好是delightful這個詞，代表了一種發(fā)自心底的喜悅和開心，讓讀過這個句子的人都有眼前一亮的感覺，這也就達到了強調(diào)句的作用。然而happy和glad也都有快樂之意，但是和delightful相比就顯得不夠級別了，明顯高興的程度不一樣，delightful更能顯示一種喜悅帶來的興奮，迎接千里迢迢來訪的朋友這樣的表達最恰當不過了?？梢云鸬綇娬{(diào)作用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有很多，我們能夠用到的同位語從句和倒裝句都有這樣的作用，例如：

It is an undeniable fact that human activities harm the Earth.這句話中that后邊引導(dǎo)的就是要強調(diào)的內(nèi)容，即an undeniable fact.為了突出harm the Earth是一個不可否認的事實，做成這樣一個句子。

Only through effective measures can the government resolve the dispute.這句話強調(diào)的就是only后邊的effective measures，而且翻譯過來是只有同過有效的措施，強調(diào)的唯一性，無二法門。

倒裝句子的特點就是把句子倒過來說，這樣的解釋過于直白但卻很實際。根據(jù)英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)特點，因為要強調(diào)才會選擇去倒裝。我們看看下邊的兩個例子：

1.So severe is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some feasible measures to deal with it.2.So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk.句子中劃線的部分就是倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的重點強調(diào)所在，關(guān)于倒裝句的作用，前邊已然講過，這里就不多說了。在TOEFL的具體應(yīng)用中，我們需要在寫作實踐里進行檢驗。

Only through education can we rise in the world.Only by receiving education can we rise in the world.從句什么時候使用

在托福寫作中，從句句型還是應(yīng)用比較廣泛的，常用的主語、賓語從句，定語從句，還有我們講過的同位語從句。我見過的托福寫作范文中，包括CBT和IBT的兩類作文，段落中從句出現(xiàn)的頻率都是很高的，尤其是第一段introduction中，一般做背景介紹的時候都會使用賓語從句，例如：some people claim that… 在文章的主體部分中，為了體現(xiàn)句式的變化，各種從句交替應(yīng)用就顯得很重要；即使在iBT導(dǎo)入了first draft的概念之后，對文章的內(nèi)容要求也沒有改變要求，需要體現(xiàn)完整性和統(tǒng)一性。有一點值得注意，從句雖好，但不宜過多重復(fù)，這就好像美酒雖好，但不要貪杯的道理一樣。好鋼用在刀刃上，從句的優(yōu)點是簡單句不能比擬的，但只有簡單句結(jié)合從句，才能體現(xiàn)句子的多變性；也只有全部的句子都為主題句服務(wù)，文章的整體性才會更好的體現(xiàn)。以下是議論文寫作中比較好的一些從句例子：

1.Many experts claim that people should positively participate in garbage recycle.賓語從句，一般出現(xiàn)在首段背景介紹部分。

2.Horror movies, in which there might be bleeding and terrifying scenes, are not recommended for children.定語從句，一般在主體部分中比較常見，用以解釋說明，達到簡化句子的目的。

3.As long as you are a student, you should always behave yourself.狀語從句，讓步狀語從句比較常見的使用although或者though來引導(dǎo)，這里介紹一個使用as long as來引導(dǎo)的句子，這個例句可以解釋成做一天和尚撞一天鐘。

4.When it comes to psychology, most people believe that it is a behavioral study.時間狀語從句，例句中的應(yīng)用表示了“當談到…的時候”，這是一種美式英語中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的句式，口語和書面語都可以使用，推薦各位掌握。

諺語的選擇和使用方法

諺語，即proverb。很多都陪伴我們一路成長，有很多的警世名言都可以應(yīng)用到寫作中，可以給你的文章提升說服力。諺語的應(yīng)用一般要注意一下幾點：

第一，要考慮到東西方文化的差異。畢竟我們的文章是給外國友人欣賞的，所以要注意諺語的背景。說句不客氣的話，我們上下五千年的歷史長河里流淌了太多的文化，有太多東西讓這些可愛的閱卷人看不懂了。

例如：no pain, no gain 不勞無獲，no sacrifice , no gain 不入虎穴，焉得虎子

這兩個no…no…的成語很多人都知道，其含義可以被全世界人接受，所以在TOEFL的文章中被頻繁使用。但是，no hunt, no bark 這個成語，直譯過來是說不去打獵就不需要聽到狗叫了，成語里的典故講的是韓信說過的一句話：鳥盡弓藏，兔死狗烹。這句話我們很容易理解，而因為文化背景的區(qū)別，從原文理解起來對西方邏輯有點困難，所以不建議各位在托福的寫作中應(yīng)用。

第二，學會靈活地運用諺語。挑選諺語是第一步，接下來的就是你如何去使用它了。比較常見的是作為主旨句出現(xiàn)在段落之中，這個前邊提到了一些，例如：Knowledge will never lie 和It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。表示友誼重要性的還有Friendship never sinks即友誼之船永不沉沒，等等。

以下提供一些寫作中比較常見的好的諺語，希望各位斟酌使用。

Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

Patience is the road to understanding 理解萬歲

All roads lead to Rome 條條大路通羅馬

Attitudes define everything.態(tài)度決定一切

Every coin has its two sides.有利有弊

One’s meat is another’s poison.己所不欲，勿施于人

講了這么多的句型和從句，應(yīng)用起來也要注意方法，切忌移花接木，強買強賣。我見過很多考生喜歡寫強調(diào)句，因為格式簡單，模仿起來也容易，但是如果在每一個段落都出現(xiàn)倒裝或者強調(diào)句，那也就不能凸現(xiàn)強調(diào)的意義了，反而讓人感覺重復(fù)，索然無味。有些時候文章的段落里是不需要大篇幅應(yīng)用從句的，強行介入的從句反而會使句子讀起來文字繁冗羅列，好像負擔很重的樣子；諺語的使用要謹慎小心，合理的使用可以讓閱卷人對你佩服的五體投地，盲目的應(yīng)用可能會讓人曲解你所表達的意思，所以我們不要做畫蛇添足的事，對于TOEFL文章而言，更多精力要放在段落的整體性上，不需要應(yīng)用的語法和詞匯就干脆不用，寧缺毋濫。

構(gòu)思協(xié)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)配合論證，論證揣摩方法，文章才會有整體感和說服力；單詞組成句子，句子形成段落，段落構(gòu)成文章，不僅僅針對TOEFL，任何一篇好的文章都不是一個孤立的個體，而是一點一滴積累起來的，有一種群擁而起的感覺。文章中閃光的詞匯和句型，都是點滴的精華，使得你的文章可以讓人讀后有一種賞心悅目的感覺，如果這樣的話，你的作文就成功了，因為只有讀者說好的文章才是真正意義上的好文章。

以下貢獻一篇IBT托福的議論文范文，文章結(jié)構(gòu)上遵循規(guī)則，總分總的格式貫穿到底。內(nèi)容上句式尋求清晰明了，語言也符合first draft的要求，論證則以例證為主導(dǎo)，通篇閱讀下來有很好的整體性, 推薦各位考生模仿。

Private highway or Public transportation

I believe that our government should spend more money on transportation.Here is why.First of all, public transportation such as buses and subways can deliver a great amount of people at the same time.For instance, subways can always transfer hundreds of people to their destinations as soon as possible.Long distance buses will give a handful of help to many people who work in a different city as they live.In addition, local buses are heroes for making our everyday life easier.Secondly, public transportation can effectively relieve the traffic congestion in rush hour.For example, living in a metropolitan like New York or Toronto, people are highly recommended to take public transportation.Not only the gasoline price today is scaring people away, but they always agree that it can take them forever to get out of a traffic jam in rush hour.Last but not least, buses and subways today are typically powered by low emission fuels and even electricity.The government should realize that this will make a great contribution to the city’s environment.In the other hand, environmental problem has been raised as a global concern.I think our government should not consider the future impact of car emissions at last;otherwise they will eventually spend more money from their budget to save the environment.As a matter of fact, highway improvement is somehow required as well.Nowadays, in the city I am living, almost every family owns a car.My parents are living outside the city, they drive to work everyday.In holidays, they will invite me to have a trip.We can plan the trip wherever we want to go.People have more freedom to travel with cars, and it turns out that highways are always occupied during weekend.To conclude, public transportation requires more attention from our government.For instance, such as the quality of buses, the appropriate increase of routes and the safety concerns.