第一篇：六級寫作（寫寫幫整理）

很感謝作者總結的關于六級考試中如何寫好作文的方法。文章太長，我去掉了細枝末節(jié)，把認為精彩的部分貼出來，和大家分享。

再次感謝原作者，因為文章是匿名所寫，故無法注明出處和作者名。

12月份六級考試臨近，希望所有與我一樣為CET6奮斗的朋友，在學習此文后，在作文部分拿到理想成績。

PS 我建議大家仔細體會文章介紹的幾個句型，熟悉作者列出的替代詞和銜接詞組，對于基礎欠佳的朋友可以背幾個給出的模板。我相信，每個認真看完這篇貼的人，這次六級作文都能考上100分。

pps 有一些排版沒編輯好，粗體和下劃線沒顯示出來，今天有點事，明天再來編輯。

五大閃光點及其應用

當批卷老師已經大致決定一篇文章的分數段時候，她靠什么來決定最后給出的分數呢？比如，8-10分是一個分數段，11-13分也是一個分數段。那到底最后給出是8分還是10分，或者是11分還是13分到底是取決于什么呢？根據Global Scoring的原則，這是取決于批卷老師所看到她能認為寫得精彩句子的個數。而本章所討論的內容，就是我總結出的比較簡單而又實用的所謂“閃光點”。

我在看到一篇六級作文的題目后，首先是分析其類型，然后就是考慮如何把閃光點應用到該篇文章里以及如何根據圍繞這些閃光點來“編造”這篇文章。這里有個小訣竅。你可以在考試時候故意把你的字體寫小點，等到寫你認為比較精彩的句子時候再恢復原大小。這樣就會使批卷老師更容易發(fā)現你所寫的精彩之處。當然，這是需要練習的，而且對你寫字的漂亮與否有很高要求。如果你本身寫字就不甚雅觀，那還是別采取這種方法了吧，那會讓你的文章看起來更亂的。OK，讓我們進入正題。所謂的五大閃光點，其實估計每個“真正”經歷過高考英語的人都會很熟悉。它們其實就是我們高中所學的比較復雜的語法。說復雜，指的是我們當時做Multiple Choice時候可能會覺的挺頭疼的問題。當然，想真正運用自如的把它們應該到寫作中也是很難而且需要下苦功夫的。我們在這里只是在它們中每個找一個或者幾個簡單好記而又適用范圍比較廣的應用例子。這其實是一種不怎么可取的方法，不過作為短時間提高寫作的捷徑，還是有點價值的。下面讓我們來看看五大閃光點都有哪些：

虛擬語句。虛擬語句曾經是我們高中最討厭的語法，什么對現代虛擬用過去時，對過去虛擬用過去完成時啥的聽起來那就是腦袋蒙啊。所以，關于虛擬語句的應用，我選了兩個比較簡單而又適用性又比較廣泛的句型：

A: If I were ??, I would + 動詞原形 意思是如果我是??，我會??.B: It is high time that + 一般過去時 意思是 ??已經刻不容緩了。這兩個句型基本每篇文章都能用到，而且基本都在最后一段。

2．強調句型。強調句型相對來說比結構比較單一。主要就是兩種：對人強調的who和對物強調的that。為了讓句子更加精彩，我加入了個插入語：more than anyone/anything else.A: It is/was ??, more than anyone else, who?? 對人的強調

B: It is/was ??, more than anything else, that/which ?? 對物的強調 3．倒裝結構。這里我們只使用程度副詞放在句首時候引起倒裝這種情況。而且，我們一般只用only。我推薦的是以下兩個句子結構：

A: Only in this way/under successful control/special circumstances/after careful considerations can we??.只有??我們才能?? B: Not only + 倒裝，but +主語+also 不但??而且??

引用諺語。背幾個常用的諺語，并用正確的形式表達出來，也能成為文章的一大閃光點。我推薦以下兩種引入諺語的句子結構：

A: Just as the proverb/idiom/slang goes: “??.”, it is ?? 最簡單的引入諺語結構 B: An inspiring/A warning proverb/idiom/slang echoing in my mind goes as: “??.”,and it indicates that??/so is 這個使用時候注意分清楚是正面諺語還是反面諺語，正面用inspiring,反面用warning。而且不要把不定冠詞用錯了。后面有一個常用英語諺語表，是我從一本托福作文書上復印下來的，有空看看，記下來幾個，將來肯定能用到。

非限定性定語從句。非限定性定語從句是用來修飾逗號前面的整個一句話的結構，只能用which引導。我喜歡用非限定性定語從句結構表示某件事物的重要性，如下：

主語（最好動名詞）is regarded/considered/viewed as a essential/ignorable/wise賓語（可以是complement, turning point, decision等等）, which is of vital importance/significance.怎樣把以上這些閃光點應用到實際的作文題目中去？現在讓我舉幾個例子來解釋一下： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled“Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? ”You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below :

1．名校校園正成為旅游新熱點

2．校園是否應對游客開放，人們看法不同

3．我認為??

這是2005年12月的四級寫作題目。雖然是四級作文，但其實和六級作文題目的議論文很像?，F在讓我們來看看是如何把以上閃光點應用到這個題目上的。當然，所謂的應用是需要一點發(fā)散思維和想象力的。

假設你認為校園不應該對游客開放，你可以在最后一段這樣寫：

As far as I am concerned, I strongly object to the issue.It is university campus tourism, more than anything else, that has an inevitably negative impact on the students’ daily studies and lives.Therefore, if I were the government decision maker, I would set regulations to stop any tourist from paying a visit to the university campus as quickly as I can.或者，你認為雙方觀點都不太對，想中庸一下，可以這樣寫：

For my part, both sides are lop-sided.A warning proverb echoing in my mind goes as: “Fire is a good servant but had a bad master”, and so is university campus tourism.Only under successful control can we minimize the negative impacts and maximize positive impacts.As a result, it is high time that government made relevant regulations to make this newly developing industry more standardized.另一個例子。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer.You should write at Least 150 words following the outline given below:

1.對公司提供職位表示感謝

2.解釋為何不能接受所提供職位的原因

3.希望予以諒解，并表達對公司的良好祝愿.這是2005年12月六級寫作題目，書信寫作。你可以這樣寫：

I do appreciate your giving me this priceless opportunity to show my talents.Choosing the right career is regarded as a turning point in one’s life, which is of vital importance.As far as I am concerned, I firmly assure that it is the job offered by you that fits me best.However, I have been admitted by a famous foreign university recently, and the discipline that I was enrolled makes me very excited.Consequently, I was involved in a dilemma as to whether I should choose shark’s fin or bear’s paw.After long-time careful considerations, I am ultimately determined to decline your job offer.It is the further developing foreground, more than anything else, that forces me to make such a hard decision.Not only can I learn advanced professional knowledge there, but I am also able to improve my oral English.其實關于這些閃光點的應用例子還有很多。但具體怎么在文中使用還是經過很多練習才能掌握的。一個能熟練使用以上結構的人，可以在看到題目一分鐘之內就想出如何在文中體現出這些結構。但是，有一個是非常重要的前提，那就是一定要正確的使用！所以嘛，我建議“有幸”讀到本“文”的XDJM們平常一定要多練習練習，哪怕就像我上面那樣寫某篇文章的一小段就可以，關鍵是盡量嘗試把這些結構中的兩個或者更多應用到一起去，并通過銜接詞和有效的過渡來使得文章更通順。

單詞替換

四級作文和六級作文在要求上有什么區(qū)別？或者說，大學作文和高中作文在要求上有什么區(qū)別？除了對字數的要求更多了，體裁上略有變化之外，就是對文中所出現的詞匯的豐富度有著不同的要求。按照教學大綱的要求，那些我們天天背的單詞是需要知道怎么在文章中使用的。四級作文就要使用四級的詞匯，六級作文就要使用六級的詞匯。當然，這對很多學生來講是有點難度的。因為他們對那些他們背起來都饒口的單詞的用法那是相當陌生的。還有一點很重要的就是，如果一個單詞在文章中出現很多次，應該想辦法用不同的方式來表達出來以顯示詞匯的豐富程度。比如表示“能夠”這個含義，我們可以用can, be able to, be capable of, not beyond one’s ability/ capability, be qualified to等等。這就是英語中所謂的word variety，通過意思相同或者相近的詞或短語的交替使用來使文章的用辭豐富多彩。

那么，我們在一篇六級作文中應該用到多少六級詞匯的？在我看來，有5-10個就足夠足夠。而且，用到的詞匯在詞性上應該有些變化。也就是說，最好有名詞，有動詞，也有形容詞或者副詞。名詞好說，知道單復數可數不可數就可以了。形容詞和副詞只要別用的太離譜就好?？墒莿釉~的用法就比叫講究了。首先，你得知道一個動詞是否及物，如果不及物還得知道應該和什么介詞搭配。而且用動詞時候還要考慮時態(tài)變化和主謂一致。這些確實比較麻煩。所以，我們要提前準備一些可以相互替換的各種類型詞匯好用來熟練的使用在六級作文中。其實，很多時候記憶一些據有相近意思的詞不是很困難的。比如表示“考慮”這個意思，你能想出幾種說？think about? consider? 這些都是些高中的詞匯。所以，這些都不能成為文章中的亮點。作為一個大學生，最起碼得知道個take something into consideration吧?再多知道點，把consideration換account，也是一個意思。此外相同意思的還有allow for，make allowances for。如果有一篇需要表達很多次“考慮”這個意思的文章，而你又恰當的使用了以上幾個不同的短語，那絕對是文章的一個得分點。下面這些是我總結的一些可以替換使用的單詞。注意，其實近意詞其實在含義上還是有微小差別的。而區(qū)分這些詞在高級英語寫作稱為Word Choice。不過在六級中，沒必要分那么細，最重要的是在作文中正確展示出六級詞匯。

（前面的是常用的，后面的一般是六級詞匯）

Think-Believe-Assume-Assure-Assert 引導從句-Adhere to接名詞 Say-Claim-Allege 引導從句

Motivate-Agitate(Agitate for sth, Agitate sb)-Propel Release-Alleviate Refer to-Mention-Allude to Obey-Abide by-Comply with-Conform to-Defer to Suddenly-Abruptly Give up-Abstain Stop myself from doing-Abstain from-Refrain from Attract-Allure-Appeal to（物做主語）Kind-Amiable Pay attention to-Attach importance to Ambitious-Enterprising（表示有進取心，傳說中的五星級詞匯）Teenagers-Adolescent（注意一般做形容詞用）Modify-Amend Enough-Sufficient-Ample Surprise-Appall（做動詞講）

Assessment(assess)-Appraisal(appraise)Understand-Comprehend-Apprehend Talent-Aptitude Kind-hearted-Ardent A series of-An array of Pride-Arrogant-Complacent-Lofty Date back to-Ascend to Attribute to-Ascribe to-Accredit to Appearance-Advent Harmful-Adverse-Disastrous Long for-Thirsty for-Aspire after-Pant for-Strive for-yearn for Confidence-Self-Assurance Various-Diverse-Assorted Enlarge-Amplify-Augment-Magnify Waiter-Attendant Absorb-Assimilate Reliable-Authentic-Credible Make good use of-Avail oneself of Wild-Barren-Desolate Hardly-Barely Justified-Neutral-Unbiased-Impartial In advance-beforehand Be aware of-Beware of Strange-Bizarre Drink-Beverage(做名詞講)In despair-Bleak Straightforward-Blunt Fight with-Brawl with-Tangle with Disobedience to-Breach of Lively-Brisk Frangible-Brittle Look over-Brower Through-Flick Through Threaten-Bully Adversity-Calamity Warning-Caution(做名詞講時候)Loss-Casualty Prove-Notify-Certify Treasure-Cherish Clearness-Clarity Consistent-Coherent Close-Adjacent Cooperation with –Collaboration with Funny-Comical Begin with-Commence with Ordinary-Commonplace Chaos-Commotion Public-Communal Tight-Compact Qualification-Competence According-Uniform-Concerted-Conform Think up-Come up with-Conceive of-Formulate Believe-Confide in Insist on-Persist of Surefooted-Conscientious Continuous-Consecutive-Incessant Discuss-Confer on Award-Confer Secret-Private-Confidential Conclusion-Consensus Enhance-Consolidate Obvious-Apparent-Conspicuous Restrict-Constrain Shorten-Constrict-Curtail Infective-Contagious Look down upon somebody-Hold somebody in Contempt-Despise Satisfied-Content-Contented Debate-Contention Agree with-Consent to Change-Transformation-Conversion(名詞形式)Related-Relevant-Correlated Fallen-Corrupt Polite-Courteous Proof-Certification-Credentials Accustomed-Customary Cheat-Deceive Determined-Decisive Weakness-Deficiency-Drawback Lack of-In default of Rejection-Denial Use up-Deplete Go against-Oppose-Object to-Deplore-Dissent from Deprive of-Oust of Assign-Designate-Dispense Embarrassment-Dilemma Hardworking-Diligent Revel-Disclose Replace-Displace Depression-Dismay-Despair Spread-Disseminate Variety-Diversity Strict-Drastic Awful-Dreadful Boring-Dull-Dreary-Monotonous Doubtful-Dubious-Suspicious Promote-Elevate Persuasive-Convincing-Eloquent Outstanding-Excellent-Eminent-Exceptional-Fabulous-Gorgeous Effort-Endeavor Attractive-Enchanting Bearably-Endurably Dynamic-Energetic Seek for-Enlist Justice-Equity Respect-Esteem Forever-Permanent-Eternal Politeness-Etiquette Recall-Evoke Be good at-Do well in-Excel in Profession-Expertise Kick out-Expel Expense-Expenditure(多指政府)Release from-Exempt from Implement-Execute Luxury-Extravagant Crazy-Fanatic Ineffective-Feeble Cruel-Merciless-Ferocious-Relentless-Ruthless Loyalty-Faithfulness-Adherence-Fidelity Limited-Finite Drive Crazy-Go bananas-Flip out Major-Prior-Foremost Predict-Foresee Adopt-Foster Take a risk-Take a gamble Fail--Come to grief Complaint-Grumble Union-Guild Up to now-Hitherto Important-Significant-Vital-Imperative-Momentous Incalculable-Innumberable Concentrated-Intent Tolerant-Lenient Profitable-Lucrative Control-Manipulate Remember-Memorize Aggressive-Militant Careful-Meticulous A lot of-A multitude of Omit-Neglect However-Nonetheless Famous-Well-known-Notable Block-Obstruct Suitable-Fitful-Optimum Come from-Originate from Adapt to-Orient to Decoration-Ornament Previous-Preceding Prevent-Preclude Take charge of-Preside over Possibility-Probability Mastership-Proficiency Mutual-Reciprocal Dependable-Reliable Abolish-Revoke Lure-Seduce Gregarious-Sociable Ease-Soothe Wide-Spacious Completely-Entirely-Absolutely-Stark Excessive-Superfluous Exhausting-Tiresome Brand-Trademark Temporary-Transient Exceed-Transcend Peaceful-Tranquil Agreeable-Unanimous Healthy-Wholesome 現在舉個單詞替換的例子。把10頁我修改的過的文章再加入些六級詞匯重新修改下。黑體字部分為替換部分。

Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? Many advocates firmly hold it inignorable to add a test of spoken without any doubt since the traditional English examinations don’t seem to accurately appraise the true level of one’s English skill.Under such an English education system that attaches little importance to oral practice, it is commonplace to see students with good marks in the exam are not able to speak English even a little bit.In addition, with China’s entrance into WTO, the candidates who are capable of speaking English fluently will be needed and valued more and more popularly.However, people rarely reach an absolute consensus in such a controversial issue.People who dissent from adding a test of spoken English argue English is not the only discipline in the university, and what ought to be given superiority to are those professional knowledge.Adding a test of spoken English may aggravate the burden of college students and thus curtail their time for studying other subjects.As far as I am concerned, I unquestionably consent to the former viewpoint.Oral English is of vital importance for us since one cannot expect to take a piece of paper along with him in order to communicate with foreigners.Not only can a test of spoken English call on the university students to spend more time studying oral English, but it is also able to challenge one as a qualified learner.As a result, just as the proverb goes “Practice makes perfect”, I am planning to do more oral exercises to prepare for that probable change.It is high time that we realized the significance of oral English, isn’t?

變了這九個詞之后，這基本就是一篇14分的作文了。單詞替換看似簡單，其實也需要很多練習。要弄清每個詞的意思，詞性，以及用法。尤其是動詞，更要特別注意。因為我最近在忙準備碩士申請的一系列麻煩問題，所以寫的有點草率，沒有把漢語意思列出來。希望讀到本“文”的GGMM們能自己好好查下字典，弄清楚這些單詞的意思，并盡可能得把他們記憶下來。相信我，當你們能熟練得進行單詞替換時候，就是你們英語水平突飛猛進的時候。如果有什么關于這些的詞的問題，可以咨詢我哈。進步，獲取知識，過六級，這些才是是最重要的嘛。

句子銜接

一個外國人和一個中國人寫的文章，拋開語法應用和單詞運用不談，最大的區(qū)別是什么？答案是對銜接詞的使用。銜接詞，在英語里稱為Transition Words。注意，銜接詞和連接詞（連詞）不同。連詞在英文里是Conjunctive Words，主要是表示連接復句的。一般來說，連詞一般都是銜接詞，而銜接詞不都是連詞。銜接詞主要是指句子和句子間表明邏輯關系的詞。當然，也不是所有的句子間都需要銜接詞來完成過渡的。但一篇好的文章，尤其是議論文，大量的使用銜接詞是必不可少的。不光是句子間，段與段之間也需要銜接詞。比如，在議論文中，我們經常用到First, Foremost, Secondly, In addition, Moreover, What’s more, Besides, However, Nevertheless, Finally, Last but not least等都是銜接詞。下面是個簡單的小例子：

It is 11 pm right now.I don’t have enough money to buy my supper.I feel very hungry.It makes me lack of energy.I decide to stop my work and go to bed.I cannot get into sleep.I am too hungry.是不是讀起來很不舒服？這就是缺少了銜接詞的后果。現在加上些銜接詞，再感覺下： It is 11 pm right now.Since I don’t have enough money to buy my supper, I feel very hungry.In addition, it makes lack of energy.As a result, I decide to stop my work and go to bed.However, I cannot get into sleep because I am too hungry 這樣是不是就感覺流暢多了？這就是銜接詞的作用，讓文章的意思表達的更加清晰，有邏輯性。一般來說，根據表達句與句（段與段，一小部分）之間的關系不同，銜接詞有七種：（斜體表示常用）表示時間和頻率：Generally, In general, soon after, when, while, on the while, usually, rarely, frequently, in most cases, as a rule, at times, meanwhile, as soon as, until, as, just as, at the moment, whenever 表示附加，層進和比較：Additionally, As well as, Just as, again, Along with, Likewise, Also, In the same manner, Further, In the same way, Similarly, In addition to, Besides, And, Moreover, Not only?but also, First/Firstly, To begin with, Second/Secondly, To start with, Third/Thirdly, What’s more, In addition, Furthermore, In the first place, Still, Last but not least, In the end, Foremost, Lastly, In the same way, Equally, Differently, Finally 表示轉折和讓步：Although, Instead, Rather than, But, Nevertheless, Though, However, One the one hand, On the other hand, Otherwise, Despite, In spite of, Instead of, Yet, Rather, Whereas, In contrast, Alternatively, Even so, After all, All the same, Naturally, Admittedly, Frankly speaking, To tell you the truth, Nonetheless 表示因果和結論：All in all, In Consequence, In brief, As a result, In conclusion, Hence, Therefore, Because, Since, In sum, In Summary, To summarize, In short, In a nutshell, To sum up, For, Consequently, Accordingly, For this reason 表示強調和細節(jié)：Of course, Indeed, Above all, Most importantly, In fact, Actually, As a matter of fact, Really, In truth, Especially, , In particular, In detail 表示解釋和闡述：In other words, Personally, As far as I am concerned, In my opinion 表示建議和舉例：For example, For instance, With this in mind, For this purpose, 當然，這些并不能完成包括所有的銜接詞。但是，對于六級作文說，這些已經足夠了。至于具體如何使用這些銜接詞，這需要反復的練習和鞏固。熟練而正確的使用銜接詞會使文章感覺更流暢，在英文里稱為Coherence。而且，銜接詞和別的詞一樣，要注意換著使用。比如，用過Because后下面的就可以改用Since或者For，當然也可以用As a result和Therefore等等。再比如，闡述一個論點的許多支持論據，可以用的就更多了，比如In addition, Moreover, Furthermore, What’s more, Besides等等。而表示轉折也可以用However, but和Nevertheless來交替使用。現在讓我們把本章開頭的那段話用別的銜接詞再重新構造一下，如下：

It is 11 pm right now.I feel very hungry because I don’t have enough money to buy my supper.Moreover, it makes me lack of energy.Therefore, I decide to stop my work and go to bed, but I cannot get into sleep, for I am too hungry.大家可不要小看銜接詞哦。這些貌似很簡單的詞匯也是六級作文重要的閃光點。英語老師們99%都是英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)的，而銜接詞用法是英語專業(yè)在寫作中必修課之一。而在非英語專業(yè)里，銜接詞卻沒有被給予足夠視。而這也是為什么那么多大學生的英語作文慘不忍睹的原因之一。如果你能用好這些銜接詞，就能greatly impress批卷老師，從而得到讓人滿意的分數。記住，跟別人不同，才能讓批卷老師心甘情愿的給你高分。

議論文寫作

議論文是六級作文的一個重要組成部分。一般來說，六級的議論文會給你如下的結構： 有些人認為??.另外一些人認為??.（一般跟前面的人看法相反）我的觀點是??

雖然從個人的角度來看，這個結構十分不合理。但沒辦法，誰讓老師這么出題呢。俺也只好從這些方面來考慮了。

先說關于1部分的。很多時候，作文會給你一些句子讓你翻譯或者直接用在文章里。比如10頁那個作文的“Is a test of spoken English necessary?” 所以在使用模板前，要先仔細閱讀下題目，別上來不管三七二十一就開始動筆。在沒有指定首句的情況下，可以采用一下模板：

Recently, there has aroused a controversial/heated debate/contention as to/over whether __________.Those people who approve of/are in favor of/support/pronounce for the practice/viewpoint/issue of _____(The advocates)firmly/undoubtedly hold/believe/assure that _________ since/because ___________.What’s more, they also claim/allege that ___________.In addition, they further state that ______________.(if needed)關于2部分。首先，從1部分到2部分最好有一個轉折。這個銜接其實從整篇文章的角度上看對內容的闡述是沒有什么重要作用的。但是，我們可以提前準備這句話，把前面所涉及到的各種閃光點加到這句話中來達到形成得分點的目的。

However, people can rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue./ However, just as the proverbs goes: “So many people, so many minds”, it is quite understandable that people from different back grounds put different interpretations on the same issue./However, just as the proverb goes: “Every coin has its two sides”, _____is no exception.這是我比較喜歡又比較好記的三種轉折方式。注意，controversial這個詞如果在1部分里使用了就不要在這里用了。任何時候都要考慮單詞替換。然后下面是2部分剩下的。People who strongly oppose/object to/challenge against/pronounce against ______(The opponents)assert/declare that _________________.Actually, they think/believe that _____________.Moreover, ____________.Furthermore, ____________.(if needed)第3部分主要是提出自己的觀點。這里有大概兩種情況，一種是你同意其中的一方的觀點，另外一種是你認為雙方說的都有道理但都有失偏頗。首先來看第一種情況： As far as I am concerned/With taking all perspectives into considerations/accounts/With making all viewpoints for allowances/Through carefully weighing in my mind, I unquestionably/undoubtedly agree with/side with/prefer/am inclined to take sides with the former(latter)point of view/issue/viewpoint.____________________________________.注意如果使用系動詞應該是I am + adverb + 后面成份。接下來看第二種情況：

As far as I am concerned, both sides are lop-sided.(At first thought, the two ideas seem to be reasonable and attractive, but carefully weighing in mind, I can barely consent to them because both of them are lacking of logical/careful/extensive/broad considerations/thoughts/advisement.)____________________________________.但是，第二種情況一般很少用到。貌似是在自找麻煩??

提出了觀點之后，至于怎么去證明自己的觀點，就是仁者見仁，智者見智了。不過，無非也就是考慮下如何正確的使用那些閃光點。下面讓我們用以上模板來完成一篇六級作文（1999年1月）。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic “Reading Selectively Or Extensively?” You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1.有人認為讀書要有選擇

2.有人認為應當博覽群書

3.我的看法

Recently, there has aroused a controversial contention over whether one should read selectively or extensively.Those people who approve of the issue of selective reading firmly assure that it is wiser to read selectively since one’s energy is rather limited.What’s more, they also allege that some books are useless, and one should not spend any time reading them.In addition, they further state that one should always attach great importance to reading books correlated to his or her professional field in order to make him or her more competent.However, just as the proverbs goes: “So many people, so many minds”, it is quite understandable that people from different back grounds put different interpretations on the same issue.People who strongly pronounce against reading selectively assert that one should always read extensively.Actually, the opponents believe that reading extensively will broaden one’s vision and lead him or her to a much wider way of thinking.Moreover, they insist that it is reading extensively that helps one become more and more mature.Through carefully weighing in my mind, I am unquestionable inclined to take sides with the latter point of view.Reading extensively is of vial importance on one’s way to grow up.Not only does reading extensively help with absorbing a diversity of knowledge, but it also enables one to function efficiently on an interdisciplinary team.If I were one of those advocates for reading selectively, I would be fairly shameful since I had put forward a wrong issue.下劃線表示用到了五大閃光點，黑體字表示是六級要求掌握的單詞或者短語。雖然寫的比較多，但其實如果掌握這些模板和技巧，在30分鐘內寫出這樣一篇文章是絕對沒有問題的。不過從近年的考試出題趨勢看，這種正反類型的考題似乎已經不受歡迎了。盡管如此，誰也不能保證以后就再也不出這種類型的作文。所以，還是應該看看相關的模板來練習下的。

記敘文寫作

六級的記敘文大致可以分兩種，一種是闡述型，一種是記敘型。從大的方向上講，闡述型和記敘型都可以理解為在翻譯題目要求內容基礎上擴充內容來完成一篇文章。而細分起來，一般闡述型會包含些解釋和強調的內容，而記敘型則沒有該要求。從目前的趨勢看，純粹的記敘型作文已經很少了（好像只有03年的四級作文是）。但是，從另一方面講，書信也可以算做純記敘型的作文。這章我們主要討論的是如何寫好闡述型作文。闡述型作文自從1998年第一次出現后一直是考試的一個熱點，而且根據這幾次考試的出題規(guī)律來看這次考的可能性還不小。For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled “On Piracy” of no less than 150 words.You may base your writing on the following outline:

1．目前盜版的現象比較嚴重。

2．造成這種現象的原因及危害

3．我們應該怎么做

當看到作文題目后，從三段論的角度上考慮，我們腦子里首先應該有這么一個大致的提綱： Phenomenon Description Causes and Effects How should we do? 然后，再考慮五大閃光點應該如何應用到作文中。首先，在最后一段可以用It is high time that 這個虛擬來表示強調吧，而最后一句也可以用一個only放在句首的倒裝來表示強調。其次，在討論危害時候可以用到not only?but also來表示層進吧。當然強調句型也可以用來進一步強調其危害性之大。而諺語和非限定定語從句的使用就比較不固定了，基本是有了靈感就往上拽?？偠灾宕箝W光點的應用是需要些想像力的??

接下來開始分析寫作重點和長度分配。第一段是描述部分，一般2-3句話。第二段是表示原因和影響，需要重點寫，5-7句話。最后一段是強調我們應該在做什么，3-5句話。描述原因時候要注意用銜接詞體現出層次。根據以上想法，我們可以大致勾畫出這樣這樣一篇作文：（黑體表示六級詞匯，下劃線表示用到了五大閃光點）

Currently, piracy is becoming unimaginably visible in China.Any product, like tape, CD and hi-tech device can be copied, not to mention book.Shortly after a newly-published book hits the shelves, people will unsurprisingly find its pirated counterparts in the stores.The reasons for the phenomenon, which are obvious to all, can be listed as follows: First and foremost, the price of the products that are pirated is too high that most people cannot afford it.In addition, the price of the pirated products is much lower and, in some cases, the pirated product doesn’t necessarily mean low quality.Last not least, some officials give top priority to economy.They will tolerate, or even encourage, anything so long it can bring them financial income.However, the pirated products really do much harm.Not only do they infringe intellectual property rights, but they also offend against the rules of the market.It is piracy, more than anything else, that make companies investing in invention inevitably run bankruptcy.If the situation stays as it was or ever deteriorates, our society will stop where it is.No advance.No progress.As far as I am concerned, it’s high time that the government called on everyone to start the battle against piracy.Just as the proverb goes: “Every little makes a nickel”, if citizens’ consciousness to resist pirated products get higher, the amount of pirated products will be greatly reduced.Besides, law should be strictly carried out to ban piracy from spreading any further.Only in this way can we put an end to piracy and create a healthy environment for both customers and producers.其實闡述性文章是沒有所謂的模板的,因為誰不知道到底會考哪方面的內容。所以，我們要提高對其文章結構性的認知以及寫作側重點的掌握。這就需要對前面幾部分內容，比如五大閃光點，單詞替換和句子銜接更加熟悉。

書信寫作

書信寫作其實就是帶有書信格式的記敘文寫作。所以，就其內容而言，其實并沒有什么太多好說的。不過，把書信的格式寫好還是很重要的。一般來說，書信寫作可以分成以下幾部分內容：

1、稱呼

2、寒暄語句，引出寫信的目的

3、根據提綱擴展主體段落

4、表明自己的觀點，并結束書信主體段落

5、寒暄句+落款

稱呼一般是Dear XXX, 的形式開頭。如果知道對方的名字或者職務，可以直接寫上。如果題目中沒有給出任何信息（一般不常見）可以說Dear Sir/Madam, 或者To who it may concern,。

開頭的寒暄句根據書信的內容會有不同，不過結尾的寒暄句基本都是一樣的，我一般都喜歡寫B(tài)est wishes to you and your family.。落款也是固定的Sincerely yours, 和名字。至于寫誰的名字，如果題目中給出寫信人的具體名字，就署名一下好了。如果沒給，也不要用自己的名字，隨便編一個就好。還是用我在第二章提到的例子，通過以上五部分把前面的部分補全：(老規(guī)矩)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer.You should write at Least 150 words following the outline given below:

1.對公司提供職位表示感謝

2.解釋為何不能接受所提供職位的原因

3.希望予以諒解，并表達對公司的良好祝愿 To whom it may concern, Thank you for offering me this great chance to work as an Internet Engineer.I do appreciate your giving me this priceless opportunity to show my talents.Choosing the right career is regarded as a turning point in one’s life, which is of vital importance.As far as I am concerned, I firmly assure that it is the job offered by you that fits me best.However, I have been admitted by a famous foreign university recently, and the discipline that I was enrolled makes me very excited.Consequently, I was involved in a dilemma as to whether I should choose shark’s fin or bear’s paw.After long-time careful considerations, I am ultimately determined to decline your job offer.It is the further developing foreground, more than anything else, that forces me to make such a hard decision.Not only can I learn advanced professional knowledge there, but I am also able to improve my oral English.I must say sorry to you since I have betrayed your expectations one me.I wish that you can accept my apology.What’s more, I do hope that everything goes well in your company.Best wishes to you and your family.Sincerely yours, Jack 書信寫作一般來說還是比較簡單的。除了注意書信格式以外，基本上就是在題目要求的翻譯基礎上再帶點感情的記敘文了。不過，近兩年書信體裁考的次數不少，還是應該引起足夠的重視的。

圖表寫作

圖表寫作在很長一段時間內都被認為是六級作文中最難的一種。其實，拋開那個圖表不談，剩下的內容其實就是一片闡述型記敘文。而且，六級圖表寫作所涉及到的圖表都很簡單，基本都是那種隨著時間變化數據遞增或者遞減變化的圖。而且，圖表作文的要求也比較類似。從近幾年圖表作文的要求上看，其內容大致可以分成以下三部分：

1、說明圖表

2、說明引起變化的原因

3、說明影響或者提出解決辦法 由此我們可以看出，其實除了1的說明圖表外，2，3其實就是闡述型記敘文?，F在讓我們通過一個例子來看如何描述圖表。

For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic People below Poverty Line.1、下圖所示為1978年，1985年1997年中國貧困線以下人口的變化情況，請先描述其變化。

2、請說明發(fā)生這些變化的原因（可從改革開放、高科技在生產中的應用等）

3、你認為解決目前中國貧困人口還有什么困難或者問題。

從表上可以看出，貧困人口是隨著時間逐漸遞減的，而且遞減的速度很快。所以，我們就可以采用圖表作文的開篇模板句：

As the bar chart/table/graph shows/indicates, there is a/an sharp/amazing/unimaginable/astronomical increase/rise(decrease/reduction/decline)in the number of ________.描述完圖表的大概趨勢后，就要對具體數據進行描述了。由于99%的圖表都是數據隨時間變化圖，所以對數據描述也可以用相關模板完成。

As early as___, _____________.Then great changes have take place due to_________.___years later, ___________.From then now, the society has also undergone a major transformation.Arriving in the year ____, ______________.當然，如果時間相隔的比較短，中間的兩句話可以略微修改下。

注意描述變化相關用詞的變化和替換。增加：rise, increase, mount up, go up 下降：reduce, decrease, drop, fall, decline等等。表示上升或者下降程度的形容詞有sharp, amazing, incredible, unprecedented, unimaginable, astronomical, tremendous, enormous, gigantic, stupendous, striking, whacking, prodigious, egregious等等?，F在我們可以根據以上模板來完上面題目的第一段。（老規(guī)矩）As the bar chart shows, there is a tremendous decline in the number of people below poverty line in China during the years of 1978 to 1997.As early as 1978, the number of people below poverty line in China is nearly 250 million.Then great changes have taken place due to the policy of reform and opening.Eight years later, the number had been strikingly reduced to less than 150 million.From then now, the society has also undergone a major transformation.Arriving in the year 1997, the number incredibly dropped to about 25 million.除了第一段外，這篇文章基本就和第六章所討論的闡述型記敘文寫作沒多大區(qū)別了?，F在把剩下兩段補全：

There are several factors contributing to the sharp decrease of the below-poverty population.First and foremost, the reform and opening following 1978 enabled the peasants to become much better off.In addition, with the development of Chinese economy, that policy also improved city dwellers' living standards prodigiously.Furthermore, the high-tech introduced made it possible for the country's economy as a whole to take off.All these result in the stupendous fall of the Chinese population below the poverty line.However, a further reduction in the number of poverty-stricken people is faced with some serious problems.Nowadays, quite few employees have been laid off.What’s more, university graduates also realize that it difficult to find a job to earn a living.Not only is the effect of unemployment discouraging, but it is also challenging.As a result, it is high time that government officers made some regulations to solve the problem.掌握如何去高質量的完成一篇圖表寫作的是很有必要的。還是那句話，除了描述圖表外，圖表寫作跟闡述性記敘文沒啥太大的區(qū)別。而闡述性記敘文那可是寫作考試的重點。所以，圖表寫作完全可以作為我們復習闡述性記敘文寫作的一個補充。

第二篇：六級寫作要點

六級寫作要點

寫作常見錯誤綜述

１.缺少標題；相對于作文長短來說標題太大，應該根據文章的主要內容縮小標題；標題的大小寫不規(guī)范.?作文的標題中的首尾單詞的第一個字母要大寫,另外,中間出現的單詞中,除冠詞,連詞(and, or, but, nor, for),短的介詞和不定式的to要小寫外,其它詞要大寫:

my first visit to the palace museum

?the people without a country

?rules to abide by

?dickens and david copperfield

?what can the artist do in the world of today?

?what reform means to china

?the myth of a “negro literature”

?the English-speaking people in Quebec

My First Visit to the Palace Museum ?The People Without a Country

?Rules to Abide By

?Dickens and David Copperfield

?What Can the Artist Do in the World of Today?

?What Reform Means to China

?The Myth of a “Negro Literature”

?The English-Speaking People in Quebec

2.段落開頭空格不規(guī)范，應該空四至五個字母的距離；

文章要分段，不能全文只有一或兩段，一般要有至少三段，而且開頭結尾段不宜太長，一般各部分不超過四句話。

?3.除去開頭結尾一般就應該是文章的中心部分，這部分的內容不能太少。這部分的內容從字數上應該至少超過開頭結尾的總和。而且，從語言形式上看，要把這部分內容分成幾部分且用關聯詞語進行連接，使這部分從形式上看條理清楚。

?中心部分的內容也要意思上是相互聯系的，如先寫重要的，再寫次要的；或先一方面再寫另一方面。

4.不論議論文寫什么內容，請記住只要寫一個中心觀點?？梢蚤_頭段或結尾段亮明你的觀點。

但文章中所有內容都應該為這個中心觀點服務，不論是證明中心觀點的次觀點，還是舉例，請緊緊圍繞你的觀點寫作文。

5.因為是議論文，文章的目的是說服文章讀者認同你的觀點，所以文章要客觀，有說服力。為此，要避免主觀偏激的議論，舉出有說服力的事例或數據，引用名言，做出合理的分析討論。

5.因為是議論文，文章的目的是說服文章讀者認同你的觀點，所以文章要客觀，有說服力。為此，要避免主觀偏激的議論，舉出有說服力的事例或數據，引用名言，做出合理的分析討論。

6.書寫潦草會影響你的得分。單詞拼寫錯誤也常常出現，建議多查字典，考試中對那些沒把握的詞盡量不用。句子的語法錯誤也不少，對此要學好語法，也可通過多練筆請別人改的方法提高。有些表達令人費解，建議寫作完成后嘗試以一個讀者的身份給自己的作文挑刺。

?7.文章的開頭是非常重要的,這是文章的引子。作為讀者, 會從開頭段傳遞出來的信息來對下文的內容有一個合理期待, 如果與期待不符, 會讓讀者覺得文章寫作很不緊湊。

?8要提高寫作不是一朝一夕能做到的，需要下工夫。可以通過多寫作文，多看范文或多背范文，學習寫作知識來提高寫作。平時多背一些好的句型，并能在說的時候盡量用上，多做翻譯練習（口頭的可節(jié)省時間，筆頭能進行細致分析）對提高寫作也很有幫助。

寫作如何開篇

??以校園內或社會上的某種現象或趨勢作為文章的引子來開篇 ?1)With the steady growth in the country’s economy as well as the people’s living standards, ….?2)With the rapid improvement in …/ growing awareness of …, more and more …/ sth…

?(e.g.With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people’s minds at ease.)

?3)Recently, sth./the problem of …h(huán)as been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern.?(e.g.Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)

?4)One of the universal issues we are faced with/ that cause increasing concern is that …

?(e.g.One of the universal issues that draw(cause)growing concern is whether it is wise of man to have invented the automobile.)

?5)In the past few years, there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in…

?(e.g.In the past ten years, there has been a sharp decline in the number of species.)

?6)Nowadays, more/most important/dangerous for our society is …

?(e.g.Nowadays, most dangerous for our society is the tendency to take advantage of each other in political circles.)

?(過渡句)

?1)To prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide the matter/situation to the best advantage, it is necessary/important to …

?2)In the face of …some people take the position that …/some people come to believe that …, to which I can’t attach/add my consent.?In the face of …people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/positions/standpoints.?3)But many people feel puzzled about/ perplexed at…

?2 圖表常用開篇語

?1)As can be seen form the table above, some changes in …h(huán)ave taken place over the period from… to ….?(e.g.As can be seen form the table above, some changes in people’s diet have taken place over the period from 1986 to 1990.)

?2)According to the information given in the table/graph, we can find that…

?3)As can be seen from the table/graph/figure, there is a marked increase/decline/favorable(an unfavorable)change in …

? 4)As we can see from the table/graph/figure above, drastic/considerable/great changes have taken place in …over the period of time form … to…

?(過渡句)

?1）To get a sense of how …we must turn first to causes for it.?2)This is a(n)favorable/unfavorable/unhealthy/

?essential/marked/grateful change/tendency/

?situation, but factors/causes/reasons for it are not hard to find.?3)The progress/improvement/change(s)in …is(are)really tremendous/remarkable/marvelous, so it is necessary to understand what has caused it(them).?

?3)反襯法：從事物的對立面出發(fā)，引出思考。

?e.g.As modern cities have been brought into rapid development, more and more of vegetation is going out of urban life.Trees are being pulled down to make room for high-rise office buildings, and industrial pollution makes it harder for the rest of greenery to survive among the forest of apartment structures.This is a situation worth improving, as vegetation is as essential to health as fresh air to life in big cities.? 1)The current situation of …, if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that…

?(e.g.The current situation of our reforms in political structure, if approached from the opposite angle, reveals that much of the achievement is far from satisfactory.For example, …)

?(過渡句)

?1)This situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is rather distressing/ disturbing/depressing/heart-rending, for the opposite of it is just in line with our wishes/just what is to be expected.?2)This is what we are unwilling to see, so some way must be found

out to …

?3)Fortunately, however, more and more people come/begin to realize that…

?4)Unfortunately, things have worsened/come/developed to the point where…

4．直入法

?Everyone would agree that, although our age entirely overshadows all previous ages in means of obtaining knowledge, reading still takes its leading role in all senses.But agreement ceases as soon as they attempt to determine how to read more profitably, upon which views vary from person to person.?1)To sb.’s mind/In sb.’s eye(s), sth.seems/means…

?2)No one would deny that…

?Or: Everyone would agree that…

?(過渡句)

?1)If we take a further/closer look at this problem/matter, however, more secrets/grounds/chances/ways will be found out for … ?2)If you push the analysis/study/

?argument/comparison/exposure further, you will see that…

?5.讓步法：先承認其好的一面，再轉而討論其不好的一面。?1)The birth/invention of …h(huán)as made an enormous/essential difference to …But it does not mean that…

?(e.g.The birth of the computer has made a radical difference to the human progress.But it does not mean that this wonder does no threat to our society.)

?2)Sth.has changed the way of our society develops,….But its bright side should not keep us from following closely its dark side.?3)No/Little doubt that… But…

?(e.g.Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development.… But some grave defects in it begin to stand out against the modern times.)

? 6．設問法：如題就是一問題，可用此方法

?Title: On Youth

?What does “youth” mean?.....?1)What is the best definition for …?

?2)How/Why does sth.affect our life?

?7.情景法：設計情景，再引出討論。

?1）Suppose/Imagine that …/Let’s suppose/assume/imagine(that)…

?(e.g.Suppose, by any chance, you heartily disagree with anything that is going on about you, you are less likely to stay on the good side of people around you.)

?2)We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma whether…

?(e.g.We often find ourselves caught in a dilemma whether we should reach for the bear’s paw or for the shark’s fin/whether to reach for…)

?(過渡句)

?1)In that case, however, I prefer to … rather than…

?2)When exposed to/subject to the same conditions/challenge/choice, however, different people tend to behave in different ways.?8)引言法：引用名言，不可用直接引語，可自己造名言，只要能說得通。

?1)One of the great sociologists/psychologists once said that?(e.g.One of the great sociologists once said that society affects human character as vitally as the clothes one wears, the food one eats and the friends one involves himself with.)

?(過渡句)

?1)If this is true/the case, what accounts for such an issue:

?2)His voice arouses echoes among people of insight, who have come up with some practical measures.

第三篇：六級寫作素材

六級寫作素材素材一：Technology

﹢Technology helps to

the increase/enhance/promote

efficiency in people’s study and work, making our/their activities more economical and less time-consuming.﹣The youngsters are more likely to/tend to/ incline to be overly dependent on technology, even getting addicted to it.﹣Technology could make/render city-dwellers slaves to high

technology, alienating people from one another.﹣Technology deprives the citizens of fresh air and the comfortable pace of life.素材二：Mind, soul

﹢enable the students to grasp their subjects better, helping them to broaden their horizons.﹢relax their bodies and ease the minds.﹣The citizens are more likely to be monotonous and un-motivating.﹣The youngsters might even suffer from mental diseases/illnesses, such as depression.素材三：Society

﹢promote the development of society

﹢keep the society safe and stable ﹣increase the already high crime rate

素材四：Environment

﹣The proliferation of non-biodegradable rubbish（such as disposable plastic bags）poses a

threat to environment and humanity.how We should not develop economy at the expense of environment.素材五：Employment, competition ﹢create more job opportunities

﹢enable the students to find jobs more easily

﹣The competition in modern society is increasingly fierce, which alienates the city-dwellers from one another and makes them cold and cruel.素材六：Culture globalization ﹢It is manifest that globalization can bring numerous benefits to human.﹢promote/enhance the cultural communication and interaction between people from different countries/ethnic minority.﹣create tension and conflicts between…

素材七：Money（egoism←→altruism）

﹣Youngsters today tend to be

money-oriented and are likely to fall prey to materialism and egoism.﹣It is wrong to equate happiness with making more money and living in a spacious house.

第四篇：六級作文寫作框架

六級作文寫作框架

正反觀點對比

第一段一般只寫兩句。

第一句：There is no consensus of opinions among people as to+需論述問題.第二句：Some people are of the view that +觀點1, while others take an opposite stand, firmly believing that +觀點2.第二段四句：

第一句：Those people who maintain that+正方觀點 believe that +正方理由1.第二句：They also claim that + 正方理由2.第三句：Nevertheless, the other people who contend that +反方觀點 argue that +反方理由1.第四句：They also point out that +反方理由2.第三段寫四句：

第一句：As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.第二句：For one thing, 本人理由1.第三句： For another,+本人理由2.第四句：When all the factors are examined, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that+你所支持的理由.圖表作文

第一段只寫三句：

第一句：As is shown in the graph above, we can see clearly that great changes have taken place in … from…to…

第二句：The first … years saw…

第三句：The last … years witnessed …

第二段只寫四句：

第一句：What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons.第二句：Firstly, … 第三句：Secondly,… 第四句：Finally,…

第三段只寫四句：

第一句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.第二句：For one thing, … 第三句：For another, …

第四句：Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.現象作文

第一段只寫兩句：

第一句：In recent years, there has been…

第二句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.第二段只寫四句：

第一句：What has caused this problem? It seems to me that there are … reasons.第二句：Firstly, … 第三句：Secondly,… 第四句：Finally,…

第三段只寫四句：

第一句：How to solve the problem has become a hot issue among many people.第二句：For one thing, … 第三句：For another, …

第四句：Only in this way can we successfully solve the problem.書信作文

第一段只寫兩句：

第一句：I am writing this letter today to … 第二句：My name is … and I am … 第二段按照題目要求寫： 第三段只寫三句：

第一句：I sincerely hope you can take my letter seriously.第二句：Your prompt response will be highly appreciated.第三句：Thanks a lot for your time and consideration.諺語作文

第一段只寫三句：

第一句：A famous saying goes that “諺語”（引號必須保留）.第二句：Simple as the saying is, its meaning is profound and thought-provoking.第三句：It means +諺語的含義.第二段舉例寫：

第一句：Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb.第二句：Let’s take … for instance.第三句：議論

第四句：Another illustration of this is… 第五句：議論

第三段三句： 第一句：Bringing what has been discussed into a conclusion, we may say that+諺語.第二句：自己對諺語的認識

第三句：In a word, we should truly understand the profound meaning of the proverb and take the right actions in our life and work in the future.連詞：

分述理由一二三點：

Firstly,…Secondly,…Thirdly,…

For one thing,…For another,…Finally,…

In the first place,…In the second place,…Finally,… On one hand,…On the other hand,… First of all,…In addition,…Consequently，To begin with,… what’s more, …last but not the least,…… For one thing, ….For another, ….表達本人觀點：

in my eyes;I firmly think;personally, I think； As far as I am concerned；according to me，總結：

in a word… in conclusion… to sum up …

It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on…

Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that…

作文常用詞匯 1.校園生活類：

1）大學學習類：

application form 申請表

assignment 作業(yè)

instructor輔導老師

assessment（對學生的學習情況）評估

course arrangement 課程安排

credit 學分

dean 導師

enrolmentregister for 注冊

oral examination 口試

graduate school 研究生院

letter of recommendation 推薦信

participation 出勤

postgraduate 研究生

president 校長

required coursecompulsory course 必修課

optional course 選修課

scoremark 分數

school of Arts and Sciences 文理學院

take an examinationsit an examination 參加考試

undergraduate 本科生 2）大學生活類

cafeteria 自助小餐廳

call slip 索書單

campus 校園

club 學生俱樂部

current account 現金帳戶

current issues 本期刊物

back issues 過期刊物

catalogue 目錄

deposit money in a bank 存錢

dining hall 食堂

dormitory 宿舍

lecture hall 階梯教室

library card 借書卡

overdue and pay a fine 過期罰款

renew（借書）續(xù)借

shopping mallcentre 購物中心

society 學生社團

student union 學生會

withdrawdraw cash 取錢 2.交通旅游類

1)交通規(guī)則類

crash 撞車

amber light 黃燈

cross road 十字路

drive without license 無證駕駛

excessive speed 超速

green light 綠燈

traffic jam 交通擁擠

narrow road 窄路

red light 紅燈

parking place 停車場

speed limit 速度限制

traffic light 紅綠燈

traffic police 交通警察

traffic regulation 交通規(guī)則

zebra stripes 斑馬線 2)旅游類詞匯

check-in 登記入住

check-out 結帳離開(退房)

holiday resort 度假區(qū)

one-way ticket 單程機票

place of sightseeing 游覽勝地

room service 客房服務

round-trip ticket 來回機票

sightseeing tour 觀光旅游

star-rated hotel 星級飯店

tour group 旅游團隊

tour guide 導游

travel service 旅行社

vacation tour 度假旅游

tourist attraction 旅游勝地

3.社會熱點類

bid for the Olympic Games 申辦奧運會

birth control 計劃生育

brain drain 人才外流

bubble economy 泡沫經濟

care for senior citizens 關心老年人

comprehensive national power 綜合國力

compulsory education 義務教育

computer crime 電腦犯罪

divorce 離婚

dropout student 失學兒童

economic globalizationeconomic integration 經濟全球化

education for all-round development 素質教育

exam-oriented education 應試教育

intellectual property rights 知識產權

juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪

knowledge-based economy 知識經濟

laid-off worker 下崗職工

migrant worker 民工

net friend 網友

net citizen 網民

off line 下線

online love affair 網戀

people orientedpeople foremost 以人為本

pioneering spirit 首創(chuàng)精神

preserve the ecological environment 保護生態(tài)環(huán)境

prime time 黃金時段

puppy love 早戀

rate of unemployment 失業(yè)率

rural population 鄉(xiāng)村人口

self-protection awareness 自我保護意識

self-service ticketing 無人售票

shopping online 網上購物

single parent family 單親家庭

surf the Internet 網上沖浪

sustainable development 可持續(xù)發(fā)展

team spirit 團隊精神

reduce study load 學生減負

university students’ innovative undertaking 大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)

virtual net 虛擬網絡

win-win situation 雙贏局面

chain debts 三角債

assistant president 總裁助理

eliminate illiteracy 掃盲

excusive agency 專賣店

New Human Being 新新人類

online trading platform 網上交易平臺

cost of livingincome maintenance 生活費用

advance with times 與時俱進

A well-paid job 待遇豐厚的工作

翻譯： 節(jié)日篇

元旦New Year's Day

情人節(jié)Valentine's Day

國際婦女節(jié)International Women' Day

植樹節(jié)Tree Planting Day

愚人節(jié)April Fools' Day

國際勞動日International Labor Day

中國青年節(jié) Chinese Youth Day

國際兒童節(jié)International Children's Day

中國共產黨成立紀念日 Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China

中國人民解放軍建軍節(jié)Army Day

中華人民共和國國慶節(jié)National Day

中國教師節(jié)Teacher's Day

萬圣節(jié)Halloween

母親節(jié)Mother's Day

農歷正月初一春節(jié)(the Spring Festival)

農歷正月十五元宵節(jié)(Lantern Festival)

農歷五月初五端午節(jié)(the Dragon-Boat Festival)

農歷七月初七乞巧節(jié)(中國情人節(jié)）(Double-Seventh Day)

農歷八月十五中秋節(jié)(the Mid-Autumn Festival)

農歷九月初九重陽節(jié)(the Double Ninth Festival)

農歷臘月初八臘八節(jié)(the laba Rice Porridge Festival)

春聯 Spring Festival couplets

年畫 New Year pictures

剪紙paper-cuts

除夕 the eve of the lunar New Year

守歲 stay up late on the New Year’s Eve

放爆竹 let off firecrackers

拜年 pay a New Year visit

團圓飯 family reunion dinner

敬酒 propose a toast

紅包 red packets(cash wrapped up in red paper)

舞獅 lion dance

舞龍 dragon dance

燈籠 lantern

燈謎 riddles written on lanterns

燈會 exhibit of lanterns

禁忌 taboo

壓歲錢 gift money;money given to children as a lunar new year gift

祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors

元宵 rice dumpling

踩高蹺 stilt walking

扭秧歌 yangge dance

掃墓 sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones

賽龍舟 dragon-boat racing

粽子zongzi(sticky rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves)

月餅 moon cake

賞月 appreciate the glorious full moon

賞菊 admire the beauty of chrysanthemum

登高 climb mountain

社會篇

小康社會 a well-to-do society

人民生活 people’s livelihood

生活水平living standards

生活質量 quality of life

住房條件 housing conditions

文化程度 educational level

就業(yè)率 employment rate

人均收入 average income per capita

年平均工資 average annual pay

獎金 bonus

生活費用 cost of living

消費價格指數 consumer price index

環(huán)境污染指數 environment pollution index

衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling

購買力 purchasing power

貧困家庭 the needy family

貧困地區(qū) poverty-stricken region

下崗 be laid off

小康 relative affluence

安居樂業(yè) live a good life

共同富裕 shared prosperity

社會保險 social insurance

助學金 grant-in-aid

賑災救濟金 disaster relief funds

人口 population

人口分布 population distribution

流動人口 transient population

城市人口 urban population

農業(yè)人口 agriculture population

出生率 birth rate

自然增長率 natural growth rate

負增長率 negative growth rate

普查 census

戶口冊 household register

計劃生育 family planning/planned parenthood

優(yōu)生優(yōu)育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care

自治區(qū) autonomous region

民族 ethnic groups

少數民族 ethnic minorities/ minority peoples

中國共產黨 Communist Party of China

歷史地理篇

孔子 Confucius

孟子 Mencius

老子 Lao Zi

儒學 Confucian School

論語 Analects of Confucius

發(fā)明紙和瓷器 invented paper and porcelain

發(fā)明火藥 invention of gunpowder

發(fā)明印刷術 block printing was invented

科舉制 Imperial Examination for recruiting civil servants

絲綢之路 Silk Route

長征 Long March

解放戰(zhàn)爭 War of Liberation

改革開放 reform and opening up

黃河 Yellow River

長江 Yangtze River

珠江 Pearl River

太湖 Lake Tai

鄱陽湖 Lake Poyang

洞庭湖 Lake Dongting

青藏高原 Tibet Plateau

東北平原 Northeast China Plain

華北平原 North China Plain

長江中下游平原 Plain of Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River

南沙群島 Nansha Island

經濟篇

宏觀經濟 macro economy

社會主義市場經濟 socialist market economy

知識經濟 knowledge economy

網絡經濟 Internet-based economy

經濟規(guī)律 law of economy

大規(guī)模生產 mass production

生產力 productive forces

生產關系 relations of production

公有制 public ownership

私有制 private ownership

國有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises(SOEs)

私營企業(yè) private business

民營企業(yè) privately-run business

中小企業(yè) small and medium enterprises(SMEs)

連鎖企業(yè) franchise / chain business

國民生產總值 Gross National Product(GNP)

國內生產總值 Gross Domestic Product(GDP)

實際增長率 growth rate in real terms

年均增長率 average growth rate per annum

可持續(xù)增長 sustainable growth

經濟效益 economic returns

投資回報率 rate of return on investment

衰退 recession

宏觀調控 macro control

提高經濟效益 enhance economic performance

扭虧為盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one

優(yōu)化經濟結構 optimize economic structure

擴大內需 expand domestic demand

國計民生 national interest and people’s livelihood

經濟特區(qū) special economic zones

“十二五規(guī)劃“ the 12th Five-Year Plan for National and Economic and Social Development

風險投資 venture investment 經濟繁榮 economic boom 發(fā)達國家 developed countries 不發(fā)達國家 underdeveloped countries 發(fā)展中國家 developing countries 經濟交流 economic exchange 跨國公司 multinational corporation 利用外資 utilization of foreign capital 知識產權 intellectual property rights 版權 copyright 專利patent 商標 trademark 互通有無 mutual exchange of needed products 法治 rule of law平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 電子商務 e-business 信用卡 credit card 信息時代 information age 科教興國 rejuvenate the country through science and education 研究開發(fā) research and development 高新技術 innovative and high technology 創(chuàng)新 innovation 尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology 普及率 popularizing rate 交通篇

航班號 flight number

頭等艙 first class

商務艙 business class

經濟艙 economy class

登機牌 boarding card

口岸 customs port

客船 passenger liner

慢車 stopping train

普快 express

直快 through express

直達列車 through train

特快 special express

高速火車 high-speed train

臥鋪車廂 sleeping coach

中鋪 middle berth

下鋪 lower berth

出發(fā)站 departure station

中轉站 transfer station

終點站 terminus 到達站 destination 站臺 platform 地鐵 subway 加速 speed up 減速 slow down 超車 overtaking 倒車 backing 剎車 brake 高速公路 highway 十字路 crossroads 酒后駕駛 driving under the influence of alcohol 疲勞駕駛 fatigue driving 教育篇

素質教育 education for all-round development

應試教育 exam-oriented education system

義務教育 compulsory education

初等教育 elementary education

中等教育 secondary education

高等教育 higher education

職業(yè)教育 vocational education

學院 college/institute/school

普通高校 regular institution of higher learning

重點大學 key university

211工程 211Project

減輕學生負擔 reduce burden for students

基礎課 basic course

專業(yè)課 course within one’s major

必修課 required course

選修課 elective course

學分制 credit system

入學考試 entrance examination

入學資格 admission qualification

擇優(yōu)錄取 merit-based enrollment

中考 middle examination

高考 higher examination

報名 application/sign up

畢業(yè)設計 diploma-winning design/ graduation project

畢業(yè)論文 graduation thesis

畢業(yè)證書 graduation certificate

同學 schoolmate/classmate

校友 alumni 文化篇

京劇 Peking opera

昆曲 Kunqu oper

中國畫 traditional Chinese painting

人物 portrait

山水 landscape

花鳥 flower and bird

草蟲 grass and insect

潑墨 paint-splashing style

寫意 impressionistic style

工筆 elaborate style

毛筆 writing brush

書法 calligraphic art

書法家 calligraphic artist

楷體 formal script/regular script

行書 running script

宋體 Song-dynasty script

工藝品 handwork/handicrafts

手工藝品 articles of handcraft art

文物 cultural relics/antiques

國寶 national treasure

人民大會堂 Great Hall of the People

故宮博物館 Imperial Palace Museum

長城 Great Wall

外灘 the Bund

華山 Huashan Mountain

黃山 Yellow Mountain

滇池 Dianchi Lake

洱海 Erhai lake

孔廟 Temple of Confucius

故居 Former Residence

廬山 Lushan Mountain

少林寺 Shaolin Temple

長江三峽 Three Gorges along the Changjiang

黃果樹瀑布 Huangguoshu Waterfalls

敦煌莫高窟 Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

大興安嶺 Greater Xing’an Mountains

小興安嶺 Lesser Xing’an Mountains

天池 Heaven’s Pool

布達拉宮 Potala Palace

日月潭 Lake Sun Moon

發(fā)源地 the birthplace

煮 poach/boiled

蒸 steamed

火鍋 chafing dish 煲；燉；燜 stewed 煎 pan-fried 炒 stir-fried 炸 deep-fried 烘 baked 熏 smoked 泡辣菜 pickled hot vegetables 北京烤鴨 roast Beijing duck 炒飯 stir-fried rice 油條 deep fried twisted dough stick 餃子 jiaozi 湯圓 tangyuan 餛飩 hundun 燒麥 shaomai 月餅 moon cake 燒餅 sesame seed cake 小籠包 steamed dumpling with pork 紅茶 black tea 綠茶 green tea 花茶 jasmine tea 茶道 sado/ tea ceremony 功夫茶 Gongfu tea 陳酒 old wine/aged wine 燒酒 arrack

第五篇：六級寫作總結

寫作總結

基本知識

復習過程中注意事項:

1.對范文中的劃線句子要有正確的認識。

2.一定要練習，至少十篇。

寫作模擬題與范文——1、4、6、9、13、14、15

補充講義——7、8、9

10.Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards

練習方式：

1.對照

2.對譯(對照翻譯)

3.造句

4.連篇(連詞成篇)

5.仿寫

6.寫摘要

5．（2006年12月老六級真題）

Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Celebration of Western Festivals.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1.現在國內有不少人喜歡過西方的某些節(jié)日

2.產生這種現象的原因

3.這種現象可能帶來的影響

The Celebration of Western Festivals

No one can have failed to notice the fact that an increasing number of Chinese are fond of celebrating some Western festivals today.For instance, on Valentine's Day, many people give flowers or chocolate to the one they love.Another case in point is Christmas.It seems that people around the country now love to celebrate the festival.A number of factors account for the phenomenon mentioned above, but the following might be the critical ones.In the first place, due to the policy of reform and opening-up, Chinese people tend to know more about Western culture and be influenced by it.Secondly, some businessmen wish to make money by encouraging people to celebrate those Western festivals.Last but not least, as traditional Chinese festival lose their attraction, many people tend to find joy in Western festivals.Though we need not criticize people celebrating Western festivals, nor can we stop them, we have to beware of the danger behind it.While enjoying the atmosphere brought by those Western customs, we might well lose our own tradition and identity.其他容易犯的錯誤

五種尤其容易犯的錯誤:

1、時態(tài)錯誤

2、單復數錯誤

3、代詞錯誤

4、冠詞錯誤

5、詞性錯誤

一、語法錯誤

（一）句子結構錯誤

1.主從句疊置

1)There are more and more students like to use the computer.more and more可換為 an increasing number of

like 改為 liking / like 前加 who / there are 去掉

2)There are still many problems should be noted and resolved.2．簡單句疊置

I like chatting on line very much, I go to the net bar almost every weekend.逗號后面加 and/so

If/Since/Now that winter has come, will spring be far behind.逗號改為句號或分號

六、標點符號用法講練

四、標點符號及大小寫錯誤

4)My favorite sports are swimming、jogging、mountaineering andplaying table tennis.5)The best English film in my eyes is《Forrest Gump》.用引號表示一部作品

3．從句疊置

As is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life.4． 句子成分缺失

If work hard, we will surely be successful.work 前面加主語 we/work 改為 working

5． 語序錯誤

1)Why college students spend more and more time on the computer?

why 后面加助動詞 do

more and more改為 an increasing amount of

2)I often wonder where have they got their money.What makes you think so?

注意英漢