第一篇：2013年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)押題綜合B完型

2013年（綜合）教材沒(méi)有新增文章，以下是2012年新增文章

注： +表示A級(jí)文章；*表示B即文章；其他為C級(jí)文章；

完形填空: 綜合B級(jí)

6*.第六篇：

Teaching and Learning

7.*第七篇：

The Difference between Man and Computer 9.*第九篇：

The First Bicycle 10.*第十篇：

Working Mothers

*第六篇

Teaching and learning（綜合B）

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the information

in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.The ideal student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades.Sometimes homework is returned with brief written comments but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given, the student is responsible for learning the material assigned.When research is assigned, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library.Professors do not have the time to explain how a university library works;they expect students particularly graduate students to exhaust the reference sources in the library.Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students should not be too dependent on them.In the United Stats

professors have many other duties besides teaching，such as administrative or research work.Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is limited.If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either approach a professor during office hours or make an appointment.*第七篇

The Difference between Man and Computer（綜合B）

What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet account for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about what they are interested in.Computers, on the other hand，don't.In fact，computers don't even have interests;there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read.If a computer program is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a “purpose”.Of course, people have several goals that do not make sense to attribute to computers.One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to find a good place to go for a business lunch.Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.However, these physiological and social goals give rise to several intellectual or cognitive goals.A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find information

about the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc.These are goals to acquire information or knowledge, what we are calling learning goals.These goals can be held by computers too;a computer might

“want” to find out the location of a restaurant，and read a guide in order to do so in the same way as a person might.While such a goal would not arise out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the “goal” to learn more about restaurants.*第九篇

The First Bicycle（綜合B）

The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years.In 1791，Count de Sivrac delighted onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention，a machine called the celeriferé.It was basically an enlarged version of a children’s toy which had been in use for many years.Sivrac's “celeriferé had a wooden frame，made in the shape of a horse，which was mounted on a wheel at either end.To ride it，you sat on a small seat，just like a modem bicycle，and pushed hard against the ground with your legs—there were no pedals.It was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no brakes，but despite these problems the invention very much appealed to the fashionable young men of Paris.Soon they were holding races up and down the streets.Minor injuries were common as riders attempted a final burst of speed.Controlling the machine was difficult，as the only way to change direction was to pull up the front of the ”celeriferé“ and turn it round while the front wheel was spinning in the air.”Celeriferés“ were not popular for long，however，as the combination of no springs，no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable.Even so，the wooden celeriferé was the origin of the modem bicycle.*第十篇

Working Mothers（綜合B）

Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal view is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not，there are a number of mothers who just have to work.There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot afford see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic necessity.Many mothers are not cut out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant，they feel trapped and isolated.There are a number of options when it comes to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady across the street.In reality, however，many parents don't have any choice;they have to accept anything they can get.Be prepared!No matter how good the childcare may be，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a perfectly normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family members.Make sure that in the first week you allow plenty of time to help your child settle in.All children are different.Some are independent，while others are more attached to their mothers.Remember that if you want to do the best for your children，it's not the quantity of time you spend with them，it's the quality that matters.完形填空: 綜合B級(jí)

6*.第六篇：

Teaching and Learning

7.*第七篇：

The Difference between Man and Computer

9.*第九篇：

The First Bicycle 10.*第十篇：

Working Mothers

*第六篇

Teaching and Learning（綜合B）

Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.If a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the(1)in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.The(2)student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of(3)_______, not the one interested only in getting high grades.Sometimes homework is returned(4)_______

brief written comments but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given, the student is(5)__ for learning the material assigned.When research is(6)_______, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with(7)______guidance.It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library.Professors do not have the time to explain(8)_______a university library works;they expect students(9)_____graduate students to exhaust the reference(10)_______ in the library.Professors will help students who need it, but(11)_______that their students should not be(12)___dependent on them.In the United Stats

professors have many other duties(13)_____teaching，such as administrative or research work.Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is(14)__.If a student has problems with classroom work , the student should either(15)_____a professor during office hours or make an appointment.詞匯: assignment / ?'sainm?nt/n.任務(wù)，作業(yè)

administrative / ?d'ministr?tiv / adj.管理的，行政的

motivate /'m?uti,veit/ V.剌激，激發(fā)……的積極性

appointment / ?'p?intm?n / n.約定，約會(huì)

exhaust / ig'z?:st / V.耗盡，使筋疲力盡;徹底 討論

注釋: 1....lie with...:……是……的責(zé)任

2....for the sake of learning...:……為了學(xué)習(xí)……

3....approach a professor during office hours...:……在辦公時(shí)間見(jiàn)老師……

練習(xí): 1.A)suggestion

B)context

C)abstract

D)information 2.A)poor

B)ideal

C)average

D)disappointed 3.A)fun

B)work

C)learning

D)prize 4.A)by

B)in

C)for

D)with 5.A)criticized

B)innocent

C)responsible

D)dismissed 6.A)collected

B)distributed

C)assigned

D)finished 7.A)maximum

B)minimum

C)possible

D)practical 8 A)when

B)what

C)why

D)how 9.A)particularly

B)essentially

C)obviously

D)rarely 10.A)selections

B)collections

C)sources

D)origins 11.A)hate

B)dislike

C)like

D)prefer 12.A)too

B)such

C)much

D)more 13.A)but

B)except

C)with

D)besides 14.A)plentiful

B)limited

C)irregu1ar

D)flexible 15.A)greet

B)annoy

C)approach

D)attach

練習(xí): 1.A)suggestion

B)context

C)abstract

D)information 2.A)poor

B)ideal

C)average

D)disappointed 3.A)fun

B)work

C)learning

D)prize 4.A)by

B)in

C)for

D)with

5.A)criticized

B)innocent

C)responsible

D)dismissed 6.A)collected

B)distributed

C)assigned

D)finished 7.A)maximum

B)minimum

C)possible

D)practical 8 A)when

B)what

C)why

D)how 9.A)particularly B)essentially

C)obviously

D)rarely 10.A)selections

B)collections

C)sources

D)origins 11.A)hate

B)dislike

C)like

D)prefer 12.A)too

B)such

C)much

D)more 13.A)but

B)except

C)with

D)besides 14.A)plentiful

B)limited

C)irregu1ar

D)flexible 15.A)greet

B)annoy

C)approach

D)attach

答案與題解: 1.D

綜合第一句的大意，只有 D 選項(xiàng)”信息“填在這里恰當(dāng)，A 選項(xiàng)的意思是”提議，暗示“，B”語(yǔ)境，上下文“，C”摘要“。

2.B

此句大意為”理想的學(xué)生是為了學(xué)習(xí)而學(xué)習(xí)“，只有 ideal最符合要求，故選 B。

3.C

本文講的是與學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，A，B，D 均不合文意及句意，故排除。4.D 此處要區(qū)分幾個(gè)介詞的含義，be returned with 一般有”帶著……回來(lái)“之意，此句意為 ”有時(shí)，被發(fā)回來(lái)的作業(yè)上只有簡(jiǎn)短的評(píng)價(jià)，并無(wú)分?jǐn)?shù)“。be returned by 意為”被……帶回來(lái)“，而 for，in 于此搭配不當(dāng)，答案選 D。5.C be responsible for 是固定搭配，表示”對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)任“。其他選項(xiàng)放在此處都不合上下文含意。

6.C 此句意思是”當(dāng)一項(xiàng)研究課題被選定時(shí)，教授們期望學(xué)生積極去做“。A 和 D 不合題意，最大的干擾項(xiàng) B 意思為”分配，分布“，一般指一個(gè)整體被分散給許多個(gè)體，與之相比，C 選項(xiàng)更為合適。

7.B 老師肯定希望學(xué)生能夠在盡可能少的指導(dǎo)下完成研究。只有 B 選項(xiàng)意為”最小的“，為正確答案。8.D 首先排除 B 選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)榇颂幮枰粋€(gè)關(guān)系副詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的狀語(yǔ)，而 what 是關(guān)系代

詞，之后要看整句的意思，教授們沒(méi)有時(shí)間去給學(xué)生解釋一個(gè)大學(xué)圖書(shū)館是怎樣運(yùn)作的。A 和 C 雖然符合語(yǔ)法要求，但放此處意思不通，故選 D。

9.A

A 選項(xiàng)意為”尤其“，B”本質(zhì)上“，C”明顯地“，D”很少地，難得“。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)畢業(yè)生，A 選項(xiàng)較為合適。

10.C

此句意為”教授們期望學(xué)生，尤其是研究生閱盡圖書(shū)館中的文獻(xiàn)資源 “。A 意為”選集“，B 為”集合“，兩者一般都指文學(xué)作品的”集合“，而此處是學(xué)術(shù)界的文獻(xiàn)。C 與 D 選項(xiàng)都有”來(lái)源，源頭“的意思，但 D 選項(xiàng)側(cè)重于”起源，開(kāi)端“，C 更側(cè)重于”原始資料“，為正確答案。

11.D

根據(jù)下文意思，A和B 選項(xiàng)可直接排除，教授們肯定是喜歡學(xué)生不依賴(lài)他們，不是不喜歡。D 選項(xiàng)的含義比 C 選項(xiàng)更遞進(jìn)了一步，符合題意，故選D。12.A

dependent 是形容詞，前面不能與 such，much 搭配，D 選項(xiàng) more 放在此處構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，但前文并無(wú)原級(jí)與之相比較，因此只剩下 A 為答案，此句意為”教授們?cè)敢鈳椭切┬枰獛椭膶W(xué)生，但更希望學(xué)生不要太過(guò)依賴(lài)他們“。13.D

此題重點(diǎn)在于區(qū)分三個(gè)有”除……之外“含義的介詞。A 選項(xiàng)一般翻譯成”而不是，并不是“，B 選項(xiàng)意為”除去……之外“，D 選項(xiàng)意為”除去……之外還……“，此句意思為”美國(guó)的教授除了教書(shū)之外還有許多其他的職責(zé)“，故 D 為答案。

14.B

根據(jù)上文含義，一個(gè)教授能花在學(xué)生身上的時(shí)間一定是有限的，A，C，D 不合題意，直接排除，B 選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

15.C

此題還是承接上文含義，正因?yàn)榻淌跁r(shí)間有限，因此學(xué)生若想與之溝通，定要等教授在學(xué)校的時(shí)候，或是提前約好。C 選項(xiàng)意為”接近，靠近“，為正確答案，其他選項(xiàng)意思與文意不符，A 為”問(wèn)候“，B 為”使……厭惡“，D 為”依附，伴隨，添加“。

*第七篇

The Difference between Man and Computer（綜合B）

What makes people different from computer programs? What is the missing element that our theories don’t yet(1)____ for? The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories for a reason: to learn more about(2)_____they are interested in.Computers, on the other hand，don't.In fact，computers don't(3)______ have interests;there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read.If a computer(4)___is to be a model of story understanding, it should also read for a ”purpose“.Of course, people have several goals that do not make(5)____to attribute to computers.One might read a restaurant guide(6)____order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to(7)______a good place to go for a business lunch.Computers do not get hungry, and computers do not have business lunches.However, these physiological and social goals give(8)_____to several intellectual

or cognitive goals.A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find(9)______

about the name of a restaurant which(10)______ the desired type of food，how expensive the restaurant is，the location of the restaurant, etc.These are goals to(11)_____ information or knowledge, what we are calling(12)______ goals.These goals can be held by computers too;a computer(13)______ ”want“ to find out the location of a restaurant，and read a guide in order to do so(14)______ the same way as a person might.While such a goal would not(15)______out of hunger in the case of the computer，it might well arise out of the ”goal“ to learn more about restaurants.詞匯: element / 'elim?nt /

n.元素，成分，要素

intellectual /,intil'ekt?u?l/ adj.智力的，聰明的entertainment

/,ent?'teinm?nt/ n.娛樂(lè)，消遣

physiological /,fizi?'l?d?ik?l/ adj.生理學(xué)的，生理的 cognitive / 'k?gnitiv / adj.認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)識(shí)上的

注釋: 1....attribute to computers...:……把……歸于電腦，歸屬于電腦…… 2....in the case of computer...:……對(duì)于電腦來(lái)說(shuō)……

練習(xí): 1.A)express

B)explain

C)account

D)count 2.A)why

B)how

C)what

D)when 3.A)once

B)even

C)ever

D)often 4.A)program

B)instruction

C)system

D)function 5.A)success

B)sense

C)scene

D)point 6.A)of

B)or

C)in

D)and 7.A)find

B)search

C)look

D)watch 8.A)way

B)play

C)rise

D)birth 9.A)place

B)food

C)reference

D)information 10.A)orders

B)sells

C)supports

D)serves 11.A)acquire

B)ask

C)require

D)consult 12.A)understanding B)learning

C)knowledge

D)awareness 13.A)could

B)might

C)should

D)would 14.A)as

B)on

C)by

D)in 15.A)arise

B)rise

C)consent

D)derive

練習(xí): 1.A)express

B)explain

C)account

D)count 2.A)why

B)how

C)what

D)when 3.A)once

B)even

C)ever

D)often 4.A)program

B)instruction

C)system

D)function 5.A)success

B)sense

C)scene

D)point 6.A)of

B)or

C)in

D)and 7.A)find

B)search

C)look

D)watch 8.A)way

B)play

C)rise

D)birth 9.A)place

B)food

C)reference

D)information 10.A)orders

B)sells

C)supports

D)serves 11.A)acquire

B)ask

C)require

D)consult 12.A)understanding B)learning

C)knowledge

D)awareness 13.A)could

B)might

C)should

D)would 14.A)as

B)on

C)by

D)in 15.A)arise

B)rise

C)consent

D)derive

答案與題解:

1.C

此處考查對(duì)固定搭配的掌握情況，只有account能與for 搭配，意為”解釋“，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞都是及物動(dòng)詞，不與介詞搭配。

2.C

分析全句，此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填 what，此句意為

”去了解他們所感興趣的東西“，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為關(guān)系副詞，不能充當(dāng)從句中的賓語(yǔ)。3.B

此處選 even 加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，”事實(shí)上，電腦甚至都沒(méi)有興趣“。

4.A

computer program 是常見(jiàn)搭配，意為”電腦程序“，其他選項(xiàng)與句意不符，故排除。

5.B

make sense 是固定搭配，意思是”有道理, 合理, 能被理解“。整句的意思為”當(dāng)然人也有目標(biāo)，但這些目標(biāo)若被歸在電腦身上便不合邏輯了“。

6.C in order to 是固定搭配，表示目的，意為”為了……“，故選 C。

7.A

結(jié)合上下文我們得知，此處應(yīng)填具有”尋找“含義的詞，watch 沒(méi)有此含義，首先被排除，C 選項(xiàng)后若加上 for，便符合文意，search 有”搜尋，查找“的含義，但一般指深人徹底地調(diào)查，只 有 A 選項(xiàng) find 在含義和語(yǔ)氣上都符合句意。8.C

從下一句便可找到答案為 C 選項(xiàng)，give rise to 意為”引起，導(dǎo)致，使發(fā)生“。

9.D

選擇 D 意為”找到關(guān)于餐館名字的信息“，其他選項(xiàng)放此處均不合適。

10.D

此處需填一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，因此要搞清主語(yǔ)”餐館“與賓語(yǔ)”食物“之間的關(guān)系，只有”餐館供應(yīng)食物“合乎邏輯，故答案為 serve。11.A

上文提到了種種人生理的、智力上的、認(rèn)知的目標(biāo)，因?yàn)轲I得到了有關(guān)餐館的信息，因而

此處要填”獲取“，B，C，D 與文意不符。12.B

此空依然承接上文的意思，那些目標(biāo)都是獲取信息的目標(biāo)，都是學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo),答案為 B 選項(xiàng)。

13.B

此處缺一個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，閱讀到后半句時(shí)便很容易選出答案，此處的 might 與后面 as a person might 相呼應(yīng)，表示不確定的推測(cè)，意為”可能，也許“。

14.D

能與 way 搭配的介詞一般只有 in，表示”以……方式“，此處的含義為”與一個(gè)人可能想要做事的方式相同“。

15.Aarise out of 是固定搭配，意為”起于……“，即使不知道短語(yǔ)的含義，看到后面又出現(xiàn)一次 arise out of，也應(yīng)可以選出答案。

*第九篇

The First Bicycle（綜合B）

The history of the bicycle goes back more than 200 years.In 1791，Count de Sivrac(1)________onlookers in a park in Paris as he showed off his two-wheeled invention，a machine called the celeriferé.It was basically an(2)________version of a children’s toy which had been in(3)________ for many years.Sivrac's ”celeriferé had a wooden frame，made in the(4)________ of a horse，which was mounted on a wheel at either end.To ride it，you sat on a small seat，just like a modem bicycle，and pushed(5)________ against the(6)________with your legs—there were no pedals.It was impossible to steer a celeriferé and it had no brakes，but despite these problems the invention very much(7)________to the fashionable young men of Paris.Soon they were(8)________ races up and down the streets.Minor(9)________were common as riders attempted a final burst of(10)________.Controlling the machine was difficult，as the only way to change(11)________ was to pull up the front of the “celeriferé” and(12)________it round while the front wheel was(13)________ in the air.“Celeriferés” were not popular for long，however，as the(14)________of no springs，no steering and rough roads made riding them very uncomfortable.Even so，the wooden celeriferé was the(15)________of the modem bicycle.詞匯：

count / kaunt / n.伯爵

brake / breik /

n.閘，剎車(chē) onlooker / '?n,luk? / n.觀眾

burst / b?:st / v.爆發(fā)，突發(fā)，爆炸

pedal / 'pedl / n.踏板，腳蹬子

spring / spri? / n.' 彈簧

steer / sti? / v.駕駛，操縱，控制

rough / r?f / adj，粗糙的，不平整的注釋: 1....which was mounted on a wheel at either end: ……兩端都裝上了輪子 2

...as riders attempted a final burst of speed:……當(dāng)騎手嘗試最后沖刺的時(shí)候

練習(xí): 1.A)delighted

B)cheered

C)appreciated

D)overjoyed 2.A)increased

B)enormous

C)extended

D)enlarged 3.A)use

B)play

C)operation

D)service 4.A)resemblance

B)shape

C)body

D）appearance 5.A)fast

B)deeply

C)heavily

D)hard 6.A)surface

B)ground

C)earth

D)floor 7.A)attracted

B)appealed

C)took

D)called 8.A)going

B)getting

C)holding

D)making 9.A)wounds

B)trips

C)injuries

D)breaks 10.A)velocity

B)energy

C)pace

D)speed 11.A)direction

B)route

C)heading

D)way 12.A)ro11

B)drive

C)turn

D)revolve 13.A)cycling

B)circling

C)winding

D)spinning 14.A)mixture

B)link

C)combination

D)union 15.A)origin

B)design

C)model

D)introduction

練習(xí): 1.A)delighted

B)cheered

C)appreciated

D)overjoyed 2.A)increased

B)enormous

C)extended

D)enlarged 3.A)use

B)play

C)operation

D)service 4.A)resemblance

B)shape

C)body

D）appearance 5.A)fast

B)deeply

C)heavily

D)hard 6.A)surface

B)ground

C)earth

D)floor 7.A)attracted

B)appealed

C)took

D)called 8.A)going

B)getting

C)holding

D)making 9.A)wounds

B)trips

C)injuries

D)breaks 10.A)velocity

B)energy

C)pace

D)speed 11.A)direction

B)route

C)heading

D)way 12.A)ro11

B)drive

C)turn

D)revolve 13.A)cycling

B)circling

C)winding

D)spinning 14.A)mixture

B)link

C)combination

D)union 15.A)origin

B)design

C)model

D)introduction

答案與題解:

1.A

根據(jù)句意，西夫拉克伯爵使公園里的觀眾都感到高興，能表示“使……高興”意思的只有 A 和 D，而 D 選項(xiàng) overjoy 意思為“使……過(guò)度興奮，狂喜”，感情色彩過(guò)于強(qiáng)烈，這里應(yīng)填 delight“使……喜悅”。

2.D

一開(kāi)始發(fā)明的自行車(chē)應(yīng)該是個(gè)兒童玩具的擴(kuò)大版，increased“ 增加的”，enormous“ 巨大的”，extended“延伸的”均不合題意。

3.A

此處有三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以與 in 搭配，in use“ 在使用中”，in operation“ 生效，運(yùn)行中”，in service“服務(wù)中”，只有 in use 填入此空符合邏輯，故選擇 A。4.B

最早的自行車(chē)是用木頭支架做成馬的形狀，弄懂意思后答案一目了然，resemblance 意為 “相似，相似物”，appearance“外貌，外觀”。

5.D

此處意思為“用腳使勁蹬地”，故選 hard。heavily 意為“沉重地，猛烈地”。6.B

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都眼“地”有點(diǎn)關(guān)系，surface“ 表面”，ground“ 地面，土地”，earth“泥土，陸地”，floor“地板，地面”，比較之后，只有 ground 比較合適。

7.B

appeal to 意思為“吸引”，attract 本身就是及物動(dòng)詞“吸引”，后不需要加介詞 to，take to意為“開(kāi)始喜歡，開(kāi)始從事”。

8.C

hold races 在這里是“舉行賽跑”的意思，其他選項(xiàng)不合題意。

9.C

人們?cè)谧詈鬀_刺的時(shí)候，受點(diǎn)小傷是很常見(jiàn)的。只有 wound 和 injury 有“受傷，傷害”的意思，wound 做名詞一般指“傷口，受傷的地方”，injury 指“小傷”，為正確答案。

10.D

此處表示“最后猛一沖刺”，一定是速度很快，除了 B 選項(xiàng)之外的三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“速度” 之意，velocity“ 速率，速度”，為科學(xué)用語(yǔ)，pace“步調(diào)，步法”，speed“ 速度”，是常用詞，故選D。

11.A

此處的意思是“改變方向”，并不是要改變路線，只有 A 選項(xiàng)符合題意。12.C

想要改變行車(chē)方向需要抬起車(chē)頭在空中掉轉(zhuǎn)，turn round 為慣用搭配，意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)，掉轉(zhuǎn)”，roll 和 revolve 本身就有“旋轉(zhuǎn)”的意思，后面不需加 round。13.D

這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“轉(zhuǎn)圈”的意思，cycle“循環(huán)，騎自行車(chē)”，circle“旋轉(zhuǎn)，環(huán)繞移動(dòng)”，wind“纏繞，上發(fā)條”,spin“自旋，紡紗”，此處主語(yǔ)為 wheel，輪子在空中一定是“自旋”，因此選D。

14.C 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“綜合”的意思，mixture 表示 “混合，混合物”，link“ 連接，結(jié)合”，combination“結(jié)合，組合，聯(lián)合”，union“聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合”，全句意為“結(jié)合了沒(méi)有彈簧、沒(méi)有方向舵，以及遭遇不平整路段等問(wèn)題，木制雙輪車(chē)騎起來(lái)十分不舒服”，只有 C 選項(xiàng)的意思放在此處最恰當(dāng)。

15.A

綜合全文大意，我們得知法國(guó)人發(fā)明的木制雙輪車(chē)便是現(xiàn)代自行車(chē)的始祖，A 選項(xiàng)符合題意。

*第十篇

Working Mothers（綜合B）

Carefully conducted researches that have followed the children of working mothers have not been able to show any long-term problems，compared with children whose mothers stayed at home.My personal(1)_______ is that mothers should be allowed to work if they wish.Whether we like it or not，there are a(2)_______ of mothers who just have to work.There are those who have invested such a big part of their lives in establishing a career that they cannot(3)_______ see it lost.Then there are many who must work out of pure economic(4)_______.Many mothers are not(5)_______ out to be full-time parents.After a few months at home with a much loved infant，they feel trapped and isolated.There are a number of options when it(6)_______ to choosing childcare.These range from child minders and nannies through to Granny or the kind lady(7)_______

the street.(8)_______, however，many parents don't have any choice;they have to accept anything they can get.Be prepared!No(9)_______ how good the childcare may be，some children are going to protest wildly if they are left.This is a(10)_______ normal stage of child development.Babies separate well in the first six months，but soon after that they start to get a crush on Mum and close family(11)_______.Make sure that in the first week you allow(12)_______ time to help your child settle in.All children are different.Some are independent，while others are more(13)_______ to their mothers.Remember that if you want to(14)_______ the best for your children，it's not the quantity of time you spend with them，it's the(15)_______ that matters.詞匯: conduct /k?n'd?kt / v.實(shí)施，實(shí)行

isolate / 'ais?leit/ v.使隔離，使孤立

invest / in'vest / v.投資

option / '?p??n / n.選項(xiàng)，選擇

establish / i'st?bli? / v.建立

nanny / 'n?ni /n.保姆 economic /,i:k?'n?mik/ adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)上的 protest / pr?'test / v.抗議 infant / 'inf?nt/

n.嬰兒，幼兒

crush / kr?? / n: 迷戀

trap / tr?p / v.使陷入困境，使受限制

quantity /'kw?ntiti/ n.數(shù)量

注釋: 1.range from...to...: 從……變動(dòng)到……，在……范圍內(nèi)變化 2....babies separate well in the first six months:……嬰兒剛出生的前六個(gè)月對(duì)與母親分開(kāi)沒(méi)有感覺(jué)……

3....to help your child settle in:……幫助你的孩子安穩(wěn)下來(lái)……

練習(xí): 1.A)view

B)idea

C)thought

D)decision 2.A)percentage

B)group

C)number

D)proportion 3.A)afford

B)decide

C)hope

D)expect 4.A)reason

B)duty

C)necessity

D)task 5.A)made

B)cut

C)brought

D)born 6.A)refers

B)concerns

C)turns

D)comes 7.A)of

B)opposite

C)across

D)next to 8.A)In addition

B)In fact

C)In reality

D)In contrast 9.A)way

B)matter

C)surprise

D)exception 10.A)perfectly

B)extremely

C)very

D)certainly 11.A)people

B)adults

C)members

D)grown-ups 12.A)little

B)no

C)lots

D)plenty of 13.A)used

B)attached

C)keen

D)fond 14.A)make

B)give

C)have

D)do 15.A)quality

B)attitude

C)behavior

D)manner

練習(xí): 1.A)view

B)idea

C)thought

D)decision 2.A)percentage

B)group

C)number

D)proportion 3.A)afford

B)decide

C)hope

D)expect 4.A)reason

B)duty

C)necessity

D)task 5.A)made

B)cut

C)brought

D)born 6.A)refers

B)concerns

C)turns

D)comes 7.A)of

B)opposite

C)across

D)next to 8.A)In addition

B)In fact

C)In reality

D)In contrast 9.A)way

B)matter

C)surprise

D)exception 10.A)perfectly

B)extremely

C)very

D)certainly 11.A)people

B)adults

C)members

D)grown-ups 12.A)little

B)no

C)lots

D)plenty of 13.A)used

B)attached

C)keen

D)fond 14.A)make

B)give

C)have

D)do

15.A)quality

B)attitude

C)behavior

D)manner

答案與題解:

1.A

此處闡明作者的觀點(diǎn)，只有view 能代表對(duì)某方面的“見(jiàn)解”或“觀點(diǎn)”，其他選項(xiàng)只是單 純的“想想、法”或是“決定”, 不合題意。

2.C

a number of 是固定搭配，修飾可數(shù)名詞，表示數(shù)量上“很多”。3.A

can't afford to do sth.為慣用語(yǔ)，表示“負(fù)擔(dān)不起……”。4.C

此題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)法上都能與前面的 out of 搭配，out of reason 意為“無(wú)理的,不合理的”，out of duty 與 out of task 意思是“出于責(zé)任，任務(wù)的”，out of necessity “有必要，出于.…...的必要，綜合分析只有C選項(xiàng)填入此空較為合理。

5.B

固定搭配 be cut out for/be cut out to do sth.意為”適合于，天生就是做某事的料“，make out”理解，辨認(rèn)出;親熱“，bring out”使顯出;出版;生產(chǎn)“，只有 B 選項(xiàng)符合文意。

6.D

it comes to sth.為慣用說(shuō)法，在這里意思是”涉及“，整句說(shuō)的是”當(dāng)涉及兒童托管時(shí)，有許多方式可供選擇“，refer to 意為”指……而言“。

7.C across the street 意為”街對(duì)面“，其他選項(xiàng)的詞搭配不當(dāng)，故選 C。8.C 此處討論在現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況下，很多父母根本沒(méi)有選擇的余地?！痹诂F(xiàn)實(shí)狀況下“就是 in reality，此題容易誤選 B，in fact 意為”事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上“，常常表示經(jīng)過(guò)推論得出的結(jié)果，放在此處其實(shí)也不算錯(cuò)，但是完形填空不是讓我們選出正確的答案，而是選出最合適的選項(xiàng)，故此題選 C。9.B

no matter +疑問(wèn)詞，表示”無(wú)論……“，此句意為”不管你選的托管方式有多好，一些孩子被留下時(shí)，都會(huì)激烈抗議“。

10.A

perfectly normal 為慣用說(shuō)法，意思是”完全正常的“，其他選項(xiàng)雖說(shuō)在語(yǔ)法上與邏輯上也不錯(cuò)，但 perfectly 更好些。

11.C

family members”家庭成員“，其他選項(xiàng)均不適合，C 為正確答案。

12.D

首先從邏輯上排除 A 和 B 選項(xiàng)，一定是留給孩子足夠”多“的時(shí)間。C 選項(xiàng) lots 后面若能加上介詞 of 則構(gòu)成修飾可數(shù)名字的短語(yǔ)，lots of”許多的“，原文中被修飾詞 time 是不可數(shù)名詞，只有 D 選項(xiàng) plenty of 可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示”大量的“。

13.B

四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中除了 fond 與 of 搭配，意為”喜歡“之外，其他的選項(xiàng)都可與 to 搭配，be used to sth./doing”習(xí)慣于(做)某事“，be attached to”依附于，依戀于“，be keen to do sth.”急切，渴望“，此處孩子要”依戀于“母親，因此 B 選項(xiàng)正確。

14.D

此處意為”為你的孩子做到最好“，一般用 do one' s best for，而不用 make one' s best，若想用 give，則是 give one' s best to，因此只有 D 選項(xiàng)符合要求。15.A

上半句的 quantity 已經(jīng)對(duì)此題的答案做出了暗示，一定是”質(zhì)量“ quality 與”數(shù)量" quantity 相對(duì)。

第二篇：2014職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)押題 理工B 完型填空

完型填空：

第十篇Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries, ____1____ according to a study inPsychological Science, they’re good for your heart and____2____.“comfort food1 ” and how it makes people feel.“For me____3____, food has always played a big role in my family”, says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student2 at the University of Buffalo3，and lead author4 on the study.The study came out of the research program of his co-author Shira Gabriel.It has____4____ non-human things that may affect human emotions.Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their____5____ TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones.Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect____6____ making people think of their nearest and dearest5.In one experiment, in order to make____7____ feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to them.Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment.Then, some people in each____8____ wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food.____9____ the researchers had participants____10____ questions about their levels of loneliness6.Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely.But people who were generally____11____ in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food.“We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us,” says Troisi.u Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others.” In ____12____ essays on comfort food, many people wrote about the____13____ of eating food with family and friends.In another experiment,____14____ chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if7 they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food.This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it.Throughout everyone’s daily lives8 they experience stress, often associated with our ____15____ with others, “Troisi says.‘‘Comfort food can be an easy remedy for loneliness.詞匯：

mashed / m??t / adj．被搗成糊漿的 macaroni / ,m?k?'r??n? / n．通心粉 cheese / t?i?z / n．奶酪 artery / 'ɑ?t?r? / n．動(dòng)脈

assignment / ?'sa?nm?nt / n．指定作業(yè)

reminder / r?ma?nd? / n．起提醒作用的東西 remedy / rem?d? / n．治療方法，藥物 virtual / v??tj??l / adj．虛擬的

注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1．comfort food：爽心食品 2．graduate student：研究生

3．The University of Buffalo：布法羅大學(xué)，建校于1846年，位于水牛城（Buffalo City），屬于紐約州立大學(xué)，因此稱(chēng)為紐約州立大學(xué)水牛城分校。4．lead author：首席作者

5．their nearest and dearest：他們最接近和最親愛(ài)的人 6．levels of loneliness：孤獨(dú)程度 7．only if：只有（在……情況下）

8．Throughout everyone’s daily lives：在每一個(gè)人的日常生活中。through有“貫穿”的意思。練習(xí)：

1．A but B if C though D while 2．A personality B movement C emotions D will 3．A privately B usefully C awfully D personally 4．A looked for B looked at C looked after D looked up 5．A favorite B trustful C boring D annoying 6．A with B on C by D at 7．A professors B participants C assistants D scientists 8．A group B class C section D part 9．A Previously B Formally C Initially D Finally 10．A remember B explain C rewrite D complete 11．A sad B secure C shy D angry 12．A your B our C his D their 13．A accident B harm C experience D model 14．A eating B exchanging C buying D keeping 15．A expressions B estimation C cooperation D connections 答案與題解：

1．A 本句前半句說(shuō)土豆泥、通心粉等對(duì)血管有害（bad），后半句說(shuō)這些食物對(duì)心臟有利（good）。很明顯，前半句與后半句意思相反，所以要選轉(zhuǎn)折連接詞but加以連接。

2．C 根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷，吃土豆泥不會(huì)對(duì)personality（性格）movement（移動(dòng)）或will（意志力）產(chǎn)生有利影響。隨后的文章，多處提到吃爽心食品（comfort food）有助于排解孤獨(dú)感。所以，選emotions是正確的。

3．D 本題的答案是personally。For me personally（就我個(gè)人而言）與下文的意思很連貫。privately（私下地）、usefully（有用地）或awftilly（可怕地）與下文的意思搭不上，所以不會(huì)是答案。

4．B 本題的答案是looked at。“l(fā)ooked at non-human things”相當(dāng)于“studied（研究）non-human things”，與上下文的意思很匹配。looked for（尋找）、looked after（照顧）和looked up（查找）與下文的意思搭配不上。

5．A 本句的意思是：人們?yōu)榱伺沤夤陋?dú)感，常常把自己和電視劇、流行歌曲歌手等等聯(lián)系起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)中有四個(gè)形容詞，應(yīng)該選哪一個(gè)形容詞去修飾TV shows呢？應(yīng)該選褒義的形容詞：favorite（喜愛(ài)的）或trustful（可信任的）。但對(duì)電視劇來(lái)說(shuō)談不上信任的問(wèn)題。favorite最合理，是本題答案。

6．C 上一句說(shuō)到，人們?yōu)榱伺沤夤陋?dú)感，常常把自己和喜愛(ài)的電視劇、流行歌曲歌手等聯(lián)系起來(lái)。于是Troisi和Gabriel想，通過(guò)吃爽心食品讓他們想起親近的人，是不是也能產(chǎn)生同樣的排解孤獨(dú)感的效果呢？四個(gè)介詞中只有by的詞義是“通過(guò)”。其余三個(gè)介詞在詞義上都不合適。

7．B 選professors（教授）、assistants（助手）或scientists（科學(xué)家）不合常理，科學(xué)家選實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象時(shí)不會(huì)選他們。participants（參與者）是本題的答案。

8．A 本題應(yīng)該選group，備每一組的參與者。用class（班級(jí)）、section（部門(mén)）或part（部分）在意義上顯然都不合適。

9．D 本段敘述試驗(yàn)的幾個(gè)步驟。第一步要一部分受試者描寫(xiě)與親人的爭(zhēng)斗，其他受試者寫(xiě)情感上中性的話題。第二步（文中用then加以連接）將上述兩組受試者中的每一組再一分為二，一些人描寫(xiě)吃爽心食品的經(jīng)歷，另一些人描寫(xiě)吃新食品的經(jīng)歷。接下來(lái)應(yīng)該是第三步了。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中尋找，只有Finally最合適，原來(lái)第三步就是最后一步了。

10．D 實(shí)驗(yàn)的最后一步是受試者被要求書(shū)面回答10個(gè)問(wèn)題。complete是答案。要求他們r(jià)emember（記住）、delete（刪除）或rewrite（重寫(xiě)）questions都不合乎邏輯。

11．B 與親近的人爭(zhēng)吵會(huì)引發(fā)孤獨(dú)感，但是，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，人們的關(guān)系若是通常處于什么狀態(tài)，通過(guò)寫(xiě)出他們吃爽心食品的經(jīng)歷會(huì)降低他們的孤獨(dú)感呢？一定不會(huì)是sad，shy或angry，答案應(yīng)該是secure（穩(wěn)定的）。

12．D 修飾essays的所有格代詞在人稱(chēng)與數(shù)上要與they一致，所以their是答案。

13．C “eating food with family and friends”是一種experience（經(jīng)歷），不會(huì)是一個(gè)accident（事故）、harm（危害）或model（樣式）。很明顯，experience是本題的答案。

14．A 文章中幾次提到吃爽心食品有助于緩解孤獨(dú)感，所以本題選eating是很自然的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，exchanging（交換）、buying（買(mǎi)）或keeping（保留）若填入句子中，與后面的賓語(yǔ)chicken soup in the lab連用，意思上說(shuō)不通。

15．D 本題的答案是connections。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)在意思上都不合適。

第九篇Wonder Webs

Spider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps.And the world’s best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider.The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet____1____ enough to snare a flying bird without breaking.The secret of the web’s strength? A type of super-resilient____2____ called dragline.When the female spider is ready to____3____ the web’s spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out through a hollow nozzle in her belly.Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along____4____ to spin the web’s trademark spiral.Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver____5____ her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years1.The silky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high-strength human-made____6____used in bullet-proof vests.And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension, a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its original____7____and snap back as well as new.No human-made fiber even comes____8____.It is no____9____ manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk.In the consumer pipeline: high-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run2.Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables.A steady____10____ of spider silk would be worth billions of dollars — but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does not____11____ because the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighbors.Now, scientists at the biotechnology company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline.The____12____ step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders.Next, implant trie genes into goat egg cells.The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete dragline silk proteins in their____13____.“The young goats pass on the silk-making gene without____14____ help from us,” says Nexia president Jeffrey Turner.Nexia is still perfecting the spinning process，but they hope artificial spider silk will soon be snagging customers____15____ the real thing snags bugs.詞匯：

orb / ??b / n．圓狀物 snare / sne?(r)/ v．誘捕 snap / sn?p / v．（網(wǎng)）戳破，迅速?gòu)椈?resilient / r?'z?l??nt / adj．彈回的 dragline n．（蜘蛛的）避敵絲 spoke / sp??k / n．輻條 nozzle / 'n?zl / n．噴嘴

trademark / 'tre?dmɑ?k / n．標(biāo)記，特征 spiral / 'spa??r?l / n．螺旋形

handiwork / 'h?nd?w??k / n．手工制品 bullet-proof / 'bulitpru:f / adj．防彈的

tensile / 'tensa?l / adj．可拉長(zhǎng)的，張力的 strand / str?nd / n．繩，線之一股

clamor / 'kl?m?(r)/ v．大嚷，強(qiáng)烈要求 pipeline / 'pa?pla?n / n．管道，渠道 stocking / 'st?k?? / n．長(zhǎng)襪

parachute / 'p?r??u?t / n．降落傘

territorial / ,ter?'t??r??l / n．領(lǐng)土的，領(lǐng)地的 arthropod / 'ɑ?θr?p?d / n．節(jié)肢動(dòng)物 devour / d?'va?? / v．吞吃 nanny goat 雌山羊

secrete / s?'kri?t / v．分泌 snag / sn?g / v．抓住

注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1．sometimes not for two years：相當(dāng)于sometimes it does not fall apart for two years。2．run：（編織物）抽絲 練習(xí)：

1．A tough B soft C large D smooth 2．A cloth B silk C nylon D wool 3．A repair B pull C move D weave 4．A him B her C it D those 5．A refixes B reproduces C remakes D reuses 6．A metal B mass C material D model 7．A bredth B length C height D strength 8．A close B well C open D awake 9．A hurry B worry C wonder D use 10．A shipment B supply C run D exchange 11．A run B go C deal D work 12．A previous B foremost C first D front 13．A milk B meat C lungs D muscle 14．A no B any C some D many 15．A as fast as B as long as C as fully as D as little as 答案與題解：

1．A flying bird飛入蜘蛛網(wǎng)時(shí)有股沖力，網(wǎng)線堅(jiān)韌才能捕捉到它，所以選tough。本句中的without breaking也指示選tough。

2．B 英語(yǔ)中蜘蛛網(wǎng)絲是spider silk。見(jiàn)第三段、第四段分別出現(xiàn)的silky thread和spider silk。

3．D 本句說(shuō)蜘蛛織網(wǎng)的機(jī)制和過(guò)程，所以選weave。而且，這種蜘蛛就叫Golden Orb Weaver。

4．C 從上下文判斷，along之后接的是the dragline,其代詞應(yīng)為it。

5．D 本句說(shuō)Golden Orb Weaver與某些種類(lèi)的蜘蛛不同，它不用每天織新網(wǎng)，只要網(wǎng)不破，就能一直使用下去，有時(shí)一用兩年，所以選reuses。

6．C 本句將Golden Orb Weaver蜘蛛網(wǎng)的牢度和張度與防彈衣材料Kevlar對(duì)比，說(shuō)明該蜘蛛網(wǎng)堅(jiān)韌的程度。填入的詞應(yīng)該是Kevlar的同位語(yǔ)，Kevlar是一種材料，所以選material。

7．B 除了上下文的意思要求填length之外，本句中的用詞stretch和longer都指示要用length。

8．A come后面可接形容詞。come close意為“接近”。come well，come open，come awake都能搭配，但意思與上下文不符。

9．C It is no wonder（that）是“不足為奇，十分自然”的意思。只有選wonder意思才連貫。

10．B 從意義上判斷，a steady supply是正確的選擇。shipment（運(yùn)送）、run（運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)）或exchange（交換）的意思與上下文配不上。

11．D 上下文的意思要求用“起作用”這個(gè)詞，英語(yǔ)work在本句的詞義是“起作用”。

12．C 下一句是以next開(kāi)始的。有next，前面很可能有first之類(lèi)表次序的詞。

13．A 常識(shí)告訴我們，把dragline silk proteins分泌在milk里，才容易分離出來(lái)，所以選meat，lungs或muscle都是不合常理的。

14．B 在without之后要用any，—般不用some。英語(yǔ)不說(shuō)without no...，many不能修飾help。

15．A 本題只能選as fast as。若選B、C或D，意思與上下文不符。

第六篇Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely

Speeding off1 in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch2.But he is in a nasty3 surprise.The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine____1____ , he will not be able to start it again.For now, such devices____2____ only available for fleets of trucks4 and specialist vehicles used on construction sites.But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars5，and____3____ be available to ordinary cars in the UK____4____ two months.The idea goes like this.A control box fitted to the car incorporates6____5____ miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS7 satellite positioning receiver.____6____ the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine____7____ restarted.There are even plans for immobilizers____8____ shut down vehicles on the move8, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.In the UK, an array of9 technical fixes10 is already making____9____ harder for car thieves.“The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire11 that is funded in part____10____ the motor insurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to____11____ a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools12.But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition13, as their engine management computer will not____12____ them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out14 by the iginition key.In the UK, technologies like this____13____ achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime15 since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars.Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary.In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were

taken by using the owner’s keys, which doubles the previous year’s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would____14____ a major new obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless.A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than the____15____ expects.詞匯：

immobilizer n.使車(chē)輛不能調(diào)動(dòng)的裝置 cellphone n.移動(dòng)電話，手機(jī) ignition n.點(diǎn)火 trickle v.慢慢移動(dòng)

immobilization n.使車(chē)輛不能調(diào)動(dòng) burglary n.夜竊行為;盜竊 注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1.speed off：超速駕駛 2.catch：捕獲物，獵獲物

3.nasty：very unpleasant or annoying使人不愉快的;煩人的

4.fleets of trucks：卡車(chē)隊(duì)。fleet：a group of vessels or vehicles owned or operated as a unit車(chē)隊(duì)

5.trickle down to ordinary cars：慢慢地用到普通汽車(chē)上。trickle：to move or proceed slowly or bit by bit慢慢地或一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地移動(dòng)或前進(jìn)

6.incorporate：to cause to merge or combine together into a united whole混合，合并到某一整體中

7.GPS：Global Positioning System全球定位系統(tǒng) 8.vehicles on the move：在行駛中的車(chē)輛 9.an array of：一群;一批 10.technical fixes：技術(shù)裝置

11.Berkshire：a county of south-central England貝克郡，位于英格蘭中南部

12.a bare minimum of tools：極少的工具。bare: just sufficient;mere剛剛充足的;僅僅

13.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition：現(xiàn)代車(chē)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有這么簡(jiǎn)單(偷盜現(xiàn)代車(chē)要困難得多)。proposition: a matter to be dealt with;a task任務(wù)，要處理的事務(wù)。14.beam out：to emit or transmit發(fā)送，傳送

15.drop in vehicle-related crime：涉及車(chē)輛犯罪案的下降。drop：decrease下降 練習(xí)：

1.A off

B on

C at

D of 2.A is

B was

C were

D are

3.A can

B have to

C need to

D should 4.A after

B for

C in

D at 5.A the

B /

C a

D an 6.A With

B If

C But

D And 7.A helping

B being

C get

D be 8.A whose

B who

C that

D when 9.A life

B cars

C warning

D problem 10.A about

B to

C by

D on 11.A use

B inform

C ask

D teach

12.A 13.A 14.A 15.A let

B allow

C make

D give hav helped

B helped

C had helped

D was helped speak

B have

C link

D put

lawyer

B doctor

C customer

D specialist 答案與題解：

1.A 該段主要是說(shuō)，如果車(chē)被盜，只要發(fā)出無(wú)線電信號(hào)，remote immobilizer就能使被盜車(chē)一旦停下就無(wú)法再啟動(dòng)。因此，應(yīng)選擇A。如選擇B，switches the engine on(發(fā)動(dòng)引擎)句子意思便不符合文章內(nèi)容。C和D與switch不搭配。

2.D devices是復(fù)數(shù)形式，描述的也是目前的事情，所以應(yīng)使用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)形式are。

3.D 該句說(shuō)，這種遙控技術(shù)很快就會(huì)開(kāi)始一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地用于普通汽車(chē)。然后作者推斷，在兩個(gè)月后這種技術(shù)就能用于英國(guó)的汽車(chē)。A是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)樵摼淝懊嬗昧薱ould表示委婉的推斷，在此不會(huì)用can;B和C與意思不符，should也是表示推斷。

4.C 從搭配上來(lái)看，可以選擇B和C，但是從意思上來(lái)看，必須選擇C。for two months：已經(jīng)有兩個(gè)月了;in two months：兩個(gè)月后。不能選擇A,因?yàn)椴环嫌⒄Z(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。又如：They will graduate in one year.他們一年后畢業(yè)。

5.C 這里應(yīng)該使用不定冠詞，而且miniature cellphone后面的并列定語(yǔ)都使用不定冠詞。不能選擇an，因它后面的名詞由輔音開(kāi)頭。

6.B 從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，這里應(yīng)選擇引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞，其他選項(xiàng)都會(huì)造成結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤。而且，If正符合句子的意思。

7.B prevent sth.(from)doing是固定用法，restart這里要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)being restarted，所以應(yīng)選擇B。

8.C 從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，這里需要一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系代詞的先行詞immobilizers是物不是人，所以只能用that，不能用who。

9.A 在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，B、C和D顯然不符合文章的意思。這里作者要表達(dá)的意思是：使……日子難過(guò)，所以應(yīng)選擇A。

10.C be funded是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，空格后面是名詞短語(yǔ)，從句子的意思來(lái)判斷，這個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作fund的執(zhí)行者，是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，所以必須使用by來(lái)引導(dǎo)這個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)。

11.D 這個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)是：to take sb.time to do sth.。從意思上判斷，句子的意思應(yīng)該是：他說(shuō)只要花幾分鐘就能教會(huì)一個(gè)新手如何偷盜汽車(chē)。所以，D是答案。use，inform和ask都不能與how to結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。

12.B them后跟著to，所以首先排除A和C(let sb.do sth.)。句子的意思不允許選D。...will not allow them to start...：……不允許它們啟動(dòng)。

13.A 句子后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由since引導(dǎo)，所以句子應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

14.D 從obstacle in the criminal’s way這個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)看出，應(yīng)選擇D，構(gòu)成put obstacle in sb.’s way(給某人設(shè)置障礙)這種固定用法。

15.C 前面有g(shù)o on the market，預(yù)期的人應(yīng)該是customer。當(dāng)然，specialist，doctor或lawyer也可以預(yù)期，但總不及customer那么自然。

譯文：遠(yuǎn)程制止偷車(chē)賊

超速駕駛在偷來(lái)的汽車(chē)?yán)铮弟?chē)賊以為自己大獲全勝。但是他馬上就會(huì)又驚又惱。車(chē)上已經(jīng)被裝了遠(yuǎn)程制動(dòng)裝置，一個(gè)幾英里以外的控制中心發(fā)來(lái)的無(wú)線信號(hào)將確保盜賊一旦啟動(dòng)引擎，他就不能再次發(fā)動(dòng)汽車(chē)了。目前，這種裝置只用于卡車(chē)隊(duì)或者用于建筑工地的特殊車(chē)輛上。但是遠(yuǎn)程制動(dòng)技術(shù)很快就會(huì)逐步應(yīng)用到普通汽車(chē)上。并且應(yīng)該在兩個(gè)月之內(nèi)用在英國(guó)的普通汽車(chē)上。

計(jì)劃是這樣的。把一個(gè)集合有微型無(wú)繩電話，微量處理器，存儲(chǔ)器以及全球定位系統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)星接收器的控制盒子安裝在汽車(chē)上。如果汽車(chē)被盜，一個(gè)被編碼的無(wú)繩電話信號(hào)就會(huì)告訴這個(gè)裝置停止車(chē)輛引擎控制系統(tǒng)來(lái)阻止弓I擎再次被啟動(dòng)。

甚至還有一些人主張計(jì)劃將制動(dòng)裝置裝在運(yùn)行著的車(chē)輛上，可是這樣一來(lái)人們就會(huì)擔(dān)心這個(gè)系統(tǒng)的安全性。在英國(guó)，二系列的技術(shù)裝置已經(jīng)讓盜車(chē)賊步履維艱了?，敹√m多來(lái)自位于貝克郡的一個(gè)由汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)工業(yè)投資成立的名為撒策姆的安全研究機(jī)構(gòu)，他說(shuō)，“車(chē)輛盜竊的手法已經(jīng)有所改變?！彼€聲稱(chēng)只要是10年以上的汽車(chē)，他就能用幾樣簡(jiǎn)單的工具在幾分鐘之內(nèi)教會(huì)一個(gè)新手怎樣偷車(chē)。

現(xiàn)代車(chē)卻遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有這么簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)樗鼈兊囊婀芾碛?jì)算機(jī)裝置只有接收到一個(gè)獨(dú)一無(wú)二的由點(diǎn)火鑰匙發(fā)送過(guò)來(lái)的身份密碼才可以啟動(dòng)汽車(chē)。自1997年以來(lái)，在英國(guó)，技術(shù)人員已經(jīng)利用此項(xiàng)技術(shù)幫助減少了31%的涉及車(chē)輛犯罪案。但是不死心的盜賊們卻還在一直想方設(shè)法偷車(chē)。例如很多時(shí)候，他們?cè)谝估锉I走主人的汽車(chē)鑰匙進(jìn)而偷車(chē)。在2000年，英國(guó)12%的車(chē)輛被盜案是由于主人的鑰匙被盜，這個(gè)數(shù)字比前一年增長(zhǎng)了1倍。

遠(yuǎn)程控制的制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)給盜賊設(shè)置了一個(gè)全新的障礙。包括撒策姆、公安部門(mén)、保險(xiǎn)公司以及安全技術(shù)公司在內(nèi)的一個(gè)群體已經(jīng)為體系開(kāi)發(fā)出了一些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它們將比顧客所預(yù)期的更早地被推廣到市場(chǎng)上。

第七篇An Intelligent Car

Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain.Many human drivers have all ____1____ and can control a fast-moving car.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

There is a virtual driver1 in the smart car.This virtual driver1 has “eyes”, “brains”, “hands” and “feet”, too.The minicameras ____2____ each side of the car are his “eyes”, which observe the road conditions ahead of it.They watch the ____3____ to the car’s left and right.There is also a highly ____4____ driving system in the car.It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver’s “brain”.His “brain” calculates the speeds of ____5____ moving cars near it and analyzes

their positions.Basing on this information2, it chooses the right ____6____ for the intelligent car, and gives ____7____ to the “hands” and “feet” to act accordingly.In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.What is the virsual driver’s best advantage3? He reacts ____8____.The minicameras are ____9____ images continuously to the “brain.” It ____10____ the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.However.the world’s best driver ____11____ needs one second to react.____12____, when he takes action, he needs one more second.The virtual driver is really wonderful.He can reduce the accident ____13____ considerably on expressways.In this case, can we let him have the wheel4 at any time and in any place? Experts ____14____ that we cannot do that5 just yet6.His ability to recognize things is still ____15____.He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.詞匯：

coordination n.協(xié)調(diào)，協(xié)同 virtual adj.虛擬的 minicamera n.微型相機(jī) accordingly adv.相應(yīng)地 millisecond n.毫秒 expressway n.高速公路 注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1.virtual driver：虛擬駕駛員

2.Basing on this information：基于這些信息。Basing on this information是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，用作狀語(yǔ)。

3.best advantage：最大的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

4.have the wheel：掌握方向盤(pán)，也就是“駕駛汽車(chē)”的意思。

5.that：that替代上一句的“l(fā)et him have the wheel at any time and in any place”。

6.just yet：迄今還。yet意為“迄今還”，常用于否定句中。just修飾yet，起強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。練習(xí)：

1.A these

B them C this

D that 2.A within

B above

C to

D on

3.A police

B traffic

C trucks

D buses 4.A mechanical

B movable

C automatic

D electronic 5.A another

B other

C each other

D one another 6.A line

B lane

C track

D path

7.A space

B locations

C instructions

D time 8.A quickly

B cleverly

C virtually

D safely 9.A bringing

B taking

C sending

D carrying 10.A selects

B completes

C uses

D tests 11.A at least

B at most

C at last

D at best 12.A So

B However

C Besides

D Therefore 13.A count

B amount

C digit

D rate 14.A warn

B suggest

C invite

D check 15.A unknown

B few

C untested

D limited 答案與題解：

1.A 第一句提到的是eyes，ears，brain等，指示代詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式的these，不能選this

或that。選them也不對(duì)，因?yàn)閍ll them不符合習(xí)慣用法，正確的說(shuō)法是all of them。

2.D side前面要求用介詞on。

3.B 選項(xiàng)B中traffic的意思是“流動(dòng)的車(chē)輛”，是本題的答案。police(警察)、trucks(重型卡車(chē))和buses(公共汽車(chē))表達(dá)的意思都是路況的一部分，顯然與現(xiàn)實(shí)不符。

4.C 從上下文判斷，本句的意思應(yīng)該是高度自動(dòng)化的駕駛系統(tǒng)，所以答案是automatic。其余三個(gè)選項(xiàng)(mechanical機(jī)械的、movable可移動(dòng)的、electronic電子的)表達(dá)的意思與上下文配不上。

5.B 從下文判斷，本句說(shuō)的是“其他流動(dòng)的車(chē)輛”，所以要選用other。another意為“另一個(gè)”，each other和one another都是“互相”的意思，與上下文表達(dá)的意思相去甚遠(yuǎn)。

6.D 上下文的意思要求選path(路徑)。line(線路)、lane(車(chē)道)和track(車(chē)轍)，意思雖與path接近，但是講不通。

7.C 本句前半句說(shuō)的是電腦選定了路徑，接下來(lái)自然是“……給‘手’發(fā)出指令(instructions)，‘手’就做出相應(yīng)的動(dòng)作”。所以，C是答案。space，locations，time的詞義與上下文的意思銜接不上。

8.A 通段講的是虛擬駕駛員的反應(yīng)速度，所以只能選quickly。

9.C bring是“帶來(lái)”，take是“帶走，接受(命令)”，send是“發(fā)送(命令)”，carry是“攜帶”。從上下文判斷，應(yīng)該是“...sending images continuously to the ‘brain’”。

10.B 前一句說(shuō)的是微型攝像機(jī)將圖像送入電腦，接下來(lái)的意思應(yīng)該是電腦處理圖像，完成處理圖像所需的時(shí)間為100毫秒。根據(jù)上下文表達(dá)的意思，應(yīng)該選B。

11.A 本句的起始詞是However，表示本句的意思與上一句的意思形成對(duì)比。上一句說(shuō)電腦完成圖像處理只需100毫秒，第二句說(shuō)，最好的駕駛員處理的時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)得多，應(yīng)該是at least rieeds one second。所以，A是答案。

12.C 上一句說(shuō)，最好的駕駛員至少需要1秒鐘的時(shí)間才能完成圖像處理。本句進(jìn)一步說(shuō)，他做出動(dòng)作還需1秒鐘的時(shí)間，這兩句的意思是層層深入，所以要選C。

13.D 根據(jù)上下文判斷，此處要表達(dá)的應(yīng)該是“事故率”。rate是“比率”，所以答案是D。count(計(jì)數(shù))、amount(數(shù)量)、digit(0～9中任何一個(gè)阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字)都不對(duì)。

14.A can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place?”涉及交通安全、人命關(guān)天的問(wèn)題，都談不上什么“邀請(qǐng)(invite)”、“建議(suggest)”、“檢查(check)”。所以，答案只能是warn(警告)。

15.D 本句是給出目前不能let smart car have the wheel at any time and in any place的原因。原因是它的能力limited(有限)。對(duì)smart car的能力一無(wú)所知(unknown)或是沒(méi)有測(cè)試過(guò) 11

(untested)，顯然與前文的意思不符。few只能與可數(shù)名詞搭配，ability在本句中是不可數(shù)名詞，所以few也不是答案。

譯文：智能汽車(chē)

開(kāi)車(chē)需要目光銳利，耳朵靈敏，反應(yīng)敏捷和手腦間的協(xié)作。許多人類(lèi)司機(jī)這些條件都具備，并可控制一輛急速行駛的汽車(chē)。但一輛智能車(chē)如何進(jìn)行自控? 智能車(chē)中有一位虛擬駕駛員。這位司機(jī)同樣有“眼”有“腦”有“手”有“腳”。車(chē)兩側(cè)的微型攝像頭就是他的眼，負(fù)責(zé)觀察車(chē)前方的路況。他們注意著車(chē)兩側(cè)的交通情況。車(chē)中也有高度自動(dòng)化的駕駛系統(tǒng)。這就是內(nèi)置的電腦，也就是虛擬司機(jī)的大腦。這個(gè)大腦計(jì)算出車(chē)近旁正在運(yùn)動(dòng)車(chē)輛的速度，并分析它們的位置?；谶@些信息，它為智能車(chē)選擇最佳路徑，并給出指示以讓手腳做出相應(yīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。通過(guò)這樣的方式，虛擬司機(jī)就對(duì)車(chē)輛實(shí)行了控制。

虛擬司機(jī)的最大優(yōu)點(diǎn)是什么?他的反應(yīng)速度很快。微型攝像頭不斷向大腦發(fā)送圖像數(shù)據(jù)。他完成圖像處理的時(shí)間為100毫秒。然而，世界上最優(yōu)秀的人類(lèi)司機(jī)也至少需要1 秒鐘的反應(yīng)時(shí)間。當(dāng)他作出行動(dòng)時(shí)，又多需一秒。

虛擬司機(jī)的確很棒。在高速公路上，他可大大減少事故發(fā)生率。鑒于此，我們是否可以讓他在任何時(shí)間任何地點(diǎn)都駕駛汽車(chē)呢?專(zhuān)家們警告說(shuō)我們現(xiàn)在還不能這樣做。智能 車(chē)辨別事物的能力還很有限。目前，這種車(chē)只能在高速公路上行駛。

第三篇：2014職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)押題 理工C 完型填空[定稿]

完型填空：

第一篇Captain Cook Arrow Legend

It was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has __1__ ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook__2__ died in the Sandwich Islands’in 1779.“There is __3__ Cook in the Australian Museum，”museum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its__4__，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which__5__include a feather cape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’u in 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and is credited with__6__ the“Great South Land，”__7__ Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now HawaiiThe 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1 824 __8__ Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cook’s wife，saying it was made of Cook’s bone after the fatal__9 __ with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued __10__ it came with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’s bone but was more __11__ made of animal bone。said Philp.However, Cook’s fans __ 12 __ to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered.as they say there is evidence not a11 of Cook’s body was __13 __ at sea in 1 779.“On this occasion technology has won"，”said Cliff Thornton，president of the Captain Cook Society, in a __14__ from Britain.“But I am __15__ that one of these days…one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will happen one day.’’ 練習(xí)：

1.A.finally

B.firstly

C.lately

D.usually 2.A.whose

B.who

C.which

D.what 3.A.some

B.none

C.neither

D.no

4.A.cinema

B.exhibition

C.shop

D.market 5.A.must

B.did

C.has to

D.does

6.A.discovering

B.visiting

C.traveling

D.using 7.A.then

B.now

C.past

D.previously 8.A.how

B.where

C.when

D.that 9.A.conversation

B.fight

C.meal

D.dance 10.A.however

B.until

C.after

D.whenever 11.A.helpfully

B.usefully

C.likely

D.readily 12.A.refuse

B.return

C.regain

D.reply 13.A.collected

B.washed

C.stored

D.buried

14.A.statement

B.suggestion

C.proposal

D.guess 15.A.safe

B.weak

C.sure

D.lucky 參考答案：

1.A.分析：借助搭配“..地已經(jīng)結(jié)束了..”直接判斷A(最終地)

2.B.分析：考察定語(yǔ)從句，從句需要主語(yǔ)，且該主語(yǔ)指代Captain James Cook，所以B合適。D。分析：考察否定副詞。借助搭配特點(diǎn)—空格后直接出現(xiàn)了名詞，所以D是答案(no否定名詞)

4.B.分析：借助句子中的相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)museum(博物館)..display(陳列)直接猜測(cè)答案為B(展覽會(huì))

5.D.分析：借助上文時(shí)態(tài)—一般將來(lái)時(shí)，及與空格處的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)—‘“考古發(fā)現(xiàn)：澳大利亞博物館的寶藏”…包括..’直接判斷D為答案該題考點(diǎn)：上下文時(shí)態(tài)和定語(yǔ)從句。

6.A。分析：借助句子中出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)：explorers(探險(xiǎn)家)…Great South Land，判斷A(發(fā)現(xiàn))是答案。

7.B。分析：該題考察插入語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(插入語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)往往是對(duì)前面的名詞/代詞進(jìn)行描述，或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，該結(jié)構(gòu)往往以定語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句)，狀語(yǔ)(狀語(yǔ)從句)，或同位語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)形式出現(xiàn))

8.C.分析：空格前出現(xiàn)典型時(shí)間詞1824，空格后是句子，所以直接判斷when 可能是答案?？疾欤憾ㄕZ(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)。

9.B.分析：該題考察上下文內(nèi)容的呼應(yīng)：前面出現(xiàn)“被棍棒打死”，所以這里選擇B(打仗)最合適。

10.B.分析：借助空格所在結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)和搭配結(jié)構(gòu)含義(持續(xù)到..)直接判斷答案B(直到)。

11.C.分析：分析：根據(jù)空格相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)含義(不是由cook的骨頭制成，而是更..是由動(dòng)物的骨頭制成)判斷C是答案。

12.A.分析：直接借助搭配結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)(v.+ to 引導(dǎo)的不定式結(jié)構(gòu))判斷A是答案。

13.D.分析：借助上文句意和該句句意(不是所有的cook的尸體都在1779年被。海里)判斷D(埋葬)是答案。

14.A.分析：借助被選項(xiàng)的關(guān)系：suggestion和 proposal是近義詞，且用法接近，所以相互排除掉，比較A和D，判斷A((來(lái)自倫敦的)聲明)正確。

15．C本題要選sure，表示Cliff Thornton對(duì)sure后面的that從句表達(dá)的將要發(fā)生的事有信心。而safe，weak或lucky的詞義與句子表達(dá)的意思不符。

譯文：庫(kù)克船長(zhǎng)弓箭的傳說(shuō)

這本是個(gè)絕妙的傳說(shuō)，但DNA測(cè)試最終結(jié)束了這個(gè)長(zhǎng)達(dá)兩個(gè)世紀(jì)之久的古老故事。傳說(shuō)是關(guān)于一支據(jù)說(shuō)是用1779年在桑偉奇群島死去的英國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家船長(zhǎng)詹姆士庫(kù)克的遺骨刻成的夏威夷弓箭。

在不久前DNA 證據(jù)宣布該弓箭并非來(lái)自于庫(kù)克船長(zhǎng)的遺骨時(shí)，奧大利亞博物館收藏經(jīng)理尤大書(shū)?菲利普說(shuō)：“澳大利亞博物館里并沒(méi)有庫(kù)克的遺骨?！钡@并不能停止博物館在展覽會(huì) 2

上展出弓箭?！翱脊虐l(fā)現(xiàn)：澳大利亞博物館的寶藏”展覽中的確還展示了一個(gè)在1778年夏威夷國(guó)王卡蘭尼歐普送給庫(kù)克的一個(gè)羽毛斗篷。

庫(kù)克是英國(guó)最偉大探險(xiǎn)家之一，他在1770年發(fā)現(xiàn)了“南大陸”，也就是現(xiàn)在的澳大利亞。此后在桑偉奇群島被棒擊致死。

庫(kù)克弓箭傳說(shuō)始于1824年，當(dāng)時(shí)夏威夷國(guó)王卡莫哈莫哈在彌留之際將弓箭賜給了庫(kù)克妻子的親戚，一名倫敦外科醫(yī)生威廉正當(dāng)斯，并告訴他弓箭是在那次致命毆打后用庫(kù)克的遺骨做成的。

在19世紀(jì)90年代，弓箭被交給澳大理亞博物館。這個(gè)傳說(shuō)直到與科學(xué)直接接觸才停止。據(jù)菲利普說(shuō)，澳大利亞和新西蘭的試驗(yàn)室的DNA測(cè)試證實(shí)弓箭并非取材于庫(kù)克的遺骨，而更可能來(lái)自動(dòng)物的骨頭。

但是，庫(kù)克迷們卻不肯放棄希望。他們期待庫(kù)克傳說(shuō)之一將會(huì)被證明是正確，并且他人部分遺骨還會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。正如他們所說(shuō)，有證據(jù)表明庫(kù)克的遺骨并不是在1779年全都葬身大海了。庫(kù)克船長(zhǎng)協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)長(zhǎng)克利夫托馬森在一個(gè)來(lái)自英國(guó)的聲明中說(shuō)：“在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，科技取得了勝利。我堅(jiān)信某一天庫(kù)克傳說(shuō)之一將會(huì)被證明是真的?！?/p>

這聽(tīng)起來(lái)完全不對(duì)——在一塊木頭里面鉆些洞讓它更耐敲打。但是這確實(shí)有效，因?yàn)閾舸虍a(chǎn)生的能量分散到了整塊木頭上，而不是集中于一個(gè)薄弱點(diǎn)。這個(gè)發(fā)展應(yīng)該導(dǎo)致更有效和更輕的包裝材料的產(chǎn)生。

木匠們幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)都知道一些木頭比另一些更結(jié)實(shí)。例如山胡桃木被用做斧柄和輪輻，因?yàn)樗梢猿惺苷駬舳粫?huì)斷裂。列如白橡木容易損壞得多，盡管它的質(zhì)地一樣細(xì)密。巴斯大學(xué)的Julian Vincent和他的研究小組都認(rèn)為木頭的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)能夠解釋這些不同。

許多樹(shù)都有導(dǎo)管，這些導(dǎo)管通向樹(shù)干上方，把水輸?shù)饺~子。在橡木里，這些管道很大，而且是呈窄帶狀，但是在山胡桃木中這些管道小得多，而且分布得更平均。研究者們認(rèn)為這個(gè)布局能夠分散打擊的能量到整塊木頭止，以此吸收較重的打擊。為了測(cè)試這個(gè)理論，他們?cè)谝粔K沒(méi)有管道的云杉木上鉆了一些0.65毫米的洞，發(fā)現(xiàn)它能夠承受重大的打擊。只有當(dāng)每平方厘米超過(guò)30個(gè)孔時(shí)，木頭抵御敲打的表現(xiàn)才會(huì)減弱。均勻的物質(zhì)不太好抵御敲打，因?yàn)槭艿接绊懙闹挥幸恍〔糠治镔|(zhì)，來(lái)自打擊的所有能量在折斷材料時(shí)都集中在一兩個(gè)地方，留下的散片常常沒(méi)有受到破壞。

Vincent說(shuō)，這些洞可以提供很多薄弱點(diǎn)，當(dāng)它們破裂時(shí)一起吸收能量，而不是使能量聚在一個(gè)地方?！澳憧梢钥刂颇绢^斷裂的地方，它還可以吸收更多的能量，更安全?！?研究人員相信，這個(gè)原則可用于任何一種材料，例如可用于制造更輕、保護(hù)力更強(qiáng)的包裝物。斯圖加特的Max Plank金屬研究學(xué)院的Ulrike Wegst說(shuō)，這一原則還可用在汽車(chē)的減震器、保護(hù)杠和軍事車(chē)輛的裝甲板等東西上。但是她強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)你需要設(shè)計(jì)材料時(shí)考慮力的方向。她說(shuō)：“負(fù)荷的方向是很關(guān)鍵的?！?/p>

第二篇Avalanche and Its Safety

An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside.Avalanches are____1____ the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope____2____ supports it.Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is____3____ cause an avalanche, ____4____ acomplex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than25degrees or steeper than60degrees typically have a low

____5____ of avalanche.Snow does not____6____ significantly on steep slopes;also, snow does not ____7____ easily on flat slopes.Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow’s angle of rest1 is____8____ 35 and45 degrees;the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is38degrees.The rule of thumb2 is: A slope that is____9____ enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle.Additionally3, avalanche risk increases with ____10____;that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, die more lijkely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe.Good avalanche safety is a continuous____11____， including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather____12____ and human factors.Several well-known good habits can also____13____ the risk.If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid ____14____ to.Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations;snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made.Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are____15____ or damaged.Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.詞匯：

avalanche n.雪崩 snowpack n.積雪場(chǎng) terrain n.地形，地勢(shì)

steep adj.險(xiǎn)峻的，陸峭的 trigger v.引起，激發(fā) incidence n.發(fā)生(率)ski v.滑雪

complexity n.復(fù)雜性 注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1.angle of rest：這里指積雪保持靜止的角度。

2.rule of thumb：指“a broadly accurate principle, based on experience or practice rather than theory”，即“通用法則，經(jīng)驗(yàn)法則' 3.Additionally：是一個(gè)副詞，用來(lái)引人新的事實(shí)或論點(diǎn)，意為“此外”。4.backcountry：人煙稀少的地區(qū) 練習(xí)：

1.A among

B of

C to

D in 2.A when B that

C who

D whose 3.A mostly

B likely

C clearly

D surely 4.A are

B will be

C is

D was 5.A weight

B form

C risk

D work 6.A fall

B flow

C roll

D gather 7.A fall

B flow

C roll

D gather 8.A among

B between

C with

D for 9.A thick

B thin

C flat

D rocky 10.A use

B time

C snow

D rain 11.A journey

B trip

C fact

D process

12.A conditions

B reports

C forecast

D event 13.A increase

B reduce

C improve

D remove

14.A price

B effort

C attention

D money 15.A missing

B grown

C big

D fresh 答案與題解：

1.A 表“雪崩是山上可能發(fā)生的最大危險(xiǎn)之一”的意思，因此應(yīng)該選擇among(在……之中)。

2.B 從該句的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上來(lái)看，此處需要一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞，代替slope，所以that是最佳選擇。選項(xiàng)A、C、D均不符合語(yǔ)法。

3.B 選項(xiàng)A不合語(yǔ)法，C和D符合語(yǔ)法，但不符合常識(shí)：過(guò)度的雪的積壓可能導(dǎo)致雪崩，而不是必定導(dǎo)致雪崩。所以，B是最佳答案。

4.C 該句的主語(yǔ)是Determining the critical load，從上下文來(lái)看應(yīng)該使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以C是正確答案。

5.C 要確定本題答案的一個(gè)有效的方法是排除法。a low weight/form work of avalanche都不合邏輯，只有a low risk of avalanche符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解釋了low risk of avalanche的道理，更證實(shí)了選risk是正確的。

6.D 第6題和第7題可以一起考慮。整個(gè)句子的意思是：在較陡峭的坡面上，雪不會(huì)大量堆積。在較為平坦的坡面，雪不會(huì)輕易滑動(dòng)。

7.B 見(jiàn)注釋6。

8.B 理解了句子的意思就不難判斷選項(xiàng)：雪在靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下，角度在35° ~45°之間，最可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。between：在……之間。

9.C 這個(gè)句子說(shuō)明的是什么樣的山坡最易發(fā)生雪崩，即A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski。flat在此作“平坦”解，與后面的steep形成反義。

10.A 句中的that is表明，后半部分是對(duì)前半部分的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。所以，這里的選擇要根據(jù)下文的意思判斷。use是最佳選擇,整個(gè)句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用得越多，雪崩就越有可能發(fā)生。

11.D 盡管選項(xiàng)A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，從全段的內(nèi)容判斷，只有process是最佳選擇，因?yàn)樵摱蚊鑼?xiě)的是如何防備雪崩以及如何做好安全措施等一系列問(wèn)題。

12.A 選項(xiàng)A、B、C都可以與weather搭配，但是根據(jù)上下文，只有A最為符合文章的內(nèi)容。

13.B 選項(xiàng)A不符合句子的意思;C不能和risk搭配;D也不符合句子的意思，因?yàn)椴豢赡芡耆┍赖碾[患。

14.C 該句主句使用的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞是pay attention to的被動(dòng)形式。選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不符合句子的意思。

15.A 該句是作者給出的一系列忠告之一，即認(rèn)真觀察地形，注意明顯的雪崩路徑：沒(méi)有植物或植物被毀壞的地方。選項(xiàng)B、C、D均不符合句意。

譯文：雪崩和安全問(wèn)題

雪崩是雪摻雜著空氣和水沿著山體突然迅猛地滑動(dòng)造成的。雪崩是造成山區(qū)人們生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的最大危險(xiǎn)之一。

所有雪崩都是由于物質(zhì)的過(guò)渡負(fù)荷造成，通常是積雪堆積過(guò)厚，很不穩(wěn)固，超出了山坡面的承載能力。要確定山坡的臨界承載量，可能造成突然雪崩的負(fù)荷量是一項(xiàng)很復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，需要衡量多個(gè)因素。

通常傾斜度小于25度，大于60度的山坡發(fā)生雪崩的危險(xiǎn)要小一些。積雪不會(huì)在陡峭的山坡上大量堆積，同樣也不會(huì)在平緩的山坡上快速滑動(dòng)。當(dāng)雪在靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)下的角度在35_45度之間，最可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。人為引發(fā)雪崩的臨界角度是38度，是最易人為引發(fā)雪崩的角度。常規(guī)經(jīng)驗(yàn)是：一個(gè)平緩的足以堆積積雪，同時(shí)陡峭的適合人們滑雪的山坡，無(wú)論角度如何，都有可能產(chǎn)生雪崩。此外，雪崩的危險(xiǎn)隨著使用的增加而增加，換言之，滑雪者活動(dòng)得越頻繁，雪崩的可能性越大。由于雪崩研究的復(fù)雜性，冬天在人煙稀少的地區(qū)旅行從來(lái)不是百分之百的安全。很好地躲避雪崩，保持安全是一個(gè)連續(xù)的過(guò)程，包括選擇路線、檢查積雪、了解天氣狀況及其他人為因素。以下幾個(gè)廣為人知的好習(xí)慣也可以降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：如果當(dāng)?shù)貦?quán)威部門(mén)發(fā)布了雪崩警報(bào)，你應(yīng)當(dāng)予以考慮，加以注意。絕不要不加審度，就立刻接受他人意見(jiàn)。積雪自形成的那時(shí)就幾乎注定要發(fā)生變化。認(rèn)真觀察地形，注意明顯的雪崩路徑：沒(méi)有植物或植物被毀壞的地方。不要在那些可能引發(fā)雪崩的人或事物下面行走。

第四篇Animal’s “Sixth Sense”

A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004.It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa.Wild animals,____1____, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami.This phenomenon adds weight to notions that1 they possess a “sixth sense” for____2____, experts said.Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast clearly____3____ wild beasts, with no dead animals found.“No elephants are dead, not____4____ a dead rabbit.I think animals can____5____ disaster.They have a sixth sense.They know when things are happening,” H.D.Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack.The____6____ washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife____7____ and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.“There has been a lot of____8____ evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop, an animal behavior____9____ at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no____10____ studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting2，” he told Reuters.Other authorities concurred with this____11____ ·

“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain____12____ especially birds...there are many reports of birds detecting impending disasters/’ said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife.Animals____13____ rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators.The notion of an animal “sixth sense” — or____14____ other mythical power — is an enduring one3 which the evidence on Sri Larika’s ravaged coast is likely to add to.The Romans saw owls____15____ omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.詞匯：

tsunami n.海嘯

trigger v.引發(fā)，觸發(fā) ravaged adj.被毀壞的 leopard n.豹 eruption n.噴發(fā) migrate v.遷移

volcanic adj.火山的

concur v.(with)同意，贊成 impending adj.迫近的 predator n.食肉動(dòng)物 mythical adj.神話般的 owl n.貓頭鷹

omen n.預(yù)兆，征兆 endow v.賦予 注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1.adds weight to notions that：更加相信

2.field setting：field意為“實(shí)地，野外”，setting意為“環(huán)境”。field setting可譯為“野外環(huán)境”。3.enduring one：由來(lái)已久的信念。one指代在句首出現(xiàn)的notion。enduring意為“持久的，永久的”。練習(xí)：

1.A therefore

B however

C although

D whatever 2.A shelters

B foods

C disasters

D water 3.A missed

B protected

C raised

D caught 4.A such

B too

C so

D even 5.A feel

B see

C hear

D sense

6.A waves

B tides

C winds

D rivers 7.A birthplaces

B playground

C reserve

D storage 8.A experimental

B apparent

C scientific

D chemical 9.A specialist

B assistant

C supporter

D sponsor 10.A additional

B specific

C especial

D exceptional 11.A modification

B detection

C assessment

D value 12.A route

B behavior

C principle

D phenomenon 13.A unwillingly

B occasionally

C doubtfully

Dcertainly 14.A some

B much

C many

D few 15.A on

B as

C for

D in 答案與題解：

1.B 第一句說(shuō)的是海嘯造成了巨大的人員傷亡，第二句說(shuō)的是動(dòng)物能逃脫海嘯的襲擊。兩

句意思相反，所以要用however承接上文。

2.C 上文說(shuō)的是：海嘯是一種自然災(zāi)害，所以“sixth sense”范圍只能是disasters，不能是shelters，foods或water。

3.A 本句繼續(xù)在對(duì)比海嘯造成的人員傷亡和動(dòng)物能逃脫海嘯這一現(xiàn)象。答案應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)A(missed)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義與上下文都不相配。

4.D 從上下文判斷，本句的意思應(yīng)該是：沒(méi)有大象死亡，甚至連一只野兔或兔子也沒(méi)有死亡?！吧踔痢钡挠⒄Z(yǔ)是even。

5.D 全文說(shuō)的是動(dòng)物的第六感覺(jué)，而feel(觸覺(jué))，see，hear都屬于前五個(gè)感覺(jué)，所以不是正確答案。

6.A 本說(shuō)的是海的巨浪將洪水帶到離海岸遠(yuǎn)達(dá)2英里的地方。正確答案應(yīng)該是waves。

7.C 從上下文判斷，本句的意思應(yīng)該是：Yala國(guó)家公園是斯里蘭卡野生動(dòng)物最大的保護(hù)區(qū)，而birthplaces(出生地)、playground(操場(chǎng))和storage(儲(chǔ)存)都與上下文表達(dá)的意思接不上，因此不是答案。reserve的意思是“保護(hù)區(qū)”，不是“儲(chǔ)備”或“保留”。因此，選項(xiàng)C是答案。

8.B 下一句說(shuō)，這些跡象(evidence)并沒(méi)有被證實(shí)。因此，這些跡象不可能是scientific的。而experimental和chemical的詞義與上下文不配合，因此也不是答案。只有apparent(明顯的)與上下文的意思相配。apparent的跡象還需得到科學(xué)的驗(yàn)證。

9.A 在動(dòng)物園里工作并發(fā)表對(duì)動(dòng)物行為的專(zhuān)業(yè)性見(jiàn)解的人一定是專(zhuān)家學(xué)者(specialist)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不合適。

10.B 本段第一句是說(shuō)明為什么evidence沒(méi)有得到科學(xué)驗(yàn)證。原因是科學(xué)家無(wú)法在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或野外進(jìn)行特定的實(shí)驗(yàn)，以驗(yàn)證動(dòng)物預(yù)見(jiàn)災(zāi)難的第六感覺(jué)。理解了上下文的意思，就知道選specific是最合適的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞義與上下文不符，additional，especial和exceptional分別是“額外的”、“特別的”和“例外的”意思。

11.C concurred with(同意)支配的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是view，opinion，judgment這一類(lèi)詞。前面句子說(shuō)的是某位科學(xué)家指出無(wú)法驗(yàn)證動(dòng)物預(yù)見(jiàn)災(zāi)難的第六感覺(jué)的困難所在，其他專(zhuān)家也同意這一看法，所以選assessment是正確的。

12.D 本句說(shuō)的是動(dòng)物特別是鳥(niǎo)有捕捉災(zāi)難來(lái)臨前某些征兆的能力。route(路線)、behavior(行為)和principle(原則)與上述意思相去甚遠(yuǎn)，只有phenomenon是答案。

13.D 根據(jù)常識(shí)判斷，動(dòng)物是要依賴(lài)味覺(jué)、聽(tīng)覺(jué)等逃避食肉動(dòng)物的攻擊。unwillingly(不情愿地)occasionally(偶爾)和doubtfully(懷疑地)與上述意思有俘，只有certainly是合適的選項(xiàng)。

14.A 從本句的意思判斷，應(yīng)該是“某種神奇的能力”,所以要選some。

15.B 本句的意思是“將……看成”，而英語(yǔ)的用詞是see...as，所以要選as。

譯文：動(dòng)物的“第六感”

2004年12月由印度洋海域地震引發(fā)的海嘯造成亞洲和東非數(shù)萬(wàn)人死亡。但野生動(dòng)物們似乎躲過(guò)了可怕的海嘯的襲擊。有專(zhuān)家表示，這進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了動(dòng)物對(duì)自然災(zāi)難有“第六感”的觀點(diǎn)。斯里蘭卡負(fù)責(zé)野生動(dòng)物的官員表示，巨浪席卷印度洋海島沿岸，淹死了兩萬(wàn)四千多人，但野生動(dòng)物似乎都幸免于難，目前尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)一具動(dòng)物的尸體。

斯里蘭卡野生動(dòng)物部門(mén)的副部長(zhǎng)H.D.拉特納亞克在海嘯襲擊過(guò)后一個(gè)月說(shuō)道：“沒(méi)有一頭大象死亡，甚至沒(méi)有一只野兔死亡。我認(rèn)為動(dòng)物能夠感知災(zāi)難。它們有‘第六感’，它們知道災(zāi)難何時(shí)發(fā)生?！焙：闆_向離岸二英里遠(yuǎn)的亞拉國(guó)家公園，這里是斯里蘭卡最大的野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)，生活著幾百頭野生大象和一些美洲豹，海嘯引發(fā)的洪水使亞拉國(guó)家公園所在的東南部地區(qū)變得一片狼藉。

“每當(dāng)火山爆發(fā)或地震發(fā)生前，動(dòng)物們的行為就會(huì)發(fā)生許多異常，比如犬吠或鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)遷徙，但這些現(xiàn)象尚未得到科學(xué)證明。”南非約翰內(nèi)斯堡動(dòng)物園的動(dòng)物行為專(zhuān)家馬修·范·利羅普說(shuō)。他對(duì)路透社記者說(shuō)：“目前還沒(méi)有這方面的專(zhuān)門(mén)研究，因?yàn)槟銦o(wú)法在實(shí)驗(yàn)室或?qū)嶋H環(huán)境中進(jìn)行真正的試驗(yàn)?！逼渌麑?zhuān)家也同意這一看法。

“野生動(dòng)物似乎能夠感知某些特殊現(xiàn)象，尤其是鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。很多報(bào)告顯示鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)能察覺(jué)即將來(lái)臨的災(zāi)難?！笨巳R夫?沃克這樣說(shuō)，他曾經(jīng)寫(xiě)過(guò)數(shù)本關(guān)于非洲野生動(dòng)物的書(shū)。

一些動(dòng)物確實(shí)是依靠嗅覺(jué)或聽(tīng)覺(jué)等人類(lèi)已知的官能來(lái)躲避危險(xiǎn)的，比如食肉動(dòng)物。

關(guān)于動(dòng)物“第六感”(或者其他神秘力量)的說(shuō)法已有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，斯里蘭卡被摧殘的海灘可能會(huì)為這一說(shuō)法再添一筆證據(jù)。

羅馬人把貓頭鷹視為迫近兇險(xiǎn)的征兆，很多古代文明都將大象看做擁有特殊能力或特征的“圣獸”。

第五篇Singing Alarms Could Save the Blind

If you cannot see, you may not be able to1 find your way out of a burning building — and that could be fatal.A company in Leeds could change all that2____1____ directional sound alarms capable of guiding you to the exit.Sound Alert, a company____2____ the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for____3____ people in Sommerset and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.____4____ produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the____5____ is coining from.Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be____6____ by humans.“It is a burst of white noise____7____ people say sounds like static on the radio，” she says.“Its life-saving potential is great.”

She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermal-imaging cameras trying to find their way out of3 a large____8____ room.It____9____ them nearly four minutes to find the door____10____ a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.Withington studies how the brain____11____ sounds at the university.She says that the____12____ of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band.Alarms____13____ the same concept have already been installed on emergency vehicles.The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up____14____ down stairs.They were____15____ with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.詞匯：

directional adj.定向的 exit n.出口 install v.安裝

residential adj.居住的 static n.靜電噪聲 potential n.潛力

thermal-imaging熱效應(yīng)成像 pinpoint v.精確地確定 concept n.概念，觀念 emergency n.緊急情況 grant n.授予物，準(zhǔn)許 注釋?zhuān)?/p>

1.在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中，不能并列使用兩個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如may和can就不能并列使用。如果由于表達(dá)需要，要同時(shí)用“可能”和“能夠”，就得說(shuō)(寫(xiě))成may be able to。如： I may be able to come tomorrow, but I cannot promise.我可能明天來(lái)，但我不可能作出承諾。2.that指第一句所表達(dá)的意思。

3....find their way out of...：意為“找到從出去的路”。練習(xí)：

1.A without

B with

C having

D selling 2.A run by

B changed by

C decorated by

D criticized by 3.A slow

B deaf

C blind

D lame 4.A Alarms

B Alarm

C The alarm

D The alarms 5.A noise

B sound

C music

D bell 6.A watched

B produced

C learnt

D heard 7.A where

B what

C that

D how 8.A smoked

B smoke-filled

C filled with smoke

D smoke-filling 9.A has taken

B takes

C took

D will take 10.A on

B near

C without

D from 11.A processes

B produces

C possesses

D proceeds 12.A feature

B quality

C diagram

D source

13.A basis on

B base on

C basing on

D based on 14.A or

B and

C but

D otherwise 15.A developed

B determined

C discovered

D delivered 答案與題解：

1.B 空格后是一種裝置，用它來(lái)改變火災(zāi)時(shí)找不到出口的危險(xiǎn)境況。表達(dá)“用……裝置”這層意思就要用介詞with。其他幾項(xiàng)均不符合句子的意思。

2.A Sound Alert是一家公司的名字，a company是Sound Alert的同位語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意判斷，應(yīng)選擇run by，意為“由……經(jīng)營(yíng)的”。其他選項(xiàng)雖然語(yǔ)法正確，但都與句意不符。

3.C 從文章標(biāo)題以及文章內(nèi)容和本句后面部分resource center for the blind，可以推斷這里最好的選擇就是C。

4.D 因?yàn)檫@種警告裝置已在上文中提到：第一段中的directional sound alarms，第二段中的installing the alarms in a residential home...，所以這里的alarms是特指，要用定冠詞。選項(xiàng)C是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樗菃螖?shù)形式。

5.B 句子的前半句有a wide range of frequencies,發(fā)出來(lái)的應(yīng)該是sound，而不是令人煩躁的noise。用music或bell都有些突然，與上下文的意思不連貫。

6.D 文章一直在討論警報(bào)器、聲音和波長(zhǎng)，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A;從上下文的意思看，不可能是選項(xiàng)B和C，因?yàn)榫瘓?bào)器的制造，就是為了讓失明的人聽(tīng)到。

7.C 選擇A、B、D均不能構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義連貫的句子，而且語(yǔ)法上也有問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)C能使句子結(jié)構(gòu)成為“It is...that”的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

8.B 從所給的選項(xiàng)可以看出，這里要表達(dá)的意思是“煙火彌漫的房間”。有了這個(gè)理解，現(xiàn)在要做的就是選擇正確的表達(dá)形式。A是“煙熏的”，D是“使……煙火彌漫的”，所以意思不對(duì)，C填入后就出現(xiàn)filled with smoke room，不符合語(yǔ)法。只有B是正確選項(xiàng)。

9.C 這里顯然是“It takes somebody+time+動(dòng)詞不定式”的句型，但選擇什么時(shí)態(tài)是關(guān)鍵。從上句看，應(yīng)選擇一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)檎麄€(gè)段落是對(duì)一次實(shí)驗(yàn)的描寫(xiě)，而且上面一句也使用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

10.C 后半句的one指上半句中的a sound alarm。該句上半句和下半句由but連接，表示相反的意思，從后半句的with可以看出，兩個(gè)相對(duì)比的事物是:the door without a sound alarm和the door with a sound alarm，所以選擇C。

11.A 選項(xiàng)B、C和D顯然是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樵~義不符。只有選項(xiàng)A是答案。句子的意思是，Withington在她的大學(xué)里研究大腦如何處理聲音。

12.D 句子中的more...than表示該句是對(duì)兩樣事物的對(duì)比。than后面是the source of a narrow band,這里的narrow和前半句的wide形成反比，從上下文中可以看出，the source of a narrow band of(frequencies)是和the source of a wide band of frequencies形成對(duì)比。

13.D 這個(gè)句子有主語(yǔ)alarms，有謂語(yǔ)have been installed，這里應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的分詞形式。be based on是常用的搭配，所以應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。選項(xiàng)A的basis是名詞，明顯是錯(cuò)的。

14.A 根據(jù)上半句中的rising or falling frequencies，這里應(yīng)填入or，與上半句表達(dá)的意思相一致。音頻升高表示上樓，音頻降低表示下樓。

15.A首先確定主語(yǔ)They指的是第一句中的主語(yǔ)The alarms，后半句說(shuō)這種設(shè)備得到大筆

資助。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容，我們知道資助的目的是開(kāi)發(fā)這種alarms，所以應(yīng)該選擇developed。

譯文：警報(bào)器救盲人

如果看不見(jiàn)，那你可能會(huì)因找不到路而逃不出一幢失火樓房，那將是致命的。英國(guó)利茲市的一家公司發(fā)明的一種可指方向的警報(bào)器可能會(huì)把你引向出口。聲音警報(bào)是一家由利茲大學(xué)設(shè)立的公司。該公司現(xiàn)在正在為位于薩莫塞特的一家盲人收容所和位于卡姆布雷亞的一家盲人資源中心安裝此種裝置。這種警報(bào)器發(fā)出的頻率范圍廣，使人腦可以判斷出聲音的來(lái)源。

該公司的戴博拉?威星頓稱(chēng)此種警報(bào)器使人類(lèi)可以聽(tīng)到大部分音頻。她說(shuō)：“它們是一種突發(fā)的頻譜連續(xù)而均勻的聲音。人們感覺(jué)它們聽(tīng)上去就像是收音機(jī)發(fā)出的靜電噪聲，其在救人方面潛力巨大?！?/p>

她進(jìn)行了一次試驗(yàn)。她讓人們?cè)谝凰錆M(mǎn)濃煙的大屋子里設(shè)法找到出路，同時(shí)她用熱效應(yīng)成像攝像機(jī)進(jìn)行拍攝。在沒(méi)有警報(bào)器時(shí)，這些人用了近4分鐘才找到門(mén)，而在警報(bào)器的指引下，只用了15秒。

她在大學(xué)里對(duì)人腦如何處理聲音進(jìn)行研究，并提出與波段窄的頻率相比，人們更易發(fā)現(xiàn)波段寬的音響源。基于此理論的警報(bào)器已被應(yīng)用于急救車(chē)上。這種警報(bào)器也容納了音頻的升降，以指示人們上下樓。這種設(shè)備是得到英國(guó)核燃料組織的大筆資助才開(kāi)發(fā)成功的。

第四篇：2012職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)B級(jí)押題

詞匯選項(xiàng)（同義詞）

1.It was(advisable)for an old couple to adopt an orphan, as they had no children of their own.C.sensible 2.There are several things to(take into consideration)when you are searching.-A.take into account 3.About eight at night, and already very（weary）, I came to a long house.D.exhausted 4.The revival of corporate-bond markets, if（sustained）, would be good news.-B.maintained 5.She was（strolling）as though she had no particular objective.C.sauntering 6.We're getting a（wage）increase of 40 a year, before tax.C.salary 7.The King is a（mighty）monarch but full of pride, harsh and cruel.A.forceful 8.His account is correct except that some details are（omitted）.-B.elided 9.I'll（answer for）it you shall have nothing put upon you here.-C.take the responsibility of 10.In such cases there is normally a（swift）collapse of value.A.fast 11.It seems that the two friends meet masked and（vaguely）know each other through the disguise.-B.dimly 12.We have a tight schedule for your(brief)visit.-C.short-lived 13.Some of the women in the office felt（dizzy）and screamed.-C.faint 14.No rich country has laid out a（credible）, medium-term fiscal plan-B.believable

15.If they are（unwilling）, the only way to maintain a friendship is to socialize outside their homes.-D.reluctant

詞匯選項(xiàng)（同義詞）

1.We will give every staff(space)to develop.B.room

2.He was known as a(reliable)man.A.faithful

3.He(achieved)success by working hard.B.attained

4.This book isn't(funny)at all.C.amusing

5.Idleness is the(root)of all evil.-C.cause

6.Mary decided to(take out)her bad tooth.-C.extract

7.He is a(highly)competent teacher.-B.quite

8.Can you(account for)why we lost?16.Physicians are prohibited to talk about the topic of sex selection.A.Right

17.Before the study of sex selection, data showing the demand was blank.A.Right

18.In the study 332 women wanted to choose the sex of a future child.B.Wrong

19.Every woman would like to have her next child of the opposite sex.B.Wrong

20.Now in China there are two methods of sex selection being used.C.Not mentioned 21.In vitro fertilization means pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.B.Wrong

22.The method of sperm separation is cheaper than the method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.A.Right

概括大意和完成句子――Washoe學(xué)會(huì)了美國(guó)手語(yǔ)

Washoe Learned American Sign Language 23.Paragraph 1____ C.General Information about Washoe 24.Paragraph 2____ B.Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language 25.Paragraph 3____ E.Debate on Chimps' Intelligence 26.Paragraph 4____ A.Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays 27.Washoe could make signs to communicate____.C.when she wanted to eat 28.Some scientists doubted____.A.if the Gardeners' argument was sound 29.Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_____.D.while she was at research center in Ellensburg 30.The experiments thought Washoe was intelligent _____.E.becuase she could use sign language to ask for fruits 概括大意和完成句子――對(duì)別人的第一印象是怎樣形成的 How We Form First Impression 23.Paragraph 2

D.Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories 24.Paragraph 3

C.Illustration of First Impression 25.Paragraph 4

B.Comment on First Impression 26.Paragraph 5

A.Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions

27.Sensory information is one that is received through ___.E.the sights and sounds of the world

28.You interpret ___by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.D.the meaning of incoming sensory information

29.The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to ___.C.the immature form of thinking of a very young people

30.We can use our mature style of thinking thanks to ___.B.the most complex areas of our cortex

概括大意和完成句子――移動(dòng)卡之間的債務(wù)可以節(jié)省您的錢(qián)

Moving Debt Between Cards Can Save You Money 23.Paragraph 2

B.Take up teaser offers 24.Paragraph 3

C.Check the small print 25.Paragraph 4

D.Keep Track of Time 26.Paragraph 5

F.Moving Around and Your Credit Rating

27.Chances are that you would get a cheaper or better card because_____.C.the credit card industry is so competitive.28.These teaser rates will save you a lot of money especially_____.A.if you switch to another card's teaser rate.29.You'll have to pay interest at the normal rate_____.B.if you miss the end of the teaser period by even a day.30.Bear in mind that the longer you move debt around for,_____.F.the fewer companies will want to send you their very best teaser rates.所屬題型：閱讀理解――看許久以前的世界

Seeing the World Centuries Ago

If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur。。。more than 75,000 miles.31.This passage is mostly about____.C.where three early travel writers went and wrote about 32.Ibn Battutah traveled____.C.throughout the Muslim world 33.The books of the three writers were popular because____.B.they told of strange and exotic locales 34.The overall organization of this passage is through____.A.chronological order 35.In this passage “attest” means to____.D.give proof of 所屬題型：閱讀理解――“幸運(yùn)的”魯肯伯爵——是死是活

“Lucky” Lord Lucan—Alive or Dead

On 8th November 1974。。。。if it can close the book on this one.36.The public are still interested in the investigation because ____.C.Lord Lucan has never been found 37.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because ____.C.it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan 38.Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by ____.D.sinking his boat 39.Lucan could have been killed because people ____.B.thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught 40.EX-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr.Barry Haplin ____.C.was really Lord Lucan in disguise 所屬題型：閱讀理解――講述可怕的過(guò)去

Tales of the Terrible Past

It is not the job of。。。historical situations alive for a modern audience.41.This passage is mostly about____.D.two novels that deal with slavery 42.Beloved is set____.C.in Ohio after the Civil War

43.The writer seems to feel that____.B.the books are worthwhile but challenging 44.The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their____.D.portrayal of violence

45.The word “appalling” means____.A.terrible

閱讀理解――撒哈拉沙漠

The Sahara

The name Sahara。。。。The round trip across the vast sands takes one month.31.This passage is mostly about____.A.life in the Sahara

32.Rainfall in most of the Sahara is____.A.less than five inches per year

33.The Sahara can be described as____.A.a place of contrasts

34.The phrase “an area roughly the size of the United States” gives an indication of the size of____.C.the Sahara

35.In this passage caravan means____.B.a group traveling together through difficult country

閱讀理解――芭蕾舞的發(fā)展

The Development of Ballet

Ballet is a dance form that has。。。。1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.。

36.This passage deals mainly with____.C.the way ballet developed

37.An important influence in early ballet was____.D.Louis XIV

38.You can conclude from this passage that ballet____.B.will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it

39.The information in this passage is presented____.D.in chronological order

40.The word pageants means____.D.elaborate shows 閱讀理解――《晚宴派對(duì)》

The Dinner Party

I first heard this。。。。Because it was crawling across my foot.“ 41.Which of the statements about the dining room is NOT true? C.It has limited space.42.In the discussion the major says in any crisis a man C.has that ounce more of control than a woman has.43.The American feels startled when he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda in that A.he knows there must be a cobra in the dining room.44.Instead of warnning the others, the American asks them C.not to move a muscle while he is counting.45.What does the American do when he sees the cobra emerge?

D.He jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut.閱讀理解――索非婭。羅蘭

Sophia Loren 31.Sophia Loren was once nicknamed Stechetto because C.she was skinny and little.32.Her first taste of glamour gained her C.a train ticket to Rome and $35.33.In another beauty contest Sofia won A.the second place.34.Which of the following statements about Carlo Ponti is NOT true? D.He first got married in 1957.35.When did Loren and Ponti legally get married? D.In 1966 閱讀理解――走私

Smuggling

It is not unusual。。。surprises us.” 36.The dog was different from others in that A.it had an unusual lump on its body.37.The smuggler uses snakes to C.transport the drugs.38.How many pounds of heroin were estimated to be smuggled into the United States in 1994? B.2,577 39.Which of the following could best replace

the expression “small fry” in the third paragraph?

C.Small smugglers

40.What is this article about?

C.Varied drug transportation methods 閱讀理解――作出暫時(shí)的犧牲的愛(ài)

Making a Temporary Sacrifice of Love

For two years,。。be for the rest of our lives.41.What does Hurley's husband do？ B.He is a student.42.In tradition, what kind of husband do American women want?

C.Men with higher education.43.When making the sacrifice, those women will face the following difficulties EXCEPT that

D.others' misunderstanding.44.What does the word “breadwinner” in paragraph five mean?

A.The person who supports the family.45.What is Mike's attitude towards the future of his family in the hard days? B.Optimistic.補(bǔ)全短文――虛擬駕駛員

Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp。。。should be like.46.()D.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

47.()C.This is the brain of the car.48.()E.It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.49.()A.Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.50.()B.In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.補(bǔ)全短文――如何幫助孩子克服恐懼

Help the Children Conquer Fear

Many parents struggle。。particularly fears of imaginary creatures.46.()C.The study appears in the November 2009 issue of the journal Child Development.47.()A.Each story featured a child alone or with another person.48.()F.They were also asked to offer a way to help the child in the story feel less afraid.49.()D.In these situations, girls more often wanted to avoid the creature than boys.50.()B.But older children tended to suggest reminding themselves what the reality was.補(bǔ)全短文――遠(yuǎn)程辦公

Telecommuting

Telecommuting, substituting the computer for the trip to the job,。。。。That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.46.()C.For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board by eliminating commutes.47.()E.Those local governments also believe the use of telecommuting can improve air quality.48.()A.She hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.49.()F.Because young children cannot recognize the necessary boundaries between work and family.50.()D.Besides workers, telecommuting management too must separate the myth from the reality.所屬題型：完形填空――職業(yè)母親

Working Mothers

Carefully conducted。。。(65)that matters.51.（）A.view

52.（）C.number

53.（）A.afford

54.（）C.necessity 55.（）B.cut 56.（）D.comes

57.（）C.across

58.（）C.In reality

59.（）B.matter

60.（）A.perfectly

61.（）C.members

62.（）D.plenty of 63.（）B.attached

64.（）D.do

65.（）A.quality

完形填空――有鳥(niǎo)陪伴的生活

A Life with Birds 51.（）B.better

52.（）D.top

53.（）C.From

54.（）A.for

55.（）D.offered

56.（）C.hesitation

57.（）A.aware

58.（）B.maintaining

59.（）B.make

60.（）A.devotes

61.（）D.fact

62.（）C.keep

63.（）C.At first

64.（）B.keen

65.（）B.all

完形填空――城市交通

Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic(65)at an acceptable level.51.（）A.of

52.（）D.persuade

53.（）A.approach

54.（）B.increasing

55.（）D.taking away 56.（）C.breaks

57.（）D.known

58.（）B.number

59.（）A.fixed

60.（）C.dealing

61.（）A.outskirts

62.（）D.final

63.（）B.thing

64.（）C.give up

65.（）B.kept

第五篇：完型填空：職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)(理工類(lèi)B級(jí))考前預(yù)測(cè)押題試卷

完型填空：職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)(理工類(lèi)B級(jí))考前預(yù)測(cè)押題試卷

第六部分：完型填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共15分)閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

Crashed Cars to Text Message for Help

There is no good place to have a car crash--but some places are worse than others.In a foreign country, for instance, 51 to explain via cell-phone that you are upside down in a ditch when you cannot speak the local language can fatally delay the arrival of the emergency services.But an answer may be at hand.Researchers funded by the European Commission are beginning tests of a system called E-merge that 52 senses when a car has crashed and sends a text message telling emergency services in the local language that the accident has taken place.The system was 53 by ERTICO, a transport research organization based in Brussels, Belgium.Cars are fitted with a cell-phone-sized device attached 54 the underside of the dashboard which is activated by the same sensor that triggers the airbag in a crash.The device 55 a cell-phone circuit, a GPS positioning unit, and a microphone and loudspeaker.It registers the severity of the crash by 56 the deceleration data from the airbag's sensor, Using GPS information, it works out which country the car is in, and from this it determines 57 which language ot compose an alert message detailing precise location of the accident.The device then automatically makes a call to the local emergency services 58 If the car's occupants are conscious, they can communicate with the operator 59 the speaker and microphone.E-merge also transmits the vehicles make, model, color and license number, and its heading when it crashed, which in turn indicates on which side of a multi-lane highway it ended up.This 60 the emergency services find the vehicle as soon as they arrive on the scene, “We can waste a large 61 time searching for an incident,” says Jim Hammond, a(an)62 in vehicle technology at the Association of Chief Police Officers in the UK.Tests will begin soon with police car fleets in the UK.Trials have already started in Germany, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands and Italy.In-car systems that summon the emergency services after a crash have 63 been fitted in some premium cars.ERTICO says that 64 EU states are willing to fund the necessary infrastructure;E-merge could be working by 2008.A study by French car maker Renault concluded that the system could save up to 6000 fo the 40,000 lives lost each year on Europe's roads, and prevent a similar number of serious in-juries.The Renault study estimates that fitting E-merge to every car in Europe would eventually save around 150 billion per 65 in terms of reduced costs to health services and insurance companies, and fewer lost working days.51 A try B tried C trying D having tried 52

A automatically B accidentally C tremendously D usually 53

A changed B located C developed D copied 54 A by B up C about D to 55

A forms B is consisted of C composes of D includes 56 A read B reading C reads D being read 57 A on B in C of D at 58

A car maker B policeman C doctor D operator 59 A via B near C by D beside 60

A assists B causes C makes D helps 61

A number of B deal of C amount of D volume of 62

A writer B reporter C expert D leader 63

A already B long ago C long before D shortly 64

A although B nevertheless C however D if 65 A city B year C person D country 參考答案: 51 C這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)是：trying to explain…＋can fatally delay＋the arrival of…。trying to explain…是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。A和B都不符合語(yǔ)法要求，D也不是正確選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)榫渥拥膬?nèi)容沒(méi)有“已經(jīng)試圖解釋……”的意思。52 A本句說(shuō)的是研究人員在試驗(yàn)一種能自動(dòng)感知車(chē)禍并向有關(guān)部門(mén)傳送車(chē)禍信息的先進(jìn)裝置。從意思上判斷，這里只能選A，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不符合句意。53 C從上下文判斷，這套system指的是第二段的正在試驗(yàn)的車(chē)禍感知通報(bào)裝置，所以選developed是正確的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

D attached在這里是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾a cell-phone—sized device。be attached to：被連接在……上，在這里的意思是“被安裝在……上”。55 D選項(xiàng)A的forms意思不對(duì)。選項(xiàng)B的is consisted of用法錯(cuò)誤，consist of只用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。選項(xiàng)C的composes of也是用法不對(duì)，compose of要用be composed of形式。D是正確答案。56 B這個(gè)句子說(shuō)，裝置通過(guò)讀取來(lái)自氣囊感應(yīng)器的減速數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)記錄翻車(chē)事故的嚴(yán)重性。By doing sth．的意思是“通過(guò)做……的方法?！眗ead在這里的意思是：to obtain information讀取資料。

B本題必須使用介詞in?！璱t determines in which language to compose an alert message裝置做出用什么語(yǔ)言來(lái)編寫(xiě)緊急信息的決定。再舉一個(gè)例子來(lái)解釋in的這種用法：The alert message is composed in Chinese．用中文來(lái)編寫(xiě)緊急信息。58 D從上下文的意思來(lái)看，裝置自動(dòng)打電話給接線員，然后接線員與車(chē)內(nèi)人通話。所以應(yīng)該選擇D。

A via的意思是by means of(憑借)，后面往往跟名詞，如：sent the letter via airmail。其他選都不符合句意。60 D從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)看，不能選擇A和B，因?yàn)樗鼈兊挠梅ㄊ牵篴ssist(cause)sth．or sb．To do sth．，而在這個(gè)句子里find之前沒(méi)有動(dòng)詞不定式標(biāo)志to。make sb．do的結(jié)構(gòu)中不帶to，但make的意思不符合句意。選項(xiàng)D的helps是答案，因?yàn)閔elp的用法是help sb．(to)do。

C a large number of用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞，如“a large number of books”；deal常常和great連用，如：a great deal of time。a large(或great)amount of修飾不可數(shù)名詞，所以C是正確選擇。

C從上下文意思判斷，只能選expert。

A根據(jù)句意和時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)該選擇A。shortly的意思是“很快”。long a9o必須與過(guò)去時(shí)一起使用，long before應(yīng)該與過(guò)去完成時(shí)一起使用。

D選項(xiàng)A和B引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不符合句子的意思；however不能引導(dǎo)從句；這里應(yīng)該使用條件狀語(yǔ)從句，所以D是正確選項(xiàng)。65 B選項(xiàng)在此意為：每一。save around 150 billion per year每年節(jié)約大約1，500億歐元。從上下文意思判斷，只能選year。