第一篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)改錯(cuò)解題步驟及其口訣

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改錯(cuò)是近幾年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)一種較為固定的考查形式，也是一些考生得分較低、區(qū)分度較高的一種題型。對(duì)于英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)扎實(shí)、成績(jī)優(yōu)秀的考生來(lái)講，解答此題型可能比較得心應(yīng)手，而對(duì)于英語(yǔ)成績(jī)一般的考生，此題型又可能會(huì)使他們望而生畏。在今天很多大學(xué)生都希望拿到六級(jí)證書(shū)以便在今后找工作中更有利，因此考生對(duì)此題型也比較重視。下面對(duì)短文改錯(cuò)的一些命題特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要分析：

一、短文改錯(cuò)文章選題特點(diǎn)

改錯(cuò)題題型反映了綜合型考試由客觀題型主導(dǎo)向主觀題型主導(dǎo)的必然轉(zhuǎn)換。眾所周知，選擇題的運(yùn)氣成分約為25%，判斷題的運(yùn)氣成分約占50%，而主觀題是沒(méi)有多少運(yùn)氣成分的，除非考生考前正好復(fù)習(xí)了這個(gè)題或準(zhǔn)備了這個(gè)作文。這種情況的概率不會(huì)超過(guò)考生人數(shù)的5%。改錯(cuò)題是語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的集中表現(xiàn)，往往不會(huì)被押題人命中。該題型既考查詞匯、語(yǔ)法、語(yǔ)義，也考查學(xué)生的邏輯判斷能力。

通過(guò)觀察近幾年短文改錯(cuò)的選材特點(diǎn)看，材料內(nèi)容貼近考生的實(shí)際生活，談?wù)摰亩际歉鷮W(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和生活有關(guān)的話(huà)題，多以書(shū)信和日記的形式出現(xiàn)，文字淺顯易懂，材料中沒(méi)有生僻、超綱的詞匯，句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，基本上是簡(jiǎn)單句和并不復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句。

二、命題特點(diǎn)

為了提高考生的判別效率，該題明示了每個(gè)錯(cuò)誤出現(xiàn)的地方(某一句話(huà))，這樣在十多個(gè)單詞中考生比較容易找出錯(cuò)誤。近幾年的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試的改錯(cuò)范圍包括:換一個(gè)正確或適當(dāng)詞，增加一個(gè)適當(dāng)詞，刪去一個(gè)多余詞。換詞時(shí)先劃掉句中的錯(cuò)誤詞，再把正確詞填在句子后的留空處。加詞時(shí)考生在應(yīng)添加處用∧符號(hào)表明，并將應(yīng)添加的詞列于句子后的留空處。該句子如有多余詞要把它刪去，答題方式是先在原句中劃掉多余詞，再把刪字符(/)寫(xiě)在句子后的留空處。

考查的重點(diǎn)主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：1.名詞的使用錯(cuò)誤； 2.冠詞的使用錯(cuò)誤；3.時(shí)態(tài)的誤用；4.形容詞、副詞及其比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的誤用；5.介詞的誤用；6.代詞的誤用；7.詞語(yǔ)搭配錯(cuò)誤；8.詞性使用錯(cuò)誤。

三、解題步驟

1、瀏覽全文，掌握大意

要求考生把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。有時(shí)孤立地分析某個(gè)句子，其結(jié)構(gòu)正確、語(yǔ)意通順，但如聯(lián)系上下文，便會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)該句中有不合邏輯的地方。閱讀時(shí)，如有較明顯的錯(cuò)誤，可隨手改正。

2、分句閱讀，逐行找錯(cuò)

在讀懂文章之后，要逐句分開(kāi)。分析在詞法、句法、行文邏輯等方面是否有錯(cuò)。要做到逐行分析，不可遺漏，句與句之間要注意連詞的使用。短文改錯(cuò)口訣：

短文改錯(cuò)要做好，常見(jiàn)類(lèi)型應(yīng)記牢。

名詞愛(ài)考“數(shù)”與“格”，冠詞在前“錯(cuò)”、“多”、“少”。

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，非謂搭配莫錯(cuò)了。

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連、代、形、副錯(cuò)一樣，多是故意來(lái)混淆。

介詞多半考搭配，多、漏、誤用想周到。

句法涉及到“一致”，從句多考關(guān)系詞。

詞法句法均未錯(cuò)，邏輯推理去尋找。

3、由易到難，各個(gè)擊破

糾錯(cuò)要從最簡(jiǎn)單、最熟悉的項(xiàng)目入手, 先從語(yǔ)法的角度入手, 再?gòu)倪壿嫹矫婵紤], 最后推敲難題。

4、檢查核對(duì)，注意方法

再瀏覽改后的全文，看全篇是否語(yǔ)意通順，注意無(wú)錯(cuò)行一般是一行。要按照絕對(duì)規(guī)范的要求去答題。

四、短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)方面

1、注意整篇文章的語(yǔ)態(tài)與時(shí)態(tài)前后是否一致。

2、名詞的數(shù)與格，名詞前該不該用冠詞，用什么冠詞。

3、習(xí)語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)搭配是否完整，有無(wú)缺少或多了介詞、副詞的現(xiàn)象。

4、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（不定式、分詞、動(dòng)名詞）的運(yùn)用是否正確。

5、連詞與關(guān)系代（副）詞的用法是否貼切。名詞性從句、定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句等的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法。

6、代詞的用法與結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞以及it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)等的用法。

7、形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)是否混用

“成千上萬(wàn)人瘋狂下載。。。

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第二篇：改錯(cuò)口訣

為了提高做短文改錯(cuò)題的能力，除了要加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的積累、提高語(yǔ)篇的整體理解能力之外，還應(yīng)該對(duì)其錯(cuò)項(xiàng)設(shè)置的基本情況有所了解，以便做到目標(biāo)明確，有的放矢，從而提高解題的正確率。本文擬從語(yǔ)法和邏輯的角度，用口訣的形式，向同學(xué)們介紹高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)中最常見(jiàn)的幾類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤。

短文改錯(cuò)口訣：

動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)；

注意形和副；

非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別；

習(xí)慣用法要記住；

句子成分多分析；

邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注。

一、動(dòng)詞形

主要包括兩類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。例如：

My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.（is）

Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.（are）

上述兩例分別屬于時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤和主、謂不一致錯(cuò)誤。找出此類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵是樹(shù)立牢固的時(shí)態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間，保持時(shí)間概念的一致性。

二、名詞數(shù)

指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯(cuò)誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫(xiě)成單數(shù)。例如：

?so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subjects）

三、區(qū)分形和副

及區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯(cuò)的?？键c(diǎn)。例如：

I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.（wonderful）

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.（Unfortunately）

需要注意的是，形容詞多用來(lái)做定、表、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語(yǔ)修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子。

四、非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別

這是考查最多的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動(dòng)名詞類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤，也包括不定式類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤。例如：

?in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.（interested）

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also ?（playing）

My parents love me? and will do all they can ∧ make sure?（to）

上述二、三例分別是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，和不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義，而過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)態(tài)和完成時(shí)的含義，不定式有將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的含義。

五、習(xí)慣用法要記住

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。這也是歷年高考的?？键c(diǎn)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。例如：

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and?（of）

We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.（of）

六、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類(lèi)；不同的語(yǔ)景要選擇不同的詞語(yǔ)。這些都有待我們對(duì)句

子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。例如：

They ∧eager to know everything about China and?（were）

I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.（which）

第一例漏掉了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were，這是受寒于習(xí)慣的影響而導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)誤；第二例則是詞類(lèi)與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作主語(yǔ)。

七、邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤。如稱(chēng)謂上的張冠李戴，人名、地名、時(shí)間、方位等方面的錯(cuò)誤，常是這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤的考查對(duì)象。例如：

The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.（their）

First, let me tell you something more about myself.（去掉more）

? no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.（everyone）

上述第一例中的主語(yǔ)是Smiths（史密斯夫婦倆），因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思，才開(kāi)始告訴別人，怎么能說(shuō)“再告訴你一些事”？第三例講的是為了解決看電視時(shí)的爭(zhēng)端，“我們”把電視機(jī)賣(mài)了；晚上沒(méi)電視看了，所以與從前一樣，大家又都讀書(shū)了，所以該用 everyone。

除了上述錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型外，常考的錯(cuò)誤形式還有：連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯(cuò)誤（可以歸類(lèi)為邏輯錯(cuò)誤），以及冠詞的用法錯(cuò)誤等。例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.（and）

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.（or）

We may be one family and live under a same roof.（the）

下面是2002年全國(guó)高考試題中的短文改錯(cuò)題。這道題較全面地反映了本文的口訣。現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你試著做一做，然后參閱題后的答案與簡(jiǎn)析。

Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei

Mountain in Sichuan.As everyone knows，it’s famous 76._____

Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.The weather 77._____

Was fine.It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78._____

the mountain，the three of them were very excited.As we 79._____

climbed the mountain，we ed monkeys，visiting temples 80._____

and told stories.On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____

since the scenery was so beautiful.The time passes quickly.82._____

Evening came down.We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83._____

of the mountain.The food was expensive and the service was 84._____

good.I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85._____

head touched the pillow.答案與簡(jiǎn)析：

76.famous前加上a.（名詞數(shù)）

77.正確

78.we前面加when，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。（句子成分多分析）

79.them→us（邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注）

80.visiting→visited（非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別）

81.picture→pictures（名詞數(shù)）

82.passes→passed（動(dòng)詞形）

83.去掉down（習(xí)慣用法要記?。?/p>

84.and→but（but，and，or和so）

85.去掉at（句子成分多分析 /習(xí)慣用法要記住）

改錯(cuò)要想拿高分

語(yǔ)法口訣要記牢

（一）見(jiàn)到謂語(yǔ)找主語(yǔ)，主謂一致找狀語(yǔ)

見(jiàn)到名詞想多數(shù)，可不可數(shù)要記牢

見(jiàn)到平行看結(jié)構(gòu)，形式功能要對(duì)稱(chēng)

見(jiàn)到代詞找指代，指代通常不合理

帶賓語(yǔ)必帶to，不帶賓語(yǔ)不帶 to

小小of常抓的點(diǎn)，of前名詞adj最高級(jí)

比較級(jí)不修飾比較級(jí),最高級(jí)不修飾最高級(jí)

（二）謂與非謂經(jīng)?；?/p>

謂語(yǔ)句中就一個(gè)

其余動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)

常見(jiàn)形式有三種

v-ing ,v-ed和to do

主謂通常v-ing

動(dòng)賓通常v-ed

現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)

過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)

目的要用不定式

by前有過(guò)去分詞相擁

by后有動(dòng)名詞后抱

介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞

時(shí)態(tài)基點(diǎn)要搞清

現(xiàn)在還是過(guò)去時(shí)

第三篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧解讀

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧

新六級(jí)考試“改錯(cuò)的目的是測(cè)試學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力”。改錯(cuò)中的很多錯(cuò)誤其實(shí)就是很多學(xué)生在平時(shí)寫(xiě)作時(shí)經(jīng)常犯的錯(cuò)誤。短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)考生的要求較高，是對(duì)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力的考查。改錯(cuò)形式：

1、錯(cuò)詞（words mistaken）。在標(biāo)有題號(hào)的一行中有一詞在詞法、搭配或詞義等方面有錯(cuò)誤，要求考生找出錯(cuò)誤并換上正確的詞（change a

word），這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤在所有錯(cuò)誤中占絕大多數(shù)。

2、缺詞（words missing）。在標(biāo)有題號(hào)的一行的任何位置缺了一詞，要求考生按語(yǔ)法、搭配或上下文語(yǔ)義的需要找出缺詞的位置并補(bǔ)上所缺的詞（insert a word）。

3、多詞（words redundant）。在標(biāo)有題號(hào)的一行中有一詞按語(yǔ)法、搭配或上下文語(yǔ)義要求純屬多余，要求考生認(rèn)定該多余的詞并劃去（cross out a word）。做題步驟：

一、先通讀全文

認(rèn)真閱讀短文，在做題之前確保已經(jīng)弄清原文大意。根據(jù)短文大意和上下文邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行逐字逐句的分析，檢查句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，語(yǔ)氣是否連貫，啟承轉(zhuǎn)合是否符合文意等。

二、綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)

根據(jù)各行不同的錯(cuò)誤情況分別進(jìn)行答題(即改詞、加詞或減詞)。

三、驗(yàn)證答案

改完后，要回過(guò)頭來(lái)重讀一遍全文，查看改過(guò)后是否能使語(yǔ)氣通順，時(shí)態(tài)一致，合乎邏輯。再次通讀可以在初改時(shí)感覺(jué)不順的地方集中精力，仔細(xì)推敲，使答案更加準(zhǔn)確。因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)就一個(gè)句子來(lái)看可能在兩個(gè)地方修改都說(shuō)地過(guò)去，但在上下文中卻只能在一處修改。應(yīng)試技巧： 1.做改錯(cuò)題時(shí)應(yīng)先用快讀的方法通讀全文，對(duì)文章有個(gè)大致的了解。細(xì)讀出現(xiàn) 10 個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的所在行，看有沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和詞匯錯(cuò)誤。如果通過(guò)細(xì)讀確認(rèn)沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和詞匯錯(cuò)誤，那就把細(xì)讀擴(kuò)大到該行上下各二、三行，有時(shí)甚至要聯(lián)系該行所在的自然段，這時(shí)的重點(diǎn)必須轉(zhuǎn)移到對(duì)文章的理解上來(lái)，從上下文的關(guān)系找出連接關(guān)系和邏輯關(guān)系的前后矛盾的錯(cuò)誤。4.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一份標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的改錯(cuò)題，從改錯(cuò)的三種方式來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該是以改換原詞為主，約占 60% ～ 70%，以去掉原文的詞和加詞為輔，約占 30% ～ 40%;從三種錯(cuò)誤所占比例來(lái)看，語(yǔ)法和詞匯為 7 ～ 8 個(gè)，而上下文邏輯錯(cuò)誤為 2 ～ 3 個(gè)。錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型：

1、名詞錯(cuò)誤

最近比較經(jīng)?？疾槊~的錯(cuò)誤的是關(guān)于名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題和可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。如樣題中63題將percents改為percent, 68題中將woman改為women。

2、冠詞錯(cuò)誤

對(duì)于冠詞的考查，主要是單數(shù)名詞前面一定要有一個(gè)冠詞來(lái)修飾。定冠詞the的多余 或缺失，如季節(jié)，月份，星期，球類(lèi)及三餐活動(dòng)，稱(chēng)呼頭銜前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的詞卻漏稅掉了the, a, an的混用。

注意，判斷一個(gè)詞的前面加a還是an不是看其首字母是不是元音字母，而是看首字母的發(fā)音是不是元音，如an hour, an honest boy ,其首字母不是元音字母，但其發(fā)音卻是以元音素開(kāi)始，故用an，而a useful book, a university, a European, a one-hour trip，雖然以元音字母開(kāi)始，但卻讀作輔音音素的音，故用a。

3、數(shù)詞錯(cuò)誤

主要是序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞的混用和錯(cuò)用，如分?jǐn)?shù)的分子大于一時(shí)分母沒(méi)有用復(fù)數(shù)等，基數(shù)基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式如幾百hundreds of，幾千thousands of漏掉了s,或是當(dāng)其前有具體數(shù)字或several時(shí)加了復(fù)數(shù)，如seven hundred,寫(xiě)作seven hundreds.4、指代錯(cuò)誤

主要是代詞的格與數(shù)的錯(cuò)用。如男性用了女性代詞，單數(shù)用了復(fù)數(shù)代詞或相反；應(yīng)當(dāng)用形容詞性的物主代詞用了賓格，主格或相反，關(guān)系代詞的錯(cuò)用。如只能用that引導(dǎo)的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方卻用了that，或是在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中漏掉了介詞等。

在文章當(dāng)中如果說(shuō)出現(xiàn)了代詞，那么代詞所指代的對(duì)象在前文中一定是出現(xiàn)過(guò)的，否則就會(huì)出現(xiàn)指代不清，所以出現(xiàn)代詞時(shí)候，我們要注意它所指代的對(duì)象的單復(fù)數(shù)是否與代詞一致。如樣題中62題將it改成they，因?yàn)樗复氖乔懊娴膹?fù)數(shù)名詞papers。

5、介詞錯(cuò)誤

這是改錯(cuò)中最常見(jiàn)的一種錯(cuò)誤，主要是介詞的多余或缺失，錯(cuò)用。當(dāng)然這也包括一些用法搭配上的錯(cuò)誤，這種錯(cuò)誤在歷年的考試當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的頻率非常高。

如樣題中69題將from改成in,因?yàn)閞esult from意思是“發(fā)生”，前果后因，而result in是“導(dǎo)致”的意思，前因后果。做對(duì)這類(lèi)題目最重要的是平常的積累，尤其是一些動(dòng)詞詞組的搭配，雖然在詞匯部分出現(xiàn)的已經(jīng)很少了，但有可能在改錯(cuò)題中出現(xiàn)，當(dāng)然這占的比重并不是很大，所以大家平常在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中適當(dāng)注意即可。

6、動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤

時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，常出現(xiàn)在總體時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去或現(xiàn)在時(shí)中間雜有另一時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象；或是及物動(dòng)詞后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，或是不及物動(dòng)詞后加了賓語(yǔ)；接從句需要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的沒(méi)有用，需要接ing形式的接了to, 或相反等。如00年6月真題的76題考查的就是時(shí)態(tài)，綜觀短文，全部用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，因而前后應(yīng)該一致。

7、主謂不一致

產(chǎn)生這種錯(cuò)誤的主要原因是沒(méi)有找對(duì)句子的主語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)追求形式上的完美，所以有時(shí)候句子的結(jié)構(gòu)非常復(fù)雜，這也是為什么我們一直強(qiáng)調(diào)難句分析在英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)中的重要性。句子的結(jié)構(gòu)一般是“主謂賓”或“主系表”，正確地找出各個(gè)句子成分對(duì)于閱讀也

是非常有幫助的。如第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)漏掉s，或主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了單數(shù)；再就是就近原則對(duì)主語(yǔ)的影響。

8、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三類(lèi)：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。其中分詞又分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞，其特點(diǎn)是：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞可以做很多句子成分，但就是不能單獨(dú)做謂語(yǔ)，這也是它們被稱(chēng)為“非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”的原因。這也是在四六級(jí)考試改錯(cuò)中常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。

9、形容詞與副詞錯(cuò)誤

這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤一般是形容詞與副詞的誤用，形容詞一般用來(lái)修飾名詞，而副詞可以修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞，往往出題者就會(huì)把該用副詞的地方誤用為形容詞。

10、連接詞誤用

連接詞的錯(cuò)誤雖然是屬于傳統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)法題范疇，但其用法主要根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)義上的邏輯關(guān)系，也就是上下文的理解。連接詞有很多種，有并列連詞，如and, but, or等，主從連詞，如because, if, after等，以及其他連接介詞和副詞，如however, despite等。如需轉(zhuǎn)折連詞(如but)的時(shí)候用了承接連詞(so)，或相反。曾經(jīng)考查過(guò)的題目有00年6月的73題，將as改為than，這

考查的是比較連詞的搭配，根據(jù)上一行中之more即可確定改as為than。

11、關(guān)系詞的誤用

這一類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤主要是針對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的，讀者可以找一本語(yǔ)法書(shū)對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句做個(gè)回顧復(fù)習(xí)。這幾年考題中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有00年1月六級(jí)真題的79題中在定語(yǔ)從句中多了一個(gè)they，應(yīng)該劃去。

12、反義詞誤用

這是短文改錯(cuò)中出現(xiàn)頻率較高也是比較有特色的一種錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型，這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤必須在透徹理解上下文語(yǔ)義的基礎(chǔ)上才能發(fā)現(xiàn)并改正。比較常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤有：

a、派生反義詞

如00年1月六級(jí)真題的72題將directly改為indirectly。這類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤通常是否定前綴的應(yīng)用。希望大家能對(duì)否定前綴重視起來(lái)。

b、其他反義詞

如樣題中65題將subjective(主觀的)改成objective(客觀的)，70題將majority(大多數(shù))改成minority(少數(shù))，這種反義詞的誤用比派生反義詞更要難些，一般需要透徹理解上下文才能完成。

13、并列結(jié)構(gòu)

像有or或and連接的一般是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，前后的形式一般來(lái)說(shuō)應(yīng)該是一樣的，如樣題中64題將maintain改成maintaining, 與and前的hiring相并列。

14、固定用法的錯(cuò)誤

樣題中71題將with改成as, as a result是一個(gè)固定搭配。改錯(cuò)的7大核心考點(diǎn)： 1.并列結(jié)構(gòu)

這主要是指由and或or連接的幾個(gè)并列成分在形式上必須保持一致.這一考點(diǎn)在歷年六級(jí)改錯(cuò)中出現(xiàn)頻率相當(dāng)高,同學(xué)們要給予相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?(1)At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief in(改成that,同位語(yǔ)從句)our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.(07年1月新六級(jí)改錯(cuò)

第6題)這里的writing顯然與think和analyze并列,因此應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,所以應(yīng)該改成write.(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect(去掉an,固定介詞搭配)，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第4題)這里的lazy應(yīng)該與stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此該用名詞形式laziness.(3)Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第7題)通過(guò)and將restrict和listing聯(lián)系起來(lái)表示并列關(guān)系,所以listing應(yīng)該用原形list.(4)How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh at you?(04年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第9題)這里的smiles和laugh肯定應(yīng)該用同樣的形式,而前面的a person又提示我們?cè)撌褂玫谌朔Q(chēng)單數(shù),所以將laugh改成laughs.(5)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,這里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第6題)同樣,這里的politics應(yīng)該改成political和economic, environmental并列。(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第9題)few應(yīng)該與more形成對(duì)應(yīng),所以應(yīng)改成比較級(jí)形式fewer.2.A--A型錯(cuò)誤

所謂A--A型錯(cuò)誤,就是指六級(jí)改錯(cuò)命題經(jīng)常將形容詞(adjective)與副詞

(adverb)混淆.這時(shí)我們的任務(wù)就是將文中的形容詞換成它的副詞形式,或?qū)⒏痹~換成形容詞：(1)Science should not only be “fun” in the same way as playing a video game, but “hard fun”----a deep feeling of connection made possibly only by imaginative engagement.(07年1月老六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第10題)我們都知道m(xù)ake sth.possible, possible做為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，那用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)就是sth be made possible,所以這里的possibly應(yīng)該改成possible.(2)Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第九題)顯然這里表示“相對(duì)地”意思,因此要將relative改成它的副詞形式relatively.注意:relative改成relatively不是第一次出現(xiàn)了，在04年1月的改錯(cuò)題中也出現(xiàn)過(guò)。(3)A good CV is your passport to an interview and, ultimate, to the job you want.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第二題)ultimate在兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間，肯定得用副詞形式ultimately.(4)She says efforts are continuing to complete end the disease.(05年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第三題)complete要改成副詞形式completely修飾動(dòng)詞end。(5)The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients freely for the last five years.(05年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第九題)可以看出這里freely想表示“免費(fèi)的”意思,所以應(yīng)該改成形容詞形式free.(5)Culture is essentially to our humanness.(0 4年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第8題)be essential to是一個(gè)固定搭配,表示“對(duì)...很重要”,所以essentially應(yīng)該換成形容詞essential.(6)Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-ent-day Somalia…(04年1月第三題)顯然應(yīng)該用副詞relatively來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞isolated,表示“相對(duì)隔絕的”。注意:A--A題錯(cuò)誤有一種變體題型A—N.所謂A—N題型, 就是指A(adjective)與N(noun)之間的混淆,舉例如下：(1)Now what started in schools across the country is playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-can public.(07年1月新六級(jí)第十題)“在國(guó)內(nèi)舞臺(tái)”應(yīng)該是on a national stage,在這里名詞nation要改成它的形容詞形式national。(2)Understanding the original of the negative attit-udes towards science may help us to modify them.(07年1月老六級(jí)第四題)表示“起源”顯然要用名詞形式origin,這里用形容詞original是錯(cuò)誤的。3.邏輯錯(cuò)誤 這種錯(cuò)誤一般得根據(jù)上下文判斷得出,分析這么多年六級(jí)改錯(cuò)的邏輯錯(cuò)誤,答案無(wú)一例外都是將文中某個(gè)用錯(cuò)的詞(很多情況下是一個(gè)形容詞)改成它的反義詞或添上一個(gè)否定詞,這里要求同學(xué)們掌握一些常用的否定詞綴,如in-,un-等等,因?yàn)橛械男稳菰~加上否定詞綴就變成了它的反義詞,舉例如下:(1)the leaders of our country are unconsciously sending the message that reading may be connected to desirable activities that…(07年1月新六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第七題)desirable>undesirable(2)The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.(07年1月老六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第八題)efficient> inefficient.本題中efficient和laborious與boring并列,根據(jù)并列成分意思一致原則,也可以推斷出這里的efficient應(yīng)該換成它的反義詞.(3)But in the Information Age, no one can get by with knowing

how to read well and understand increasingly complex material.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第十題)with>without.這里句子主語(yǔ)用了no one表示否定,而整個(gè)句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一個(gè)否定詞without與no one構(gòu)成雙重否定表示肯定。(4)Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented CV could mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第三題)acceptance>rejection(5)the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or history.(04年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第六題)unfamiliar>familiar(6)Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just around the corner.(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第四題)good>poor/bad(7)Get someone to check for spelling and grammatical errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every mistake.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第6題)根據(jù)上下文,這里應(yīng)該表示“不能挑出每個(gè)錯(cuò)誤”，所以在pick up之前要加上否定詞not.4.-ing型與-ed型改錯(cuò)題

此類(lèi)題一般是動(dòng)詞后面少了ing或ed,這種題經(jīng)常出現(xiàn),值得注意。-ing型改錯(cuò)題分兩種情況:(1)介詞后面或某些動(dòng)詞后面跟著的動(dòng)詞需要使用該動(dòng)詞的-ing形式(2)用一個(gè)逗號(hào)將一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)分開(kāi),該動(dòng)詞需要用-ing分詞形式,舉例如下：(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal government from demand library records….(07年1月新六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第三題)這里的demand應(yīng)該改成demanding,bar/stop/prevent sth from doing為固定搭配,介詞from后面的動(dòng)詞必須使用其-ing形式。(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school without master the printed page.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第1題)介詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞通常都要加-ing形式,所以這里的master應(yīng)該改成mastering.(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第4題)avoid后面跟動(dòng)詞要加-ing,所以end改成ending.(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12 months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月 六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第8題)一個(gè)逗號(hào)將depend on和其邏輯主語(yǔ)this modern treatment分開(kāi),因此depend要用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式depending.(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第一題)和上一題一樣,這里的include同樣得用分詞形式including.-ed型改錯(cuò):(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking in a professional setting…(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第九題)這里的one指代前文的photo,我們都知道照相用take a photo,所以這里的one和take應(yīng)該表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該用take的過(guò)去分詞taken做后置定語(yǔ)。(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第10題)表示“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”顯然要用過(guò)去分詞found out.注意:-ed型改錯(cuò)從本質(zhì)上說(shuō)就是要能發(fā)現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系,動(dòng)詞是施動(dòng)者,而其邏輯主語(yǔ)接收動(dòng)詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作.這和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)實(shí)際上是

一個(gè)道理,下面舉幾個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的題:(1)The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第2題)這個(gè)報(bào)告被發(fā)表,所以在report和released之間要加上was.(2)Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第6題)受到影響顯然要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以affecting要改成過(guò)去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改錯(cuò)命題專(zhuān)家比較偏愛(ài)的一個(gè)詞,在05年1月的改錯(cuò)中考查了effect與affect的區(qū)別,大家對(duì)這個(gè)詞要好好掌握。(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by leprosy.(05年1月六級(jí)第10題)這里的the countries作為邏輯主語(yǔ),與后面的動(dòng)詞threaten成被動(dòng)關(guān)

系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我們這里應(yīng)該在threate-ned的前面加上系動(dòng)詞are.5.單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤與主謂不一致錯(cuò)誤 這個(gè)考點(diǎn)在六級(jí)改錯(cuò)中出現(xiàn)的也很頻繁,同學(xué)們對(duì)這種錯(cuò)誤也比較熟悉,做題時(shí)一定得仔細(xì)觀察句子的主語(yǔ)：(1)Most education system neglect exploration, under-standing and reflection.(07年1月老六級(jí)第五題)句子的主語(yǔ)是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我們這里主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是個(gè)復(fù)數(shù),所以將system改成systems.(2)There is therefore a need for resources and methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-standing of science in an enjoyable way.(07年1月老六級(jí)第九題)這里facilitates前面跟的主語(yǔ)是resources and methods of teaching,主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),所以根據(jù)主謂一致原則,要把facilitates改成facilitate。(3)New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of frustration and failure.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第8題)表示“多年的沮喪與失敗”是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)的概念,因此要把year改成years.(4)physical object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.(04年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第三題)這里的主語(yǔ)是physical object，也就是后面的那么些東西,因?yàn)椴恢挂粯訓(xùn)|西,所以object得用復(fù)數(shù)形式objects.(5)There is no guarantee that plant breeders can cont-inue to develop new, higher-yielding crop…(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第10題)在形容詞前沒(méi)有不定冠詞,所以可以認(rèn)為這里的crop表示一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)概念,因此用crops.6.指代錯(cuò)誤與冠詞錯(cuò)誤 同單復(fù)數(shù)一樣,解指代錯(cuò)誤題也要關(guān)注指代的對(duì)象到底是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù):(1)During the 1980s’ culture wars, school systems across the country pulled some books from library shelves because its content was deemed by parents and teachers to be inappropriate.(07年1月新六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第9題)這里its指代前面的some books，所以物主代詞應(yīng)該是their而不是its.(2)As a result, children memorize processes such asmathematical formulas or the periodic table, only to forget it shortly afterwards.(07年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第7題)，容易發(fā)現(xiàn)it指代前面的processes，因?yàn)槭菑?fù)數(shù),所以該用復(fù)數(shù)的賓格them.(3)At same time(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第七題)地球人都知道的at the same time是固定短語(yǔ)。(4)in first paragraph(06年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第一題)序數(shù)詞前面要加the，這是初中的知識(shí)。(5)a number of leprosy cases around the world has

been cut by ninety percent during the past ten years.(05年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第一題)表示數(shù)量多少應(yīng)該用the number of(6)The fast-growing population’s demand for food,they warned, would soon exceed their supply…(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第二題)這里的their指代population，而人口是一個(gè)單數(shù)的概念,所以物主代詞要用its.7.介詞短語(yǔ)的考查 分析這幾年的改錯(cuò),這一考點(diǎn)幾乎成了每次考試必考的

知識(shí)點(diǎn),但這個(gè)得靠各位的基本功了,因?yàn)槭孪葻o(wú)法知道要考查哪個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ).不過(guò)看看這幾年考過(guò)的介詞短語(yǔ)搭配,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)都是一些最基本的,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)生僻的:in every region, owe…to, in detail, in effect, for the reason, cause damage to, deal with, for instance.除此之外,強(qiáng)調(diào)句，同位語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句，名詞性從句以及時(shí)態(tài)和一些連詞也常出現(xiàn)在六級(jí)的改錯(cuò)中。(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第4題)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,這里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六級(jí)改錯(cuò)第6題)1

第四篇：短文改錯(cuò)口訣（推薦）

短文改錯(cuò)口訣

動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)； 還要注意形和副； 非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別；習(xí)慣用法要記??； 句子成分多分析； 邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注。

一、動(dòng)詞形

主要包括兩類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。例如： My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.（is）

Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.（are）上述兩例分別屬于時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤和主、謂不一致錯(cuò)誤。找出此類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵是樹(shù)立牢固的時(shí)態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間，保持時(shí)間概念的一致性。

二、名詞數(shù)

指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯(cuò)誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫(xiě)成單數(shù)。例如： …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subjects）

三、區(qū)分形和副

及區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯(cuò)的常考點(diǎn)。例如：

I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.（wonderful）

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.（Unfortunately）需要注意的是，形容詞多用來(lái)做定、表、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語(yǔ)修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語(yǔ)修飾整個(gè)句子。

四、非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別

這是考查最多的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動(dòng)名詞類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤，也包括不定式類(lèi)錯(cuò)誤。例如：

…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.（interested）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also …（playing）

My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure…（to）上述二、三例分別是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，和不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義，而過(guò)去分詞具有被動(dòng)態(tài)和完成時(shí)的含義，不定式有將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的含義。

（1）A rising tide lifts all boats.水漲眾船高。（2）Time lost cannot be recalled.光陰一去不復(fù)返。（recall vt.召回恢復(fù)）（3）To stand still is to move back……

逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。（4）Saving is getting.節(jié)約而后有（節(jié)約就是獲得。）

（5）It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收（打翻牛奶，哭也沒(méi)用）（注：以上五句運(yùn)用了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。）

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。這也是歷年高考的?？键c(diǎn)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。例如：

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and…（of）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.（of）

六、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類(lèi)；不同的語(yǔ)景要選擇不同的詞語(yǔ)。這些都有待我們對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。例如： They ∧eager to know everything about China and…（were）I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.（which）

第一例漏掉了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were，這是受漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的影響而導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)誤；第二例則是詞類(lèi)與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)。

第五篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解題沖刺輔導(dǎo)(十二)

在線(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ) 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

洛基英語(yǔ)，中

國(guó)

在線(xiàn)

英

語(yǔ)

教

育

領(lǐng)

導(dǎo)

品

牌

1.It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ______________.A)stand still B)jump aside C)step forward D)draw back 注：對(duì)應(yīng)文章第二段

22.The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ___________.A)cultural self-centeredness B)casual manners C)indifference toward foreign visitors D)arrogance towards other cultures 注：對(duì)應(yīng)文章第四段首句

23.In countries other than their own most Americans _______________.A)are isolated by the local people B)are not well informed due to the language barrier C)tend to get along well with the natives D)need interpreters in hotels and restaurants 注：對(duì)應(yīng)文章第五段，inform對(duì)應(yīng)information

24.According to the author, Americans' cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____________.A)affect their image in the new era B)cut themselves off from the outside world C)limit their role in world affairs D)weaken the position of the US dollar 注：對(duì)應(yīng)倒數(shù)第二段

25.The author's intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that ________.A)it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends B)it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs C)it is necessary to use several languages in public places D)it is time to get acquainted with other cultures 注：B反了

Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone.We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's 在線(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ) 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift” means poison in German.Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away form others.Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic（語(yǔ)言上的）and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors.There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments;we do not have multilingual（多語(yǔ)的）guided tours.Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare.Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken.The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives-usually the richer-who speak English.Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance.After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past.American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing.A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs;we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.26.What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels? A)The multi-functional use of high heels.B)Their attempt to show off their status.C)The rich variety of high heel styles.D)Their wish to improve their appearance.注：B選項(xiàng)show off炫耀，C是迷惑選項(xiàng)。

27.The author's presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant ______________.A)to be ironic B)to poke fun at women C)to be fair to the fashion industry D)to make his point convincing 注：諷刺意味的

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28.The author uses the expression “those babies”(Line 3, Para.2)to refer to high heels __________.A)to show their fragile characteristics B)to indicate their feminine features C)to show women's affection for them D)to emphasize their small size

29.The author's chief argument against high heels is that ____________.A)they pose a threat to lawns B)they are injurious to women's health C)they don't necessarily make women beautiful D)they are ineffective as a weapon of defense

30.It can be inferred from the passage that women should _______________.A)see through the very nature of fashion myths B)boycott the products of the fashion industry C)go to a podiatrist regularly for advice D)avoid following fashion too closely

In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting.Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors.But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today.What are they? They are high heels-a woman's worst enemy(whether she knows it or not).High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society.Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships.Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels.First, heels are excellent for aerating（使通氣）lawns.Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about.A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around.Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories.Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one's physical health.Talk to any podiatrist（足病醫(yī)生）, and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women.High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails.The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer.Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting 在線(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ) 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate（陰溝柵）and being thrown to the ground-possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck.And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.31.The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _____.A)rather bleak B)fairly bright C)very impressive D)quite encouraging 注：選一個(gè)爛的，bleak黯淡無(wú)光

32.The author's biggest concern is ____________.A)elementary school children's disinterest in reading classics B)the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C)the musical setting American readers require for reading D)the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class

33.A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ___________.A)their fondness of music and TV programs B)their ignorance of various forms of art and literature C)their lack of attentiveness and basic understanding D)their inability to focus on conflicting input

34.The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ____________.A)to be able to appreciate it and memorize it B)to analyze its essential features C)to think it over conscientiously D)to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value

35.About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ____________.A)upset B)uncertain C)alarmed D)pessimistic 注：對(duì)應(yīng)最后一段

It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy.These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill 在線(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ) 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

even of he middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading.it has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America's literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise(music)in the background or a television screen flickering（閃爍）at the corner of their field of perception.We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed.This violation of concentration, silence, solitude（獨(dú)處的狀態(tài)）goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy;this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart.Not by brain, by heart;the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one.Ahead of us lie technical, psychic（心理的）, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing.The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time;its effects are still begin debated.The information revolution will touch every facet of composition, publication, distribution, and reading.No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book as we've known it.36.According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was ______________.A)to display their country's military might B)to accomplish some significant science C)to find new areas for colonization D)to pursue commercial and state interests 注：對(duì)應(yīng)文章第一段

37.At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _____________.A)international cooperation B)nationalistic reasons C)scientific research D)long-term profits 注：對(duì)應(yīng)文章第三段，B和D相反都排除

38.What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars? A)To find out if life ever existed there.B)To see if humans could survive there.C)To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D)To show the leading role of science in space exploration.39.By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been”(Line 1, Para.4), the author means that _________________.在線(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ) 體驗(yàn)請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)：

A)with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space ventures B)in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very high C)in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever before D)with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue 注：爭(zhēng)議太多，對(duì)應(yīng)末段

40.The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _______________.A)make clear the complex chemistry in the development of life B)confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteorite C)reveal the kind of conditions under which lie originates D)provide an explanation why life is common in the universe

For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic.Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain.Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S.had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms（隱約出現(xiàn)）as humanity's next great terra incognita（未探明之地）.And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet's reddish surface.Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space? With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been.The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite（隕石）from valuable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life.If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.“成千上萬(wàn)人瘋狂下載。。。

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