第一篇：高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末考試試題(附答案)
海南中學(xué)2016-2017學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試
高二英語(yǔ)試題
第一部分 聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從試題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1.How does the man feel? A.Worried.B.Satisfied.C.Regretful.2.What was the regular price of one bag? A.300 dollars.B.600 dollars.C.450 dollars.3.Why hasn’t the woman seen the man recently? A.He has changed his job.B.He has been too busy.C.He has been out of town.4.Who might be promoted to the president of the company? A.Alden.B.Bruce.C.Kevin.5.What does the woman want the man to do? A.Carry the box for her.B.Hold the door open for her.C.Open the box for her.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6.What is the wrong with the bedroom air-conditioner? A.It is old.B.It is noisy.C.It doesn’t cool.7.Which of the following was fixed last year? A.The washing machine.B.The sofa.C.The refrigerator.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。
8.Why doesn’t the man want to go to Cebu? A.He’d rather take one flight.B.It is too expensive.C.The weather is too bad there.9.Where will the man probably choose to go in the end? A.Bali.B.Manila.C.Jakarta.10.What can we know from the dialogue? A.The man has been to Bali.B.The man’s wife has been to Bali.C.The woman probably works at a travel agency.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。
11.What did the man’s terrible day begin with? A.Picking up his dry cleaning.B.Having breakfast with Nina.C.Taking a bus downtown.12.Why did the man go to the clinic? A.His ear was cut at the barber’s.B.He had a hearing problem.C.He got into a fight with Jack.13.What happened to the man that day? A.He was fired by his boss.B.He missed an important meeting.C.He was too early for work.2
聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14.When is the deadline for the contest? A.April 21st.B.April 22nd.C.March 22nd.15.What prevents the man’s father from taking part in the contest? A.His age.B.His occupation.C.His nationality.16.What is in the picture taken by Amelia Rehrman? A.A lot of people.B.The front yard of a house.C.A little girl.17.How old is Amelia Rehrman now? A.12 years old.B.11 years old.C.13 years old.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。
18.How long did Steve Jobs fight against cancer? A.About nine years.B.About five years.C.About seven years.19.What did Steve Jobs always say? A.Do what you love.B.Do what you can.C.Do what you should.20.How did Barack Obama describe Jobs? A.Successful and popular.B.Brave, bold and talented.C.Passive energetic.and 海南中學(xué)2016-2017學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試
高二英語(yǔ)試題
第一卷
二、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共10小題：每小題2分，滿分20分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A Londoners are great readers.They buy vast numbers of newspapers and magazines and of books---especially paperbacks, which are still comparatively cheap in spite of ever-increasing rises in the costs of printing.They still continue to buy “proper” books, too, printed on good paper and bound（裝訂）between hard covers.There are many streets in London containing shops which specialize in book-selling.Perhaps the best known of these is Charring Cross Road in the very heart of London.Here bookshops of all sorts and sizes are to be found, from the celebrated one which boasts of being “the biggest bookshop in the world” to the tiny, dusty little places which seem to have been left over from Dickens’ time.Some of these shops stock, or will obtain, any kind of book, but many of them specialize in second-hand books, in art books, in foreign books, in books on philosophy, politics or any other of the countless subjects about which books may be written.One shop in this area specializes only in books about ballet!Although it may be the most convenient place for Londoners to buy books, Charring Cross Road is not the cheapest.For the really cheap second-hand books, the collector must venture off the beaten track, to Farringdon Road, for example, in the East Central district of London.Here there is nothing so impressive as bookshops.The booksellers come along each morning and pour out their sacks of books onto small hand carts.And the collectors, some professionals and some amateurs, have been waiting for them.In places like this they can still, occasionally, pick up for a few pence an old one that may be worth many pounds.21.“Londoners are great readers” means that _____.A.Londoners read a lot
B.There are a great number of readers in London C.Londoners are readers who read only great books D.Londoners are great because they read a lot 22.According to this passage, Charring Cross Road _____.A.is famous for its bookshops
B.is in the suburbs of London C.contains various kinds of shops
D.is the busiest street in London 23.In this passage, what does the underlined part “venture off the beaten track” mean? A.buy books in a most busy street
B.take a risk of losing one’s life C.waste time looking for books
D.move away from a busy street 24.On Farringdon Road, ____.A.you can find fine bookshops for the latest books
B.you can see book sellers selling books on hand-carts C.there are only small bookshops for the second-hand books D.the same books as the ones in the bookshops of Charring Cross Road are sold
B The scene in the Hollywood movie The Day After Tomorrow, where global warming could soon turn the global climate into a new ice age may never occur, according to new research.The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a continuous record of 740,000 years of climate data obtained from the Antarctic（南極）ice.Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3000-meter depth of ice high in the Antarctic mainland.They figure out that the area where summer temperatures can fall to-40℃,has at least 900, 000 years of snowfalls, kept as neatly as the growth rings of a tree.And the ice and air caught in each layer have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past.The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740 000 years and eight warmer periods.And by comparing the pattern of global condition today with those of the past, the researchers reported in Nature that the present warm period could last another 15 000 years.Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average temperatures.It also shows that carbon dioxide levels are the highest for at least 440 000 years.“If people say to you: the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into ice age otherwise, our data say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads,” said Eric Wolff from the British Antarctic Survey.“Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and out of ice ages...and you can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future.”
Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level.“In 440 000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today,” said Dr Wolff.25.In drilling through the ice in Antarctica, scientists have found that____.A.the lowest temperature there is-40℃ B.the depth of ice is 3000 meters C.snowfalls are kept in certain patterns D.the ice has existed for 15,000 years 26.The information of the global climate conditions in the past can be obtained through ____.A.separating carbon dioxide from the air B.examining the growth rings of trees C.comparing temperatures in different areas D.studying the ice and air caught in each layer 27.We can infer from Eric Wolff's words that____.A.there is something wrong with the data B.greenhouse effect is always a bad thing C.greenhouse gas will get thick in the future D.a new ice age will not come in the near future
C Babies are born yogis.Once we were all able to pull our toes up by our ears and laugh about it.Then we aged, got injured, and began carrying stress in our shoulders and back.In short, we lost our balance.Yoga（瑜伽）is an ancient practice that helps create a sense of union in body, mind, and spirit.It brings us balance.I was seriously out of balance when I started practicing yoga in 1999.I had plantar fascitis(足底筋膜炎)in both feet, and my doctor had warned me against all the things I loved to do: walking, hiking, and playing tennis.I was desperate for exercise.Yoga became my salvation(拯救)and even enhanced my other fitness activities.I practice yoga at least twice a week, but I consider yoga to be part of my daily life because after a while you no longer just practice yoga—you love it.Yoga becomes part of your physical life.Your body grows stronger, more toned, and more flexible as you move from one pose to the other.I spent a week in Mexico at a yoga retreat(靜修), and it was the first vacation on which I lost weight.“Rather than building muscle, yoga builds muscle tone,” says Shakta Kaur Khalsa, author of the K.I.S.S.Guide to Yoga.“Because yoga helps maintain a balanced metabolism(新陳代謝), it also helps to regulate weight.Additionally, yoga stretches muscles lengthwise, causing fat to be removed around the cells.” I do yoga poses throughout the day.After hours at my computer, I stretch my stiff shoulders and arms.When I need a boost of energy, I do energizing poses.When I am feeling exhausted at the end of the day, I do restorative poses.Yoga becomes part of your mental life.Yoga teaches you to focus on breathing while you hold the poses.This attention to breath is calming;it dissolves stress and worries.I use yogic breathing on the tennis courts, in the dentist’s chair, and in traffic jams.You should always leave a yoga practice feeling energized, not tired.If you feel tired after yoga, it means you spent the time “fighting” yourself, trying to force yourself into poses.In yoga, you “surrender” to the pose by letting go of the tension.Yoga becomes part of your spiritual life.Yoga is practiced by people from all religions;it is not restricted to any religious group.Yoga teaches “right” living in how we deal with ourselves and others.As I work on a difficult pose, I learn patience, forgiveness, and the value of gentleness.Yoga advocates proper eating, but you don’t have to be a vegetarian to practice yoga.28.What would be the best title for this passage? A.What’s Yoga?
C.How I Do Yoga Poses
29.People
feel
B.The Benefits of Yoga
D.The Varieties of Yoga
tired
after
yoga
because _____.A.they respond well to yoga poses B.they force themselves into yoga poses.C.they spend too much time on yoga
D.they consume energy in practicing yoga 30.If this passage continues, what will the writer most probably write about in the next paragraph?
A.Yoga as a means to keep fit.B.Different yoga poses.C.Popularity of yoga all over the world.D.Encouraging people to do yoga.第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2分, 滿分10分）
信息填空: 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
__31__ Many things can become distractions(分散注意力的事).Your ability to focus your mind, emotions and physical movements will directly influence your success.Staying focused on the task at hand can be easier said than done.Here are some powerful techniques that can help you improve your ability to focus.For physical control, it helps to have a constant exercise schedule.__32__ Exercising helps you gain better command of your body, and even goes beyond the body, giving you more flexibility not just physically but also emotionally and mentally.When you feel more comfortable in your body, you increase your self-confidence, which helps you feel more relaxed.For mental control, meditation(沉思；冥想)does the task.__33__ It’s easy to get distracted by things in your background, but in order to perform well you have to maintain a high degree of focus.When you relax your thoughts it trains your mind to deal effectively with outside distractions so you can stay centered on what matters most at the moment._34__ It prevents you from overreaction and also from overacting.When your emotions settle down, you gain greater awareness of the environment you’re in, and feel calm and in control._35__ The good thing is that self-control can be developed.Start exercising frequently, get yourself into meditation, and start to feel positive changes in your career and your life in general.A.There are many benefits of exercising.B.In short, focus requires self-control.C.There are still some disadvantages of exercise.D.Focus is an important part of success and achievement in general.E.Your emotions are well served by meditation as well.F.It helps block out all the noise and activities that are going on around you.G.In meditation, people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath.三、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Growing up at a distance – geographical and emotional – from my unfriendly father meant I always doubted his feelings for me.Until his final few days…...I grew up completely lacking hugs.36 of my parents was the cuddly(令人想擁抱的)type.Greetings involving kissing embarrassed me, and hugging generally just made me feel 37.Then one hug 38 all that.One month before my 40th birthday my dad had a heart surgery.As he came 39 , days later, he grabbed me and hugged me so 40 that I had to push with all my might(力氣)to 41 my head from pressing down on his newly stitched(縫合)chest.It was a hug to 42 all those we had never had.Days later as he slowly started to gain 43 , he told me for the first time ever that he 44 me, and through my tears I told him I loved him too.I began planning how to bake him better – with carrot cakes, victoria sponges, jelly and ice cream.And I imagined wheeling him through the park and feeding him home-made goodies.Then he 45.I felt cheated.All my life I had 46 whether my dad loved me – I doubted it.Just as I got 47 that he did, he passed away.My parents 48 when I was two years old and, while I had monthly contact with my dad, I used to 49 the visits to see him and my bitter stepmother and count the hours until I could go home again.Each stay 50 in an uncomfortable slight and quick kiss on the cheek from Dad as he said goodbye—a moment I felt embarrassed and uncomfortable about for hours in advance.51 , standing beside the hospital bed watching my sleeping father was painful.I felt like a little girl at his bedside, 52 to talk to him yet again.I became fixated(異常依戀)with his fingers—fat and soft, lying gently beside him.Slowly they transformed from fleshy sausages to stone—white and immovable.It was his fingers 53 told me he had gone from this life.54 time moving on, my sadness and anger at his untimely death began to fade.I realized that his statement of me from his deathbed had filled a gaping hole of insecurity I had constantly carried around.Dad's hug had a great effect on me.It carried me along a path from childhood to adulthood, At last I am my own woman and one who loves
better than a good old-fashioned hug． 36.A.None 37.A.puzzled 38.A.changed 39.A.off
B.Neither B.happy
C.Each C.awkward
D.Both
D.relaxed
D.proved
B.decided
C.supported
B.round B.hard
C.out D.up D.gently D.protect D.make out
D.power D.respected
D.smiled 40.A.hardly 41.A.preserve
C.gentle C.avoid B.keep
42.A.make up B.make up for 43.A.force B.strength
C.make up of
C.energy
44.A.missed B.hated 45.A.died 46.A.realized B.slept
C.loved
C.recovered
B.forgotten
C.remembered
D.wondered 47.A.information B.opinion 48.A.gave up
C.idea
D.proof
D.woke up B.stayed up C.broke up 49.A.be afraid of B.be eager for to 50.A.began B.ended B.Moreover
C.be dying for D.be addicted
C.remained D.started D.Besides 51.A.However
C.Therefore 52.A.unhappy 53.A.what 54.A.As
B.unexpected B.where B.With
C.unable C.that
D.unwilling
D.which
C.Although C.something
D.Since D.everything 55.A.nothing B.anything
第II卷
注意：請(qǐng)將答案寫在答題卡的框內(nèi)，寫在試卷上或答題卡框外無(wú)效。
四、課文填空(每空1分，共計(jì)15分)請(qǐng)嚴(yán)格按照課文原文填空
A At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were 56 , but today they are accepted as the beginning of 57 we call “modern art”.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.There are 58 of modern art styles, but 59 the Impressionists, many of these paintings might not exist.B I was 60 asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train 61 my window.Having experienced quite a few 62 in Hawaii already, I didn’t take much notice.I was about to go back to sleep 63 I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance.There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was 64 hundreds of metres into the air.It was an 65 fantastic sight.C 1.We use a lot of energy in our houses.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance 66 so long as you are not using it---if not, turn them off!Don’t be 67 about this.2.Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if 68 allow you to.It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials.So if you can, buy things from 69 materials.3.Finally and most 70 , be an educator.Talk with your family and friends about global warming and tell them what you have learned.五、語(yǔ)法填空（(每空1分，共計(jì)10分)在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式(不超過(guò)3個(gè)詞)。71.Climbing up Changbaishan left the tourists feeling _________(breathe)and weak.72.___________________(shoot)by mistake in the hunt, the hunter was taken to hospital immediately.73.I would appreciate ________ if you could teach me how to appreciate those abstract paintings on display.74.If I had had enough money on me, I ______________(sponsor)your project that day.75.Listening to music is a good way to lower your level of __________(anxious).76.Please tell me ________ it is that you bought the copy of Tagore’s poem collection.I will go and buy one, too.77.Working with SARS patients day and night, the nurses risked ____________(infect)with the virus.78.How does it come about ____________ the level of water in the well rises and falls these days? 79.“I suppose we’d better make a move.” he said, _______(glance)at his watch.80.I was down the crater taking measurements ____________ the ground began to tremble.六、單句改錯(cuò)（(共10小題：每小題各1分，共10分)錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。按以下要求進(jìn)行修改：
1）增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏詞符號(hào)（∧），并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞； 2）刪詞：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉；
3）修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一條橫線，并在該橫線下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：
1、每處錯(cuò)誤及修改均僅限一詞;
2、凡答題不符合規(guī)定要求的計(jì)零分！
81.We need some high-tech equipments for keeping the temperature steady.82.It was him who won the championship at the poem writing competition.83.With more and more cars running on the road, huge quantities of carbon dioxide is being emitted.84.Who was it that responsible for the car accident? 85.The plan we were opposed to working well in the other school.86.I would rather you didn’t hurt her the other day.87.All the tickets had been sold out, we had to leave disappointedly.88.Luckily, we’d brought a road map with which we would have lost our way.89.The student was so naughty that my patience ran out of at last.90.Resulted in great loss, Typhoon Rammasun has been considered the strongest in the past few decades.七、書面表達(dá)：
假設(shè)你是我校2015級(jí)中英班學(xué)生Johnson。最近你發(fā)現(xiàn)同學(xué)們帶食物進(jìn)教室，造成塑料垃圾泛濫。請(qǐng)你給校國(guó)際交流中心鐘主任寫信，反映這一現(xiàn)象，并就如何減少校園塑料垃圾，改善校園環(huán)境提出建議。
要點(diǎn)：1.校園塑料垃圾泛濫的現(xiàn)象和影響 2.你的建議
要求：1.字?jǐn)?shù)100左右。開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文流暢。
Dear Ms Zhong，I am Johnson, a student from the 2015 A level Class in our school.——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Yours sincerely, Johnson
答案
一、聽力：1-5 CCBAA 6-10 BAAAC 11-15 AABAA 16-20 CACAB
二、閱讀: 21-24 AADB 25-27 CDD 28-30 BBD 31-35 DAFEB
三、完形填空：36-55：BCABB DBBCA DDCAB ACCBA
四、課文填空：56.controversial 59.without
57.what
58.scores
60.fast 61.passing 64.fountaining
67.casual
70.importantly 62.earthquakes 63.when 65.absolutely
66.on
68.circumstances 69 recycled
五、語(yǔ)法填空： 71.breathless
72.Having been shot或者Shot 73.it 75.anxiety
78.that
76.where
79.glancing 74.would have sponsored 77.being infected 80.when
六、改錯(cuò)：
81.equipments?equipment 82.him?he 83.is?are 84./ was responsible
85.working?worked
86.didn’t?hadn’t
87.had?having 或者加so 90.Resulted?Resulting
七、Possible version: Dear Ms Zhong，88.with?without 89.去掉of I am Johnson, a student from the 2015 A level Class in our school.Recently, I find that more and more students are taking food into the classrooms, packed in plastic bags, cups, and boxes.Therefore, our dustbins are all overfilled with plastic rubbish, which will float everywhere with the wind.This not only dirties our campus but also results in white pollution, causing damage to the environment.I think it’s high time we should take action.First of all, the school canteens should stop using plastics for food packing.Secondly, we should make rules that ban students from taking food into classrooms.Thirdly, we can hold an exhibition presenting the harmful effects of white pollution.With more students knowing the harm of plastics and fewer students eating and drinking in the classrooms, the use of plastics will be effectively controlled.Hope my suggestions will be useful.I am glad to do something for the improvement of our school environment.Yours sincerely, Johnson
第二篇：高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末考試試題12
濟(jì)南一中2016—2017學(xué)第一學(xué)期期末考試
高二英語(yǔ)試題
本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共9頁(yè)。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡和答題紙一并交回。注意事項(xiàng)：
1．答第I卷前考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。
2．選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng), 用橡皮擦干凈后, 再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)框。不能答在本試卷上，否則無(wú)效。
第Ⅰ卷(共100分)第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。
第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。
1.What will the man do? A.Book a restaurant.B.Have a rest.C.Send out invitations.2.When will Jack’s train arrive? A.At about five.B.At about seven.C.At about nine.3.What would the man like to read about? A.Sports.B.Business.C.Local news.4.What does the man mean? A.He is not hungry now.B.He dislikes the food at the dining hall.C.He has finished dinner.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A.Their university days.B.A football match.C.A person.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽下面 5 段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題 5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出 5 秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 題。6.What is the woman going to do next? A.Go on vacation.B.Work on another novel.C.Introduce her brother to the man.7.What do we know about the man? A.He likes basketball.B.He is sitting on the sofa.C.He wears a white T-shirt.聽第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 題。8.What did the woman realize when she finished high school? A.She still had a lot to learn.B.She was more confident.C.Her life was full of trouble.9.How does the man describe himself when he was a child? A.Understanding.B.Dependent.C.Troublesome.聽第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 題。10.Where is the man? A.In Chicago.B.In New York.C.In Los Angeles.11.How will the woman go to meet the man from the airport? A.By car.B.By taxi.C.By bus.12.What does the woman ask the man to do? A.Book a hotel for her.B.Talk to the salespeople and customers.C.Spend some time with her in the center of the city.聽第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 題。13.What color is the woman’s bike? A.Green.B.Brown.C.Black.14.What does the man think of the brown bike? A.Beautiful.B.Expensive.C.Fashionable.15.Where are the speakers probably? A.In Australia.B.In Holland.C.In America.16.What does the man suggest doing next? A.Going to another shopping center.B.Asking the shop owner for help.C.Having something to drink.聽第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 題。17.When is the club open? A.From 6:00 a.m.to 11:00 p.m.B.From 6:30 to 11:15 p.m.C.From 6:30 a.m.to 11:30 p.m.18.What does the speaker suggest people do at the club? A.Swim for 25 minutes at night.B.Try swimming in the 10-meter pool.C.Relax in the steam room before swimming.19.How can people become a member? A.By visiting the club themselves.B.By signing up on the Internet.C.By making a phone call.20.What is the purpose of the message? A.To make people interested in body-building.B.To tell people a great place to exercise.C.To introduce a sports programme.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A When Frida Kahlo’s paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “a ribbon(絲帶)around a bomb”.Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time.Sadly, she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during her time.Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City, Kahlo suffered from polio(小兒麻痹癥)at the age of seven.Her spine(脊柱)become bent as she grew older.Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident.Throughout the rest of her life, the artist had many operations, but nothing was able to cure the terrible pain in her back.However, the accident had an unexpected side effect.While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist.Rivera’s strong influences on Kahlo’s style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and 1940s, even in her home country.Her first one-woman show in Mexico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlo’s works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last.21.The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by _____.A.polio B.her bent spine C.back injuries D.the operations she had 22.Kahlo’s style had become increasingly independent since the _____.A.1930s B.1940s C.1950s D.1970s 23.What is author’s attitude toward Kahlo?
A.Devotion.B.Sympathy.C.Worry.D.Encouragement.B For much of my childhood, my mother filled in the evening hours doing something for someone else.Sometimes she knitted(編織)hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors.Therefore, I wasn’t surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.“I am going to telephone seniors,” said my mother.“Every night? But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said.“What’s important is that I listen.” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers.She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely.“They will talk your ear off.Some people didn’t even stop to catch breath,” I said.My attitude didn’t decrease my mother’s enthusiasm for the project.That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed.For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner.When she finished the call, I said, “Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert?” My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze.“I’m the only person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the significance of that statement.Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make.I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day.I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator.I realize that my mother’s calls were lifelines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world.Without her, their world would have been empty.24.The writer wasn’t surprised about her mother’s decision because her mother _____.A.was a very creative person B.always devoted herself to helping others C.had nothing to do in the evening D.always got along well with the old 25.What’s the mother’s purpose of calling the seniors? A.To teach them how to make desserts.B.To kill some time in the boring night.C.To introduce some new friends to them.D.To make those old people feel less lonely.26.What does the underlined sentence “They will talk your ear off.” in Paragraph 2 mean? A.They will criticize the wrongdoings.B.They will be tired of listening to others.C.They will talk all the time on the phone.D.They will make you feel really satisfied.27.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.The author is going to be eighty years old.B.The author thinks highly of her mother’s calls.C.The author is the only person who speaks to her mother.D.The author’s dog likes stealing foods from the refrigerator.C Long ago, a man was reading the morning newspaper and noticed his name in the obituary（訃告）column.His first response was shock.After he calmed down, he sought to find out what people said about him.The obituary read, “Dynamite(炸藥)King Dies” and “He is the merchant of death”.What should be given to the man was the inventor of dynamite, but being named “the merchant of death” was not how he wanted to be remembered.After a moment of reflection, he decided to change his life purpose.He made up his mind to work towards peace.His name was Alfred Nobel and he is widely known today by the great Nobel Prize.How do you want to be remembered? While we seldom deeply think of our own mortality(死亡), reflecting on the value of our life allows us to consider what is the most important.Life can be lived at an incredible pace but we sometimes fail to recognize its significance.It is vital to make the best use of our talents, ability or gifts to serve mankind.In his book Mastery, Robert Greene states, “In the end, money and success that truly last don’t come to those who focus on such things as goals, but to those who focus on mastery and fulfilling their life tasks.” Life mirrors your commitment to contribution.What we receive in life is proportional（成比例的)to what we should give.For this reason, be careful about how and where you spend your time and energy.Life honors those who make a big difference.If we wish to be remembered after we’re gone, we must live for something deeper while still alive and play big in the game of life regardless of fame or fortune.Alfred Nobel knew that being an expert on explosive was not how he intended to live out his days, so he created a new fate.28.After reading the news about his death, Alfred Nobel ______.A.continued his research to invent dynamite B.seemed satisfied with the comments on him C.was determined to struggle for new life goals D.planned to find out who had made the mistake 29.According to the author, the most important in life lies in _____.A.reflecting on our own faults B.doing good things for people C.understanding our value in life D.fulfilling our unique potentials 30.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A.Success comes from effort and determination.B.Inner desires and potentials give people power.C.Reward is given to those who make contributions.D.Wealth and success are the same goals for all people.31.What would be the best title for this passage? A.How to Change Fate B.Where to Get Honors C.Risks and Opportunities D.Living for Significant Purpose
D We all dream to reach a certain success someday.Because of this we all are afraid of the very same thing--failure.But we should understand that we all have to experience some sort of failure in our lives.It is part of growing up and it is part of life itself.Failure does not have to always be seen as something negative.When you get to see failure in a different view, you will see that it has the power to help you get to your goal.Do not be so hard on yourself whenever you make a mistake or fail at a task.Everyone makes mistakes.Whenever you face one failure, remember to accept your fault and do something to make things right.Whenever you fail at something, you just have to get up and keep trying.You will get to your goal eventually.Every mistake is a lesson you have to learn from.As the saying goes, “If you do something wrong for the first time, it is a mistake.But if it happens again, then it becomes a choice.” Your mistakes and failure make you wiser.You should be smart enough to know and avoid the causes that lead you to them once more.No dream or goal is ever easy.With every great success, there are some failures along the way that lead to something great.Do not give up and do not be afraid to make mistakes.It is all part of the game of life.Life is not a bed of roses.The journey to success will have its ups and downs and have its share of joy and suffering.You will encounter failure once in a while.But pain is part of the learning process.Failures and mistakes are experiences that will make you wiser and stronger as you climb the ladder of success.32.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To encourage people to think of failure positively.B.To emphasize the importance of self-confidence.C.To explain some meanings of achieving success.D.To discuss the relation between failure and success.33.What can we know from Paragraph 2? A.Everyone should pay for their mistakes.B.Failure makes success more meaningful.C.Mistakes can bring people great benefits.D.It’s common to make mistakes in daily life.34.What does the author think of people who make the same mistakes again? A.They are complete losers.B.They are not good learners.C.They should not be forgiven.D.They need sympathy and support.35.The underlined word “encounter” in the last paragraph probably means_____.A.expect B.avoid C.experience D.appreciate 第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10 分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How do you stay true to yourself when you’re surrounded by friends and/ or family that have an opinion on everything you do? It’s not easy!36 Here are four tips which can help you live an active life.37 Stay true to yourself by listening to the only opinions that really matter--your own and those from people who believe in and encourage you.Deep down you know yourself better than anybody else.Don’t fear people.38 The reason most people don’t take risks, or live on the edge is the fear of what others might think of them.If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.Value yourself and your choices.When you do, others will too.Own the choices you make in your life.39 When you believe in yourself, in time, others will believe in you too.Show confidence in you choices, and what you stand for whether others agree or not.Focus on appreciation.No matter what the circumstances are, there is always something to be grateful for.All successful people ask, “What am I grateful for? How can I improve my situation and use these tough times to inspire others?” 40 These steps, if applied, will help you change your peace of mind, lifestyle, and productivity.A.Focus on your own talents and strengths.B.Never let others’ opinions guide your choices.C.Treat every person like they are important.D.When you doubt yourself, others will doubt you.E.Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.F.Be thankful to life and be helpful to others, and you’ll lead a successful life.G.However, there are great possibilities that you can lead the life you really want.第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）
第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
What a busy day!The three boys were fed, bathed and changed into their nightclothes.Mary had 41 them a story and finally they were asleep.“Babysitting(照看)the three boys aged eight, six and four is extremely 42 ,” she thought.“Sleep,” she considered, “if only I could!” But she had difficult homework to complete.Leaning back, she 43 her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable.Whoever said babysitting was a(n)44 way to make money obviously hadn’t met the three boys, she thought.The television was on;the room was warm;and the lights were dim.Mary’s 45 felt heavier and heavier.“I mustn’t sleep,” she thought--which was 46 what she did, of course.Strangely enough, she soon 47 that she was a world-famous chef(主廚).She made a 48 and wore diamonds and designer clothes.Most days she relaxed by the pool, meeting the rich and famous or 49--her favorite hobby.She 50 took the leading role in her own TV show.That is , until she became too 51.“I am definitely the best in the world,” she thought, as she prepared a tasty chicken dish.But 52 seemed to go right.She spilt the flour, she dropped an egg and she cut her finger.Despite all the troubles, she 53 to get the chicken into the dove.Soon, smoke blanketed the room.The chicken was on fire.54 set in, but Mary could not run--she was 55 to the spot.She tried hard to move, but could not, 56 a sharp sound awoke her.She got shocked and confused--
was pouring from the kitchen.Rushing to investigate, she was met by three 58 little faces and some very burnt bread.“Sorry, we were hungry and you were 59 , so we tried to make some bread,” explained a boy.Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed.She 60 them never to fall asleep on the job again!41.A.given B.written
C.told C.tiring C.bent C.important C.heart
D.taught D.surprising D.kept D.easy D.legs 42.A.successful B.helpful 43.A.shook 44.A.difficult 45.A.eyes B.put B.boring B.mind 46.A.nicely 47.A.realized 48.A.decision 49.A.cooking 50.A.just 51.A.selfish B.exactly B.reminded B.fortune B.reading B.ever B.proud
C.curiously C.learnt C.business C.running C.even C.stubborn C.anything C.managed C.Noise C.pushed C.as C.water C.guilty C.worried C.expected
D.carelessly D.dreamt D.plan D.babysitting D.only D.sensitive D.nothing D.prepared D.Stress D.brought D.unless D.fire D.confident D.asleep D.persuaded 52.A.everything B.something 53.A.tried 54.A.Panic 55.A.frozen 56.A.because 57.A.smoke 58.A.cheerful 59.A.busy 60.A.promised B.arranged B.Pain B.dragged B.until B.light B.strange B.hungry B.allowed
第II卷（共50分）
注意：考生必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題紙上各題目的指定答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，在本試卷上作答無(wú)效。
第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)：（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Many students may feel stressed because of their parents.Most parents have good intentions, but some of them aren’t very 61(help)with the problems their sons and daughters have in 62(adjust)to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their children’s difficulties.For one thing, parents are often not aware 63 the kinds of problems their children face.They don’t realize that the 64(compete)is stronger, that the required standards of work are 65(high), and that their children may not be prepared for 66 change.They may be upset by their children’s poor grades.At their kindest, they may 67(gentle)ask why John or Mary isn’t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on.At their worst, they may threaten 68(take)their children out of college or cut off living expenses.Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine 69 their children do with their lives.They forget that everyone is 70(difference)and that each person must develop in his or her own way.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)
My swimming experience is extreme interesting.There was a time which I swam like a rock.This went on until one day when I was fishing with a friend at nearby pool.I fell into it.If my friend hadn’t come to rescue me, I would have been drowned.Ever since then, I have come to know the important of learning to swim.I didn’t attend to any training class but learn it on my own.Strange to say, I have no difficulty swim at all now.Though my self-invented styles look awkwardly, at least they can keep my floating.Thinking of this, I am more than satisfying.第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）
假定你是李華，你班最近新轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)了幾名外國(guó)交換生，為了幫他們盡快的適應(yīng)新環(huán)境，班主任王老師計(jì)劃成立志愿小組幫助他們。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給他寫一封信申請(qǐng)加入志愿小組。寫作要點(diǎn)：1.加入志愿小組的原因；2.你的自身優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.你打算如何幫助新同學(xué)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫
短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
1-20 ACABC CAABA BACAB CBCCB 21-40 CBB BDCB CBCD ADBC GBEDF 41-60 CCBDA BDBBC BDCAA BACDA 61-70 61.62.63.64.65.66.67.68.69.70.濟(jì)南一中2016—2017學(xué)第一學(xué)期期末考試
高二英語(yǔ)試題答案
helpful adjusting of competition higher the gently to take what different
My swimming experience is extreme interesting.There was a time which I swam extremely when like a rock.This went on until one day when I was fishing with a friend at nearby at后加a pool.I fell into it.If my friend hadn’t come to rescue me, I would have been drowned.Ever since then, I have come to know the important of learning to swim.I importance didn’t attend to any training class but learn it on my own.Strange to say, I have 去掉to learned no difficulty swim at all now.Though my self-invented styles look awkwardly, at swimming awkward least they can keep my floating.Thinking of this, I am more than satisfying.me satisfied
第三篇：高二語(yǔ)文上學(xué)期期末考試試題
2014—2015學(xué)高二第一學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)
語(yǔ) 文 試 卷
（試卷滿分100分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘；答案必須寫在答題卷上）第I卷 閱讀賞析（45分）
一、古詩(shī)文閱讀（13分）
（一）閱讀下列文段，回答1～4題。
吾年十九，始來(lái)京城。其后四年，而歸視汝。又四年，吾往河陽(yáng)省墳?zāi)?，遇汝從嫂喪?lái)葬。又二年，吾佐董丞相于汴州，汝來(lái)省吾。止一歲，請(qǐng)歸取其孥。明年，丞相薨。吾去汴州，汝不果來(lái)。是年，吾佐戎徐州，使取汝者始行，吾又罷去，汝又不果來(lái)。吾念汝從于東，東亦客也，不可以久。圖久遠(yuǎn)者，莫如西歸，將成家而致汝。嗚呼！孰謂汝遽去吾而歿乎！吾與汝俱少年，以為雖暫相別，終當(dāng)久相與處，故舍汝而旅食京師，以求斗斛之祿。誠(chéng)知其如此，雖萬(wàn)乘之公相，吾不以一日輟汝而就也。
去年，孟東野往。吾書與汝曰：“吾年未四十，而視茫茫，而發(fā)蒼蒼，而齒牙動(dòng)搖。念諸父與諸兄，皆康強(qiáng)而早世。如吾之衰者，其能久存乎？吾不可去，汝不肯來(lái)，恐旦暮死，而汝抱無(wú)涯之戚也！”孰謂少者歿而長(zhǎng)者存，強(qiáng)者夭而病者全乎！嗚呼！其信然邪？其夢(mèng)邪？其傳之非其真邪？信也，吾兄之盛德而夭其嗣乎？汝之純明而不克蒙其澤乎？少者、強(qiáng)者而夭歿，長(zhǎng)者、衰者而存全乎？未可以為信也。夢(mèng)也，傳之非其真也，東野之書，耿蘭之報(bào)，何為而在吾側(cè)也？嗚呼！其信然矣！吾兄之盛德而夭其嗣矣！汝之純明宜業(yè)其家者，不克蒙其澤矣！所謂天者誠(chéng)難測(cè)，而神者誠(chéng)難明矣！所謂理者不可推，而壽者不可知矣！
（節(jié)選自韓愈《祭十二郎文》）
1．下列句中加點(diǎn)詞的解釋不正確的一項(xiàng)是（）(2分)
A．吾往河陽(yáng)省墳?zāi)梗ㄌ酵?/p>
B．汝來(lái)省吾。止一歲（只）
C．而汝抱無(wú)涯之戚也（憂傷）
D．汝之純明而不克蒙其澤乎（恩澤）
2．下列加點(diǎn)詞的意義和用法，判斷正確的一項(xiàng)是（）(2分)
①吾佐董丞相于汴州
②青，取之于藍(lán)而青于藍(lán) ③故舍汝而旅食京師，以求斗斛之祿。④作師說(shuō)以貽之
A．①和②相同
③和④也相同
B．①和②不同
③和④也不同
C．①和②相同
③和④不同
D．①和②不同
③和④相同
3．下列句中“而”的用法不同于其他三項(xiàng)的一項(xiàng)是（）(2分)[來(lái)源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)Z+X+X+K]
A．吾年未四十，而視茫茫，而發(fā)蒼蒼
B．強(qiáng)者夭而病者全乎
C．吾兄之盛德而夭其嗣乎
D．所謂天者誠(chéng)難測(cè)，而神者誠(chéng)難明矣 4．以下是對(duì)選文內(nèi)容的概括和分析，不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是（）(2分)[來(lái)源:Z。xx。k.Com]
A．作者以時(shí)間為線索：“其后四年——又四年——又二年——明年——是年，”記述了兩人別多聚少，為不能“久相與處”而感到嘆惋。
B．作者“視茫茫”“發(fā)蒼蒼”“齒牙動(dòng)搖”卻送走“黑發(fā)人”侄兒，寫下這一切時(shí)，字里行間透出作者的切膚之痛。
C．當(dāng)作者的侄子韓老成（十二郎）去世的消息傳來(lái)時(shí)，作者韓愈難以相信——不敢相信，竟懷疑這是夢(mèng)。
D．“天者誠(chéng)難測(cè)”，“ 理者不可推”，面對(duì)十二郎的早逝，作者感受到人生無(wú)常，未來(lái)無(wú)望，失去了生活的希望。5．翻譯文中畫線句子。(7分)（1）誠(chéng)知其如此，雖萬(wàn)乘之公相，吾不以一日輟汝而就也。(4分)答:
（2）嗚呼！其信然矣！吾兄之盛德而夭其嗣矣！(3分)答:
(二)閱讀下面這首詞，完成6-7題。（每題3分，計(jì)6分）浪淘沙
李煜
簾外雨潺潺，春意闌珊。羅衾不耐五更寒。夢(mèng)里不知身是客，一晌貪歡。獨(dú)自莫憑欄，無(wú)限江山，別時(shí)容易見時(shí)難。流水落花春去也，天上人間。
6、“闌珊”是什么意思？“春意闌珊”這里所表達(dá)的表層含義和深層含義各是什么？ 答:
7、請(qǐng)分析李煜的《浪淘沙》（簾外雨潺潺）和《虞美人》（春花秋月何時(shí)了）在思想情感方面的不同之處。
答:
8、古詩(shī)文默寫。根據(jù)課文將所缺詩(shī)句填在空白處。(8分)心非木石豈無(wú)感？
。（鮑照《擬行路難》）
，撫孤松而盤垣。（陶淵明《歸去來(lái)兮辭》）壚邊人似月。（韋莊《菩薩蠻》）昆山玉碎鳳凰叫。（李賀《李憑箜篌引》）
，只是朱顏改。（李煜《虞美人》）云青青兮欲雨。（李白《夢(mèng)游天姥吟留別》）外無(wú)期工強(qiáng)勁之親。（李密《陳情表》）
，惟有幽人自來(lái)去。（孟浩然《夜歸鹿門歌》）
二、現(xiàn)代文閱讀
閱讀下面的文字，完成11～14題。含淚奔跑的少年 朱鐘洋
在他的記憶里，從未離開過(guò)生養(yǎng)他的大山，他今年初中畢業(yè)了，以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)考上了縣城的重點(diǎn)中學(xué)。在城里，他這個(gè)年紀(jì)還是個(gè)孩子，還要在父母面前撒嬌。然而，他儼然是個(gè)大人了，就在他初中畢業(yè)的這個(gè)暑假里，他嘗到了冷也嘗到了暖，冷暖過(guò)后，他仿佛一夜成人。
父親在他初中畢業(yè)后第一個(gè)星期，突遭車禍，留下他和母親相依為命。肇事司機(jī)也在車禍中死亡，父親的死沒有得到任何賠償。母親天生患有小兒麻痹癥，走路一瘸一跛的，生活勉強(qiáng)能夠自理。
起初，他和母親商議著輟學(xué)，但母親堅(jiān)決不同意。為了下學(xué)期的學(xué)費(fèi)，為了以后的生活有個(gè)著落，母親決定帶他到縣城謀生。
進(jìn)了城，他才知道，城市人山人海，高樓林立，但這些繁華不屬于他們。沉悶的空氣里彌漫著炙熱的氣流，一陣風(fēng)習(xí)來(lái)，也聞不到稻花的香甜。母親在城市邊緣，租了間鐵皮房，用木板搭了張床，然后找兩塊紅磚架個(gè)小鐵鍋，算是在城里落下了腳。母親從工廠找到店鋪，從店鋪找到垃圾收購(gòu)站，可沒有人愿意收留一個(gè)瘸子。無(wú)奈之下，母親做了個(gè)燒烤車，還給他釘了個(gè)刷皮鞋的木箱。[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]
每天，他們從鐵皮屋里出來(lái)，一個(gè)推著車，一個(gè)挎著刷鞋箱。趁著昏黃的路燈還沒有熄滅，他們匆匆地趕到市里繁華的公園門口，占個(gè)地，擺個(gè)攤。等到公園里的最后一撥人散去后，他們才拖著疲憊不堪的身子回家。他心里其實(shí)有一萬(wàn)個(gè)不愿意，可是為了讀書的夢(mèng)想，他又能夠說(shuō)些什么呢。
大多數(shù)的日子，他就蹲在母親的燒烤車邊給人刷皮鞋。一天，他看到很多人在公園里，邊看著孩子玩，邊招呼人刷鞋，他心動(dòng)了。他知會(huì)了母親一聲，便走進(jìn)了公園深處。偏偏是這一天，城管突然來(lái)巡查，公園門口所有的小攤小販一窩蜂地溜走了。走路一瘸一跛的母親因?yàn)榕艿寐诵?，被城管逮了個(gè)正著。在和城管的糾纏中，燒烤攤被推倒了，燒得紅彤彤的木炭倒在了母親腿上，一股焦肉的味道讓好心的路人憤怒了，城管見勢(shì)不妙，很快怏怏離去。這天夜里，一對(duì)苦難的母子推著車，走著回家的路上，閃爍的街燈照在清冷的馬路上，留下一對(duì)孤獨(dú)的含淚的影子，一長(zhǎng)一短地走著，成了一道痛苦抽搐的風(fēng)景。
勞碌了一天的母親，迷迷糊糊地睡著了，而他卻怎么也睡不著。
他看著母親翻了個(gè)身，腿上被燒焦的皮膚通紅一片，有些地方還留下了水泡。他用手觸碰了一下，感覺連心的痛。所有的委屈化成了淚水，從他的眼里流到了嘴里，澀澀的。
時(shí)鐘已經(jīng)指向了夜里11點(diǎn)多，他還是睡不著。為了賺夠?qū)W費(fèi)，他和母親除了一日三餐外，其它的開支減了又減，實(shí)在要買點(diǎn)什么，也是選一些地?cái)傌?。而，剛剛，母親連一盒燙傷膏也舍不得買，硬說(shuō)擦點(diǎn)醬油就好了。這樣一想，他的心更痛了，他失去了父親，他不能再失去母親了。他穿好衣服，走上街，向附近的藥店跑去。
他跑進(jìn)藥店的時(shí)候，藥店準(zhǔn)備關(guān)門了。他很快選定了一盒26元的燙傷膏，他把燙傷膏攥緊在手里，就在掏錢的時(shí)候，他才發(fā)覺自己只是帶來(lái)了今天全部的勞務(wù)費(fèi)15元。他站在柜臺(tái)前猶豫了很久。
“你到底要不要買啊，我們要關(guān)門了?！钡曛鞔叽偎?。
“要的，要的，只是……只是，我沒有這么多錢?！彼掏掏峦?。
“那就明天來(lái)吧?！?/p>
“哦不……我欠你11元錢可以嗎？我明天下午一定還。”他快急哭了。
“那……”
“求求你吧……我媽媽她……”他心底的那點(diǎn)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)終于崩潰了，淚雨滂沱，他把自己和母親的遭遇說(shuō)給了店主。
“那你，把藥拿走吧，不夠的錢，算是我資助給你的吧?！钡曛髡f(shuō)，“快些回家吧，不要讓媽媽等急了。”
母親的腿上的傷很快就愈合了。他也如愿在縣城讀完高中，考上了省城的一所大學(xué)。
當(dāng)他和母親要離開縣城，打算到省城繼續(xù)謀生的時(shí)候，他整理好鐵皮屋里所有的行李，突然一張藥費(fèi)單抖落了出來(lái)，他露出了笑容，他知道，上面寫著——這個(gè)世界很冷也很暖，冷暖之間，我不能只是流淚，我要做一個(gè)含淚奔跑的人。
9、“含淚奔跑的少年” 如何理解？結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)要分析。（4分）
答:
10．文中的主人公“他”是一個(gè)怎么樣的人？小說(shuō)是如何刻畫這一形象的？試作簡(jiǎn)要分析。（4分）
答:
11．分析下面句子的含義（4分）
（1）他嘗到了冷也嘗到了暖，冷暖過(guò)后，他仿佛一夜成人。（2分）
答:
（2）閃爍的街燈照在清冷的馬路上，留下一對(duì)孤獨(dú)的含淚的影子，一長(zhǎng)一短地走著，成了一道痛苦抽搐的風(fēng)景。（2分）
答:
12．在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，我們可能也有過(guò)類似的經(jīng)歷或體驗(yàn)，請(qǐng)結(jié)合此文就某一角度談?wù)勀愕母形?。?分）
答:
第II卷
積累、表達(dá)（55分）
三、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)與語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（15分）13．下列詞語(yǔ)中注音有誤的一項(xiàng)是（）（2分）
A．伶（líng）人 盛（chéng）以錦囊 意氣之盛（shèng）江皋（gāo）
B．子嗣（sì）沅水(ruán)不?。╯hěng）所怙 兄歿（mò）南方
C．尚饗（xiǎng）兔起鶻（hú）落 投箸(zhù)
汝遽（jù）去吾
D．夢(mèng)寤（wù）不食周粟（sù）迤邐(yǐ lǐ)黍（shǔ）熟黃粱 14．下列詞語(yǔ)書寫全都正確的是（）（2分）A．魚龍潛躍 淥水蕩漾 丘巒崩催 云霞明滅 B．松下清齋 杜郎俊賞 豆蔻詞工 煮琴燒筍 C．胡馬窺江 洞天石扉 摧媚折腰 列缺霹靂 D．鴻雁長(zhǎng)飛 舐犢情深 山盟海誓 熊咆龍吟 15．下列畫線成語(yǔ)使用不恰當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)是（）（2分）
A．他們倆吵架，你不前去好心勸解，反而最終自己也被卷了進(jìn)去，你這樣做，難道不是抱薪救火嗎？
B．歐陽(yáng)修的《新五代史·伶官傳》記述了后唐莊宗得失天下的故事，從中我們知道了盛衰之理乃是因人成事。
C．他雖然在草原上單獨(dú)放牧，卻意識(shí)到自己處在一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的集體中間，從沒有形單影只、孤立無(wú)援的感覺。
Ｄ．方苞的《獄中雜記》揭露了獄吏的貪贓枉法、濫用酷刑，讓讀者感受到他們所犯下的罪行真是罄竹難書。
16．下列各句中，沒有語(yǔ)病且句意明確的一項(xiàng)是（）(2分)A．有人說(shuō)，屈原在《湘夫人》中所表現(xiàn)的男女水神歡會(huì)難期、思而不見的愛情悲劇，實(shí)際上是他自己不為楚王所知的身世悲劇的曲折反映。
B．王維在繼承傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上，努力創(chuàng)造的具有鮮明個(gè)性的意境，豐富和提高了山水詩(shī)的表現(xiàn)技巧，對(duì)詩(shī)歌發(fā)展作出了貢獻(xiàn)。
C．老百姓對(duì)一個(gè)政黨評(píng)價(jià)的好壞，最大的因素就是腐敗。對(duì)病人來(lái)說(shuō)，治不好腫瘤保不住性命；對(duì)政黨而言，治不了腐敗保不住政權(quán)。
D．紫禁城是最偉大的人類建筑史上的藝術(shù)奇葩，是世界文化歷史遺產(chǎn)中的一顆璀璨的明珠，更是中華民族文化的標(biāo)記。
17、近年來(lái)，由于一些影視制作人缺乏文史方面的知識(shí)，影視劇中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些常識(shí)性錯(cuò)誤。比如《漢武大帝》中有這樣一個(gè)畫面：漢武帝站在柳體楷書的巨大屏風(fēng)前，對(duì)出使西域的官員說(shuō)：“你一定能夠舌戰(zhàn)群儒，不辱使命?！贝蟪蓟卮穑骸拔涞凵裎?，萬(wàn)方臣服。臣鞠躬盡瘁，死而后已?！闭?qǐng)指出這個(gè)場(chǎng)景中的常識(shí)性錯(cuò)誤并說(shuō)明原因（任選兩處）。（4分）
答：
[來(lái)源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]
18.為下面的報(bào)道擬一條標(biāo)題。（不超過(guò)20字）（3分）
日前，著名文學(xué)評(píng)論家雷達(dá)發(fā)表文章闡述“李白故里在天水”，該文章經(jīng)新華網(wǎng)、天水在線等轉(zhuǎn)載后，引起了天水各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和社會(huì)各界人士的高度關(guān)注，天水廣大網(wǎng)友紛紛發(fā)帖，希望真正的李白故里天水能夠站出來(lái)，為李白故里正名。
3月21日上午，由天水在線、天水師范學(xué)院團(tuán)委、甘肅藝校天水分校聯(lián)合倡議發(fā)起，天水廣大網(wǎng)友積極參加的“李白故里在天水”正名活動(dòng)在天水市龍城廣場(chǎng)激情登場(chǎng)。在簽名現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，天水藝校學(xué)生韓梅接受記者采訪時(shí)說(shuō)：“我們小學(xué)一年級(jí)學(xué)李白的《靜夜思》時(shí)，老師就教我們說(shuō)李白是隴西成紀(jì)，即今天的天水秦安人……我們藝校演的節(jié)目有段《夸天水》的快板書，里面有一段是這樣夸的：李太白，稱詩(shī)仙，祖籍在咱秦安縣；唐太宗，李世民，也是咱們天水人......”
答：
四、寫作
19.閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)要求作文。（40分）
高山，因?yàn)橛辛司G地而有了景色；大地，因?yàn)橛辛司G地而有了生機(jī)；心靈，因?yàn)橛辛司G地而富有充實(shí)……
請(qǐng)以“留一片綠地”為題，寫一篇不少于800字的文章。
要求：①自定立意；②自選文體；③文體特征鮮明；④不得寫成詩(shī)歌。
第四篇：高二化學(xué)上學(xué)期期中考試題(附答案)
相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Al 27 K 39 Fe 56
一、選擇題：(每小題2分，共40分。)1．頁(yè)巖氣是從頁(yè)巖層中開采出來(lái)的天然氣，是一種重要的非常規(guī)天然氣資源。我國(guó)的頁(yè)巖氣儲(chǔ)量超過(guò)其他任何一個(gè)國(guó)家，可采儲(chǔ)量有1275萬(wàn)億立方英尺。這些儲(chǔ)量足夠中國(guó)使用300多年，有關(guān)頁(yè)巖氣的敘述錯(cuò)誤的是 A．頁(yè)巖氣屬于一種新能源 B．頁(yè)巖氣屬于一次能源 C．頁(yè)巖氣屬于清潔能源 D．頁(yè)巖氣屬于不可再生能源
2.在水溶液中存在反應(yīng)：Ag＋＋Fe2＋ Ag(s)＋Fe3＋ ΔH<0，達(dá)到平衡后，為使平衡體系中析出更多的銀，可采取的措施是 A．升高溫度
B．加水稀釋
C．增大Fe2＋的濃度
D．常溫下加壓
3．中和熱測(cè)定實(shí)驗(yàn)中，用50mL0.50mol/L鹽酸和50mL0.55mol/LNaOH溶液進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，下列說(shuō)法不正確的是 A．改用25mL 0.50mol/L鹽酸跟25mL 0.55 mol/L NaOH溶液進(jìn) 行反應(yīng)，求出的中和熱數(shù)值和原來(lái)相同
B．酸堿混合時(shí)，量筒中NaOH溶液應(yīng)緩緩倒入小燒杯中，不 斷用玻璃棒攪拌
C．裝置中的大小燒杯之間填滿碎泡沫塑料的作用是保溫隔熱 減少熱量損失
D．實(shí)驗(yàn)中應(yīng)記錄測(cè)量出反應(yīng)過(guò)程中的最高溫度 4．從下列實(shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí)所引出的相應(yīng)結(jié)論正確的是 選項(xiàng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí) 結(jié)論
A 其他條件相同，Na2S2O3與H2SO4反應(yīng)時(shí)c(Na2S2O3)越大，析出S沉淀的時(shí)間越短 當(dāng)其他條件不變時(shí)，增大反應(yīng)物濃度，化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率加快 B 在化學(xué)反應(yīng)前后，催化劑的質(zhì)量和化學(xué)性質(zhì)都沒有發(fā)生改變 催化劑一定不參與化學(xué)反應(yīng)
C 物質(zhì)的量濃度相同的鹽酸和醋酸分別與等質(zhì)量的、形狀相同的鋅粒反應(yīng) 反應(yīng)開始時(shí)速率相同
D 在容積可變的密閉容器中發(fā)生反應(yīng)H2(g)＋I(xiàn)2(g)2HI(g)，把容積縮小一倍 正反應(yīng)速率加快，逆反應(yīng)速率不變
5．250 ℃和1.01×105 Pa時(shí)，反應(yīng) 2N2O5(g)4NO2(g)+O2(g)△H=＋56.76 kJ/mol，自發(fā)進(jìn)行的原因是 A．是吸熱反應(yīng) B．是放熱反應(yīng)；
C．熵增大效應(yīng)大于能量效應(yīng) D．是熵減少的反應(yīng)
6．對(duì)于可逆反應(yīng)：2SO2(g)＋O2(g)2SO3(g)，下列措施能使反應(yīng)物中活化分子百分?jǐn)?shù)、化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率和化學(xué)平衡常數(shù)都變化的是 A．增大壓強(qiáng) B．升高溫度 C．使用催化劑 D．多充入O2 7．不能用勒夏特列原理解釋的是 A．使用鐵觸媒，加快合成氨反應(yīng)速率
B．溴水中存在Br2＋H2O HBr＋HBrO，當(dāng)加入硝酸銀溶液后，溶液顏色變淺 C．合成氨工業(yè)采用20~50 MPa高壓
D．反應(yīng)CO(g)＋NO2(g)CO2(g)＋NO(g)ΔH<0，平衡后，升高溫度體系顏色變深
8．在一定條件下，可逆反應(yīng)N2(g)＋3H2(g)2NH3(g)ΔH＜0。達(dá)到平衡，當(dāng)單獨(dú)改變下列條件后，有關(guān)敘述錯(cuò)誤的是
A．加催化劑v正、v逆都發(fā)生變化，而且變化的倍數(shù)相等
B．加壓v正、v逆都增大，且v正增大的倍數(shù)大于v逆增大的倍數(shù) C．降溫，v正、v逆都減小，且v正減小的倍數(shù)小于v逆減小的倍數(shù) D．加入氬氣，v正、v逆都增大且v正增大的倍數(shù)大于v逆增大的倍數(shù) 9．研究表明N2O與CO在Fe＋作用下發(fā)生反應(yīng)的能量變化及反應(yīng)歷程如圖所示，下列說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的是
A．反應(yīng)總過(guò)程ΔH<0 B．Fe＋使反應(yīng)的活化能減小 C．FeO＋也是該反應(yīng)的催化劑
D．Fe＋＋N2O→FeO＋＋N2、FeO＋＋CO→Fe＋＋CO2兩步反應(yīng)均為放熱反應(yīng)
10．下列各組熱化學(xué)方程式的ΔH前者大于后者的是
①C(s)＋O2(g)===CO2(g)ΔH1 C(s)＋12O2(g)===CO(g)ΔH2 ②S(s)＋O2(g)===SO2(g)ΔH3 S(g)＋O2(g)===SO2(g)ΔH4 ③H2(g)＋12O2(g)===H2O(l)ΔH5 2H2(g)＋O2(g)===2H2O(l)ΔH6 ④CaCO3(s)===CaO(s)＋CO2(g)ΔH7 CaO(s)＋H2O(l)===Ca(OH)2(aq)ΔH8 A．① B．④ C．②③④ D．①②③
11．O3是一種很好的消毒劑，具有高效、潔凈、方便、經(jīng)濟(jì)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。O3可溶于水，在水中易分解，產(chǎn)生的[O]為游離氧原子，有很強(qiáng)的殺菌消毒能力。常溫常壓下發(fā)生的反應(yīng)如下：反應(yīng)① O3 O2＋[O] ΔH>0 平衡常數(shù)為K1；
反應(yīng)② [O]＋O3 2O2 ΔH<0平衡常數(shù)為K2；
總反應(yīng)：2O3 3O2 ΔH<0 平衡常數(shù)為K。下列敘述正確的是
A．降低溫度，總反應(yīng)K減小 B．K＝K1＋K2 C．適當(dāng)升溫，可提高消毒效率 D．壓強(qiáng)增大，K2減小
12．在一定溫度下的恒容容器中，當(dāng)下列物理量不再發(fā)生變化時(shí)，能說(shuō)明下列反應(yīng)：
C(s)＋CO2(g)2CO(g)達(dá)到平衡狀態(tài)的是：①混合氣體的壓強(qiáng)，②混合氣體的密度，③混合氣體的總物質(zhì)的量，④混合氣體的平均相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量，⑤混合氣體的顏色，⑥各反應(yīng)物或生成物的濃度之比等于化學(xué)計(jì)量數(shù)之比，⑦某種氣體的百分含量
A.①③④⑤⑦ B.①②③④⑦ C.②③④⑥⑦ D.①②④⑤⑥
13．對(duì)反應(yīng)A+B=AB來(lái)說(shuō)，常溫下按以下情況進(jìn)行反應(yīng)：
①20mL溶液中含A、B各0.01mol ②50mL溶液中含A、B各0.05mol ③0.1mol?L－1的A、B溶液各10mL ④0.5mol?L－1的A、B溶液各50mL 四者反應(yīng)速率的大小關(guān)系是 A．②＞①＞④＞③ B．④＞③＞②＞① C．①＞②＞④＞③ D．①＞②＞③＞④ 14．已知反應(yīng)：H2(g)＋12O2(g)===H2O(g)ΔH1 12N2(g)＋O2(g)===NO2(g)ΔH2 12N2(g)＋32H2(g)===NH3(g)ΔH3 則反應(yīng)2NH3(g)＋72O2(g)===2NO2(g)＋3H2O(g)的ΔH為 A．2ΔH1＋2ΔH2－2ΔH3 B．ΔH1＋ΔH2－ΔH3 C．3ΔH1＋2ΔH2＋2ΔH3 D．3ΔH1＋2ΔH2－2ΔH3 15．一定條件下，對(duì)于可逆反應(yīng)X(g)+3Y(g)2Z(g)，若X、Y、Z的起始濃度分別為c1、c2、c3(均不為零)，達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，X、Y、Z的濃度分別為 0.1 mol?L?1、0.3 mol?L?1、0.08 mol?L?1，則下列判斷正確的是 A．c1∶c2=3∶1 B．平衡時(shí)，Y和Z的生成速率之比為2∶3 C．X、Y的轉(zhuǎn)化率不相等
D．c1的取值范圍為0 A．2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)ΔH=?196.6 kJ?mol?1 B．2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)ΔH=?98.3 kJ?mol?1 C．SO2(g)+ 12O2(g)SO3(g)ΔH=+98.3 kJ?mol?1 D．SO2(g)+ 12O2(g)SO3(g)ΔH=?49.2 kJ?mol?1 17.可逆反應(yīng)2A(g)+B(g)2C(g)，根據(jù)下表中的數(shù)據(jù)判斷下列圖像錯(cuò)誤的是 A．A B．B C．C D．D 18．已知:①2H2(g)+O2(g)2H2O(l)ΔH=-571.6 kJ?mol-1 ②2CH3OH(l)+3O2(g)2CO2(g)+4H2O(l)ΔH=-1 452 kJ?mol-1 ③H+(aq)+OH-(aq)H2O(l)ΔH=-57.3 kJ?mol-1 下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A.H2(g)的燃燒熱為142.9 kJ?mol-1 B.同質(zhì)量的H2(g)和CH3OH(l)完全燃燒,H2(g)放出的熱量多 C.12H2SO4(aq)+ 12Ba(OH)2(aq)12 BaSO4(s)+H2O(l)ΔH=-57.3 kJ?mol-1 D.3H2(g)+CO2(g)CH3OH(l)+H2O(l)ΔH=+131.4 kJ?mol-1 19．N2O5是一種新型硝化劑，在一定溫度下可發(fā)生如下反應(yīng)： 2N2O5(g)4NO2(g)＋O2(g)ΔH＞0。 T1溫度時(shí)，向密閉容器中通入N2O5氣體，部分實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)見下表： 時(shí)間/s 0 500 1 000 1 500 c(N2O5)/ mol?L－1 5.00 3.52 2.50 2.50 下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A．500 s內(nèi)NO2的生成速率為2.96×10－3 mol?L－1?s－1 B．T1溫度下該反應(yīng)平衡時(shí)NO2的產(chǎn)率為25% C．達(dá)到平衡后，其他條件不變，將容器的體積壓縮到原來(lái)的12,則c(N2O5)<5.00 mol?L－1 D．T1溫度下的平衡常數(shù)為K1，T2溫度下的平衡常數(shù)為K2，若T1＞T2，則K1＞K2 20．在恒溫恒壓下，向密閉容器中充入4 mol SO2和2 mol O2，發(fā)生如下反應(yīng)： 2SO2(g)＋O2(g)2SO3(g)ΔH<0。2 min后，反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡，生成SO3為1.4 mol，同時(shí)放出熱量Q kJ。則下列分析正確的是 A．在該條件下，反應(yīng)前后的壓強(qiáng)之比為6:5.3 B．若反應(yīng)開始時(shí)容器體積為2 L，則v(SO3)＝0.35 mol/(L?min)C．若把“恒溫恒壓下”改為“恒壓絕熱條件下”反應(yīng)，平衡后n(SO3)<1.4 mol D．若把“恒溫恒壓下”改為“恒溫恒容下”反應(yīng)，達(dá)平衡時(shí)放出熱量大于Q kJ 二、非選擇題：(共60分。)21.(10分)高爐煉鐵中發(fā)生的基本反應(yīng)之一如下：FeO(s)+CO(g)Fe(s)+CO2(g)（正反應(yīng)是吸熱反應(yīng)），已知1100℃時(shí)K=0.263(1)溫度升高，化學(xué)平衡移動(dòng)后達(dá)到新的平衡，高爐內(nèi)CO2和CO的體積比值 ；平衡常數(shù)K值（選填“增大”“減小”或“不變”） (2)1100℃時(shí)測(cè)得高爐中c（CO2）=0.025mol?L﹣ 1、c（CO）=0.1mol?L﹣1，在這種情況下，該反應(yīng)是否處于化學(xué)平衡狀態(tài)（選填“是”或“否”），此時(shí)，化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率是v(正)v(逆)（選填“大于”“小于”或“等于”），其原因是 ． 22.(10分)K2Cr2O7溶液中存在平衡:(橙色)+H2O 2(黃色)+2H+。用K2Cr2O7溶液進(jìn)行下列實(shí)驗(yàn): (1)向K2Cr2O7溶液中加入30% NaOH溶液，溶液呈________色，因?yàn)開_______________。 (2)若向已加入NaOH溶液的(1)中再加入過(guò)量稀硫酸，則溶液呈________色，因?yàn)開___________________________________________________。 (3)向K2Cr2O7溶液中逐滴加入Ba(NO3)2溶液(已知BaCrO4為黃色沉淀)，則平衡向著____________方向移動(dòng)，溶液顏色變化為____________。 (4)對(duì)比②和④可得出的結(jié)論是 23.(14分)硫酸是重要的化工原料，生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中SO2催化氧化生成SO3的化學(xué)反應(yīng)為： 2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)。 (1)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)得SO2反應(yīng)生成SO3的轉(zhuǎn)化率與溫度、壓強(qiáng)有關(guān)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表信息，結(jié)合工業(yè)生產(chǎn)實(shí)際，選擇最合適的生產(chǎn)條件是________。 (2)反應(yīng)2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)達(dá)到平衡后，改變下列條件，能使SO2(g)平衡濃度比原來(lái)減小的是________（填字母）。A．保持溫度和容器體積不變，充入1molO2(g)B．保持溫度和容器體積不變，充入2mol SO3(g)C．降低溫度 D．在其他條件不變時(shí)，減小容器的容積 (3)某溫度下，SO2的平衡轉(zhuǎn)化率(α)與體系總壓強(qiáng)(P)的關(guān)系如下圖所示。 2.0 molSO2和1.0mol O2置于10L密閉容器中，反應(yīng)達(dá)平衡后，體系總壓強(qiáng)為0.10 MPa。平衡狀態(tài)由A變到B時(shí)，平衡常數(shù)K(A)_____K(B)（填“>”、“<”或“=”）, B點(diǎn)的化學(xué)平衡常數(shù)是______。 (4)在一個(gè)固定容積為5L的密閉容器中充入0.20mol SO2和0.10molO2, t1時(shí)刻達(dá)到平衡，測(cè)得容器中含SO30.18mol。 ① tl 時(shí)刻達(dá)到平衡后，改變一個(gè)條件使化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率發(fā)生如下圖所示的變化，則改變的條件是________。 A．體積不變，向容器中通入少量O2 B．體積不變，向容器中通入少量SO2 C．縮小容器體積 D．升高溫度 E．體積不變，向容器中通入少量氮?dú)?/p> ② 若繼續(xù)通入0.20mol SO2和0.10molO2，則平衡________移動(dòng)（填“向正反應(yīng)方向”、“向逆反應(yīng)方向”或“不”)，再次達(dá)到平衡后，n(SO3)的取值范圍是。 24.(12分)亞硝酰氯(ClNO)是有機(jī)合成中的重要試劑，可通過(guò)如下反應(yīng)獲得： 2NO(g)＋Cl2(g)2ClNO(g)。(1)氫氧化物與懸浮在大氣中的海鹽粒子相互作用時(shí)會(huì)生成亞硝酰氯，涉及如下反應(yīng)： ①2NO2(g)＋NaCl(s)NaNO3(s)＋ClNO(g)K1 ②4NO2(g)＋2NaCl(s)2NaNO3(s)＋2NO(g)＋Cl2(g)K2 ③2NO(g)＋Cl2(g)2ClNO(g)K3 則K3＝________(用K1和K2表示)。 (2)已知幾種化學(xué)鍵的鍵能數(shù)據(jù)如下表(亞硝酰氯的結(jié)構(gòu)為Cl—N===O)： 化學(xué)鍵 N≡O(shè) Cl—Cl Cl—N N===O 鍵能/(kJ?mol－1)630 243 a 607 則2NO(g)＋Cl2(g)2ClNO(g)反應(yīng)的ΔH和a的關(guān)系為ΔH＝_______kJ?mol－1。(3)按投料比2∶1把NO和Cl2加入到一恒壓的密閉容器中發(fā)生反應(yīng)，平衡時(shí)NO的轉(zhuǎn)化率與溫度T、壓強(qiáng)p(總壓)的關(guān)系如圖(a)所示： ①該反應(yīng)的ΔH________(填“>”“<”或“＝”)0。 ②在p壓強(qiáng)條件下，M點(diǎn)時(shí)容器內(nèi)NO的體積分?jǐn)?shù)為________。③若反應(yīng)一直保持在p壓強(qiáng)條件下進(jìn)行，則M點(diǎn)的分壓平衡常數(shù)Kp＝________(用含p的表達(dá)式表示，用平衡分壓代替平衡濃度計(jì)算，分壓＝總壓×體積分?jǐn)?shù))。 (4)一定條件下在恒溫恒容的密閉容器中按一定比例充入NO(g)和Cl2(g)，在n(NO)/n(Cl2)＝1.5時(shí)達(dá)到平衡狀態(tài)，ClNO的體積分?jǐn)?shù)可能是圖(b)中D、E、F三點(diǎn)中的________點(diǎn)。25.(12分)近年來(lái)，研究人員提出利用含硫物質(zhì)熱化學(xué)循環(huán)實(shí)現(xiàn)太陽(yáng)能的轉(zhuǎn)化與存儲(chǔ)，過(guò)程如下： (1)反應(yīng)Ⅰ：2H2SO4(l)=2SO2(g)+2H2O(g)+O2(g)△H1=+551kJ?mol-1 反應(yīng)Ⅲ：S(g)+O2(g)=SO2(g)△H3=-297 kJ?mol-1 反應(yīng)Ⅱ的熱化學(xué)方程式：。 (2)對(duì)反應(yīng)Ⅱ，在某一投料比時(shí)，兩種壓強(qiáng)下，H2SO4在平衡體系中物質(zhì)的量分?jǐn)?shù)隨溫度的變化關(guān)系如右圖所示，p2______p1（填“＞”或“＜”），得出該結(jié)論的理由是。 (3)I-可以作為水溶液中SO2歧化反應(yīng)的催化劑，可能的催化過(guò)程如下，將ii補(bǔ)充完整 i．SO2+4I-+4H+=S↓+2I2+2H2O ii．I2+2H2O+______=______+______+2I-(4)探究i、ii反應(yīng)速率與SO2歧化反應(yīng)速率的關(guān)系，實(shí)驗(yàn)如下：分別將18 mLSO2飽和溶液加入到2mL下列試劑中，密閉放置觀察現(xiàn)象，（已知：I2易溶解在KI溶液中）序號(hào) A B C D 試劑組成 0.4 mol?L-1 KI amol?L-1 KI 0.2mol?L-1H2SO4 0.2mol?L-1H2SO4 0.2 mol?L-1 KI 0.0002 molI2 實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象 溶液變黃，一段時(shí)間后出現(xiàn)渾濁 溶液變黃，出現(xiàn)渾濁較A快 無(wú)明顯現(xiàn)象象 溶液由棕褐色很快褪色，變成黃色，出現(xiàn)渾濁較A快 ① B是A的對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)，則a=______。②比較A、B、C，可得出的結(jié)論是______。 ③實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，SO2的歧化反應(yīng)速率D＞A．結(jié)合i，ii反應(yīng)速率解釋原因：______。參考答案 一、選擇題（每小題2分，共40分）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A C A B C B A D C C 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 C B A D D A D B D C 二、非選擇題（共60分）21.（每空2分，共10分） (1)增大；增大 (2)否；大于；Qc < K，平衡向正反應(yīng)方向移動(dòng)。22．（10分） (1)黃(1分)； c(H+)變小，平衡向正反應(yīng)方向移動(dòng)，使c(CrO42-)增大(2分)。(2)橙(1分)；加入過(guò)量稀硫酸，使得溶液中c(H+)變大，平衡向逆反應(yīng)方向移動(dòng)，使c(Cr2O72-)增大(2分)(3)正反應(yīng)(1分)；橙色逐漸變淺，最后變?yōu)闊o(wú)色(1分)。(4)K2Cr2O7酸性溶液氧化性強(qiáng)(2分)。23．（每空2分，共14分）(1)400℃和1個(gè)大氣壓 (2)AC(3)=；800(4)① C； ②向正反應(yīng)方向；0.36mol (1)K21K2(2)+(289-2a)(3)①<； ②40%； ③5p(4)D 25.（除標(biāo)注外，每空2分，共12分） (1)3SO2(g)+2H2O(g)2H2SO4(l)+S(s)ΔH2=?254 kJ?mol?1(2)>(1分)； 反應(yīng)Ⅱ是氣體物質(zhì)的量減小的反應(yīng)，溫度一定時(shí)，增大壓強(qiáng)使反應(yīng)正向移動(dòng)，H2SO4 的物質(zhì)的 量增大，體系總物質(zhì)的量減小，H2SO4的物質(zhì)的量分?jǐn)?shù)增大(3)SO2 SO42? 4H+(共2分)(4)①0.4(1分)②I?是SO2歧化反應(yīng)的催化劑，H+單獨(dú)存在時(shí)不具有催化作用，但H+可以加快歧化反應(yīng)速率 ③反應(yīng)ii比i快；D中由反應(yīng)ii產(chǎn)生的H+使反應(yīng)i加快 相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量：H∶1 C∶12 N∶14 O∶16 Na∶23 S∶32 Cl∶35.5 K∶39 Fe∶56 Mn∶55 Ba∶137 第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共48分） 一、選擇題（每小題3分，共48分，每小題只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意） 1．下列說(shuō)法不正確的是 A．能量較高、有可能發(fā)生有效碰撞的分子稱為活化分子 B．活化分子的平均能量與所有分子的平均能量之差稱為活化能 C．催化劑能參與反應(yīng)，可降低原反應(yīng)所需活化能 D．非活化分子也有可能發(fā)生有效碰撞 2．下列實(shí)驗(yàn)方法中，不能證明醋酸是弱電解質(zhì)的是 A．常溫下，測(cè)定0.1mol?L?1 CH3COOH的pH B．常溫下，測(cè)一定濃度的CH3COONa溶液的pH C．等體積的0.1mol?L?1 HCl和0.1mol?L?1醋酸溶液，比較中和這兩種酸所需等物質(zhì)的量濃度的NaOH溶液的體積 D．等體積的0.1mol?L?1 HCl和0.1mol?L?1醋酸溶液，分別與等量的顆粒大小相同的Zn反應(yīng)，觀察產(chǎn)生氣泡的速率 3．對(duì)可逆反應(yīng)4NH3(g)+5O2(g)4NO(g)+6H2O(g)，下列敘述正確的是 A．達(dá)到化學(xué)平衡時(shí)，2V正(NH3)=3V逆(H2O)B．若單位時(shí)間內(nèi)生成x mol NO的同時(shí)，消耗x mol NH3，則反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡狀態(tài) C．達(dá)到化學(xué)平衡時(shí)，若增加容器體積，則正反應(yīng)速率減小，逆反應(yīng)速率減小 D．達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，若減小容器體積，則NH3的轉(zhuǎn)化率會(huì)增大 4．下列說(shuō)法中正確的是 A．水是極弱的電解質(zhì)，它能微弱電離生成H+，所以嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)純水呈微酸性 B．向水中加入稀氨水，平衡逆向移動(dòng)，c(OH?)降低 C． ℃純水中c(OH?)×c(H+)=Kw，稀酸和稀堿中Kw=c(OH－)×c(H+)≠10?14 D．H2O H++OH?是吸熱過(guò)程，所以溫度升高，平衡向電離方向移動(dòng)，Kw隨之增大 5．下列實(shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí)不能用平衡移動(dòng)原理解釋的是 A．pH=11的氨水稀釋10倍后溶液pH＞10 B．將氯化鋁溶液加熱蒸干并灼燒，最終得氧化鋁固體 C．對(duì)2HI(g)H2(g)+I2(g)，減小容器體積，氣體顏色變深 D．水垢中含有CaSO4，可先用Na2CO3溶液浸泡處理，而后用鹽酸去除 6．下列事實(shí)一定能說(shuō)明HF是弱酸的是 ①常溫下NaF溶液的pH大于7；②用HF溶液做導(dǎo)電性實(shí)驗(yàn)，燈泡很暗；③HF與NaCl不能發(fā)生反應(yīng)；④常溫下0.1mol?L?1的HF溶液的pH為2.3；⑤HF能與Na2CO3溶液反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生CO2氣體⑥HF與水能以任意比混溶；⑦1mol?L?1的HF水溶液能使紫色石蕊試液變紅 A．①④⑦ B．②③⑤ C．③④⑥ D．①④ 7．下列過(guò)程或現(xiàn)象與鹽類水解無(wú)關(guān)的是 A．純堿溶液去油污 B．加熱氯化鐵溶液顏色變深 C．鐵在潮濕的環(huán)境中生銹 D．濃硫化鈉溶液有臭味 8．一定溫度下，將一定質(zhì)量的冰醋酸加水稀釋過(guò)程中，溶液的導(dǎo)電能力變化如圖所示，下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A．a(chǎn)、b、c三點(diǎn)溶液的pH：c＜a＜b B．用濕潤(rùn)的pH試紙測(cè)量a處溶液的pH，測(cè)量結(jié)果偏小 C．a(chǎn)、b、c三點(diǎn)CH3COOH的電離程度：c＜a＜b D．a(chǎn)、b、c三點(diǎn)溶液用1mol?L?1 NaOH溶液中和，消耗NaOH溶液體積：c＜a＜b 9．在密閉容器中進(jìn)行如下可逆反應(yīng)：X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g)，已知X2、Y2、XY三者起始濃度分別為0.1mol?L?1、0.3mol?L?1、0.2mol?L?1，在一定條件下反應(yīng)處于平衡，此時(shí)容器中不可能的情況是 A．X2為0.2mol?L?1 B．Y2為0.35 mol?L?1 C．XY為0.3mol?L?1 D．X2、Y2、XY總濃度為0.6mol?L?1 10．通過(guò)下列實(shí)驗(yàn)操作及現(xiàn)象，不能得出相應(yīng)結(jié)論的是 選項(xiàng) 實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和現(xiàn)象 結(jié)論 A 向滴有酚酞的Na2CO3溶液中加入BaCl2溶液，生成白色沉淀，紅色褪去 Na2CO3溶液中存在水解平衡 B 將金屬鈉在燃燒匙中點(diǎn)燃，迅速伸入集滿CO2的集氣瓶，瓶中產(chǎn)生大量白煙，瓶?jī)?nèi)有黑色顆粒產(chǎn)生 CO2具有氧化性 C 向等物質(zhì)的量濃度的NaCl、Na2CrO4混合溶液中加入2滴AgNO3溶液，只生成白色沉淀 Ksp(AgCl) 13．在一定溫度下，將氣體X和氣體Y各0.16mol充入10L恒容密閉容器中，發(fā)生反應(yīng)X(g)+Y(g)2Z(g)△H<0，一段時(shí)間后達(dá)到平衡。反應(yīng)過(guò)程中測(cè)定的數(shù)據(jù)如下表，下列說(shuō)法正確的是 t/min 2 4 7 9 n(Y)/mol 0.12 0.11 0.10 0.10 A．反應(yīng)前2min的平均速率υ(Z)=2.0×10?3mol?(L?min)-1 B．其他條件不變，降低溫度，反應(yīng)達(dá)到新平衡前υ(逆)＜υ(正)C．該溫度下此反應(yīng)的平衡常數(shù)K=120 D．其他條件不變，再充入0.2mol Z，平衡時(shí)X的體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大 14．取未知濃度的硫酸、鹽酸和醋酸各25.00mL，分別用0.10mol?L?1的NaOH溶液或0.10mol?L?1的稀氨水滴定得到下圖曲線。下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A．由圖可知曲線c為NaOH滴定硫酸 B．由圖可知硫酸的物質(zhì)的量濃度大于鹽酸的物質(zhì)的量濃度 C．曲線b、c的滴定實(shí)驗(yàn)可用酚酞做指示劑 D．由圖可知滴定前醋酸的物質(zhì)的量濃度為0.060mol?L-1 15．下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A．由圖甲可知，升高溫度醋酸鈉的水解程度增大 B．由圖乙可知，a點(diǎn)Kw的數(shù)值比b點(diǎn)Kw的數(shù)值大 C．由圖丙可知，反應(yīng)A(g)+B(g)===2C(g)是吸熱反應(yīng) D．由圖丁可知，反應(yīng)C(金剛石，s)=C(石墨，s)的焓變?chǔ)=ΔH1-ΔH2 16．已知某溫度下，MnCO3、MnS的溶度積分別為2.0×10?11、5.0×10?14。下列推斷不正確的是 A．碳酸錳的溶解度大于硫化錳的溶解度 B．碳酸錳轉(zhuǎn)化成硫化錳的離子方程式為MnCO3(s)+S2?(aq)MnS(s)+CO2?3(aq)C．碳酸錳轉(zhuǎn)化成硫化錳的平衡常數(shù)K=2.5×10?3 D．在含相同濃度的CO2?3，S2?的溶液中滴加氯化錳溶液，先產(chǎn)生沉淀是MnS 第Ⅱ卷（共52分） 二、非選擇題 17．（1）甲醇(CH3OH)是重要的溶劑和替代燃料，工業(yè)上用CO和H2在一定條件下制備CH3OH的反應(yīng)為：CO(g)+2H2(g)CH3OH(g)，在體積為1L的恒容密閉容器中，充入2mol CO和4mol H2，一定條件下發(fā)生上述反應(yīng)，測(cè)得CO(g)和CH3OH(g)的濃度隨時(shí)間變化如圖一所示。 ①?gòu)姆磻?yīng)開始到5min，用CO表示的平均反應(yīng)速率v(CO)=________。②下列說(shuō)法正確的是____________(填字母序號(hào))。A．達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，H2的轉(zhuǎn)化率為65% B．5min后容器中混合氣體的平均相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量不再改變 C．達(dá)到平衡后，再充入氬氣，反應(yīng)速率減小 D．2min前v(正)>v(逆)，2min后v(正) ②對(duì)于可逆反應(yīng)C(s)+2H2O(g)+CaO(s)CaCO3(s)+2H2(g)，采取以下措施可以提高H2產(chǎn)率的是________。(填字母)A．降低體系的溫度 B．壓縮容器的體積 C．增加CaO的量 D．選用適當(dāng)?shù)拇呋瘎?/p> （3）對(duì)于可逆反應(yīng)C(s)+2H2O(g)+CaO(s)CaCO3(s)+2H2(g)，該反應(yīng)_____（填“能”或“不能”）自發(fā)進(jìn)行。 18．H2S在金屬離子的鑒定分析、煤化工等領(lǐng)域都有重要應(yīng)用。請(qǐng)回答： Ⅰ.工業(yè)上一種制備H2S的方法是在催化劑、高溫條件下，用天然氣與SO2反應(yīng)，同時(shí)生成兩種能參與大氣循環(huán)的氧化物。（1）該反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式為__________________________________________________。Ⅱ.H2S是煤化工原料氣脫硫過(guò)程的重要中間體。反應(yīng)原理為 ⅰ.COS(g)＋H2(g)H2S(g)＋CO(g)ΔH＝＋7kJ?mol?1； ⅱ.CO(g)＋H2O(g)CO2(g)＋H2(g)ΔH＝－42kJ?mol?1。（2）已知：斷裂1mol分子中的化學(xué)鍵所需吸收的能量如表所示。分子 COS(g)H2(g)CO(g)H2S(g)H2O(g)CO2(g)能量/(kJ?mol?1)1 319 442 x 678 930 1606 表中x＝________。 （3）向10L容積不變的密閉容器中充入1mol COS(g)、1mol H2(g)和1mol H2O(g)，進(jìn)行上述兩個(gè)反應(yīng)。其他條件不變時(shí)，體系內(nèi)CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)與溫度(T)的關(guān)系如圖所示。 ①隨著溫度升高，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)________(填“增大”或“減小”)。原因?yàn)開________________________________________________。 ②T1℃時(shí)，測(cè)得平衡時(shí)體系中COS的物質(zhì)的量為0.80mol。則該溫度下，COS的平衡轉(zhuǎn)化率為________；反應(yīng)ⅰ的平衡常數(shù)為________(保留兩位有效數(shù)字)。19．(11分)某溫度時(shí)，Ag2SO4在水溶液中的沉淀溶解平衡曲線如圖所示： （1）a點(diǎn)表示Ag2SO4________(填“飽和”或“不飽和”)溶液；（2）b點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的Ksp________(填“<”“>”或“＝”)c點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的Ksp；（3）現(xiàn)將足量的Ag2SO4分別放入： a．40mL 0.01mol?L?1K2SO4溶液 b．10mL蒸餾水 c．10mL 0.02mol?L?1H2SO4溶液 則Ag2SO4的溶解度由大到小的排列順序?yàn)開_______(填字母)。（4）下列有關(guān)Ag2SO4的說(shuō)法中正確的是________。A．含有大量SO2－4的溶液中肯定不存在Ag+ B．Ag2SO4的溶度積常數(shù)(Ksp)＝1.6×10?5(mol?L?1)3 C．0.02mol?L?1的AgNO3溶液與0.2mol?L?1的Na2SO4溶液等體積混合不會(huì)生成沉淀 （5）往Ag2SO4固體中加入足量的Na2CrO4溶液，可觀察到磚紅色沉淀(Ag2CrO4為磚紅色)，寫出沉淀轉(zhuǎn)化的離子方程式：__________________________________________。20．回答下列問題： （1）將等體積等物質(zhì)的量濃度的醋酸和氫氧化鈉溶液混合后，溶液呈_______（填“酸性”，“中性”或“堿性”，下同），溶液中c(Na+)____________c(CH3COO－)（填“<”“>”或“＝”）。 （2）常溫下，取0.2mol?L?1 HCl溶液與0.2mol?L?1 MOH溶液等體積混合，測(cè)得混合后溶液的pH=5。寫出MOH的電離方程式：__________________。（3）99℃時(shí)，向pH＝6的蒸餾水中加入NaHSO4晶體，保持溫度不變，測(cè)得溶液的pH＝2。此時(shí)水的離子積Kw＝________，水電離出的c(H+)＝________，而此時(shí)溶液中的c(Na+)__________c（SO2?4）（填“<”“>”或“＝”）。（4）相同溫度下等物質(zhì)的量濃度的下列溶液中 A．NH4C1 B．NH4HCO3 C．NH4HSO4 D．(NH4)2SO4 ①pH值由大到小的順序是__________(用對(duì)應(yīng)的字母填寫）。 ②NH+4離子濃度由大到小的順序是__________(用對(duì)應(yīng)的字母填寫）。21．某學(xué)生用已知物質(zhì)的量濃度的鹽酸來(lái)測(cè)定未知物質(zhì)的量濃度的NaOH溶液時(shí)，選擇甲基橙作指示劑。請(qǐng)?zhí)顚懴铝锌瞻祝?/p> （1）下圖中___（填“A”或“B”）是堿式滴定管，進(jìn)行該實(shí)驗(yàn)的第一步操作是__________________。 （2）用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鹽酸滴定待測(cè)的NaOH溶液時(shí)，左手握酸式滴定管的活塞，右手搖動(dòng)錐形瓶，眼睛注視錐形瓶中溶液顏色變化，直到因加入一滴鹽酸后，出現(xiàn)________________（填“現(xiàn)象”）說(shuō)明達(dá)到滴定終點(diǎn)。 （3）下列操作中可能使所測(cè)NaOH溶液的濃度數(shù)值偏低的是（）A．酸式滴定管未用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鹽酸潤(rùn)洗就直接注入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鹽酸 B．滴定前盛放NaOH溶液的錐形瓶用蒸餾水洗凈后沒有干燥 C．酸式滴定管在滴定前有氣泡，滴定后氣泡消失 D．讀取鹽酸體積時(shí)，開始仰視讀數(shù)，滴定結(jié)束時(shí)俯視讀數(shù) （4）若滴定開始和結(jié)束時(shí)，酸式滴定管中的液面如圖所示，則所用鹽酸溶液的體積為________mL。 （5）某學(xué)生根據(jù)3次實(shí)驗(yàn)分別記錄有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)如下表： 滴定次數(shù) 待測(cè)NaOH溶液的體積/mL 0.1000mol?L?1鹽酸的體積/mL 滴定前刻度 滴定后刻度 第一次 25.00 0.00 26.11 第二次 25.00 1.56 30.30 第三次 25.00 0.22 26.31 依據(jù)上表數(shù)據(jù)列式計(jì)算該NaOH溶液的物質(zhì)的量濃度（寫出簡(jiǎn)要過(guò)程）。 化 學(xué)答 案 第I卷（選擇題，共48分） 一、選擇題（每小題3分，共48分，每小題只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意）1.【答案】D 【解析】A．活化分子發(fā)生有效碰撞，要求能量高、碰撞方向正確，發(fā)生有效碰撞的分子是活化分子，故說(shuō)法正確；B．活化能是活化分子的平均能量與所有分子的平均能量之差，故說(shuō)法正確；C．催化劑參加反應(yīng)，能夠降低活化分子的活化能，故說(shuō)法正確；D．有效碰撞是活化分子發(fā)生反應(yīng)時(shí)的碰撞，要求具有一定能量和取向，故說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤。2.【答案】C 【解析】A．常溫下，測(cè)定0.1mol?L?1 CH3COOH的pH值，若pH大于1，即可證明為弱電解質(zhì)，選項(xiàng)A不選；B．常溫下，乙酸鈉溶液顯示堿性，說(shuō)明乙酸鈉為為強(qiáng)堿弱酸鹽，從而證明了乙酸為弱電解質(zhì)，選項(xiàng)B不選；C．等體積的0.1mol?L?1 HCl和0.1mol?L?1醋酸溶液，中和這兩種酸所需等物質(zhì)的量濃度的NaOH溶液的體積相等，不能證明醋酸是弱電解質(zhì)，選項(xiàng)C選；D．等體積的0.1mol?L?1 HCl和0.1mol?L?1醋酸溶液，分別與等量的顆粒大小相同的Zn反應(yīng)，鹽酸反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生氣泡的速率較快，說(shuō)明醋酸不完全電離，是弱電解質(zhì)，選項(xiàng)D不選。答案選C。 3.【答案】C 【解析】A．平衡時(shí)，不同物質(zhì)的正逆反應(yīng)速率之比等于化學(xué)計(jì)量系數(shù)之比，則達(dá)平衡時(shí)，3V正(NH3)=2V逆(H2O)，A錯(cuò)誤；B．若單位時(shí)間內(nèi)生成x mol NO的同時(shí)，消耗x mol NH3，都表示反應(yīng)向正向進(jìn)行，不能說(shuō)明反應(yīng)到達(dá)平衡，B錯(cuò)誤；C．達(dá)到化學(xué)平衡時(shí)，若增加容器體積，各物質(zhì)濃度均減小，則正逆反應(yīng)速率均減小，C正確；D．達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，若減小容器體積，相當(dāng)于加壓，平衡左移，則NH3的轉(zhuǎn)化率會(huì)減小，D錯(cuò)誤；綜上所述，本題選C。 4.【答案】D 【解析】A．水是極弱的電解質(zhì)，它能微弱電離生成等量的氫離子和氫氧根離子，故純水呈中性，故A錯(cuò)誤；B．向水中加入稀氨水，一水合氨電離出氫氧根離子，則溶液中氫氧根離子濃度增大，故B錯(cuò)誤；C．純水中c(OH?)×c(H+)=10?14=Kw，Kw是一常數(shù)，只與溫度有關(guān)，溫度不變，Kw不變，故稀酸和稀堿中Kw=c(OH?)×c(H+)=10?14，故C錯(cuò)誤；D．水的電離是吸熱過(guò)程，溫度升高，平衡向電離方向移動(dòng)，氫離子和氫氧根離子濃度增大，故Kw隨之增大，故D正確；故選D。5.【答案】C 【解析】A．本來(lái)稀釋10倍堿性變?nèi)?0倍，pH應(yīng)該是10。但是氨水屬于弱堿，弱堿部分電離，NH3?H2O NH+4+OH?加水稀釋平衡正向移動(dòng)，堿性稍大些，所以比10大些，但大不過(guò)11，故A 能用平衡移動(dòng)原理解釋；B．鋁離子在水溶液中發(fā)生水解，AlCl3+3H2O Al(OH)3+3HCl↑，加熱條件下氯化氫逐漸揮發(fā)，平衡正向移動(dòng)，氫氧化鋁受熱易分解，2Al(OH)3===Al2O3+3H2O，所以把氯化鋁溶液蒸干，灼燒，最后得到的主要固體產(chǎn)物是氧化鋁，故B能用平衡移動(dòng)原理解釋；C．對(duì)2HI(g)H2(g)+I2(g)反應(yīng)前后氣體的物質(zhì)的量沒有變化，改變壓強(qiáng)不會(huì)使平衡發(fā)生移動(dòng)，而減小容器體積，氣體顏色變深，是因?yàn)轶w積變小，碘蒸汽的密度增大，導(dǎo)致顏色加深，故C不能用平衡移動(dòng)原理解釋；D．因?yàn)槿芙舛萐(CaCO3)＜S(CaSO4)，故水垢中的CaSO4時(shí)，加入飽和Na2CO3溶液，能將CaSO4轉(zhuǎn)化為CaCO3，后加鹽酸，水垢溶解，從而除去水垢，故D能用平衡移動(dòng)原理解釋；綜上所述，本題正確答案為C。6.【答案】D 【解析】①說(shuō)明水解顯堿性，正確；①只能說(shuō)明溶液中離子的濃度小，但無(wú)法確定是否是弱酸，不正確；③不能說(shuō)明；④說(shuō)明存在電離平衡，正確；⑤只能說(shuō)明HF的酸性強(qiáng)于碳酸的，不正確；⑥不正確，和溶解性無(wú)關(guān)；⑦只能說(shuō)明溶液顯酸性，不正確，所以答案選D。7.【答案】C 【解析】A．純堿即Na2CO3，是強(qiáng)堿弱酸鹽，能水解出NaOH：Na2CO3+H2O NaHCO3+NaOH，而NaOH能使油脂水解達(dá)到去油污的目的，與水解有關(guān)，A不選；B．鐵離子水解生成能生成氫氧化鐵，水解吸熱，因此加熱促進(jìn)氯化鐵水解，氫氧化鐵濃度增大，溶液顏色變深，與水解有關(guān)，B不選；C．鐵的生銹根據(jù)水膜的酸性強(qiáng)弱可以分為析氫腐蝕和吸氧腐蝕，但均與鹽類水解無(wú)關(guān)，C選；D．硫化鈉Na2S是強(qiáng)堿弱酸鹽，能水解出H2S：S2?+H2O HS?+OH?，HS?+H2O OH?+H2S，H2S有臭雞蛋氣味，與鹽類水解有關(guān)，D不選。答案選C。8.【答案】B 【解析】A．導(dǎo)電能力越強(qiáng)，離子濃度越大，氫離子濃度越大，pH越小，則a、b、c三點(diǎn)溶液的pH為b＜a＜c，A錯(cuò)誤；B．用濕潤(rùn)的pH試紙測(cè)量酸性的pH，a處溶液稀釋，導(dǎo)電能力增大，溶液酸性增強(qiáng)，pH減小，所以測(cè)量結(jié)果偏小，B正確；C．隨水的增多，醋酸的電離程度增大，所以a、b、c三點(diǎn)醋酸的電離程度：a＜b＜c，C錯(cuò)誤；D．a(chǎn)、b、c三點(diǎn)溶液濃度不同，但溶質(zhì)的物質(zhì)的量相同，所以a、b、c三點(diǎn)溶液用1mol?L?1氫氧化鈉溶液中和，消耗氫氧化鈉溶液體積：a=b=c，D錯(cuò)誤；答案選B。9.【答案】A 【解析】若反應(yīng)向正反應(yīng)進(jìn)行到達(dá)平衡，X2、Y2的濃度最小，XY的濃度最大，假定完全反應(yīng)，則： X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g)開始（mol?L?1）0.1 0.3 0.2 變化（mol?L?1）0.1 0.1 0.2平衡（mol?L?1）0 0.2 0.4 若反應(yīng)逆正反應(yīng)進(jìn)行到達(dá)平衡，X2、Y2的濃度最大，XY的濃度最小，假定完全反應(yīng)，則： X2(g)+Y2(g)2XY(g)開始（mol?L?1）0.1 0.3 0.2 變化（mol?L?1）0.1 0.1 0.2平衡（mol?L?1）0.2 0.4 0 因?yàn)榭赡娣磻?yīng)，物質(zhì)不能完全轉(zhuǎn)化所以平衡時(shí)濃度范圍為0 10.【答案】D 【解析】A．Na2CO3溶液水解顯堿性，遇酚酞變紅，加BaCl2溶液，水解平衡逆向移動(dòng)，則證明Na2CO3溶液中存在水解平衡，選項(xiàng)A正確；B．瓶?jī)?nèi)有黑色顆粒產(chǎn)生，說(shuō)明生成C，發(fā)生反應(yīng)是4Na+CO2=====點(diǎn)燃2Na2O+C，CO2中C的化合價(jià)降低，因此CO2作氧化劑，被還原，選項(xiàng)B正確；C．在等濃度NaCl和Na2CrO4混合溶液中加入2滴AgNO3溶液，只生成白色沉淀，說(shuō)明先生成氯化銀沉淀，則Ksp(AgCl) 溫度，化學(xué)平衡向正反應(yīng)方向移動(dòng)，反應(yīng)達(dá)到新平衡前v(逆)＜v(正)，B正確；C.該溫度下此反應(yīng)的平衡常數(shù)K＝，C錯(cuò)誤；D.該反應(yīng)前后氣體的分子數(shù)不變，所以改變壓強(qiáng)后，平衡不移動(dòng)。其他條件不變，再充入0.2mol Z，相當(dāng)于對(duì)原平衡加壓，所以平衡時(shí)X的體積分?jǐn)?shù)不變，D錯(cuò)誤。答案選B。14.【答案】D 【解析】A．由圖像可知加入氫氧化鈉或氨水時(shí)，a的pH在開始階段變化較大，應(yīng)為堿滴定弱酸的變化曲線，則b、c為硫酸鹽酸的滴定曲線，由于濃度未知，則不能確定b、c，故錯(cuò)誤；B．硫酸、鹽酸都為強(qiáng)酸，題中縱坐標(biāo)為pH，不能確定濃度的大小，故錯(cuò)誤；C．如用氨水中和，滴定終點(diǎn)時(shí)溶液呈現(xiàn)酸性，應(yīng)用甲基橙為指示劑，故錯(cuò)誤；D．開始時(shí)醋酸的pH為3，氫離子濃度為0.001mol?L?1，滴定終點(diǎn)時(shí)消耗氫氧化鈉的體積為15mL，則有c×0.025=0.10×0.015，解c=0.06mol?L?1，故正確。故選D。15.【答案】A 【解析】A． 由圖甲可知，升高溫度醋酸鈉溶液的pH增大，故其水解程度增大，A正確；B．Kw只與溫度有關(guān)，a點(diǎn)Kw的數(shù)值與b點(diǎn)Kw的數(shù)值相等，B不正確；C．由圖丙可知，T2對(duì)應(yīng)的化學(xué)反應(yīng)速率較大，故T2溫度較高，C的平衡時(shí)的體積分?jǐn)?shù)較小，故反應(yīng)A(g)+B(g)===2C(g)是放熱反應(yīng)，C不正確；D．由圖丁可知，反應(yīng)C(金剛石，s)=C(石墨，s)是放熱反應(yīng)，由蓋斯定律可知，ΔH=ΔH2-ΔH1，D不正確。本題選A。16.【答案】C 【解析】A．碳酸錳和硫化錳的組成形式相似，溶度積MnCO3＞MnS，則碳酸錳的溶解度大于硫化錳的溶解度，故A正確；B． 碳酸錳中存在碳酸錳的溶解平衡，當(dāng)加入硫離子時(shí)生成硫化錳沉淀，使碳酸錳的溶解平衡右移，反應(yīng)離子方程式為MnCO3(s)+S2?(aq)MnS(s)+CO2?3(aq)，故B正確；C．碳酸錳轉(zhuǎn)化成硫化錳的反應(yīng)方程式為：MnCO3+S2? MnS+CO32?，該反應(yīng)的平衡常數(shù)為K= = ? = = =400，故C錯(cuò)誤；D．MnS和MnCO3是同類型沉淀，可直接根據(jù)Ksp數(shù)值比較溶解性情況，難溶的優(yōu)先產(chǎn)生沉淀，在含相同濃度的CO2? 3、S2?的溶液中滴加氯化錳溶液，由于Ksp(MnS)＜Ksp(MnCO3)，則MnS比MnCO3更難溶，先產(chǎn)生沉淀是MnS，故D正確；故選C。17.【答案】（1）①0.3mol?(L?min)?1；②B（2）①?90.3kJ?mol?1；K1?K2?K3；②A（3）能 【解析】（1）①v(CO)=△c/△t=(2.0?0.5)mol?L?1/5min=0.3mol?(L?min)?1；②A．達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，H2的轉(zhuǎn)化率為(2.0?0.5)mol?L?1×1L×2/4mol=75%，A錯(cuò)誤；B．5min后反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡狀態(tài)，容器中混合氣體的平均相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量不再改變，B正確；C．達(dá)到平衡后，再充入氬氣，濃度不變，反應(yīng)速率不變，C錯(cuò)誤；D．在反應(yīng)達(dá)到平衡前，v(正)>v(逆)，D錯(cuò)誤。答案選B。（2）①由蓋斯定律可知，將已知三個(gè)方程式相加即得到反應(yīng)Ⅳ，C(s)+2H2O(g)+CaO(s)CaCO3(s)+2H2(g)的△H=?90.3kJ?mol?1 ；方程式相加，平衡常數(shù)相乘，反應(yīng)Ⅳ平衡常數(shù)K=K1?K2?K3；②A．正反應(yīng)是放熱反應(yīng)，降低體系的溫度，平衡正向移動(dòng)，可以提高H2產(chǎn)率，A正確；B．壓縮容器的體積，平衡不移動(dòng)，B錯(cuò)誤；C．增加CaO的量，平衡不移動(dòng)，C錯(cuò)誤；D．選用適當(dāng)?shù)拇呋瘎?，平衡不移?dòng)，D錯(cuò)誤；答案選A。（3）此反應(yīng)為放熱反應(yīng)，且沒有熵變，可以自發(fā)進(jìn)行。18.【答案】Ⅰ.（1）4SO2＋3CH4=====催化劑高溫4H2S＋3CO2＋2H2O Ⅱ.（2）1076 （3）①增大 反應(yīng)ⅰ為吸熱反應(yīng)，升高溫度，平衡正向移動(dòng)，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大；反應(yīng)ⅱ為放熱反應(yīng)，升高溫度，平衡逆向移動(dòng)，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)也增大 ②20% 0.044 【解析】（1）天然氣的主要成分是CH4，根據(jù)題意，CH4與SO2反應(yīng)生成H2S、CO2和H2O，反應(yīng)條件是高溫、催化劑。根據(jù)得失電子守恒和原子守恒配平化學(xué)方程式。（2）反應(yīng)熱＝反應(yīng)物總鍵能－生成物總鍵能，對(duì)于反應(yīng)ⅰ，ΔH＝(1319＋442－678－x)kJ?mol?1＝＋7kJ?mol?1，解得x＝1 076（或利用反應(yīng)ⅱ進(jìn)行計(jì)算，ΔH＝(x＋930－1 606－442)kJ?mol－1＝-42kJ?mol?1，解得x＝1076）。（3）①由題圖知，隨著溫度升高，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大。反應(yīng)ⅰ為吸熱反應(yīng)，升高溫度，平衡正向移動(dòng)，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大；反應(yīng)ⅱ為放熱反應(yīng)，升高溫度，平衡逆向移動(dòng)，CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大，綜合來(lái)講，其他條件不變，升高溫度，體系中CO的平衡體積分?jǐn)?shù)增大。②T1℃時(shí)，測(cè)得平衡時(shí)體系中COS的物質(zhì)的量為0.80mol，則反應(yīng)的n(COS)＝0.20mol，故COS的平衡轉(zhuǎn)化率為0.20 mol1 mol×100%＝20%。反應(yīng)ⅰ生成0.20mol CO，剩余0.80mol H2，生成的CO與H2O(g)發(fā)生反應(yīng)ⅱ，設(shè)達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，參加反應(yīng)ⅱ的CO為x mol，利用三段式法進(jìn)行計(jì)算： CO(g)＋ H2O(g)CO2(g)＋H2(g)起始(mol)0.20 0 0.80 轉(zhuǎn)化(mol)x x x x平衡(mol)0.20－x 1－x x 0.80＋x 開始共投入3mol氣體，且反應(yīng)ⅰ和反應(yīng)ⅱ都是氣體分子數(shù)不變的反應(yīng)，故平衡時(shí)體系中氣體的總物質(zhì)的量不變。根據(jù)題圖知，T1℃達(dá)到平衡時(shí)，CO的體積分?jǐn)?shù)為5%，故(0.20－x)mol3 mol×100%＝5%，解得x＝0.05。故平衡時(shí)體系中n(COS)＝0.80mol，n(H2)＝0.80mol＋0.05mol＝0.85mol，n(H2S)＝0.20 mol，n(CO)＝0.20mol－0.05mol＝0.15mol，反應(yīng)ⅰ的平衡常數(shù)K＝c(H2S)?c(CO)c(COS)?c(H2)＝0.20×0.150.80×0.85≈0.044。19.【答案】（1）不飽和 （2）＝ （3）b>a>c（4）BC（5）Ag2SO4＋CrO2－4===Ag2CrO4＋SO2－4 【解析】（1）曲線上的點(diǎn)都是處于平衡狀態(tài)，此時(shí)縱、橫坐標(biāo)的乘積等于Ksp，a點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)的縱、橫坐標(biāo)的乘積小于Ksp，沒有達(dá)到飽和。（2）Ksp僅與溫度有關(guān)。（3）SO2－4對(duì)Ag2SO4的溶解起抑制作 用，使溶解度減小，SO2－4濃度越大，溶解度越小。（4）由Ag2SO4(s)2Ag+(aq)＋SO2－4(aq)知A錯(cuò)；取圖象中b點(diǎn)計(jì)算：Ksp＝c2(Ag+)?c(SO2－4)＝(2×10?2 mol?L?1)2×4×10?2mol?L?1＝1.6×10?5(mol?L?1)3，B對(duì)；Q＝c2(Ag+)?c(SO2－4)＝(1×10?2mol?L?1)2×0.1 mol?L?1＝1×10－5(mol?L－1) （3）1.0×10?12；1.0×10?10mol?L?1；＝（4）①B>A>D>C；②D>C>A>B 【解析】（1）將等體積等物質(zhì)的量濃度的醋酸和氫氧化鈉溶液混合后恰好反應(yīng)生成醋酸鈉，醋酸根水解，溶液呈堿性，根據(jù)電荷守恒可知溶液中c(Na+)＞c(CH3COO－)。（2）常溫下，取0.2mol?L?1 HCl溶液與0.2mol?L?1 MOH溶液等體積混合恰好反應(yīng)生成MCl，測(cè)得混合后溶液的pH=5，說(shuō)明溶液顯酸性，因此M＋水解，則MOH是弱堿，電離方程式為MOH M++OH?。（3）99℃時(shí)，pH＝6的蒸餾水中氫離子與氫氧根濃度均是10－6mol?L?1，則此時(shí)水的離子積Kw＝1.0×10?12。加入NaHSO4晶體，保持溫度不變，測(cè)得溶液的pH＝2，即氫離子濃度是0.01mol?L?1，所以氫氧根濃度是10?10mol?L?1，硫酸氫鈉抑制水的電離，則水電離出的氫離子濃度等于溶液中氫氧根的濃度，為1.0×10?10mol?L－1，硫酸氫鈉不水解，則根據(jù)硫酸氫鈉的化學(xué)式可知而此時(shí)溶液中的c(Na+)＝c（SO2?4）。（4）①A．NH4C1溶液中銨根水解，溶液顯酸性；B．NH4HCO3溶液中銨根與碳酸氫根的水解相互促進(jìn)；C．NH4HSO4是強(qiáng)酸的酸式鹽，電離出的氫離子抑制銨根水解；D．(NH4)2SO4溶液中銨根水解，溶液顯酸性，銨根濃度大，酸性強(qiáng)于氯化銨；所以pH值由大到小的順序是B>A>D>C。②根據(jù)以上分析可知NH+4離子濃度由大到小的順序是D>C>A>B。21.【答案】（1）A；檢查儀器是否漏水（2）溶液由黃色變?yōu)槌壬?，且在半分鐘?nèi)不變色（3）D（4）26.10（5）＝ ＝26.10mL，c(NaOH)＝0.1000mol?L?1×26.10ml25.00ml＝0.1044mol?L?1 【解析】（1）A是堿式滴定管，使用滴定管前必須進(jìn)行檢查滴定管是否漏水；（2）選擇甲基橙作指示劑，用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的鹽酸滴定待測(cè)的NaOH溶液時(shí)，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)溶液由黃色變?yōu)槌壬?，且在半分鐘?nèi)不變 色時(shí)，說(shuō)明達(dá)到滴定終點(diǎn)；（3）A．酸式滴定管未用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鹽酸潤(rùn)洗，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)液濃度減小，滴加鹽酸體積增大，就所測(cè)NaOH溶液的濃度數(shù)值偏高，A錯(cuò)誤；B．滴定前盛放NaOH溶液的錐形瓶用蒸餾水洗凈后沒有干燥，沒有影響，B錯(cuò)誤；C．酸式滴定管在滴定前有氣泡，滴定后氣泡消失，滴加鹽酸體積增大，就所測(cè)NaOH溶液的濃度數(shù)值偏高，C錯(cuò)誤；D．讀取鹽酸體積時(shí)，開始仰視讀數(shù)，滴定結(jié)束時(shí)俯視讀數(shù)，滴加鹽酸體積減小，就所測(cè)NaOH溶液的濃度數(shù)值偏低，D正確。答案選D。（4）所用鹽酸溶液的體積為26.10mL；（5）因?yàn)榈诙M實(shí)驗(yàn)中，滴加鹽酸的體積偏差太大，舍去，則二次實(shí)驗(yàn)鹽酸體積的平衡值為： ＝ ＝26.10mL，則c(NaOH)＝0.1000mol?L?1×26.10ml25.00ml＝0.1044mol?L?1。第五篇：高二化學(xué)上學(xué)期期中考試題(附答案)
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