第一篇：馬丁·路德·金《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》實(shí)用導(dǎo)學(xué)案
《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》導(dǎo)學(xué)案
一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
1.了解馬丁路德金的生平及思想，了解本篇演講辭的相關(guān)背景。2.反復(fù)誦讀，品位語(yǔ)言，感受激情。
二、快樂(lè)自學(xué)
（一）知識(shí)鏈接
1、馬丁·路德·金
馬丁·路德·金（1929～1968）美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖。其政治主張的核心是非暴力主義。金一生都在為美國(guó)黑人爭(zhēng)取平等自由的權(quán)利而不懈斗爭(zhēng)，曾三次被捕，三次被判刑。1964年，金被授予諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。1968年4月，前往田納西州領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工人罷工時(shí)，遇刺身亡，年僅39歲。
1963年8月28日，二十五萬(wàn)黑人在華盛頓特區(qū)林肯紀(jì)念堂前舉行盛大集會(huì)，馬丁·路德·金在會(huì)上發(fā)表了著名的《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》的演講。金是出色的演說(shuō)家，被譽(yù)為“黑人之音”。美國(guó)《展示》雜志將他評(píng)為近百年世界最具說(shuō)服力的演說(shuō)家之一。
從1986年起，美國(guó)政府將每年1月的第三個(gè)星期一定為馬丁·路德·金全國(guó)紀(jì)念日。（這是美國(guó)三個(gè)紀(jì)念個(gè)人的法定假日之一，另外兩個(gè)是紀(jì)念歐洲人發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸的哥倫布日，和紀(jì)念前總統(tǒng)林肯和華盛頓的總統(tǒng)節(jié)。）1987年，馬丁·路德·金的誕生日亦被聯(lián)合國(guó)定為紀(jì)念日。
2、林肯·Ａ
林肯·Ａ（1861～1865），1860年當(dāng)選為美國(guó)第16任總統(tǒng)，曾多次被評(píng)價(jià)為最偉大的總統(tǒng)。林肯就任總統(tǒng)期間，美國(guó)爆發(fā)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，史稱南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。林肯廢除了南方叛亂諸州的奴隸制度，頒布《宅地法》和《解放黑奴宣言》，最終擊敗分裂勢(shì)力，取得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利。在南方軍隊(duì)投降后五天，林肯總統(tǒng)在華盛頓福特劇院被暴徒槍殺。
3、美國(guó)黑人背景資料
黑人是美洲大陸的特殊居民。他們祖籍非洲，十六、十七世紀(jì)起，被殖民者從非洲大陸大批販賣(mài)到美洲，成為種植園中的奴隸，受到各種非人的待遇。這種狀況持續(xù)了一個(gè)多世紀(jì)。1783年，美國(guó)的建國(guó)者決定廢除奴隸貿(mào)易。1862年，美國(guó)南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，總統(tǒng)林肯簽署了《解放黑奴宣言》，黑人獲得法律上的自由。
但是，直到二十世紀(jì)五六十年代，美國(guó)的種族歧視和種族壓迫仍然十分嚴(yán)重，黑人仍然是美國(guó)社會(huì)的二等公民。他們掙扎在社會(huì)的底層，生活貧困，得
不到良好的教育，不能參加投票和選舉，不能像白人一樣享有人格自由和活動(dòng)自由。尤其在南方諸州，黑人不能在白人開(kāi)的餐館就餐，甚至在公共汽車(chē)上，黑人只能坐在后車(chē)廂，車(chē)的中部雖然允許黑人坐，但有白人上車(chē)，黑人必須給白人讓座。在這種情況下，美國(guó)黑人以爭(zhēng)取平等自由為目標(biāo)，發(fā)起了聲勢(shì)浩大的民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)。馬丁·路德·金就是其中最杰出的領(lǐng)袖。
（二）預(yù)學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)
1、給以下加點(diǎn)字注音，利用課下注釋和工具書(shū)解釋詞語(yǔ)。祈禱．．（qí dǎo）鐐銬．．（liào kào）枷．鎖（ji?。┪?/p>
縮（wěi suō）締．造者（dì）履．行（lǚ）戳．子（chuō）侈．談（chǐ）磐．石（pán）心急如焚．（fén）嶄．新（zhǎn）蛻．變（tuì）匿．跡（nì）蜿蜒．．（wān yán）拯．救（zhěng）贖．罪（shú）駭．
（hài）人聽(tīng)聞:使人聽(tīng)了感到十分震驚。義憤填膺．（．y．ī．ng．．）．:形容心中充滿了憤怒。安之若素:對(duì)于危困境地或異常情況，一如平常，泰然處之。大失所望:原來(lái)的希望全部落空。侈談:夸大而不切實(shí)際地談?wù)?。蛻?(人或事物)發(fā)生質(zhì)變;衰變。
搖搖欲墜:搖擺晃動(dòng)，就掉下去的樣子。多形容情勢(shì)危急或地位不穩(wěn)。不言而喻:不用解釋就可以明白。形容道理顯而易見(jiàn)。
2、通讀本篇演講辭，結(jié)合文章，思考以下問(wèn)題。時(shí)間：1963年8月28日。
地點(diǎn)：華盛頓特區(qū)在林肯紀(jì)念堂前組織25萬(wàn)黑人的集會(huì)上。對(duì)象：主要是黑人，同時(shí)也包括一部分白人及美國(guó)政府。目的：進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)展，使廣大黑人獲得法律所賦予的民主、自由、平等的權(quán)利。
3、概述本篇演講辭的主要內(nèi)容。
第一部分（1—6段）作者從一百年前林肯總統(tǒng)簽署的《解放黑奴宣言》講起，過(guò)渡到黑人如今悲慘的生活現(xiàn)狀，明確要求美國(guó)政府兌現(xiàn)民主諾言。
第二部分（7—16段）作者提醒黑人同胞們，要用非暴力的方式爭(zhēng)取合法的權(quán)利；同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)他們堅(jiān)持到底，不要絕望。
第三部分（17—32段）全文的高潮部分。作者表達(dá)了對(duì)夢(mèng)想的強(qiáng)烈渴望和期待，呼吁種族平等、人格尊嚴(yán)和兄弟般的情誼早日到來(lái)！
（三）討論環(huán)節(jié)（課前請(qǐng)簡(jiǎn)略作答）
1、本篇演講的題目是《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》，那么，“我”是什么身份？“我”的“夢(mèng)想”是什么呢？請(qǐng)給每個(gè)段落標(biāo)上序號(hào)，勾畫(huà)出含有“夢(mèng)想”的句子。
2、馬丁·路德·金主張以什么樣的方式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想呢？
3、馬丁·路德·金為什么會(huì)有這樣的夢(mèng)想呢？
4、當(dāng)我們?cè)谧x有關(guān)“夢(mèng)想”的段落時(shí)，體會(huì)到作者什么樣的情感？
5、《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》堪稱演講辭的經(jīng)典之作，你覺(jué)得它何以獲得如此盛譽(yù)，魅力何在？
第二篇：我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想 馬丁.路德.金
Lesson 15 I Have A Dream by Martin Luther King
我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想 馬丁.路德.金 I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation wil1 rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident;that all men are created equa1.”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former s1aveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood;I have a dream...That one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice;I have a dream...That my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character;I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers;I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, and rough places will be made plane and crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!But not only that;let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring!
root ??? n.根 v.(使)扎根
creed ????? n.信條
self-evident adj.不言而喻的brotherhood ?? n.手足情誼
swelter ??? v.(使)悶熱
injustice ??n.不公平
oasis ?? n.綠洲
vicious ??adj.惡毒的,不道德的racist ?? n.種旅主義者
interposition ? n.插入
nullification ??n.廢棄
exalt???v.晉升
crooked ??adj.彎曲的glory ? n.榮譽(yù)
reveal ? v.揭露
hew ??v.砍
despair ? n.絕望
jangle ??v.刺耳作響 n.吵嚷
discord ?? n.不一致, 不和諧
symphony ?? n.交響樂(lè)
curvaceous?? adj.曲線美的slope ?? n.斜坡
molehill ???n.山丘
mountainside ?? n.山岡, 山腰
1963年8月28日 朋友們，今天我要對(duì)你們說(shuō)，盡管今天和明天困難重重，但我依然懷有一個(gè)夢(mèng)。這個(gè)夢(mèng)深植于美國(guó)夢(mèng)之中。
我夢(mèng)想有一天，這個(gè)國(guó)家將會(huì)奮起，實(shí)現(xiàn)其立國(guó)信條的真諦：“我們認(rèn)為這些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。”
我夢(mèng)想有一天，在佐治亞州的紅色山岡上，昔日奴隸的兒子能夠同昔日奴隸主的兒子同席而坐，親如手足；
我夢(mèng)想有一天甚至連密西西比州，一個(gè)非正義和壓迫的熱浪逼人的荒漠之州，也會(huì)改造成自由和公正的青青綠洲；
我夢(mèng)想有一天,我的四個(gè)小兒女將生活在一個(gè)不是以膚色，而是以品格的優(yōu)劣作為評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的國(guó)家里；我今天懷有一個(gè)夢(mèng)。
我夢(mèng)想有一天，亞拉巴馬州會(huì)有所改變--盡管那兒種族主義者猖獗，盡管該州州長(zhǎng)仍在滔滔不絕地說(shuō)什么要對(duì)聯(lián)邦法令提出異議和拒絕執(zhí)行，但總有一天，那兒的黑人兒童能夠與白人兒童兄弟姐妹般地?cái)y手并行；我今天懷有一個(gè)夢(mèng)。我夢(mèng)想有一天，深谷彌合，高山夷平，崎路化坦途，曲徑成通衢，上帝的光華再現(xiàn)，普天下生靈共謁。
這就是我們的希望，這就是我將帶回南方去的信念。有了這個(gè)信念，我們就能從絕望之山開(kāi)采出希望之石。有了這個(gè)信念，我們就能把這個(gè)國(guó)家嘈雜刺耳的爭(zhēng)吵聲，變?yōu)槌錆M手足之情的悅耳交響曲。有了這個(gè)信念，我們就能一同工作，一同祈禱，一同斗爭(zhēng)，一同入獄，一同維護(hù)自由。因?yàn)槲覀冎溃覀兘K有一天會(huì)獲得自由。讓自由之聲響徹科羅拉多白雪皚皚的洛基山！讓自由之聲響徹加利福尼亞州的婀娜群峰！不，不僅如此；讓自由之聲響徹佐治亞州的石山！讓自由之聲響徹田納西州的瞭望山！
讓自由之聲響徹密西西比州的一座座山峰，一個(gè)個(gè)土丘。讓自由之聲響徹每一個(gè)山岡！
第三篇：《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》——馬丁.路德.金
Martin Luther King, Jr.: I Have a Dream
Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C.on August 28, 1963.Source: Martin Luther King, Jr: The peaceful Warrior, pocket Books, NY 1968
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.In a sense we have come to our nations capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked insufficient funds.But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.So we have come to cash this check--a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of Gods children.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro.This sweltering summer of the Negros legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice.In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.we must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.We cannot turn back.There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, When will you be satisfied? we can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negros basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow cells.Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governors lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith with which I return to the South.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.This will be the day when all of Gods children will be able to sing with a new meaning, My country, tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrims pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring.And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of pennsylvania!Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California!But not only that;let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!Let freedom ring from every hill and every molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring.When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, Free at last!free at last!thank God Almighty, we are free at last!
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第四篇：馬丁·路德金演講稿：《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》
GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS
馬丁·路德·金 簡(jiǎn)介
馬丁·路德·金（英語(yǔ)：Martin Luther King, Jr.，1929年1月15日－1968年4月4日），著名的美國(guó)民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖。1948年大學(xué)畢業(yè)。1948年到1951年間，在美國(guó)東海岸的費(fèi)城繼續(xù)深造。1963年，馬丁·路德·金晉見(jiàn)了肯尼迪總統(tǒng)，要求通過(guò)新的民權(quán)法，給黑人以平等的權(quán)利。1963年8月28日在林肯紀(jì)念堂前發(fā)表《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》的演說(shuō)。1964諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)獲得者。1968年4月，馬丁·路德·金前往孟菲斯市領(lǐng)導(dǎo)工人罷工被人刺殺，年僅39歲。1986年起美國(guó)政府將每年1月的第三個(gè)星期一定為馬丁路德金全國(guó)紀(jì)念日。
1929年1月15日，小馬丁·路德·金出生在美國(guó)亞特蘭大市奧本街501號(hào)，一幢維多利亞式的小樓里。他的父親是牧師，母親是教師。他從母親那里學(xué)會(huì)了怎樣去愛(ài)、同情和理解他人；從父親那里學(xué)到了果敢、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、率直和坦誠(chéng)。但他在黑人區(qū)生活，也感受到人格的尊嚴(yán)和作為黑人的痛苦。15歲時(shí)，聰穎好學(xué)的金以優(yōu)異成績(jī)進(jìn)入摩爾豪斯學(xué)院攻讀社會(huì)學(xué)，后獲得文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。
盡管美國(guó)戰(zhàn)后經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展很快，強(qiáng)大的政治、軍事力量使它登上了“自由世界”盟主的交椅?？蓢?guó)內(nèi)黑人卻在經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治上受到歧視與壓迫。面對(duì)丑惡的現(xiàn)實(shí)，金立志為爭(zhēng)取社會(huì)平等與正義作一名牧師。他先后就讀于克拉澤神學(xué)院和波士頓大學(xué)，于1955年獲神學(xué)博士學(xué)位后，到亞拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利市得克斯基督教浸禮會(huì)教堂作牧師。1955年12月，蒙哥馬利節(jié)警察當(dāng)局以違反公共汽車(chē)座位隔離條令為由，逮捕了黑人婦女羅莎·帕克斯。金遂同幾位黑人積極分子組織起
College Of Tourism Management GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS
“蒙哥馬利市政改進(jìn)協(xié)會(huì)”，號(hào)召全市近5萬(wàn)名黑人對(duì)公共法與公司進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)達(dá)1年的抵制，迫使法院判決取消地方運(yùn)輸工具上的座位隔離。這是美國(guó)南部黑人第一次以自己的力量取得斗爭(zhēng)勝利，從而揭開(kāi)了持續(xù)10余年的民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的序幕，也使金博士鍛煉成民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的領(lǐng)袖。
1968年4月4日，金被種族分子暗殺。
美國(guó)政府規(guī)定，從1986年起，每年1月的第3個(gè)星期一為小馬丁·路德·金全國(guó)紀(jì)念日。
College Of Tourism Management
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